LIMITE DE FUNCTII

FUNCII LIMTE UZUALE. LIMITE REMARCABILE

0
1
lim
x x
0
1
lim
x x

<
x
x
x
1
lim
0
0
+
>
x
x
x
1
lim
0
0

'

<
>

0 daca , 0
0 daca ,
lim
a
a
x
a
x


x
x
lim

3
lim x
x


3
lim x
x
( )

'

>

1 0 daca 0
1 daca
lim
, a ,
a ,
a
x
x ( )

'

>

1 0 daca
1 daca 0
lim
, a ,
a ,
a
x
x
( )

'

>

1 0 daca
1 daca
log lim
, a , -
a ,
x
a
x ( )

'

>

>
1 0 daca
1 daca
log lim
0
0 , a ,
a ,
x
a
x
x
2
arctg lim

x
x 2
arctg lim



x
x
+
<

x
tg lim
2
2

>

x
tg lim
2
2
( ) ( ) f x f
x

lim
unde
R D f:
funcie elementar si D punct de acumulare
funciile trigonometrice nu au limit n punctele
,
e
x
x
x

,
_

+

1
1 lim e
x
x
x

,
_

+

1
1 lim
( ) e x x
x
+

1
0
1 lim
1
sin
lim
0

x
x
x
1
tg
lim
0

x
x
x
1
arcsin
lim
0

x
x
x
1
arctg
lim
0

x
x
x
1 0 lim >

, a , k
a
x
x
k
x
N 1 lim >

, a , k
x
a
k
x
x
N
1
( )
1
1 ln
lim
0

+
x
x
x
0 ln
1
lim
0
>

a , a
x
a
x
x
( )
R
+

r , r
x
x
r
x
1 1
lim
0
OPERAII CU LIMITE (IRURI I FUNCII)
REGULI DE CALCUL CU LIMITE FINITE
iruri Funcii
: atunci , , unde lim si lim daca R b a b b a a
n n
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 0 unde lim lim
0 unde
lim
lim
lim
lim lim lim
lim lim
lim lim lim
lim
, a,b a a a
b
b
a
b
a
b
a
b a b a b a
a a a
b a b a b a
b b
n
b
n
n
n
n
n
n n n n
n n
n n n n
n n

,
_

t t t

( ) ( ) : R atunci lim lim daca
2 1 2 1
, l , l l x g , l x f
x x


( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) 0 0 unde lim lim
0 unde
lim
lim
lim
lim lim lim
lim lim
lim lim lim
2 1 1
lim
2
2
1
2 1
1
2 1
2
, ,l l l x f x f
l
l
l
x g
x f
x g
x f
l l x g x f x g x f
l a x f a x f a
l l x g x f x g x f
l
x g
x
x g
x
x
x
x
x x x
x x
x x x
x

1
]
1

+ t t

REGULI DE CALCUL CU LIMITE INFINITE, EXPRIMATE FORMAL
Adunare

+
R
R
+
+
, a a
, a a
cazuri de nedeterminare:

;
+
Inmultire
( )
( ) ( )

'

<
>

0
0
,a
,a
a
*
R a
( )

'

<
>

0
0
,a
,a
a
*
R a
cazuri de nedeterminare:
0 ; 0
Impartire
R
R

, a
a
, a
a
0
0

'

<
>

0
0
,a
,a
a

*
R a

'

<
>

0
0
,a
,a
a
*
R a
cazuri de nedeterminare:

; ; ; ;
0
0
Putere
0

'

<
>

0 0
0
,a
,a
a
*
R a
( ) { }
0 0
1 0
1 0 0
1

'

< <
>

, a
a ,
,a
a
( ) { } 1 0
1 0
1 0

'

< <
>

, a
a ,
, a
a
cazuri de nedeterminare:

1 ; 1 ;
0

;
0
0
2
Cazul
0
1

0
1

+
0
1
Limita
functiei
compuse
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) x g y f x g f
x y x
lim unde lim lim
3