13-sm,tþimnusSl¥

kUnCaTIRsLaj;
eBlEdlkUnenAkñúgsgÁm ehIyRtÚvTak;Tg
CamYyGñkdéT kUnRtÚverobcMb£kBa[l¥ niyayBakü
BIeraH RBmTaMgRtÚverobcMxøÜnR)aN semøókbMBak;[
)anl¥pg enHCakarcaM)ac;Nas; eRBaHedIm,ICakar
sEmþgbBa¢ak;fa kUnCamnusSl¥ .
karEdl)anGb;rMbnÞúM]bnisS½ymkl¥ eTIb
sEmþgGakb,kiriyaecjmkl¥ eKehAmnusSdUcenH fa
Gñkmansm,tþimnusSl¥ . Gñkmansm,tþimnusSl¥
rEmgmaneRbóbelImnusS EdlxVHnUvKuNsm,tþiTaMg
enH kñúgRKb;erOgTaMgGs; TaMgkarniymrab;Gan kar
[nUvPaBsñiT§sñal kar[nUvPaBTukcitþ rhUtdl;
RbKl;kargarmuxnaTIsMxan;[eFVIeTotpg CaedIm .
sm,tþimnusSl¥ KWkarsEmþgGakb,kiriyaecj
-33-
mkmansPaBerobryRtwmRtÚv KYrKyKn; minTas;EPñk
minTas;Rtecok eBjeTAedayPaBTn;Pøn; nigkar
eKarBekatERkg . kUnKYrhVwkhat;nUvsm,tþimnusSl¥
TukCasm,tþiRbcaMxøÜn manCaGaT×KW EtgxøÜneday
semøókbMBak;smrmünwgvy½ minedaHsemøókbMBak;kñúg
TIsaFarN³ Bak;GavRtwmRtÚvenAcMeBaHmuxePJóv. man
PaBTn;Pøn;bnÞn;xøÜn ecHRkabsMBH eFVIkareKarBcMeBaH
GñkFM niyaysþIsRgÜmmat; minniyay[sMeLgxøaMg
ekakkakLÚLakñúgTIsaFarN³ b¤kñúgTIRbCuMmnusS min
niyayERCkkat;kñúgeBlEdlGñkFMkMBugsnÞnaKña ecH
ERkgcitþGñkdéT . eBlTTYlTanGahar k¾sRgÜm
minvwbv:ab;Rbjab;dUcxøacGs;mðÚb minniyaykñúgeBl
manGaharkñúgmat; nwgeRkaknwgGgÁúyk¾sRgÜmRby½tñ
RtÜtRtaemIlsBVemIlRKb; .
sm,tþimnusSl¥ Caehtu[mnusSeyIgman
esñh_KYrRsLaj; nwgCaehtu[GñkFMRsLaj;GaNit
-34-
R)afñanwgCYyTMnukbRmúgkñúgerOgepSg² . sm,tþi
mnusSl¥ KWCaGaPrN³eRKÓgRbdab;EtgxøÜn KYrCaTI
rIkraynigrab;Gandl;mnusSTaMgLayRKb;TIkEnøg .
kYrsákegIyqáWtbegáItxkcitþ mnusSsákmanBitKMnitdabdun
ekItmkCamnusSsuICuHGs;Tun CIvitTaruNKµanKuNtémø .
mnusSeyIgplitCIvitxønÜ Ég erobcMtak;Etgcat;Ecgral;éf¶
R)aCJsagCIvitBitdUccréN masR)ak;kaéLbIdUcmnusSexøA.
R)aCJsagCIvitBitdUcCapáay eKacrminNaytRmg;TisedA
qøgkat;laPyscitþ\thµgesA tRmg;TisedAKuNPaBCIvit.
BalRsLaj;xøÜnBYnsuIfñaMBis CIvitsµrÚ RTwsþierIskMhakliT§
søwkeQIcakEmkERCkxül;vibrit KµaneKaledABitCIvitGn§Bal.



-35-
 14-karERkgcitþ
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
kalebIkUnnwgeFVIGVI minfanwgeFVIkñúgpÞHrbs;xøÜn
Ég b¤nwgeFVIenATIdéTNa² ebIkargarEdlnwgeFVIenaH
Gacb:HBal;dl;GñkCitxag eFVI[eKrMxan b¤ekþA
Rkhaycitþ kUnRtÚvRby½tñ[Nas; . kUnkuMeFVIGVI²tam
citþcg; b¤Rbkan;siT§ifa eFVI)anenaHeLIy kUnRtÚvecH
ERkgcitþGñkdéTxøHpg dUcCaenApÞHCab;Kña enAbnÞb;
Cab;Kña b¤enAbnÞb;CamYyKñaCaedIm . karERkgcitþKña
enHl¥Nas; naM[mineQøaHKña minTas;citþKñaTeT² .
kUnsagmitþl¥CagsagsRtÚv sagsRtÚvminl¥eT kUn
kuMecHEtKitfa GñkNas¥b;²eTA TaMgkUnxøÜnÉgk¾kuMcUl
citþs¥b;GñkdéTeLIy .
ebIcaM)ac;kUnnwgeFVIGVI kUnRtÚvR)ab;[eKdwgCamun
b¤rwtEtl¥Nas;eTAeTotenaH KWkUnsUmGnuBaØatBIeK.
-36-
erOgenHminmanxUcxatGVIeLIy karEdlkUnecHERkg
citþGñkdéTenaH eKk¾nwgERkgcitþkUnvijEdr ehIyeK
sb,aycitþnwgGnuBaØat ehIyeKGacRTaM)ankñúgkic©-
karEdlkUneFVIenaH KWeKminekþARkhaycitþedayKit fa
kUnrMxaneKeLIy .
sUm[kUnykcitþeKmkdak;citþkUn manxøÜnÉg
Ca]bma citþeyIgcitþeK kuMeFVIGVI²tamEtcitþxøÜnÉg[
esaH . sUm[kUncaMTukfa karERkgcitþCasm,tþi
rbs;mnusSl¥ CaRkmYnesñh_ CamaryaTkñúgsgÁm
nigCasuCIvFm’eFVImin[Tas;citþGñkdéTpg .
elIktYy:agdUcCa enAkñúgbnÞb;RbCuM b¤kEnøg
sEmþgFm’eTsna GñkdéTeKtaMgcitþsþab; EteyIgKit
EtCECk eFVI[GñkdéTrMxanRtecok . eyIgRbkb
GaCIB b¤CYsCulGVI EdlnaM[mansMeLgrMxandl;Gñk
Citxag eFVI[eKekþARkhaycitþ dUcenHeyIgRtÚvERkg
citþ RtÚvR)ab;eKxøHpg ykcitþeKpg ebInwgRtÚveFVIyUr
-37-
k¾RtÚvERkgcitþeK[xøaMg y:agenHnwgminmanerOgGVI
eRcIneTAenaHeT .
kUnkuMKitEbbGñkelgfa «manerOgk¾man »kar
KitEbbenH CakarKitrbs;mnusSeXIjEtBI)an KitEt
BIxøÜnÉg minKitdl;citþeføImGñkdéTpg . cUrkUnkuMKit
y:agenHeLIy vaCaerOgEdlKYr[eGonxµasNas; .
bufCu ¢nenAl¶g;lg;kñúgkiels dUecñHcUrRbwgkuMxwgBasval
esBKb;bNÐitBitkuMryal kuMx¢iledkRTalkuMGYtxøÜnÉg.
emIlcuHPñMFMk¾Kg;rlay TwkbwgTaMgLayhYtedaysUrüEsg
xøÜneyIgtUcmøgúw RtÚvRbwgekatERkg kuMelIkxøÜnÉgRtÚvERkgecHeK.
eTaHbIRTg;eRKÓgrugerOgedayys edIrGYtb£kx<sy; ssUnüTeT
RTg;citeþ dayFm’kayminTMenr mkudsIlelIsireKÉg)ansux.



-38-
 15-Rby½tñBaküEp¥m
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
kUnKYrRby½tñBaküniyayrbs;GñkdéT eday
cMeBaHBaküEp¥mElðm . TwkGMeBA TwketñatEdlman
rsEp¥m kalebITukyUreTA ehIyRtÚvpSMngw empgk¾
køayeTACaTwkRsvwg y:agNamij BaküsmþIEp¥mElðm
rbs;mnusSxøH k¾GaceFVI[eyIgRsvwg)an y:agenaH
Edr . kalebIRsvwgehIy k¾eFVI[vegVgePøcxøÜn )at;
bg;sµartI xUcRbRktIEdlFøab;Etrabsa rhUtdl;
maneBlxøHRtÚvGs;mas Gs;R)ak;eTotpg eRBaHeCO
BaküEp¥mElðmrbs;eK .
cUrkUnBicarNa[)anl¥ GñkNa²mkniyay
Ep¥mElðm elIktemáIgkUn fakUnl¥y:agenH BUEky:ag
enaH kUnRtÚvEtRby½tñ[EmnETn kuMRbjab;suIeCarrIk-
raysb,ayePøcxøÜn[esaH ebIkUnminRsvwgnwgBakü
-39-
Ep¥mElðmrbs;GñkdéTeT kUnnwgminekþARkhaysþay
eRkayeLIy .
RtIEdlsøab;eTAehIy mYycMENkenaH eRBaH
RtÚveKbeBaäatedaynuy edaylMenAzanCaedIm ebIva
minTak;citþCab;nwgeRKÓgbeBaäateT vak¾minsøab;Edr
kñúgerOgenHkUnRtÚvEtecHRby½tñnwgGVI²RKb;y:ag min
cMeBaHEtBaküsmþIEp¥mElðmrbs;GñkdéTbu:eNÑaHeLIy
eBalKWRby½tñcMeBaHeRKÓge)akbeBaäatkñúgelak kuM[
søab;dUcRtIEdlcab;nuyenaH .
kUneGIy Rby½tñKWCasµartI Rby½tñnwgGVIKWl¥
TaMgGs; kUnRtÚvcaMBakükñúgesovePAkUnmas«Bukfa ³
ePøcGVIePøc)an EtebIePøcR)aN QanFøak;reNþA
ebI)anCaPøat; minTan;Føak;eRCA RbwgeLIgNaeBA
kuMenAnaMRCúl .
xUcGVImineRKaH EtebIxUceQµaH mingayCYsCul
kUnRtÚvRby½tñ kuMgb;ggul kamCaeRKÓgBul
-40-
 xUcGs;TaMgxøÜn .
xUcxøÜnxUceQµaH xUcenHeBjeRKaH rs;Elgs‘b;sYn
EteTaHy:agNa kuM[xUcpÞÜn RtÚvRbwgEkxøÜn
kuMecalGatµa .
ecalGVIecal)an EtkuMecalR)aN kñúgvdþsgSar
eRBaHEtelakenH \tmannrNa CYyRsg;Gatµa
eRkABIxøÜneLIy .
kUnRtÚvrkSa karBarGatµa [)andl;eRtIy
edaykarRby½tñ nigminkenþIy Rby½tñhñwgehIy
CaRBHkñúgxøÜn .
Rby½tñCamþay júaMgKuNTaMgLay [ekItmaMmYn
Gt;Fn;Ca« rkSaRKgs¶Ün KuNFm’kñúgxøÜn
dUcExxagexñIt .
xnþIdUcfñaM elbCaRbcaM rsCatilVIgeqIt
lM)akRTaMNas; luHdl;plekIt rsCatilVIgeqIt
manKuNKab;ehag .
-41-
 16-sresIrninÞaCaxül;mat;
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
eBlmanGñkdéTmkninÞa b¤sresIrkUn kUnRtÚv
taMgsti[l¥ kuMbeNþayeTAtamxül;mat;rbs;eKCa
dac;xat . kUnRtÚvKitemIl etIBaküsresIr b¤ninÞa enaH
Bitb¤y:agNa GaRkk;tameKfaEdrb¤eT ebIfa
Bity:agenaHEmn k¾minKYrxwgeRkaFnwgeK ebIfamin
BiteT RKan;EtkUnKitfa eKminsÁal;b¤mindwgerOg
rbs;kUntamBitbu:NÑwgeTA dUecñHerOgra:vk¾minral-
daleTAFMduMGVIeLIy . mü:ageTot ebIfakUnl¥tamkar
sresIrrbs;eKEmn k¾bBa¢ak;faeKdwgerOgrbs;kUn
tamBit RKan;Etbu:NÑwgÉg EtebIminl¥dUceKsresIr eT
kUnk¾minKYrrIkraysb,aycitþ RBmTTYlykGVIEdl
minEmnCakarBitenaHEdr . ebIKit)an eFVIcitþ)andUc
eBalmkenH k¾rEmgminmanGakareLIgcuHéncitþ eTA
-42-
tamBaküninÞa nigBaküsresIrEdr .
ninÞa b¤sresIrRKan;EtCaxül;mat;rbs;mnusS
Edlbk;pat;mkdl;ehIyk¾hYseTA vaminGaceFVI[
eyIgl¥b¤GaRkk;)aneLIy . GñkNavegVgeTACamYy
BaküsresIrb¤ninÞa GñkenaHnwgekIteraKsrésRbsaT
b¤rhUtdl;viklcritCaBitR)akdBuMxan .
enAeBleKedIrhaléf¶ eKfaéf¶ekþAGaRkk;
Nas; luHdl;eKhalGusb¤sMBt;Gav eKfaéf¶ekþAl¥
manGVIpÁab;citþmnusSelak RtÚvRKb;y:ag nigRKb;Kña eTA
. kUnRtÚvcaMBakükñúgesovePAEm: ¡ ¡ ¡ ³
RBHcnÞnigéf¶\tmandwgGVI EtRtÚvRbúsRsIninÞasresIr
BBkrsat;dUcmansøabehIr ePøógxül;edkedIreKfaTaMgGs;.
bYsCaRBHsgÇenAeKriHKn; eFVIecarlYcbøn;eKTan;dak;exñaH
Rtas;CaRBHBuTe§ nAeKminesµaH Fm’l\¥ tex©aHKg;maneKs¥b;.
sresIrninÞamanBIburaN kan;ykmin)antamBaküTas;Kab;
ebIknU tamR)aCJknU nwgmanPBV½ RtÚvmYyxusdb;kMuykxageRcIn.

-43-
 17-smøwgmnusSl¥b¤GaRkk;
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
karEdlkUnelIktemáIg b¤RBmTTYlGñkNa fa
CamnusSl¥enaH kUnRtÚvsmøwgemIl[)ansBVRKb; nig
[Cak;c,as;Camunsin . kUnRtÚvsmøwgemIl[)anyUr
Ex yUrqñaM kuMKitEtcMeBaHmuxkUnbu:eNÑaH . eKGacl¥
cMeBaHkUn KWeKCYykUn eKniyayl¥rkkUnCaedIm emø:aH
ehIykUnmin)anemIl[sBVRKb; kUnk¾Kitfa eKCa
mnusSl¥G‘ÍcwgeTA . tamBit mnusSEdll¥cMeBaHkUn
minTan;R)akdfa eKCamnusSl¥Bit²enaHeT eRBaHeK
GacsmøwgGVIBIkUn b¤kUnGaceFVInUvGVIEdleKRtÚvkar[eK
)an b¤y:agehaceRBaHkUnmin)aneTACMTas;nUvpl
RbeyaCn_GVIrbs;eK eTIbeKeFVIl¥nwgkUneTA . BuMenaH
esateT KWeRBaHkUnCabþICaRbBn§ b¤Cabgb¥ÚnCamYy
nwgeK .
-44-
 mnusSEdll¥Bit²enaH KWl¥cMeBaHkUnpg l¥
cMeBaHGñkdéTpg .
manTMngdUcKñaEdr EdleKeFVIl¥cMeBaHGñkdéT
Etmin)aneFVIl¥cMeBaHmkelIkUn KWminEmn)anesckþI
fa eKCamnusSminl¥enaHeT . mnusSEdlminl¥enaH
KWRtÚvminl¥TaMgcMeBaHkUnpg TaMgcMeBaHGñkdéTpg .
EdlEm:«elIkykerOgenHmkR)ab;dl;kUn k¾
edIm,I[kUndwgTukteTAmux nwgmin)aneCOeKgay²
minRtÚv)aneKe)akbeBaäat mü:ageTot kUnnwgmin)an
eBalrkGñkdéTNa² faeKCamnusSl¥b¤minl¥eday
gay²enaHeLIy KWEm:«mincg;[kUnsmøwgemIlmnusS
kñúgEpñkl¥ b¤EpñkGaRkk; edaycMENkEtmçag²enaH
Ég .



-45-
 18-fñaMrkSacitþ
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
EdleQµaHfaCaTukçehIy KWminmanGñkNa
R)afñaeLIy bu:EnþRKb;Kñak¾rEmgmanTukçCab;tam man
TukçxøaMg manTukçtic ecHEtmanCaFmµta TaMgEdlRKb;
KñaminR)afñaenaHÉg .
Tukçman 2 y:agKW TukçpøÚvkay nigTukçpøÚvcitþ .
TukçpøÚvkayrm¶ab;)anedayGahar eRKÓgesøókBak; TI
enAGaRs½y nigfñaMEkeraK ÉTukçpøÚvcitþvijRtÚvrkSa
edayRBHFm’ .
RBHFm’CafñaMEkeraKpøÚvcitþ CafñaMkmøaMgCMnYy[
citþmankmøaMg mansuxPaBl¥ nigCaTIBwgpøÚvcitþ .
mnusSeyIgkalEdlmaneraKpøÚvkay )anGahar)an
fñaMCaedImmkbriePaKEfrkSa k¾s¶b;rm¶ab;eTAnUveraKpøÚv
kayenaH ÉcMENkeraKpøÚvcitþvij KWcaM)ac;RtÚvEtyk
-46-
RBHFm’mkEfrkSaeTIb)an esckþIenHkUnRtÚvEtyl;[
)anc,as; .
mnusSNaEdlmineXIjkarBitdUecñH mnusS
enaH enAeBlmanTukçpøÚvcitþekIteLIg k¾rEmgCaTukç
edayR)ascakTIBwg esakesA eBalerobrab; b¤k¾
ERskLÚLabenÞasenHbenÞasenaH .
cMENkmnusSEdlmanbBaØa dwgTukçpøÚvcitþfa
CaeraK rEmgsþab;Fm’ eronFm’ BicarNaFm’ nig
bdibtþitamFm’ edIm,IrkSaeraKcitþ[dUcCakarrkSaeraK
pøÚvkayEdr emø:aHehIy k¾CaGñkmanRBHFm’CaTIBwg
sUm,ICYbRbTHCamYynwgTukç k¾Gackm©at;Tukçkñúgcitþ)an
nigGacrkesckþIsux)ankñúgCIvit EdlCasuxR)ascak
eTaseTotpg .
karBüa)aleraKpøÚvkayminerIsvy½ faekµg b¤
cas;eLIy [EtmanCMgWKWRtÚvEtBüa)al y:agNa
karrkSacitþedayRBHFm’k¾y:agenaHEdr .
-47-
 mnusSeyIgman elaP³ eTas³ nigemah³ Ca
eraKRbcaMcitþnaM[RbRBwtþ)ab dUecñHkUnRtÚvEtmannUv fñaM
KWRBHFm’[CaRbcaMpgEdr eTaHCakUnzitenAkñúg
vyNak¾
½ eday . kUnRtÚvEtrkSacitþ[CaRbcaM rhUt
Tal;EtCasHes,Iy Gs;Tukç Gs;kgVl;BIsnþan . cUr
kUnhVwkhat; [mankaryl;dwgc,as;BIRBHFm’ TIbMput
kUnnwgdwgfa RBHFm’enaHl¥y:agNa .
cUrkUnBicarNanUvkMNaBüenH ³
rUbsl¥ragKYrRsLaj; Etcaj;l¥cti þKnM itCa
minyUrbun: µanrUbCra Écitlþ ¥Camincas;eLIy .
cUrkUnRbúsRsIkMbu MePøc Fm’éføCageBRCnaMdl;eRtIy
manrUbmaneraK\tRsakes,Iy kUneGIyRBHFm’mni ecHQW.
ebIkUneronFm’Gb;rcM itþ RbRBwtþsucritcitþkUnPøW
CIvitRtÚvsøab;rUbRtÚvQW bu:EnþcitþPWmø insøab;eT .



-48-
 19-karRKb;RKgcitþmnusS
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
ecAhVaynayEdlmancitþl¥ manyutþiFm’ ecH
yl;citþyl;eføIm nigCaKñaÉgCamYykUnecA minyk
eRbób minsgát;sgáinebotebonkUnecA rEmgeFVI[kUn
ecAkk;ekþAkñúgcitþ nig[nUvesckþIeKarBekatERkg
TaMgTIcMeBaHmux TaMgTIkM)aMgmuxRtLb;mkecAhVayvij
RBmTaMgcgcaMTukkñúgcitþnUvKuNFm’TaMgLay rhUt
Gs;CIviténBYkeKeTotpg . ebIkUnman»kas)aneFVI
CaecAhVaynayeK b¤CaGñkbgÁab;bBa¢aeK kUnRtÚv
kuMePøcBaküEm:Bakü«Rtg;esckþIenH[esaH enHebIkUn
R)afña[kUnecA EdlenAeRkambgÁab;rbs;kUnRsLaj;
kk;ekþAkñúgcitþ nigeKarBRsLaj;edayesµaHenaH .
kUneFVI[GñkenAeRkam»vaTrbs;kUn RsLaj;
eBjcitþ eKarBsµ½RKesµaH enHCakarRbesIrNas; É
-49-
kareFVI[eKRKan;Etxøac EtmineKarBekatERkgenaH
minRbesIreLIy .
GñkRKb;RKgeK kalebIeRbIEtRBHetCeRcInCag
RBHKuN rEmgmanEtmnusSecHxøac bu:Enþminkk;ekþA
kñúgcitþ nigminRsLaj;sµ½RKesµaHeLIy . cMENkGñk
EdleRbIRBHKuNeRcInCagRBHetC mnusSTaMgLay
rEmgxøacpgERkgpg eKarBedayesµaHpgnigkk;ekþA
kñúgcitþpg y:agenH ehAfa GñkRKb;RKgeK)anTaMg
kayTaMgcitþ .
GñkFMEdlR)afñanwgRKb;RKgcitþmnusS eday
eRbIGMNacbgÁab;bBa¢a edIm,IeFVI[eKekatxøacenaH KW
Cakaryl;xusedayBit . GMNacBitR)akd ekItGMBI
karsagnUvPaBkk;ekþA [dl;kUnecACasMxan; . PaB
kk;ekþA Edlbgáb;eTAedaymenaseBa©tnasñiT§sñal
eKarBRsLaj; ehIydk;Cab;kñúgRkeGAebHdUg rEmg
ekItBIkar[ kareGIeBI nigkarykcitþTukdak; dUcCa
-50-
kar[R)ak; [rbs;rbreRbIR)as; [kmøaMgcitþ [PaB
CaKñaÉg [BaküENnaMEdll¥² [BaküBIeraH man
RbeyaCn_ [GP½y [PaBkk;ekþAbIdUcCa«Bukmþay
rYmTaMgkar[nUvkitþiys [PaBx<g;x<s;hak;dUcCataMg
enAkñúgzan³esµIKñaeTotpg bu:eNÑHCaedIm .
ebIkUnRtÚvkarnwgRKb;RKgcitþmnusS kUnRtÚvecH
se®gÁaH ecH[nUvGVI²edaykþIemtþa kruNa ehIyRtÚv
[CaerOy²eTotpg .



-51-
 20-karTTYlxusRtÚv
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
kalkUneFVIkargarCarbs;xøÜnÉg b¤kal)an
TTYlnUvkargarEdlGñkdéTRbKl;[eFVI cMNucsMxan;
EdlkUnRtÚvykcitþTukdak;xøaMgbMput KWkarTTYlxus
RtÚv .
karTTYlxusRtÚvKW karEdlmannUvkartaMgcitþ
manPaBR)akdkñúgcitþedIm,InwgeFVInUvkarenaH² edIm,I[
kargarTaMgenaHseRmceTAedayerobryl¥ nigTan;
tameBlEdl)ankMNt;Tuk .
GñkTTYlxusRtÚvkñúgkargar mincaM)ac;[Gñk
NamkrMlwkdas;etOn mkbgçMCaerOy²enaHeLIy
rEmgCaGñkdas;etOnxøÜnÉgCanic© mansµartIdwgfa
enHCakargarEdlxøÜnRtÚveFVI . mnusSEdlecHTTYl
xusRtÚvkñúgkargar KWCamnusSEdlBYkKN³RtÚvkar
-52-
ehIyRbeTsCatik¾RtÚvkarEdr . mnusSecHTTYl
xusRtÚv rEmgceRmInkñúgkargar CIvitQaneTArkPaB
rugerOg RbesIreLIg² pÞúyBImnusSEdlxVHsµartI
TTYlxusRtÚv .
mnusSEdlxVHsµartITTYlxusRtÚv rEmgeLH-
eLaHkñúgkargarrbs;xøÜn mineKarBtYnaTIrbs;xøÜn eFVI
kargarGVI²EbbmineBjcitþ erIseGIgkñúgkargar cg;Et
RsNukRsÜl cg;)anEtR)ak; cg;EtbBa¢aeK .l.
kUnyl;dwgkñúgerOgenHehIy kUnRtÚvhVwkhat;
[CamnusSecHTTYlxusRtÚv . viFIhVwkhat;minCa
lM)akbu:nµaneT KWepþImedaykardas;etOnxøÜnÉg[
)anCamun . das;etOnxøÜnÉgfa enHCatYnaTIrbs;
eyIg Cakargarrbs;eyIg CaerOgrbs;eyIg EdlxøÜn
eyIgnwgRtÚvcat;EcgeFVI . luHdl;eBlcuHédeFVIkUnRtÚv
BüayameFVI[l¥CaTIbMput eFVI[eBjsmtßPaBEdl
man beBa©jkmøaMg beBa©jkarecHdwg[eBjTI Épl
-53-
EdlRtÚvTTYl)ank¾nwgekIteLIgdl;xøÜnÉg KWkUnnwg
)anTTYlpledayRtg; .
kardas;etOnxøÜnÉgCanic©kal rEmgeFVI[PaB
énkarTTYlxusRtÚv snSwm²ekIteLIgdl;kUn luHdl;
yUreTA kUnk¾nwgkøayeTACaGñkecHTTYlxusRtÚvmñak;
d¾RbesIr .
kUnsmøaj; RTBüsm,tþiminEmnCarbs;caM)ac;
kñúgkarEdl«BukmþayRtÚvRbKl;[dl;kUnenaHeT .
cMeNHdwg nigkarRbRBwtþl¥ RBmTaMgkarecHTTYlxus
RtÚvEtbu:eNÑaH EdlKYrCaTIbMputkñúgkarEdlEm:«RtÚv
RbKl;[dl;kUnsmøaj; .



-54-
 21-»kasmas
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
mnusSxøHmanGMNac manvasna)armIxøaMgkøa
man»kas)aneTAGgÁúykñúgsßanTIx<s; Edllµmnwg
eFVIGVICaRbeyaCn_ [mankarceRmIndl;sgÁm nig
RbeTsCati)an bu:EnþEbrCamin)aneFVIeTAvij eFVI[xUc
nUv»kasmasd¾y:agKYr[sþay . EdlKat;min)an eFVI
muxEtmkGMBIKat;min)anKitBicarNadl;»kas
masBitR)akd Kit)anRtwmEtfa tMENgnaTIEdlxøÜn
)anTTYlenH Cakitþiysekr×þeQµaHcMeBaHxøÜn nigCapøÚv
énkar)anmknUvlaPpÞal;xøÜnbu:eNÑaH emø:aHehIy Kat;
k¾sMedAeTArkEtkarrkSakitþiys nigRbeyaCn_rbs;
Kat;Etmü:ageTA . tamkarBit RbsinebIKat;eRbIR)as;
»kasmaskñúgxN³enaH sagnUvrbs;l¥ sñaédl¥ [
dl;RbeTsCati nigTukCaTIrlwkkñúgCIvit enaHÉgKWCa
-55-
kitþiys nigRbeyaCn_sMxan;pÞal;xøÜnKat; rhUtGs;
kalCaGEgVg sUm,IecjcaktMENgenaHeTAehIyk¾
eday mnusSTaMgLay eKenAEteBaldl;Kat; eday
karelIktemáIg .
sRmab;xøÜnkUnvij ebIman»kas)aneLIgeTA
kan;zan³x<g;x<s;y:agNamYyenaH KWkuMePøcxøÜn[esaH
kUnRtÚveRbI»kasmasenaH sagnUvRbeyaCn_ sagnUv
GVIEdlCaTIrlwk[dl;mnusSCati edIm,ITukCasñaéd
EdlGñkdéTkñúgsgÁmCati GacTTYlyk)anedaykþI
rMePIbrIkray .
kUnRtÚvKitCanic© ebIkUnmanbuNü)annUvzan³
x<s;EmnenaH kUnRtÚvtaMgcitþeFVI[seRmctamdUcEdl
Em:«)anpþaM ebIminy:agenaHeT zan³tMENgenaH nwg
eFVI[kUnxUc»kasmas nigGaceFVI[xUcxøÜnkUneday
mindwgxøÜneTotpg .


-56-
 22-kuMRtecokRsal
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
kñúgeBlsnÞnaKñaenaH rEmgeKcminputBIkar
elIkykbuKÁlenH buKÁlenaH mkninÞa b¤BicarNafa
y:agenHy:agenaHeLIy . kUnRtÚvhat;eFVIcitþ[F¶n;
kñúgerOgenH RBmTaMg[F¶n;Rtecokpg eBalKWkuMCa
mnusSRtecokRsal eCOBaküniyayrbs;GñkNa²
edaygay²enaH . edaycMeBaHy:agsMxan; ebIkUnCa
GñkFM CaGñkbgÁab;bBa¢a CaGñkdwknaM b¤k¾CaemRKÜsar
kUnRtÚvEtRby½tñ[Nas; eRBaHmanmnusSxøHniyay
edayminTTYlxusRtÚv niyayeTAtamEtcitþEdlcg;
niyay minKitdl;plEdlb:HBal;eTAelIGñkdéT fa
etIGñkdéTekþARkhay b¤xUcekr×þeQµaHy:agNa . Gñk
xøHniyayeRBaHRsÜlmat; cg;eXIjGñksþab;ykcitþ
Tukdak;nwgsþab; b¤k¾PJak;ep¥IleTAtamBaküniyay
-57-
rbs;xøÜn . GñkxøHniyayeRBaHRtÚvkar[eKEbk)ak;Kña
xøHeTotniyayeRBaHcg;sgát;sgáineK .l. mansBV
manRKb;erOgr:avkñúgBaküsmþIGñkniyay .
kUnsþab;mnusSTaMgLayniyayehIy kUnRtÚv
føwgEføg[l¥ kuMRbjab;eCO RtÚvTukBaküsmþIGñkdéTnwg
RtecoksincuH kuMTan;ykmkeRbIkar RtÚvBiesaF RtÚv
BicarNa[)ansBVRKb; dUecñHkUnnwgmin)anxUccitþ
min)anekþARkhaykñúgkalCaxageRkayeLIy .
mnusSRtecokRsalqab;eCOeKeBk rEmgeFVI[
xøÜnÉgekþARkhaysþayeRkay xUcekr×þxUceQµaH min
CaTIrab;Ganrbs;GñkdéT EbbenHmaneRcInnak;Nas;
mkehIy . mü:ageTotmnusSRtecokRsalenaHrEmg
eFVI[PriyasVamIxøÜnÉgElglHKña EckpøÚvKñaedIr eFVI[
RKÜsardYlrlM enAminCasux BuMenaHeT RtÚvsgS½y
Kñab¤RtÚvRkMcitþ .l. EbbenHk¾maneRcInmkehIyEdr
dUecñHkUnRtÚvRby½tñxøÜnTukCamun eTIbCakarl¥ .
-58-
 23-kareRbImnusS
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
karRbKl;kic©kar[mnusSeTAeFVI EdlCaTUeTA
eKEtgniyayfa «eRbImnusS » enaH KWRtÚvemIl[l¥
CaTIbMput RtÚvemIlTaMgmnusS RtÚvemIlTaMgkargar
eBalKWRtÚveRbImnusS [smCamYynwgkargar Gñk
NaCMnajxagGVI Føab;manBiesaFn_y:agNa Føab;CYb
RbsBVehtukarN_y:agem:c rYmTaMgkarecHdwgnigkar
TTYlxusRtÚvpg . kalebIeRbImnusS)ansmRbkb
nwgkargar k¾nwgeFVI[kargaredIreTAmux minmansÞH .
RbsinebIeRbImnusSxus minRtÚvKñanwgkargar
eTenaH b¤eRbImnusSEdlxVHnUvKuNsm,tþi eRbIeRBaH
yl;muxKña b¤eRbIedayminBicarNa[l¥itl¥n; eRkA
GMBIeFVI[kargarminedIrminceRmInehIy enAGaceFVI[
ekItesckþIGnþrayeTotpg .
-59-
 mantYy:agCa]TahrN_[eXIjminticeTEdl
GñkFMeRCIserIseRbImnusSmin[smnwgkargar eFVI[
kargarenaH²minmandMeNIrkar . kEnøgxøHeRbImnusS
EdlCabkSBYk b¤eRbImnusSEdlenACamYy CamnusS
EdlxVHnUvKuNsm,tþi[eTAeFVI naM[xUckargarenaH²
mankargarxøHCakargarrbs;RbeTsCatieTotpg .
dUceBalmkenH kalebIkUnnwgeRbIGñkNa nwg
RbKl;kic©kar[eTAGñkNaeFVI kUnRtÚvBicarNa[l¥ .
GñkNak¾eday eTaHbIeKminEmnCabkSBYkrbs;kUn b¤
eKmankarecHdwgminsUveRcInEmn EteKFøab;man
BiesaFn_ TaMgFøab;)anCYbRbsBVnUvehtukarN_ TaMg
mannUvkarTTYlxusRtÚvpgenaH KWeKGaceFVI[kargar
rbs;kUnseRmceTA)anedayl¥ GñkenaHkUnKYreRbIeK
l¥CageRbIbkSBYkKñaÉgEdlmin)ankar .
kUnminRtÚvykkargarmkRbmaTeT eBalKWmin
RtÚvRbmaTeFVsRbEhskñúgkargareLIy ebIkUnman
-60-
kareFVsRbEhsehIy kUnnwgdYlrlMCamYynwgkar-
garCaBuMxan . mincaM)ac;eBaldl;GñkEdlecHesÞIr
enaHeLIy sUm,IGñkEdlecHsÞat;kñúgkargarehIyk¾
eday k¾RtÚvdYlrlMEdr eRBaHEtRbmaTeFVsRbEhs
dUcCamnusSl¶g;exøA .
srubmk CamYynwgkargar KWkUnkuMRbmaTeFVs
RbEhs kuMRbfuy kuMGagfaminGI RtÚvEthµt;ct; nig
Rby½tñRbEygCaTIbMput .
mnusSéføCagR)ak;
sucritéføCageBRC kuMbMePøcecalxøÜnR)aN
mnusSéføBn;RbmaN kuMecalR)aNdUrykR)ak;.
ecalR)aNesµIlk;xøÜn «eBalpÞÜn[RbckS
mnusSeyIgéføCagR)ak; RtÚvTukdak;xøÜn[l¥ .



-61-
 24-rebobvin½y
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
páaEdleKerobdak;kñúgfUCaedIm GñkNaeXIj
k¾sresIrfas¥atenaH vaGaRs½yenAelIGñkerobcM
cat;Ecg[manrebob . páaRbePTxøHsUm,IminsUvs¥at
EtebIGñktak;EtgerobcMBUEk k¾Gactak;Etg[s¥at)an
Edr pÞúymkvij sUm,IpáaenaHs¥aty:agNak¾eday Et
dl;mnusSminecHerobcMeT k¾eFVI[eTACasMNuM)ac;páa
Fmµta minKYr[cg;KyKn;eLIy . rbs;rbrsRmab;
eRbIR)as;kñúgpÞHk¾mann½ydUcKñaEdr KWBitCaGaceFVI[
pÞHs¥atl¥eTA)an ebIm©as;pÞHecHerobcMtak;EtgenaH.
mnusSeyIgk¾dUcKña nwg)aneTACamnusSEdlKYr[
KyKn; nigKYr[eKarBrab;Gan b¤eKarBRCHføa k¾eRBaH
fa m©as;xøÜnecHerobcM[manreboberobryenaHÉg .
minfaEtpáa b¤rbs;rbrkñúgpÞHeLIy CaBiess
-62-
sMxan;bMputKWmnusSeyIghñwgÉgehIy EdleTACal¥
s¥at)anenaH eRBaHEtkarcat;Ecg[manrebob .
rebobKWCasil,³Edlmankarerobry l¥s¥at KYr[
TsSna . dUecñHmnusSeyIgeTIbKYrRbRBwtþ[man
rebobvin½y edIm,IRKb;y:ag)anl¥RbéB .
kUneGIy duMeQImYyduMvaCaGgát;GusEmnehIy
ebIeKminécñvaeTenaH bu:EnþduMeQImYyduMenaH vaeTACa
rbs;mantémø kalNaebIécñl¥ehIy . rwtEtl¥rwtEt
éfø ehIyebIécñ ebIqøak;[eTACaRBHBuT§rUbenaH Gñkpg
TaMgBYgeKfVaybgÁMedayBit .
kUnRtÚvEtyl; ehIykUnRtÚvEtG‘ÍcwgÉg eTaHbI
mankarxVHxatGVIepSg²xøH EtkUnkuM[xVHrebobvin½y
kñúgxøÜneLIy . eFVIGVI[manrebob kuMGt;rebob[esaH
cat;EcgxøÜnÉg[manreboberobry cMeBaHeBlevla
cMeBaHkargarkñúgCIvitRbcaMéf¶ ehIycMeBaHCaBiess
enaH KWcUlkñúgsgÁmhñwgÉg .
-63-
 enAkñúgsgÁmelakeyIgenH ebIkUnCamnusS
R)ascakrebobvin½y kUnnwgCamnusSEdlmanesñh_
kñúgRkEsEPñkénGñkdéT)any:agdUcemþceTA . dUecñH
kUnRtÚvEteron RtÚvEthVwkhat;nUvGVI²EdlCaesckþIl¥
RKb;y:ag dUcCahVwkhat;[xøÜnmanrebobvin½yenH
CaedIm enHÉgCakarksagxøÜn .
eFVIl)¥ anl¥bvrPasit KuNFm’kúgñ citþCvI it]tþm
KuNFm’ceRmInekIneRBaHsnSM sµartIxti xMksagGatµa .
fµPñMKl;eQIedIrelI\tERkg luHdl;tak;EtgviciRtrcna
[eTACaRBHBuTb§ ,dima mnusSkñgú elakaeKarBvnÞa .
mnusSl¥qøak;xøÜnedayFm’viny½ bdibtþiral;éf¶visyGñ½ kCa
kayvacacitsþ ¥its¥agRKb;RKa bdibtþibUCaRKb;Kañ fáúMefáIg .



-64-
 25-karcecsrwgrUs
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
kñúgkarenACamYyKña minfaenArebobCamitþ b¤
CaPriyasVamIeLIy rEmgmannUvrbs;mYymkERCk
Rtg;kNþalCanic© rbs;enaHKW «karyl;xusKña » .
CabþIRbBn§nwgKñaehIy yUrbnþiceTA eRcInEtyl;xus
Kñagay² minfaerOgtUcb¤erOgFMeLIy ehIyEfmTaMg
jwkjab;CagerOgGVITaMgGs;eTotpg . cUrkuMePøcfa
karyl;xusenH KWminEmnmanRtwmEtyl;xusBIGñk
déTenaHeT vamankaryl;xusBIkarBitpgeTot .
mnusSEdlmankaryl;xus eRcInEtmanPaB
cecsrwgrUs minRBmsþab;Bakürbs;GñkdéT KitfaxøÜn
RtÚvEtmñak;Ég EfmTaMgbenÞasGñkdéTfa eKminyl;
BIxøÜnÉgeTotpg luHdl;niyaycuHniyayeLIg k¾
køayeTACaerOgFM eRBaHRbkan;erogxøÜn kñúgTIbMputk¾
-65-
EbkKña emIlmuxKñamincM .
kUnKYrcaMTukfa PaBcecsrwgrUs eRBaHkar
yl;xusenaH minFøab;[KuNdl;GñkNaeLIy manEt
eFVI[ekItkarEbk)ak;Kña ekItkarminsb,aycitþCamYy
Kña . CabþIRbBn§nwgKña k¾Casmøaj;nwgKña eTAcecs
rwgrUsRbkan;TidæidMeLIgmanHdak;KñaeFVIGVI EbrmkrkKña
CECkKña niyayR)ab;karKiteXIjdl;Kña manehtu
plCatYvinicä½y rYcehIy)ansb,aycitþCamYyKña min
l¥eTb¤ .
bþIRbBn§ eTaHbIfamanrUbragepSgKña EtKYrman
citþmYyeføImmYy eTIbkñúgpÞHmannUvsnþisux . bþIRbBn§
RtÚvEtCamnusSykehtuplCasMxan; kuMeFVIGVI²eRsc
Etcitþcg;rbs;xøÜn kuMGagxøÜnÉg[RCúl . BitEmnEt
min)aneFVI[RKÜsarEbk)ak;Kña EtRtÚvedkEbrxñgdak;
Kña eRBaHehtuminsb,aycitþCamYyKña .
bþIRbBn§RtÚvRKb;RKgcMNg; kuM[cMNg;vaRKb;-
-66-
RKgvij nigRtÚvRKb;RKgesckþIeRkaF kuM[esckþI
eRkaFvaRKb;RKgvijenaH . muneFVI munniyay RtÚv
manstinigbBaØaRKb;RKgCanic© . RtÚvecHERkgcitþ
ERkgerOg GVIEdlregáósehIy RtÚvkuMeFVIkuMniyay .
RtÚvlHTidæimanH PaBcecsrwgrUs karyl;xus nig
])aTanecjBIcitþ edayykehtuplnigPaBRtwmRtÚv
CaeKalbdibtþikñúgCIvitRbcaMéf¶ . CabþIRbBn§RtÚvEt
ecHGaNitKña ehIyesµaHRtg;dl;KñaCanic© .



-67-
 26-citþceg¥ótnigcitþTUlay
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
mnusSxøH sUm,IRkIRkRTBüsm,tþi bu:EnþKat;man
KñIKñaeRcIn manBYkpgrbgCamYymkG‘UEG enAeBl
EdlKat;mankarGVI²enaH KWeKEtgEtmkCYyKat;
em:øaHehIykargarlM)akk¾eTACagayRsÜl . cMENk
buKÁlxøH manRTBüeRcIn manyss½kþiFMduM EtEbrCaxVH
jati xVHKñIKña xVHBYkpg . dl;eTAfa eBlxøHman
mnusSeRcInEmnmkecameram EtenAkñúgsPaBTukcitþ
min)an eRcIneRBaHmkecameramrkplRbeyaCn_
bu:eNÑaH . mnusSBIrRbePTenH BinitürkemIleTA
eXIjehIy minxVHeTkñúgsgÁmbc©úb,nñ .
tamEdlBitenaH KñIKñaenHsMxan;Nas; man
karcaM)ac;enAkñúgsgÁm KWRtÚveFVIkarCamYyKña RtÚv
Tak;TgKñaebIminerOgenHk¾erOgenaHEdr . ehtuGVI
-68-
EdleFVI[mnusSeyIgmanKñIKñaeRcIn RsLaj;esµaH
cMeBaHKña manTwkcitþcg;CYyKñaBit² rkSaKñaeTAvijeTA
mk eBlmankarcaM)ac;k¾mkCYyedaymincaM)ac;ehA
rk ehIymanGVI²bnþicbnþÜck¾hucKña KWeRBaHehtumk
GMBImancitþTUlayenaHÉg .
mnusScitþTUlay rEmgmanKñIKñaeRcIn pÞúyGMBI
mnusSEdlGt;Twkcitþ CamnusScitþceg¥ót . mnusS
citþceg¥ót rEmgxVHnUvKñIKña enAeBlcaM)ac;nwgrk
mnusSmkCYy)anedaylM)ak .
kalkUndwgdUcenHehIy k¾sUm[kUnCamnusS
citþTUlay kuMCamnusScitþceg¥ót manGVICYyGñkdéT
)ank¾CYyeTA kuMkMNaj; kuMsþay eRBaHenHCaTwkcitþ
buNürbs;kUn . GñkNaekItTukçerOgGVI lµmkUnCYy
)ank¾CYyeTA y:agehacNas;k¾CYy[kmøaMgcitþeK
Edr .
mnusSeyIgeBlmanTukç )aneXIjGñkdéTmk
-69-
saksYredayeGIeBI mkCYypþl;kmøaMgcitþ[ k¾manTwk
citþts‘UkñúgCIvit minRtmg;RtemackeNþackENþg .
ekItmkCamnusS kUneGIy eFVIem:cnwg[mansuxsm
tamR)afñaCarhUteTA)anenaH Kg;Etmanéf¶EdlRtÚv
manTukçxøHCaBuMxan . dl;éf¶manTukçmkdl; kUnnwg
)andwgdl;Twkcitþrbs;mitþPkþi KñIKñaBYkpgrbgCamYy
enaH faCaTwkfñaMd¾viess sRmab;labRsLabdl;
citþsnþanrbs;kUn [kk;ekþA [ekItkarsgÇwm nig[
manBüayamts‘UCmñH]bsKÁy:agBitR)akd .



-70-
 27-kuMyktRmab;tameK
kUnCaTIRsLaj;
kUnKg;EtFøab;)aneXIjmnusSBYkxøH cUlcitþ
GgÁúyCYbCuMKñaniyayedImGñkdéT . )anGgÁúyCECk
KñaeBlNa KWeRcInEtykerOgrbs;GñkenHGñkenaHmk
ninÞa niyayGMBIeKkñúgerOgepSg² . esckþIénBakü
niyaysuT§swgEteFVI[eKxUcxatnUvekr×eþ QµaHTaMgGs;
cUlcitþeFVIxøÜnCaGñkecHdwgerOgr:av dUcCac,as;eday
xøÜnÉgG‘Ícwg TaMgEdlxønÜ ÉgdwgBitxøH minBitxøH bu:Enþ
dl;eBlniyayk¾RsÜlmat; niyay[rGildUclab
xøaj; .
kUneGIy FmµtamnusSniyayeRcIn RbRBwtþeTA
min)aneLIy EdlfaBaküniyayTaMgGs;suT§EtBit
enaH dUcBakücas;eBalfa «niyayeRcIn eRcInxus »
enHeBalcMeBaHmnusSEdlmin)anTUnµanxøÜn . mnusS
-71-
RbePTenH kUnkuMyktRmab;tameLIy kUnKitemIl
ebImanGñkdéTNa ykerOgrbs;kUn b¤rbs;Em:«bg
b¥ÚneTAninÞa eTAniyaykñúgpøÚvminl¥enaH kUnk¾muxEt
mineBjcitþdUcKñaEdr .
karniyaydl;GñkdéT kUnRtÚvRby½tñ[Nas;
sUm,IEterOgBit TaMgEdlCaerOgl¥eTotpgenaH .
erOgl¥rbs;eK kalkUnniyayRtÚvemIlGñksþab;pg
ERkgeKminsb,aycitþnwgkUn eRBaHehtuEtkUnsr-
esIrGñkdéT . ebICaerOgEdlminBit b¤CaerOgEdl
KitKñan;eKñredAykedayxøÜnÉg naM[man)abeRBaH
mat; xateBlevla\tRbeyaCn_ .
kUnKYrykeBlmkKiterOgrbs;kUnvij eTIbCa
karRbesIr ebIkUnKµanerOgGVIRtÚvKiteRcIneTkUnsRmak
eTA b¤k¾RtÚvykesovePAmkemIlk¾emIleTA RtÚvebIk
viTüúsþab;k¾ebIksþab;eTA val¥Cag eRBaHvaminekIt
eTasBImat;nigminCa)abtampøÚvvaca .
-72-
 BaküsmþIGaRkk;rbs;GñkdéT sUm,IcMeBaHmkrk
kUn k¾kUnkuMykcitþTukdak;[esAhµgcitþeLIy . ebI
eKCuMKñaniyayninÞaBIGñkdéT niyayedImGaRkk;erOg GVI²
k¾CaerOgrbs;eK kUnRtÚvKitBicarNaBIxøÜnÉgvij
GVIEdlkUnRtÚveFVI GVIEdlkUnminRtÚveFVI nigGVIEdlRtÚveFVI
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