PME_@YZEAHA MHJEBMHF A@ QPKI@Z

OHJPFQHA A@ JE@MJEHZ @JBMÚKEJHZ
@ZJP@FH ^YBO@ZEBMHF A@ HAKEMEZQYHJEÚM

Hmhfezhm fh setuhjeúm hjtuhf a` umh `kpr`sh phrh `sthif`j`r

jbrr`jjebm`s phrh fh tbkh a` a`jesebm`s.
Jhsb4 Iutf`r Fuki`r Jbkphmy
Hmèfeses

^r`s`mthab pbr
Ir. Yekhyjumh Yhker`z, Ae`gb ^`t`r  
Ir. Zhmtehgb Kbrèm, L`ffy Uhskem
Ir. Qbrr`s Cuekhm, Zheay fezi`tc
Ir. U`mqu` Ekèm, Zushm @st`ohmy

Jursb
G`r`mjeh Oemhmje`rh

Abj`mt`
Kg. @jbm. K`fessh Yejhfae Kbrhm

Quki`s, 9>98
 

JHZB4 IPQF@Y FPKI@Y JBK^HMU

@m fh prekhv`rh a` 8558, trhs um rèpeab huk`mtb `m `f vbfuk`m a` m`gbjebs a` fbs ôftekbs høbs,
Iutf`r
Iut f`r Fuki`r
Fuki`r Jbkphm
Jbkphmyy `sp`rh
`sp`rhih
ih tbahvë
tbahvëhh um ekpbrt
ekpbrthmt
hmt`` emjr`k
emjr`k`mt
`mtb
b `m fhs v`m
v`mths
ths.. Zem
`kihrgb, p`s` h su iu`mh r`mthiefeaha, fh `kpr`sh chiëh suoreab umh `sjhs`z a` `o`jtevb y s`
chiëh
chi ëh vestb
vestb bifegh
bifeghah
ah h huk`mt
huk`mthr
hr su `ma`ua
`ma`uahke
hke`mt
`mtb
b jbm `f Zuiuri
Zuiurihm
hm Mhtebm
Mhtebmhf
hf Ihml
Ihml chsth
chsth
917.>>> aúfhr`s. @f pråsthkb kèxekb qu` Zuiurihm Mhtebmhf chjëh `rh a` 90>.>>> aúfhr`s, y
Iutf`r chiëh fbgrhab khmt`m`rs` a`mtrb a` `st` fëket` súfb h ihs` a` hpbyhrs` `m `f jråaetb
jbk`rjehf. Ha`kès, `f Zuiurihm `xegëh hcbrh h Iutf`r qu` ghrhmtezhrh `f pråsthkb jbm sus
emku`if`s. ^br `ffb, Khrl Iutf`r, prbpe`threb ômejb y pr`sea`mt` a` Iutf`r Fuki`r Jbkphmy,
 iusjhih hjtevhk`mt` umh mu`vh r`fhjeúm ihmjhreh abma` pba`r m`gbjehr um pråsthkb khybr y
sem ghrhmtëhs.

Y`je`mt`k`mt`, Iutf`r chiëh seab pr`s`mthab pbr um hkegb p`rsbmhf h G`brg` Abag`, aer`jtevb
a` um ihmjb kujcb khybr, `f Mbrtcrbp Mhtebmhf Ihml. Hkibs jbk`mthrbm fh pbseiefeaha a`
qu` `f ihmjb puae`rh `sthif`j`r umh fëm`h a` jråaetb phrh Iutf`r Fuki`r chsth umh jhmteaha
kèxekh a` 1?0.>>> aúfhr`s. Iutf`r bpemhih qu` um pråsthkb a` `sh jhmteaha `rh kès a` fb
m`
m`j`
j`sh
shre
reb
b ph
phrh
rh ju
juir
irer
er sus
sus m`
m`j`
j`sea
seaha
ha`s
`s pr
pr`v
`ves
esei
eif`s
f`s,, p`
p`rb
rb f` htrh
htrhëh
ëh fh of`x
of`xei
eief
efea
eaha
ha qu
qu`` f`
 prbpbrjebmhrëh umh fëm`h a` jråaetb a` `sh khgmetua. Jbkb r`sufthab a` fh jbmv`rshjeúm, Abag`
bra`mú qu` `f a`phrthk`mtb a` jråaetbs a`f Mbrtcrbp Mhtebmhf Ihml emv`steghrh h Iutf`r y h su
`kpr`sh.

Iutf`r Fuki`r Jbkphmy chiëh seab oumahah `m 8538, jbkb umh sbje`aha jbkhmaethreh, pbr 
Iutf`r y su juøhab, C`mry Zthrl. @m 8533, Iutf`r jbkprú fh phrtejephjeúm a` Zthrl pbr 8>0.>>>
aúfhr`s, y jbmverteú `f m`gbjeb `m sbje`aha hmúmekh. Zthrl r`jeieú um phghrå pbr aejch jhmteaha,
h hkbrtezhr `m 8535, phrh qu` Iutf`r aespuse`rh a` te`kpb phrh jbms`guer fh oemhmjehjeúm
m`j`shreh y `o`jtuhr `f phgb. Fh khybr phrt` a` fbs obmabs m`j`shrebs phrh `st` phgb ou`rbm
bit`meabs k`aehmt` um pråsthkb a`
7>.>>> aúfhr`s m`gbjehab h oemhf`s a` 8533. @st` pråsthkb `sthih ghrhmtezhab pbr fbs t`rr`mbs y
`aeoejebs a` Iutf`r, t`mëh umh thsh a` emt`rås a`f 88% y `rh r``kibfshif` `m pfhzbs trek`strhf`s,
h rhzúm a` 7.>>> aúfhr`s hmuhf`s aurhmt` fbs 8> høbs segue`mt`s.

Fh `kpr`sh `sthih setuhah `m um èr`h `m `xphmseúm h fhs hou`rhs a` umh grhm jeuaha uiejhah `m
`f mbrb`st` a` fh jbsth a`f ^hjëoejb. Fh jbkphøëh `rh prbpe`threh a` umbs t`rr`mbs hayhj`mt`s h
umh vëh oårr`h, y s` chiëhm jbmstrueab abs grhma`s hfkhj`m`s `m `st` sbfhr. Fhs hjteveaha`s a` fh
`kpr`sh s` fekethihm h fh aestreiujeúm hf a`thff a` prbaujtbs kha`r`rbs `m `f èr`h fbjhf. Fbs
 prbaujtbs tëpejbs emjfuëhm kha`rh jbmtrhjchphah, kbfaurhs, khrjbs y `f`k`mtbs phrh pu`rths.
@m g`m`rhf, s` bor`jëhm h fbs jfe`mt`s a`sju`mtbs pbr jhmteaha, y jbmaejebm`s a` phgb jbm jråaetb
h :> aëhs m`tb ohjturh.

Fhs v`mths s` chiëhm a`shrrbffhab premjephfk`mt` sbir` fh ihs` a` umh jbkp`t`mjeh hj`rthah `m
 pr`jebs, súfb pbseif` grhjehs h um jueahabsb jbmtrbf a` fbs ghstbs y pbr fh jbkprh a` kht`rehf`s
`m jhmteaha jbm a`sju`mtbs susthmjehf`s. Fh khybrëh a` fhs kbfaurhs, khrjbs y `f`k`mtbs phrh
 pu`rths, qu` jbmstetuëhm um segmeoejhtevb vbfuk`m a` v`mths, `rhm `kpf`habs `m trhihdbs a`
r`phrhjeúm. Hprbxekhahk`mt` um 00% a` fhs v`mths s` r`hfezhihm `mtr` khrzb y hgbstb. Mb
chiëh hg`mt`s a` v`mths, yh qu` fbs p`aeabs súfb s` r`jeiëhm pbr t`fåobmb. Pm vbfuk`m hmuhf a`
v`mths a` 8.?57.>>> aúfhr`s `m 8533, 9.>8:.>>> `m 8535 y 9.?51.>>> `m 855>, remae`rbm umbs
 i`m`oejebs a`spuås a` ekpu`stbs a` :8.>>> aúfhr`s `m 8533, :1.>>> `m 8535 y 11.>>> `m 855> 8.
@f Hm`xb 8 ku`strh fhs ju`mths a` `xpfbthjeúm a` fbs høbs 8533 h 855>, y a` fbs tr`s k`s`s
 

oemhfezhabs `f :8 a` khrzb a` 8558.

Iutf`r `rh um cbkir` `mårgejb, a` :5 høbs, qu` trhihdhih kujchs cbrhs aehrehs. Jbfhibrhih jbm
åf um hyuahmt`, que`m, `m phfhirhs a`f emv`steghabr a`f Mbrtcrbp Mhtebmhf Ihml, «ch `sthab
chje`mab y pu`a` chj`r `m fh `kpr`sh prèjtejhk`mt` tbab fb qu` Iutf`r chj`¼. H premjepebs a`
8558 chiëh btrbs 8> `kpf`habs, 0 a` `ffbs trhihdhmab `m `f hfkhjåm y jbmauje`mab fbs jhkebm`s

y 0 qu` phrtejephihm `m fh hakemestrhjeúm y fhs v`mths.

Obrkhmab phrt` a` fhs emv`steghjebm`s chietuhf`s sbir` pbt`mjehf`s pr`sththrebs, `f Mbrtcrbp
 Mhtebmhf Ihml sbfejetú emobrk`s h hfgumhs `kpr`shs qu` khmt`mëhm r`fhjebm`s a` m`gbjebs jbm
Iutf`r. @f aer`jtbr a` umh a` sus grhma`s `kpr`shs prbv``abrhs, Ihrl`r Jbkphmy, jbmt`stú4

«Mbs gusth fh jbms`rvhabrh bp`rhjeúm a` su m`gbjeb. Mb ch khfghsthab su aem`rb `m emv`rsebm`s

a`sprbpbrjebmhahs `m emsthfhjebm`s. Zus ghstbs a` `xpfbthjeúm sbm tbab fb r`aujeab qu` pbarëhm
s`r. Qe`m` jbmtrbf p`rsbmhf
p`rsbmhf sbir` jhah vhrehmt` a`f m`gbjeb
m`gbjeb y pbs`` um duejeb jfhrb y vbfumtha
vbfumtha
 phrh trhihdhr kès emt`mshk`mt` qu` mhae` qu` chyh jbmbjeab. @stb, dumtb h umh iu`mh
 p`rsbmhfeaha, f` p`rket` um iu`m mev`f a` m`gbjeb< a`sa`
a`s a` ke
k e `xp`re`mjeh p`rsbmhf, bis`rvhmab
júkb trhihdh, så qu` khmte`m` um `str`jcb jbmtrbf sbir` sus prbpebs jråaetbs.¼

Qbabs fbs emobrk`s jbk`rjehf`s r`jeieabs pbr `f ihmjb jbrrbibrhihm `sth bpemeúm.

Hphrt` a`f m`gbjeb kha`r`rb, qu` jbmstetuëh su khybr ou`mt` a` emgr`sbs, Iutf`r pbs`ëh umh
jhsh `m rågek`m a` jbmabkemeb jbm su `spbsh. Fh jbmstrujjeúm a` fh jhsh jbstú 79.>>> aúfhr`s
`m 8575, y `sthih cepbt`jhah pbr :3.>>>. Qhkieåm t`mëh um s`gurb a` veah a` 7>.>>> aúfhr`s,
juyb i`m`oejehreb `rh su `spbsh. Ema`p`mae`mt`k`mt`, fh s`øbrh Iutf`r pbs`ëh fh ketha a` fh
 prbpe`aha a` umh jhsh a` um vhfbr hprbxekhab h 00.>>> aúfhr`s. Ha`kès a` `stb, mb t`mëhm
emv`rsebm`s p`rsbmhf`s r`f`vhmt`s.

@f ihmjb
ihmjb pr`stú
pr`stú `sp`je
`sp`jehf
hf ht`mjeú
ht`mjeúm
m hf `ma`ua
`ma`uahke
hke`mtb
`mtb y hf rhtrhteb
eb a` feq
fequea
uea`z
`z a`f m`gbjeb.
m`gbjeb.
Jbkprbiú `f jfhrb k`rjhab `xest`mt` phrh fbs prbaujtbs a` fh `kpr`sh `m tbab kbk`mtb y `f
c`jcb a` qu` fhs p`rsp`jtevhs a` v`mths `rhm ohvbrhif`s. @f emv`steghabr a`f ihmjb emobrkú4 «Z`
`sp`rh qu` fhs v`mths hsje`mahm h :,? keffbm`s a` aúfhr`s `m 8558, y pbarëhm sbir`phshr `st`
mev`f
mev`f se fbs pr`jeb
pr`jebss a` fbs prbauj
prbaujtbs
tbs kha`r`
kha`r`rbs
rbs huk
huk`mt
`mths`
hs`m
m mbt
mbthi
hif`k
f`k`mt
`mt`` `m um outurb
outurb
 prúxekb¼. Hf keskb te`kpb, s` haketëh qu` umh a`shj`f`rhjeúm a` fh `jbmbkëh `m g`m`rhf
 pbarëh or`mhr fh thsh a` jr`jeke`mtb a` fhs v`mths. Zem `kihrgb, fhs v`mths a` Iutf`r Fuki`r 
`sthihm chsth je`rtb pumtb prbt`geahs a` fhs ofujtuhjebm`s `m `f k`rjhab a` jbmstrujjeúm a`
mu`vhs veve`mahs, a`ieab h su r`fhtevhk`mt` hfth prbpbrjeúm a` m`gbjeb phrh r`phrhjebm`s. @rh
aeoëjef chj`r prby`jjebm`s qu` sup`rhrhm `f høb 8558, p`rb fhs p`rsp`jtevhs phrh um jbmtemuhab
jr`jeke`mtb a`f vbfuk`m a` m`gbjeb a` Iutf`r Fuki`r `m `f outurb pr`veseif` phr`jëhm iu`mhs.

@f ihmjb haverteú hsekeskb `f rèpeab huk`mtb a` fhs ju`mths y `o`jtbs h phghr a` Iutf`r Fuki`r 
`m fbs ôftekbs te`kpbs, `m `sp`jehf `m fh prekhv`rh a` 8558. Fhs jbmaejebm`s a` jbkprh usuhf`s
`m `f rhkb jbmj`aëhm um a`sju`mtb a`f 9% h fbs phgbs hibmhabs `m fbs 8> prek`rbs aëhs h phrter 
a` fh o`jch a` ohjturh. Fhs ju`mths v`mjëhm h fbs :> aëhs, hf pr`jeb a` ohjturh, p`rb fbs
 prbv``abr`s mbrkhfk`mt` p`rketëhm hfgôm r`trhsb `m fbs phgbs. @m fbs abs ôftekbs høbs, Iutf`r 
s` chiëh i`m`oejehab a` kuy pbjbs a`sju`mtbs `m fhs jbkprhs a`ieab h fh ohfth a` fequea`z,
jbkb jbms`ju`mjeh a` fh jbkprh a` fh phrtejephjeúm a` Zthrl y pbr fhs emv`rsebm`s haejebmhf`s

`m jerjufhmt` hsbjehahs hf jr`je`mt` vbfuk`m a` v`mths a` fh `kpr`sh. @m fh prekhv`rh a` 8558,

`f jråaetb jbk`rjehf `sthih s`rehk`mt` `xj`aeab a`ieab hf `sou`rzb a` Iutf`r phrh khmt`m`r su
 

 pråsthkb a`mtrb a`f fëket` a` 90>.>>>

90>.>>> aúfhr`s `xegeab pbr `f Zuiuri
Zuiurihm
hm Mhtebmhf Ihml.

@m `f Hm`xb 9 s` ku`strhm fbs ihfhmj`s h :8 a` aeje`kir` a` 8533-855> y h :8 a` khrzb a`

8558.

Fhs jbmv`rshjebm`s pr`fekemhr`s `mtr` Abag` y Iutf`r s` ceje`rbm `m tårkembs a` um jråaetb

hutbrr`mbvhif` h 5> aëhs, jbm ghrhmtëhs, qu` mb a`iëh sbir`phshr fbs 1?0.>>> aúfhr`s. Fbs
a`thff`s `sp`jëoejbs
a`thff`s `sp`jëoejbs a`f pråsthkb mb s` chiëhm
chiëhm jbmjr`thab
jbmjr`thab,, p`rb Abag` chiëh `xpfejhab qu` `f
jbmtrhtb emjfuerëh fhs jfèusufhs r`strejtevhs usuhf`s a` thf`s pråsthkbs. H kbab a` `d`kpfb,
k`mjebmú fh m`j`seaha a` qu` s` ekpuse`s`m r`strejjebm`s sbir` pråsthkbs haejebmhf`s< qu` s`
khmtuve`s` `f jerjufhmt` m`tb h um mev`f hjbrahab< qu` fhs mu`vhs emv`rsebm`s `m hjtevbs oedbs
súfb puae`s`m `o`jtuhrs` jbm `f jbms`mteke`mtb pr`veb a`f ihmjb< y qu` s` `sthif`je`rhm fëket`s
h fh r`terhah a` obmabs a`f m`gbjeb pbr phrt` a` Iutf`r. Z` `sthif`j`rëh um tepb a` emt`rås
vhrehif` a` 9 pumtbs pbrj`mtuhf`s sbir` fh thsh pr`o`r`mjehf (fh thsh phghah pbr fbs jfe`mt`s
jr`aetejehk`mt` kès súfeabs a`f ihmjb). Abag` emaejú qu` `f tepb a` emt`rås emejehf h phghr s`rëh
hprbxekhahk`mt` a` um 8>,0%, ihdb fhs jbmaejebm`s veg`mt`s h premjepebs a`f høb 8558. Hkibs
sbir``
sbi r``mt`
mt`mae
mae`rb
`rbm
m qu` Iutf`r
Iutf`r r`sjem
r`sjemaer
aerëh
ëh sus r`f
r`fhje
hjebm`
bm`ss jbm `f Zuiuri
Zuiurihm
hm Mhtebm
Mhtebmhf
hf Ihml
Ihml se
hfjhmzhih um hju`rab a` jråaetb jbm `f Mbrtcrbp Mhtebmhf Ihml.

Hm`xb 84 Ghstbs a` `xpfbthjeúm phrh fbs høbs oemhfezhabs h :8 a` aeje`kir` a` 8533-855> y

 phrh `f prek`r trek`str` a` 8558 (`m
(`m kef`s a` aúfhr`s)

8`r. trek`str` a`
8533 8535 855> 8558
_`mths   8.?57 9.>8: 9.?51 783h
Jbst` k`rjhmjëhs v`maeahs
Ztbjl emejehf   83: 9:5 :9? 183
Jbkprhs   8.973 8.091 9.>19 ??>
8.1?8 8.7?: 9.:?3 8.>73
Ztbjl oemhf 9:5  :9?  183  00?
Jbst` k`rjhmjëhs v`maeahs   8.999 8.1:7 8.50> 099
I`m`oejeb irutb   170 07? 711 85?
Ghstbs a` `xpfbthjeúm i 190 080 ?03 870
Emt`r`s`s 8:  9>  ::  8>
I`m`oejeb hmt`s a` ekpu`stbs   :7
:7 18 0: 88
^rbveseúm ekpu`stbs ?  7  5  9
I`m`oejeb m`tb   :8 :1 11   5

h
@m `f prek`r trek`str` a` 855>, fhs v`mths ou`rbm a` ?53.>>> aúfhr`s, y `f i`m`oejeb m`tb ou` 7.>>> aúfhr`s.

 i
Fbs ghstbs a` `xpfbthjeúm emjfuy`m um su`fab `m `o`jtevb phrh Iutf`r a` 70.>>> aúfhr`s, `m 8533. @m 8535, 30.>>> aúfhr`s<
50.>>> `m 855> y 99.>>> `m `f prek`r trek`str` a` 8558. Iutf`r r`jeiëh thkieåm hfgumhs a` fhs jbkp`mshjebm`s a` fhs qu`
mbrkhfk`mt` s` i`m`oejehm fbs prbpe`threbs a` `kpr`shs qu` mb jbtezhm `m ibfsh.
 

Hm`xbb 94 Ihfhmj`s a` setuhjeúm h :8 a` aeje`kir` a` 8533-855>, y h :8 a` khrzb a` 8558 (`m

Hm`x
kef`s a` aúfhr`s)

8533 8535 855> 8`r. trek`str`

Jhdh   03 13 18 a` :8558
8
Ju`mths h jbirhr - m`tb   878 999 :87 :10
Ztbjls 9:5  :9?  183  00? 
Qbthf hjtevb jerjufhmt`   1?3 05? 77? 5:9
Emkbvefezhab m`tb 89?  81>  807  8?9 
Qbthf hjtevb   051 7:? 5:: 8.>51

@o`jtbs h phghr - ihmjb   ‚    81

8 1? 9:: 917
@o`jtbs h phghr - C`mry Zthrl    8>0   ‚ ‚ ‚ 
@o`jtbs h phghr - prbv``abr`s   ‚ ‚ ‚    807
^rbv``abr`s   891 859 90? 91:
Btrbs hjr``abr`s   91 :> :5 :?
^brjeúm h jbrtb a` a`uah h   7 7  7  7 
fhrgb
Qbthf `xegeif` h jbrtb   9?> :70 0:0 ?5>
A`uah h fhrgb pfhzb ?1  07  0>  17 
Qbthf `xegeif`   :91 1:9 030 7:7
Obmabs prbpebs 97>  :>1  :13  :07
Qbthf phsevb   051 7:? 5:: 8.>51
 

A@ZHYYBFFB A@F JHZB

8. Y@ZPK@M

@s umh `kpr`sh jbk`rjehf qu` a`ieab hf jr`jeke`mtb qu` ch t`meab s` veb bifeghah h
 p`aer oemhmjehke`mtb `xt`rmb. Fhs fëm`hs a` jråaetbs qu` s` chm jbmj`aeab `stèm h pumtb
a` jh`r a`ieab h qu` fhs v`mths a`sj`mae`rbm `m `f ôftekb trek`str` a`f høb 8558.

@m `f høb 8533 fh `kpr`sh tuvb um jr`jeke`mtb a`ieab hf oemhmjehke`mtb a` r`jursbs

emejehf`s y fbs emgr`sbs qu` fh `kpr`sh chiëh g`m`rhab. @m fbs ôftekbs høbs fh `kpr`sh
haquereú um jr`jeke`mtb a` 33%.

@m `f høb 8535 `f jr`jeke`mtb a` fh `kpr`sh cezb r`jurrer h umh oemhmjehjeúm `xt`rmh `m

jbrtb pfhzbs, ha`kès a` qu` mb sup`r`m fbs 1?0>>> aúfhr`s. ^br jbmsegue`mt`, `f mev`f

a` `ma`ua
`ma`uahkehke`mt
`mtb
b s` emjr`k
emjr`k`mt
`mtú
ú a` khm`rh
khm`rh grhauh
grhauhff pb
pbrqu
rqu`` s` sbfeje
sbfejetú
tú fh fëm`h
fëm`h a`
jråaetb y fh jhfeaha a` fh a`uah `kp`brb.

Ha`kès, s` r`shfth qu` Iutf`r t`mëh um `ma`uahke`mtb p`rsbmhf a`ieab h qu` pbs`ëh umh
jhsh `m rågek`m a` jbmabkemeb qu` `sthih cepbt`jhah pbr :3.>>> ha`kès, um s`gurb a`
veah a` 7>,>>> aúfhr`s.
@m juhmtb hf te`kpb a` jbirb h jfe`mt`s y `f huk`mtb `m `xj`sb a` hfkhj`mhke`mtb
cuib
cuib um a`t`
a`t`re
rebr
brb
b fb qu`
qu` cezb
cezb qu`
qu` fh `kpr
`kpr`s
`shh oemh
oemhmj
mje`
e` `m `x
`xj`
j`sb
sb su
suss hj
hjte
tevb
vbss
 premjephfk`mt` k`aehmt` `f jråaetb y `f phgb h prbv``abr`s qu` s` ou` r`trhshmab
grhauhfk`mt`, `m 8558 fhs v`mths aeskemuy`rbm fb qu` bjhsebmb prbif`khs `m t`sbr`rëh.
 

9. HMÈFEZ
HMÈFEZEZ
EZ A@ F
FBZ
BZ @Z
@ZQHA
QHABZ
BZ OE
OEMHM
MHMJE@
JE@YBZ
YBZ

9.8. @ZQH
@ZQHABAB A@ ZEQPHJ
ZEQPHJEÚM
EÚM OEMHMJE@Y
OEMHMJE@YH H (@O8)4 Ihfhmj`s
Ihfhmj`s a` setuhjeúm
setuhjeúm h :8 a`
aeje`kir` a` 8533-855>, y h :8 a` khrzb a` 8558 (`m kef`s a` aúfhr`s)

8`r. trek`str` a`
  PI B / ^@ EBAB 8533 8535 855>
8558
  03.> 13.> 18.>
Jhdh :8.>>
> > >
  878.> 999.> :87.>
Ju`mths h jbirhr - m`tb :10.>>
> > >
  9:5.> :9?.> 183.>
Ztbjls 00?.>>
> > >
  1?3.> 05?.> 77?.>
Qbthf hjtevb jerjufhmt` 5:9.>>
> > >
  89?.> 81>.> 807.>
Emkbvefezhab m`tb 8?9.>>
> > >
  051.> 7:?.> 5::.>
Qbthf hjtevb 8,>51.>>
> > >
  81?.> 9::.>
@o`jtbs h phghr - ihmjb >.>> 917.>>
> >
  8>0.>
@o`jtbs h phghr - C`mry Zthrl >.>> >.>> >.>>
>
@o`jtbs h phghr - prbv``abr`s >.>> >.>> >.>> 807.>>
  891.> 859.> 90?.>
^rbv``abr`s 91:.>>
> > >
  91.> :>.> :5.>
Btrbs hjr``abr`s :?.>>
> > >
  7.> 7.> 7.>
^brjeúm h jbrtb a` a`uah h fhrgb 7.>>
> > >
  9?>.> :70.> 0:0.>
Qbthf `xegeif` h jbrtb ?5>.>>
> > >
  ?1.> 07.> 0>.>
A`uah h fhrgb pfhzb > > > 17.>>
  :91.> 1:9.> 030.>
Qbthf `xegeif` 7:7.>>
> > >
  97>.> :>1.> :13.>
Obmabs prbpebs :07.>>
> > >
  051.> 7:?.> 5::.>
Qbthf phsevb y phtrekbmeb 8,>51.>>
> > >
 

9.8.8.
9.8.8. Hmè
Hmèfes
feses
es cbrez
cbrezbmt
bmthf
hf

8`r. trek`str` a`
PI B / ^@ EBAB 8533 8535 855>
8558

Jhdh -8>.>> -7.>> -8>.>>

Ju`mths h jbirhr - m`tb 08.>> 50.>> 93.>>
Ztbjls 37.>> 59.>> 8:3.>>
Qbthf hjtevb jerjufhmt`   893.>> 83>.>> 80?.>>
Emkbvefezhab m`tb 81.>> 87.>> 0.>>
Qbthf hjtevb   819.>> 857.>> 8?8.>>

@o`jtbs h phghr - ihmjb 81?.>> 37.>> 81.>>

@o`jtbs h phghr - C`mry Zthrl -8>0.>> >.>> >.>>
@o`jtbs h phghr - prbv``abr`s >.>> >.>> 807.>>
^rbv``abr`s ?3.>> ?1.>> -8:.>>
Btrbs hjr``abr`s ?.>> 5.>> -:.>>
^brjeúm h jbrtb a` a`uah h fhrgb >.>> >.>> >.>>
Qbthf `xegeif` h jbrtb   880.>> 8?>.>> 800.>>
A`uah h fhrgb pfhzb -7.>> -7.>> -:.>>
Qbthf `xegeif`   8>3.>> 80:.>> 809.>>
Obmabs prbpebs :1.>> 11.>> 5.>>
Qbthf phsevb y phtrekbmeb   819.>> 857.>> 8?8.>>

9.
9.8.
8.9.
9. Hm
Hmèf
èfes
eses
es v`rte
v`rtejh
jhff

8`r.
PI B / ^@ EBAB 8533 % 8,535.>> % 8,55>.>> % trek`str` %
a` 8558
Jhdh 03.>> 8>% 13.>> 7% 18.>> 1% :8.>> :%
Ju`mths h jbirhr - m`tb 878.>> 95% 999.>> :>% :87.>> :1% :10.>> :9%
Ztbjls 9:5.>> 1>% :9?.>> 11% 183.>> 10% 00?.>> 08%
Qbthf hjtevb jerjufhmt` 1?3.>> 75% 05?.>> 38% 77?.>> 3:% 5:9.>> 30%
Emkbvefezhab m`tb 89?.>> 98% 81>.>> 85% 807.>> 87% 8?9.>> 80%
Qbthf hjtevb 051.>> 7:?.>> 5::.>> 8,>51.>>

@o`jtbs h phghr - ihmjb >.>> >% 81?.>> 9>% 9::.>> 90% 917.>> 9:%
@o`jtbs h phghr - C`mry Zthrl 8>0.>> 83% >.>> >% >.>> >% >.>> >%
@o`jtbs h phghr - prbv``abr`s >.>> >% >.>> >% >.>> >% 807.>> 81%
^rbv``abr`s 891.>> 98% 859.>> 9?% 90?.>> 97% 91:.>> 99%
Btrbs hjr``abr`s 91.>> 1% :>.>> 1% :5.>> 1% :?.>> :%
^brjeúm h jbrtb a` a`uah h
fhrgb 7.>> 8% 7.>> 8% 7.>> 8% 7.>> 8%
Qbthf `xegeif` h jbrtb 9?>.>> 11% :70.>> 08% 0:0.>> 07% ?5>.>> ?:%
A`uah h fhrgb pfhzb ?1.>> 88% 07.>> 3% 0>.>> 0% 17.>> 1%
Qbthf `xegeif` :91.>> 00% 1:9.>> 05% 030.>> ?:% 7:7.>> ?7%
Obmabs prbpebs 97>.>> 10% :>1.>> 18% :13.>> :7% :07.>> ::%
 

Qbthf phsevb y phtrekbmeb 051.>> 7:?.>> 5::.>> 8,>51.>>

9.
9.9.
9. @Z
@ZQH
QHABAB A@ Y@ Y@ZP
ZPFQ
FQHA
HABZ
BZ (@(@O9
O9)4
)4 Gh
Ghst
stbs
bs a` `xpf
`xpfbt
bthj
hjeú
eúm
m ph
phrh
rh fbs
fbs høbs
høbs
oemhfezhabs h :8 a` aeje`kir` a` 8533-855> y phrh `f prek`r trek`str` a` 8558 (`m
kef`s a` aúfhr`s)

  PI B / ^@ EBAB 8533 8535 855> 8`r. trek`str` a` 8558

_`mths 8,?57.>> 9,>8:.>> 9,?51.>> 783.>>

Jbst` k`rjhmjëhs v`maeahs
  Ztbjl emejehf 83:.>> 9:5.>> :9?.>> 183.>>
Jbkprhs 8,973.>> 8,091.>> 9,>19.>> ??>.>>
8,1?8.>> 8,7?:.>> 9,:?3.>> 8,>73.>>
Ztbjl oemhf 9:5.>> :9?.>> 183.>> 00?.>>
Qbthf jbstb a` v`mths 8,999.>> 8,1:7.>> 8,50>.>> 099.>>
I`m`oejeb irutb 170.>> 07?.>> 711.>> 85?.>>
Ghstbs a` `xpfbthjeúm 190.>> 080.>> ?03.>> 870.>>
Emt`r`s`s 8:.>> 9>.>> ::.>> 8>.>>
I`m`
I`m`oeoeje
jebb hm
hmt`
t`ss a` ekpu
ekpu`s
`stb
tbss :7
:7.>
.>>> 18.>
18.>>> 0:.>
0:.>>> 88.>
88.>>>
^rbveseúm ekpu`stbs ?.>> 7.>> 5.>> 9.>>
I`m`oejeb m`tb :8.>> :1.>> 11.>> 5.>

9.
9.9.
9.8.
8. Hm
Hmèf
èfes
eses
es cbre
cbrezb
zbmt
mthf
hf

8`r. trek`str` a`
PI B / ^@ EBAB 8533 8535 855>
8558
_`mths :8?.>> ?38.>> -8,57?.>>
Jbst` k`rjhmjëhs v`maeahs >.>> >.>> >.>>
Ztbjl emejehf 0?.>> 37.>> 59.>>
Jbkprhs 91?.>> 083.>> -8,:39.>>
:>9.>> ?>0.>> -8,95>.>>
Ztbjl oemhf 37.>> 59.>> 8:3.>>
Qbthf jbstb a` v`mths   980.>> 08:.>> -8,193.>>
I`m`oejeb irutb 8>8.>> 8?3.>> -013.>>
Ghstbs a` `xpfbthjeúm 5>.>> 81:.>> -13:.>>
Emt`r`s`s 7.>> 8:.>> -9:.>>
I`m`oejeb hmt`s a` ekpu`stbs   1.>> 89.>> -19.>>
^rbveseúm ekpu`stbs 8.>> 9.>> -7.>>
I`m`oejeb m`tb   :.>> 8>.>> -:0.>>
 

9.
9.9.
9.9.
9. Hm
Hmèf
èfes
eses
es v`
v`rt
rtej
ejhf
hf

8`r. trek`str`
PI B / ^@ EBAB 8533 % 8535 % 855> % %
a` 8558
_`mths 8,?57.>> 9% 9,>8:.>> 9% 9,?51.>> 9% 783.>> 8%
Jbst` k`rjhmjëhs v`maeahs >.>> >.>> >.>> >.>> >.>> >.>> >.>> >.>>
Ztbjl emejehf 83:.>> 87% 9:5.>> 81% :9?.>> 8:% 183.>> 9%
  Jbkprhs 8,973.>> 9% 8,091.>> 9% 9,>19.>> 9% ??>.>> 8%
  8,1?8.>> 9% 8,7?:.>> 99%
% 9,:?3.>> 9%
9% 8,>73.>> 8%
  Ztbjl oemhf 9:5.>> 8:% :9?.>> 8>% 183.>> 88% 00?.>> 9%
Qbthf jbstb a` v`mths 8,999.>> :% 8,1:7.>> 9% 8,50>.>> 9% 099.>> 9%
I`m`oejeb irutb 170.>> 7% 07?.>> ?% 711.>> ?% 85?.>> 0%
Ghstbs a` `xpfbthjeúm 190.>> 7% 080.>> 7% ?03.>> 7% 870.>> 0%
Emt`r`s`s 8:.>> 9:3% 9>.>> 87>% ::.>> 8::% 8>.>> 5>
5 >%
I`m`oejeb hmt`s a` ekpu`stbs :7.>> 31% 18.>> 3:% 0:.>> 3:% 88.>> 39%
^rbveseúm ekpu`stbs ?.>> 087% 7.>> 13?% 5.>> 135% 9.>> 10>%

I`m`oejeb m`tb :8.>> :1.>> 11.>> 5.>>

:. YHTB
YHTBM@
M@Z
Z OE
OEMH
MHMJ
MJE@
E@YH
YHZ
Z

HQEB OB KPFH EMQ @_HFB HØB 8533 HØB 8535 HØB 855> HØB 8558
  @HFETHIF@ +
995.>> 97>.>> :03.>> :7?.>>
AEZ^BMEIF@
Q@ZB @ EH >.3 - 8.9 >.33 >.79 >.?7 >.01
^HZE_B
9?>.>> :70.>> 0:0.>> ?5>.>>
JB E@MQ@
HJQE_B
1?3.>> 05?.>> 77?.>> 5:9.>>
JB E@MQ@
FEXPEA@T 8.0 - 8.3 8.3> 8.05 8.10 8.:0
^HZE_B
JB E@MQ@ 9?>.>> :70.>> 0:0.>> ?5>.>>
HJQE_B
89?.>> 81>.>> 807.>> 8?9.>>
  @HF
GH HMQEH 8.7 - 9 >.:5 >.:9 >.97 >.99
@SEGEIF@
:91.>> 1:9.>> 030.>> 7:7.>>
QBQHF
AEZ^BMEIF@
03.>> 13.>> 18.>> :8.>>
AEZ^BMEIEFEAHA >.: - >.1 >.99 >.8: >.>3 >.>1
@SEGEIF@ H
9?>.>> :70.>> 0:0.>> ?5>.>>
J/^
  @JP ZBZ
97>.>> :>1.>> :13.>> :07.>>
^ B^EBZ
HPQBMBKEH >.3 - 8.0 >.1? >.:3 >.:8 >.90
@SEGEIF@
031.>> 3>7.>> 8,89>.>> 8,197.>>
QBQHF
^HZE_B
JHFEAHA A@ FH JB E@MQ@ 9?>.>> :70.>> 0:0.>> ?5>.>>
A@PAH QBQHF ^HZE_B >.9 - >.0 031.>> >.10 3>7.>> >.1? 8,89>.>> >.13 8,197.>> >.13
 

EMQ@Y^Y@QHJEBM@Z4

h) Q`sbr`rëh
Fh `kpr`sh, phrh fbs høbs 8533, 8535, 855> y 8558 te`m` umh rhzúm a` >.33,

>.79, >.?7 y >.01 r`sp`jtevhk`mt` fb juhf emaejh qu` su hjtevb r`hfezhif` mb f`

hfjhmzh phrh juirer 8 aúfhr a` a`uah h jbrtb pfhzb.

 i) Fequea`z
Fh `kpr`sh, phrh fbs høbs 8533, 8535, 855> y 8558 te`m` umh fequea`z a` 8.3>,
8.05, 8.10 y 8.:0 pbr jhah aúfhr a` phsevb jbrre`mt`.

j) Ghrhmtëh
Fh `kpr`sh, phrh fbs høbs 8533, 8535, 855> y 8558 te`m` umh rhzúm a` >.:5,
>.:9, >.97 y >.99 r`sp`jtevhk`mt`, `m fh qu` su hjtevb. U phtrekbmeb mb f`
hfjhmzh phrh juirer su phsevb

a) Ae
Aesp
spbbme
mei
ief
efea
eahha
Fh `kpr`sh, mb te`m` aespbmeiefea
aespbmeiefeaha
ha a` fh a`p`ma`mjeh
a`p`ma`mjeh oemhmje`rh
oemhmje`rh phrh fbs høbs
85
8533
33,, 85
8535
35,, 85
855>
5> y 85
8558
58 ch t`me
t`meab
ab um
umhh rhzúm
rhzúm a` >.
>.99
99,, >.
>.8:
8:,, >.
>.>3
>3 y >.
>.>1
>1
r`sp`jtevhk`mt`.

`) Hutbmbkëh
Fh `kpr`sh mb te`m` hutbmbkëh, a`ieab h qu` su phtrekbmeb te`m` oemhmjehke`mtb
a` t`rj`rbs, a`ieab h qu` ch t`meab umh rhzúm a` >.1?< >.:3< >.:8 y >.90 phrh fbs
høbs 8533, 8535, 855> y 8558 r`sp`jtevhk`mt`.

o) Jhfeaha a` a`uah
Fh `kpr`sh su jhfeaha a` a`uah, `s `oeje`mt` a`ieab h qu` te`m` rhzbm`s a` >.10,
>.1?,
>.1?, >.13
>.13 y >.13
>.13 phrh
phrh fbs høbs
høbs 8533,
8533, 8535
8535,, 855>
855> y 8558
8558 r`sp`jte
r`sp`jtevhk
vhk`mt
`mt`.
`.
 

1. HMÈF
HMÈFEZ
EZEZ
EZ O
OBA
BAH
H

OBYQHF@THZ B^BYQPMEAHA@Z

8. _`mths ohvbrhif`s
8. Iu`mh r`mthiefeaha 9. @k
@kp
pr`
r`sh
sh uiejha
ejhahh `m um èr
èr`h
`h `m
9.  Mb khfghsth `f aem`rb. `xphmseúm h fhs hou`rhs a` umh grhm
:.  M`gbjeb a` kha`r`rb qu` jbmstetuerè jeuaha.
su khybr ou`mt` a` emgr`sbs. :. Bor`j`m a`sju`mtbs y jbmaejebm`s a`
 phgbs h fbs jfe`mt`s.

A@IEFEAHA@Z HK@MHTHZ

8. Y`s
`str
trej
ejjjebm`
ebm`ss sbi
bir`
r` prås
pråsth
thkb
kbss
8. @sjhs`z a` `o`jtevb
haejebmhf`s.
9. Huk`mtb a` `ma`uahke`mtb
9.  Mu`vhs emv`rsebm`s `m hjtevbs oedbs
:. Gh
Ghrh
rhm
mte
tezzhr `f pråråst
sthk
hkb
b jb
jbm
m sus
sbfb s` `o`jtuhrëhm jbm `f
emku`if`s
jbms`mteke`mtb pr`veb hf ihmjb.
 

0. KHQYET A@ K@QHZ
K@QHZ U @ZQYHQ@GEHZ ^HYH ‖IPQF@Y FPKI@Y
FPKI@Y JBK^HMU‛
JBK^HMU‛

HØB HØB HØB HØB

K@QH @ZQYHQ@GEH HJQE_EAHA OBYKPFH EMQY@_HFB ^YBK@AEB 8559 855: 8551 8550 855?
8533 8535 855> 8558
Khmt`m`r fh Btbrghr emj`mtevhs
Y@HFETHIF@ +
jbirhmzh h  pbr fhs jbirhmzhs h 995.>> 97>.>> :03.>> :7?.>>
AEZ^BMEIF@
Zup`rhr `m :>% mu`strbs jfe`mt`s jbrtb pfhzb.
fhs jbirhmzhs h Zup`rhr fh k`th `m >.3 - 8.9 >.33 >.79 >.?7 >.01 >.7> >.73 >.37 >.5? 8.>7 8.85
jbrtb pfhzb :>% a` fhs Btbrghr a`sju`mtbs ^HZE_B
9?>.>> :70.>> 0:0.>> ?5>.>>
jbirhmzhs a`f  pbr prbmtb phgb JBYYE@MQ@
`d`rjejeb hmt`rebr 
Emjr`k`mthr `f
Btbrghr a`sju`mtbs HJQE_B
vbfuk`m a` fhs 1?3.>> 05?.>> 77?.>> 5:9.>>
 pbr prbmtb phgb JBYYE@MQ@
v`mths hf jbmthab
Zup`rhr `m :>%
Btbrghr thshs a`
fhs jbirhmzhs h 8.0 - 8.3 8.3> 8.05 8.10 8.:0 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00
fhrgb pfhzb Aeskemuer `f emt`rås rhzbmhif`s ^HZE_B
vbfuk`m a` v`mths `m ht`mjeúm hf 9?>.>> :70.>> 0:0.>> ?5>.>>
JBYYE@MQ@
hf jråaetb môk`rb a` aëhs a`f
jråaetb
Hprbihjeúm a`
Aeskemuer `st` Y`emv`rter 
r`emv`rseúm a` AEZ^BMEIF@ 03.>> 13.>> 18.>> :8.>>
emaejhabr `m 1>% utefeaha`s hf 5>%
utefeaha`s
jbm r`sp`jtb hf >.: - >.1 >.99 >.8: >.>3 >.>1 >.89 >.90 >.:> >.:0 >.1> >.1>
Hprbihjeúm a`f
tbthf a` phsevbs h Y`emv`rter  @SEGEIF@ H
kba`fb a` pbfëtejhs 9?>.>> :70.>> 0:0.>> ?5>.>>
jbrtb pfhzb utefeaha`s hf 5>% J/^
a` r`emv`rseúm
Emjr`k`mthr fh Hprbihjeúm a`f
Y@JPYZBZ
K`dbrhr fh rbthjeúm a` fhs kba`fb a` pbfëtejhs 97>.>> :>1.>> :13.>> :07.>>
^YB^EBZ
rbthjeúm a` fbs `xest`mjehs a` hakemestrhjeúm >.3 - 8.0 >.1? >.:3 >.:8 >.90 >.:0 >.3> >.30 >.30 >.5> >.5>
hjtevbs `xegeif`s Aeskemuer fh Y`pbt`mjehr `f èr`h @SEGEIF@
031.>> 3>7.>> 8,89>.>> 8,197.>>
rbthjeúm a` phgbs a` hakemestrhjeúm QBQHF
K`dbrhr `f j`mtrb
Khmt`m`r `f pr`jeb ^HZE_B
a` prbaujjeúm `m 9?>.>> :70.>> 0:0.>> ?5>.>>
a` v`mth JBYYE@MQ@
Huk`mthr fh 1>%
>.9 - >.0 >.10 >.1? >.13 >.13 >.17 >.1> >.1> >.1> >.1> >.1>
utefeaha `m 0>% Emjr`k`mthr `f Hprbihjeúm a`f
vbfuk`m a` fhs kba`fb a` pbfëtejhs QBQHF ^HZE_B 031.>> 3>7.>> 8,89>.>> 8,197.>>
v`mths a` v`mths