목 차 프로그램 사용방법 프로그램 정보

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Ⅰ. 강도계산 (PRESSURE VESSEL) Ⅱ. VOLUME & WEIGHT 계산

1. Design Data 1. Volume Calculation

2. Cylindrical Shell Thickness 2. Weight for Pressure Vessel

3. 2:1 Ellipsoidal Heads Thickness 3. Weight Calculation

4. Hemispherical Heads Thickness

5. Unstayed Flat Heads & Covers Thickness

6. Nozzle Neck Calculation Ⅲ. 기타 자료

7. Reinforcement Pad for Nozzle 1. Max. Allowable Stress for Material (최고허용응력값)

8. Flange Claculation (Integral RF Type) 2. Bolt dB & Gasket Factor/Seating Stress

9. Flange Calculation (Optional RF Type) 3. Pipe Thickness

10. Lifting Lug Calculation 4. Material List (ASME Sec.Ⅱ, Part A)

■ DESIGN DATA 목차로 이동

DESIGN DESCRIPTION DATA UNIT

DESIGN PRESSURE (설계압력) 1.5 kgf/cm2

DESIGN TEMPERATURE (설계온도) 100 ℃

JOINT EFFICIENCY SHELL (LONG.) 0.7

(이음효율) SHELL (CIRCUM.) 0.7

HEAD 1
ΦD
RADIOGRAPHY TEST SHELL (LONG.) NONE
(비파괴검사) SHELL (CIRCUM.) NONE

HEAD FULL

CORROSION ALLOWANCE SHELL 0.0 mm

(부식허용) HEAD 0.0 mm

NOZZLE 0.0 mm

L MATERIAL (재질) SHELL SUS316L

HEAD SUS316L

※ PRESSURE VESSEL의 형태는 NOZZLE NECK SUS316L

다른 Type도 가능합니다. BODY INSIDE DIA. D 988 mm

FLANGE TO FLANGE L 1400 mm

■ CYLINDRICAL SHELL THICKNESS Design Data 목차로 이동

** DESIGN DATA **

MATERIAL = SUS316L
DESIGN PRESSURE P = 1.5 kgf/cm2
DESIGN TEMPERTURE T = 100 ℃
INSIDE DIA. (CORRODED) D = 988 mm
CORROSION ALLOWANCE CA = 0 mm
ALLOWABLE STRESS S = 1202.3 kgf/cm2 → 허용응력 값 보기
ALLOWABLE STRESS (NEW & COLD) S' = 1202.3 kgf/cm2

RADIOGRAPHY = NONE
JOINT EFFICIENCY E1 = 0.7
E2 = 0.7

1) PER UG-27(c)(1) CIRCUMFERENTIAL STRESS

TH'K LIMITED TO 0.5R, DESIGN PRESSURE LIMITED TO 0.385SE

P R
t1 = = 0.881 mm
S E1 - 0.6 P

2) PER UG-27(c)(2) LONGITUDINAL STRESS

TH'K LIMITED TO 0.5R, DESIGN PRESSURE LIMITED TO 1.25SE

P R
t2 = = 0.440 mm
2 S E2 + 0.4 P

3) t1 IS LARGER THEN t2
THEREFORE MINIMUM REQUIRED THICKNESS : tr

tr = t1 + CA = 0.881 mm

∴ USED NOMINAL THICKNESS, T = 6.0 mm

--------------------------------------------------------------
■ 2:1 ELLIPSOIDAL HEADS THICKNESS Design Data 목차로 이동

** DESIGN DATA **

MATERIAL = SUS316L
DESIGN PRESSURE P = 1.5 kgf/cm2
DESIGN TEMPERTURE T = 100 ℃
INSIDE DIA. (CORRODED) D = 988 mm
CORROSION ALLOWANCE CA = 0 mm
ALLOWABLE STRESS S = 1406.2 kgf/cm2 → 허용응력 값 보기
ALLOWABLE STRESS (NEW & COLD) S' = 1406.2 kgf/cm2

RADIOGRAPHY = FULL
JOINT EFFICIENCY E = 1

1) PER UG-32(d)

P D
t3 = = 0.527 mm
2 S E - 0.2 P

THEREFORE MINIMUM REQUIRED THICKNESS, tr

tr = t3 + CA = 0.527 mm

* MIN. THICKNESS AFTER FORMING, t min. = 0.6 mm

* USED MINIMUM THICKNESS, T min. = 0.7 mm

∴ USED NOMINAL THICKNESS, T = 6 mm

---------------------------------------------------------------------
■ HEMISPHERICAL HEADS THICKNESS Design Data 목차로 이동

** DESIGN DATA **

MATERIAL = SUS316L
DESIGN PRESSURE P = 1.5 kgf/cm2
DESIGN TEMPERTURE T = 100 ℃
INSIDE DIA. (CORRODED) L = 988 mm
CORROSION ALLOWANCE CA = 0 mm
ALLOWABLE STRESS S = 1202.3 kgf/cm2 → 허용응력 값 보기
RADIOGRAPHY = FULL
JOINT EFFICIENCY E = 1

1) PER UG-32(f)

P L
t3 = = 0.616 mm
2 S E - 0.2 P

THEREFORE MINIMUM REQUIRED THICKNESS, tr

tr = t3 + CA = 0.616 mm

* MIN. THICKNESS AFTER FORMING, t min. = 0.7 mm

* USED MINIMUM THICKNESS, T min. = 0.8 mm

∴ USED NOMINAL THICKNESS, T = 6 mm

---------------------------------------------------------------------
■ UNSTAYED FLAT HEADS & COVERS THICKNESS Design Data 목차로 이동

** DESIGN DATA **

MATERIAL = SUS316L
DESIGN PRESSURE P = 1.5 kgf/cm2
DESIGN TEMPERTURE T = 100 ℃
INSIDE DIA. d = 988 mm
CORROSION ALLOWANCE CA = 0 mm
MAX. ALLOWABLE STRESS Sh = 1406.2 kgf/cm2 → 허용응력 값 보기
MAX. ALLOWABLE STRESS FOR SHELL S = 1202.3 kgf/cm2

RADIOGRAPHY = -
JOINT EFFICIENCY E = 1
ACTUAL THICKNESS OF SHELL ts = 6 mm
(EXCLUSIVE OF CORROSION ALLOWANCE)

1) PER UG-27(c)(1)

MINIMUM REQUIRED SHELL THICKNESS : tr

P R
tr = = 0.617 mm
S E - 0.6 P

2) PER UG-34, THE RATIO tr/ts : m

m = tr / ts = 0.103

3) PER UG-34 sketchs (e),(f), AND (g)

C = 0.33 * m = 0.034
C = 0.33 * m , BUT NOT LESS THAN 0.20 FOR CIRCULAR PLATES
∴ MIN. C = 0.200

4) PER UG-34(c)(2), MIN. REQUIRED THICKNESS OF FLAT UNSTAYED CIRCULAR HEADS & COVERS : t

t = d √CP / ShE = = 14.43 mm

DESIGN THICKNESS, td = t + CA = 14.43 mm

∴ USED NOMINAL THICKNESS, T = 15 mm

---------------------------------------------------------------------
목차로 이동
■ NOZZLE NECK CALCULATION Design Data 목차로 이동

MARK (NO.) OF NOZZLE : N1, N2 (IN/OUTLET)

SIZE OF NOZZLE : 16 Inch
→ Pipe 두께 및 Schedule 표 보기
SIZE OF SCHEDULE : 40
(Stainless 의 경우 "10S" 와 같이 "S" 를 붙일것 )

** DESIGN DATA **
(SHELL) (NOZZLE)
MATERIAL SUS316L SUS316L
DESIGN PRESSURE P = 1.5 P = 1.5 kgf/cm2
DESIGN TEMPERTURE T = 100 T = 100 ℃
OUTSIDE DIA. OD = 1000 OD' = 406.4 mm
INSIDE RADIUS Rsi = 494 Rni = 190.5 mm
USED THICKNESS Ts = 6 Tn = 12.7 mm
STANDARD THICKNESS Tns = 9.5 mm
ALLOWABLE STRESS Ss = 12.023 Sn = 12.022 kgf/cm2 → 허용응력 값
JOINT EFFICIENCY Es = 1 En = 1
CORROSION ALLOWANCE CA1 = 0 CA2 = 0 mm

THE NOZZLE DOES NOT PASS THROUGH A VESSEL CATEGORY A JOINT. (UW-3)

1) REQUIRED THICKNESS OF NOZZLE NECK PLUS C.A., (UG-27(c)(1))

trn = P * Rni / (100 * Sn * En - 0.6 * P) + CA2 = 0.238 mm

2) AS PER UG-45(a)(1) & UG-27(c)(1)

(a) REQUIRED THICKNESS OF SHELL PLUS C.A.
trs = P * Rsi / (100 * Ss * Es - 0.6 * P) + CA1 = 0.617 mm
(b) SPECIFIED MIN. THICKNESS IN PARA UG-16(b) PLUS C.A.
tmin. = 1.6 + C.A. = 1.6 mm
(c) THE LARGER VALUE OF trs OR tmin., tr = 1.600 mm

3) STANDARD NOMINAL WALL THICKNESS LESS TOLERANCE

12.5% PLUS C.A., (UG-45(a)(2))
tns = 9.5 mm
ts = 0.875 * Tns + C.A. = 8.313 mm

4) THE SMALLER VALUE OF tr OR ts, tn = 1.600 mm

5) THE LARGER VALUE OF trn OR tn tu1 = 1.600 mm

6) REQUIRED TH'K
tu = tu1 / 0.875 = 1.829 mm

7) USED THICKNESS OF NOZZLE = 12.7 mm (OK)

■ REINFORCEMENT CALCULATION FOR NOZZLE

MARK (NO.) OF NOZZLE : N1, N2 (IN/OUTLET)

SIZE OF NOZZLE : 16 Inch

CORRECTION FACTOR F = 1
JOINT EFFICIENCY E1 = 1
STRESS REDUCTION FACTOR, fr1 = Sn/Ss = 1.00
fr2 = fr1 = 1.00
fr3 = lesser of Sn/Ss or Sp/Ss = 1.00
fr4 = Sp/Ss = 1.17
REQUIRED SHELL THICKNESS tr = 0.617 mm
ACTUAL SHELL TH'K (excl. tolerance) t = 6 mm
NOZZLE NECK INSIDE DIAMETER d = 381 mm
REQUIRED NOZZLE NECK THICKNESS trn = 0.238 mm
USED NOZZLE TH'K (excl. tolerance) tn = 12.7 mm
NOZZLE PROJECTION FROM INNER SURFACE h = 0 mm
USED PAD THICKNESS te = 6 mm
OUTSIDE DIA. OF PAD Dp = 780 mm
WIDTH OF REINFORCEMENT W = 186.8 mm
MATERIAL OF REONFORCEMENT PAD = A516-70
ALLOWABLE STRESS OF PAD Sp = 14.062 kgf/mm2
WHICHEVER IS GREATER, d or d/2+t+tn de = 381 mm
WHICHEVER IS SMALLER, te+2.5tn or 2.5*t h1 = 15 mm
WHICHEVER IS SMALLER, h or h1 h2 = 0 mm
AVAILABLE WIDTH FOR
REINFORCEMENT (SMALLER), 2*W or 2*de-(d+2*tn) B = 355.6 mm
OUTWARD NOZZLE WELD LEG L1 = 6 mm
OUTWARD PAD WELD LEG L2 = 4 mm
INWARD NOZZLE WELD LEG L3 = 0 mm

1) REQUIRED CROSS SECTIONAL

AREA OF REINFORCEMENT, Ar = {d*tr*F+2*tn*tr*(1-fr1)} = 234.995 mm2
AREA AVAILABLE IN SHELL, A1 = de*(E1*t-F*tr)-2*tn*(E1*t-F*tr)*(1-fr1)
= 2050.995 mm2
AREA AVAILABLE IN OUTWARD NOZZLE,
A2 = 2*h1*(tn - trn)*fr2 = 373.833 mm2
AREA AVAILABLE IN INWARD NOZZLE,
A3 = 2*h2*(tn - CA2)*fr2 = 0 mm2
AREA OF OUTWARD NOZZLE WELD, A41 = L12 * fr3 = 35.997006 mm2
AREA OF OUTWARD PAD WELD, A42 = L22 * fr4 = 18.713466 mm2
AREA OF INWARD NOZZLE WELD, A43 = L32 * fr2 = 0 mm2
AREA AVAILABLE IN PAD, A5 = te * B * fr4 = 2495.4 mm2

2) TOTAL AVAILABLE AREA OF REINFORCEMENT,

Aa = A1+A2+A3+A41+A42+A43+A5 = 4974.979 mm2 (OK)
----------------------------------------------------------------
** TOTAL AVAILABLE AREA OF REINFORCEMENT IS GREATER THAN REQUIRED AREA.

NOTE : When Dp is larger than 2*de, A42 is not available.

■ STRENGTH REINFORCEMENT FOR NOZZLE

MARK (NO.) OF NOZZLE : N1, N2 (IN/OUTLET)

SIZE OF NOZZLE : 16 Inch

1) LOAD CARRIED BY WELD (kg)

WI = (A5 + A2 + A41 + A42) * S = 41117.06
WII = (A2 + A3 + A41 + A43 + 2 * tn * t * fr1) * S = 6120.17
WIII = (A2 + A3 + A5 + A41 + A42 + A43 + 2 * tn * t * fr1) * S = 43259.93
WP = (Dp - d - 2 * tn) * te * Sp * fr4 = 36867.14
W = {Ar - (d - 2 * tn) * (Es * t - F * tr)} * S = -23614.01

2) UNIT STRESS (kg/mm2)

THE WEAKER OF THE MATERIAL, S = 14.062
FILLET WELD SHEAR, S1 = 0.49 * S = 6.8904
GROOVE WELD TENSION, S2 = 0.74 * S = 10.4059
GROOVE WELD SHEAR, S3 = 0.60 * S = 8.4372
NOZZLE WELD SHEAR, S4 = 0.70 * S = 9.8434

3) STRENGTH OF CONNECTION ELEMENT (kgf)

A = UPPER FILLET WELD SHEAR
= π/2 * NOZZLE O.D. * L1 * S1 = 26391.72
B = NOZZLE WALL SHEAR
= π/2 * MEAN NOZZLE DIA. * tn * S4 = 77309.66
C = LOWER GROOVE WELD TENSION
= π/2 * NOZZLE O.D. * t * S2 = 39856.88
D = OUTER FILLET WELD SHEAR
= π/2 * PAD O.D. * L2 * S1 = 33768.93
E = UPPER GROOVE WELD TENSION
= π/2 * NOZZLE O.D. * te * S2 = 39856.88
F = LOWER FILLET WELD SHEAR
= π/2 * NOZZLE O.D. * L3 * S1 = 0.00

4) POSSIBLE PATHS OF FAILURE

(1) THROUGH B AND D : B + D = 111078.59 > WI & W (OK)
(2) THROUGH C AND D : C + D + F = 73625.81 > WIII & W (OK)
(3) THROUGH A,E,C AND F : A + E + C + F = 106105.47 > WII (OK)
(4) STRENGTH OF D = 33768.93 > WP (NOT)

ALL OF PARTS ARE STRONGER THEN REQUIRED STRENGTH. (O.K)

→ 허용응력 값 보기
■ FLANGE CALCULATION (INTEGRAL RF TYPE) Design Data 목차로 이동
ITEM : COVER FLANGE
---------------- DESIGN DATA --------------------------------------------------------------------
DESIGN PRESSURE P = 1.5 kgf/cm2 FLANGE MATERIAL = A105
DESIGN TEMPERTURE T = 100 ℃ BOLT MATERIAL = A193 Gr.B7
---------------- FLANGE ALLOWABLE STRESS --------------------------------------------------------
AT DESIGN TEMP. Sfo = 14.062 kgf/mm2 AT ATM TEMP. Sfa = 14.062 kgf/mm2
---------------- BOLT ALLOWABLE STRESS ----------------------------------------------------------
AT DESIGN TEMP. So = 24.6 kgf/mm2 AT ATM TEMP. Sa = 24.6 kgf/mm2
---------------- GASKET -------------------------------------------------------------------------
GASKET MATERIAL = O-RING O.D. = 168.2 I.D. = 160
NORMAL WIDTH N = 4.1 mm ALLOW. STRESS y = 0.000 kgf/mm2
EFFECTIVE WIDTH b = 2.050 mm GASKET FACTOR m = 0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
H = 3.14*G2*P/400 = 317.2 kgf * RIB AREA OF GASKET
HP = (3.14*2b*G+RA)*m*P/100 = 0.0 kgf RA = 0 mm2
Wm1 = H + HP = 317.2 kgf
Wm2 = (3.14*b*G+RA/2)*y = 0.00 kgf
Am = LARGE OF Wm1/So OR Wm2/Sa = 12.90 mm2
Ab = 3.14*dB2*n/4 = 7251.57 mm2
W = 0.5*(Am+Ab)*Sa = 89352.9 kgf Nmin. < N
Nmin. = Ab*Sa/(2y*3.14*G) = 0.000 mm ∴ GASKET WIDTH = OK
---------------- MOMENT (OPERATING CONDITION) ---------------------------------------------------
HD = 3.14*B2*P/400 = 129.9 kgf hD = R+0.5*g1 = 47.5 mm
HG = HP = 0.0 kgf hG = 0.5*(C-G) = 22.95 mm
HT = H-HD = 187.36 kgf hT = 0.5(R+g1+hG)= 37.73 mm
MD = HD*hD = 6169.5 kgf-mm MT = HT*hT = 7068.2 kgf-mm
MG = HG*hG = 0.0 kgf-mm MO = MD+MG+MT = 13237.8 kgf-mm
---------------- MOMENT (GASKET SEATING CONDITION) ----------------------------------------------
HG = W = 89352.9 kgf hG = 0.5*(C-G) = 22.95 mm
Ma = HG*hG = 2050649.5 kgf-mm
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mmax. = Large of MO or Ma*sfo/sfa = 2050649.5 kgf-mm
B = 105 mm , G = 164.1 mm , C = 210 mm , A = 250 mm
BOLT DIMENSION : 8 U1-1/2 dB = 33.9724 mm , BOLT SPACE = 82.4667 mm
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CF = 1 : BSmax. = 2dB+6t/(m+0.5) = 739.9448 mm
M = Mmax.*CF = 2050649.5 kgf-mm
---------------- SHAPE CONSTANTS ----------------------------------------------------------------
K = A/B = 2.381 h/ho = 1.697 g0 = 10
Y = 2.378 g1/g0 = 1.000
T = 1.376 V = 0.547 h = R = 42.5 g1 = 10
Z = 1.428 f = 1 55
U = 2.613 F = 0.909
e = F/ho = 0.028 t = B = 105
d = U*ho*g0^2/V = 15476.26 56
ho = SQR(B*g0) = 32.404
****
L = (t*e+1)/T+t3/d = 13.216 1.6 G = 164.1
=========================================
ASSUMED THICKNESS = 56 8 U1-1/2 C = 210
GROOVE = 1.6
주주 )) U3/4,
U3/4, M20
M20 형태로
형태로 입력 입력
USED THICKNESS = 57.6 A = 250

=============== STRESS CALCULATION ==============================================================

SH = f*M/(L*g12*B) = 14.778 kgf/mm2 < 1.5*Sfo = 21.093 (OK)
SR = (1.33t*e+1)*M/(L*t *B)
2
= 1.455 kgf/mm2 < Sfo = 14.062 (OK)
ST = Y*M/(t2*B)-Z*SR = 12.729 kgf/mm2 < Sfo = 14.062 (OK)
Large of 0.5*(SH+ST) or 0.5*(SH+SR)= 13.754 kgf/mm2 < Sfo = 14.062 (OK)
■ FLANGE CALCULATION FOR CHANNEL COVER

---------------- DESIGN DATA --------------------------------------------------------------------

CHANNEL COVER MATERIAL = A105

DESIGN PRESSURE P = 1.5 kgf/cm2
DESIGN TEMPERTURE T = 100 ℃
ALLOWABLE STRESS S = 14.062 kgf/cm2
JOINT EFFICIENCY E = 1
FACTOR C = 0.3
CORROSION ALLOWANCE = 3 mm

MIN. REQUIRED BOLT LOAD (Operating Condition) Wm1 = 317.2 kgf

MIN. REQUIRED BOLT LOAD (Gasket Seating) W = 89352.9 kgf
DIAMETER (Loacation of Gasket Load Reaction) G = 164.10 mm
DISTANCE (Gasket Load Reaction to the Bolt Circle) hG = 22.950 mm

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. OPERATING CONDITION

T1 = G*SQR{C*P/(100*S*E)+1.9*Wm1*hG/(S*E*G3)}
= 3.823 mm

2. GASKET SEATING

T2 = G*SQR{1.9*W*hG/(S*E*G3)}
= 41.091 mm

∴ T1 > T2

CORROSION ALLOWANCE = 3 mm
DESIGN THICKNESS = 6.823 mm

USED THICKNESS T = 8 mm
============================================

* NOTE : Channel Covers are grooved, the depth of the groove may be consider
as available for corrosion allowance.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
→ 허용응력 값 보기

→ 가스켓 y 및 m 값 보
기

"(OK)"
"(OK)" 가 될때까지
될때까지 좌측 좌측 위
위
ASSEMED
ASSEMED THICKNESS(
THICKNESS( 가정두께
가정두께 )) 최
최
소값
소값 입력입력
■ FLANGE CALCULATION (OPTIONAL RF TYPE) Design Data 목차로 이동

---------------- DESIGN DATA --------------------------------------------------------------------

DESIGN PRESSURE P = 1.5 kgf/cm2 FLANGE MATERIAL = A266-4
DESIGN TEMPERTURE T = 100 ℃ BOLT MATERIAL = A193-B7
---------------- FLANGE ALLOWABLE STRESS --------------------------------------------------------
AT DESIGN TEMP. Sfo = 14.062 kgf/mm2 AT ATM TEMP. Sfa = 14.062 kgf/mm2
---------------- BOLT ALLOWABLE STRESS ----------------------------------------------------------
AT DESIGN TEMP. So = 17.577 kgf/mm2 AT ATM TEMP. Sa = 17.577 kgf/mm2
---------------- GASKET -------------------------------------------------------------------------
GASKET MATERIAL = NON ASBESTOS O.D. = 970 I.D. = 919
NORMAL WIDTH N = 25.5 mm ALLOW. STRESS y = 1.125 kgf/mm2 → 가스켓 y
EFFECTIVE WIDTH b = 8.998 mm GASKET FACTOR m = 2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
H = 3.14*G2*P/400 = 10677.2 kgf * RIB AREA OF GASKET
HP = (3.14*2b*G+RA)*m*P/100 = 2154.7 kgf RA = 18000 mm2
Wm1 = H + HP = 12831.9 kgf
Wm2 = (3.14*b*G+RA/2)*y = 40399.91 kgf
Am = LARGE OF Wm1/So OR Wm2/Sa = 2298.45 mm2
Ab = 3.14*dB2*n/4 = 6305.44 mm2
W = 0.5*(Am+Ab)*Sa = 75615.3 kgf
Nmin. = Ab*Sa/(2y*3.14*G) = 16.470 mm
Nmin. < N, ∴ GASKET WIDTH = OK

---------------- MOMENT (OPERATING CONDITION) ---------------------------------------------------

HD = 3.14*B2*P/400 = 9949.7 kgf hD = 0.5*(C-B) = 43 mm
HG = HP = 2154.7 kgf hG = 0.5*(C-G) = 26.50 mm
HT = H-HD = 727.49 kgf hT = 0.5*(hD+hG) = 34.75 mm
MD = HD*hD = 427838.9 kgf-mm MT = HT*hT = 25279.4 kgf-mm
MG = HG*hG = 57094.0 kgf-mm MO = MD+MG+MT = 510212.3 kgf-mm
---------------- MOMENT (GASKET SEATING CONDITION) ----------------------------------------------
HG = W = 75615.3 kgf hG = 0.5*(C-G) = 26.50 mm
Ma = HG*hG = 2003648.1 kgf-mm
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mmax. = Large of MO or Ma*sfo/sfa = 2003648.1 kgf-mm
B = 919 mm , G = 952.0 mm , C = 1005 mm , A = 1047 mm
BOLT DIMENSION : 28 M20 dB = 16.933 mm , BOLT SPACE = 112.7606 mm
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CF = 1 : BSmax. = 2dB+6T/(m+0.5) = 165.866 mm
M = Mmax.*CF = 2003648.1 kgf-mm
---------------- SHAPE CONSTANTS ----------------------------------------------------------------
K = A/B = 1.139 주
주 )) U3/4,
U3/4, M16
M16 형태로
형태로 입력
입력
Y = 14.925 28 M20 B = 919

t = SQR(Y*M/Sfo*B) = 48.104 mm
T =
========================================= 55
REQUIRED THICKNESS = 48.104 mm
****
GROOVE = 3 mm 3 G = 952.0
DESIGN THICKNESS = 51.104 mm
C = 1005
USED THICKNESS = 55 mm
========================================= A = 1047
■ FLANGE CALCULATION FOR CHANNEL COVER

---------------- DESIGN DATA --------------------------------------------------------------------

CHANNEL COVER MATERIAL = A266-4

DESIGN PRESSURE P = 1.5 kgf/cm2
DESIGN TEMPERTURE T = 100 ℃
ALLOWABLE STRESS S = 14.062 kgf/cm2
JOINT EFFICIENCY E = 1
FACTOR C = 0.3
CORROSION ALLOWANCE = 0 mm

MIN. REQUIRED BOLT LOAD (Operating Condition) Wm1 = 12831.9 kgf

MIN. REQUIRED BOLT LOAD (Gasket Seating) W = 75615.3 kgf
DIAMETER (Loacation of Gasket Load Reaction) G = 952.00 mm
DISTANCE (Gasket Load Reaction to the Bolt Circle) hG = 26.498 mm

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. OPERATING CONDITION

T1 = G*SQR{C*P/(100*S*E)+1.9*Wm1*hG/(S*E*G3)}
= 18.393 mm

2. GASKET SEATING

T2 = G*SQR{1.9*W*hG/(S*E*G3)}
= 16.863 mm

∴ T1 > T2

CORROSION ALLOWANCE = 0 mm
DESIGN THICKNESS = 18.393 mm

USED THICKNESS T = 50 mm
============================================

* NOTE : Channel Covers are grooved, the depth of the groove may be consider
as available for corrosion allowance.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 → 허용응력 값 보기

→ 가스켓 y 및 m 값 보기
■ LIFTING LUG CALCULATION Design Data 목차로 이동

** DESIGN DATA **

SHELL MATERIAL = SUS316L

PAD MATERIAL = A516-60
LUG MATERIAL = A516-60
EMPTY WEIGHT We = 440 kg
THICKNESS OF SHELL ts = 6 mm
THICKNESS OF LUG t = 20 mm
THICKNESS OF PAD tp = 20 mm
WELD THROAT AT LUG TO PAD J = 10 mm
LENGTH OF LUG AT BOTTOM L = 120 mm
LUG HOLE RADIUS d = 17.5 mm
LUG OUTSIDE RADIUS R = 40 mm
SHELL INSIDE RADIUS Rs = 494 mm
HEIGHT OF LUG HOLE h = 50 mm
ANGLE OF LUG HOLE α = 30 DEG.
ALLOWABLE STRESS OF LUG Sa = 11.67 kgf/mm2 → 허용응력 값 보기
ALLOWABLE STRESS OF SHELL Ss = 14.062 kgf/mm2
YIELD STRESS OF SHELL Sy = 22.5 kgf/mm2
NUMBER OF LIFTING n = 2
SLT = SMALLER OF 1.5*Sa OR 0.9*Sy = 17.505 kgf/mm2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VV PP
tt
RR
AA

HH
dd
hh JJ
tp
h

LL

1. CONSIDERING DYNAMIC EFFECT., W

W = 1.5 * We = 660 kg
V = W / n = 330.0 kg
P = V / SIN α = 660.0 kg
H = V / TAN α = 571.6 kg
■ LIFTING LUG CALCULATION Design Data 목차로 이동
2. LUG DESIGN

1) SHEAR STRESS AT TOP OF LUG

A = t * (R - d / 2) = 625 mm2

S1 = W / (2 * A) = 0.528 kg/mm2

2) STRESS AT LUG TO SHELL JUNCTION

i) BENDING STRESS DUE TO H

ML = H * h = 28578.8 kg/mm2

S2 = 3 * ML / (L * L * J) = 0.595 kg/mm2

ii) NORMAL STRESS DUE TO V

S3 = V / {2 * J * (L + t)} = 0.118 kg/mm2

iii) SHEAR STRESS DUE TO H

S4 = H / {2 * J * (L + t)} = 0.204 kg/mm2

3) COMBINED STRESS

S1 = 0.528 kg/mm2 < 0.8 * SLT = 14.004 kg/mm2 (OK)

S5 = SQR ((S2 + S3)2 + S4) = = 0.844 kg/mm2

S5 = 0.844 kg/mm2 < 0.55 * SLT = 9.628 kg/mm2 (OK)

3. SHELL STRESS

1) LINE LOAD

f1 = 6 * ML / (L * L) = 11.908 kg/mm

f2 = V / L = 2.750 kg/mm

2) LOAD STRESS

SL = 1.17 * SQR {(Rs * (ts + tp)} * (f1 + 1.5 * f2) / (ts + tp)2

= 3.145 kg/mm2 < 2 * Ss = 28.124 kg/mm2 (OK)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
■ VOLUME CALCULATION Design Data 목차로 이동
DRAWING

t I.D. 988
6
* SHELL
692 INSIDE DIA. D = 988 mm
THIKNESS t = 6 mm

* IN/OUT NOZZLE
SIZE = 16
OUT DIA. Dn = 406.4 mm
USED TH'K Tn = 12.7 mm

1400

CALCULATION

1. SHELL

V1 = (π*D2/4) * L = 0.53053 M3

2. 2:1 ELLIP. HEAD

V2 = 2 * (π*D3/24) = 0.25249 M3

3. IN/OUT NOZZLE

V3 = (π*D2/4) * Ln = 0.04932 M3

TOTAL VOLUME

TOTAL VOLUME V = V1 + V2 + V3 = 0.832 M3

■ WEIGHT FOR PRESSURE VESSEL Design Data 목차로 이동
중량계산은 여기를 클릭하세요 .
1. EMPTY WEIGHT (SHELL/HEAD 계산 후 실행할 것 )

PART NAME WEIGHT (kg) REMARKS

SHELL 101.8

HEAD 88.1

IN/OUT PIPE, FLANGE & REIN. PAD 167.9

GIRTH FLANGE 0.0

COVER FLANGE 0.0

MANHOLE & MANHOLE FLANGE 0.0

SUPPORT LEG 39.8

OTHERS 39.8

SUB TOTAL (APPROX. WEIGHT) 440

2. OPERATING WEIGHT

PART NAME WEIGHT (kg) REMARKS

LIQUID 200 = 유체의 비중 x Volume

UNIT TOTAL 640.0

3. FULL OF WATER

PART NAME WEIGHT (kg) REMARKS

VOLUME 0.83 M3

FULL WATER 830

UNIT TOTAL 1270

요.
할 것)
■ WEIGHT CALCULATION Design Data WEIGHT 표 목차로 이동
NO. PART 구분 치수 단위 비중 단위중량 수량 WEIGHT (kg)
1 SHELL 내경 988 mm
두께 6 mm 7.85 101.8 1 101.8
길이(TL to TL) 692 mm
2 2:1 ELLIP. HEAD 내경, D 988 mm
7.85 44.1 2 88.1
두께, t 6 mm
3 UNSTAYED FLAT 내경 988 mm
7.85 90.3 0 0.0
HEAD 두께 15 mm
4 IN/OUT NOZZLE FLANGE - - - 42.18 2 84.4
PIPE 길이 412 mm 7.85 50.8 1 50.8
5 REIN. PAD 외경 780 mm
(for IN/OUT) 내경 407 mm 7.85 16.4 2 32.8
두께 6 mm
6 MANHOLE FLANGE - - - 55 0 0.0
PIPE - - - 0 0 0.0
7 GIRTH FLANGE 표준 - - - 200 0 0.0
8 COVER FLANGE 표준 - - - 100 0 0.0
9 GIRTH FLANGE 외경 482.6 mm
(Special) 내경 327.152 mm
BOLT HOLT 수량 12 EA 7.85 16.02 0 0.0
BOLT HOLT 지름 25.4 mm
두께 22 mm
10 COVER FLANGE 외경 482.6 mm
(Special) BOLT HOLT 수량 12 EA
7.85 30.54 0 0.0
BOLT HOLT 지름 25.4 mm
두께 22 mm
11 SUPPORT LEG L40x40x5 0 M - 2.95 - 0.0
L50x50x6 0 M - 4.43 - 0.0
L65x65x8 0 M - 7.66 - 0.0
L75x75x9 4 M - 9.96 - 39.8
L90x90x13 0 M - 17 - 0.0
L100x100x13 0 M - 19.1 - 0.0
L130x130x15 0 M - 28.8 - 0.0
L150x150x15 0 M - 33.6 - 0.0
기타 0.0
Sub-Total 39.8
12 기타

Sub-Total 0.0
■ MAX. ALLOWABLE STRESS for MATERIAL Design Data 목차로 이동
MAX. ALLOWABLE STRESS ( kgf/cm2)
NO. MATERIAL -20 ~ 100 ℉ 150 ℉ 200 ℉ 300 ℉ 400 ℉
(-28.9~37.8℃) (65.6 ℃) (93.3 ℃) (148.9 ℃) (204.4 ℃)
1 A516-60 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3
2 A516-70 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2
3 A53-B(S) 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3 -
4 A53-B(E) 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3 -
5 A234-WPB 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3
6 A106-B 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3 1202.3
7 A105 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2
8 A216-WCB,A266+4 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2
9 A350-LF2 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2 1406.2
10 A283-C 1103.8 1103.8 1103.8 1103.8 1103.8
11 A36 1167.1 1167.1 1167.1 1167.1 1167.1
12 A240-304
13 A182-F304 1406.2 - 1174.2 1054.6 970.3
14 A312-TP304(S)
15 A240-316
16 A182-F316 1406.2 - 1216.4 1096.8 1005.4
17 A312-TP316(S)
18 A240-304L
19 A182-F304L 1174.2 - 1005.4 900 822.6
20 A312-TP304L(S)
21 A240-316L
22 A182-F316L 1174.2 - 998.4 892.9 822.6
23 A312-TP316L(S)

24 A193-B7 ;
OVER 4" 1757.7 - 1638.2 1574.9 1532.7
2½"~ 4" incl. 2221.8 - 2074.1 1996.8 1926.5
2½" and under 2460.8 - 2292.1 2207.7 2144.4
25 A193-B8 703.1 - 583.6 527.3 485.1
26 A193-B8M 703.1 - 604.7 548.4 506.2

ASME SEC.II Part D, 1998 AD.

■ BOLT dB & GASKET FACTOR/SEATING STRESS Design Data 목차로 이동
SEATING STRESS (y)
NO. BOLT SIZE dB (mm) GASKET GASKET FACTOR (m)
kgf/cm2
1 1/2 10.1736 V#1500 ASBESTOS 2 1.125
2 5/8 12.8814 V#6591 OR 6596 3 7.031
3 3/4 15.7504 O-RING 0 0
4 7/8 18.552
5 1 21.2747
6 1 1/8 24.4542
7 1 1/4 27.6246
8 1 3/8 30.802
9 1 1/2 33.9724
10 1 5/8 37.1486
11 1 3/4 40.3293
12 1 7/8 43.5041
13 M12 9.8525
14 M16 13.546
15 M18 15.259
16 M20 16.933
17 M22 18.933
18 M24 20.319
19 M27 23.319
20 M30 25.706

BOLT dB = 16.933 Err:504 33.9724

BOLT SIZE = U1/2 ~ U1 1/8 :0 Err:504 0

BOLT SIZE = U1 1/4 ~ U1 7/8 : 0 Err:504 33.9724
BOLT SIZE = M12 ~ M30 : 16.933 Err:504 0
0 0 0
1. NOZZLE 계산
DATA 1/2"~1 1/2" 2"~8" 10"~22" 24",26" 30"
PIPE OD 406.4 0 0 406.4 0 0
PIPE TH'K (STD) 9.5 0 0 9.5 0 0
PIPE TH'K (STD) 0 0 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.20) 0 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.30) 0 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.40) 12.7 0 0 12.7 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.80) 0 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.100) 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.120) 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.160) 0 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.XS) 0 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.XXS) 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.10S) 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.20S) 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.40S) 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SCH.80S) 0 0 0 0
PIPE TH'K (SGP) 0 0 0 0

PIPE SIZE = 16 Inch SCHEDULE = 40

PIPE OUT DIA. OD = 406.4
PIPE STANDARD TH'K = 9.5
PIPE USED TH'K = 12.7

2. CYLIND. SHELL (PIPE) 계산

DATA 1/2"~1 1/2" 2"~8" 10"~22" 24",26" 30"
PIPE OD ### ### ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (STD) ### ### ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (STD) ### ### ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.20) ### ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.30) ### ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.40) ### ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.80) ### ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.100) ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.120) ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.160) ### ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.XS) ### ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.XXS) ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.10S) ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.20S) ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.40S) ### ### ### ###
PIPE TH'K (SCH.80S) ### ### ### ###
 PIPE TH'K (SGP) ### ### ### ###

PIPE SIZE = ### Inch SCHEDULE = ###

PIPE OUT DIA. OD = ###
PIPE STANDARD TH'K = ###
PIPE USED TH'K = ###

3. PAD OD 계산
0 0 780 = 780
A = (g1/g0)-1 = 0.0000000
C = 43.68*(h/h0)^4 = ###
C1 = 1/3 + A/12 = 0.3333333
C2 = 5/42 + 17A/336 = 0.1190476
C3 = 1/210 + A/360 = 0.0047619
C4 = 11/360 + 59A/5040 + (1 + 3A)/C = 0.0333139
C5 = 1/90 + 5A/1008 - (1+A)^3/C = 0.0083528
C6 = 1/120 + 17A/5040 + 1/C = 0.0110917
C7 = 215/2772 + 51A/1232 + (60/7 + 225A/14 + 75A^2/7 + 5A^3/2)/C = 0.1012041
C8 = 31/6930 + 128A/45045 + (6/7 + 15A/7 + 12A^2/7 + 5A^3/11)/C = 0.0068376
C9 = 533/30240 + 653A/73920 + (1/2 + 33A/14 + 39A^2/28 + 25A^3/84)/C = 0.0190048
C10 = 29/3780 + 3A/704 - (1/2 + 33A/14 + 81A^2/28 + 13A^3/12)/C = 0.0062928
C11 = 31/6048 + 1763A/665280 + (1/2 + 6A/7 + 15A^2/28 + 5A^3/42)/C = 0.0065048
C12 = 1/2925 + 71A/300300 + (8/35 + 18A/35 + 156A^2/385 + 6A^3/55)/C = 0.0009724
C13 = 761/831600 + 937A/1663200 + (1/35 + 6A/35 + 11A^2/70 +3A^3/70)/C = 0.0009939
C14 = 197/415800 + 103A/332640 - (1/35 + 6A/35 + 17A^2/70 + A^3/10)/C = 0.0003950
C15 = 233/831600 + 97A/554400 + (1/35 + 3A/35 + A^2/14 + 2A^3/105)/C = 0.0003590
C16 = C1*C7*C12 + C2*C8*C3 + C3*C8*C2 - (C3^2*C7 + C8^2*C1 + C2^2*C12) = 0.0000089
C17 = [C4*C7*C12 + C2*C8*C13 + C3*C8*C9 - (C13*C7*C3 + C8^2*C4 + C12*C2*C9)]/C16 = 0.0528060
C18 = [C5*C7*C12 + C2*C8*C14 + C3*C8*C10 - (C14*C7*C3 + C8^2*C5 + C12*C2*C10)]/C16 = 0.0043930
C19 = [C6*C7*C12 + C2*C8*C15 +C3*C8*C11 - (C15*C7*C3 + C8^2*C6 + C12*C2*C11)]/C16 = 0.0169714
C20 = [C1*C9*C12 + C4*C8*C3 + C3*C13*C2 - (C3^2*C9 + C13*C8*C1 + C12*C4*C2)]/C16 = 0.1411357
C21 = [C1*C10*C12 + C5*C8*C3 + C3 *C14*C2 - (C3^2*C10 + C14*C8*C1 + C12*C5*C2)]/C1 = 0.0590987
C22 = [C1*C11*C12 + C6*C8*C3 + C3*C15*C2 - (C3^2*C11 + C15*C8*C1 + C12*C6*C2)]/C16 = 0.0475937
C23 = [C1*C7*C13 + C2*C9*C3 + C4*C8*C2 - (C3*C7*C4 + C8*C9*C1 + C2^2*C13)]/C16 = -0.2288995
C24 = [C1*C7*C14 + C2*C10*C3 + C5*C8*C2 - (C3*C7*C5 + C8*C10*C1 + C2^2*C14)]/C16 = -0.0308885
C25 = [C1*C7*C15 + C2*C11*C3 + C6*C8*C2 - (C3*C7*C6 + C8*C11*C1 + C2^2*C15)]/C16 = -0.0485936
C26 = -(C/4)^(1/4) = -3.0854868
C27 = C20 - C17 - 5/12 + C17*C26 = -0.4912693
C28 = C22 - C19 - 1/12 + C19*C26 = -0.1050761
C29 = -(C/4)^0.5 = -9.5202291
C30 = -(C/4)^(3/4) = ###
C31 = 3A/2 - C17*C30 = 1.5511528
C32 = 1/2 - C19*C30 = 0.9985272
C33 = 0.5C26*C32 + C28*C31*C29 - (0.5C30*C28 + C32*C27*C29) = -6.2021671
C34 = 1/12 + C18 - C21 - C18*C26 = 0.0421821
C35 = -C18(C/4)^(3/4) = -0.1290413
C36 = (C28*C35*C29 - C32*C34*C29)/C33 = -0.0438404
C37 = [0.5C26*C35 + C34*C31*C29 - (0.5C30*C34 + C35*C27*C29)]/C33 = -0.1288624
E1 = C17*C36 + C18 + C19*C37 = -0.0001090
E2 = C20*C36 + C21 + C22*C37 = 0.0467782
E3 = C23*C36 + C24 + C25*C37 = -0.0145916
E4 = 1/4 + C37/12 + C36/4 - E3/5 - 3E2/2 - E1 = 0.1611615
E5 = E1(1/2 + A/6) + E2(1/4 + 11A/84) + E3(1/70 + A/105) = 0.0114316
E6 = E5 - C36(7/120 + A/36 + 3A/C) - 1/40 - A/72 -C37(1/60 + A/120 + 1/C) = -0.0085079
■ PIPE THICKNESS 목차로 이동 (UNIT : mm)
Carbon Steel Stainless Steel
Size Outside Dia. SIZE
Schedule No. Weight Designation Schedule No. SGP
(inch)
ANSI JIS 10 20 30 40 60 80 100 120 160 STD. X-Stg. XX-Stg. 10S 20S 40S 80S Inch mm
3/8 17.1 17.3 - 2.3 3.2 2.3 3.2 1.7 2.0 2.3 3.2 2.3 3/8 10
1/2 21.3 21.7 - - - 2.8 - 3.7 - - 4.7 2.8 3.7 7.5 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.7 2.8 1/2 15
3/4 26.7 27.2 - - - 2.9 - 3.9 - - 5.5 2.9 3.9 7.8 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.9 2.8 3/4 20
1 33.4 34.0 - - - 3.4 - 4.5 - - 6.4 3.4 4.5 9.1 2.8 3.0 3.4 4.6 3.2 1 25
1 1/4 42.2 42.7 - - - 3.6 - 4.9 - - 6.4 3.6 4.9 9.7 2.8 3.0 3.6 4.9 3.5 1 1/4 32
1 1/2 48.3 48.6 - - - 3.7 - 5.1 - - 7.1 3.7 5.1 10.2 2.8 3.0 3.7 5.1 3.5 1 1/2 40
2 60.3 60.5 - - - 3.9 - 5.5 - - 8.7 3.9 5.5 11.1 2.8 3.5 3.9 5.5 3.8 2 50
2 1/2 73.0 76.3 - - - 5.2 - 7.0 - - 9.5 5.2 7.0 14.0 3.0 3.5 5.2 7.0 4.2 2 1/2 65
3 88.9 89.1 - - - 5.5 - 7.6 - - 11.1 5.5 7.6 15.2 3.0 4.0 5.5 7.6 4.2 3 80
3 1/2 101.6 101.6 - - - 5.7 - 8.1 - - 5.7 8.1 16.2 3.0 4.0 5.8 8.1 4.2 3 1/2 90
4 114.3 114.3 - - - 6.0 - 8.6 - 11.1 13.5 6.0 8.6 17.1 3.0 4.0 6.0 8.6 4.5 4 100
5 141.3 139.8 - - - 6.6 - 9.5 - 12.7 15.9 6.6 9.5 19.1 3.4 5.0 6.6 9.5 4.5 5 125
6 168.3 165.2 - - - 7.1 - 11.0 - 14.3 18.2 7.1 11.0 21.9 3.4 5.6 7.1 11.0 5.0 6 150
8 219.1 216.3 - 6.4 7.0 8.2 10.3 12.7 15.1 18.2 23.0 8.2 12.7 22.2 4.0 6.5 8.2 12.7 5.8 8 200
10 273.1 267.4 - 6.4 7.8 9.3 12.7 15.1 18.2 21.4 28.6 9.3 12.7 25.4 4.0 6.5 9.3 12.7 6.6 10 250
12 323.9 318.5 - 6.4 8.4 10.3 14.3 17.4 21.4 25.4 33.3 9.5 12.7 25.4 4.5 6.5 9.5 12.7 6.9 12 300
14 355.6 355.6 6.4 7.9 9.5 11.1 15.1 19.0 23.8 27.8 35.7 9.5 12.7 - - - - - 7.9 14 350
16 406.4 406.4 6.4 7.9 9.5 12.7 16.7 21.4 26.2 30.9 40.5 9.5 12.7 - - - - - 7.9 16 400
18 457.2 457.2 6.4 7.9 11.1 14.3 19.1 23.8 29.4 34.9 45.2 9.5 12.7 - - - - - - 18 450
20 508.0 508.0 6.4 9.5 12.7 15.1 20.6 26.2 32.5 38.1 50.0 9.5 12.7 - - - - - - 20 500
22 558.8 558.8 6.4 9.5 15.9 28.6 54.0 9.5 12.7 - - - - - - 22 550
24 609.6 609.6 6.4 9.5 14.3 17.5 24.6 31.0 38.9 46.0 59.5 9.5 12.7 - - - - - - 24 600
26 660.4 660.4 6.4 9.5 - 18.9 - 34.0 - - 64.2 9.5 12.7 - - - - - - 26 650
30 762.0 7.9 12.7 15.9 - - - - - - 9.5 12.7 - - - - - - 30 750
■ MATERIAL LIST (ASME SEC.II, Part A) 목차로 이동
Steel Pipe
SA-53 Pipe, Steel Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated Welded and Seamless
SA-106 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-134 Pipe, Steel, Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded Steel Pipe
SA-135 Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe
SA-312 Seamless & Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
SA-333 Seamless & Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Service
SA-335 Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-358 Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temp. Service
SA-369 Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-376 Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Central-Station Service
SA-409 Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-Temperature Service
SA-426 Centrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-430 Austenitic Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-451 Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-452 Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Cold-Wrought Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-524 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperature
SA-530 General Requirements for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
SA-587 Electric-Welded Low-Carbon Steel Pipe for the Chemical Industry
SA-660 Centrifugally Cast Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-671 Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures
SA-672 Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for High-Pressure Service at Moderate Temperatures
SA-691 Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded for High-Pressure Service at High Temp.
SA-727 Forging, Carbon Steel, for Piping Components With Inherent Notch Toughness
SA-731 Seamless and Welded Ferritic, Martensitic Stainless Steel Pipe
SA-790 Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
SA-813 Single- or Double-Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
SA-814 Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe

Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts

SA-105 Forgings, Carbon Steel, for Piping Components
SA-181 Forgings, Carbon Steel, for General-Purpose Piping
SA-182 Forged or Rolled Alloy Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High
Temperature Service
SA-216 Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding for High-Temperature Service
SA-217 Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure Containing Parts Suitable for High
Temperature Service
SA-232 Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Valve Spring Quality Wire
SA-234 Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy for Moderate and Elevated Temperature
SA-350 Forgings, Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing for Piping Components
SA-351 Steel Castings, Austenitic, for High-Temperature Service
SA-352 Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature
Service
SA-403 Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fitting
SA-420 Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service
SA-522 Forged or Rolled 8 and 9% Nickel Alloy Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts for Low
 Temperature Service
SA-592 High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel Forged Fittings and Parts for Pressure
Vessels
SA-815 Wrought Ferritic, Ferritic / Austenitic, and Martensitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
SA-905 Steel Wire, Pressure Vessel Winding

Steel Plates, Sheets, and Strip for Pressure Vessels

SA-20 General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
SA-202 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-Manganese-Silicon
SA-203 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Nickel
SA-204 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Molybdenum
SA-225 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Vanadium-Nickel
SA-240 Heat-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for
Pressure Vessels
SA-263 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium Steel Clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip
SA-264 Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel Clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip
SA-265 Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy Clad Steel Plate
SA-285 Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Low- and Intermediate-Tensile Strength
SA-299 Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-Silicon
SA-302 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Molybdenum and Manganese-Molybdenum-Nickel
SA-353 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, 9% Nickel, Double-Normalized and Tempered
SA-387 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-Molybdenum
SA-414 Steel Sheet Carbon for Pressure Vessels
SA-455 Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, High-Strength Manganese
SA-480 General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
SA-515 Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Intermediate- and Higher-Temperature Service
SA-516 Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service
SA-517 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, High Strength, Quenched and Tempered
SA-533 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered, Manganese-Molybdenum and
Manganese-Molybdenum-Nickel
SA-537 Pressure Vessel Plates, Heat-Treated, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel
SA-542 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered, Chromium-Molybdenum and
Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium
SA-543 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum
SA-553 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered, 8 and 9% Nickel
SA-562 Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-Titanium for Glass or Diffused Metallic Coatings
SA-612 Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, High Strength, for Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service
SA-620 Steel Sheet, Carbon, Drawing Quality, Special Killed, Cold-Rolled
SA-645 Pressure Vessel Plates, 5% Nickel Alloy Steel, Specially Heat Treated
SA-662 Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon-Manganese, for Moderate- and Lower Temperature Service
SA-666 Austenitic Stainless Steel, Sheets, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar
SA-693 Precipitation Hardening Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
SA-724 Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Quenched and Tempered, for Welded Layered Pressure
Vessels
SA-736 Pressure Vessel Plates, Low-Carbon Age-Hardening Nickel-Copper-Chromium-Molybdenum-
Columbium and Nickel-Copper-Manganese-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy Steel
SA-737 Pressure Vessel Plates, High-Strength, Low-Alloy Steel
SA-738 Pressure Vessel Plates, Heat-Treated, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel, for Moderate- and
Lower-Temperature Service
SA-770 Through-Thickness Tension Testing of Steel Plates for Special Applications
SA-812 Steel Sheet, High-Strength, Low-Alloy Hot-Rolled, for Welded Layered Pressure Vessel
SA-832 Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium
SA-841 Steel Plated for Pressure Vessels, Produced by the Thermo-Mechanical Control Process

Structural Steel
SA-6 General Requirements for Rolled Plates, Shapes, Sheet Piling, and Bars for Structural Use
SA-36 Structural Steel
SA-283 Low- and Intermediate-Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plate

Steel Bars
SA-6 General Requirements for Rolled Plates, Shapes, Sheet Piling, and Bars for Structural Use
SA-29 General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought and Cold-Finished
SA-311 Steel Bars, Carbon, Stress-Relieved Cold-Drawn, Subject to Mechanical Property Requirements
SA-479 Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels
SA-484 General Requirements for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Bars, Billets, and Forgings
SA-564 Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Bars and Shapes
SA-638 Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-
Temperature Service
SA-675 Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical Properties
SA-695 Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, for Fluid Power Applications
SA-696 Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished, Special Quality, for Pressure Piping Components
SA-739 Steel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Wrought, for Elevated Temperature or Pressure Containing Parts, or Both

Steel Bolting Materials

SA-193 Alloy Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service
SA-194 Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure and High-Temperature Service
SA-307 Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60,000 Psi Tensile Strength
SA-320 Alloy Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service
SA-325 Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 Ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
SA-354 Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners
SA-437 Alloy Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for High-Temperature Service
SA-449 Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and Studs
SA-453 Bolting Materials, High Temperature, 50 to 120 ksi Yield Strength, with Expansion Coefficients
Comparable to Austenitic Steel
SA-540 Alloy Steel Bolting Material for Special Applications
SA-563 Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
SA-574 Alloy Steel Socket-Head Screws
SA-568 Carbon and Alloy Steel Externally Threaded Metric Fasteners

Steel Billets and Forgings

SA-105 Forgings, Carbon Steel, for Piping Components
SA-181 Forgings, Carbon Steel, for General-Purpose Piping
SA-266 Forgings, Carbon Steel, for Pressure Vessel Components
SA-336 Alloy, Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts
SA-350 Forgings, Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing for Piping Components
SA-372 Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels
SA-484 General Requirements for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Bars, Billets, and Forgings
SA-508 Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel
SA-541 Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components
SA-638 Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-
Temperature Service
SA-649 Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Paper Machinery
SA-705 Age-Hardening Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Forgings
SA-723 Alloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pressure Component Application
SA-745 Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings
SA-765 Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure Vessel Component Forgings With Mandatory
Toughness Requirements
SA-788 Steel Forgings, General Requirements
SA-836 Forgings, Titanium Stabilized Carbon Steel for Glass-Lined Piping and Pressure Vessel Service

Steel Castings
SA-216 Steel Casting, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding for High-Temperature Service
SA-217 Steel Casting, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure Containing Parts Suitable for
High-Temperature Service
SA-351 Steel Casting, Austenitic, austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure Containing Parts
SA-352 Steel Casting, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure Containing Parts Suitable for Low-
Temperature Service
SA-487 Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service
SA-494 Castings, Nickel and nickel Alloy
SA-609 Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Martensitic Stainless Steel, Ultrasonic Examination Thereof
SA-667 Centrifugally Cast Dual Metal (Gray and White Cast Iron) Cylinders
SA-703 Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure Containing Parts
SA-747 Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel Castings
SA-781 Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements for General Industrial Use

Corrosion-Resisting and Heat-Resisting Steels

SA-182 Forges or Rolled Alloy Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-
Temperature Service
SA-193 Alloy Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service
SA-194 Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure and High-Temperature Service
SA-213 Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat Exchanger Tubes
SA-216 Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding for High-Temperature Service
SA-217 Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure Containing Parts Suitable for
High-Temperature Service
SA-240 Heat-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for
Pressure Vessels
SA-249 Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat Exchanger, and Condenser Tubes
SA-263 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium Steel Clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip
SA-264 Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel Clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip
SA-265 Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy Clad Steel Plate
SA-268 Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service
SA-312 Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
SA-320 Alloy Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service
SA-336 Alloy, Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature parts
SA-351 Steel Castings, Austenitic, for High-Temperature Service
SA-358 Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-369 Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-376 Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Central-Station Service
SA-403 Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
SA-409 Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-Temperature Service
SA-426 Centrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-430 Austenitic Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-437 Alloy Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for High-Temperature Service
SA-451 Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-452 Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Cold-Wrought Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-479 Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and other Pressure Vessels
SA-484 General Requirements for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Bars, Billets, and Forgings
SA-515 Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Intermediate- and Higher-Temperature Service
SA-564 Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Bars and Shapes
SA-638 Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High Temp.
Service
SA-660 Centrifugally Cast Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
SA-666 Austenitic Stainless Steel, Sheet, Strip, Plate and Flat Bar
SA-691 Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded for High-Pressure service at High-Temperature
SA-705 Age-Hardening Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Forgings
SA-789 Seamless and Welded Ferritic / Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service
SA-790 Seamless and Welded Ferritic / Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
SA-814 Cold-Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
SA-815 Wrought Ferritic, Ferritic / Austenitic, and Martensitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings

Steel Tubes
SA-178 Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-Manganese Steel Boiler Tubes
SA-179 Seamless Cold -Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat Exchanger and Condenser Tube
SA-192 Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High-Pressure Service
SA-199 Seamless Cold -Drawn Intermediate Alloy Steel Heat Exchanger and Condenser Tube
SA-209 Seamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
SA-210 Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
SA-213 Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat Exchanger Tubes
SA-214 Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
SA-226 Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes for High Pressure Service
SA-249 Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat Exchanger, and Condenser Tubes
SA-250 Electric-Resistance-Welded Ferritic Alloy Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
SA-268 Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service
SA-334 Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Tubes for Low-Temperature Service
SA-423 Seamless and Electric Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes
SA-450 General Requirements for Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes
SA-556 Seamless Cold-Drawn Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes
SA-557 Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes
SA-688 Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes
SA-789 Seamless and Welded Ferritic / Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service
SA-803 Welded Ferritic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes

Wrought Iron, Cast Iron, and Malleable Iron

SA-47 Ferritic Malleable Iron Castings
SA-278 Gray Iron Castings for Pressure Containing Parts for Temperatures Up to 650℉
SA-395 Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
SA-476 Ductile Iron Castings for Paper Mill Dryer Rolls
SA-748 Statically Cast Chilled White Iron-Gray Iron Dual Metal Rolls for Pressure Vessel Use
SA-834 Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use

Methods
SA-275 Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings
SA-370 Test Methods and Definition for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
SA-388 Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel Forgings
SA-435 Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Plates
SA-577 Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Examination of Steel Plate
SA-578 Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plate for Special Applications
SA-745 Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings
SA-751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
■ 강도계산 프로그램 사용안내 목차로 이동

1. 일반사항
1) 문서열기
-. 문서열기에서 반드시 "열기(매크로 포함)"을 선택하여야 한다.
2) 항목이동
-. 목차에서 계산하고자 하는 항목에 마우스 포인트를 놓고 한번만 클릭하면 화면이
자동으로 이동된다.
-. 각 계산시트의 상단우측 "목차로 이동" 등을 클릭하면 해당 항목으로 이동할 수 있다.

3) 데이터 입력
-. Data의 입력은 반드시 적색 또는 청색 글씨부분만 입력한다.
(다른 부분 즉, 검정색 부분은 수정 및 삭제를 하지 않아야 한다.)
-. 적색부분은 데이터를 반드시 수정 입력 해야 할 부분이며, 청색은 일반적 Data이며 필요할
경우에만 입력하는 부분을 의미한다.

2. 강도계산
-. Code (규격)는 ASME Sec.Ⅷ Div.1을 적용한다.
-. 먼저 DESIGN DATA를 입력하고 각 강도계산을 실행한다.
-. Pipe의 크기는 인치규격으로 1, 1 1/2, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, ....등의 방법으로 입력한다.
-. 각 계산식들은 Design Data, Shell 두께계산 등 모두 연결되어 있으므로 병행하여 계산을
실행하여야 한다.
-. 강도계산을 실행하면서 허용응력값, PIPE 두께, GASKET FACTOR 등을 볼 수 있다.
-. 기타 강도계산 방법은 강도계산 전문가 또는 프로그램 개발자에게 문의바람.
 강도계산 프로그램

최초발행일자 : 1999년 10월 5일

개 정 일 자 : 2003년 7월 8일

VER. NO. : CAL-ST2003

홈 페 이 지 : http://pipeline.wo.to

저 작 권 자 : 이 채득

주) 1. 본 파일의 내용을 무단복제 및 무단배포 할 수 없으며, 저작권은 파이프라인과

버스여행에 있습니다. (문서번호 및 판매관리를 하고 있음)
2. 본 자료에 수록된 내용에 대하여 별도의 책임은 지지 않습니다.