sagani : istoriis filosofia

Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti, humanitarul mecnierebaTa fakulteti, filosofiis saswavlo-

samecniero instituti.

bakalavriati

leqtori mamuka doliZe

Semodgomis semestri 2020 w.

3 leqcia

drois istoria. drois metafizika.

wina leqciaSi Catarebuli “didi afeTqebis Teoriis” kritika TvalnaTliv gviCvenebs, rom
kosmiur movlenaTa Tavisufleba da indeterminizmi aucilebeli pirobaa samyaros
istoriulobisTvis. samyaro droSi mimdinareobs. mas ar eqneba istoriuli ganviTareba Tuki ar
eqna azri TviTon drois istorias. Ees ki niSnavs, rom Tavisufleba da indeterminizmi upirvelesad
drois dinebas axasiaTebs. aqedan vrceldeba progresis miznobrivi intencia samyaroze. gamodis,
rom awmyo calsaxad ar gamomdinareobs warsulidan, xolo momavali ar aris mizezobrivad
gansazRvruli awmyodan. drois am gansxvavebul fazebs Soris urTierTgamomdinareobis
Tavisufali, arakauzaluri mimarTebaa, rac sxvaTa Soris, adasturebs fridrix nicSes ideas, rom
momavlis ganWvreta mxolod filosofiuri-mxatvruli intuiciis gziT aris SesaZlebeli da ara awmyo
movlenaTa mecnieruli analiziT.

“awmyo Sobili warsulisagan aris mSobeli momavalisa” es epigrafi ilia WavWavaZis

leqsze – “qarTlis dedas”, aris poeturi Tqma da ara deterministuli gamomdinareobis aRiareba
JamTa cvalebadobis mimarT.

amrigad drois istoria mxolod im SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli, Tuki mimdinare dros raRac
TviTmyofadi, TavisTavadi, metafizikuri idumaleba da kreaciuli sawyisi aqvs sakuTar TavSi,
romlis fonzec gardasul, fizikur dros ekargeba realuri arsebobis sazrisi.

JamTa trialis aseTma metafizikurma interpretaciam SeiZleba drois uaryofamdec

migviyvanos.

marTlac, aristoteles da wminda avgustines argumentebis Tanaxmad, dro saerTod ar

arsebobs. warsuli ukve moxda da e.i. aRar aris, momavali jer ar momxdara da amJamad ar aris;
darCa mxolod awmyo, magram Tuki awmyo arsebobs drois garkveuli intervalis saxiT, es
intervali, rogorc movlenaTa garkveuli xangZlioba, dezintegracias ganicdis ukve momxdar
( warsulSi gadasul ) da jer ar momxdar (momaval ) faqtebs Soris. aseTi gaxleCvis Sedegad
intervalis nacvlad gvrCeba mxolod erTi wertili, - awmyo xdomilebis myisiereba, rac mudmivad
usxlteba drois aRqmas xelidan, ver iZens xangZlivobas da rogorc gonebis TvaliT mouxelTebeli
momenti, ar ganekuTvneba drois dinebas.
 Tanamedrove miRwevebi filosofiur azrovnebaSi da mecnierebaSi, kerZod mxedvelobaSi
gvaqvs kvantur-meqanikuri principi droisa da energiis intervalTa Tanafardobis Sesaxeb ( ix.
miTiTebuli literatura * ) saSualebas gvaZlevs wamovayenoT kontrargumenti, drois arsebobis
dasabuTebis mizniT.

jer erTi unda iTqvas, rom drois arsebobis uaryofas, rogorc argumentaciis process
sWirdeba garkveuli dro. gamodis, rom winaswar unda davuSvaT imis arseboba, ris arsebobis
uaryofasac vcdilobT. es winaaRmdegobrivi mdgomareobaa, rac gviCvenebs drois arsebobis
uaryofis SeuZleblobas. amitom aristotele gvesaubreba ara drois ararsebobaze, aramed mis
moCvenebiTobaze, mis usazrisobaze, rom Cven ki vimyofebiT droSi, magram es yofna
ewinaaRmdebeba mis Sesaxeb logikur msjelobas.

drois dineba SeiZleba SevadaroT heraklites mdinares, romelSic orjer SeuZlebelia Sesvla.
Tuki heraklites mdinare Seuqcevadi nakadia, Tuki misi yoveli talRa, yoveli wveTi,
ganumeorebelia, maSin erTxelac SeuZlebeli iqneba masSi Sesvla. heraklite gamoricxavs
mdinareSi orjer Sesvlis SesaZleblobas, magram dasaSvebad miiCnevs masSi erTxel Sesvlis
faqts. rogor avxsnaT es?

drois dinebis warmodgena Seuqcevadi mdinaris saxiT saSualebas gvaZlevs amovxsnaT

heraklites gamocana. jer erTi kvanturi fizika gviCvenebs, rom awmyo dro arsebobs ara
momentis da myisierebis saxiT, aramed drois intervalis xangZlivobiT, romelic mTliani da
ganuyofeli periodia, ramdenadac dakavSirebulia atomarul sididesTan – umciresi qmedebis
kvantTan – h. ( dawvrilebiTi dasabuTeba ixileT miTiTebul literaturul wyaroSi * ).
maSasadame es intervali aRar ganicdis dezintegracias warsulisa da momavlis fazebad. amrigad
kvantur fizikaSi Zala ekargeba aristoteles argumentacias drois winaaRmdeg.

Cvens analogiaSi, adamianis erTxel Sesvla heraklites mdinareSi niSnavs subieqtis

cnobierebis erTjerad Sexvedras drois dinebasTan. huserlis fenomenologiis Tanaxmad, Cveni
cnobiereba mTliani da ganumeorebeli nakadia.

roca adamiani Sedis drois mdinareSi, maSin misi cnobierebis nakadi da drois dineba
kveTs erTmaneTs. es gadakveTa ar xdeba mxolod erT wertilSi. es urTierTgadakveTa ar aris
momentaluri da myisieri, igi Seadgens garkveul intervals, rac cnobierebis mier awmyo drois
aRqmis xangZlivobas warmoadgens. meore mxriv, subieqturi drois es xangZlivoba ar aris
daSladi warsulisa da momavlis fazebad, radgan am intervals qmnis cnobierebis cocxali nakadi,
romelic mTliani da ganuyofelia.

Catarebuli msjeloba safuZvels gvaZlevs vifiqroT, rom arsebobs droTa kavSiri, magram
arsebobs ara mizez-Sedegobrivi gamomdinareobis saxiT, aramed samyaros istoriuli
ganviTarebis mixedviT. adamianis Tavisuflebis harmoniuloba drois indeterminizmTan, Cveni
azriT cxadhyofs Rrma, Sinagad kavSirs huserlis fenomenologiasa da kvanturi fizikis droiT
koncefcias Soris.

amrigad, adamianis goneba awmyo momentidan qmnis garkveuli drois intervals, romelic
amovardnilia warsulis determinizmidan da arc momavali drois mizezobriv safuZvels Seadgens.
mas gaaCnia swored aq da axla mimdinare drois metafizikuri TavisTavadoba da eniWeba
SemoqmedebiTi Tavisufleba, rac zogadad drois istoriul xasiaTs ganapirobebs.
 awmyo drois kristalizaciaSi adamianis cnobierebis monawileoba drois subieqturi da
obieqturi aspeqtebis kreaciul erTianobas gviCvenebs. heraklites mdinaresTan analogiaSi myofi
drois metafizika cxadhyofs, rom Tuki SeiZleba vilaparakoT drois sawyisze da drois istoriaze,
SeiZleba warmovidginoT am sawyisis winamorbedi zeistoriuli, maradiuli awmyo, sadac
subieqturi da obieqturi dro ukvdavi sicocxlis erT, ganuyofel mTlianobaSi arsebobs.

warmodgenili leqciis da miTiTebuli literaturis safuZvelze,

studentma SeiZleba moamzados es Tema Sualeduri da finaluri
gamocdebisTvis.

sakiTxavi literatura.

* - Mamuka Dolidze

Quantum –phenomenological Approach to the Stream of Time

Great Heraclitus said that it is impossible to enter the river twice. This model of
irreversible stream we can compare with time flow.

However one can not get the stream of time to enter even once, for according to
Aristotle’s and Saint Augustin’s arguments, time does not exist at all. ( 1 ), ( 2 ) - The past is
already passed, the future has not yet arrived, the present remains as a moment and can not
obtain the duration of time.

The present instant of entering the time-flow always eludes us. So, it is impossible to
enter the stream of time even once.

This conclusion contradicts our being in time, which is disposable fact.

 In respect to this problem it is worth noting that even though we suggested that the
past and the future do not exist, we couldn’t avoid the difference between their essential
meanings. Past denotes the bygone facts, future deals with forthcoming events.

Present instant serves as a distinctive point between them. Though if the present state
of things also doesn’t exist , it can not separate the past and the future from each other.
Therefore we can not explain the difference between their meanings. On the other hand, if
present time already had existed it couldn’t have been the temporal moment. It should
have some duration of time.

So, our aim is to extend present moment in some interval of time but in this case,
according to Aristotle and Saint Augustin, this whole period would be disintegrated in two
parts - past and future.

To resolve this problem we offer the quantum-phenomenological approach to the

Heraclitus riddle.

* * *

Our previous studies In the field of quantum physics, ( 3 ) revealed the ability of
micro-particle to demonstrate the free will in some special cognitive conditions. Thanks to this
freedom, through the energy of quantum wave it participates in the irreversible stream of
time, where time and the energy complement each other following the principle of
uncertainty by Werner Heisenberg. ( 4 )

∆E∆t > h ( * )

∆E - presents the probable scattering of quantum Energy.

∆t - means the probable dispersion of time .

h - indicates the constant of minimal inseparable quantum interaction

The sense of this inequity consists in fact that in physical reality , instead of exact
points of time we deal with probable temporal dispersion, which forms the interval of time
- ∆t.

This interval corresponds to the diffusion of energy - ∆E ( see * )

So, according to quantum theory, entering the stream of time, I spend the energy

either E1 or E2 or … En ; these meanings belong to the energetic interval ∆E.

In the same way I meet the moments of time either t 1 or t2 or … tn, from the duration
of time - ∆t.

It is important to mention that these points of time (t 1 or t2 or … tn ) they all belong

to the present period of time-flow - ∆t. Each of them can serve as a distinctive point to
separate the past and the future. This ensemble of temporal moments form the duration
of time ∆t, which I can call the present period of time.

This period can not be disintegrated in two, past and future parts, for it is connected
with h – with the constant of inseparable quantum interaction. ( see * ).

Thus, instead of present moment, which always slips away from my perception, thanks
to quantum approach, I receive the temporal interval - ∆t, which has some duration and
obtains indivisible integrity. It belongs to the present flow of time.

* * *

Considering the Heraclitus river, we take into account the human consciousness
entering the stream of time.

In this respect the question arises:

Why can I enter the river of time only once?

The fact is that when my self- consciousness enters the time-flow at the moment t 1,

I create the temporal interval ∆t; that means that I should identify the moments t 1 , t2 , …
tn in one indivisible duration ∆t.

Because of phenomenological intentionality of self-consciousness, this identification

presents one-off operation that is unrepeatable.

My second attempt to enter the Heraclitus river deals with other moments of t’ n and
refers to the new period of time ∆t’. So the intentionality of self appears to be different.

Thus it is possible to enter the river only once. This suggestion by Heraclitus echoes
with principle of uncertainty in quantum physics between time and energy ( see * ) and implies
the phenomenological intentionality of self-consciousness.

Litterature

1. Ursula Coope. Time for Aristotle. Oxford University press 2005 208pp.
2. William Alexander Hernandez – St Augustin on Time. International journal of
Humanities and Social Sciences. Vol 6 N. 6 2016 Pp. 37 -39
3. Dolidze Mamuka –- Developing Husserl’s ideas in the Context of Phenomenology
of Life and Modern Georgian Philosophy. The book, Tbilisi, 2013 pp. 27 – 48.
4. John S. Briggs, -A derivation of the time-energy uncertainty relation. Journal of
Physics 2008 conf.ser 99 012002