Chapter 2

Digital Connectivity
and Broadband Growth


Pakistan Telecommunication Authority 59
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a technological revolution

2
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to bridge the remaining digital divide.

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Digital Landscape International Bandwidth Capacity

(Tbps) Installed | Activated
International Connectivity
Pakistan has a strong international connectivity infrastructure
4.79

[MXLEVERKISJYRHIVWIEƼFIVSTXMGGEFPIWERHXIVVIWXVMEP
links. It has seven submarine cable connections and a
2.47

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telecom links to neighbouring countries, consisting of nine
1.92

1.60
1.48

QMGVS[EZIPMROWERH3*'PMROW8LMWHMZIVWIRIX[SVO
1.40
1.42

is essential for ensuring redundancy, reliable Internet

1.04
1.05

connection, and resilience against cable damage or other

1.02

1.00
1.00

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0.60

bandwidth provision include Pakistan Telecommunication

0.15
0.04
0.02

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Cyber Internet Service Providers (Cybernet), and Special
Communication Organization (SCO). Together, they offer
an installed capacity of 13.3 Tbps. Cybernet has recently
expanded its global reach via the PEACE cable. Plans are
SEAMEWE-3

SEAMEWE-4

SEAMEWE-5

PAK-CHINA
IMEWE

PEACE
AAE-1

TW-1

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PTA has approved the launch of operations for the PEACE

submarine Cable Landing Station (CLS), designating
Cybernet as Pakistan’s third upstream gateway. This cable
system, with a 96T backbone, connects important global
destinations spanning Asia, Africa, and Europe. Cybernet
LEWEPWSIWXEFPMWLIHMXW'07MR/EVEGLMGYVVIRXP]WIVZMRKEW
the landing point for the PEACE submarine cable system,
with future plans to host multiple subsea cables.
Upcoming Sea Cables (Africa-1, SMW-6,
and 2Africa)
Africa-1
PTCL has invested in the Africa-1 submarine cable spanning
OMPSQIXIVW[MXLMRMXMEPPERHMRKWMR(NMFSYXM)K]TX
*VERGI/IR]E4EOMWXER7EYHM%VEFME7YHERERHXLI

Pakistan Telecommunication Authority 61

 (MKMXEP'SRRIGXMZMX]ERH&VSEHFERH+VS[XL
Pakistan’s Connectivity with International Submarine Cable Systems
Iran
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Egypt Persian Gulf
United Arab
Saudi Arabia Emirates
Oman
Eritrea Yemen
Djibouti
Ethiopia
Sudan
Somalia
Uganda
Kenya
United Arab Emirates (UAE). This cable system, which will
further connect to Mediterranean countries such as Algeria,
-XEP]ERH8YRMWMEGSRWMWXWSJƼFIVTEMVW8LIWYVZI]
has been completed, and the delivery and installation of
cable station equipment is currently underway. The cable
MWI\TIGXIHXSFIJYPP]STIVEXMSREPF]IRH
SMW-6 (South East Asia-Middle East-West
Europe 6)
In response to the growing demand and need for infrastructure
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and connectivity resources to ensure highest standards of
quality. A central part of its plan is to enhance international
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GEFPIW]WXIQ&IMRKETVSQMRIRXWXEOILSPHIV[MXLMRXLI
71;'SRWSVXMYQXLMWQSZI[MPPIREFPI8;%4EOMWXER
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W]WXIQFIX[IIR7MRKETSVIERH1EVWIMPPI*VERGI[MXLE
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by its cutting-edge technology, this advanced cable system
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data at speeds of 12.6 Tbps, resulting in a system capacity
of 126 Tbps, all achieved through utilization of the latest
7(1XIGLRSPSK]
2Africa
The 2Africa subsea cable project, which connects Africa,
)YVSTIERH%WME[MXLPERHMRKWMRGSYRXVMIW[MPPLIVEPH
a new era of Internet connectivity in Pakistan. The project,
MR[LMGL8;%MWGSRWSVXMYQQIQFIVTVSQMWIWIUYMXEFPI
62 %229%06)43682023
Afghanistan
SeaMeWe-4
PTCL
TW1-TWA
Pakistan
Asia Africa Europe-1
(AAE-1) PTCL
SeaMeWe-5 TWA
PEACE Cable Cyber Net
IMEWE PTCL
SeaMeWe-3 PTCL
Arabian Sea
access through carrier-neutral data centers or open-access
CLSs to nurture a vibrant Internet ecosystem. Most of
the subsea route survey work is complete, and 2Africa
MWI\TIGXIHXSƄKSPMZIƅMRIEVP]
Operators in Pakistan have developed advanced Points of
Presence (POPs) in key regional digital hubs to enhance
their global presence. These POPs serve as gateways
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customers swift access to critical network infrastructure
and global content. They deliver high-quality services with
low latency and fewer hops for broadband, enterprise,
and carrier customers.
Optical Fiber Cable Network
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and Internet infrastructure, providing high-speed, reliable,
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deployment, PTA and the government launched initiatives
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security concerns, and funding constraints. Efforts
were made at the highest level, addressing most of the
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of communication networks. The increasing demand
for high-speed Internet and digital services presents
opportunities for investment and expansion. Pakistan
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 (MKMXEP'SRRIGXMZMX]ERH&VSEHFERH+VS[XL

PTCL’s OFC Network

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As technology evolves, the country is gearing up for
network advancements including the adoption of emerging
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Currently, Pakistan has around 66,000 kilometers of
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GMXMIW8LIWISTIVEXSVWTPE]EWMKRMƼGERXVSPIMRXLI
HITPS]QIRXERHQEMRXIRERGISJ4EOMWXERƅWSTXMGEPƼFIV
RIX[SVO8LVSYKL97*EREHHMXMSREPOMPSQIXIVW
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deployed to promote the development of telecom services
in underserved rural areas.
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JSV[EVHMRXLIQSHIVRM^EXMSRSJMXW+(;(1FEWIH
inter-city long-haul transport network. This project not
only updated the transport backbone but also reduced
operational expenses while preparing for growing capacity
demands and network resilience. Major cities like Islamabad,
FVSEHFERHXSMXWWYFWGVMFIVW48'0TPERWXSI\TERH2+%2
GSRRIGXMSRWF] ERRYEPP]YRXMP8SWYTTSVXXLMW
PTCL has launched a range of customized products to
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8LIGSQTER]ƅWƼ\IHFVSEHFERHLEWWYFWXERXMEPP]KVS[R
XLVSYKLMXW*PEWL*MFIVMRMXMEXMZI&EGOIHF]EKKVIWWMZI
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PIEHMRKXSEWYFWXERXMEPKVS[XLMRXLIGSQTER]ƅWƼ\IH
broadband services.
Cellular Cell Sites Network
The growing demand for broadband expansion and
upgradation of technology, particularly with the launch of
+ERH+RIX[SVOWLEWFIIRTMZSXEPMRWLETMRK4EOMWXERƅW
telecom landscape. To meet the evolving needs of its
tech-savvy population, PTA has proactively incorporated
Cellular Mobile Cell Sites
4G
Year Total Cell Sites
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0ELSVIERH/EVEGLMRS[LEZI+GETEGMX]XSQIIXXLI   

increasing demand for bandwidth.
  

Copper to Fiber Transformation   

PTA is cognizant of the replacement of copper infrastructure
2020-21  
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driven by the rising demand for faster and more reliable 2021-22  
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2022-23  
48'0[EWSFPMKEXIHXSHITPS]EƼFIVFEWIH2I\X

Pakistan Telecommunication Authority 63

 (MKMXEP'SRRIGXMZMX]ERH&VSEHFERH+VS[XL

Cell Sites Connected with OFC

As of June

10.5%
12.6%
·
16.1%

5.8%
5.9%
6.0%

7.2%
9.8%
13.1%

18.1%
17.7%
17.9%

10.4%
11.6%
13.5%
Industry
2021
2022
2023

2021
2022
2023

2021
2022
2023

2021
2022
2023

license obligations for population coverage of networks and
enhanced QoS standards, both in the renewal of existing
PMGIRWIWERHXLIMWWYERGISJRI[2+17PMGIRWIW8LMW
regulatory approach has encouraged telecom operators to
expand and modernize their networks, ushering in an era
of increased connectivity and high-speed data services.
In response, operators have strategically expanded their
cell sites' infrastructure, facilitating broader network
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'13WLEZIEHHIHGIPPWMXIWQEVOMRKEWMKRMƼGERX
 KVS[XLMRGPYHMRKXLIHITPS]QIRXSJGIPP
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have made multi-billion-dollar investments in upgrading
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WMXIWEVI+IREFPIH[MXLQSVIYRHIVKSMRKYTKVEHIW
2021
2022
2023
Fiber Connectivity to Cell Sites
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Pakistan next year. A draft policy guideline designed to
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JSV+,S[IZIVXSMRXVSHYGI+WIVZMGIWMRERIJJIGXMZI
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development of the requisite infrastructure. Currently,
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connected, while international standards recommend
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[MHIWTVIEH+PEYRGL7YFWXERXMEPIJJSVXWERHMRZIWXQIRX
are required to upgrade the infrastructure for proliferation
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Sustainable Digital Future

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However, it can also exacerbate socio-
economic inequalities, particularly among
those who lack connectivity, affordable
devices, or the requisite skills to leverage
digital services. Harnessing the potential of
digital technology for development requires
concerted efforts to steer technology
development and digital transformation in an
MRGPYWMZIERHWYWXEMREFPIHMVIGXMSR(MKMXEPXVERWJSVQEXMSRGERRSXFIMRGPYWMZIERHWYWXEMREFPIYRPIWWXLIRIIHW
of the poor, vulnerable, and marginalized groups—including women—are addressed. It must alleviate existing
inequalities, leaving no one behind. To achieve this goal, PTA has incorporated additional rollout obligations in
XIVQWSJTIVGIRXEKISJTSTYPEXMSRGSZIVEKIMRGIPPYPEVQSFMPIPMGIRWIW%HHMXMSREPP]97*STIVEXIWTVSKVEQQIW
that aim to make telecom and ICT services accessible and affordable in underserved and unserved areas,
MRGPYHMRKYRWIVZIHTEXGLIWEPSRKREXMSREPLMKL[E]WERHQSXSV[E]WERHI\TERHSTXMGEPƼFIVGSRRIGXMZMX]XS
unserved tehsils.

64 %229%06)43682023
 (MKMXEP'SRRIGXMZMX]ERH&VSEHFERH+VS[XL

Broadband Proliferation 3RIRSXI[SVXL]EWTIGXSJXLMWƼZI]IEVKVS[XLMWXLI

&SXLXLIKSZIVRQIRXERH48%VIGSKRM^IXLIMQTSVXERGISJ
broadband connectivity in fostering economic development
ERHHMKMXEPMRGPYWMSR&VSEHFERHI\TERWMSRMWEXXLILIEVX
SJXLIƄ(MKMXEP4EOMWXERƅZMWMSREMQIHEXQSHIVRM^MRKZEVMSYW
sectors of the economy and providing digital services to
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growth in recent years, the productivity gains stemming
from digital connectivity have become indispensable for
sustained economic growth.
)ZIVWMRGIXLIPEYRGLSJ+ERH+WIVZMGIWMRXLI
FVSEHFERHPERHWGETIMR4EOMWXERLEWYRHIVKSRIWMKRMƼGERX
transformation. PTA has played a vital role in initiating
strategic initiatives such as spectrum auctions, renewals
(spanning from 2016 to 2021), spectrum refarming,
and additional rollout obligations. These actions have
evolving market share of major operators. Jazz strengthened
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 [LMPI8IPIRSVƅWQEVOIXWLEVIHIGPMRIHJVSQ 
XS MRHMGEXMRKGLERKMRKGSRWYQIVTVIJIVIRGIWERH
competition within the industry.
(EXEYWEKIMRXLIXIPIGSQWIGXSVLEWWIIREWMKRMƼGERX
surge, with mobile broadband data usage growing
WYFWXERXMEPP]JVSQTIXEF]XIWMR*=XS
TIXEF]XIWMR*=*M\IHFVSEHFERHHEXEYWEKIMR
*=VIEGLIHTIXEF]XIWJYVXLIVYRHIVPMRMRK
the continued importance of high-speed Internet access
for households and businesses. In total, the combined
HEXEGSRWYQTXMSRJVSQFSXLQSFMPIERHƼ\IHFVSEHFERH
WIVZMGIWMR*=EQSYRXIHXSEWYFWXERXMEP
petabytes, emphasizing the pivotal role of broadband in
Pakistan’s digitally connected society and the need for
infrastructure expansion.

3G/4G Subscribers 3G | 4G Data Usage Mobile | Fixed | Total

(In Millions) (Petabytes)
20,235
111.9

16,254
99.4

12,572

10,850
77.9

9,385
51.7

8,974
41.4

37.0
32.4

7,280
30.0

21.9

6,855
16.3
15.1

12.5

5,717
2019-20

2020-21
2018-19
2017-18

2022-23
2021-22

2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

Note: FBB data usage are estimates.

WXMQYPEXIHXLII\TERWMSRERHEHSTXMSRSJ+WIVZMGIW ;LMPI4EOMWXERPIHXLIVIKMSRMRQSFMPI-RXIVRIXWTIIHYRXMP
3ZIVXLITEWXƼZI]IEVWXLIXIPIGSQQYRMGEXMSRWWIGXSVLEW 2022, there has only been a modest improvement—from
experienced remarkable growth in broadband subscriptions, 1FTWXS1FTWƂFIX[IIR.YP]ERH.YP]
IRGSQTEWWMRKFSXLQSFMPIERHƼ\IHWIVZMGIW1SFMPI 2023, due to slower expansion. In contrast, neighboring
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MRGVIEWMRKJVSQQMPPMSRMR*=XSERSYXWXERHMRK
QMPPMSREWSJ7ITXIQFIV8LMWMRGVIEWIVIƽIGXWXLI
Median Mobile Internet Download Speed
WXVSRKHIQERHJSVQSFMPIGSRRIGXMZMX]*M\IHFVSEHFERH (Mbps)
subscriptions also demonstrated reasonable growth, rising
July 2022 July 2023
F] JVSQQMPPMSRMR*=XSQMPPMSRMR*=
2022-23. This growth highlights the enduring importance 4EOMWXER  
of stable, high-speed Internet connectivity for businesses
India  
and households. In sum, the overall broadband landscape,
IRGSQTEWWMRKFSXLQSFMPIERHƼ\IHWYFWGVMTXMSRWLEW &ERKPEHIWL  
I\TERHIHWMKRMƼGERXP]F] VIEGLMRKQMPPMSRF] Nepal  13.96
7ITXIQFIVGSQTEVIHXSQMPPMSRMR*=
8LIWIWXEXMWXMGWIQTLEWM^IXLIKVS[MRKWMKRMƼGERGISJ Sri Lanka 11.39 
broadband services in Pakistan’s digitally connected society. 7SYVGI7TIIHXIWX+PSFEP-RHI\

Pakistan Telecommunication Authority 65

 (MKMXEP'SRRIGXMZMX]ERH&VSEHFERH+VS[XL
WMKRMƼGERXWXVMHIWMRQSFMPI-RXIVRIXWTIIHVIƽIGXMRK
substantial enhancements in their mobile Internet
infrastructure. Pakistan and Sri Lanka, which have not
MRXVSHYGIH+WIVZMGIW]IXI\TIVMIRGIHQSHIVEXI
increase in download speeds. These shifts in download
speed highlight the dynamic nature of mobile Internet
connectivity in the region, with some countries making
substantial progress through network modernization.
Structural Shift in Broadband Market
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KVS[RSZIVXLITEWXƼZI]IEVW-R*=EFSYX 
of mobile subscribers were using mobile broadband
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F]*=>SRKIQIVKIHEWXLIPIEHMRKSTIVEXSV
with the highest broadband adoption on its network,
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GPSWIP][MXLE EHSTXMSRVEXIJSPPS[IHF]9JSRIEX
 ERH8IPIRSVEX 
'YVVIRXP] SJQSFMPIFVSEHFERHWYFWGVMFIVWMR
4EOMWXEREVIYXMPM^MRK+ERSXEFPIMRGVIEWIJVSQNYWX
 ƼZI]IEVWEKS8LMWXVERWJSVQEXMSRS[IWXSXLI
WMKRMƼGERXYTKVEHEXMSRSJ&87WMXIWERH[MHIVEZEMPEFMPMX]
SJ+IREFPIHLERHWIXWMRXLIQEVOIX
The dynamics of Pakistan’s broadband market have
IZSPZIHWMKRMƼGERXP]SZIVXLIPEWXƼZI]IEVW>SRK[LMGL
MRMXMEXIHXLIPEYRGLSJ+WIVZMGIWMRVIQEMRIH
XLIQEVOIXPIEHIV[MXLE WLEVISJXLIGSYRXV]ƅW+
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EGUYMWMXMSRSJ;EVMHMRƂEKKVIWWMZIP]I\TERHIHMXW
+RIX[SVOERHWYVTEWWIH>SRKƅWWLEVIMR*=
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LSPHW JSPPS[IHF]8IPIRSVEX ERH9JSRIƂEPEXI
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66 %229%06)43682023
In terms of data usage, Zong continued to lead the mobile
broadband market although its share decreased from
 MR*=XS F]*=.E^^JSPPS[IH
>SRKMRHEXEYWEKI[MXLE WLEVIJSPPS[IHF]8IPIRSV
EX 9JSRIEX ERH7'3EX 2SXEFP]
Ufone stands out as the only company that managed to
MRGVIEWIMXWQEVOIXWLEVIMR*=VMWMRKJVSQ 
MR*=XS 8LMWEGLMIZIQIRXMWEXXVMFYXEFPI
to Ufone’s impressive performance in rapidly upgrading
MXW+&87WMXIWSZIVXLIPEWXX[S]IEVWVIWYPXMRKMRE
VIQEVOEFPI KVS[XLMRMXW+XS[IVFEWIƂJVSQ
MR*=XSMR*='SRGYVVIRXP]MXW
+ERH+WYFWGVMFIVWI\TERHIHJVSQQMPPMSRXS
QMPPMSRHYVMRKXLIWEQITIVMSH3RXLISXLIVLERH
Zong’s dominance in mobile data usage can be credited
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WYFWGVMFIVWƂGSQTEVIHXS.E^^ƅW*YVXLIVQSVI
Zong consistently offers its data services at the most
GSQTIXMXMZITVMGITIV+&MRXLIQEVOIXEZIVEKMRK4/6
TIV+&8LIWIHIZIPSTQIRXWVIƽIGXXLIH]REQMG
and competitive nature of Pakistan’s mobile broadband
market, with operators vying for market share through
network expansion and pricing strategies.
Affordable Broadband Services
One of PTA’s strategic objectives is to provide affordable,
high-quality services while ensuring that investors and
operators receive a reasonable return on their investments.
Thanks to proactive regulatory practices and a competitive
broadband market, Pakistan offers some of the world’s
lowest and most budget-friendly telecom prices to its
GMXM^IRW8LIGSWXSJ+&SJHEXEMR4EOMWXERMWEQIVI
US$ 0.12, making it the lowest in the region and sixth
lowest in the world. An analysis of the effective price of
+&SJHEXESZIVXLI]IEVWVIZIEPWEGSRWMWXIRXP]HIGPMRMRK
XVIRH[MXLHEXEGSWXWTIV+&VIKMWXIVMRKE HIGPMRI
 (MKMXEP'SRRIGXMZMX]ERH&VSEHFERH+VS[XL

Effective Price (Revenue) Per GB Per Month

(PKR)

114.6
46.2
80.6
38.9
49.0
31.3 37.9 34.1 32.8

18.3

FY 2022-23
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23

WMRGIHIGVIEWMRKJVSQ4/6XS4/6 %XTVIWIRXHEXEVIZIRYIEGGSYRXWJSV SJXLIXSXEP

TIV+&HYVMRK*=
(YIXS4EOMWXERƅWGSQTIXMXMZIXIPIGSQIRZMVSRQIRXERHMXW
reputation of offering some of the most affordable rates
in the region, the country has traditionally maintained a
relatively low ARPU, compared to its neighbours. However,
recent developments such as the expansion of broadband
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EQMHWXVMWMRKMRƽEXMSRERHEHIGPMRIMRXLIQYPXM7-1
phenomenon, have led to a noteworthy increase in ARPU.
-R*=%649VSWIXS4/6TIVQSRXLYT
JVSQ4/6MRXLITVIGIHMRK]IEV.E^^ERH9JSRI
TEVXMGYPEVP]WXSSHSYXEGLMIZMRKWMKRMƼGERX%649KVS[XL
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also experienced growth, with their ARPU increasing by
 ERH VIWTIGXMZIP]-R.YP7ITX.E^^ƅW%649
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revenue in Pakistan’s mobile industry, underlining the
importance of promoting the adoption of broadband and
digital services to increase the industry’s overall ARPU.
-R*=XLIHEXE%649MRGVIEWIHXS4/6TIV
QSRXLEQSHIWXYTXMGOJVSQXLITVIZMSYW]IEVƅW4/6
236.9 per month, despite a decline in the effective price
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growing trend of increased data usage, which rose from
+&TIVWYFWGVMFIVTIVQSRXLXS+&MR*=
VITVIWIRXMRKEWYFWXERXMEP MRGVIEWI
To improve broadband connectivity across the country,
PTA and MoITT have proactively engaged with the
telecom industry and the government. They are pursuing
a comprehensive reform agenda aimed at incentivizing
investments and improving ease of doing business. These
reforms are designed to enable operators to expand their
businesses and services, thereby fostering sustainable

Share of Data Revenue in Total Cost of 1 GB Data—Only Mobile Broadband

2023
Cellular Mobile Revenue
World Ranking Country In US$
65%

6 Pakistan 0.12
61%
56%

 India 0.16
52%
45%

20

12 &ERKPEHIWL 0.23
22
-2
20

3
21
38%

-2
2
20
20
-2

13 Sri Lanka 

20

1
19
-2
0
20
18
-1
9
20
17

 2ITEP 
-1
8

7SYVGILXXTW[[[GEFPIGSYOQSFMPIW[SVPH[MHIHEXETVMGMRK

Pakistan Telecommunication Authority 67

 (MKMXEP'SRRIGXMZMX]ERH&VSEHFERH+VS[XL

growth prospects including the sale of multi-band
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market-based terms and conditions, rationalizing taxes,
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XLIXIVQWJSVSFXEMRMRK6S;JSVRIX[SVOHITPS]QIRXW
among other initiatives. In addition to these reforms,
operators should diversify their service offerings beyond
traditional voice and data services. Exploring partnerships
with digital service providers can introduce value-added
services and other offerings that cater to the evolving
demands of customers.
Bandwidth Utilization
(YIXSMXWƽI\MFPIVIKYPEXSV]JVEQI[SVO4EOMWXERLEW
I\TIVMIRGIHEWMKRMƼGERXYTW[MRKMRYWIVIRKEKIQIRX
across a multitude of applications, platforms, and web
WIVZMGIW2SXEFP]XLI]SYRKIVHIQSKVETLMGMWI\GITXMSREPP]
active on social media and video content platforms.
Currently, Pakistan boasts an impressive user base of
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platforms, forging robust connections with the global
digital landscape.
The examination of the bandwidth utilization landscape
involves the collection of data from a variety of sources
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'(2 STIVEXSVWIUYMTTIH[MXL'(2WIVZIVW8LMWHEXE
reveals a daily bandwidth utilization of approximately
8FTW'(2WTPE]EGVYGMEPVSPIMRXLMWPERHWGETI
contributing a substantial 12.38 Tbps, while CLS operators
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TEVXMGYPEVP]WXVMOMRKQEOMRKYTEWMKRMƼGERX SJXLI
total bandwidth utilization. This trend not only optimizes
bandwidth costs but also enhances the overall quality of
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pivotal role in delivering Internet services to a substantial
segment of the population.
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and their respective contributions to Pakistan’s bandwidth
utilization scenario. It shines a spotlight on the prevailing
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emphasizing the extensive popularity of their platforms
and services throughout the region. These statistics offer
valuable insights into the digital preferences and usage
patterns of Internet users in Pakistan.

8VEƾG7XEXMWXMGW+FTW4IV(E] 7ITX
Operator CDN CLS Total Percentage

  7,302.96 

  3,032.80 

1,896.00 1,896.00 

1,390.18 20.00 1,410.18 

 813.50 

 715.79 

 449.30 

 237.05 

110.00 120.00 230.00 

  1,602.40 

 187.82 

 79.89 

 47.00 

 17.50 

 6.56 

Sign In  1.70 

Total 12,382.99 5,647.45 18,030.44

68 %229%06)43682023
 (MKMXEP'SRRIGXMZMX]ERH&VSEHFERH+VS[XL

'(2[MWI8VEƾG4IV(E] 7ITX

CDN 8VEƾG7XEXMWXMGW +FTW Percentage

Meta Network Application

MI*EGIFSSO-RWXEKVEQ  
;LEXW%TTERH1IWWIRKIV
Google Global Cache (GGC)
 
i.e., Google and YouTube

Akamai  

TikTok 861.80 

Tencent 633.20 

2IXƽM\  

'PSYHƽEVI  

China-Net  

&-+3 6.60 

%PM&EFE  

AliCDN 3.68 

Zenlayer 0.06 

Total 12,382.99

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KSZIVRQIRXƅWJSGYWSR3*'RIX[SVOWVIQEMRWTMZSXEPMRTVSQSXMRKXLIHMKMXEPIGSRSQ]ERHIRLERGMRK
GSRRIGXMZMX](IWTMXIGLEPPIRKIWXLIGSYRXV]MWGSQQMXXIHXSJYVXLIVMRZIWXQIRXERHI\TERWMSRMRXLMW
GVYGMEPMRJVEWXVYGXYVI

3ZIVEPP4EOMWXERƅWGSQQMXQIRXXSIRLERGMRKMXWXIPIGSQQYRMGEXMSRWERH-RXIVRIXMRJVEWXVYGXYVIMW
IZMHIRXERHXLIJYXYVITVSQMWIWJYVXLIVHIZIPSTQIRXWMRRIX[SVOXIGLRSPSK]ERHGSRRIGXMZMX]8LIWI
EHZERGIQIRXWEVITSMWIHXSIQTS[IVXLIREXMSRƅWHMKMXEPPERHWGETIERHTEZIXLI[E]JSVEQSVIGSRRIGXIH
ERHXIGLRSPSKMGEPP]EHZERGIH4EOMWXER

Pakistan Telecommunication Authority 69