IntpmUk ne HmsdkkdbstUk CdudknoldmsUk ChrUahkhsx* L‘qbg 1//8: 23’0(9 78fi80

NOELENLR OCPROCASETCR

KdVpmhmf sn trd VtfldmsVshud Vmc VksdpmVshud anlltmhaVshnm &??A(* Er

sgdpd V ldmsnphmf pnkd enp Vctksr dwodphdmadc hm trhmf ??A:)

KHNP@ A@KKHM0* RTR@M A@K@MCHM1* KD@MMD SNFGDP0 % PNFDP I- RS@MBKHEED0

0
DUbtksx ne GdUksg Rbhdmbdr) Sgd Tmhudprhsx ne Rxcmdx) :trspUkhU* Umc 1:ucdkhmf enp gdkrd,nf rnrhUkeUf) Gyfrinkdm h Lnkcd)
MnpvUx

Idxvnpcr* UtfldmsUshud Umc UksdpmUshud bnlltmhbUshnm &::B() roddbg fdmdpUshmf cduhbd &RFC() kdUpmhmf) ldmsnphmf)
dloknxldms) unktmsddp vnpi

@tfldms‘shud ‘mc ‘ksdqm‘shud bnlltmhb‘shnm r‘ld shld sn rtbbdrretkkx o‘qshbho‘sd hm bnllt,

’@@B(0* hmbktchmf roddbg fdmdq‘shmf cduhbdr
’RFCr(* needq odnokd vhsg bnlokdw bnlltmhb‘shnm
mddcr sgd onsdmsh‘k enq hloqnudc bnlltmhb‘shnm
‘mc o‘qshbho‘shnm hm rnbhdsx ’LbM‘tfgsnm ds ‘k-*
1//7(- Cdrohsd q‘ohc ‘mc nmfnhmf cdudknoldms hm
@@B sdbgmnknfx* hsr onsdmsh‘k hr mns adhmf etkkx
qd‘khrdc ’Gncfd* 1//6(- Sgd mtladq ne odnokd vhsg
bnlokdw bnlltmhb‘shnm mddcr vgn trd ‘m RFC
qdl‘hmr knv ’Gncfd* 1//6(* ‘mc enq sgnrd vgn cn
trd RFCr* qdbdms qdrd‘qbg g‘r ghfgkhfgsdc ghfg q‘sdr
ne cduhbd ‘a‘mcnmldms ’Ingmrnm* Hmfkdaqds* Inmdr* %
P‘x* 1//5(-
Sghr rhst‘shnm l‘x ad dwok‘hmdc ax sgd bg‘k,
kdmfdr sg‘s odnokd mdv sn trhmf RFCr dmbntmsdq*
hmbktchmf chezbtkshdr hm nas‘hmhmf sgdq‘ox rdquhbdr*
a‘qqhdqr sn @@B,a‘rdc bnlltmhb‘shnm hm sgd
bnlltmhsx* ‘mc bnlltmhb‘shnm o‘qsmdqr vgn
k‘bj rjhkkr hm rtoonqshmf rtbbdrretk bnlltmhb‘shnm
’LbM‘tfgsnm ds ‘k-* 1//7: P‘bjdmrodqfdq* Jqdy,
l‘m* LbM‘tfgsnm* Uhkkh‘lr* % C&Rhku‘* 1//4(-
Hmcddc* kd‘qmhmf sn trd @@B bnlodsdmskx* ‘mc hm
o‘qshbtk‘q ‘m RFC* qdpthqdr ansg hmrsqtbshnm ‘mc
oq‘bshbd ’LbM‘tfgsnm ds ‘k-* 1//7(- P‘bjdmrodqfdq
ds ‘k- ’1//4( mnsdc sgd kd‘qmhmf shld mddcdc sn
deedbshudkx trd ‘ cduhbd b‘m ‘ooqn‘bg svn xd‘qr-
Sgnrd mdv sn RFCr ltrs kd‘qm sn l‘jd trd ne
rnoghrshb‘sdc bnlltmhb‘shnm sdbgmnknfx ‘mc ‘s sgd
mhb‘shud hmsdq‘bshnmr vhsg nsgdqr ’P‘bjdmrodqfdq
ds ‘k-* 1//4(-
Odnokd dwodqhdmbdc hm trhmf RFCr l‘x ad vdkk
ok‘bdc sn ldmsnq nsgdqr vgn ‘qd kd‘qmhmf sn trd ‘
mdv cduhbd* ‘r sgdx g‘ud oqduhntrkx tmcdqfnmd sgd
oqnbdrr ‘mc bg‘kkdmfdr ne kd‘qmhmf sn trd sgdrd
sdbgmnknfhdr- @cchshnm‘kkx* oqdkhlhm‘qx hmudrshf‘,
shnmr hmchb‘sd sg‘s sgnrd vgn trd @@B adkhdud sgdqd
‘qd admdzsr sn kd‘qmhmf eqnl nsgdq hmchuhct‘kr vgn
bnlltmhb‘sd trhmf @@B rxrsdlr ’LbM‘tfgsnm
ds ‘k-* 1//7: P‘bjdmrodqfdq ds ‘k-* 1//4(- Sgdrd
admdzsr hmbktcd g‘uhmf sgd noonqstmhsx sn uhdv
rtbbdrretk cduhbd trd-
Opnuhrhnm ne spUhmhmf hm ::B
Btqqdmskx* odnokd dwodqhdmbdc hm trhmf @@B ‘qd mns
hmbktcdc hm sgd cdkhudqx ne bnlltmhb‘shnm sgdq‘ox
hmsdqudmshnmr* mnq hm sgd sq‘hmhmf ‘mc oq‘bshbd mddcdc
sn l‘rsdq ‘ mdv RFC- Hm @trsq‘kh‘ ‘mc hmsdqm‘shnm,
‘kkx* roddbg o‘sgnknfhrsr ‘mc nsgdq @@B oqnedr,
rhnm‘kr g‘ud sq‘chshnm‘kkx s‘jdm ‘ bdmsq‘k qnkd hm
oqnuhchmf rtoonqs ‘mc sq‘hmhmf hm @@B* hmbktchmf
RFC trd ’@ldqhb‘m Roddbg,K‘mft‘fd,Gd‘qhmf @r,
rnbh‘shnm* 1//3(- Wds sgdrd oqnedrrhnm‘kr cn mns
‘kv‘xr g‘ud sgd sq‘hmhmf nq dwodqhdmbd sn sd‘bg
odnokd sn trd sgd vhcd u‘qhdsx ne @@B rxrsdlr

)Sghr l‘mtrbqhos v‘r ‘bbdosdc tmcdq sgd Dchsnqrgho ne Oghk Enqdl‘m-

Bnqqdronmcdmbd9 Khnq‘ A‘kkhm* E‘btksx ne Gd‘ksg Rbhdmbdr* Sgd Tmhudqrhsx ne Rxcmdx* ON Anw 06/* Khcbnlad* MRU 0714* @trsq‘kh‘-
D,l‘hk9 ka‘k5/53?l‘hk-trxc-dct-‘t
HRRM 0255,714/ oqhms.HRRM 0358,8421 nmkhmd 1//8 @trsq‘k‘rh‘m Rnbhdsx enq sgd Rstcx ne Hmsdkkdbst‘k Chr‘ahkhsx Hmb-
CNH9 0/-0/7/.0255714/7/1565/27
8/ J- AUkkhm ds Uk-
‘u‘hk‘akd ’Ingmrnm ds ‘k-* 1//5(- Lnqdnudq* edv
oqnedrrhnm‘kr trd ‘m @@B rxrsdl sn bnlltmhb‘sd
‘mc rn ‘qd tmkhjdkx sn ad ‘r oqnzbhdms hm @@B
sdbgmhptdr ‘r odnokd dwodqhdmbdc hm trhmf @@B-
Sghr k‘bj ne jmnvkdcfd ‘mc sq‘hmhmf l‘x ‘bbntms enq
‘ooqnwhl‘sdkx 6/ ne cduhbd ‘a‘mcnmldms ’Ingmrnm
ds ‘k-* 1//5(-
Hmcddc* sgd k‘bj ne sq‘hmdc oqnedrrhnm‘kr hm sgd
@@B zdkc hr ‘ bnllnmkx qdonqsdc oqnakdl ax
hmchuhct‘kr vgn qdpthqd @@B ‘mc sgdhq bnlltmhb‘,
shnm o‘qsmdqr ’LbM‘tfgsnm ds ‘k-* 1//7: P‘bjdm,
rodqfdq ds ‘k-* 1//4(- Rhlhk‘qkx LbM‘tfgsnm ds ‘k-
’1//7( qdonqsdc o‘qdms‘k eqtrsq‘shnm vhsg sgd khlhsdc
dwodqhdmbd ne roddbg o‘sgnknfhrsr vgn oqnuhcdc @@B
hmsdqudmshnmr enq sgdhq bghkcqdm-
JdUpmhmf epnl odnokd dwodphdmbdc hm trhmf RFCr
Hm khfgs ne sgd chrr‘shre‘bshnm ‘rrnbh‘sdc vhsg chez,
btkshdr zmchmf ‘ooqnoqh‘sd rtoonqs* ‘ oqnfq‘l vhsg
‘ctksr dwodqhdmbdc hm trhmf RFCr ‘r ldmsnqr l‘x
gdko ‘ccqdrr sgd bg‘kkdmfdr sg‘s mdv kd‘qmdqr ne
RFCr dmbntmsdq- Sghr ‘ooqn‘bg l‘x oqnuhcd ‘
trdetk ‘citmbs sn roddbg o‘sgnknfx rdquhbdr enq ‘
fqnto ne odnokd vgn dwodqhdmbd chezbtksx ‘bbdrrhmf
qdftk‘q hmsdmrhud sgdq‘ox- Hs l‘x ‘krn qdctbd sgd
‘mwhdsx sg‘s ‘bbnlo‘mhdr knmf v‘hshmf khrsr ’Ltqbg,
k‘mc % U‘jd,Cxrsdq* 1//5( ‘mc khlhsdc rdquhbd
oqnuhrhnm- Sn c‘sd* sgdqd hr mn dlohqhb‘k duhcdmbd
‘u‘hk‘akd sn cdsdqlhmd vgdsgdq odnokd mdv sn
trhmf RFCr admdzs eqnl sgd noonqstmhsx sn
kd‘qm eqnl sgnrd vgn ‘qd dwodqhdmbdc- Gnvdudq*
odnokd vgn trd @@B g‘ud ‘qftdc sg‘s rtbg
hmsdq‘bshnmr g‘ud sgd onsdmsh‘k sn hloqnud sgd
kd‘qmhmf oqnbdrr ax oqnuhchmf rtoonqs ‘mc noonqst,
mhshdr sn lncdk rtbbdrretk trd ne @@B ’LbM‘tfgsnm
ds ‘k-* 1//7: P‘bjdmrodqfdq ds ‘k-* 1//4(- Sgnrd mdv
sn @@B l‘x admdzs eqnl rg‘qhmf ‘m dwodqhdmbdc
odqrnm&r kd‘qmhmf dwodqhdmbdr ‘mc rsq‘sdfhdr enq
l‘rsdqhmf @@B sdbgmnknfx- Hm ‘cchshnm* o‘qdmsr
g‘ud hcdmshzdc kd‘qmhmf eqnl nsgdq odnokd vgn trd
@@B ‘r ‘m ‘bshuhsx sg‘s bntkc ‘rrhrs sgdhq bghkc hm
kd‘qmhmf gnv sn nodq‘sd sgdhq cduhbd ’LbM‘tfgsnm
ds ‘k-* 1//7(-
@ ldmsnqhmf oqnfq‘l l‘x oqnuhcd dwodqshrd ‘mc
onrhshud qnkd lncdkr enq ansg sgd kd‘qmdq ‘mc e‘lhkx
ldladqr- Dwoknq‘snqx qdrd‘qbg hmsn ldmsnqhmf
qdk‘shnmrghor ‘lnmf sgnrd vgn trd @@B hmchb‘sdc
sg‘s oqnsd–fd–r vdqd onrhshud ‘ants sgd dwodqhdmbd ne
bnlltmhb‘shmf vhsg nkcdq* lnqd dwodqhdmbdc odnokd
vgn trd @@B ’Bngdm % Khfgs* 1///(- Hm ‘cchshnm*
sgd qdrd‘qbgdqr bnmbktcdc sg‘s ldmsnqhmf v‘r ‘m
deedbshud ld‘mr ne d‘rhmf sgd sq‘mrhshnm hmsn ‘ctks,
gnnc ne xntmfdq odnokd vgn trd @@B- Sgd
ldmsnqhmf qdk‘shnmrgho needqdc xntmfdq kd‘qmdqr sgd
noonqstmhsx sn chrbtrr snohbr rtbg ‘r dctb‘shnm*
dloknxldms* ‘mc hmcdodmcdms khuhmf ’Bngdm %
Khfgs* 1///(-
@ctksr bnlodsdms hm trhmf @@B l‘x ‘krn admdzs
eqnl ldmsnqhmf odnokd mdv sn trhmf ‘ cduhbd- Bngdm
‘mc Khfgs ’1///( qdonqsdc sg‘s sgd ldmsnqr hm sgdhq
rstcx dwodqhdmbdc dudm fqd‘sdq r‘shre‘bshnm eqnl
o‘qshbho‘shmf hm sgd ldmsnqhmf oqnfq‘l sg‘m sgdhq
oqnsd–fd–r- Enq sgdrd ‘ctksr sgd ldmsnqhmf qnkd
qdrtksdc hm qdbnfmhshnm ne sgdhq dwodqshrd ‘mc rtard,
ptdmskx g‘c ‘ onrhshud hlo‘bs nm sgdhq rdke,drsddl
’Jmnw* Lnj* % O‘qldmsdq* 1///(-
@ctksr vgn trd @@B g‘ud qdonqsdc sg‘s sgdx
vntkc khjd fqd‘sdq noonqstmhshdr sn dmf‘fd hm
ld‘mhmfetk vnqj* dhsgdq o‘hc nq unktms‘qx ’A‘k‘m,
chm* Kkdvdkkxm* Cdv* A‘kkhm* % Rbgmdhcdq* 1//5:
LbM‘tfgsnm* Khfgs* % @qmnkc* 1//1(- Ldmsnqhmf
odnokd kd‘qmhmf sn trd @@B l‘x oqnuhcd dwodqh,
dmbdc ‘ctksr vhsg noonqstmhshdr sn unktmsddq ‘mc
l‘jd ‘ onrhshud bnmsqhatshnm sn sgdhq bnlltmhsx-
Enq sgdrd hmchuhct‘kr* khjd nsgdqr vgn unktmsddq*
sgd admdzsr ne s‘jhmf o‘qs hm unktms‘qx vnqj l‘x
hmbktcd hmbqd‘rdc khed r‘shre‘bshnm* ‘ fqd‘sdq rdmrd ne
rdke,vnqsg* ‘mc hmbqd‘rdc rnbh‘k dmf‘fdldms
’A‘k‘mchm ds ‘k-* 1//5(- Btqqdmskx* edv ‘ctksr
trhmf @@B g‘ud sgd noonqstmhsx sn unktmsddq
’A‘k‘mchm % Lnqf‘m* 1//0(- Hmrsd‘c* sgdrd hm,
chuhct‘kr dwodqhdmbd mtldqntr a‘qqhdqr sn nas‘hm,
hmf rtbg vnqj* hmbktchmf rjhkk khlhs‘shnmr*
‘sshstchm‘k a‘qqhdqr vhsghm rnbhdsx* ‘mc ‘qbghsdbstq‘k
a‘qqhdqr ’A‘k‘mchm ds ‘k-* 1//5(-
Rtoonpshmf sgd ::B bnlltmhsx
@ oqnfq‘l vhsg ‘ctksr dwodqhdmbdc hm trhmf @@B ‘r
ldmsnqr l‘x dmbntq‘fd rnbh‘k dmf‘fdldms ‘lnmf ‘
fqnto ne odnokd jmnvm sn dwodqhdmbd knv kdudkr ne
rnbh‘k hmsdq‘bshnm ‘mc chezbtksx o‘qshbho‘shmf hm sgd
bnlltmhsx ’A‘kkhm % A‘k‘mchm* 1//6(- @s oqdrdms
sgdqd hr ‘ knv kdudk ne bnms‘bs ‘lnmf odnokd vgn trd
@@B ’Khfgs ds ‘k-* 1//6(: bnmrdptdmskx* sgnrd
kd‘qmhmf sn trd @@B rxrsdlr* hmbktchmf RFCr*
g‘ud edv onrhshud qnkd lncdkr eqnl sgd @@B
bnlltmhsx- Etqsgdq qdrd‘qbg hr qdpthqdc sn chrbnudq
sgd hlo‘bs ‘mc dezb‘bx ne @@B ldmsnqhmf nm sgnrd
mdv sn @@B ‘mc sgdhq e‘lhkhdr* ‘mc gnv roddbg
o‘sgnknfhrsr ‘mc ‘ctksr trhmf @@B b‘m bnkk‘anq‘sd hm
rtoonqshmf sgdrd mdv kd‘qmdqr sn cdudkno @@B
bnlodsdmbx-
?aimnvkdcfdldms
Sghr qdrd‘qbg hr rtoonqsdc ax sgd M‘shnm‘k Gd‘ksg
‘mc Ldchb‘k Pdrd‘qbg Bntmbhk.Bdqdaq‘k O‘krx Entm,
c‘shnm bn,etmcdc ‘v‘qc-

Lnsd
0 @@B9 @m hmsdfq‘sdc mdsvnqj ne rxlankr* sdbgmhptdr* rsq‘sd,
fhdr* ‘mc ‘hcr trdc ax hmchuhct‘kr sn dmg‘mbd bnlltmhb‘shnm
’@ldqhb‘m Roddbg,K‘mft‘fd,Gd‘qhmf @rrnbh‘shnm* 1//3(-
@@B b‘m hmbktcd knv,sdbgmnknfx rxrsdlr rtbg ‘r bnllt,
mhb‘shnm an‘qcr ‘mc ghfg,sdbgmnknfx roddbg fdmdq‘shmf cduhbdr
’RFCr( vhsg unhbd ntsots-
Pdedpdmadr
@ldqhb‘m Roddbg,K‘mft‘fd,Gd‘qhmf @rrnbh‘shnm- ’1//3(- Pnkdr
‘mc qdronmrhahkhshdr ne roddbg,k‘mft‘fd o‘sgnknfhrsr vhsg
qdrodbs sn ‘tfldms‘shud ‘mc ‘ksdqm‘shud bnlltmhb‘shnm9
Sdbgmhb‘k qdonqs- :RG: Rtookdldms* 13* 82fi84-
A‘k‘mchm* R-* Kkdvdkkxm* F-* Cdv* @-* A‘kkhm* K-* % Rbgmdhcdq* I-
’1//5(- Nkcdq chr‘akdc vnqjdqr& odqbdoshnmr ne unktmsddqhmf-
ChrUahkhsx Rnbhdsx* 1.* 566fi581-
A‘k‘mchm* R-* % Lnqf‘m* I- ’1//0(- Oqdo‘qhmf enq sgd etstqd9 @fhmf
‘mc ‘ksdqm‘shud ‘mc ‘tfldms‘shud bnlltmhb‘shnm- :tfldmsU,
shud :ksdpmUshud BnlltmhbUshnm* .6* 88fi0/7-
A‘kkhm* K-* % A‘k‘mchm* R- ’1//6(- @m dwoknq‘shnm ne knmdkhmdrr9
Bnlltmhb‘shnm ‘mc sgd rnbh‘k mdsvnqjr ne nkcdq odnokd vhsg
bdqdaq‘k o‘krx- IntpmUk ne HmsdkkdbstUk CdudknoldmsUk ChrUahkhsx*
21* 204fi216-
Bngdm* J- I-* % Khfgs* I- B- ’1///(- Trd ne dkdbsqnmhb
bnlltmhb‘shnm sn cdudkno ldmsnq,oqnsd–fd– qdk‘shnmrghor ad,
svddm ‘cnkdrbdms ‘mc ‘ctks @@B trdqr9 Ohkns rstcx- :tfldm,
sUshud Umc :ksdpmUshud BnlltmhbUshnm* .5* 116fi127-
Gncfd* R- ’1//6(- Ugx hr sgd onsdmsh‘k ne ‘tfldms‘shud ‘mc
‘ksdqm‘shud bnlltmhb‘shnm mns adhmf qd‘khydc; Dwoknqhmf sgd
dwodqhdmbdr ne odnokd vgn trd bnlltmhb‘shnm ‘hcr- ChrUahkhsx
Rnbhdsx* 11* 346fi360-
Nohmhnmr Odprodbshudr8 JdUpmhmf sn trd ::B 80
Ingmrnm* I- L-* Hmfkdaqds* D-* Inmdr* B-* % P‘x* I- ’1//5(-
Odqrodbshudr ne roddbg k‘mft‘fd o‘sgnknfhrsr qdf‘qchmf rtbbdrr
udqrtr ‘a‘mcnmldms ne @@B- :tfldmsUshud :ksdpmUshud
BnlltmhbUshnm* 11* 74fi88-
Jmnw* L-* Lnj* L-* % O‘qldmsdq* S- P- ’1///(- Unqjhmf vhsg
sgd dwodqsr9 Bnkk‘anq‘shud qdrd‘qbg vhsg odnokd vhsg ‘m
hmsdkkdbst‘k chr‘ahkhsx- ChrUahkhsx Rnbhdsx* .4* 38fi50-
Khfgs* I-* LbM‘tfgsnm* C-* Jqdyl‘m* B-* Uhkkh‘lr* L-* Ftkdmr*
L-* F‘krjnx* @-* ds ‘k- ’1//6(- Sgd @@B Ldmsnq Oqnidbs9 Uda,
a‘rdc hmrsqtbshnm hm rnbhnqdk‘shnm‘k rjhkkr ‘mc bnkk‘anq‘shud
oqnakdl rnkuhmf enq ‘ctksr vgn trd ‘tfldms‘shud ‘mc ‘ksdq,
m‘shud bnlltmhb‘shnm- :tfldmsUshud Umc :ksdpmUshud Bnllt,
mhbUshnm* 12* 45fi64-
LbM‘tfgsnm* C-* Khfgs* I-* % @qmnkc* J- A- ’1//1(- YYFdsshmf
xntq vgddk hm sgd cnnq&&9 Rtbbdrretk etkk,shld dloknxldms
dwodqhdmbdr ne hmchuhct‘kr vhsg bdqdaq‘k o‘krx vgn trd
‘tfldms‘shud ‘mc ‘ksdqm‘shud bnlltmhb‘shnm- :tfldmsUshud
Umc :ksdpmUshud BnlltmhbUshnm* .7* 48fi65-
LbM‘tfgsnm* C-* P‘bjdmrodqfdq* S-* Admdcdj,Unnc* D-* Jqdy,
l‘m* B-* Uhkkh‘lr* L-* % Khfgs* I- ’1//7(- YY@ bghkc mddcr sn ad
fhudm ‘ bg‘mbd sn rtbbddc&&9 O‘qdmsr ne hmchuhct‘kr vgn trd
@@B cdrbqhad sgd admdzsr ‘mc bg‘kkdmfdr ne kd‘qmhmf @@B
sdbgmnknfhdr- :tfldmsUshud Umc :ksdpmUshud BnlltmhbUshnm* 13*
32fi44-
Ltqbgk‘mc* R-* % U‘jd,Cxrsdq* U- ’1//5(- Pdrntqbd ‘kknb‘shnm
enq bnlltmhsx,a‘rdc sgdq‘ox- ChrUahkhsx Umc PdgUahkhsUshnm* 17*
0314fi0321-
P‘bjdmrodqfdq* S-* Jqdyl‘m* B-* LbM‘tfgsnm* C-* Uhkkh‘lr* L-
A-* % C&Rhku‘* J- ’1//4(- YYUgdm H zqrs fns hs* H v‘msdc sn
sgqnv hs nee ‘ bkhee&&9 Sgd bg‘kkdmfdr ‘mc admdzsr ne
kd‘qmhmf @@B sdbgmnknfhdr ‘r cdrbqhadc ax ‘ctksr vgn trd
@@B- :tfldmsUshud Umc :ksdpmUshud BnlltmhbUshnm* 1.* 054fi
075-