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Lehrgebiet Pfähle – Grundlagen Thema Pfahlgründung
Geotechnik Ausgabe 9. Mai 2006
τn,k
Abb. 1: Bezeichungen und geometrische Verhältnisse bei
weiche Schicht Pfahlgründungen
DS
Ds – Pfahldurchmesser
RS,k Db – Pfahlfußdurchmesser
qS,k qb,k – charakteristischer Wert Pfahlspitzenwi-
derstand (Spitzendruck)
qs,k – charakteristischer Wert Pfahlmantelwi-
Rb,k derstand (Mantelreibung)
Voraussetzungen:
3.2 Einwirkungen
Neben Einwirkungen aus den Gründungslasten sind mindestens die folgenden grundbauspezifischen Ein-
wirkungen zu berücksichtigen:
negative Mantelreibung Schubkräfte auf die Seiten- oder Mantelfläche eines im Boden eingebetteten
Bauteils sind als ständige Einwirkungen anzusetzen, wenn damit zu rechnen ist, daß sich der Boden relativ
zum Bauteil überwiegend vertikal bewegt. Der charakteristischer Wert der negativen Mantelreibung ergibt
sich näherungsweise gemäß Gl. 1. Für nichtbindige Böden gilt Gl. 2.
τn,k = cu,k (1)
0
τn,k = σ 0 K0 tan ϕk (2)
τn,k - charakteristische Wert der negativen Mantelreibung
cu,k - charakteristische Wert der Scherfestigkeit des undrainierten Bodens
σ0 - effektive Vertikalspannung
K0 - Erdruhedruckbeiwert
0
ϕk - charakteristischer Wert des Reibungswinkels
HTW Dresden Arbeitsblätter Grundbau Arbeitsblatt GT3 – 3.2
Lehrgebiet Pfähle – Einwirkungen Thema Pfahlgründung
Geotechnik Ausgabe 9. Mai 2006
Seitendruck Biegebeanspruchung aus Seitendruck kann auftreten bei Vertikalpfählen als Folge von
horizontalen Bodenbewegungen und bei Schrägpfählen als Folge von Setzungen und Hebungen des Bodens.
In weichen, bindigen Böden kann die Untersuchung für folgende Fälle erforderlich sein:
• resultierender Erddruck aus der Differenz der Erddrücke, die auf gegenüber liegende Flächen des
im Boden eingebetteten Bauteils wirken,
• Fließdruck infolge Vorbeifließens des Bodens bei voll ausgeschöpfter Scherfestigkeit.
3.3.1 Bohrpfähle
Pfahlwiderstand Rk
ssg
Berechnung der Widerstands–Setzungs–Linie
s=0,02 DS (WSL), Wertepaare (Erfahrungswerte) zur Kon-
struktion der WSL aus Tab. 1.
s=0,03 DS
Für die Mobilisierung der Mantelreibung erfor-
Pfahlkopfsetzung s
X
R1,k (s) = Rb1,k (s) + Rs1,k (s) = qb1,k Ab + qs1,ki Asi (4)
Pfahlspitzenwiderstand qb,k in MN/m2 nach DIN 1054 Tab. B.1, B.2 und B.5
s/Ds Nichtbindiger Boden bindiger Boden Fels
2) 2 3) 2
oder bei qc in MN/m bei cu in MN/m bei qu,k4) MN/m2
s/Db1) 10 15 20 25 0,1 0,2 0,5 5 20
0,02 0,70 1,05 1,40 1,75 0,35 0,90
0,03 0,90 1,35 1,80 2,25 0,45 1,10 1,5 5 10
0,1 (=sg) 2,00 3,00 3,50 4,00 0,80 1,50
Zwischenwerte geradlinig interpolieren. Bohrpfähle mit Fußverbreiterung: Werte auf 75%
abmindern.
Bruchwert der Pfahlmantelreibung qs,k in MN/m2 nach DIN 1054 Tab. B.3 bis B.5
Nichtbindiger Boden bindiger Boden Fels
bei qc2) in MN/m2 bei cu3) in MN/m2 bei qu,k4) MN/m2
0 5 10 15 0,025 0,1 0,2 0,5 5 20
0,00 0,04 0,08 0,12 0,025 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,5 0,5
1)
Bezogene Pfahlkopfsetzung: s Pfahlkopfsetzung, Ds Pfahlschaftdurchmesser, Db
Pfahlfußdurchmesser.
2)
Spitzenwiderstand Drucksonde DIN 4094 (Spitzenquerschnittsfläche 10cm2).
3)
Undrainierte Kohäsion des Bodens
4)
Einaxiale Druckfestigkeit nach Empfehlungen des AK Versuchstechnik im Fels der DGGT.
3.4.1 Bohrpfähle
Sind die Verformungen der Pfahlgründung für das Gesamttragwerk von Bedeutung (zulässige Setzungen)
ist der Nachweis gegen Verlust der Gebrauchstauglichkeit zu führen. Der Wert für R2,k ergibt sich aus
der Widerstands-Setzungs-Linie in Abhängigkeit des Betrags der zulässigen Setzung.
Für die Anwendung der Erfahrungswerte zum Nachweis des GZ2 sind folgende Anforderungen an den
Boden nachzuweisen:
- ausreichend tragfähiger nichtbindiger Boden, Spitzenwiderstand der Drucksonde von qc ≥ 10
MN/m2
- annähernd halbfester bindiger Boden mit IC ≥ 1, 0 bzw. cu ≥ 150 kN/m2 .
Erhöhung der Pfahlwiderstände für den GZ2 um 25% zulässig, wenn nichtbindiger Boden mit qc ≥ 15
MN/m2 oder halbfester bindiger Boden mit IC ≥ 1, 0 bzw. cu ≥ 200 kN/m2 ansteht.
HTW Dresden Arbeitsblätter Grundbau Arbeitsblatt GT3 – 3.5
Lehrgebiet Pfähle – Nachweis Thema Pfahlgründung
Geotechnik Ausgabe 9. Mai 2006
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σ1 I
I V
I I I I I
σ2
I I
I I I
3
Randspannungen unter der Flächengründung berechnen.
Trapez in Teilflächen unterteilen. Trennungslinie liegt je-
1 2 3 4 5 I V
x
V Mx My
Pk = + yA − xA (7)
n Ix Iy
y1 X X X
a Ix = n I1 + A y2 ≈ A y2 = A y2
x1 y
n - Anzahl der Pfähle
A, I
Ix - Flächenmoment 2. Grades bezogen auf die
x-Achse
b
I1 - Flächenmoment 2. Grades des Einzelpfahls
- (ohne Steiner Anteil)
A - Querschnittsfläche des Einzelpfahles
x, y - Abstände der Pfähle zum Schwerpunkt
des Pfahlrostes