Graphical Approach to College Algebra 6th

Edition Hornsby

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

What is the domain of f(x)? What is its range?

3
1) f(x) =
x
A) Domain: (- ∞, 3) ∪ (3, ∞); range: (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞ ) B) Domain: (- ∞ , 3) ∪ (3, ∞); range: (0,
∞)
C) Domain: (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞); range: (0, ∞) D) Domain: (- ∞ , 0) ∪ (0, ∞); range: (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0,
∞)

Answer: D

8
2) f(x) = -
x
A) Domain: (- ∞, -8) ∪ (-8, ∞); range: (- ∞, 0) B) Domain: (- ∞ , 0) ∪ (0, ∞); range: (-
∞ , 0)
C) Domain: (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞); range: (- ∞ , 0) ∪ (0, ∞) D) Domain: (- ∞ , -8) ∪ (-8, ∞); range: (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0,
∞)

Answer: C

9
3) f(x) = + 10
x
A) Domain: (- ∞, 10) ∪ (10, ∞); range: (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0,
∞ ) B) Domain: (- ∞ , 9) ∪ (9, ∞ ); range: (- ∞ , 10) ∪
(10, ∞) C) Domain: (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞); range: (- ∞, 10)
∪ (10, ∞ )
D) Domain: (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞); range: (- ∞ , -10) ∪ (-10,
∞) Answer: C
1
 1
4) f(x) =
x+2
A) Domain: (- ∞ , 0) ∪ (0, ∞); range: (- ∞, -2) ∪ (-2, ∞) B) Domain: (- ∞ , 2) ∪ (2, ∞); range: (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0,
∞)
C) Domain: (- ∞, -2) ∪ (-2, ∞); range: (0, ∞) D) Domain: (- ∞ , -2) ∪ (-2, ∞); range: (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0,
∞)

Answer: D

1
5) f(x) = +3
x-1
A) Domain: (- ∞ , 3) ∪ (3, ∞); range: (- ∞, -1) ∪ (-1, ∞ ) B) Domain: (- ∞ , 1) ∪ (1, ∞); range: (- ∞, 3) ∪ (3,
∞)
C) Domain: (- ∞, 3) ∪ (3, ∞); range: (- ∞, 1) ∪ (1, ∞) D) Domain: (- ∞ , -1) ∪ (-1, ∞); range: (- ∞, 3) ∪ (3,
∞)

Answer: B

0.2
6) f(x) = +1
x2
A) Domain: (- ∞, 1) ∪ (1, ∞); range: (0, ∞) B) Domain: (- ∞ , 0) ∪ (0, ∞); range: (-
1, ∞) C) Domain: (- ∞ , 0.2) ∪ (0.2, ∞); range: (-∞ , 1) D) Domain: (- ∞ , 0) ∪ (0, ∞ );
range: (1, ∞)
Answer: D

1
7) f(x) =
(x + 4)2
A) Domain: (- ∞, -4) ∪ (-4, ∞); range: (0, ∞) B) Domain: (- ∞ , 0) ∪ (0, ∞); range: (- ∞, -4) ∪ (-
4, ∞ ) C) Domain: (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞); range: (- ∞, 4) ∪ (4, ∞ ) D) Domain: (- ∞ , -4) ∪ (-4, ∞); range: (- ∞,
0) ∪ (0, ∞ )
Answer: A

2
 1
8) f(x) = +2
(x - 4)2
A) Domain: (- ∞, -2) ∪ (-2, ∞); range: (- ∞ , 0) ∪ (0, ∞) B) Domain: (- ∞ , 2) ∪ (2, ∞); range: (0, ∞)
C) Domain: (- ∞, 4) ∪ (4, ∞); range: (2, ∞) D) Domain: (-∞ , -4) ∪ (-4, ∞); range: (- ∞,
2)
Answer: C

-3
9) f(x) =
(x - 1)2
A) Domain: (- ∞, 1) ∪ (1, ∞); range: ( 0, ∞) B) Domain: (- ∞ , 1) ∪ (1, ∞); range: (- ∞, 0)
C) Domain: (- ∞, 1) ∪ (1, ∞); range: (- ∞, 3) D) Domain: (- ∞ , -1) ∪ (-1, ∞); range: (- ∞,
0)
Answer: B

-1
10) f(x) = +
2 (x - 4)2
A) Domain: (- ∞, 4) ∪ (4, ∞); range: (- ∞, 2) B) Domain: (- ∞ , 4) ∪ (4, ∞); range: (- ∞, 0)
C) Domain: (- ∞, 4) ∪ (4, ∞); range: ( 2, ∞) D) Domain: (- ∞ , -4) ∪ (-4, ∞); range: (- ∞,
2)
Answer: A

Provide an appropriate
response.
1
11) What is the largest interval over which f(x) = decreases?
x
A) none B) (-∞, 0) C) (0, ∞) D) (-∞, 0) ∪ (0,
∞) Answer: D

1
12) What is the largest interval over which f(x) = increases?
x2
A) none B) (-∞, 0) C) (-∞ , ∞) D) (0,
∞) Answer: B

What are the equations of the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of the graph of the given equation?
4
13) y =
x
A) Vertical: x = 0; horizontal: y = 4 B) Vertical: x = 0; horizontal: y = 0
C) Vertical: y = 0; horizontal: x = 0 D) Vertical: y = 0; horizontal: x = 4
Answer: B

9
14) y = + 10
x
A) Vertical: x = 9; horizontal: y = 10 B) Vertical: x = 0; horizontal: y = 9
C) Vertical: x = 0; horizontal: y = 10 D) Vertical: y = 10; horizontal: x = 9
Answer: C

3
 1
15) y = +3
(x - 5)2
A) Vertical: x = 5; horizontal: y = 3 B) Vertical: x = 0; horizontal: y = 5
C) Vertical: x = 5; horizontal: y = 0 D) Vertical: x = 3; horizontal: y = 5
Answer: A

4
Is f(x) an even or odd function? What symmetry does its graph exhibit?
1
16) f(x) =
x
A) Even; symmetry with respect to the y-axis B) Odd; symmetry with respect to the
origin
C) Odd; symmetry with respect to the y-axis D) Even; symmetry with respect to the
origin
Answer: B

1
17) f(x) = -
x
A) Odd; symmetry with respect to the y-axis B) Odd; symmetry with respect to the
origin
C) Even; symmetry with respect to the origin D) Even; symmetry with respect to the y-
axis
Answer: B

1
18) f(x) =
x2
A) Odd; symmetry with respect to the y-axis B) Even; symmetry with respect to the y-
axis
C) Even; symmetry with respect to the origin D) Odd; symmetry with respect to the
origin
Answer: B

1
19) f(x) = -
x2
A) Even; symmetry with respect to the y-axis B) Odd; symmetry with respect to the y-
axis
C) Even; symmetry with respect to the origin D) Odd; symmetry with respect to the
origin
Answer: A

1 1
Explain how the graph of f can be obtained from the graph of y = or y = .
x x2
2
20) f(x) =
x
1
A) Shift the graph of y = to the left 2
units. x

1
B) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 2 and reflect across the x-axis or the y-
axis. x
1
C) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of
2. x
1
D) Shift the graph of y = to the right 2
units. x
Answer: C
5
 2
21) f(x) =
x + 13
1
A) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 2 and shift to the left 13
units. x
1
B) Shift the graph of y = to the left 13 units and downward 2
units. x
1
C) Shift the graph of y = to the right 2 units and upward 13
units. x
1
D) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 13 and shift to the left 2
units. x
Answer: A

5
22) f(x) =
x - 19
1
A) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 19 and shift to the right 5
units. x
1
B) Shift the graph of y = to the left 19 units and downward 5
units. x
1
C) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 5 and shift to the right 19
units. x
1
D) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 5 and shift to the left 19
units. x
Answer: C

1
23) f(x) = +
11 x - 6
1
A) Shift the graph of y = to the left 11 units and downward 6
units. x
1
B) Shift the graph of y = to the left 6 units and downward 11
units. x
1
C) Shift the graph of y = to the right 11 units and upward 6
units. x
1
D) Shift the graph of y = to the right 6 units and upward 11
units. x
Answer: D

6
 0.7
24) f(x) = - -
8x
1
A) Shift the graph of y = to the right 0.7 units and upward 8
units. x
1
B) Shift the graph of y = to the left 8 units and downward 0.7
units. x
1 7
C) Shrink the graph of y = by a factor of and reflect it across the x-axis or the y-axis, and shift
x 10
downward 8 units.
1 7
D) Shrink the graph of y = by a factor of and reflect it across the x-axis, and shift to the left 8
units.
x 10
Answer: C

1
25) f(x) = +
13 (x - 10)2
1
A) Shift the graph of y = to the left 13 units and downward 10
units. x2

1
B) Shift the graph of y = to the right 13 units and upward 10
units. x2

1
C) Shift the graph of y = to the right 10 units and upward 13
units. x2

1
D) Shift the graph of y = to the left 10 units and downward 13
units. x2

Answer: C

1
26) f(x) = - -
4 x2

1
A) Reflect the graph of y = across the y-axis, and shift to the left 4
units. x2

1
B) Shift the graph of y = to the right 1 unit and upward 4
units. x2

1
C) Reflect the graph of y = across the x-axis, and shift downward 4
units. x2

1
D) Shift the graph of y = to the left 4 units and downward 1
unit. x2

Answer: C

7
 4
27) f(x) =
(x + 9)2
1
A) Shift the graph of y = to the left 9 units and downward 4
units. x2

1
B) Shift the graph of y = to the right 4 units and upward 9
units. x2

1
C) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 4, and shift to the left 9
units. x2

1
D) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 9, and shift to the left 4
units. x2

Answer: C

-8
28) f(x) =
(x + 17)2
1
A) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 8, reflect across the x-axis, and shift to the
right 17 x2
units.
1
B) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 8, reflect across the x-axis, and shift to the left 17
units. x2

1
C) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 8 and shift to the left 17
units. x2

1
D) Stretch the graph of y = vertically by a factor of 8 and shift to the right 17
units. x2

Answer: B

Sketch the graph of the

function.
4
29) f(x) =
x
y
6

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2

-4

-6

8
 A) B)
y y
6 6

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

C) D)
y y
6 6

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

Answer: D

6
30) f(x) = -
x
y
10

-10 10 x

-10

9
 A) B)
y y
10 10

-10 10 x -10 10 x

-10 -10

C) D)
y y
10 10

-10 10 x -10 10 x

-10 -10

Answer: B

1
31) f(x) =
x-1
y
6

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2

-4

-6

10
 A) B)
y y
6 6

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

C) D)
y y
6 6

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

Answer: A

1
32) f(x) = +2
x
y
6

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2

-4

-6

11
 A) B)
y y
6 6

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

C) D)
y y
6 6

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

Answer: D

7
33) f(x) =
x2
y
10

-10 10 x

-10

12
 A) B)
y y
10 10

-10 10 x -10 10 x

-10 -10

C) D)
y y
10 10

-10 10 x -10 10 x

-10 -10

Answer: C

1
34) f(x) =
(x + 3)2
y
10

-10 10 x

-10

13
 A) B)
y y
10 10

-10 10 x -10 10 x

-10 -10

C) D)
y y
10 10

-10 10 x -10 10 x

-10 -10

Answer: A

10
35) f(x) = -
3 x2

y
10

-10 10 x

-10

14
 A) B)
y y
10 10

-10 10 x -10 10 x

-10 -10

C) D)
y y
10 10

-10 10 x -10 10 x

-10 -10

Answer: D

15
Identify the graph of the rational function.
1
36) f(x) =
x+2
A) B)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

C) D)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

Answer: A

16
 -1
37) f(x) =
x+2
A) B)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

C) D)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

Answer: D

17
 1
38) f(x) =
(x + 2)2
A) B)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

C) D)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

Answer: B

18
 -1
39) f(x) =
(x + 2)2
A) B)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

C) D)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

Answer: D

19
 1
40) f(x) =
x+1
A) B)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

C) D)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

Answer: C

20
 -1
41) f(x) =
x+1
A) B)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

C) D)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

Answer: A

21
 1
42) f(x) =
(x + 1)2
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4
A) B)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4
C) D)
Answer: B

22
 -1
43) f(x) =
(x + 1)2
A) B)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

C) D)
y y
4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

Answer: B

Rewrite f(x) = (ax + b)/(x + c) in f(x) = a + d/(x + c) form.

x+
44) f(x) =
2
x+
1
3 1 1 3
A) f(x) = 1 - B) f(x) = 1 + C) f(x) = 1 - D) f(x) = 1 +
x+1 x+1 x+1 x+1

Answer: B

x-
45) f(x) =
3
x 1 1 7
-4 B) f(x) = 1 + C) f(x) = 1 - D) f(x) = 1 +
x-4 x-4 x-4
7
A) f(x) = 1 -
x-4
x+2
Answer: B

-2x -
46) f(x) =
3x+
2 1 7
B) f(x) = - 2 + C) f(x) = - 2 +
1 23 x+2 x+2
A) f(x) = - 2 -
 7
D) f(x) = -2 -
x+2

Answer: B

24
 3x -
47) f(x) =
5
x-
2 11 11 1
B) f(x) = 3 + C) f(x) = 3 - D) f(x) = 3 +
x-2 x-2 x-2
1
A) f(x) = 3 -
x-2

Answer: D

Graph f(x) by rewriting f(x) = (ax + b)/(x + c) in f(x) = a + d/(x + c) form.

x+ y
48) f(x) = 4
2
x+ 3
1
2
1

1 1 2 3 4 x
-1
-2
-3
-4 -3 -2 - -4

B)
y y
4 4
3 3
A)
2 2
1 1

-2 -1 2 3 4 x -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 x
-1 1 -1
-2 -2

-3 -3
-4 -4

D)
y y
4 4
-4 -3 3 3
C)
2 2
1 1

-2 -1 1 2 x -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 x
-1 3 -4 -1
4
-2 -2
-3 -3
-4 -3 -4 -4

Answer: D

25
 x-3
49) f(x) =
x-4
y
8

-8 -4 4 8 x

-4

-8

A) B)
y y
8 8

4 4

-8 -4 4 8 x -8 -4 4 8 x

-4 -4

-8 -8

C) D)
y y
8 8

4 4

-8 -4 4 8 x -8 -4 4 8 x

-4 -4

-8 -8

Answer: C

26
 -2x -
50) f(x) =
3x+
2
y
8

-8 -4 4 8 x

-4

-8

A) B)
y y
8 8

4 4

-8 -4 4 8 x -8 -4 4 8 x

-4 -4

-8 -8

C) D)
y y
8 8

4 4

-8 -4 4 8 x -8 -4 4 8 x

-4 -4

-8 -8

Answer: C

27
 3x -
51) f(x) =
5
x-
2
y
8

-8 -4 4 8 x

-4

-8

A) B)
y y
8 8

4 4

-8 -4 4 8 x -8 -4 4 8 x

-4 -4

-8 -8

C) D)
y y
8 8

4 4

-8 -4 4 8 x -8 -4 4 8 x

-4 -4

-8 -8

Answer: C

Match the description with the appropriate rational function.

52) The x-intercept is (3, 0).
x-3 x+3 3x - x+
A) f(x) = B) f(x) = C) f(x) = D) f(x) =
x+9 x+9 1x+ 9
9 x-
3
Answer: A

28
 53) The y-intercept is (0,
4). x-8 x+8 x+
B) f(x) = C) f(x) = D) f(x) =
2x - x-2 x-2 4
A) f(x) = x-
1x+ 2
4

Answer: B

54) The horizontal asymptote is y = 2.

A) f(x) =
2 2x - 1 2x2 - x+2
x-2 B) f(x) = C) f(x) = D) f(x) =
x+9 1 x+9
x+
9

Answer: B
55) The vertical asymptote is x =
5. x+9 x+9 5x -
B) f(x) = C) f(x) = D) f(x) =
x-5 x-5 x+5 1x+
A) f(x) = 9
x+9

Answer: B

56) There is a "hole" in its graph at x = 2.

x+2 x+9 (x - 2)(x + 9) 2x - 1
A) f(x) = B) f(x) = C) f(x) = D) f(x) =
(x + 9)(x + 2) x-2 (x + 5)(x - 2) x+9

Answer: C

57) The x-axis is its horizontal asymptote.

x- 9 x+4 4x -
A) f(x) = B) f(x) = C) f(x) = D) f(x) =
4 x-4 x+9 1x+
x 9

Answer: B

58) The y-axis is its vertical asymptote.

x- 9 4x - x+4
A) f(x) = B) f(x) = C) f(x) = D) f(x) =
4 x - 4 1x+ x+9
x 9

Answer: A

Give the equations of any asymptotes of the type specified for the graph of the rational function.
5
59) f(x) = ;
vertical x - 8
A) y = 8 B) x = -8 C) x = 8 D) None
Answer: C

8x + 4
60) f(x) = ; vertical
2x - 9
9
2 9
A) x = 4 B) x = - 29 C) x =
 2
D) x =
2
9
Answer: C

x-9
61) f(x) = ;
vertical x2 + 9
A) x = -9 B) x = 9 C) x = 3, x = -3 D) None
Answer: D

30
 x2 + 2x - 9
62) f(x) = ;
oblique x - 4
A) y = x + 6 B) x = y + 6 C) y = x - 9 D) None
Answer: A

x+5
63) f(x) = ; oblique
2
2x + 6x - 4
A) y = x + 2 B) y = x + 5 C) x = y + 2 D) None
Answer: D

3x2 + 3
64) f(x) = ;
horizontal
=23- 3
A) y3x B) y = 1 C) y = -3 D) None
Answer: B

2x2 - 4x - 2
65) f(x) = ; horizontal
3x2 - 5x + 9
2 4
A) y = B) y = C) y = 0 D) None
3 5
Answer: A

x2 + x - 8
66) f(x) = ;
horizontal x - 8

A) y = 8 B) y = 6 C) y = -1 D) None
Answer: D

x2 - 5x + 5
67) f(x) = ;
oblique x + 8
A) x = y + 5 B) y = x + 10 C) y = x - 13 D) None
Answer: C

5x - 11
68) f(x) = ;
vertical x2 + 2x - 48
A) x = 6, x = -8 B) y = 6, y = -8 C) y = 5 D) x = -6, x =
8
Answer: A

31
Identify any vertical, horizontal, or oblique asymptotes in the graph of y = f(x). State the domain of f.
69)
10 y

8
6
4
2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 x
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10

A) Vertical: x = -3; horizontal: y = 2; (- ∞, 2) ∪ (2, ∞)

B) Vertical: x = 2; horizontal: y = -3; (- ∞, -3) ∪ (-3,
∞ ) C) Vertical: x = 2; horizontal: y = -3; (- ∞ , 2) ∪ (2,
∞)
D) Vertical: x = -3; horizontal: y = 2; (- ∞, -3) ∪ (-3, ∞)
Answer: C
70)
10 y

8
6
4
2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 x
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
A) Vertical: x = ± 2; horizontal: y = -4; (-∞ , -2) ∪ (-2, ∞ )
B) Vertical: x = ± 2; horizontal: y = -4; (-∞ , -2) ∪ (-2, 2) ∪ (2,
∞ ) C) Vertical: x = - 4; horizontal: y = ± 2; (- ∞ , - 4) ∪ ( - 4, ∞ )
D) Vertical: x = -4; horizontal: y = ± 2; (-∞ , -2) ∪ (-2, 2) ∪ (2, ∞)
Answer: B

32
71)
10
8
6
4
2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10

A) Vertical: x = 2; oblique: y = x - 2; (- ∞, 2) ∪ (2, ∞)

B) Vertical: x = -2; oblique: y = x + 2; (- ∞, -2) ∪ (-2, ∞ )
C) Vertical: x = -2; oblique: y = x - 2; (- ∞, -2) ∪ (-2, ∞)
D) Vertical: x = -2; oblique: y = x + 2; (- ∞, 2) ∪ (2, ∞ )
Answer: C

72)

20

10

-20 -10 10 20

-10

-20

A) Vertical: x = 4; oblique: y = x + 5; (- ∞, -4) ∪ (-4,

∞ ) B) Vertical: x = -4; oblique: y = x - 5; (- ∞ , -4) ∪ (-
4, ∞) C) Vertical: x = -4; oblique: x = y - 5; (- ∞, -4) ∪
(-4, ∞) D) Vertical: x = 4; oblique: y = x + 5; (- ∞, 4) ∪
(4, ∞)
Answer: B

73)
y
5
4
3
2
1

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5

A) Horizontal: y = 0; (- ∞ , 0) ∪ (0, ∞ ) B) Horizontal: y = 0; (-∞,

∞ ) C) Vertical: y = 0; (- ∞ , 0) ∪ (0, ∞ ) D) Horizontal: x = 0; (-
∞, ∞ )

Answer: B 33
74)
y
6

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x

-2

-4

-6

A) Vertical: x = 0; horizontal: y = -2; (- ∞, -2) ∪ (-2,

∞ ) B) Vertical: x = -2; horizontal: y = 0; (- ∞ , -2) ∪ (-

2, ∞ ) C) Vertical: x = -2; horizontal: y = 0; (- ∞, 0) ∪

(0, ∞ )
D) Vertical: x = 0; horizontal: y = -2; (- ∞ , 0) ∪ (0,
∞)

Answer: B

34
Sketch the graph the rational function, including all asymptotes.
x-
75) f(x) =
3
x
+4

A) B)
y y
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2
-2 2 4 6 8 10 x -10 -8 -6 -4 -2
-2 2 4 6 8 10 x

-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

C) D)
y y
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 x -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 x
-2 -2
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

Answer: A

35
 x2 + 3
76) f(x) =
x+1

A) B)
y y
24 24

16 16

8 8

-24 -16 -8 8 16 24 x -24 -16 -8 8 16 24 x

-8 -8

-16 -16

-24 -24

C) D)
y y
24 24

16 16

8 8

-24 -16 -8 8 16 24 x -24 -16 -8 8 16 24 x

-8 -8

-16 -16

-24 -24

Answer: C

36
 5x
77) f(x) =
(x + 3)(x - 2)

A) B)
y y
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 x -10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 x
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

C) D)
y y
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 x -10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 x

-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

Answer: A

37
 x2 - 4
78) f(x) =
x-2

A) B)
y y
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2
-2 2 4 6 8 10 x -10 -8 -6 -4 -2
-2 2 4 6 8 10 x
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

C) D)
y y
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 x -10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 x
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

Answer: C

38
 x+1
79) f(x) =
x2 + x - 30

A) B)
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10
-2 -2
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

C) D)

10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10
-2 -2
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

Answer: C

39
 x2
80) f(x) =
x2 - x - 20

A) B)
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

C) D)

10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10
-2 -2
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

Answer: D

40
 x2 - x -
81) f(x) =
12 x + 4

A) B)
20 20

10 10

-20 -10 10 20 -20 -10 10 20

-10 -10

-20 -20

C) D)

20 20

10 10

-20 -10 10 20 -20 -10 10 20

-10 -10

-20 -20

Answer: A

41
 3x +
82) f(x) =
1
x-
1

A) B)
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10
-2 -2
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

C) D)

10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10
-2 -2
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10

Answer: D

1
83) f(x) =
2
x +1

42
 A) B)
y y
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x
-1 -1
-2 -2
-3 -3
-4 -4
-5 -5

C) D)
y y
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x
-1 -1
-2 -2
-3 -3
-4 -4
-5 -5

Answer: B

43
 x-3
84) f(x) =
x2 - 9

A) B)

6 6

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

C) D)

6 6

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

Answer: A

Sketch the graph of the rational function, including all asymptotes. Provide other information as
requested.

44
 x 3 + x2 -
85) f(x) =
2x x2 -
36

A) vertical asymptotes: x = -6 and x = B) vertical asymptotes: x = -6 and x = 6;

6; oblique asymptote: y = -x - 1

20 20

10 10

-20 -10 10 20 -20 -10 10 20

-10 -10

-20 -20

C) vertical asymptotes: x = -4 and x = D) vertical asymptotes: x = -6 and x = 6;

4; oblique asymptote: y = x +
oblique asymptote: y = x + 1
1

20 20

10 10

-20 -10 10 20 -20 -10 10 20

-10 -10

-20 -20

Answer: D

45
 x 3 + x2 -
86) f(x) =
20x x2 - 3x
- 18

A) vertical asymptotes: x = 6 and x = - B) vertical asymptotes: x = 6 and x = -3

3

10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10

-2
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10
D) vertical asymptotes: x = 6 and x = -3
C) vertical asymptotes: x = 6 and x = -
3;
10
oblique asymptote: y = x +
8
4 6
25 4
2

-25 25 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10

-4
-6
-8
-25 -10

Answer: C

46
 (x2 - 1)(4 + x)
87) f(x) =
(x2 - 16)(1 + x)

A) vertical asymptote: x = 4; B) vertical asymptote: x = 4;

horizontal asymptote: y = horizontal asymptote: y = 1
1

10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 12

-2
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10
-12
C) vertical asymptote: x = - D) vertical asymptote: x = -4;
4; horizontal asymptote: y = 1
horizontal asymptote: y =
1

12
10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 12

-2
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10
-12 -12

Answer: A

47
 x 4 - 3x 2 + 2
88) f(x) =
x4 - 24x2 + 95

A) vertical asymptotes: x = ± 5, x = ± B) vertical asymptotes: x = ± 5, x = ±

19; 19;
horizontal asymptotes: y = -1 horizontal asymptote: y = 1

10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 12
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10
-12 -12

C) vertical asymptotes: x = ± 5, x = ± D) vertical asymptotes: x = ± 5, x = ±

19; 19;
horizontal asymptote: y = 1 horizontal asymptote: y = -1

10 10
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2-2 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 12
-2
-4 -4
-6 -6
-8 -8
-10 -10
-12
Answer: C

48
 1
89) f(x) = ; State the domain and range and discuss
symmetry. x2 + 4

1 1
A) domain: (-∞, ∞ ); range - ,0 B) domain: (-∞, ∞); range - ,0
; ;
5 4
symmetry with respect to the y- symmetry with respect to the y-axis;
axis; horizontal asymptote: y = 0
horizontal asymptote: y = 0

1 1

0.5 0.5

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10

-0.5 -0.5

-1 -1

1 1
C) domain: (-∞, ∞ ); range 0, D) domain: (-∞, ∞); range 0,
; ;
4 5
symmetry with respect to the y- symmetry with respect to the y-axis;
axis; horizontal asymptote: y =
horizontal asymptote: y = 0
0

1 1

0.5 0.5

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10

-0.5 -0.5

-1 -1

Answer: C
49
 -6x2
90) f(x) = ; State the domain and range and discuss
symmetry. x2 + 6

A) domain: (-∞, ∞ ); range [0, 6); B) domain: (-∞, ∞); range (-6, 0];
symmetry with respect to the y- symmetry with respect to the y-
axis; horizontal asymptote: y = 6 axis; horizontal asymptote: y = -6;
vertical asymptotes: x = ± 6
10
8 10
6 8
4 6
2 4
2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 12
-2
-4 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 12
-2
-6 -4
-8 -6
-10 -8
-12 -10
-12

C) domain: (-∞, ∞ ); range (-6, 0]; D) domain: (-∞, ∞); range (-6, 0];
symmetry with respect to the y- symmetry with respect to the y-
axis; horizontal asymptote: y = -6; axis; horizontal asymptote: y = -6
vertical asymptotes: x = ± 6
12 10
10 8
8 6
6 4
4 2
2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 12
-2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 12 -4
-2
-6
-4
-6 -8
-8 -10
-10
-12
Answer: D

50
 4x2
91) f(x) = ; State the domain and range and discuss
symmetry. x4 + 1

A) Domain: (-∞, ∞); range [0, 1); B) domain: (-∞, ∞); range 0, - 2 ;
symmetry with respect to the y- symmetry with respect to the y-
axis; horizontal asymptote: y = 0; axis; horizontal asymptote: y = 0
vertical asymptotes: x = 1, x = -1

6
6
4
4
2
2
-6 -4 -2 2 4 6
-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 -2
-2
-4
-4
-6
-6

C) domain: (-∞, ∞ ); range [0, 1); D) domain: (-∞, ∞); range 0, 2 ;

symmetry with respect to the y- symmetry with respect to the y-axis;
axis; horizontal asymptote: y = 0
horizontal asymptote: y = 0;
vertical asymptotes: x = 1, x = -1

6
6
4
4
2
2
-6 -4 -2 2 4 6
-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 -2
-2
-4
-4
-6
-6

Answer: D

51
Use a calculator to graph the rational function in the window indicated. Use the graph to (a) give the x- and y-
intercepts, (b) explain why there are no vertical asymptotes, (c) give the equation of the oblique asymptote, and (d)
give the domain and range.
3x3 + 4x2 - 27x - 36
92) f(x) = ; [-5, 5] by [-11, 11]
x2 + x + 4
A) (a) x-intercepts: (-4, 0), - 1, 0 , (4, 0); y-intercept: 0,
12 ;
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -17, is negative.;
(c) y = 3x + 6;
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
4
B) (a) x-intercepts: (-3, 0), - , 0 , (3, 0); y-intercept: 0, 9
;
3
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -17, is
negative.; (c) y = 3x + 1;
(d) The domain and range are both [0, ∞).
4
C) (a) x-intercepts: (-3, 0), - , 0 , (3, 0); y-intercept: 0, - 9
;
3
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -15, is
negative.; (c) y = 3x + 1;
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
D) (a) x-intercepts: (-4, 0), - 1, 0 , 4, 0 ; y-intercept: 0, -
12 ;
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -15, is
negative.; (c) y = 3x + 0;
(d) The domain and range are both [0, ∞).
Answer: C

4x3 + 16x2 - 16x - 64

93) f(x) = ; [-6, 6] by [-12.7, 12.7]
2x2 - x + 6
32
A) (a) x-intercepts: (-2, 0), (-4, 0), (2, 0); y-intercept: 0, -
;
3
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -47, is
negative.; (c) y = 2x + 9;
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
32
B) (a) x-intercepts: (-2, 0), (-4, 0), (2, 0); y-intercept: 0,
;
3
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -68, is
negative.; (c) y = 2x + 9;
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
32
C) (a) x-intercepts: (-4, 0), (-2, 0), (4, 0); y-intercept: 0, -
;
3
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -47, is
negative.; (c) y = 2x + 3;
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).

52
 64
D) (a) x-intercepts: (-4, 0), (-2, 0), (4, 0); y-intercept: 0,
;
3
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -68, is
negative.; (c) y = 2x + 3;
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
Answer: A

53
 x3 + 2x2 - x - 2
94) f(x) = ; [-4, 4] by [-2.5, 2.5]
-2x2 - 2x - 4
A) (a) x-intercepts: (-4, 0), (-2, 0), (2, 0); y-intercept: 0, 1 ;
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -28, is negative.;
1 1
(c) y = x - ;
2 2
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
1
B) (a) x-intercepts: (-2, 0), (-1, 0), (1, 0); y-intercept: 0, - ;
2
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -28, is
1 1
negative.; (c) y = - x + ;
2 2
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
1
C) (a) x-intercepts: (-2, 0), (-1, 0), (1, 0); y-intercept: 0, ;
2
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -28, is negative.;
1 1
(c) y = - x - ;
2 2
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
D) (a) x-intercepts: (-4, 0), (-2, 0), (2, 0); y-intercept: 0, - 1 ;
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -28, is
1 1
negative.; (c) y = x + ;
2 2
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞,
∞ ). Answer: C

54
 -x3 - 4x2 + 9x + 36
95) f(x) = ; [-6, 6] by [-3.3, 3.3]
x2 + x + 28
12
A) (a) x-intercepts: (-4, 0), (-3, 0), (4, 0); y-intercept: 0, ;
7
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -132, is
negative.; (c) y = -x + 3;
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
12
B) (a) x-intercepts: (-4, 0), (-3, 0), (4, 0); y-intercept: 0, - ;
7
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -111, is
negative.; (c) y = x - 3;
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
9
C) (a) x-intercepts: (-3, 0), (-4, 0), (3, 0); y-intercept: 0, - ;
7
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -132, is
negative.; (c) y = x - 3;
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
9
D) (a) x-intercepts: (-3, 0), (-4, 0), (3, 0); y-intercept: 0, ;
7
(b) The denominator has no real zeros because the discriminant, -111, is
negative.; (c) y = -x - 3;
(d) The domain and range are both (-∞, ∞).
Answer: D

X- p
In the following table, Y1 is defined by a rational expression of the form . Use the table to find the values of p
and
X-q
q.
96)
X Y1
0 .4
1 .25
2 0
3 -.5
4 -2
5 ERROR
6 4
X= 0

A) p = 5; q = 2 B) p = 4; q = 5 C) p = 2; q = 5 D) p = 5; q = 4
Answer: C

55
97)
X Y1
0 .5
1 0
2 ERROR
3 2
4 1.5
5 1.3333
6 1.25
X= 0

A) p = 3; q = 2 B) p = 2; q = 3 C) p = 2; q = 1 D) p = 1; q =
2
Answer: D

98)
X Y1
0 4
1 ERROR
2 -2
3 -.5
4 0
5 .25
6 .4
X= 0

A) p = 1; q = 4 B) p = 0; q = 1 C) p = 1; q = 0 D) p = 4; q =
1
Answer: D

99)
X Y1
-2 2
-1 3
0 ERROR
1 -1
2 0
3 .33333
4 .5
X = -2

A) p = 0; q = 2 B) p = -2; q = 0 C) p = 0; q = -2 D) p = 2; q =
0
Answer: D

56
100)
X Y1
-2 0
-1 -.5
0 -2
1 ERROR
2 4
3 2.5
4 2
X = -2

A) p = 1; q = -2 B) p = 0; q = 1 C) p = 1; q = 0 D) p = -2; q = 1
Answer: D

101)
X Y1
-2 .16667
-1 0
0 -.25
1 -.6667
2 -1.5
3 -4
4 ERROR
X = -2

A) p = 3; q = -1 B) p = -1; q = 4 C) p = 4; q = -1 D) p = -1; q = 3
Answer: B

102)
X Y1
-5 2
-4 2.5
-3 4
-2 ERROR
-1 -2
0 -.5
1 0
X = -5

A) p = -2; q = -1 B) p = -2; q = 1 C) p = 1; q = -2 D) p = -1; q = -

2
Answer: C

57
103)
X Y1
-4 1.5
-3 2
-2 ERROR
-1 0
0 .5
1 .66667
2 .75
X = -4

A) p = -3; q = -2 B) p = -1; q = -2 C) p = -2; q = -3 D) p = -2; q = -

1
Answer: B

104)
X Y1
-5 .25
-4 0
-3 -.5
-2 -2
-1 ERROR
0 4
1 2.5
X = -5

A) p = 0; q = -1 B) p = -1; q = -4 C) p = -1; q = 0 D) p = -4; q = -

1
Answer: D

105)
X Y1
-4 2
-3 3
-2 ERROR
-1 -1
0 0
1 .33333
2 .5
X = -4

A) p = -4; q = -2 B) p = -2; q = -4 C) p = -2; q = 0 D) p = 0; q = -2

Answer: D

58
Choose the equation that matches the rational function graphed.
106)
y
8
6
4
2
-8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 x
-2
-4
-6

x+2 x(x + x+1 x(x +

A) f(x) = B) f(x) = C) f(x) = D) f(x) =
(x + 1)2 1) (x + (x + 2)2 2) (x +
2)2 1)2

Answer: D

107)
y
8
6
4
2
-8 -4 4 8 x
-2
-4
-6

(x - 2)2 x-2
A) f(x) = B) f(x) =
x-4
(x - 4)(x - 2)
(x + 2)2
(x - 4)2 D) f(x) =
C) f(x) = (x + 4)(x + 2)
(x - 2)(x - 4)

Answer: A

108)
y
5
4
3
2
1

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 x
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
3 3 3 3
A) f(x) = B) f(x) = C) f(x) = D) f(x) =
x2 - 1 2
x +1 2
x +5 2
x -5

59
Answer: B

60
 109)
y
10
8
6
4
2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 46 8 10 x
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10

x-1 x+1 1 -1
A) f(x) = B) f(x) = C) f(x) = D) f(x) =
2
x +x-2 2
x +x-2 2
x +x-2 2
x +x-2

Answer: B
110)
y
10
8
6
4
2

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 x
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10

x2 -x2 x2 -x2
A) f(x) = B) f(x) = C) f(x) = D) f(x) =
x2 + x - 6 x2 + x - 6 x2 - x - 6 x2 - x - 6

Answer: C

Sketch the graph requested from the graph of a rational function y = f(x) shown below.
111) y = -f(x)
y
2

-2 -1 1 2 x

-1

-2

61
 A) B)
y y
2 2

1 1

-2 -1 1 2 x -2 -1 1 2 x

-1 -1

-2 -2

C) D)
y y
2 2

1 1

-2 -1 1 2 x -2 -1 1 2 x

-1 -1

-2 -2

Answer: D

112) y = f(-x)
y
2

-2 -1 1 2 x

-1

-2

62
 A) B)
y y
2 2

1 1

-2 -1 1 2 x -2 -1 1 2 x

-1 -1

-2 -2

C) D)
y y
2 2

1 1

-2 -1 1 2 x -2 -1 1 2 x

-1 -1

-2 -2

Answer: D

113) y = -f(x)
6 y

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2

-4

-6

63
 A) B)
6 y 6 y

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

C) D)
6 y 6 y

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

Answer: C

114) y = f(-x)
6 y

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2

-4

-6

64
 A) B)
6 y 6 y

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

C) D)
6 y 6 y

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

Answer: B

115) y = -f(x)
6 y

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2

-4

-6

65
 A) B)
6 y 6 y

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

C) D)
6 y 6 y

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

Answer: B

116) y = f(-x)
6 y

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2

-4

-6

66
 A) B)
6 y 6 y

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

C) D)
6 y 6 y

4 4

2 2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 x
-2 -2

-4 -4

-6 -6

Answer: D

Graph the rational function and all asymptotes. Label the coordinates of any points where the graph of f
intersects its
oblique asymptote.
x4 + x3 + 2x +
117) f(x) =
1 x3 + 1
y

-4 -2 2 4 x

-2

-4

67
 A) y = x + 1 B) y = -x + 1
y y

4 4

2 2
(0, 1)
(0, 1)

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

C) y = x + 1 D) y = -x + 1
y y

4 4

2 2
(0, 1) (0, 1)

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x

-2 -2

-4 -4

Answer: C

x4 + x3 + x2 - 2x +
118) f(x) =
1 x3 + 1
y

-4 -2 2 4 x

-2

-4

68
 A) y = -x + 1 B) y = x - 1
y y

(-3, 4) 4 4

2 2
(0, 1)

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x
(0, -1)

-2 -2

-4 (-3, -4) -4

C) y = -x - 1 D) y = x + 1
y y

4 4 (3, 4)

2 2
(0, 1)

-4 -2 2 4 x -4 -2 2 4 x
(0, -1)
-2 -2

-4 (3, -4) -4

Answer: D

Provide an appropriate
response.
119) Explain the behavior of the graph of f(x) as it approaches its vertical asymptote.
4
f(x) =
(x - 8)2
A) Approaches - ∞ from the left and the
right
B) Approaches ∞ from the left and the
right
C) Approaches ∞ from the left and - ∞ from the
right
D) Approaches - ∞ from the left and ∞ from the
right
Answer: B

120) Explain the behavior of the graph of f(x) as it approaches its vertical
2
asymptote. f(x) =
x-4
A) Approaches ∞ from the left and - ∞ from the
right B) Approaches - ∞ from the left and ∞ from
69
 the right C) Approaches - ∞ from the left and the
right
D) Approaches ∞ from the left and the
right
Answer: B

70
 121) Explain the behavior of the graph of f(x) as it approaches its vertical asymptote.
-2
f(x) =
x-6
A) Approaches - ∞ from the left and ∞ from the right
B) Approaches - ∞ from the left and the right
C) Approaches ∞ from the left and the right
D) Approaches ∞ from the left and - ∞ from the right
Answer: D

122) Explain the behavior of the graph of f(x) as it approaches its vertical
-5
asymptote. f(x) =
(x - 4)2
A) Approaches ∞ from the left and the right
B) Approaches - ∞ from the left and the right
C) Approaches - ∞ from the left and ∞ from the right
D) Approaches ∞ from the left and - ∞ from the right
Answer: B

x2 - 4
123) Suppose a friend tells you that the graph of f(x) = has a vertical asymptote with equation x = 2. Is
this x - 2
correct? If not, describe the behavior of the graph at x =
2.
A) This is correct.
B) This is incorrect. The graph is actually the graph of y = x + 2 with a "hole" at (2,
4). C) This is incorrect. The graph has an oblique asymptote at x = 2.
D) This is incorrect. The graph is actually the graph of y = x - 2 with a "hole" at (-2,
-4). Answer: B

The graph of a rational function y = f(x) is given below. Use the graph to give the solution set of (a) f(x) = 0, (b)
f(x) < 0, and (c) f(x) > 0. Use set notation for part (a) and interval notation for parts (b) and (c).
124)
y
8

-8 -4 4 8 x

-4

-8
A) (a) {0} (b) (-∞ , 0] (c) [0, ∞ ) B) (a) {0} (b) (- ∞, 1.4) ∪ (1.4, ∞) (c) (-1.4,
1.4) C) (a) {0} (b) (-∞ , 0) (c) (0, ∞ ) D) (a) {0,- ∞, ∞} (b) (- ∞, 0) (c) (0, ∞)
Answer: C

71
125)
y
8

-8 -4 4 8 x

-4

-8

A) (a) {∞} (b) (2, ∞) (c) (- ∞, 2) B) (a) ∅ (b) (2, ∞) (c) (- ∞, 2)

C) (a) ∅ (b) (- ∞, 2) (c) (2, ∞) D) (a) {- ∞, ∞} (b) (2, ∞) (c) (- ∞, 2)
Answer: B

126)
y
8

-8 -4 4 8 x

-4

-8

A) (a) {2} (b) (-2, ∞) (c) (- ∞, -2) B) (a) {2, -1} (b) (- ∞, -2) (c) (-2,
∞ ) C) (a) {2} (b) (-2, 2) (c) (- ∞ , -2) ∪ (2, ∞ ) D) (a) {2} (b) (- ∞, -2) (c) (-2,
∞)

Answer: C

127)
y
8

-8 -4 4 8 x

-4

-8
A) (a) {4} (b) (-∞ , 3) ∪ (3, 4] (c) (-3, 3) ∪ [4, ∞) B) (a) {4} (b) (- ∞, 3] ∪ [3, 4) (c) [-3, 3] ∪
[4, ∞) C) (a) {4} (b) (-∞ , -3) ∪ (3, 4) (c) (-3, 3) ∪ (4, ∞) D) (a) ∅ (b) (-∞ , 3) ∪ (3, 4) (c) (-3,
3) ∪ (4, ∞)
Answer: C

72
 128)
y
12

-12 -8 -4 4 8 12 x
-4

-8

-12

A) (a) {-3, 3} (b) (-4, -3) ∪ (3, 4) (c) (-∞ , -4) ∪ (-3, 3) ∪ (4,
∞ ) B) (a) {-3, 3} (b) (-4, 4) (c) (- ∞ , -4) ∪ (4, ∞ )
C) (a) {0} (b) (-4, -3) ∪ (3, 4) (c) (- ∞, -4) ∪ (-3, 3) ∪ (4,
∞ ) D) (a) {-3, 3} (b) (0, ∞ ) (c) (- ∞ , 0)

Answer: A

Solve the rational equation.

x+8
129) =0
x-9
A) {-8} B) {8} C) {-9} D) {9}
Answer:
A
6
130) =0
(x - 7)2
A) {6} B) {7} C) {-7} D) ∅

Answer:
D
9 3
131) =
x-9 7
90
A) 30 B) C) 12 D) ∅
7

Answer: A

x-5
132) = -4
x-9
31 41
31 B) - C) D) ∅
A) 3 5
5
Answer: C

-7 7
133) =-
x+1 5
44
A) 6 B) C) 4 D) ∅
5

Answer: C

73
Solve the rational inequality.
x + 23
134) <9
x+3
1 1
∪ 3, ∞ C) -3, - D) ∅
A) - ∞, -3 ∪ - ,∞ B) -∞ , -
1

2 2 2
Answer: A

-3
135) >0
-7x - 6
6 7 6
A) 0, ∞ B) -∞ , C) - ∞, - D) - ,∞
7 6 7

Answer: D

1 8
136) >
x+1 5
3 3
A) - ∞, -1 ∪ - ,∞ B) -1, - C) ,1 D) ∅
3

8 8 8

Answer: B

7
137) <0
(x + 7)2
A) (0, ∞) B) (-7, ∞) C) (- ∞ , ∞) D) ∅

Answer: D

9 6
138) >
x+9 x+9

A) (- ∞, ∞ ) B) (-∞ , -9) C) (-9, ∞ ) D) ∅

Answer: C

4 3
139) ≥
x+5 x-3

A) [-5, 3] ∪ 27, ∞ B) [-3, 5] ∪ 27, ∞ C) (-3, 5) ∪ 27, ∞ D) (-5, 3) ∪ 27,

∞

Answer: D

8 3
140) 3 + - ≤ 0
x x2
1 1 1
A) (- ∞, -3] ∪ ,∞ B) ,3 C) [-3, 0) ∪ 0, D) -3,
1

3 3 3 3
Answer: C
74
 1 1 2
141) + ≤ -
x-2 x+2 3

A) [-4, -2) ∪ (-2, 1] B) [-4, -2) ∪ [1, 2)

C) (- ∞, - 4 ] ∪ ( - 2, 1] ∪ (2, ∞) D) (- ∞, - 2 ] ∪ [ 1,
2)
Answer: B

75
 -3x + 5
142) >0
5x2 + 6
3 5
A) - ∞, - B) - ,∞
5 3
5
C) - ∞, D) (- ∞ , 0)
3
Answer: C

4x + 4
143) >0
2x2 + 4

A) - 1, ∞ B) - ∞, - 1
C) - ∞, - 1 D) (0, ∞)
Answer: A

1
144) <0
(x + 4)2
A) (- 4, 0) B) (- ∞ , - 4) C) (- ∞, ∞) D) ∅

Answer: D

-5
145) <0
x2 + 7
A) (-7, 0) B) (-∞ , -7) C) (- ∞ , ∞) D) ∅

Answer: C

x 4 + x2 + 1
146) ≥0
x2 + 3
A) (-1, 0) B) (-∞ , -1) C) (- ∞ , ∞) D) ∅

Answer: C

(x - 7)2
147) >0
x2 + 5
A) {7} B) (-∞ , 7) ∪ (7, ∞) C) (- ∞, ∞) D) ∅

Answer: B

(x - 8)2
148) ≤0
x2 + 8
A) (- ∞, 8) ∪ (8, ∞) B) {8} C) (- ∞, ∞) D) ∅

Answer: B

Find all complex solutions for the equation.

4 -15
149) + +9=0
x 2 x
4 1 3 4 1 3
A) - ,- B) ,3 C) , D) - , -3

3 3 4 3 3 4
Answer: C 76
 1 72
150) 1 + =
x x2
1 1
A) - , B) {-9, 8} C) {8, 9} D) {-8, 9}
9 8
Answer: B

5 3 12
151) - =
x - 2 x + 2 x2 - 4

A) {2} B) {-4} C) { 7} D) {-
2} Answer: D

18 20
152) =1+
x-4 x+4

A) {-12, 14} B) {-20, 14} C) {12, -14} D) ∅

Answer: C

3 7
153) 1 - =
2x 4
1
A) B) {-2} C) {2} D) -
2
1
2
Answer: B

5-x 3 7
154) + =
x 4 x
29
A) {-4} B) {-8} C) D) {8}
5

Answer: B

17 64
155) 1 - + =0
x x2
17 ± 33 15 ± 39 15 - 39 25 9
A) B) C) D) ,

2 2 2 2 2
Answer: A

x -2x 2x - 3
156) = +
2x + 2 4x + 4 x+1
3 12
A) B) - C) {3} D) {-3}
2 5

Answer: C

77
 2x 4
157) - =0
x+1 x-3

5 ± 33 5 - 33
A) B)
2 2

5 - 33 5 + 33
C) {-1, 3} D) , -1, 3,
2 2
Answer: A

16 81
158) 1 - + =0
x x2
25 9
A) {8 ± 17i} B) {9 ± 3i} C) {8 ± 17} D) ,
2 2
Answer: A
159) x-1 + 1 = 56x-
2 B) {- 7, 8} C) {7, 8} D) {- 8, 7}
1 1
A) - ,
8 7
Answer: D

160) 2x-2 - 6x -1 + 4 = 0
1 1
A) - 2, -1 B) - ,- 1 C) 2, 1 D) ,1
2 2
Answer: D
161) 56x-2 + 59x-1 =
30 3 10 3 10 3 10
B) ,- C) , D) - ,-
8 7
A) ,-
3 10 8 7 8 7 8 7
Answer: A
162) 1 + 3(3x - 3)-1 - 28(3x - 3)-2 = 0
1 10 7 4
A) {7, -4} B) - , C) ,- D) ∅

3 3 3 3
Answer: C

) -1
163) x(x + 4)-1 + x(x - 4)-1 = 32(x2 - 16
A) {4} B) {-4} C) {16} D) ∅

Answer: D

Solve the equation in part (a) graphically, expressing the solution to the nearest hundredth. Then, use the graph to
solve the associated inequalities in parts (b) and (c), expressing endpoints to the nearest hundredth.
3 3 3
6x3 - 1 6x3 - 1 6x3 - 1
164) (a) = 0; (b) > 0; (c) <0
(x2 + 11) (x2 + 11) (x2 + 11)

A) (a) {0.82} (b) (0.82, ∞) (c) (-∞ , 0.82) B) (a) {1} (b) (1, ∞ ) (c) (- ∞ , 1)
78
 C) (a) {0.17} (b) (0.17, ∞) (c) (-∞ , 0.17) D) (a) {0.30} (b) (0.30, ∞) (c) (- ∞,
0.30) Answer: A

79
 (x4 - 5) (x4 - 5) (x4 - 5)
165) (a) = 0; (b) > 0; (c) <0
(x2 - 3) (x2 - 3) (x2 - 3)

A) (a) {-1.5, 1.5} (b) (1.5, ∞) ∪ (-∞ , -1.5) (c) (-1.5, 1.5)
B) (a) {-1.5, 1.5} (b) (1.38, ∞) ∪ (- ∞, 1.38) (c) (-1.38, 1.38)
C) (a) {-1.5, 1.5} (b) (1.73, ∞) ∪ (-1.5, 1.5) ∪ (- ∞, -1.73) (c) (-1.73, -1.5) ∪ (1.5, 1.73)
D) (a) {-1.5, 1.5} (b) (-1.73, -1.5) ∪ (1.5, 1.73) (c) (1.73, ∞ ) ∪ (-1.5 1.5) ∪ (- ∞, -1.73)
Answer: C

(x2 + 6) (x2 + 6) (x2 + 6)

166) (a) = 0; (b) > 0; (c) <0
(11x3 + 3) (11x3 + 3) (11x3 + 3)

A) (a) ∅ (b) (-0.65, ∞) (c) (-∞ , -0.65) B) (a) ∅ (b) (-∞ , 0.65) (c) (-0.65, ∞ )
C) (a) {-2.45, 2.45} (b) (- ∞, 0.65) (c) (-0.65, ∞ ) D) (a) {-0.65} (b) (-0.65, ∞) (c) (-∞ ,
0.65)
Answer: A

( 2x - 19) ( 2x - 19) ( 2x - 19)

167) (a) = 0; (b) > 0; (c) <0
3
( 5x + 11) ( 5x3 + 11) ( 5x3 + 11)

A) (a) {9.5} (b) (9.5, ∞)

∪ ( - ∞ , - 1.14) (c) ( - 1.14, 3.08)
B) (a) {-1.14} (b) (-1.14, ∞) (c) (- ∞, -1.14)
C) (a) {3.08} (b) (3.08, ∞) ∪ (- ∞ , -1.14) (c) (-1.14,
3.08) D) (a) {-2.93} (b) (3.08, ∞) (c) (- ∞, 3.08)
Answer: C

0.001x3 + 2 11) (0.001x3 + 2 11) (0.001x3 + 2 11)

168) (a) = 0; (b) > 0; (c) <0
2
( 13x ) 2
( 13x ) ( 13x 2 )

A) (a) {-5.81} (b) (-5.81, ∞) (c) (- ∞, -5.81)

B) (a) {-18.79} (b) (-18.79, 0) ∪ (0, ∞) (c) (- ∞, -
18.79) C) (a) ∅ (b) (- ∞, ∞) (c) ∅
D) (a) {-18.79} (b) (-18.79, ∞) (c) (- ∞, -18.79)
Answer: B

( 11x4 + 78x2 ) ( 11x4 + 78x2 ) ( 11x4 + 78x2 )

169) (a) = 0; (b) > 0; (c) <0
(x3 + 15) (x3 + 15) (x3 + 15)

A) (a) {0} (b) (-1.57, 0) ∪ (0, ∞) (c) (- ∞, -1.57) B) (a) {0} (b) (-1.57, ∞) (c) (-∞ , -
1.57) C) (a) {0, -1.57} (b) (-1.57, 0) ∪ (0, ∞) (c) (- ∞, -1.57) D) (a) {0} (b) (-1.57, 0) ∪ (0,
∞ ) (c) ∅

Answer: A

Solve the problem.

170) If the average cost per unit C(x) to produce x units of plywood is modeled by
300
C(x) =
, x + 10
what is the unit cost for 20 units?
A) $10.00 B) $1.50 C) $15.00 D) $2.00
Answer: A
80
171) Suppose the cost per ton, f(x), to build an oil platform of x thousand tons is approximated by
212,500
f(x) =
x + 425
.
What is the cost per ton for x = 50?
A) $3825.00 B) $447.37 C) $10.00 D) $4250.00
Answer: B

172) In the following formula, f(x) is the minimum number of hours of studying required to attain a test score
of x. 0.50x
f(x) = .
100.5 - x
At least how many hours of study are needed to score 83 on the test? Round to the nearest hundredth
when necessary.
A) 100.89 hr B) 23.7 hr C) 4.51 hr D) 2.37
hr
Answer: D

173) If the average cost per unit C(x) to produce x units of plywood is given by
1500
C(x) = ,
x + 50
what do 200 units cost?
A) $60.00 B) $1499.75 C) $1500.68 D) $1200.00
Answer: D

174) Suppose the cost per ton, y, to build an oil platform of x thousand tons is
approximated by 312,500
f(x) = .
x + 625
What is the cost per ton for x = 300?
A) $300.91 B) $416.67 C) $337.84 D)
$625.12
Answer: C

175) In the following formula, f(x) is the minimum number of hours of studying required to attain a test score
of x:
0.5x
f(x) = .
100.5 - x
At least how many hours of study are needed to score 94 on the test? Round to the nearest hundredth.
A) 7.23 hr B) 14.54 hr C) 72.30 hr D) 99.97
hr
Answer: A

176) Suppose a cost-benefit model is given

by 5.3x
f(x) = ,
100 - x
where f(x) is the cost in thousands of dollars for removing x percent of a given pollutant. Find the
cost of removing 90%, and round to the nearest dollar.
A) $5300 B) $9000 C) $47,700 D) $4770
Answer: C

81
 177) At a single ticket booth, customers arrive randomly at a rate of x per hour. The average line length is
given by
x 2
f(x) = ,
400 - 20x
where 0 ≤ x < 20. To keep the wait in line reasonable, it is required that the average line length should
not exceed 5 customers. Determine the range of rates at which customers can arrive before a second
attendant is needed. Express your answer in interval form.
A) [0, 16] B) [0, 19) C) [0, 18] D) [0, 17]
Answer: D

178) If a parking ramp attendant can wait on 5 vehicles per minute and vehicles are leaving the ramp at x
vehicles per minute, then the average wait (in minutes) for a car trying to exit is modeled by the function
1
f(x) = .
5-x
1
Solve the inequality 4 ≤ ≤ 9 to determine the range of rates x that would result in average wait times
5-x
between 4 and 9 minutes. Express your answer in interval form, rounding numbers to the nearest tenth.
A) (0, 4.8) ∪ (4.9, ∞) B) (4.7, 5.0) C) (4.8, 4.9) D) (0.7, 1.5)
Answer: C

179) If f varies jointly as q2 and h, and f = 96 when q = 4 and h = 3, find q when f = 40 and h = 5.
A) 5 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
Answer: B

180) If f varies jointly as q2 and h, and f = 81 when q = 3 and h = 3, find f when q = 4 and h = 5.
A) 240 B) 48 C) 60 D) 15
Answer: A

181) Suppose y varies directly as the square of x and inversely as m. If y = 8 when x = 7 and m = 9, find y when
x = 3 and m = 4. Round to the nearest hundredth when necessary.
A) 42 B) 36.75 C) 7.71 D) 3.31
Answer: D

182) Suppose y varies directly as x and inversely as the square root of w. If y = 24 when x = 6 and w = 28,
find y when x = 7 and w = 63. Give the exact answer.
112 56
A) 56 7 B) C) D) 8 7
3 3

Answer: C

183) Hooke's Law for an elastic spring states that the distance a spring stretches varies directly as the force
applied. If a force of 20 pounds stretches a certain spring 8 inches, then how much will a force of 40 pounds
stretch the spring?
A) 4 in. B) 160 in. C) 3 in. D) 16 in.
Answer: D

184) The time it takes to complete a certain job varies inversely as the number of people working on that job.
If it takes 28 hours for 9 carpenters to frame a house, then how long will it take 49 carpenters to do the
same job? Round to the nearest tenth when necessary.
A) 5.1 hours B) 40 hours C) 49 hours D) 15.8 hours
Answer: A 82
 185) The gravitational attraction A between two masses varies inversely as the square of the distance between
them.
If the force of attraction is 4 lb when the masses are 3 ft apart, what is the attraction when the masses are
6 ft apart?
A) 4 lb B) 1 lb C) 2 lb D) 3 lb
Answer: B

186) The volume V of a given mass of gas varies directly as the temperature T and inversely as the pressure
P. If V = 345.3 in.3 when T = 370° and P = 15 lb/in.2 , what is the volume when the temperature is 160°
and the pressure is 20 lb/in.2 ?
A) 92.0 in.3 B) 122.0 in.3 C) 72.0 in.3 D) 112.0 in.3
Answer: D

187) The intensity I of light varies inversely as the square of the distance D from the source. If the intensity
of illumination on a screen 5 ft from a light is 2 foot-candles, find the intensity on a screen 20 ft from
the light.
1 1
A) foot-candle B) foot-candle C) 8 foot-candles D) 2 foot-candles
8 9
Answer: A

188) The volume of a gas varies inversely as its pressure and directly as its temperature. If a certain gas occupies a
volume of 2.5 L at a temperature of 380 K and a pressure of 24 N/cm2 , find the volume when the temperature is
418 K and the pressure is 12 N/cm2 . Round to the nearest tenth.
A) 39.6 L B) 54.5 L C) 1.1 L D) 5.5 L
Answer: D

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the

question. Provide the proper response.

x-1
189) Sketch the graph of y1 = x2 + 2x + 5 by hand. On the same set of axes, sketch the graph of y2 =
and x2 + 2x + 5
x-1
use the graph of y2 to solve the > 0. Explain why the solution set is the same as the
x2 + 2x + 5
equation solution set of the equation x

- 1 > 0.

x-1
Answer: The denominator of y2 is positive for all values of x. Thus, whenever x - 1 > 0, > 0.
Therefore, x2 + 2x + 5
the two equations have the same solution set.

83
 190) Answer the following:
(a) Write the equation meaning "y varies inversely as x."
(b) If y varies inversely as x, does x vary inversely as y? Support your answer.
(c) If y varies inversely as the square root of x, does x vary inversely as the square root of y? Support your
answer.
k
Answer: (a) y = for some constant
.x
k k
(b) Yes. If y = , then x = .
x y
(c) No.
k k2 k2
If y = , then y2 = and x = .
x x y2
Since k2 is also a constant, the equation shows that x varies inversely as the square of y, not the
square root of y.

x-1
191) To sketch the graph of y = , a student entered the equation in a graphing
calculator as x2 + 2x + 5
y1 = x - 1 ÷ x2 + 2x + 5. Was she correct?
Answer: No. She must insert parentheses around the numerator and the denominator when entering this
formula in the calculator; thus, y1 = (x - 1) ÷ (x2 + 2x + 5).
x x
192) Use a graphing calculator to sketch the graph of y1 . Explain why the = 0.7 has no real
4
x +1 4
x +1
= equation

solutions.

x
Answer: The graph of y1 = does not intersect the line y =
0.7. x4 + 1

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

193) For any real number w, w2 + 3 is in the domain of the function f(x) = x-
3.
A) True B) False
Answer: A

194) The weight of a body above the surface of the earth is inversely proportional to the square of its distance
from the center of the earth. What is the effect on the weight when the distance is multiplied by 2?
A) The weight is multiplied by 4. B) The weight is multiplied by 2.
C) The weight is divided by 4. D) The weight is divided by 2.
Answer: C

195) Suppose z varies directly as x and inversely as the square of y. If x is doubled and y is tripled, what
happens to z?
2 1
A) z is multiplied by . B) z is multiplied by .
9 6
1
C) z is multiplied by . D) z is multiplied by 6.
18
Answer: A
84
 196) What type of variation is suggested by the graph?

A) y varies inversely as x. B) y varies inversely as the square of x.

C) y varies directly as the square of x. D) y varies directly as x.
Answer: A

197) What type of variation is suggested by the graph?

A) y varies inversely as x. B) y varies directly as x

C) y varies inversely as the square of x. D) y varies directly as the square of x.
Answer: D

k
198) The data in the table satisfies the equation y = , where n is a positive integer. Determine k
and n. xn

x 2 4 5 10
y 3.25 0.8125 0.52 0.13
A) k = 26, n = 3 B) k = 52, n = 15 C) k = 104, n = 5 D) k = 13, n =
2
Answer: D

Evaluate the expression without using a calculator.

199) 169
A) 28,561 B) 13 C) 15 D) 26
Answer: B
85
 200) - 36
A) -6 B) 8 C) 12 D) 6
Answer: A
3
201) 125
A) 11 B) 5 C) 7 D) 15
Answer: B
4
202) 81
A) 5 B) 12 C) 3 D) 9
Answer: C
3
203) -125
A) 5 B) -15 C) -5 D) Not a real
number
Answer: C

204) 100 3/2

A) 100,000 B) 1000 C) 30 D) 100
Answer: B
3 2
205) ( -125)
A) 25 B) 5 C) -25 D) Not a real
number
Answer: A

206) 272/3
A) 9 B) -9 C) -3 D) 3
Answer: A
207) (-27)-4/3
1 1
A) -81 B) C) - D) 81
81 81

Answer: B
208) 64-4/3
1 1
A) 16,384 B) 1024 C) D)
4096 256

Answer: D

Use positive rational exponents to rewrite the expression. Assume variables are positive.
5
209) x3
A) x5/3 B) 5x3 C) 3x5 D) x3/5
Answer: D

86
 3
210) y-6
1
A) y1/3 - 6 1/3 B) (y - 6)1/2 C) (y - 6)1/3 D)
(y - 6)1/3
Answer: C
5
211) x3
A) x1/15 B) x5/3 C) x3/15 D) x3/5
Answer: D
5 -2
212) z2
1 1
A) B) -z 20 C) -z 4/5 D)
z 5/4 z 4/5
Answer: D

y+1
213)
7

y+1
1 C) (y + 1)9/14 D) (y + 1)5/14
A) (y + 1)7/2 B)
(y + 1)5/14

Answer: D

Use a calculator to find the root or power rounded to six decimal places.
214) 34
A) 5.827952 B) 5.781324 C) 5.835952 D) 5.830952
Answer: D

215) - 24
A) -4.895979 B) -4.903979 C) -4.898979 D) Not a real
number
Answer: C

216) 313
A) 17.696806 B) 17.691806 C) 17.688806 D) 17.764062
Answer: B
3
217) -609
A) 8.476289 B) 8.480289 C) -8.476289 D) Not a real
number
Answer: C
6
218) 66
A) 2.010284 B) -2.010284 C) -4.041240 D) 4.041240
Answer: A

87
 7
219) -6π6
A) -2.886675 B) 2.886675 C) 1.964945 D) -3.445823
Answer: D
5
220) -65
A) 0.433928 B) -2.304532 C) 2.304532 D) Not a real
number
Answer: B

1 -1/5
221)
5
A) 0.724780 B) 1.379730 C) 0.757858 D) 1.319508
Answer: B

222) 110.11
A) 1.301827 B) 1.026728 C) 0.127098 D) 1.210000
Answer: A

2π -1/π
223)
3
A) 0.463085 B) 1.637945 C) 10.200827 D) 0.790322
Answer: D

224) 130.1
A) 0.129239 B) 1.292392 C) 1.300000 D) 1.116123
Answer: B

225) (5π)1/π
A) 2.402906 B) 5724.287244 C) 5.000000 D) 7.198097
Answer: A

17 -28/17
226)
14
A) 0.256192 B) 0.888802 C) 0.726304 D) -2.000000
Answer: C

Evaluate f(x) at the given x. Approximate the result to the nearest hundredth.
227) f(x) = x1.64 , x = 1.5
A) 0.51 B) 2.10 C) 0.48 D) 1.94
Answer: D

228) f(x) = x-1.19 , x = 3.8

A) 0.20 B) 0.52 C) 1.94 D) 4.90
Answer: A

88
 229) f(x) = x1.50 - x2.10 , x = 2.41
A) 0.11 B) -2.60 C) 0.21 D) -3.32
Answer: B

230) f(x) = x-1.71 - x3.60 , x = 2.66

A) -33.66 B) 4.13 C) 5.30 D) -29.94
Answer: A

Sketch the graph of the power function by hand, using a calculator only to evaluate y-values for your chosen x-
values. On the same axes, graph y = x2 using a dotted line for comparison. In each case, x ≥ 0.
231) f(x) = x1.07
y

1 2 3 4 5 6 x

A) B)
y y

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 x 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

89
 C) D)
y y

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 x 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

Answer: A

232) f(x) = x1.1

y

1 2 3 4 5 6 x

A) B)
y y

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 x 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

90
 C) D)
y y

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 x 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

Answer: B

233) f(x) = x2.5

y

1 2 3 4 5 6 x

A) B)
y y

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 x 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

91
 C) D)
y y

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 x 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

Answer: C

234) f(x) = x2.6

y

1 2 3 4 5 6 x

A) B)
y y

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 x 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

92
 C) D)
y y

6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 x 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

Answer: D

Solve the problem.

235) At an altitude of h feet above the surface of the earth, the approximate distance in miles that a person can see is
given by
d = 1.2247h 1/2.
How far can a person see if he or she is 860 feet above the earth's surface? Round your answer to the
nearest
tenth of a mile, if necessary.
A) 35.9 miles B) 38.3 miles C) 41.6 miles D) 37
miles
Answer: A

236) The formula

T = .07D1.5
can be used to approximate the duration of a storm, where T is the time in hours and D is the diameter of
the
storm in miles. A storm that is 8.9 miles in diameter is heading toward a city. How long can the residents
of the city expect the storm to last? Round your answer to the nearest hundredth of an hour.
A) 3.09 hr B) 3.39 hr C) 1.86 hr D) 1.29 hr
Answer: C

237) The table below shows the population of a certain city in various years. Use regression (or some other
method) to find values for a and b so that f(x) = axb models the data, where x represents the number of
years since 1980 and f(x) represents the population of the city in hundreds of thousands. Round your
answers to 5 significant digits.

Year 1981 1985 1989 1993 1997

Population (hundreds of 3.2 4.1 5.7 9.6 14.1
thousands)
A) a ≈ 1.8506, b ≈ 0.51209 B) a ≈ 2.1375, b ≈ 0.44316
C) a ≈ 1.7025, b ≈ 0.53750 D) a ≈ 2.6352, b ≈ 0.47558
Answer: D

93
 238) The table below shows the population of a certain city in various years. The population of the city f(x),
in hundreds of thousands, can be modeled by f(x) = 2.63524x0.475584, where x represents the number
of years since 1980. Estimate the population of the city in the year 1982.

Year 1981 1985 1989 1993 1997

Population (hundreds of 3.2 4.1 5.7 9.6 14.1
thousands)
A) 403,239 B) 347,620 C) 389,335 D) 366,425
Answer: D

Determine the domain of the function.

239) f(x) = 10x + 5
1 1
A) , ∞ B) - ,∞
2 2
1 1
C) - ,∞ D) ,∞
2 2
Answer: C
240) f(x) = 9 - 8x
9 9 9
A) - ∞, B) ,0 C) - ∞, - D) (- ∞ , ∞)
8 8 8
Answer: A
3
241) f(x) = 7 - 2x

7 7 7
A) - ∞, ∪ ,∞ B) - ∞,
2 2 2
7
C) ,∞ D) (- ∞, ∞)
2
Answer: D

242) f(x) = 25 5- 16x2

A) - ∞, 4
5 ∪ 5 ∞
B) - ∞, ,
4 4
5 5
C) - ,
4 4

D) ∅

Answer: C

Graph the function by hand. Use the graph to (a) find the range, (b) give the interval over which the function is
increasing, and (c) give the interval over which the function is decreasing. Round approximations to two decimal
places.
243) f(x) = 3 - x
A) (a) [0, ∞) (b) {3} (c) (-∞ , 3) B) (a) (- ∞, ∞) (b) None (c) (- ∞, ∞)
C) (a) (-∞ , 3) (b) None (c) (- ∞ , 3) D) (a) [0, ∞ ) (b) None (c) (- ∞, 3)
Answer: D

94
 244) f(x) = 4x - 8
A) (a) [0, ∞) (b) (2, ∞) (c) None B) (a) [2, ∞ ) (b) (2, ∞) (c) None
C) (a) [0, ∞) (b) (2, ∞) (c) {2} D) (a) [8, ∞ ) (b) (2, ∞ ) (c) None
Answer: A
5
245) f(x) = 5x + 10

A) (a) (-∞ , ∞) (b) None (c) (- ∞, ∞ ) B) (a) (-10, ∞) (b) (- ∞, ∞) (c) None
C) (a) (-∞ , ∞) (b) (- ∞, ∞ ) (c) (- ∞, ∞ ) D) (a) (- ∞, ∞) (b) (- ∞, ∞) (c) None
Answer: D
4
246) f(x) = 25x2 - 64

A) (a) [-64, ∞) (b) (0, ∞) (c) (-∞ , 0) B) (a) [0, ∞ ) (b) (1.60, ∞ ) (c) (- ∞, -
1.60) C) (a) [0, ∞) (b) (1.60, ∞) (c) (- ∞, 1.60) D) (a) [0, ∞ ) (b) (- ∞, -1.60) (c)
(1.60, ∞)
Answer: B

247) f(x) = - 81 - 4x2

A) (a) [-9, 0] (b) (0, 4.50) (c) (-4.50, 0) B) (a) [-9, ∞] (b) (0, 4.50) (c) (-4.50, 0)
C) (a) [-9, 0] (b) (0, 4.50) ∪ (-4.50, 0) (c) None D) (a) [0, 9] (b) (-4.50, 0) (c) (0, 4.50)
Answer: A

Graph the function by hand. Solve the equation f(x) = 0 by observing your graph. Round approximations to two
decimal places.
248) f(x) = 3 - x

A) {3} B) {1.73} C) ∅ D) ∞

Answer: A

95
249) f(x) = 4x - 8

A) {2} B) {2.83} C) {16} D) {4}

Answer: A
5
250) f(x) = 2x + 4

A) ∅ B) {2} C) {-2} D) {-3.03}

Answer: C
4
251) f(x) = 25x2 - 49

A) {-1.40} B) {1.40} C) {-1.40, 1.40} D)

{4.68} Answer: C

96
 252) f(x) = - 36 - 25x2

A) {-12.00} B) {12.00} C) {6} D) {-12.00,

12.00} Answer: D

Use transformations to explain how the graph of the given function can be obtained from the graph of the
appropriate
3
root function (y = x or y = x).

253) y = x - 3 + 12
A) Shift the graph of y = x to the left 12 units and downward 3
units. B) Shift the graph of y = x to the right 12 units and upward
3 units. C) Shift the graph of y = x to the left 3 units and
downward 12 units. D) Shift the graph of y = x to the right 3 units
and upward 12 units.
Answer: D

254) f(x) = 4x + 12
A) Rewrite 2 x + 3. Shift the graph of y x upward 3 units and stretch vertically by a factor of 2.
as
B) Rewrite =
2 x + 3. Shift the graph of y x to the left 3 units and stretch vertically by a factor of
as Rewrite
C) =
2 x + 3. Shift the graph of y 2.
x to the right 2 units and upward 3 units.
as
D) Rewrite =
2 x + 3. Shift the graph of y x to the right 3 units and stretch vertically by a factor of
as
Answer: B = 2.

255) f(x) = 16x + 32 + 4

A) Rewrite as 4 x + 2 + 4. Shift the graph of y = x upward 2 units, stretch vertically by a factor of 4,
and shift to the left 4 units.
B) Rewrite as 4 x + 2 + 4. Shift the graph of y = x to the left 2 units, stretch vertically by a factor of 4,
and shift upward 4 units.
C) Rewrite as 4 x + 2 + 4. Shift the graph of y = x to the right 2 units, stretch vertically by a factor of 4,
and shift downward 4 units.
D) Rewrite as 4 x + 2 + 4. Shift the graph of y = x to the left 2 units and stretch vertically by a factor
of 4. Answer: B

97
 3
256) f(x) = 343x + 1372
3 3
A) Rewrite as 7 x + 4. Shift the graph of y = x to the right 4 units and stretch vertically by a factor of
3 7.
B) Rewrite as 7 x + 4. Shift the graph of y = 3
3 x to the right 4 units and upward 7 units.
C) Rewrite as 7 x + 4. Shift the graph of y = 3
x to the left 4 units and stretch vertically by a factor of 7.
3
D) Rewrite as 7 x + 4. Shift the graph of y = 3
x upward 4 units and stretch vertically by a factor of 7.
Answer: C

Describe the graph of the equation as either a circle or a parabola with a horizontal axis of symmetry.
257) 25x2 + 25y2 = 81
A) The graph is a circle. B) The graph is a horizontal parabola.
Answer: A

258) (x - 1)2 + (y + 5)2 = 16

A) The graph is a circle. B) The graph is a horizontal parabola.
Answer: A

259) x = y2 + 12y + 36
A) The graph is a circle. B) The graph is a horizontal parabola.
Answer: B

260) x = 4y2 + 40y + 6

A) The graph is a circle. B) The graph is a horizontal parabola.
Answer: B

261) (x + 2)2 + y2 = 25
A) The graph is a circle. B) The graph is a horizontal parabola.
Answer: A

262) x2 + 8x + y2 + 10y = 50
A) The graph is a circle. B) The graph is a horizontal parabola.
Answer: A

Determine two functions, designated by y1 and y2 , such that their union will give the graph of the given
equation.
263) 16x2 + 16y2 = 25
25 25 1
A) y1 = - x2 and y2 = - - x2 B) y1 = 25 - 16x2 and y2 = - 25 - 16x 2
1

16 16 16 16

25 25
C) y1 = 4x + 4y and y2 = 5 D) y1 = - + x2 and y2 = - - + x2
16 16
Answer: A

98
 264) (x - 3)2 + (y + 5)2 = 4
A) y1 = -5 + 4 - (x - 3)2 and y2 = -5 - 4 - (x - 3)2

B) y1 = -5 + -4 - (x - 3)2 and y 2 = -5 - -4 - (x - 3)2

C) y1 = 5 + 4 - (x - 3)2 and y 2 = 5 - 4 - (x - 3)2

D) (x - 3) + (y1 + 5) = 2 and (x - 3) + (y2 + 5) = -2
Answer: A

265) x = y2 + 10y + 25
A) y1 = x + 5 and y 2 = - x+5 B) y1 = -5 + x and y2 = 5 - x
C) y1 = -5 + x and y2 = -5 - x D) y1 = -5 + x2 and y 2 = -5 - x2
Answer: C

266) (y + 2)2 + x2 = 9
A) y1 = -2 + x2 - 9 and y2 = -2 x2 - 9 B) y1 = -2 + 9 - x2 and y 2 = -2 - 9 - x2
-C) y = -2 + 9 + x2 and y2 = -2 9 + x2 D) y1 = -2 + (9 - x2 )2 and y2 = -2 - (9 -
1
-
Answer: B x2 )2

267) x2 + 10x + y2 + 8y = 49
A) y1 = -4 + 90 - (x + 5)2 and y 2 = -4 - 90 - (x + 5)2

B) y1 = 4 + 90 - (x + 5)2 and y2 = 4 - 90 - (x + 5)2

C) y1 = -4 + 49 - (x + 5)2 and y 2 = -4 - 49 - (x + 5)2

D) y1 = -4 - x + 90 and y2 = -4 - x + 90
Answer: A

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Provide the proper response.
8
268) Explain why you can 5,764,801 by entering 5,764,801 into your calculator and hitting your square
compute root key three
times?
8

Answer: 5,764,801 = 5,764,8011/8. The left side of the equality uses a radical (or root), and the right side of
the
equality uses a power, a rational exponent. (Note that 1/8 is the reciprocal of 8.)
5,764,8011/8 = (((5,764,801)1/2)1/2)1/2. Switching back to radical notation yields 5,764,801,
which is equivalent to hitting your square root key three times. Incidentally, the result of the
computation is 7.

8
269) Give three methods for 256 by using your calculator, but without using the square root key.
computing
8
Answer: 256 = 256 1/8. This can be calculated by
(1) entering 256 and raising it to the one-eighth power
(1/8), (2) entering (1 ÷ 256) and raising it 99
to the eighth
p In all cases, the computation yields 2.
o
w
e
r
,
o
r
(
3
)
e
n
t
e
r
i
n
g
2
5
6
a
n
d
r
a
i
s
i
n
g
i
t
t
o
t
h
e
p
o
w
e
r
o
f
0
.
1
2
5
.
100
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the
question.

270) Graph the equations y = x2/3 and y = 2x + 5 on your calculator. To the nearest tenth of a unit, what
is the x-value of the point of intersection of the two equations? Round to the nearest tenth.
A) x = -1.8 B) x = -2.5 C) x = -1.5 D) x = -2.3
Answer: A

Use the calculator graph to find the solution set of the given equation or inequality.
271) x + 3 = x + 1

-5 5

Intersection
X= 1 -5
Y=2

A) [-3, 1] B) [1, 2] C) {2} D)

{1} Answer: D

272) x-2≤x-4

-2 8

Intersection
X = 6 -5 Y=2

A) [2, 6] B) {6} C) [6, ∞) D) {2}

Answer: C

101
273) x+1> x-1

-2 8

Intersection
-5
X= 3 Y=2

A) [-1, 3) B) (-∞ , 3) C) (3, ∞) D) [0,

2) Answer: A

274) - x + 6 = x

-8 5

Intersection
X = -2 Y = -2 -5

A) [-6, -2] B) {-6} C) {-2} D) [-2,

0] Answer: C

102
275) - x + 2 ≥ x

-3 3

Intersection
-3
X = -1 Y = -1

A) [-2, -1] B) [-1, 0] C) [-1, ∞ ) D) [-2,

∞) Answer: A

276) - x + 20 < x

-25 5

Intersection
-7
X = -4 Y = -4

A) [-20, -4) B) [-20, ∞ ) C) (-4, 0] D) (-4,

∞) Answer: D

103
 3 3
277) 2 - 3x = 3x + 14

-5 5

Intersection
-5
X = -2 Y=2

A) [-2, ∞) B) [2, ∞) C) {2} D) {-2}

Answer: D
3 3
278) 2x + 2 ≤ 3x - 1

-4 8

Intersection
-3
X= 3 Y=2

A) [3, ∞) B) (-∞ , 3] C) (- ∞, 2] D) [2,

∞) Answer: A

104
 3 3
279) 2x ≤ 20 - 3x

-4 8

Intersection
-3
X= 4 Y=2

A) (- ∞, 2] B) [2, ∞) C) [4, ∞) D) (- ∞, 4]
Answer: D
3 3
280) 3x > 72 - 5x

-5 15

Intersection
X= 9 -5 Y=3

A) (9, ∞) B) (-∞ , 9) C) (3, ∞) D) (- ∞,

3) Answer: A

Begin by drawing a rough sketch to determine the number of real solutions for the equation y1 = y2 . Then use an
analytic method to confirm your answer. Give the solution set and any extraneous values that may occur.
281) y1 = x
y2 = 1
y

105
 A)
y

1
Two real solutions; 0 , ; no extraneous values
25
B)

One real solution; {1}; no extraneous values

C)
y

No real solutions; ∅; no extraneous values

D)
y

x
19 + 19 - 37
One real solution; ; is extraneous.
37 2
2

Answer: B

106
282) y1 = x
y2 = 5x
y

A)
y

One real solution; {4}; no extraneous values

B)
y

No real solutions; ∅; no extraneous values

C)
y

1
Two real solutions; 0, ; no extraneous values
25

107
 D)
y

19 + 37 19 - 37
One real solution; ; is extraneous.
2 2

Answer: C

283) y1 = x
y2 = -x + 7

A)
y

No real solutions; ∅; no extraneous values

B)
y

1
Two real solutions; 0, ; no extraneous values
9

108
 C)
y

15 - 29 15 + 29
One real solution; ; is extraneous.
2 2
D)

One real solution; {4}; no extraneous values

Answer: C

284) y1 = x
y2 = x + 2
y

A)
y

One real solution; {4}; no extraneous values

109
 B)
y

1
Two real solutions; 0, ; no extraneous values
25
C)

No real solutions; ∅; no extraneous values

D)
y

7+ 13 7- 13
One real solution; ; is extraneous.
2 2

Answer: C

Use an analytic method to solve the equation.

285) 4x - 3 = 3
9
A) {3} B)
4
3
C) D) {9}
2
Answer: A

286) 2x + 1 = 13
A) {84} B) {168} C) {42} D) {- 84}
Answer: A

100
287) 4x - 3 = 2x - 3
A) {-3} B) {1, 3} C) {3} D) ∅

Answer: C

288) 3x + 1 = 3 + x-4
A) {-1} B) {-5, -8} C) {5, 8} D) ∅

Answer: C

289) 2x + 3 - x+1=1
A) {3} B) {3, -1} C) {-3, -1} D) ∅

Answer: B

290) 2x + 5 - x-2=3
A) {2} B) {3, 8} C) {-2} D) {2, 38}
Answer: D
291) 3x - 2 + 11 + x = -1
5
A) - B) {0} C) {5} D) ∅
2
Answer: D

292) x+6+ 2-x=4

A) {0} B) { 31, -2} C) {2, -2} D) {-2}
Answer: D
3 3
293) 3x - 3 = 4x + 4
7
A) - B) {7} C) {1} D) {-7}
3

Answer: D
3 3
294) x2 - 3x = x
A) {0, 4} B) {-4} C) {0, 2} D) ∅

Answer: A
3 3
295) 3x2 + 3x - 1 = x
1 1 1
A) B) -1, - C) -1, D) ∅
3 3 3

Answer: C
4
296) 4x + 1 = 2
1 15 7
A) B) C) D) ∅
4 4 4

Answer: B

101
Solve the inequality.
297) 2x + 3 - x + 1 < 1
A) (-3, -1) B) (-1, 3) C) (- ∞, 3) D) ∅

Answer: B

298) 2x + 5 - x - 2 < 3
A) (3, 8) B) (2, 38) C) (∞, -2) D) (- ∞, 2)
Answer: B

299) 3x - 2 + 11 + x < -2
A) (- ∞, 0) B) (0, ∞) C) (5, ∞) D) ∅

Answer: D
300) x + 10 + 11 - x > -1
11
A) -∞ , B) (-10, 11) C) (-10, ∞) D) ∅
5

Answer: B

Use an analytic method to solve the equation.

301) (x2 - 24)1/2 = (x + 6)1/2
A) {-5, 6} B) {24, 6} C) {6} D) ∅

Answer: A

302) (x2 - 13)1/2 = 6

A) {7} B) {-7, 7} C) {-8, 8} D) ∅

Answer: B

303) (2x + 3)1/2 - 1 = (x + 1)1/2

A) {-3, -1} B) {3} C) {3, -1} D) ∅

Answer: C

304) (2x + 5)1/2 - 3 = (x - 2)1/2

A) {2} B) {-2} C) {3, 8} D) {2, 38}
Answer: D
305) (3x - 9)1/3 = (-4x +
3 15
6)1/3 B) 3 C) - D)
7 7
75
A)
7
Answer: D

1/4
306) (x2 + 60x) =4
A) {16, -16} B) {0, -256} C) {4, -64} D) {-4,
64} Answer: C

102
 307) (x - 10)2/5 = (9x)1/5
8
A) {4, 25} B) {4, - 25} C) {-4, 25} D)
19
Answer: A

308) x-1 - 90x-2 + 1 = 0

1 1
A) {9, 10} B) {-9, 10} C) {-10, 9} D) - ,
10 9
Answer: C

309) 7x-2 + 18x-1 - 9 = 0

7 1 3 7 1 3
A) - , B) - ,3 C) ,- D) , -3
3 3 7 3 3 7
Answer: C

310) 54x-2 + 15x-1 =

50 5 10 5 10 5 10
B) , C) - ,- D) ,-
6 9
A) ,-
5 10 6 9 6 9 6 9
Answer: A

Use a graph to solve the inequality.

311) (x - 10)2/5 < (2x - 20)1/5
y

A) (10, 12) B) (12, ∞) C) (- ∞ , 10) ∪ (12, ∞ ) D) (- ∞,

12) Answer: A

103
312) (4x + 1)1/4 > 2
y

15 7
A) - ∞, B) - ∞,
4 4

15 7
C) ,∞ D) ,∞
4 4
Answer: C

313) (4x + 1)1/4 > 2 1/4

y

1 1 1
A) - ∞, B) - ,

4 4 4
1 3
C) ,∞ D) ,∞
4 4
Answer: C

104
 1/4
314) (x2 + 3x) > 4 1/4
y

A) (-4, 1) B) (-∞ , -1) ∪ (4, ∞) C) (-1, 4) D) (- ∞, -4) ∪ (1,

∞)

Answer: D

1/4
315) (x2 - 6x) <2
y

A) (-2, 0) ∪ (6, 8) B) (-2, 8) C) (-8, 2) D) (- ∞, -2) ∪ (8,

∞) Answer: A

Solve the equation involving "nested" radicals for all real solutions analytically.
3 3
316) 7x + 21 = x + 3

A) {-3} B) {-3, 4} C) {4} D) ∅

Answer: B
3 3
317) 2x + 5 = 2x + 3
1 1
A) - B) -2, - C) {-2} D) ∅
2 2

Answer: A

105
Solve the problem.
318) In a manufacturing operation, the cost, c, is related to the manufacturing time, t, by the
equation c = t.
Find the exact value of c when t = 363. Do not concern yourself with units.
A) 33 B) 11 3 C) 363 D) 19
Answer: B

319) A manufacturer's cost is given by

3
C = 100 n + 200,

where C is the cost, in dollars, and n is the number of parts produced. Find the cost when 512 parts
are produced.
A) $1000 B) $600 C) $2463 D) $13
Answer: A

320) The number of turns N required in a solenoid of length l (in m) is given by

Ll
N= ,
μA
where L represents inductance (in appropriate units), μ is a constant, and A represents cross-sectional
area (in square meters). If L = 0.006 H, A = 0.005 m2 , l = 0.585 m, and μ = 1.95 x 10-6 N/m, find the
number of turns required, to the nearest whole turn.
A) 2000 turns B) 5 turns C) 600 turns D) 360,000 turns
Answer: C

321) When a ball with coefficient of restitution e is dropped from a height of h meters onto a large flat
surface, the time t (in seconds) from the first impact until the ball stops bouncing is given by
2 8h
t= .
1 - e 9.8

Find the time it takes a ball with coefficient of restitution 0.29 to stop bouncing if it is dropped from a height
of
63.6 centimeters. (Round your answer to the nearest tenth.)
A) 2.0 sec B) 17.6 sec C) 20.3 sec D) 1.8 sec
Answer: A

322) The distance in miles that can be seen from above the surface of the ocean is
given by d = 1.4 h
where h is the height in feet above the surface of the water. How many feet above the water would a pirate
have
to climb to see 15 mi? Round your answer to the nearest foot.
A) 5 ft B) 440 ft C) 115 ft D) 58 ft
Answer: C

323) To model the actual speed s (in miles per hour) in an accident which left a skid mark of l feet, police
use the formula
l
s=S ,
L
where S is the test-car speed (in miles per hour) and L is the test-skid length (in feet). Find the speed S
= 63 mph, l = 150 ft, and L = 100 ft. Round your answer to the nearest unit.
106
 A) 77 mph B) 95 mph C) 52 mph D) 113 mph
Answer: A

107
324) The diagonal d (from the lower back corner to the upper front corner) of a rectangular solid, like the one
shown below, is given by

d = length2 + width2 + height2

A rectangular shipping crate has a diagonal of 13 inches. If the longest side of the crate is 4.0 times the
shortest
side, and the other side is 1.0 in. longer than the shortest side, find all measurements of the crate, to the
nearest inch.

x
x + 1.0
4x
A) 5 in., 6 in., 20 in. B) 4 in., 5 in., 16 in. C) 3 in., 4 in., 12 in. D) 5 in., 12 in., 13
in.
Answer: C

325) The time T in seconds required for a pendulum of length L feet to make one swing is given by
L
T = 2π .
32
How long is a pendulum if it makes one swing in 3.00 sec? Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a foot.
A) 8.0 ft B) 15.3 ft C) 7.3 ft D) 14.6 ft
Answer: C

326) The radius r of a cone of height h (in inches) and volume V (in cubic inches) is given
by 3V
r= .
πh
If the height of a cone is 8.8 in. and its volume is 137 in. 3 , find its radius to the nearest hundredth of an inch.
A) 1.3 in. B) 0.73 in. C) 2.18 in. D) 3.86
in. Answer: D

327) If a, b, and c are the lengths of the three sides of a triangle, the area A of the triangle is given by
A = s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c),
a+b+c
where s = . Find the area of a triangle with sides of length 17 inches, 14 inches, and 28 inches.
Round
2
your answer to the nearest hundredth of a square inch.
A) 285.25 in.2 B) 92.59 in.2 C) 160.23 in. 2 D) 198.99 in. 2
Answer: B

108
328) Fred is in a row boat that is 2 miles from the shore of a lake. He wants to get to his house, which is 16
miles down the shore, as shown below. He will row to shore and then jog the remaining distance along
the shore. He can row at 3 miles per hour and can jog at 6 miles per hour. At about what point along the
shore should he
beach the boat and jog the rest of the way if he wants to get home as soon as possible? Round your answer
to the nearest tenth of a mile, if necessary.

2 miles
16 miles
A) 12.7 miles from home B) 14.8 miles from home
C) 15.5 miles from home D) 8.7 miles from home
Answer: B

329) Two vertical poles of lengths 20 feet and 32 feet are situated on level ground 50 feet apart, as shown in the
figure below. A piece of wire is to be strung from the top of the 20-ft pole, to a stake in the ground, to the
top of the
32-ft pole. At what distance from the 20-foot pole should the stake be located to minimize the amount of
wire
used? Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a foot.

20 ft 32 ft
50 ft
A) 23.3 ft B) 19.5 ft C) 17.2 ft D) 15.5 ft
Answer: B

330) The battleship USS Tennessee is 150 miles due south of the destroyer USS Alaska and is sailing north at 40
mph.
If the USS Alaska is sailing east at 25 mph, how long will it be before the distance between the ships is at a
minimum? Express your answer in hours and minutes, rounded to the nearest minute.
A) 41 minutes B) 2 hours 42 minutes C) 2 hours 5 minutes D) 1 hour 26
minutes
Answer: B

331) The battleship USS Tennessee is 170 miles due south of the destroyer USS Alaska and is sailing north at 40
mph.
If the USS Alaska is sailing east at 25 mph, how far apart will the ships be when that distance is at a
minimum?
Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a mile.
A) 84.3 miles B) 42.5 miles C) 90.1 miles D) 17.8 miles
Answer: C

109
 332) The phone company needs to install a line from point A on shore to an island that is 8 miles away from point
B, as shown in the drawing below. The cost associated with installing underwater cable is $18,600 per mile,
while the cost associated with installing cable over land is $9000 per mile. For the project to be completed at
minimum cost, how much of the cable should be installed over land? In other words, at what distance from
point A should the company stop laying cable over land? Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a mile,
if necessary.

8 miles
10 miles
A) 5.6 miles B) 6.7 miles C) 7.1 miles D) 4.8 miles
Answer: A

333) The phone company needs to install a line from point A on shore to an island that is 7 miles away from
point B, as shown in the drawing. The cost associated with underwater cable is $18,600 per mile, while the
cost associated with cable used over land is $9000 per mile. To the nearest hundred dollars, what is the
minimum cost for which this project can be completed?

7 miles
10 miles
A) $200,500 B) $203,900 C) $204,700 D) $202,700
Answer: B

Solve the problem or provide an explanation.

334) Graph y = x2 - 2x - 3 and f(x) = x2 - 2x - 3 together on your graphing calculator. State the domain of f(x),
and explain the connection between the domain of f(x) and the graph of y = x2 - 2x - 3.
A) The domain of f(x) is ∅ . There is no connection between the domain of f(x) and the graph of y = x2 - 2x
- 3. B) The domain of f(x) is [-1, 3). The domain of f(x) is the set of all x-values for which the graph of
y = x2 - 2x - 3 is on or below the x-axis.
C) The domain of f(x) is (- ∞ , -1] ∪ [3, ∞). The domain of f(x) is the set of all x-values for which the
graph of y = x2 - 2x - 3 is on or above the x-axis.
D) The domain of f(x) is (- ∞ , ∞). The domain of f(x) is the same as the domain of y = x2 - 2x - 3.
Answer: C

110
 335) Graph y = -x2 + 6x + 7 and f(x) = -x2 + 6x + 7 together on your graphing calculator. State the domain of
f(x)
and explain the connection between the domain of f(x) and the graph of y = -x2 + 6x + 7.
A) The domain of f(x) is ∅ . There is no connection between the domain of f(x) and the graph of
y = -x2 + 6x + 7.
B) The domain of f(x) is [-1, 7]. The domain of f(x) is the set of all x-values for which the
graph of y = -x 2 + 6x + 7 is on or above the x-axis.
C) The domain of f(x) is (- ∞ , -1] ∪ [7, ∞). The domain of f(x) is the set of all x-values for which the
graph of y = -x 2 + 6x + 7 is on or below the axis.
D) The domain of f(x) is (- ∞ , ∞). The domain of f(x) is the same as the domain of y = -x 2 + 6x + 7.
Answer: B

336) Graph y = x2 - 4x + 12 and f(x) = x2 - 4x + 12 together on your graphing calculator. State the domain of
f(x)
and explain the connection between the domain of f(x) and the graph of y = x2 - 4x + 12.
A) The domain of f(x) is (- ∞ , -1] ∪ [10, ∞). The domain of f(x) is the set of all x-values for which the
graph of y = x2 - 4x + 12 is on or below the x-axis.
B) The domain of f(x) is (-∞ , ∞). The domain of f(x) is the set of all x-values for which the
graph of y = x2 - 4x + 12 is on or above the x-axis.
C) The domain of f(x) is (-1, ∞). The domain of f(x) is the same as the domain of y = x2 - 4x + 12.
D) The domain of f(x) is ∅ . There is no connection between the domain of f(x) and the graph of y = x2 -
4x
+ 12.
Answer: B

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the
question.

337) Graph y = -x2 + 4x - 11 on your graphing calculator and then graph f(x) = -x 2 + 4x - 11. Explain what
occurs and why.
Answer: There is no graph for f(x). For all values of x, -x2 + 4x - 11 < 0; that is, the graph of y = -x 2 + 4x -
11 is below the x-axis. Square root functions are not defined for negative values of the radicand.
3
338) Use your graphing calculator to determine values for m and b so that y = mx + b and x will not intersect.
y=

Answer: There are no such values. For all values of m and b, the graphs must intersect at at least one point.

110