SNELL’S LAW

n=1 GIASS

n = 1.5 . . . . . . .

r(
↑
C
-- - . . . . .

a normal line

Angle -> I Angle of

ofincidence refraction
S

Refractive index is the affect of the material on the speed of light.

The refractive index of light in a vacuum: n = 1
Waves travel at different speeds in different mediums causing them to
refract.
The wave speed and wavelength of light light would change in a different
medium, however the frequency would stay the same.
In the figure above light is going into a more optically dense material
therefore it slows down and bends towards the normal line. In this situation
the angle of incidence is larger than the angle of reflection.
So, when light goes from a more optically des e material to a less optically
dense material it would bend away from the normal, and the angle fo
refraction would be larger than the incident angle.
DERIVATION OF SNELL’S LAW

-
Line AC is common to both ABC and
I
-B ADC
7
"Cy

· Sin Vacuum : n = 1
Sin= Smr=
Assis ⑳
D Ber
V
V

Transparent substance
-r

I = s H
=

H1SIni neSir =

SNELL'S LAN

n1 : = refractive index of first material

n2 = refractive index of second material
î = Angle of incidence
r = Angel of refraction
C = Speed of light before entering material
Cs = Speed of light in the material
I = Wavelength of light in first material

1S = wavelength of light in second material

I as frequency is the same!