'DVQHXH$EHQWHXHU

3DXO+H\VH'LHVFK|QH$ELJDLO
9HUODJ1HXHV/HEHQ%HUOLQ

9E\'XPPH3XWH
0LW,OOXVWUDWLRQHQYRQ5HLQHU6FKZDOPH
,6%1
‹9HUODJ1HXHV/HEHQ%HUOLQ
/L]HQ]1U
/69
8PVFKODJ5HLQHU6FKZDOPH
7\SRJUDILH:DOWHU/HLSROG
6FKULIWS 7LPHOHVV
*HVDPWKHUVWHOOXQJ'UXFNHUHL1HXHV'HXWVFKODQG%HUOLQ
%HVWHOO1U

 :LUKDWWHQQDFKGHP$EHQGHVVHQLQHLQHPEHIUHXQGHWHQ
+DXVHEHL%RZOHXQG=LJDUUHELVLQGLHVSlWH1DFKWKLQHLQ
JHSODXGHUW ]XOHW]W EHU GLH (QWODUYXQJ HLQHV VSLULWLVWL
VFKHQ *DXNOHUV GLH JHUDGH YRU ZHQLJHQ 7DJHQ JHOXQJHQ
ZDUXQGEHL*OlXELJHQXQG6S|WWHUQJUR‰HQ/lUPJHPDFKW
KDWWH$QGHQ%HULFKWEHUGHQ9RUJDQJ±HLQHUDXVXQVH
UHP.UHLVHZDU]XJHJHQJHZHVHQ±KDWWHVLFKHLQHQGORVHV
*HVSUlFK EHU GDV )U XQG :LGHU MHQHU UlWVHOKDIWHQ (U
VFKHLQXQJHQ JHNQSIW GLH DXI GHU KHOOGXQNOHQ *UHQ]H
]ZLVFKHQ 6HHOHQ XQG 1HUYHQOHEHQ VWHKHQ XQG VHOEVW YRQ
GHUKRFKPWLJVWHQ:LVVHQVFKDIWQLFKWOlQJHU PLW 6FKZHL
JHQ XQG $FKVHO]XFNHQ DE]XIHUWLJHQ VLQG ,Q GDV OHEKDIWH
*HZLUUH GHU ZLGHUVWUHLWHQGHQ 0HLQXQJHQ KLQHLQ HUNODQJ
SO|W]OLFK GHU WLHIH 7RQ GHU DOWHQ 6WDQGXKU GLH 0LWWHU
QDFKWVVWXQGHDQNQGLJHQG$OVGHUOHW]WHGHU]Z|OIKDUWHQ
ODQJVDPHQ 6FKOlJH YHUKDOOW ZDU XQG HLQH NOHLQH 6WLOOH
HQWVWDQGK|UWHQZLU DXV GHP 6RIDZLQNHO KHUDXV GLH KHOOH
6WLPPH GHU MXQJHQ 6FKZHVWHU GHU +DXVIUDX GLH LQ LKUHU
GUROOLJ WURFNHQHQ 7RQDUW DXVULHI Ä6R 'LH *HLVWHUVWXQGH
ZlUH QXQ JOFNOLFK DQJHEURFKHQ ,FK HUODXEH PLU GHQ
9RUVFKODJ]XPDFKHQGD‰MHW]WGLH'HEDWWHEHU6XJJHVWL
RQ 7HOHSDWKLH $XWRK\SQRVH XQG ZLH GHU NRQIXVH 6SXN
VRQVW QRFK KHL‰HQ PDJ JHVFKORVVHQ ZLUG XQG ZLU XQV
HQGOLFKPLWHWZDV6ROLGHUHP EHVFKlIWLJHQ LFK PHLQH PLW
HFKWHQ XQG UHFKWHQ *HVSHQVWHUJHVFKLFKWHQ ZLH VLH ]XU
*HLVWHUVWXQGH SDVVHQ ,FK JODXEH ]ZDU DQ GLH WDQ]HQGHQ
1RQQHQLQ5REHUWGHU7HXIHOå VRZHQLJZLHDQGHQ)OLH
JHQGHQ +ROOlQGHU WURW]GHP DEHU NDQQ LFK PLFK HLQHV
DQJHQHKPHQ *UXVHOQV QLFKW HUZHKUHQ ZHQQ VLH JXW JH
VSLHOWXQGJHVXQJHQZHUGHQXQGQLFKWVKDELFKOLHEHUDOV
ZHQQ PLU ± LQ JXWHU *HVHOOVFKDIW ± GLH +DXW HLQ EL‰FKHQ
VFKDXGHUW XQG GDV +DDU ]X %HUJH VWHKW *HUDGH GD‰ PDQ
ZHL‰HVLVWDOOHV8QVLQQXQGGRFKKDWHVGLHVHQZXQGHUOL
FKHQ(IIHNWLVWGDV+EVFKHGDUDQZLHPDQHVMDDXFKEHL
DOOHP3RHWLVFKHQHUIlKUWGDVXQVPLWIRUWUHL‰WREZRKOZLU
ZLVVHQHVLVWHLQ6SXNGHU3KDQWDVLH9HU]HLKHQ6LH+HUU
'RNWRU³ZDQGWHVLHVLFKOlFKHOQG]XPLUÄLFKVFKZDW]HGD
VHKU XQEHVFKHLGHQ EHU 'LQJH GLH 6LH EHVVHU YHUVWHKHQ
$EHU ZDUXP VLQG 6LH DOOH QDFKGHP GLH 8KU ]Z|OI JH
VFKODJHQ VR ZLH DXI 9HUDEUHGXQJ YHUVWXPPW" 'HU HUVWH
GHU GHQ 0XQG |IIQHW ZHQQ HLQ (QJHO GXUFKV =LPPHU
JHIORJHQLVWVDJWEHNDQQWOLFKLPPHUHWZDV'XPPHV³
Ä$OOH VLHEHQ :HLVHQ N|QQWHQ QLFKWV .OJHUHV EHU GLH
:LUNXQJ GHU 3RHVLH VDJHQ DOV ZDV 6LH HEHQ JHlX‰HUW
KDEHQ OLHEHV )UlXOHLQ³ HUZLGHUWH LFK PLFK JHJHQ VLH
YHUQHLJHQG Ä,FK IUHXH PLFK HLQH VR WDSIHUH ,GHDOLVWLQ LQ
,KQHQ ]X EHJU‰HQ ZHOFKHU 6FKLOOHU ZHQQ HU 6LH KlWWH
UHGHQK|UHQVHLQH+RFKDFKWXQJEH]HXJHQZUGHDOVHLQHU
ZHUWHQ*HVLQQXQJVJHQRVVLQ'HQQLQGHU 7DWPHLQWH HU MD
DXFK :DV VLFK QLH XQG QLUJHQGV KDW EHJHEHQ GDV DOOHLQ
YHUDOWHWQLH$EHUODVVHQZLUGLHVHlVWKHWLVFKHQ3ULQ]LSLHQ
IUDJHQXQGNRPPHQ]XXQVHUHUPLWWHUQlFKWLJHQ7DJHVRUG
QXQJ6LHZROOHQ6SXNJHVFKLFKWHQK|UHQ":HQQQXQDEHU
QLHPDQG YRQ XQV HLQH UHFKW DXVEQGLJH GLH QLFKW JDU ]X
NLQGLVFKXQGN|KOHUJOlXELJZlUHLQ%HUHLWVFKDIWKDW"³
Ä1HLQ³VDJWHGDVNOXJH0lGFKHQODFKHQGÄGDVYHUVWHKW
VLFK HV GDUI QLFKW HWZD DXI HLQHQ EOR‰HQ %DGHPDQWHO
KLQDXVODXIHQ GHU ]XP 7URFNQHQ DXIJHKlQJW YRP :LQGH
KLQXQGKHUJHZHKWZLUGXQGVLFKIUHLQ*HVSHQVWDXVJLEW
ZLHLFKVHOEVWDOVNOHLQHV0lGFKHQHLQPDOHUOHEWKDEH(V
PX‰ HWZDV VHLQ GDV HLQHP YHUQQIWLJHQ 0HQVFKHQ XQG
GHUNHLQ+DVHQIX‰LVWZDVDXI]XUDWHQJLEWXQGZRIUDXFK
QLFKW JOHLFK HLQH SURVDLVFKH $XINOlUXQJ EHL GHU +DQG LVW
:LH ZDUåV ZHQQ ZLU 8PIUDJH KLHOWHQ XQG ZHU QLFKWV
GHUDUW DXV HLJHQHU (UIDKUXQJ RGHU QDFK JODXEZUGLJHU
0LWWHLOXQJ]XHU]lKOHQZ‰WHP‰WHHLQ3IDQGJHEHQ"³
Ä'DQQUFNHGXVHOEVWQXUJOHLFKPLWGHLQHP3IDQGKHU
DXV³VDJWHLKUH6FKZHVWHUOlFKHOQGÄGHQQVFKZHUOLFKVLQG
GLU DX‰HU MHQHP %DGHPDQWHO EHULUGLVFKH *HVLFKWH ]XWHLO
JHZRUGHQ³
Ä:HUZHL‰"³YHUVHW]WHGLH0XWZLOOLJHXQGEHPKWHVLFK
HLQHJHKHLPQLVYROOH0LHQH]XPDFKHQÄ$EHULFKNRPPH
]XOHW]W'HU'RNWRUKDWMHW]WGDV:RUWÄ:LUELWWHQXPHLQ
UHFKW KEVFKHV *HVSHQVW +HUU 'RNWRU :DKUKHLW RGHU
'LFKWXQJ LQ 3URVD RGHU LQ 9HUVHQ LVW XQV JOHLFK QXU GD‰
HV XQV UHFKW HLVNDOW GDEHL EHU GHQ 5FNHQ OlXIW XQG ]X
JOHLFKHU =HLWHLQHVDQIWHlWKHULVFKH +DQG XQV GDV *HVLFKW
VWUHLFKHOW³
Ä'DPLWNDQQLFKQXQIUHLOLFKQLFKWGLHQHQ³YHUVHW]WHLFK
ÄZHQQLFKQLFKWHWZDV]XVDPPHQIDEHOQZLOOZDVLFKGRFK
DXV GHP 6WHJUHLI QLFKW ZDJHQ ZUGH 'DV +|FKVWH LQ
GLHVHU$UWKDWVFKRQHLQ+|KHUHUJHOHLVWHWGHU'LFKWHUGHU
%UDXW YRQ .RULQWKå 0LU VHOEVW LVW QXU HLQ XQVFKHLQEDUHV
(UOHEQLV LQ GHU (ULQQHUXQJ GDV IU HLQH JHKHLPQLVYROOH
:LUNXQJLQGLH)HUQHGLHOlQJVWGXUFKWDXVHQG 7DWVDFKHQ
EHVWlWLJW LVW HLQ QHXHV =HXJQLV DEOHJW ,FK ZDU DOV HLQ
MXQJHU 0HQVFK YRQ GUHLXQG]ZDQ]LJ -DKUHQ LQ 5RP XQG
KDWWH LQ %HUOLQ GLH EHLGHQ 0HQVFKHQ ]XUFNJHODVVHQ
GHQHQ YRQ DOO PHLQHQ 1lFKVWHQ LFK DP PHLVWHQ IHKOWH
PHLQH 0XWWHU XQG PHLQH %UDXW ,P IUKHQ )UKOLQJ GHV
-DKUHV  QXQ DQ HLQHP GXQNOHQ VWUPLVFKHQ $EHQG
VLW]W PHLQH /LHEVWH UXKLJ PLW HLQHU +DQGDUEHLW EHL LKUHQ
*HVFKZLVWHUQDOVVLHKHIWLJXQWHQDQGHU+DXVWUNOLQJHOQ
K|UW XQG PLW GHP 5XIH 'DV LVW 3DXOå KLQDXV XQG GLH
7UHSSH KLQXQWHUHLOW XP VHOEVW GDV VFKRQ YHUVFKORVVHQH
+DXVWDU ]X |IIQHQ 1LHPDQG VWDQG GUDX‰HQ DQ GHU
6FKZHOOHXQGVLHPX‰WHVLFKGDVLH]XUFNNDPYRQGHQ
%UGHUQ PLW LKUHU EUlXWOLFKHQ 3KDQWDVLHå QHFNHQ ODVVHQ
$PDQGHUHQ0RUJHQEHVXFKWVLHPHLQH0XWWHUGLHNRPPW
LKUPLWGHQ:RUWHQHQWJHJHQ'HQNHQXUZDVPLUJHVWHUQ
DEHQG EHJHJQHW LVWå ± XQG HU]lKOW JHQDX GHQVHOEHQ +HU
JDQJ ZLH VLH SO|W]OLFK GLH +DXVJORFNH JHK|UW KDEH PLW
GHPOHEKDIWHQ7RQGHQLFKDQ]XVFKODJHQSIOHJWH]XPHL
QHP9DWHUKLQHLQJHHLOWVHLXQGHEHQIDOOVDXVJHUXIHQKDEH
GDVPVVHLFKVHLQGHUXQWHQVWHKHZRUDXIVLFKDXFKKLHU
GDV *DQ]H DOV HLQH 6LQQHVWlXVFKXQJ HUZLHVHQ KDEH 2GHU
GRFK DOV HWZDV DQGHUHV" 'HQQ DFKW 7DJH VSlWHU NDP HLQ
%ULHIDXV5RPPLWGHU1DFKULFKWGD‰LFKDQHLQHP0DOD
ULDILHEHU EHGHQNOLFK NUDQN JHOHJHQ XQG JHUDGH DQ MHQHP
$EHQGGLH*HIDKUDXILKUH+|KHJHVWLHJHQVHL³
:LHGHUZDUGHLQHNOHLQH6WLOOHLQGHU5XQGH'DQQVDJWH
GDV )UlXOHLQ UXKLJ Ä(LQH QDFKGHQNOLFKH *HVFKLFKWH YRQ
GHU LFK MHGHV :RUW JODXEH 'HQQ YRQ GHQ :LUNXQJHQ GHU
6HHOHQ DXIHLQDQGHU RKQH GLH 9HUPLWWOXQJ HLQKHLWOLFKHU
=ZLVFKHQWUlJHU KDEHQ ZLU MD KHXWH DEHQG VFKRQ JHQXJ
XQZLGHUVSUHFKOLFKH %HZHLVH JHK|UW 8QG VR VROOHQ 6LH
RKQH3IDQGVLFKJHO|VWKDEHQREZRKOHVNHLQHHLJHQWOLFKH
*HVSHQVWHUJHVFKLFKWHLVWNHLQHVROFKHGLHXQJODXEOLFKLVW
XQG XQV GRFK JUXVHOQ PDFKW -HW]W LVW GLH 5HLKH DQ GHP
+HUUQ 2EHUVWHQ ,FK IUFKWH QXU GHU ZLUG XQV DXFK LP
6WLFK ODVVHQ 'HQQ VRYLHO LFK ZHL‰ KDEHQ GLH *HVSHQVWHU
HLQHQKHLOLJHQ5HVSHNWYRU/HXWHQGLH:DIIHQWUDJHQXQG
VFKRQDXV%HUXI&RXUDJHKDEHQPVVHQ³
6LH ZDQGWH VLFK PLW GLHVHQ :RUWHQ DQ PHLQHQ 1DFKEDU
GHUVLFKZlKUHQGGHUOHW]WHQ6WXQGHVRODQJHGDV*HVSUlFK
VLFK XP GLH *HKHLPQLVVH GHV =ZLVFKHQUHLFKV JHGUHKW
DXIIDOOHQG VFKZHLJVDP YHUKDOWHQ KDWWH (LQ VWDWWOLFKHU
0DQQ ]X $QIDQJ GHU )QI]LJHU +DDU XQG %DUW YRU]HLWLJ
HUJUDXW GLH ZHWWHUEUDXQH )DUEH GHV *HVLFKWV VWDFK PLW
HLQHP JHZLVVHQ NRORULVWLVFKHQ 5HL] GDJHJHQ DE XQG QXU
HLQ OHLVHV =XFNHQ GDV GDQQ XQG ZDQQ GHQ IHVWHQ 0XQG
XP]RJ YHUULHW HLQ JHKHLPHV /HLGHQ ,Q GHU 7DW KDWWH GHU
WUHIIOLFKH0DQQGHUPLW/HLEXQG6HHOH6ROGDWZDUXQGLP
.ULHJH YRQ  XQG  PLW $XV]HLFKQXQJ JHGLHQW KDWWH
ZHJHQ WLHI HLQJHQLVWHWHU UKHXPDWLVFKHU %HVFKZHUGHQ
LQIROJHVHLQHU)HOGVWUDSD]HQYRU]ZHL-DKUHQGHQ$EVFKLHG
QHKPHQ PVVHQ PLW 2EHUVWHQUDQJ XQG DOOHQ VRQVWLJHQ
(KUHQ GLH LKQ MHGRFK EHU VHLQH JH]ZXQJHQH 8QWlWLJNHLW
VRZHQLJ]XWU|VWHQYHUPRFKWHQZLHGLHNULHJVJHVFKLFKWOL
FKHQ6WXGLHQPLWGHQHQHUVHLQH0X‰HDXVIOOWH

:LU DOOH VFKlW]WHQ LKQ VHKU XQG IUHXWHQ XQV GD‰ HU LQ
XQVHUP .UHLVH VHLQHU VFKZHUPWLJHQ 6WLPPXQJ +HUU ]X
ZHUGHQLPVWDQGHZDUXQGEHLGHQZLW]LJHQ7RUKHLWHQDXI
ZHOFKH GLH 6FKZHVWHU GHU +DXVIUDX ]XZHLOHQ YHUILHO GDV
GDQNEDUVWH3XEOLNXPDEJDE
 'HVWR EHVWU]WHU VDKHQ ZLU QXQ ZLH HU DXI GLH OHW]WHQ
:RUWH GHV )UlXOHLQV HUEOD‰WH GHQ %OLFN ]X %RGHQ NHKUWH
XQGHLQH:HLOHXQVFKOVVLJVFKLHQZDVHUHUZLGHUQVROOWH
(VZDURIIHQEDUGD‰LUJHQGHLQHZXQGH6WHOOHLQVHLQHP
,QQHUQEHUKUWZRUGHQZDUXQGGD‰HUQDFKVHLQHUDQJHER
UHQHQ7DSIHUNHLWVLFKEHPKWHGHQ6FKPHU]]XYHUZLQGHQ
XQGQLFKWVGDYRQ]XWDJHNRPPHQ]XODVVHQ
(EHQZROOWHGDVEHWURIIHQH0lGFKHQGDVEHLDOOVHLQHP
hEHUPXW HLQHQ IHLQHQ +HU]HQVWDNW EHVD‰ GLH XQOLHEVDPH
hEHUHLOXQJ ZLHGHUJXWPDFKHQ XQG XQWHU HLQHP VFKHU]KDI
WHQ9RUZDQGHGHQ2EHUVWYRQGHU3IlQGHUSIOLFKWIUHLVSUH
FKHQDOVGLHVHUGLH$XJHQPLWUXKLJHP(QWVFKOX‰ ZLHGHU
DXIKREXQGVDJWH
Ä,FKKlWWH DOOHUGLQJVHWZDV]XHU]lKOHQZDV GHQ $QIRU
GHUXQJHQGLH6LHDQ HLQHULFKWLJH6SXNJHVFKLFKWHVWHOOHQ
KLQOlQJOLFK HQWVSUHFKHQ P|FKWH ,FK P‰WH DEHU XP YHU
VWlQGOLFK ]X PDFKHQ ZDUXP GLHV (UOHEQLV PLU VR QDKH
JLQJ]LHPOLFKZHLWLQPHLQH9HUJDQJHQKHLW]XUFNJUHLIHQ
XQG DOOHUOHL +HU]HQVDEHQWHXHU EHUKUHQ GLH ,KQHQ QLFKW
VHKU LQWHUHVVDQW VHLQ N|QQHQ =XGHP LVW GLH 3ROL]HLVWXQGH
OlQJVWEHUVFKULWWHQ±³
'DV )UlXOHLQ OLH‰ LKQ QLFKW DXVUHGHQ Ä,FK ELQ QLFKW GLH
+DXVIUDX³ VDJWH VLH PLW HLQHP OLHEOLFKHQ (UU|WHQ ÄXQG
KDEH ZRKO EHUKDXSW VFKRQ ]X GUHLVW GDV :RUW JHIKUW
$EHU ZLH LFK PHLQH 6FKZHVWHU NHQQH ± YRQ GHP OLHEHQ
6FKZDJHU JDU QLFKW ]X UHGHQ ± VR LVW HV LKU QLH ]X VSlW
HLQH PHUNZUGLJH *HVFKLFKWH HU]lKOHQ ]X K|UHQ ]XPDO
ZHQQ HV VLFK XP +HU]HQVDEHQWHXHU HLQHV VR YHUHKUWHQ
+DXVIUHXQGHV KDQGHOW hEHUGLHV LVW GLH %RZOH QRFK QLFKW
]XU +lOIWH DXVJHWUXQNHQ ZDV PLFK GLH LFK VLH JHEUDXW
NUlQNHQPX‰/DVVHQ6LHPLFKDOVR,KU*ODVZLHGHUIOOHQ
GDQQ ZLOO LFK PlXVFKHQVWLOO VHLQ XQG UHFKW PLW :RQQH
PLFKJUDXOHQ³
6LHPHUNWHGD‰VLHGRFKQLFKWGHQUHFKWHQ7RQJHIXQGHQ
KDWWHGHQQDXIVHLQHP*HVLFKWHUVFKLHQNHLQ/lFKHOQZLH
VRQVWEHLLKUHPVFKDONKDIWHQ*HSODXGHU$XFKZLUDQGHUHQ
JHULHWHQLQHLQHHWZDVEHNORPPHQH6WLPPXQJGDZLUGHQ
)UHXQGMHW]WDXIVWHKHQXQGHLQSDDUPDOGDV=LPPHUGXUFK
VFKUHLWHQVDKHQ(U VWDQG HQGOLFK DQ GHP OlQJVW HUORVFKH
QHQ 2IHQ VWLOO OHKQWH VLFK PLW GHP 5FNHQ GDUDQ XQG
EHJDQQVHLQH*HVFKLFKWH
Ä:DVLFK,KQHQHU]lKOHQZLOOOLHJWVFKRQHLQH]LHPOLFKH
6WUHFNH =HLW KLQWHU PLU EHU ]HKQ -DKUH 'RFK EHL GHU
OHLVHVWHQ(ULQQHUXQJGDUDQVWHKWDOOHVZLHGHUVROHEKDIWYRU
PLUDOVKlWWHVLFKåVJHVWHUQ]XJHWUDJHQXQGLFKKDEHJDQ]
GLHVHOEHQ6FKDXHUYRQ*OXWXQG)URVWLQPHLQHP%OXWH]X
EHUVWHKHQZLHLQMHQHUZXQGHUVDPHQ1DFKW
,FK VFKLFNH GLHV YRUDXV GDPLW 6LH PLFK QLFKW LP 9HU
GDFKW KDEHQ ,KQHQ HLQHQ OHHUHQ 7UDXP YRU]XWUDJHQ
7UlXPHSIOHJHQ]XYHUVFKlXPHQ:DVLFKGDPDOVHUOHEWH±
GRFKLFKZLOORKQHZHLWHUH9RUUHGH]XU6DFKHNRPPHQ
(V ZDU DOVR LP -DKUH  LP +RFKVRPPHU ,FK KDWWH
PLU YLHU :RFKHQ 8UODXE DXVJHZLUNW GD PHLQ UKHXPDWL
VFKHV /HLGHQ HEHQ GDPDOV DQILQJ PLFK XQHUWUlJOLFK ]X
SHLQLJHQ 'DV :LOGEDG DEHU DXI GDV LFK PHLQH +RIIQXQ
JHQJHVHW]WKDWWHWDW:XQGHU1DFKGUHL:RFKHQIKOWHLFK
PLFK ZLH QHXJHVFKDIIHQ XQG GD GLH +LW]H LQ MHQHQ 7DO
JUQGHQPLULPEULJHQQLFKWZRKOWDWVSUDFKGHU%DGHDU]W
PLFK QDFK GHQ EOLFKHQ HLQXQG]ZDQ]LJ %lGHUQ IUHL XQG
ULHWPLUGHQ5HVWPHLQHU)HULHQLQHLQHUNKOHUHQ*HJHQG
]X]XEULQJHQ PLW DOOHU 9RUVLFKW IUHLOLFK XP QLFKW ZLHGHU
HLQHQ5FNIDOOKHUDXI]XEHVFKZ|UHQ
1XQKDWWHLFKLQ%HLQHQ-XJHQGIUHXQGPLWGHPLFKVHLW
GHP)ULHGHQQLFKWZLHGHU]XVDPPHQJHNRPPHQZDU1DFK
GHP .ULHJH GHQ HU DOV 5HJLPHQWVDU]W JHUDGH LQ PHLQHU
.RPSDQLHPLWJHPDFKWKDWWHHULQGLHVHUVHLQHU9DWHUVWDGW
GLH/HLWXQJGHV.UDQNHQKDXVHVEHUQRPPHQVLFKYHUKHL
UDWHW XQG QXU GXUFK GLH =XVHQGXQJ GHU *HEXUWVDQ]HLJHQ
VHLQHU IQI RGHU VHFKV .LQGHU GLH )lGHQ XQVHUHU DOWHQ
)UHXQGVFKDIWZHLWHUJHVSRQQHQ
8PVRZRKOWXHQGHUZDUPLUåVGDLFKLKQMHW]WXQYRUEH
UHLWHW EHUILHO GHQ JXWHQ .DPHUDGHQ JDQ] VR KHU]OLFK
JHVLQQW ZLHGHU]XILQGHQ ZLH GDPDOV DOV LFK YRQ LKP $E
VFKLHG QDKP XP QDFK PHLQHP :XQGEHWWH LQ 0DLQ] HYD
NXLHUW ]X ZHUGHQ ,FK PX‰WH ]X 7LVFKH EHL LKP EOHLEHQ ±
GLHHLQ]LJH=HLWGHV7DJHVQHFNWHLKQVHLQHOLHEHQVZUGL
JH )UDX ZR HU QLFKW GHP HUVWHQ EHVWHQ PHKU JHK|UWH DOV
VHLQHP HLJHQHQ )OHLVFK XQG %OXW ± XQG GD LKQ LQ GHQ
QlFKVWHQ 6WXQGHQ VHLQH 6WDGWSUD[LV ZLHGHU LQ $QVSUXFK
QDKP YHUDEUHGHWHQ ZLU GD‰ LFK LKQ DEHQGV QDFK GHP
7KHDWHU LQ HLQHP :HLQKDXVH GDV HU PLU EH]HLFKQHWH
HUZDUWHQVROOWH
0HLQ HLQVDPHU 1DFKPLWWDJ YHUJLQJ UDVFK JHQXJ ,FK
NDQQWH]ZDUDX‰HUPHLQHP.ULHJVNDPHUDGHQNHLQHOHEHQ
GH 6HHOH LQ GHU VFK|QHQ DOWHQ 6WDGW GLH LFK DOV )lKQULFK
YRU ODQJHQ -DKUHQ HLQPDO IOFKWLJ GXUFKZDQGHUW KDWWH
$EHUHVJDEDQDOOHQ(FNHQXQG(QGHQVRYLHO0HUNZUGL
JHV ]X VFKDXHQ VR PDQFKHV UHL]WH PLFK HLQ SDDU 6WULFKH
LQPHLQHP6NL]]HQEXFK]XPDFKHQXQGGDV:HWWHUZDUVR
OLHEOLFKGXUFKHLQ0RUJHQJHZLWWHUJHNKOWZRUGHQGD‰LFK
GDV 7KHDWHU ± HLQH VHKU IUDJZUGLJH 6RPPHUEKQH ±
IDKUHQOLH‰XQGGLH =HLWELV]XXQVHUHP6WHOOGLFKHLQOLHEHU
PLWHLQHP6SD]LHUJDQJLQGHUVWLOOHQ$EHQGOXIWGLHEDXP
UHLFKHQ)OX‰XIHUHQWODQJDXVIOOWH
,FK KDWWH PLFK GDEHL VR LQ PHLQH *HGDQNHQ HLQJHVSRQ
QHQ GD‰ LFK HUVW DQ GHQ 5FNZHJ GDFKWH DOV HV Y|OOLJ
1DFKWJHZRUGHQZDU(LQH1DFKWIUHLOLFKLQGHUVLFKåVVR
DQPXWLJ OXVWZDQGHOWH ZLH DP 7DJH GHQQ GHU 0RQG JLQJ
IDVWVFKRQPLWVHLQHPYROOHQ6FKHLQEHUGHQ(UOHQZLSIHOQ
DXI XQG HUKHOOWH GLH *HJHQG GHUJHVWDOW GD‰ PDQ DQ GHQ
IODFKHQ8IHUVWHOOHQGLH.LHVHOGXUFKGLH:HOOHQZLHNOHLQH
6LOEHUNXJHOQVFKLPPHUQVHKHQNRQQWH
6R DXFK HUVFKLHQ GLH 6WDGW YRQ HLQHP VLOEHUQHQ 'XIW
XPZREHQZLHDXVHLQHP0lUFKHQYRUPLFKKLQJHSIODQ]W
DOVLFKPLFKLKUZLHGHUQlKHUWH(VVFKOXJVFKRQQHXQYRQ
GHUDOWHQ'RPNLUFKHLFKZDU PGH XQG GXUVWLJ YRQ PHL
QHP ODQJHQ 6WUHLI]XJH XQG KDWWH PLU GLH 5DVW LQ GHP
:HLQKDXVH ]X GHP HLQ JHIlOOLJHU %UJHUVPDQQ PLFK
KLQZLHVZRKOYHUGLHQW'DLFKPHLQHQ)UHXQGQRFKQLFKW
YRUIDQG OLH‰ LFK PLU HWZDV ]X HVVHQ JHEHQ XQG HLQHQ
6FKRSSHQOHLFKWHQ:HLQPLWGHPLFKGHQHUVWHQ+HL‰GXUVW
O|VFKWH 1RFK LPPHU OLH‰ GHU 'RNWRU DXI VLFK ZDUWHQ (U
P‰WH QXQ DEHU MHGHQ $XJHQEOLFN NRPPHQ XQG VR EH
VWHOOWHLFKLPYRUDXVHLQHQIHXULJHQ5DXHQWDOHUYRQGHPHU
PLUEHL7LVFKHJHVSURFKHQKDWWHXPLKPJOHLFKLQGLHVHP
HGOHQ7URSIHQ:LOONRPPHQ ]X]XWULQNHQ VREDOG HU HLQWUl
WH (V ZDU ZLUNOLFK HLQ 7UDQN YROO V‰HU /DEHå ZUGLJ
GLH %OXPH DOWHU )UHXQGVFKDIW GDPLW ]X EHJLH‰HQ 'RFK
YHUIHKOWHHUVHLQHQ=ZHFN6WDWWPHLQHVJXWHQ.DPHUDGHQ
HUVFKLHQ VR JHJHQ ]HKQ HLQ %RWH PLW HLQHU .DUWH DXI GHU
GHU )UHXQG VHLQ $XVEOHLEHQ ]X HQWVFKXOGLJHQ EDW HU VHL
EHUV /DQG JHUXIHQ ZRUGHQ ]X HLQHP VFKZHUNUDQNHQ
3DWLHQWHQ XQG N|QQH QLFKW DEVHKHQ RE HU LQ GLHVHU 1DFKW
EHUKDXSW]XUFNNHKUHQZUGH
6R ZDU LFK DXI PLFK VHOEVW DQJHZLHVHQ XQG DXI GHQ
:HLQ GHU PLFK OHLGHU QLFKW KHLWHU ]X VWLPPHQ SIOHJWH
ZHQQLFKLKQQLFKWLQIUHXQGOLFKHU*HVHOOVFKDIWWUDQN6HLW
LFK PHLQH )UDX YHUORUHQ KDWWH GDPDOV JLQJ HV LQV GULWWH
-DKU EHUILHO PLFK EHL GHU HLQVDPHQ )ODVFKH UHJHOPl‰LJ
HLQH WLHIH 0HODQFKROLH GLH JHIOLVVHQWOLFK ]X QlKUHQ LFK
QLFKWPHKUMXQJXQGVHQWLPHQWDOJHQXJZDU8PLKU DXFK
GLHVPDO QLFKW ]X YHUIDOOHQ JULII LFK QDFK GHQ =HLWXQJHQ
GLH PLU IDVW DOOH ]X *HERWH VWDQGHQ GD GLH ZHQLJHQ
6WDPPJlVWH DQ LKUHQ DEJHVRQGHUWHQ 7LVFKHQ VLFK HLIULJ
LKUHU6NDWRGHU6FKDFKSDUWLHKLQJDEHQ
:DVPLU]XQlFKVW±DXIGHUOHW]WHQ6HLWHGHV/RNDOEODWWHV
±LQV$XJH ILHOZDUGLH/LVWHGHUVWlGWLVFKHQ6HKHQVZU
GLJNHLWHQ'DLFKGHQJDQ]HQPRUJLJHQ7DJQRFK]XEOHL
EHQ JHGDFKWH ZDU PLU GLHVHU :HJZHLVHU JDQ] HUZQVFKW
XQGLFKQRWLHUWHPLUHLQLJHVZDV PHLQH 1HXJLHUGH UHL]WH
LQPHLQ7DVFKHQEXFK 'DILHOPHLQ %OLFNDXIHLQH $Q]HL
JH GLH PHLQH *HGDQNHQ SO|W]OLFK LQ HLQH ZHLW HQWOHJHQH
=HLW ]XUFNOHQNWH -HGHQ 0RQWDJ XQG 'RQQHUVWDJ LVW GLH
:LQGKDPVFKH *HPlOGHVDPPOXQJ LP (UGJHVFKR‰ GHV
5DWKDXVHVXQHQWJHOWOLFKJH|IIQHWå
:LQGKDP1HLQLFKLUUWHPLFKQLFKWGDVZDUGHU1DPH
JHZHVHQ (LQ :LQGKDP KDWWH LP OHW]WHQ .DSLWHO PHLQHV
-XJHQGURPDQV GLH +DXSWUROOH JHVSLHOW 1XQ GlPPHUWH HV
DXFKLQPLUDXIGD‰LFKVSlWHUHLQPDOJHK|UWKDWWHGLHVHU
:LQGKDP KDEH VLFK PLW VHLQHU MXQJHQ )UDX KLHU LQ %
QLHGHUJHODVVHQ6HLWGHPZDUHUPLUYHUVFKROOHQJHEOLHEHQ
8QGQXQKLHUVRXQYHUKRIIWDQLKQHULQQHUW]XZHUGHQ
$EHU 6LH N|QQHQ MD QLFKW YHUVWHKHQ ZDV PLFK DQ GHU
XQVFKHLQEDUHQ=HLWXQJVQRWL]VRVHOWVDPDXIUHJWH,FKPX‰
QXQGRFKQRFKZHLWHUDXVKROHQ
6LHZLVVHQGD‰LFKDOV6SU|‰OLQJHLQHUXQWHUIUlQNLVFKHQ
6ROGDWHQIDPLOLH LP .DGHWWHQKDXVH ]X 0QFKHQ HU]RJHQ
ZRUGHQELQXQGHVLQGHP-DKUHYRU$XVEUXFKGHVIUDQ]|
VLVFKHQ.ULHJHV]XP2EHUOHXWQDQWJHEUDFKWKDWWH,FKZDU
QHXQXQG]ZDQ]LJ-DKUHDOWXQGKDWWHDX‰HUPHLQHP %HUXI
GHPLFKPLW/HLEXQG6HHOHDQKLQJQLFKWYLHOHUOHEW(LQH
VHKU LGHDOH )lKQULFKVOLHEH GLH HLQ DOEHUQHV (QGH QDKP
KDWWHPLFKYRUGHQPDQFKHUOHL9HULUUXQJHQPHLQHU$OWHUV
JHQRVVHQ EHZDKUW PLU DEHU GDV ZHLEOLFKH *HVFKOHFKW
QLFKWLPEHVWHQ/LFKWHJH]HLJW'RFKSRVLHUWHLFKQLFKWDOV
:HLEHUIHLQGXQGGDLFKHLQOHLGHQVFKDIWOLFKHU7lQ]HUZDU
VHOEVWQRFKDXIGHU.ULHJVDNDGHPLHPDFKWHLFK DXFKGHQ
.DUQHYDO GHV -DKUHV  DOV HLQHU GHU )ORWWHVWHQ PLW RKQH
PLUGLH)OJHO]XYHUEUHQQHQ
%LVDXFKPHLQH6WXQGHJHVFKODJHQKDWWH
$XI HLQHP GHU |IIHQWOLFKHQ %lOOH HUVFKLHQ VR XP GLH
0LWWH GHV )HEUXDU HLQH DXIIDOOHQGH MXQJH 6FK|QKHLW GLH
DOOHELVKHULJHQ%DOON|QLJLQQHQYHUGXQNHOWH
6LH ZDU HUVW YRU NXU]HP PLW LKUHU 0XWWHU GD GHU 9DWHU
YRU-DKUXQG7DJJHVWRUEHQZDUDXVgVWHUUHLFKKHUEHUJH
NRPPHQXPQDFKGHPVLHGLH7UDXHUDEJHOHJWKDWWHQRFK
HWZDV :LQWHUIUHXGHQ ]X JHQLH‰HQ ,KUH *HVWDOW LKU %H
QHKPHQ LKUH $UW VLFK DXV]XGUFNHQ DOO GDV KDWWH HLQHQ
IUHPGDUWLJHQ5HL]GHUVFKRQDXVGHUVHOWVDPHQ0LVFKXQJ
LKUHV%OXWV]XHUNOlUHQZDU'HQQLKUH0XWWHU HLQH KRFK
JHZDFKVHQHU|WOLFKEORQGH6FKRWWLQYRQ VWUHQJHU SXULWDQL
VFKHU +DOWXQJ XQG ODQJVDP XQJHOHQNHQ *HElUGHQ KDWWH
HLQHQ VWHLULVFKHQ (GHOPDQQ JHKHLUDWHW GHU VLFK DXI HLQHU
5HLVHGXUFKLKUKHLPDWOLFKHV+RFKODQGLQGDVMXQJH0lG
FKHQYHUOLHEWKDWWH6LHZDULKPQDFKVHLQHP*XWJHIROJW
KDWWH VLFK DEHU GRUW QLFKW ]X DNNOLPDWLVLHUHQ YHUVWDQGHQ
7URW]GHP VFKLHQ VLH LQ HLQHU JOFNOLFKHQ (KH PLW GHP
OHLFKWEOWLJHQ NDWKROLVFKHQ *DWWHQ JHOHEW ]X KDEHQ XQG
VHLQHQ7RGQRFKLPPHUQLFKWYHUZLQGHQ]XN|QQHQDOVVLH
PLWLKUHU7RFKWHUDXI5HLVHQJLQJ
'LHVH GDPDOV VFKRQ LQ GHQ HUVWHQ =ZDQ]LJ KDWWH YRQ
GHU:HOWELVKHUQLFKWVJHVHKHQDOVZDVDXI]HKQ0HLOHQLQ
GHU 1DFKEDUVFKDIW LKUHV /DQGVLW]HV VLFK LKU GDUJHERWHQ
KDWWH 'HU 9DWHU GHU LP 3XQNW GHU HKHOLFKHQ 7UHXH YLHO
OHLFKW QLFKW GHU *HZLVVHQKDIWHVWH JHZHVHQ ZDU XQG DOO
MlKUOLFKYLHOH0RQDWHLQ:LHQ]XEUDFKWHKDWWHVHLQH )UDX
GHQ9HUVXFKXQJHQGHUJUR‰HQ6WDGWVRUJIlOWLJIHUQ]XKDOWHQ
JHZX‰W XQG GLH 7RFKWHU YROOHQGV YRU DOOHP 9HUNHKU PLW
MXQJHQ 0lQQHUQ EHKWHW %HLGH KlWWHQ HV ZDKUOLFK QLFKW
EHGXUIW GD LKU NKOHV 7HPSHUDPHQW VLH KLQOlQJOLFK
VFKW]WH 'HQQ KLHULQ ZDU $ELJDLO ± VR ZDU GDV )UlXOHLQ
QDFK HLQHP XUDOWHQ %UDXFK GHU PWWHUOLFKHQ )DPLOLH JH
WDXIWZRUGHQ±GDVHFKWH.LQGLKUHU0XWWHUGHUVLHlX‰HU
OLFK GXUFKDXV QLFKW lKQOLFK VDK QLFKW HLQPDO GXUFK GLH
)DUEH GHV +DDUHV GLH EHL GHU 7RFKWHU GXUFKDXV NHLQHQ
U|WOLFKHQ6FKLPPHUKDWWH
,FKZLOODEHUQLFKWGHQW|ULFKWHQ9HUVXFKPDFKHQ,KQHQ
GLHVHUHL]HQGHMXQJH3HUVRQ]XEHVFKUHLEHQ1XU]ZHLHUOHL
ILHOPLUJOHLFKEHLGHPHUVWHQ%HJHJQHQDXIXQGYHUIROJWH
PLFK ELV LQ PHLQH 7UlXPH GHU VHOWVDP JODQ]ORVH %OLFN
LKUHUJUR‰HQEODXHQ$XJHQGLHLPPHUHUQVWEOLHEHQDXFK
ZHQQGHU0XQGOlFKHOWHXQGGD‰VLHGLHVFK|QVWHQ$UPH
KDWWH GLH LFK MH JHVHKHQ 6LH WUXJ VLH JHJHQ GLH GDPDOLJH
6LWWH JDQ] HQWEO|‰W DQ GHQ $FKVHOQ QXU GXUFK HLQHQ
VFKPDOHQ )ORUVWUHLIHQ YRQ GHQ KHUUOLFKHQ 6FKXOWHUQ DEJH
WUHQQW ZDV GLH 'DPHQ ]XPDO GLH 0WWHU VNDQGDO|V IDQ
GHQ REZRKO GLH :LHQHU 0RGH GLHVH 7UDFKW VDQNWLRQLHUWH
XQGGDV)UlXOHLQLPEULJHQVLFKLQ:RUWHQXQG*HElUGHQ
DXIV]FKWLJVWHEHWUXJ$EHUGLH$UPHZDUHQ]XVFK|QXP
QLFKW$XIVHKHQ]XPDFKHQXQGVRYLHO1HLGZLH%HZXQGH
UXQJ ]X HUUHJHQ (LQH )DUEH ZLH HWZDV YHUJLOEWHU ZHL‰HU
$WODV PLW HLQHP PDWWHQ *ODQ] XQG LQ GHU %LHJXQJ GHV
(OOHQERJHQV HLQH ]DUWH EODXH $GHU 6HOEVW GLH NOHLQHQ
KHOOHQ1DUEHQDPOLQNHQ2EHUDUPGLHYRQGHU1DGHOGHV
,PSIDU]WHV KHUUKUWHQ KDWWHQ HLQHQ HLJHQHQ 5HL] DOV
ZlUHQ VLH PLW DEVLFKWOLFKHU .RNHWWHULH GHU JODWWHQ +DXW
HLQJHlW]W ZRUGHQ XP GHUHQ HGOH )HLQKHLW GHVWR PHKU
EHPHUNOLFK]XPDFKHQ
8QGVRGLH+lQGHDOVVLHEHLP6RXSHUGLH+DQGVFKXKH
DEVWUHLIWH GHU VFK|QVWH )X‰ LP ZHL‰VHLGHQHQ 6FKXK HLQ
(EHQPD‰ XQG HLQH 6FKPLHJVDPNHLW GHU *OLHGHU GLH VLH
GHP |VWHUUHLFKLVFKHQ EODXHQ %OXW QLFKW GHU VFKRWWLVFKHQ
+RFKODQGVUDVVHYHUGDQNWH
,FKZDUVRZLHLFKGHQHUVWHQ%OLFNDXIGDVKHUUOLFKH*H
VFK|SI JHZRUIHQKDWWH XQWHU GHP =DXEHU GLHVHU IUHPGHQ
NKOHQ $XJHQ 6R XQEHIDQJHQ LFK VRQVW VHOEVW GHQ UHL
]HQGVWHQ )UDXHQ JHJHQEHUWUDW GDV +HU] VFKOXJ PLU KHI
WLJ XQG PHLQH 5HGH YHUZLUUWH VLFK DOV LFK LKU YRUJHVWHOOW
ZXUGHXQGVLHXPHLQHQ7DQ]EDW

$XFK IDQG LFK PHLQH %HVLQQXQJ QLFKW VR EDOG ZLHGHU

ZlKUHQG LFK PLW LKU GXUFK GHQ ZHLWHQ 6DDO PLFK XP
VFKZDQJXQGZDUZWHQGDXIPLFKVHOEVWGD‰LFKHLQHVR
XQEHKROIHQH )LJXU PDFKWH %HVWlQGLJ PX‰WH LFK GHQNHQ
6LH LVW NHLQ :HLE ZLH DOOH DQGHUHQ (LQH *|WWLQ .HLQ
:XQGHU GD‰ LKUH %OLFNH VR NKO DXI GDV DUPVHOLJH 0HQ
VFKHQJHZKOKHUDEVLQNHQ,VWHV]XGHQNHQGD‰PDQHLQHQ
VROFKHQ 0XQG NVVHQ GUIWH" 8QG GHU 6WHUEOLFKH XP
GHVVHQ+DOVVLFKGLHVH$UPHVFKOlQJHQP‰WHQGHPQLFKW
GLH 6LQQH YHUJHKHQ XQG HU LQ GLHVHP EHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ
*OFN]XHLQHP$VFKHQKlXIFKHQYHUORGHUQ"
6LH VHKHQ HV ZDU HLQH ULFKWLJH %H]DXEHUXQJ :DV PDQ
YRP %OLW] XQG 6FKODJ HLQHU SO|W]OLFKHQ 9HUOLHEXQJ UHGHW
KDWWHLFKDQPLUHUOHEHQVROOHQ
,FKJHZDQQDEHUEDOGVRYLHO+HUUVFKDIWEHUPLFKGD‰
LFKPLFKPLWJXWHU0DQLHULQPHLQ6FKLFNVDOHUJHEHQXQG
DQGLHVHPHUVWHQ$EHQGGLH5ROOHHLQHVULWWHUOLFKHQ9HUHK
UHUV VSLHOHQ NRQQWH RKQH PLFK ]X VR EHUVFKZHQJOLFKHQ
+XOGLJXQJHQ IRUWUHL‰HQ ]X ODVVHQ ZLH GLH PHLVWHQ PHLQHU
.DPHUDGHQ'DVNDPPLUPHKU]XVWDWWHQDOVZHQQLFKDQ
6FK|QKHLW XQG /LHEHQVZUGLJNHLW DOOH EHUJOlQ]W KlWWH
'HQQGDVVHOWVDPH0lGFKHQ REZRKO GLHV LKU HUVWHU %DOO
ZLQWHUZDUQDKPGRFKDOOH$XV]HLFKQXQJHQGLHLKU]XWHLO
ZXUGHQ]XPDOGLHV‰HQ5HGHQLKUHU7lQ]HUPLWVRNK
OHU 0LHQH HQWJHJHQ DOV RE HV LKU EHLP 7DQ] HLQ]LJ XQG
DOOHLQ DXI GLH %HZHJXQJ DQNlPH XQG GLH HLWOHQ MXQJHQ
+HUUHQVRVFK|QJHSXW]WXQGIULVLHUWVLHZDUHQLKUQXUDOV
0LWWHO]XGLHVHP=ZHFNZLOONRPPHQZlUHQ
'DV JHVWDQG VLH PLU GHQQ DXFK JDQ] KDUPORV DOV ZLU
EHLP 6RXSHU PLWHLQDQGHU SODXGHUWHQ XQG GD‰ HV LKU HKHU
OlVWLJXQGODQJZHLOLJVHLZHJHQLKUHU6FK|QKHLWEHVWlQGLJ
EHJDIIW XQG XPVFKPHLFKHOW ]X ZHUGHQ .HLQH 6SXU YRQ
.RNHWWHULH NRQQWH LFK DQ LKU EHPHUNHQ GRFK HLQHQ +DQJ
]XU,URQLHXQG0HQVFKHQYHUDFKWXQJGHULQ HLQHPPLQGHU
UHL]HQGHQ:HVHQVHKUDEVWR‰HQGJHZLUNWKlWWHDQ)UlXOHLQ
$ELJDLO DEHU QXU ZLH HLQ VHOWVDPHV 6FKPXFNVWFN HWZD
HLQEODQNHU6WDFKHOJUWHOXPGHQVFKPLHJVDPHQ/HLEVLFK
DXVQDKP
'DLFKLKUQLFKWHLQHLQ]LJHVVFKPHLFKHOQGHV:RUWVDJWH
ZXUGHQ ZLU JOHLFK DQ GLHVHP HUVWHQ $EHQG VHKU JXWH
)UHXQGHXQGLFKHUKLHOWVRJDUYRQGHU0XWWHUGLH(UODXE
QLVVLHLQLKUHP+DXVHDXI]XVXFKHQ
,FK PDFKWH ZLH 6LH GHQNHQ N|QQHQ JOHLFK DP DQGHUHQ
7DJH GDYRQ *HEUDXFK ,FK PX‰WH GRFK IUDJHQ ZLH GHU
%DOO LKQHQ EHNRPPHQ VHL XQG IDQG GLH 'DPHQ LQ HLQHU
P|EOLHUWHQ :RKQXQJ VR EHKDJOLFK HLQJHULFKWHW GD‰ PLU
NODU ZXUGH VLH OHEWHQ LQ GHQ EHTXHPVWHQ 9HUKlOWQLVVHQ
*OHLFKZRKO PDFKWH GLH 0XWWHU NHLQ +HKO GDUDXV GD‰ VLH
QXU JHNRPPHQ VHL XP IU GLH 7RFKWHU HLQHQ 0DQQ ]X
ILQGHQ ZR]X DXI GHP DEJHOHJHQHQ /DQGVLW] NHLQH $XV
VLFKWVHL'DV0lGFKHQK|UWHMHGHbX‰HUXQJGLHLQGLHVHP
6LQQHILHOPLWGHPlX‰HUVWHQ*OHLFKPXWZLHZHQQHVVLFK
GXUFKDXV QLFKW XP VLH VHOEVW GDEHL KDQGOH VRQGHUQ XP
HLQH/DXQHGHU0DPDGLHKRIIHQWOLFKDXFKZLHGHUYHUJH
KHQZHUGH
'DV =XWUDXHQGDV VLH VR UDVFK ]X PLU JHID‰W KDWWH HQW
]RJ VLH PLU DXFK QLFKW ZLHGHU VRQGHUQ JDE PLU LPPHU
QHXH %HZHLVH GD‰ LKU PHLQH *HVHOOVFKDIW DQJHQHKP VHL
PHLQH $UW :HOW XQG 0HQVFKHQ ]X EHWUDFKWHQ LKU GLH
ULFKWLJH VFKHLQH 6LH HU]lKOWH PLU LKU JDQ]HV /HEHQ GDV
IUHLOLFK NHLQHP 5RPDQ lKQOLFK VDK 9HUOLHEW ZDU VLH QLH
JHZHVHQ XQG NRQQWH VLFK YRQ GHP =XVWDQG HLQHV OHLGHQ
VFKDIWOLFKHQ+HU]HQVEHUKDXSWNHLQH9RUVWHOOXQJPDFKHQ
*HOLHEWKDWWHVLHQXUHLQHQ0HQVFKHQLKUHQ9DWHU0LWGHU
0XWWHU YHUVWDQG VLH VLFK LQ NHLQHU 6DFKH XQG EHREDFKWHWH
DOOH NLQGOLFKHQ 3IOLFKWHQ IDVW PHFKDQLVFK RKQH GDV JH
ULQJVWHGDEHL]XHPSILQGHQ-DåVDJWHVLHPLUHLQPDOHV
LVW YLHOOHLFKW VR ZLH 6LH VDJHQ LFK KDEH NHLQ ULFKWLJHV
0lGFKHQKHU] XQG GRFK ±å 'DEHL GUFNWH VLH GLH $XJHQ
HLQ OHKQWH GHQ VFK|QHQ EORQGHQ .RSI ]XUFN XQG LKUH
KDOEJH|IIQHWHQ /LSSHQ KDWWHQ HLQHQ KDOE VFKPHU]OLFKHQ
KDOEZLOGHQ$XVGUXFNYRQ'UVWHQXQG9HUODQJHQ
*OHLFKGDUDXIOlFKHOWHVLHXQGILQJHLQHVS|WWLVFKH5HGH
DQ EHU JHZLVVH MXQJH 'DPHQ GLH VLH NHQQHQJHOHUQW XQG
GLH LKUHQ )UHXQGLQQHQ EHVWlQGLJ %XOOHWLQV EHU GLH =X
VWlQGHLKUHU]lUWOLFKHQ+HU]HQ]XK|UHQJDEHQ

$OO GLHVH 9HUWUDXOLFKNHLWHQ ZDUHQ ZHLW HQWIHUQW PLFK

HLWHO]XPDFKHQXQGNKQH+RIIQXQJHQLQPLU]XZHFNHQ
,FKYHUEUDFKWHDEHUIDVW HLQHQ$EHQG ZLHGHQ lQGHUQLQ
GHU *HVHOOVFKDIW GHU EHLGHQ 'DPHQ WHLOV VRODQJH GHU
.DUQHYDO GDXHUWH EHL |IIHQWOLFKHQ )HVWHQ ZR LFK QXQ
EHUHLWVIUGHQXQ]HUWUHQQOLFKHQ.DYDOLHUXQGEHJQVWLJWHQ
%HZHUEHU JDOW WHLOV DQ LKUHP EHKDJOLFKHQ 7HHWLVFK DOV
HLQ]LJHU +DXVIUHXQG PlQQOLFKHQ *HVFKOHFKWV 1XU GDQQ
XQGZDQQIDQGVLFKHLQHlOWHUH'DPHHLQH|VWHUUHLFKLVFKH
%HNDQQWH GHU 0XWWHU GD]X XQG HV ZXUGH HLQ NOHLQHV 7D
URFN JHVSLHOW EHL GHP $ELJDLO GLH =XVFKDXHULQ PDFKWH
6LHYHUKHKOWHLKUH/DQJHZHLOHQLFKWZLHVLHEHUKDXSWPLW
NHLQHULKUHU(PSILQGXQJHQMH]XUFNKLHOW8QGGRFKEOLHE
HLQ UlWVHOKDIWHU GXQNOHU *UXQG LQ LKUHP :HVHQ GHU ]X
ZHLOHQ LQ XQEHZDFKWHQ 6WXQGHQ EHUEOLFNWH XQG PLFK
MHGHVPDO PLW HLQHP OHLVHQ XQKHLPOLFKHQ )U|VWHOQ GXUFK
VFKDXHUWH
,FKZDULP9HUODXIGHU:RFKHQXQG0RQDWHVRRIIHQKHU
]LJJHJHQVLHJHZRUGHQGD‰LFKVHOEVWGLHVHVQLFKWJHUDGH
VFKPHLFKHOKDIWH *HIKO GHP YHUZ|KQWHQ 0lGFKHQ QLFKW
YHUKHKOWH
6LH VDK UXKLJ XQG PLW XQEHZHJOLFKHQ $XJHQ EHU PLFK
KLQZHJ
,FK ZHL‰ ZDV 6LH PHLQHQå VDJWH VLH (V LVW HWZDV LQ
PLUZRYRULFKPLFKVHOEVWIUFKWHXQGNDQQHVGRFKQLFKW
QlKHU EH]HLFKQHQ 9LHOOHLFKW GLH $KQXQJ GD‰ LFK QLH
HUIDKUHQZHUGH ZDV*OFNLVW IUHLOLFK DXFK DQGHUHQ NHLQ
*OFN ]X EULQJHQ EHVWLPPW ELQ RKQH HLJHQH 6FKXOG XQG
GD‰PHLQLQQHUVWHV:HVHQVLFKGDQQHPS|UWXQGDXILUJHQG
HWZDV VLQQW XP VLFK IU GLHVH =XUFNVHW]XQJ ]X UlFKHQ
:LVVHQ 6LH ZLH LFK PLU YRUNRPPH" :LH HLQ (LV]DSIHQ
GHUHLQH)ODPPHOXVWLJIODFNHUQVLHKWXQGVLFKVFKlPWVR
VWDUU XQG NDOW ]X EOHLEHQ XQG QXQ QlKHU KHUDQUFNW XQG
GDEHL QLFKWV ZHLWHU HUUHLFKW DOV GD‰ HU ODQJVDP DE
VFKPLO]W ZHQQ DEHU GLH OHW]WH HLVLJH 6WDUUKHLW JHVFKZXQ
GHQ LVW ZLUG HU VHOEVW QLFKW PHKU YRUKDQGHQ VHLQ 'DV
*OHLFKQLVKLQNWDXIEHLGHQ )‰HQLFK ZHL‰ HV ZRKO DEHU
HV LVW GRFK HWZDV GDUDQ XQG 6LH ZLVVHQ YLHOOHLFKW DXFK
ZDVPLWGHU)ODPPHJHPHLQWLVWå
(VZDUGDVHUVWHPDOGD‰VLHDXIPHLQHOlQJVWQLFKWPHKU
YHUERUJHQH 1HLJXQJ DQVSLHOWH IUHLOLFK XQEDUPKHU]LJ
JHQXJGDVLHPLUMHGH+RIIQXQJDEVFKQLWW:HUZHL‰DEHU
ZRKLQ GDV *HVSUlFK PLFK JHIKUW KlWWH ZHQQ GLH 0XWWHU
QLFKWGD]XJHNRPPHQZlUH
8QGIUHLOLFKKLQNWHGDV*OHLFKQLV'HQQ DXFKGLH )ODP
PHEUDQQWHQLFKWVROXVWLJZLHHLQUHFKWVFKDIIHQHV/LHEHV
IHXHU VROO VRQGHUQ KDWWH ZXQGHUOLFKH $QIlOOH YRQ .KOH
XQG9HUVXFKXQJHQY|OOLJHQ(UO|VFKHQV
6R UHFKW LQV /RGHUQ JHULHW VLH QXU ZHQQ LFK PLW GHP
ZXQGHUVDPHQ 0lGFKHQ XQWHU YLHU $XJHQ ZDU RGHU LP
OLFKWHUKHOOHQ 6DDO LKUH JDQ]H 6FK|QKHLW DQ PLU YRUEHU
VFKZHEWH:DUVLHPHLQHQ$XJHQHQWUFNWVRNDPVLHPLW
GXUFKDXVQLFKWDXVGHP6LQQMDLFKPX‰WHQXQHUVWUHFKW
DQ VLH GHQNHQ GDQQ DEHU VWHWV PLW HLQHU UlWVHOKDIWHQ $E
QHLJXQJ REZRKO LFK LKU QLFKWV %HVWLPPWHV YRUZHUIHQ
NRQQWH :DUåV HLQH 6QGH PLFK QLFKW ]X OLHEHQ RGHU YRQ
GHU/LHEHEHUKDXSWQRFKNHLQHQ+DXFKJHVSUW]XKDEHQ"
8QG MHQHU GXQNOH *UXQG GHU LKU VHOEVW XQKHLPOLFK ZDU
NRQQWHHUVLFKQLFKWHLQHV7DJHVDOVHLQJDQ]XQVFKXOGLJHU
+LQWHUJUXQGHUZHLVHQDXIZHOFKHPDOOHUOHLOLFKWH)UHXGHQ
VLFK GHVWR IDUELJHU XQG UHL]HQGHU DXVQDKPHQ" 8QG GHQ
QRFKGLH7DWVDFKHVWDQGIHVW ,FK ZQVFKWH LFK KlWWH GDV
VFK|QH0lGFKHQQLHNHQQHQJHOHUQWGDVPLFKGRFKLPPHU
YRQQHXHP]XVLFKKLQ]ZDQJXQGZHQQLFKLQLKUHU1lKH
ZDUPHLQH6LQQHLQHLQHQPDJLVFKHQ$XIUXKUEUDFKWH1XU
HLQPDOPHLQHQ0XQGDXIGLHVHGXUVWLJHQ/LSSHQ]XGUN
NHQ QXU HLQPDO YRQ GLHVHQ ZHLFKHQ VFKODQNHQ $UPHQ
XPIDQJHQ ]X ZHUGHQ ± LFK ELOGHWH PLU HLQ GDPLW ZUGH
GHU =DXEHU JHEURFKHQ XQG LFK PLU VHOEVW ]XUFNJHJHEHQ
ZHUGHQ
'LH0XWWHUVDKPLFKNRPPHQXQGJHKHQRKQHVLFKEHU
PHLQ 9HUKlOWQLV ]X LKUHP .LQGH EHVRQGHUH *HGDQNHQ ]X
PDFKHQ'D‰LFKYHUOLHEWZDUIDQGVLHQXULQGHU2UGQXQJ
DEHU JDQ] XQJHIlKUOLFK EHL GHU 6LQQHVDUW GHV 0lGFKHQV
GLHVLHQXU]XJXWNDQQWHXQGQLFKW]XEHNlPSIHQVXFKWH
GD VLH LKUHP EHL DOOHU lX‰HUOLFKHQ )U|PPLJNHLW ZHOWOLFK
VSHNXOLHUHQGHQ*HLVWVHKUHUZQVFKWZDU6LHZROOWHK|KHU
KLQDXV PLW LKUHU JHIHLHUWHQ 7RFKWHU DOV HLQ VFKOLFKWHU
2EHUOHXWQDQWHVLKUELHWHQNRQQWHXQGKRIIWHYRQPLUYRU
DOOHP GD‰ LFK GXUFK PHLQH %HNDQQWVFKDIWHQ LKU GHQ (LQ
WULWWLQGLHDULVWRNUDWLVFKHQ.UHLVHHUOHLFKWHUQZUGH'DQQ
ZUGH HV NDONXOLHUWH VLH DXI GLH /lQJH DQ HLQHP JUlIOL
FKHQRGHUJDUPRUJDQDWLVFKHQ6FKZLHJHUVRKQQLFKWIHKOHQ
'HU 6RPPHU PDFKWH ]XQlFKVW HLQHQ 6WULFK GXUFK GLHVH
5HFKQXQJHQGDGLH*HVHOOVFKDIWå VLFK]HUVWUHXWHXQGDXIV
/DQGKLQDXV]RJ$XFKPHLQHEHLGHQ'DPHQPLHWHWHQHLQH
9LOODLQ7HJHUQVHH]XPHLQHP/HLGZHVHQGDLFKMHW]WQXU
HLQPDODOOHVLHEHQ7DJHVLHEHVXFKHQNRQQWH'LH(QWEHK
UXQJVFKUWHQXQDOOHUGLQJVGLH)ODPPHGHUJHVWDOWGD‰LFK
YRQ 6DPVWDJ ]X 6DPVWDJ LQ HLQHU ILHEHUKDIWHQ 8QJHGXOG
KLQOHEWH]XJOHLFKLQVWHWHU$QJVWZlKUHQGPHLQHUODQJHQ
(QWIHUQXQJ P|FKWH VLFK LUJHQG MHPDQG DQ GLH HLQVDPHQ
)UDXHQ KHUDQGUlQJHQ GHU GHQ $QVSUFKHQ GHU 0DPD
JHQJWH XQG GHU 7RFKWHU QLFKW XQZLOONRPPHQHU DOV LU
JHQGHLQDQGHUHUZlUH
'LHVH 6RUJH ZDU EHUIOVVLJ 'DJHJHQ YHUILQVWHUWH VLFK
SO|W]OLFK GLH /XIW EHU GHU JDQ]HQ GHXWVFKHQ :HOW VR
GURKHQG GD‰ DOOH (LQ]HOVFKLFNVDOH GDYRQ EHUVFKDWWHW
ZXUGHQ
'HU )UDQ]|VLVFKH .ULHJ EUDFK DXV ,FK EHJU‰WH LKQ
IUHXGLJDXFKZHLOHUPHLQHUHLJHQHQXQHUWUlJOLFKHQ6LWXD
WLRQ HLQ (QGH PDFKWH 1XU PLW JHQDXHU 1RW LQGHP LFK
HLQHQ QlFKWOLFKHQ 5LWW GDUDQVHW]WH NRQQWH LFK GLH =HLW ]X
HLQHP$EVFKLHGVEHVXFKLQ7HJHUQVHHHUVFKZLQJHQ
,FK IDQG DP IUKHQ 0RUJHQ GDV VFKPHU]OLFK JHOLHEWH
0lGFKHQ LP *DUWHQ GD VLH PHLQ .RPPHQ QLFKW HUZDUWHW
KDWWH6LHKDWWHHLQ%DGLP6HH JHQRPPHQXQG GLH 0RU
JHQOXIW VFKDXHUWH EHU LKUH EODVVH +DXW XQG GDV EORQGH
+DDU GDV LKU ZLH HLQ ZHLFKHU 0DQWHO EHU GHQ 5FNHQ
KLQDEKLQJ$OVVLHK|UWHZDVPLFK]XVRXQJHZRKQWHU=HLW
KLQDXVJHIKUWZHFKVHOWHVLHGLH)DUEHNHLQHQ$XJHQEOLFN
QXULKUH$XJHQOLGHUVHQNWHQVLFKDOVREVLHHLQHQ9RUKDQJ
EHUGDVQLHGHUODVVHQZROOWHZDVLQLKUYRUJLQJ
1XQåVDJWHVLHGDZLUGMD,KUVHKQOLFKVWHU:XQVFKHU
IOOW 1RQ SL DQGUDL IDUIDOORQ DPRURVR >LWDO 'X ZLUVW
QLFKW OlQJHU DOV YHUOLHEWHU 6FKPHWWHUOLQJ XPKHUIODWWHUQ
$XV GHP /LEUHWWR ]X 0R]DUWV Ä'LH +RFK]HLW GHV )LJD
UR³@ ± 6LH ZHUGHQ :XQGHU GHU 7DSIHUNHLW YHUULFKWHQ XQG
DOVHLQEHUKPWHU6LHJHU]XUFNNHKUHQ,FKZQVFKH,KQHQ
GDVEHVWH*OFNXQGZHUGH,KUHUWlJOLFKJHGHQNHQå
:HUGHQ6LHGDVZLUNOLFK"å VDJWHLFK8QGHWZDVKHU]OL
FKHU DOV MHGHV DQGHUHQ 0XWWHUVRKQV GHU VHLQH %UXVW SUR
SDWULDGHQ.XJHOQGHUIUDQ]|VLVFKHQ0LWUDLOOHXVHQ>IUDQ]
%H]HLFKQXQJ IU 5HYROYHUNDQRQHQ XQG DQGHUH 0DVFKL
QHQZDIIHQ@DXVVHW]W"å
:LH N|QQHQ 6LH GDUDQ ]ZHLIHOQå VDJWH VLH XQG EUDFK
HLQH %OXPH DE GHUHQ 'XIW VLH ZLHGHU PLW MHQHP VHKQ
VFKWLJHQ $XVGUXFN HLQVRJ 6LH ZLVVHQ GD‰ LFK ,KQHQ
VHKUJXWELQ+DEHLFK,KQHQQLFKWPHKU9HUWUDXHQEHZLH
VHQDOVQRFKMHLUJHQGHLQHPMXQJHQ0DQQ"6LQG6LHGDPLW
QLFKW]XIULHGHQ"å
1HLQ $ELJDLOå VDJWH LFK XQG 6LH ZLVVHQ MD DXFK VHKU
JXWZDUXPå 8QGQXQVFKWWHWHLFKPHLQJDQ]HV+HU]]XP
HUVWHQ0DOH±GDLFKGDFKWHHVVHLYLHOOHLFKWGDVOHW]WHPDO
± LQ OHLGHQVFKDIWOLFKHU (UUHJXQJ YRU LKU DXV ,FK ZHL‰å
VFKOR‰LFK6LHHPSILQGHQJDUQLFKWVbKQOLFKHV'HU%OLW]
GHULQPHLQ+HU]HLQJHVFKODJHQKDW,KQHQQLFKWHLQHLQ]L
JHV +DDU ,KUHU 6WLUQO|FNFKHQ YHUVHQJW ,FK ELQ DXFK QLFKW
VRYHUEOHQGHW]XJODXEHQ6LHZUGHQDXVEOR‰HP0LWOHLG
XP PLFK QLFKW JDQ] KRIIQXQJVORV LQV )HOG ]LHKHQ ]X ODV
VHQ HLQ ZlUPHUHV *HIKO KHXFKHOQ (V PX‰WH PLU DEHU
HLQPDOYRQGHQ/LSSHQ]XPHLQHUHLJHQHQ(UOHLFKWHUXQJ±
XQG QXQ HPSIHKOHQ 6LH PLFK ,KUHU )UDX 0XWWHU GHUHQ
0RUJHQWRLOHWWHLFKQLFKWVW|UHQZLOOXQGEHZDKUHQ6LHPLU
HLQJHQHLJWHV$QGHQNHQå
'DVFKOXJVLHGLH$XJHQDXIXQGVDKPLUJHUDGHLQV*H
VLFKWVHKUHUQVWKDIWZlKUHQG LKUH VRQVW LPPHU JOHLFKPl
‰LJ JHIlUEWHQ :DQJHQ HLQH OHLFKWH 5|WH EHUIORJ GLH VLH
VHKUYHUVFK|QWH
1HLQåVDJWHVLHVRGUIHQ6LHGHQQGRFKQLFKWYRQPLU
JHKHQXQG*RWWZHL‰REPDQVLFKMHZLHGHUVLHKW,FKZLOO
,KQHQGDV*HVWlQGQLVPLWDXIGHQ:HJJHEHQGD‰LFKIHVW
EHU]HXJW ELQ ZlUHQ 6LH QRFK HLQ SDDU :RFKHQ RGHU
0RQDWHZLHELVKHUIUHXQGOLFKJXWJHJHQPLFKJHZHVHQVR
KlWWH VLFK GHU EHZX‰WH (LV]DSIHQ LQ HLQ IULVFK JUQHQGHV
5HLV YHUZDQGHOW XQG %OWHQ JHWULHEHQ ± ZLHGHU HLQ KLQ
NHQGHV %LOG DEHU 6LH YHUVWHKHQ PLFK 9LHOOHLFKW GHQNHQ
6LH DQ GLHVHV )UKOLQJVPlUFKHQ ZHQQ 6LH LP NDOWHQ %L
ZDNQDFKWVQLFKWHLQVFKODIHQN|QQHQXQGHUZlUPHQGDUDQ
,KUIU|VWHOQGHV+HU]å
,FKNDQQQLFKWVFKLOGHUQZLHPLUEHLGLHVHQ:RUWHQ]X
PXWH ZDU :DV LFK LQ GHP HUVWHQ 6FKZLQGHO XQG 7DXPHO
DOOHU*HIKOH JHVWDPPHOWKDEH P|JHQ GLH *|WWHU ZLVVHQ
1XU VRYLHO LVW PLU HULQQHUOLFK GD‰ LFK XQWHU DQGHUHP GLH
=XPXWXQJ DQ VLH VWHOOWH QXQ VRIRUW ]XU 0XWWHU ]X JHKHQ
VLH XP LKUHQ 6HJHQ ]X ELWWHQ XQG GDGXUFK XQVHU (LQYHU
VWlQGQLV]XHLQHUUHJHOUHFKWHQ9HUOREXQJ]XVWHPSHOQ
:HQQ6LHPLWPHLQHUHLJHQHQ(UNOlUXQJQLFKW]XIULHGHQ
VLQGåVDJWHVLHNDOWEOWLJVRWXWPLUåVOHLG]XPHKUDEHU
IKO LFK PLFK IU MHW]W QLFKW DXIJHOHJWå ± ZDKUKDIWLJ DXI
JHOHJW VDJWH VLH XQG VDK GDEHL ]XP 9HUUFNWZHUGHQ UHL
]HQG XQG PDUPRUNKO DXV :HQQ ZLU XQV LQ DOOHU )RUP
YHUOREWHQ ZUGH LFK NHLQH UXKLJH 6WXQGH KDEHQ VRQGHUQ
PLU LPPHU ZLH %UJHUV /HQRUH YRUNRPPHQ 1LFKW EOR‰
GLHHZLJH8QUXKH%LVWXQWUHX:LOKHOPRGHUWRW"IUFKWH
LFKVRQGHUQQRFKHWZDVYLHO6FKOLPPHUHV,FKELQQlPOLFK
HQWVHW]OLFK DEHUJOlXELVFK RGHU YLHOPHKU LFK JODXEH VWHLI
XQGIHVWGD‰MHQH%DOODGHQLFKWHLQHEOR‰HVFKDXULJH)DEHO
LVW VRQGHUQ VR RGHU DQGHUV DEHU LQ GHU +DXSWVDFKH VLFK
ZLUNOLFK]XJHWUDJHQ KDW :HQQ ,KQHQ HWZDV 0HQVFKOLFKHV
EHJHJQHWHOLHEHU)UHXQGXQG6LHKlWWHQHLQIHVWHV$QUHFKW
DXIPLFKDOVDXI,KUHIHLHUOLFK,KQHQDQJHOREWH%UDXW±LFK
VFKOLHIHNHLQH1DFKWPHKUXQGZHL‰EHVWLPPWGD‰LUJHQG
HLQ6SXNPHLQHPDUPHQ'DVHLQHLQ(QGHPDFKHQ ZUGH
$OVRODVVHQ6LHXQVGDV:HLWHUHGHU)JXQJGHV+LPPHOV
DQKHLPVWHOOHQXQG]LHKHQ6LHLQV)HOGYRQ PHLQHQ KHU]
OLFKVWHQ*HGDQNHQEHUDOOEHJOHLWHWå
'DV ZDU QXQ GDQDFK DQJHWDQ PHLQH KRFKJHVSDQQWH
6WLPPXQJ XQVDQIW KHUDE]XGUFNHQ 8PVRQVW YHUVXFKWH
LFKPLW(UQVWXQG6FKHU]VLH]XUKUHQGD‰VLHPLUHWZDV
PHKU HLQUlXPWH 'RFK QLFKW HLQPDO GDV 9HUVSUHFKHQ PLU
]XVFKUHLEHQNRQQWHLFKLKUDEJHZLQQHQXQGPX‰WH PLFK
HQGOLFK PLW VHKU JHWHLOWHQ *HIKOHQ YRQ LKU ORVUHL‰HQ
1LFKWVYRQZDKUHUZDUPHU+LQJHEXQJKDWWHLFKJHVSUWLQ
GHU8PDUPXQJGLHVLHPHKUGXOGHWHDOVHUZLGHUWHXQGGLH
VRODQJHUVHKQWHQ/LSSHQGLHLFKIOFKWLJEHUKUHQGXUIWH
ZDUHQ YRQ HLQHU .KOH DOV KlWWHQ VLH QLFKW VRHEHQ HLQ
IUHXQGOLFKHV YHUKHL‰XQJVYROOHV :RUW JHVSUHFKHQ *OHLFK
YLHO ± DOV KRIIQXQJVORVHU /LHEKDEHU ZDU LFK JHNRPPHQ
XQGDOVJOFNOLFKHUZHQQDXFKQRFKQLFKWHUNOlUWHU %UlX
WLJDPULWWLFKZLHGHUGDYRQ
 'DV*OFNZDUQXQIUHLOLFKQLFKWEHUVFKZHQJOLFKJUR‰
(VEHVWDQGQXUGDULQGD‰LFKLQDOOHQGLHQVWIUHLHQ$XJHQ
EOLFNHQ GDUDQ GHQNHQ NRQQWH ZHOFK HLQ 6LHJHVSUHLV QDFK
%HHQGLJXQJ GHV GDPDOV XQDEVHKOLFKHQ .ULHJHV PHLQHU
ZDUWHWH YRUDXVJHVHW]W GD‰ PDQ VLFK GD]X DXIJHOHJWå
IKOHQ ZUGH PHLQH /LHEH XQG 7UHXH ]X EHORKQHQ XQG
GD‰LFKYRQ=HLW]X=HLWGLH9HUVLFKHUXQJHEHQGLHVHU/LHE
XQG 7UHXH QHEVW %HULFKWHQ YRP .ULHJVVFKDXSODW] QDFK
7HJHUQVHHVSlWHUQDFK0QFKHQVFKLFNHQGXUIWH
(LQH$QWZRUWNDPQLH
$QIDQJVKDWWHLFKNHLQ$UJGDEHL:DUåVQLFKWJDQ]NRU
UHNW GD‰ HLQ MXQJHV 0lGFKHQ HLQHP MXQJHQ 0DQQH PLW
GHP VLH QLFKW LQ DOOHU )RUP YHUOREW ZDU NHLQH ]lUWOLFKHQ
%ULHIHVFKULHE"8QGDQGHUHDOV]lUWOLFKHKlWWHQPLFKGRFK
QLFKW JOFNOLFK JHPDFKW :HU ZHL‰ DXFK RE QLFKW GLH
SXULWDQLVFKH 0DPD GLH RKQHKLQ GDV 9HUKlOWQLV QLFKW
ELOOLJHQPRFKWHHLQHQWVFKLHGHQHV9HUERWHUODVVHQKDWWH
$EHU DOOH 0WWHU GHU :HOW DOOH NRUUHNWHQ *UXQGVlW]H
KlWWHQHLQZDKUKDIWOLHEHQGHV+HU]QLFKWDEKDOWHQN|QQHQ
GHPYRQ(QWEHKUXQJHQXQG*HIDKUHQXPULQJWHQ /LHEVWHQ
HLQ ZHQLJ 7URVW LQ GLH )HUQH ]XNRPPHQ ]X ODVVHQ :LH
EHQHLGHWH LFK PHLQH .DPHUDGHQ XP JHZLVVH %ULHIFKHQ
PLWGHQHQVLHVLFKLQLUJHQGHLQHQVWLOOHQ:LQNHOVFKOLFKHQ
XPLP*HQX‰ HLQHU VROFKHQ /LHEHVJDEHå QLFKW JHVW|UW ]X
ZHUGHQ,FKJLQJLPPHUOHHUDXVREZRKOLFKGRFKPHLQHU
VHLWV GHU 3RVW PHKU DOV PDQFKHU %HJOFNWHUH ]X WXQ JDE
8QG HLQHV 7DJHV VFKlPWH LFK PLFK GHU DOO]X VHOEVWORVHQ
5ROOH GLH LFK VSLHOWH ,FK EHVFKOR‰ NHLQH =HLOH PHKU ]X
VFKUHLEHQHKHHLQH1DFKIUDJHQDFKPLUJHVFKHKH0RFKWH
VLHPLFKQXQIUXQWUHXRGHUWRWå KDOWHQ±HVZDUDQLKU]X
]HLJHQ RE PHLQ /HEHQ XQG 6WHUEHQ GHQ JHULQJVWHQ :HUW
IUVLHKDEH
:RFKHQXQG0RQDWHYHUJLQJHQ VHLW GLHVHP (QWVFKOX‰ ±
XQG NHLQH =HLOH NDP 'RFK ZHQQ 6LH GlFKWHQ LFK KlWWH
XQWHU GLHVHP Y|OOLJHQ =XVDPPHQEUXFK PHLQHU +RIIQXQ
JHQVFKZHUJHOLWWHQVRZUGHQ6LHVLFKLUUHQ,FKHPSIDQG
YLHOPHKU HLQH (UOHLFKWHUXQJ XQG HUNDQQWH GD‰ LFK DOO GLH
=HLW LQ HLQHU WUJHULVFKHQ ,OOXVLRQ YRQ *OFN XQG /LHEH
EHIDQJHQJHZHVHQZDUGDLP*UXQGHQXUPHLQH6LQQHPLW
LP 6SLHO JHZHVHQ XQG YLHOOHLFKW PHKU QRFK HLQ JHKHLPHU
7URW] GLHVHP XQQDKEDUHQ :HVHQ GRFK HQGOLFK QlKHU]X
NRPPHQXQGGDV(LV]XVFKPHO]HQ
:DVPLUQXQJHVFKHKHQZDU JDEPLUQRFK]HLWLJ JHQXJ
HLQH KHLOVDPH /HKUH 'DV ZDU NHLQH )UDX ZLH LFK VLH
EUDXFKWH (LQ *OFN GD‰ LFK QRFK PLW JXWHP *HZLVVHQ
]XUFNWUHWHQXQGVWHKHQEOHLEHQNRQQWHZRLFKVWDQGRKQH
]XHUOHEHQGD‰VLHPLUHLQHQ6FKULWWHQWJHJHQWUDW
6RJLQJGDV-DKU]X(QGHZLUKDWWHQZHGHUHLQHQ:HLK
QDFKWVQRFKHLQHQ1HXMDKUVJUX‰DXVJHWDXVFKW,P)HEUXDU
ZXUGH LFK YHUZXQGHW XQG QDFK 0DLQ] WUDQVSRUWLHUW :LH
LFK LQ GHP +DXVH LQ ZHOFKHP LFK ZRFKHQODQJ GLH OLHEH
YROOVWH3IOHJHIDQGGLHNHQQHQOHUQWHGLHLPQlFKVWHQ-DKU
PHLQH )UDX ZXUGH JHK|UW QLFKW KLHUKHU 'DV :RUW GDV
XQVHU 6FKLFNVDO HQWVFKLHG ZDU QRFK QLFKW ]ZLVFKHQ XQV
JHVSURFKHQZRUGHQZLUZX‰WHQQXUGD‰ZLUHLQDQGHUIUV
/HEHQ JHIXQGHQ KDWWHQ GD NDP HLQHV 7DJHV HLQ %ULHI
$ELJDLOVVLHKDEHLQGHU=HLWXQJYRQPHLQHU9HUZXQGXQJ
JHOHVHQXQGIUDJHEHLPLUDQREVLHXQGGLH0XWWHUNRP
PHQ VROOWHQ PLFK ]X SIOHJHQ 9RQ EUlXWOLFKHQ *HIKOHQ
NHLQH6SXUHLQ%ULHIGHVVHQ,QKDOWDXVGHPXQSHUV|QOLFK
VWHQ *HERW DOOJHPHLQHU 1lFKVWHQOLHEH KHUYRUJHJDQJHQ
VHLQ NRQQWH 9LHOOHLFKW KDWWH GLH 0DPD LKQ GLNWLHUW $EHU
PX‰WHGLH7RFKWHUVRVNODYLVFKQDFKVFKUHLEHQ"
,FK EDW +HOHQH GHU LFK GDPDOV ]XHUVW YRQ PHLQHP QXQ
JHO|VWHQ 9HUKlOWQLV HU]lKOWH LQ PHLQHP 1DPHQ IU GDV
IUHXQGOLFKH $QHUELHWHQ ]X GDQNHQ (V IHKOH PLU QLFKWV
XQGLFKVHLLQGHUEHVWHQ3IOHJH
'DV ZDU GDV OHW]WH /HEHQV]HLFKHQ GDV LFK YRQ PHLQHP
DQJHEHWHWHQ%LOGRKQH*QDGHå HUKLHOW(LQDOOHUOHW]WHVGDV
LP +HUEVW  YRQ PLU DXVJLQJ GLH 9HUOREXQJVDQ]HLJH
NDP DOV XQEHVWHOOEDU DXV 0QFKHQ ]XUFN $OV LFK NXU]
GDUDXI VHOEHU ZLHGHU QDFK +DXVH NDP HUIXKU LFK GLH
'DPHQ VHLHQ VFKRQ YRU GHP (LQPDUVFK GHU VLHJUHLFKHQ
7UXSSHQ IRUWJH]RJHQ QLHPDQG ZLVVH ZRKLQ YLHOOHLFKW
QDFKgVWHUUHLFK]XUFNDXILKUHQ/DQGVLW]
'RFKVFKRQLPQlFKVWHQ-DKUGUDQJGDV*HUFKW]XXQV
GLH VFK|QH $ELJDLO KDEH VLFK HEHQIDOOV YHUPlKOW PLW HL
QHP KRFKEHMDKUWHQ UHLFKHQ 1RUGGHXWVFKHQ GHU VLH LQ
HLQHP %DGHRUWH NHQQHQJHOHUQW hEULJHQV HLQ IHLQHU XQG
EHUDOO KRFKJHDFKWHWHU 0DQQ JUR‰HU .XQVWIUHXQG XQG
%HVLW]HU HLQHU DXVJHZlKOWHQ *HPlOGHVDPPOXQJ QHXHUHU
0HLVWHUGHUGDVVFK|QH)UlXOHLQZRKOPHKUDOVHLQH=LHU
GH VHLQHU *DOHULH HLQ DWPHQGHV SODVWLVFKHV .XQVWZHUN
VLFK DQJHHLJQHW KDEH GD HU IQIXQGGUHL‰LJ -DKUH lOWHU VHL
XQGYRQVFKZHUHQJLFKWLVFKHQ*HEUHFKHQJHSODJW'D‰GHU
NDOWH )LVFK ZLH PDQ $ELJDLO QDQQWH VLFK QLFKW ODQJH
EHVRQQHQ KDEH HLQH VROFKH +HLUDW HLQ]XJHKHQ VFKLHQ
QLHPDQG]XYHUZXQGHUQ
6HLWGHPKDEHLFKQLHZLHGHUHLQ:RUWYRQLKUJHK|UWGHU
2UWZRVLHOHEWHZDUPLUQLFKWLP*HGlFKWQLVJHEOLHEHQ
QXUGHQ1DPHQ:LQGKDPKDWWHLFKEHKDOWHQ8QGQXQODV
LFK LKQ LQ GHP /RNDOEODWW GDV LFK DKQXQJVORV EHUIORJHQ
KDWWH XQG NRQQWH QLFKW ]ZHLIHKO HV ZDU LKU *DWWH YRQ
GHVVHQ%LOGHUJDOHULHKLHUGLH5HGHZDU
,FK ULHI GHQ .HOOQHU XQG IUDJWH RE HU PLU 1lKHUHV YRQ
GHP %HVLW]HU GLHVHU *DOHULH XQG VHLQHU )DPLOLH VDJHQ
N|QQH (U ZX‰WH QLFKW PHKU DOV GD‰ +HUU :LQGKDP YRU
HLQLJHQ -DKUHQ JHVWRUEHQ VHL XQG VHLQH 6DPPOXQJ GHU
6WDGW YHUPDFKW KDEH 2E HU HLQH )UDX JHKDEW N|QQH HU
QLFKWVDJHQ9LHOOHLFKWZLVVHHVGHU:LUW'HUVLW]HDEHULQ
VHLQHP3ULYDW]LPPHUPLWHLQSDDU)UHXQGHQEHLP6NDWXQG
OLHEHHVQLFKWGDEHLJHVW|UW]XZHUGHQ
,FKYHUEDWGDVDXFKXQGVXFKWHPLUYRU]XVWHOOHQGD‰LFK
GXUFKDXV NHLQ ,QWHUHVVH GDUDQ KlWWH RE HLQH )UDX $ELJDLO
:LQGKDP DOV :LWZH LQ GLHVHU 6WDGW OHEH RGHU HWZD PLW
LKUHU0XWWHUZLHGHUDXIGHPVWHLULVFKHQ/DQGJXW:DVZDU
PLU GLHVH DOWH )ODPPH" (LQ %LOG XQG HLQ 1DPH 8QG
YLHOOHLFKW ZDU DXFK GDV 8UELOG LQ GLHVHQ HOI -DKUHQ VWDUN
YHUEOLFKHQ RGHU QDFKJHGXQNHOW XQG HLQ :LHGHUVHKHQ
NRQQWHNHLQHPYRQXQVHUZQVFKWVHLQ
/DVVHQ6LHPLFKJHVWHKHQGD‰DXFKHLQQLH JDQ] XQWHU
GUFNWHV *HIKO HLJHQHU 9HUVFKXOGXQJ VLFK ZLHGHU LQ PLU
UHJWH,P*UXQGHZDVKDWWHLFKLKUYRU]XZHUIHQ"6LHKDWWH
QLFKW QXU JHKDOWHQ ZDV VLH QLH YHUVSURFKHQ KDWWH ZDV
LKUHU 1DWXU QXQ HLQPDO YHUVDJW ZDU :HU ZHL‰ ZHQQ LFK
PLFK DXI LKU HLQIDFKHV :RUW YHUODVVHQ XQG DOOHV GHU =X
NXQIW DQKHLPJHVWHOOW KlWWH ZlUH GHU ]DUWH .HLP HLQHU
1HLJXQJ]XPLUDP(QGHZLUNOLFKNUlIWLJ]XU%OWHJHGLH
KHQ XQG HLQ VR ODQJVDP HUVFKORVVHQHV +HU] KlWWH GRFK
ZRKO NHUQHQ JHULQJHUHQ :HUW JHKDEW DOV HLQHV GDV EHU
1DFKW HQWVFKHLGHW 1HLQ HV ZDU HLQ VFK|QHU :DQNHOPXW
JHZHVHQPLFKSO|W]OLFKYRQLKUDE]XZHQGHQ)UHLOLFKRE
LFK PLW LKU VR JOFNOLFK JHZRUGHQ ZlUH ZLH PLW PHLQHU
DUPHQ +HOHQH ±" $EHU GDUDXI NDP HV QLFKW DQ ,FK KDWWH
LKUPHLQH7UHXH JHOREWXQGZDUåV HLQHhEHUHLOXQJ JHZH
VHQDOV(KUHQPDQQZDULFKYHUSIOLFKWHWVLHQLFKWLP6WLFK
]XODVVHQ
bKQOLFKH %HWUDFKWXQJHQ KDWWH LFK LP /DXI GHU OHW]WHQ
-DKUH PHKU DOV HLQPDO DQJHVWHOOW XQG VLH LPPHU PLW 6R
SKLVPHQ ]XUFN]XGUlQJHQ JHVXFKW $Q MHQHP $EHQG
JHZDQQHQVLHHLQHVROFKH0DFKWEHUPLFKGD‰LFKLQVHKU
WUEVHOLJHU 6WLPPXQJ GDVD‰ HLQHQ ELWWHUHQ *HVFKPDFN
DXI GHU =XQJH GHQ VHOEVW GHU HGOH :HLQ QLFKW ZHJVSOHQ
NRQQWH
'DUEHU ZDU HV VSlW JHZRUGHQ 'LH 6SLHOHU KDWWHQ GDV
/RNDO YHUODVVHQ QXU HLQH HLQ]LJH 6FKDFKSDUWLH ]RJ VLFK
KDUWQlFNLJLQGLH/lQJH,FKEUDFKHQGOLFKDXIXQGPHUNWH
QXQHUVWGD‰VFKZHUHU:HLQXQGVFKZHUH*HGDQNHQQLFKW
JXW]XVDPPHQWDXJHQ'HQQGHU.RSIEUDQQWHPLUXQGDP
+HU]HQIKOWH LFK HLQHQ OlVWLJHQ 'UXFN 'DV EHVVHUWH VLFK
DEHU DOV LFK LQ GLH OLQGH 1DFKWOXIW KLQDXVWUDW XQG PHLQHQ
ZRKOEHNDQQWHQ :HJ QDFK GHP *DVWKRI HLQVFKOXJ .HLQHU
0HQVFKHQVHHOHEHJHJQHWHLFKDOVHLQHP1DFKWZlFKWHUGHU
LQGLHVHUDOWHUWPOLFKHQ6WDGWQRFKPLW6SLH‰XQG/DWHUQH
GLH 5XQGH PDFKWH ± GDPDOV ZHQLJVWHQV 'LH /DWHUQH ZDU
EHUIOVVLJ GHQQ HLQ ]DXEHUKDIWHU 0RQGVFKHLQ ODJ DXI
'lFKHUQ XQG *DVVHQ XQG OLH‰ GLH NUDXVHQ 2UQDPHQWH GHU
DOWHQ (UNHU XQG VHOEVW GLH ,QVFKULIWHQ EHU GHQ +DXVWUHQ
WDJKHOOKHUYRUWUHWHQ'LH1DFKWZDUVRZXQGHUYROOGD‰LFK
QRFKHLQHQZHLWHQ8PZHJPDFKWHHKLFKPLFKHQWVFKOR‰
PHLQ=LPPHUDXI]XVXFKHQGDVEHU7DJ]LHPOLFKVFKZO
JHZHVHQ ZDU +RIIHQWOLFK KDWWH GDV =LPPHUPlGFKHQ GLH
)HQVWHURIIHQJHODVVHQ
6RHUUHLFKWHLFKGDV+RWHOIDQGGLH7UQRFKDQJHOHKQW
GHQ3RUWLHUDEHULQVHLQHU=HOOHLQWLHIHQ6FKODIJHVXQNHQ
,FKJ|QQWHLKPVHLQH5XKH]XPDOLFKGHQ=LPPHUVFKOV
VHOKDWWHVWHFNHQODVVHQ'HQ:HJ]XU7UHSSHKLQDXINRQQWH
LFKDXFKEHLGHPVFKOlIULJHQ*DVOLFKWRKQH)KUHUILQGHQ
,FKKRIIWHHLQHQODQJHQ6FKODI]XWXQGHQQLFKIKOWHHLQH
EOHLHUQH 0GLJNHLW LQ DOOHQ *OLHGHUQ $OV LFK DEHU PHLQH
7U|IIQHWHVDKLFKHWZDVZDVSO|W]OLFKDOOHWUlXPHULVFKH
'XPSIKHLWYRQPLUQDKPXQGPLFKPLWHLQHPMlKHQ$XV
UXIGHUhEHUUDVFKXQJDQGLH6FKZHOOHIHVWEDQQWH
'LHEHLGHQ)HQVWHUGHV=LPPHUVJLQJHQQDFKHLQHPIUHL
HQ 3ODW] KLQDXV XQG OLH‰HQ GDV JUHOOH 0RQGOLFKW EUHLW
KHUHLQGULQJHQ'HVWRGXQNOHUZDUHVLQGHUKLQWHUHQ(FNH
ZR GDV %HWW VWDQG XQG JHJHQEHU DQ GHU DQGHUHQ :DQG
EHLGHP6RID8QGGRFKVDKLFKGHXWOLFKGD‰MHPDQGDXI
GHP 6RID VD‰ HLQH VFKZDU]JHNOHLGHWH )UDXHQJHVWDOW
QLFKWV+HOOHVDQLKUDOVGDV*HVLFKW'DVVDKXQEHZHJOLFK
DXV HLQHP VFKZDU]HQ 6FKOHLHU KHUYRU GHU YRQ GHU HLQHQ
+DQGXQWHUGHP.LQQ]XVDPPHQJHKDOWHQZXUGHZlKUHQG
GLH DQGHUH HLQHQ %OXPHQVWUDX‰ JHJHQ GDV *HVLFKW KLHOW
6LH PX‰WH LKQ DXV GHP *ODVH JHQRPPHQ KDEHQ GDV DXI
GHP 7LVFK YRU GHP 6RID VWDQG HLQ SDDU 5RVHQ XQG -DV
PLQEOWHQGLHPLUGLH)UDXPHLQHV)UHXQGHVQDFK7LVFKH
LQLKUHP*DUWHQJHSIOFNWKDWWH
$XFKEHLPHLQHP(LQWULWWUHJWHVLFKGLHYHUKOOWH*HVWDOW
QLFKWLPPLQGHVWHQ(UVWDOVLFKPLFKHUPDQQWHXQGGLFKW
DQ GHQ 7LVFK WUDW ± GLH :RUWH YHUVDJWHQ PLU LFK WUDXWH
QRFK LPPHU PHLQHQ $XJHQ QLFKW ± KRE GLH )UHPGH GHQ
.RSIGHQVLHDXIGLH/HKQHGHV6RIDVKDWWH]XUFNVLQNHQ
ODVVHQXQGLFKVDKQXQWURW]GHU'XQNHOKHLWJDQ]GHXWOLFK
]ZHLJUR‰HJUDXH$XJHQDXIPLFKJHULFKWHW
$ELJDLOå
'LH*HVWDOWEOLHEUXKLJVLW]HQ6LHVFKLHQGXUFKDXVQLFKW
YHUOHJHQDQGLHVHP2UW]XGLHVHUPLWWHUQlFKWLJHQ6WXQGH
VLFK PLU JHJHQEHU ]X EHILQGHQ 1XU GLH +DQG PLW GHQ
%OXPHQ OLH‰ VLH LQ GHQ 6FKR‰ VLQNHQ 'DQQ QDFK HLQHU
:HLOH K|UWH LFK VLH VDJHQ ± GLH 6WLPPH NODQJ PLU XQ
KHLPOLFKIUHPG
.HQQHQ6LHPLFKZLUNOLFKQRFK":DUDOOH0KHGLH6LH
VLFK JHJHEHQ KDEHQ PLFK ]X YHUJHVVHQ XPVRQVW" 1XQ
GDV PDFKW ,KQHQ DOOH (KUH ,FK VHKH GD‰ LFK 6LH GRFK
ULFKWLJWD[LHUWKDEHå
$ELJDLOå ULHILFKZLHGHU,VWHVGHQQP|JOLFK"6LHKLHU"
:LH NRPPHQ 6LH LQ GLHVHV =LPPHU ]X VR XQJHZRKQWHU
=HLW"å
,FKKDWWHPLFKMHW]WDQGDV+DOEGXQNHOJHZ|KQWXQGVDK
GHXWOLFK GD‰ HLQ NDOWHU ODXHUQGHU =XJ LKUHQ 0XQG HQW
VWHOOWH hEULJHQV HUVFKLHQ VLH PLU VFK|QHU DOV LFK VLH LP
*HGlFKWQLV KDWWH QXU EODVVHU XQG GLH %UDXHQ ]RJHQ VLFK
]XZHLOHQVFKPHU]OLFK]XVDPPHQ
:LH LFK KLHUKHUJHNRPPHQ ELQ"å HUZLGHUWH VLH ODQJVDP
PLWHLQHUHWZDVKHLVHUHQ6WLPPHZLHMHPDQGGHUHLQVDP
OHEWXQGGDV6SUHFKHQRIWWDJHODQJQLFKWPHKUEW'DVLVW
VHKUHLQIDFK,FKK|UWH6LHVHLHQKLHUDXINXU]H=HLW'D‰
6LH PLFK QLFKW DXIVXFKHQ ZUGHQ ZX‰WH LFK 'D PX‰WH
LFK PLFK ZRKO HQWVFKOLH‰HQ ]X ,KQHQ ]X NRPPHQ 'HQ
:HJ KLHUKHUDXI ]HLJWH PLU IUHLOLFK QLHPDQG 'HU 3RUWLHU
VFKOLHI$EHULFKODV,KUHQ1DPHQDXIGHUVFKZDU]HQ7DIHO
XQWHQ XQG GDEHL GLH 1XPPHU ,KUHV =LPPHUV 'D ZDU LFK
VR IUHL PLFK KLHU KlXVOLFK QLHGHU]XODVVHQ XP 6LH ]X
HUZDUWHQ,FKP|FKWHGRFKJHUQGDLFKMHW]WVRHLQVDPELQ
± PHLQ 0DQQ LVW YRU GUHL -DKUHQ JHVWRUEHQ ± HLQHQ DOWHQ
)UHXQG HLQPDO ZLHGHU EHJU‰HQ 6LH ZLVVHQ RQ UHYLHQW
WRXMRXUV >IUDQ] PDQ NRPPW LPPHU ]XUFN@ ± )UHLOLFK
VR HLQ DUPHU UHYHQDQW >IUDQ] :LHGHUJlQJHU *HVSHQVW@
PDFKWHLQHWUDXULJH)LJXUDEHUZHQQLFKKl‰OLFKJHZRUGHQ
ELQ6LHGUIHQPLUåVYRUZHUIHQ6LHVLQGMDVFKXOGGDUDQ±
GRFK GDYRQ ZROOHQ ZLU MHW]W QLFKW UHGHQ 0DQ PX‰ VLFK
GDV EL‰FKHQ KEVFKH *HJHQZDUW QLFKW GXUFK XQOLHEVDPH
5FNEOLFNHYHUGHUEHQå
1RFKLPPHUIDQGLFKNHLQ:RUW :DV LFK DXV GHP JDQ
]HQ $EHQWHXHU PDFKHQ VROOWH ZDU PLU UlWVHOKDIW $ELJDLO
GLHLFKVRVWRO]XQG]XUFNKDOWHQGJHNDQQWKDWWHMHW]WKLHU
XP 0LWWHUQDFKW DXI PHLQHP VWLOOHQ *DVWKRI]LPPHU QXU
XPPLFKZLHGHU]XEHJU‰HQ
(VLVWVRGXQNHO KLHUå VWDPPHOWH LFK HQGOLFK HUODXEHQ
6LHGD‰LFK/LFKWPDFKHå
1HLQ ODVVHQ 6LHå ILHO VLH PLU LQV :RUW (V LVW KHOO JH
QXJ GD‰ ZLU XQVHUH $XJHQ VHKHQ N|QQHQ XQG ZHLWHU
EHGDUI HV QLFKWV ,FK ELQ HLWHO PVVHQ 6LH ZLVVHQ 6LH
VROOHQ QLFKW DXI PHLQHP *HVLFKW GLH 6SXUHQ GHU YLHOHQ
-DKUHVHKHQGLHVHLWXQVHUHUOHW]WHQ%HJHJQXQJYHUIORVVHQ
VLQG,FKKDEHGLH=HLWQLFKWJHUDGHVHKUOXVWLJ]XJHEUDFKW
:HQQ 6LH PLFK QLFKW KlWWHQ VLW]HQODVVHQ ZlUH LFK YLHO
OHLFKW YHUJQJW JHZHVHQ XQG ZHU VLFK JOFNOLFK IKOW
DOWHUWQLFKWå
*QlGLJH)UDX±å ULHILFKXQGZROOWHLKUVDJHQGD‰LFK
PLFK ]ZDU QLFKW IUHL YRQ 6FKXOG ZLVVH VLH DEHU ZDV JH
VFKHKHQPLWYHUVFKXOGHWKDEH6LHOLH‰PLFKDEHUQLFKW]X
:RUWHNRPPHQ
1HQQHQ 6LH PLFK PLW PHLQHP 0lGFKHQQDPHQ QLFKW
JQlGLJH)UDXå VDJWHVLH6RODQJHPHLQ0DQQOHEWHPX‰WH
LFK PLU GLHVH $QUHGH JHIDOOHQ ODVVHQ GLH PLU GRFK QLFKW
]XNDP ,FK ZDU QXU GLH EDUPKHU]LJH 6FKZHVWHU PHLQHV
JXWHQ 0DQQHV QLFKW VHLQ :HLE 8QG QRFK HWZDV IUHLOLFK
VHLQ0RGHOOGDVHUYHUJ|WWHUWHDQEHWHWHGHVVHQ6FK|QKHLW
]XSUHLVHQHUQLFKWPGHZXUGH$QIDQJVPDFKWHPLUGDV
9HUJQJHQEDOGDEHUODQJZHLOWHPLFKåV8QGGD‰HUPLFK
LQ KXQGHUW 6WHOOXQJHQ XQG /DJHQ ]HLFKQHWH HUVFKLHQ PLU
YROOHQGV DOV HLQH XQDXVVWHKOLFKH )URQ $EHU ZDV VROOW LFK
PDFKHQ" (V ZDU VHLQH HLQ]LJH )UHXGH XQG GLH GXUIWH LFK
LKPQLFKWVW|UHQHUZDUHLQVRHGOHUOLHEHU0HQVFKZHLW
EHVVHU DOV 6LH 8QG GRFK IKOW LFK PLFK ZLH HUO|VW DOV HU
HQGOLFKVHLQHQ/HLGHQHUOHJHQZDUå
$ELJDLOå VDJWH LFK HV LVW PLU OLHE GD‰ LFK HV HLQPDO
YRP +HU]HQ ZlO]HQ NDQQ ZDV PLFK VR ODQJH EHGUFNW
KDWå 8QG QXQ VDJWH LFK LKU DOOHV PHLQHQ .XPPHU EHU
LKUH .lOWH GLH JHWlXVFKWH +RIIQXQJ ZlKUHQG GHV ODQJHQ
)HOG]XJVZHUGHGDV%DQGYRQLKUHP+HU]HQVSULQJHQXQG
GD‰ LFK HQGOLFK YHU]ZHLIHOW VHL MHPDOV GDV (LV XP LKUH
%UXVW]XVFKPHO]HQ
2Kå VDJWH VLH PLW HLQHP OHLVHQ =LWWHUQ LQ GHU 6WLPPH
6LH VWHOOHQ GDV VHKU ]X ,KUHP 9RUWHLO GDU PHLQ VFK|QHU
+HUU :HQQ 6LH PLFK ZLUNOLFK JHOLHEW KlWWHQ ZlUH ,KQHQ
GLH*HGXOGQLFKWDXVJHJDQJHQGDUDXI]XZDUWHQGD‰LFK
GD LFK GLH /LHEH HUVW PKVDP EXFKVWDELHUHQ PX‰WH HQG
OLFK ELV ]XP = JHODQJWH QDFKGHP LFK GRFK HLQPDO $
JHVDJW KDWWH $EHU VREDOG 6LH LP )HOGH ZDUHQ K|UWH LFK
DXIIU6LH]XH[LVWLHUHQå
 :LH N|QQHQ 6LH GDV VDJHQ $OOH %ULHIH GLH LFK ,KQHQ
VFKULHE±å
,FKKDEHQLFKWHLQHQHLQ]LJHQEHNRPPHQå
:LU VWDUUWHQ HLQDQGHU DQ -HGHP YRQ XQV GUlQJWH VLFK
GHUVHOEH*HGDQNHDXIGD‰GLH0XWWHUPHLQH%ULHIHXQWHU
VFKODJHQKDEH$EHUNHLQVEUDFKWHGDVEHUGLH/LSSHQ
-HQXQåVDJWHVLHHQGOLFKZDVKLOIWHVVLFKEHUYHUOR
UHQH'LQJHGHQ.RSIRGHUJDUGDV+HU]]X]HUEUHFKHQ6LH
KDEHQ HLQHQ KLQOlQJOLFKHQ (UVDW] JHIXQGHQ XQG DXFK LFK
KlWWH HV YLHO VFKOLPPHU KDEHQ N|QQHQ $P (QGH ZlUHQ
ZLU ]ZHL QLFKW HLQPDO JOFNOLFK PLWHLQDQGHU JHZRUGHQ
,FK JHVWHKH ,KQHQ HKUOLFKLFKZHL‰LPPHU QRFK QLFKW RE
LFK LP *UXQGH JXW RGHU VFKOHFKW ELQ 9LHOOHLFKW ELQ LFK
NHLQV YRQ EHLGHQ 9LHOOHLFKW GHQNW GLH 1DWXU ZHQQ VLH
HLQHQ0HQVFKHQEHVRQGHUVVFK|QJHVFKDIIHQKDWVLHKDEH
QXQJHQXJIULKQJHWDQXQGEUDXFKHLKPZHLWHUQLFKWVLQV
/HEHQ PLW]XJHEHQ 0HLQ 0DQQ GHU HLQ .XQVWHQWKXVLDVW
ZDU YHUODQJWH DXFK QLFKW PHKU 6LH DEHU ± LFK JODXEH HV
KlWWH 6LH EDOG JHODQJZHLOW PHLQH VFK|QHQ 6FKXOWHUQ XQG
$UPHDQ]XJDIIHQå
'DPLWVFKOXJVLHGHQVFKZDU]HQ6FKOHLHU]XUFNXQGODJ
KLQJHJRVVHQLQGHUUHL]HQGVWHQ+DOWXQJPLWHLQHPHUQVWHQ
%OLFN DQ VLFK VHOEVW KLQXQWHUVFKDXHQG $EHU RKQH (LWHO
NHLW QXU ZLH PDQ HLQ %LOG EHWUDFKWHW 6LH ZDU LQ GHU 7DW
QRFK VFK|QHU JHZRUGHQ PLW GHU JU|‰HUHQ 5HLIH GLH EODV
VHQ$UPHHLQZHQLJYROOHUXQGDXFKMHW]WQXUREHQDQGHU
$FKVHO PLW HLQHP VFKPDOHQ %DQG XPVFKOXQJHQ GDV DOOH
$XJHQEOLFNH KHUDE]XUXWVFKHQ GURKWH ZRUDXI VLH HV UXKLJ
ZLHGHULQGLH+|KHVFKRE,FKVDKZLHGHUGLHGUHLNOHLQHQ
1DUEHQ DP OLQNHQ 2EHUDUP XQG ZLHGHU NDP PLU GDV
*HOVW PHLQH /LSSHQ GDUDXI ]X GUFNHQ XQG YRQ GHQ
JODWWHQ ZHLFKHQ 6FKODQJHQ LKUHU $UPH PHLQHQ +DOV XP
VWULFNW]XIKOHQ
(QGOLFKDOVZUGHVLHGXUFKPHLQHQ]XGULQJOLFKSUIHQ
GHQ%OLFNEHOlVWLJWQDKPVLHGLH)DOWHQGHV6FKOHLHUVEHU
LKUHU%UXVWZLHGHU]XVDPPHQXQGVWDQGDXI
'LHVHV6WUlX‰FKHQQHKPLFK]XP$QGHQNHQPLWåVDJWH
VLH ,KU KDEW YLHO VFK|QHUH %OXPHQ DOV ZLU DXFK GXIWHQ
VLHZDVXQVHUHQLFKWWXQå
6LH ]RJ HLQH +DQGYROO ,PPRUWHOOHQ KHUYRU GLH VLH LP
WLHIHQ $XVVFKQLWW LKUHV VFKZDU]HQ 6DPWNOHLGHV JHWUDJHQ
KDWWH:ROOHQ6LHVLHKDEHQ"$XFK]XP$QGHQNHQ":R]X
VROO LFK PLFK DXFK VRQVW SXW]HQ DOV IU HLQHQ JXWHQ
)UHXQG"6RJXWZLUGPLUåVQLFKWDOOH7DJHå
$ELJDLOå ULHI LFK MHW]W YROOHQGV KLQJHULVVHQ GD VLH LQ
LKUHUJDQ]HQ6FK|QKHLWDPPRQGEHVFKLHQHQHQ)HQVWHUYRU
PLU VWDQG GDV EORQGH +DDU XQWHU GHP 6FKOHLHU YRUOHXFK
WHQG VROO GLHV XQVHU OHW]WHV %HJHJQHQ JHZHVHQ VHLQ" 6LH
VLQG ZLHGHU IUHL XQG LFK VR HLQVDP ZLH 6LH XQG GD‰ ZLU
QLFKWIUKHU]XVDPPHQNRPPHQNRQQWHQ±ZLUKDEHQMHW]W
HLQJHVHKHQGD‰HVQLFKWXQVHUH6FKXOGZDU/LHEH$ELJDLO
±N|QQHQ6LHVLFK±NDQQVWGXGLFKMHW]WQRFKHQWVFKOLH‰HQ
PHLQ:HLE]XZHUGHQ"å
,FKVWU]WHDXIVLH]XXQGZROOWHVLHLQPHLQH$UPH]LH
KHQ6LHWUDWDEHUHLQHQJUR‰HQ6FKULWW]XUFNXQGVWUHFNWH
EHLGH+lQGHDEZHKUHQGJHJHQPLFKDXV
1HLQ PHLQ VFK|QHU +HUUå VDJWH VLH XQG HLQ NKOHU
VS|WWLVFKHU $XVGUXFN GHV ZHL‰HQ *HVLFKWV VFKOXJ PHLQH
:DOOXQJQLHGHU0DFKHQZLU NHLQH 'XPPKHLW 6LH KDEHQ
PLFK GDUXP JHEUDFKW ]X HUIDKUHQ ZLH GDV /HEHQ DQ GHU
6HLWHHLQHVJHOLHEWHQ0HQVFKHQVHLQN|QQWH'DVKROWPDQ
QLH ZLHGHU QDFK 6LH ZUGHQ EHVWlQGLJ 9HUJOHLFKH DQVWHO
OHQ ]ZLVFKHQ PLU XQG GHU JXWHQ NOHLQHQ )UDX GLH 6LH VR
JOFNOLFK JHPDFKW KDW XQG VR JDQ] DQGHUV ZDU DOV LFK ±
RGHU N|QQHQ 6LH OHXJQHQ GD‰ 6LH JODXEHQ HLQH EHVVHUH
)UDXKDEHQLHHLQ0HQVFKEHVHVVHQ"±1XQXQGLFKZHQQ
LFK DXFK JHZQVFKW KlWWH PHLQ 0DQQ P|FKWH GUHL‰LJ
-DKUH MQJHU JHZHVHQ VHLQ ± ZLH HU PLFK DQJHEHWHW ZLUG
PLFK QLHPDQG PHKU DQEHWHQ $OVR HLQHQ 6WULFK GDUXQWHU
XQGRKQH:LQVHOQXQG:HKNODJHQ$EHULFKVHKHV,KQHQ
DQ 6LH VLQG MHW]W VHKU YHUOLHEW LQ PLFK QXQ XQG ZDUXP
VROOWH LFK 6LH YHUVFKPDFKWHQ ODVVHQ" ,FK ELQ MD MHW]W JDQ]
XQDEKlQJLJ XQG NDQQ EHU PHLQH 3HUVRQ QDFK %HOLHEHQ
YHUIJHQ :HQQ PDQåV HLQPDO YHUVFKHU]W KDW VLFK DP
*OFN VDWW ]X WULQNHQ ZDUXP VROO PDQ YHUVFKPlKHQ
HLQPDO GDYRQ ]X QLSSHQ XP VLFK ZHQLJVWHQV HLQH NXU]H
,OOXVLRQ YRQ *OFN ]X YHUVFKDIIHQ ]XPDO LQ HLQHU VR
VFKZOHQ 1DFKW ZR HLQ DUPHV 0HQVFKHQNLQG HLQH (UIUL
VFKXQJZRKOEUDXFKHQNDQQ"å
,FKNDQQQLFKWEHVFKUHLEHQZLHZXQGHUOLFKGLHVH:RUWH
DXI PLFK ZLUNWHQ 'LHV *HPLVFK YRQ 6FKZHUPXW XQG
/HLFKWIHUWLJNHLWYRQ5HVLJQDWLRQXQG*HQX‰VXFKWZDUPLU
VRIUHPGDQGHPHLQVWVRVSU|GHQXQGNKOHQ:HVHQGD‰
LFKPLFKHUVWHLQH:HLOHIDVVHQPX‰WHHKLFKHWZDVJHZL‰
VHKU (LQIlOWLJHV HUZLGHUQ NRQQWH ,FK K|UWH VLH DXFK OHLVH
ODFKHQ
6LH ZXQGHUQ VLFK GD‰ LFK WURW] PHLQHU SXULWDQLVFKHQ
(U]LHKXQJVRZHQLJSUGHELQ1XQGDVYHUJHKWHLQHPPLW
GHQ -DKUHQ GHU GXQNOH *UXQG GULQJW LPPHU PHKU KHUDXI
YRU :XW XQG *UDP EHU HLQ YHUORUHQHV /HEHQ N|QQWH
VHOEVWHLQ(QJHOYRQHLQHPNHXVFKHQ:HLEH]XHLQHU7HX
IHOLQZHUGHQ$EHU6LHEUDXFKHQNHLQH$QJVW]XKDEHQLFK
GUlQJH PLFK ,KQHQ QLFKW DXI ,FK VDJW HV MD VFKRQ HLQ
DUPHU5HYHQDQWGDUIQLFKWJUR‰H$QVSUFKHPDFKHQ$OVR
OHEHQ6LHZRKOXQGJXWH1DFKWå
6LH KDWWH GDV PLW VR HLJHQWPOLFK JHGlPSIWHU 6WLPPH
ZLH HUJHEHQ LQ HLQ WUDXULJHV 6FKLFNVDO JHVSURFKHQ GD‰
PHLQJDQ]HV+HU]LKUZLHGHUHQWJHJHQVFKOXJ,FKVWUHFNWH
GHQ $UP DXV VLH DQ PHLQH %UXVW ]X ]LHKHQ DEHU ZLHGHU
WUDWVLH]XUFN
1LFKW KLHUå IOVWHUWH VLH :DV ZUGHQ GLH /HXWH LP
+DXVHYRQPLUGHQNHQZHQQLFKPRUJHQIUKGLH7UHSSH
KLQXQWHUJLQJH %HJOHLWHQ6LHPLFKLQPHLQH:RKQXQJGD
VLQGZLUXQJHVW|UWXQGNHLQ+DKQNUlKWGDQDFKZHQQLFK
PLU *HVHOOVFKDIW HLQODGH :ROOHQ 6LH" 1XQ VR NRPPHQ
6LH XQG ODVVHQ 6LH XQV NHLQH =HLW PHKU YHUOLHUHQ 'LH
6WXQGHQHLOHQXQGGDV*OFNHQWHLOWPLWLKQHQå
6LH ZDQGWH VLFK QDFK GHU 7U XQG LFK VDK ZLHGHU PLW
(QW]FNHQ LKUHQ OHLFKWHQ VFKZHEHQGHQ *DQJ GHU XQK|U
EDU EHU GHQ 7HSSLFK JOLWW $OO PHLQH 6LQQH ILHEHUWHQ DOV
LFK LKU IROJWH GLH 7UHSSH KLQDE ZR GDV *DV MHW]W DXVJH
O|VFKWZDU]XGHPXQYHUVFKORVVHQHQ+DXVHKLQDXV'UDX
‰HQ ZROOWH LFK PLFK LKUHV $UPHV EHPlFKWLJHQ VLH VFKW
WHOWH DEHU VWXPP GHQ .RSI XQG JLQJ UXKLJ LKUHV :HJHV
GRFKVRGLFKWQHEHQPLUGD‰ZHQQVLHVLFK]XPLUZDQGWH
GHU NKOH +DXFK LKUHV 0XQGHV PLFK EHUKUWH 'DV JH
VFKDK QLFKW RIW 0HLVW VDK LFK QXU LKU 3URILO XQG ZLHGHU
ILHO PLU GHU GXUVWLJH OHFK]HQGH $XVGUXFN LKUHV 0XQGHV
DXI KDOEJH|IIQHW GD‰ GLH =lKQH YRUVFKLPPHUWHQ GLH
2EHUOLSSH HLQ ZHQLJ YRUJHVWUHFNW 6LH KDWWH GHQ .RSI LQ
GHQ1DFNHQJHZRUIHQGDV+DDUZDUDXIJHJDQJHQXQGIOR‰
XQWHU GHP 6FKOHLHU EHU LKUHQ 5FNHQ GLH QDFNWHQ $QQH
ODJHQ EHUHLQDQGHUJHVFKODJHQ XQWHU GHU HQWEO|‰WHQ %UXVW
GLHVLHGHP1DFKWZLQGSUHLVJDE
)ULHUWGLFKQLFKW"å VDJWHLFK
6LH VFKWWHOWH QXU ZLHGHU GHQ .RSI 'DQQ ZDUI VLH PLU
SO|W]OLFKHLQHQDUJZ|KQLVFKHQODXHUQGHQ6HLWHQEOLFN]X
'XJHQLHUVWGLFKVRPLWPLUEHUGLH6WUD‰H]XJHKHQå
VDJWH VLH $EHU VHL XQEHVRUJW LFK NRPSURPLWWLHUH GLFK
QLFKW $XFK ZHQQ XQV MHPDQG EHJHJQHWH HU ZUGH QLFKW
GHQNHQ LFK IKUWH GLFK MHW]W ]X HLQHU 6FKlIHUVWXQGH ,FK
KDEH HLQHQ VHKU JXWHQ 5XI 1LHPDQG ZUGH ZDJHQ LKQ
DQ]XWDVWHQ0DQZHL‰GD‰LFKJDQ]HKUEDUXQGDEJHVFKLH
GHQ ZRKQH XQG NHLQHQ 0DQQ EHU PHLQH 6FKZHOOH ODVVH
DX‰HU GHP DOWHQ *lUWQHU GHU PLU PHLQH %OXPHQ LQ 2UG
QXQJKlOW$XFKNRPPLFKJDUQLFKWDQGLH/XIWZDVKlWWH
LFK DXFK GUDX‰HQ ]X VXFKHQ" +HXWH KDEH LFK HLQH $XV
QDKPHJHPDFKWXPGHLQHWZLOOHQRQUHYLHQWWRXMRXUVjVHV
SUHPLqUHV DPRXUV >IUDQ] PDQ NRPPW DXI VHLQH HUVWHQ
$PRXUHQ ]XUFN@ DEHU GDV KDE LFK GLU MD VFKRQ HLQPDO
JHVDJW -D VLHKVW GX PDQ ZLUG HLQW|QLJ ZHQQ PDQ OLHEW
ZDVOLHJWGDUDQ"'XZLUVWPLFKGDUXPQLFKWYHUDFKWHQå
,Q GLHVHP $XJHQEOLFN NDP XQV HLQ YHUVSlWHWHU 1DFKW
VFKZlUPHUHQWJHJHQ(UJLQJDEHUDQXQVYRUEHLDOVVlKH
HUQXUPLFKQLFKWGDVVFK|QHVHOWVDPJHNOHLGHWH:HLEDQ
PHLQHU 6HLWH GHVVHQ SUDFKWYROOH 6FKXOWHUQ XQWHU GHP
VFKZDU]HQ 6FKOHLHU VLFKWEDU JHQXJ KHUYRUVFKLPPHUWHQ
,FKK|UWHVLHOHLVHODFKHQ
+DE LFK GLUåV QLFKW JHVDJW" 'HU ZHUWH +HUU ZDU QXU VR
GLVNUHWXPPLFKQLFKWYHUOHJHQ]XPDFKHQ0HLQHWZHJHQ
N|QQWH HU GLHVHV =DUWJHIKO VSDUHQ :DV NPPHUW PLFK
PHLQ 5XI" :HQ JHKW HV ZDV DQ ZHQQ LFK HLQHP DOWHQ
)UHXQGH REZRKO HUåV QLFKW XP PLFK YHUGLHQW KDW HWZDV
]XOLHEHWXQZLOO"å
:lKUHQGVLHVSUDFKHLOWHVLHVRUDVFKYRUZlUWV±LPPHU
VRODXWORVDOVJLQJHVLHDXIQDFNWHQ)‰HQ±GD‰LFKNDXP
6FKULWW PLW LKU KDOWHQ NRQQWH 6R NDPHQ ZLU YRUV 7RU
'LHVH*HJHQGZDUPLUXQEHNDQQW(LQLJHlUPOLFKH+lXVHU
LQ GHQHQ $UEHLWHU ZRKQHQ PRFKWHQ VWDQGHQ UHFKWV XQG
OLQNV YRQ GHU VWDXELJHQ PLW 3DSSHOQ EHSIODQ]WHQ &KDXV
VHHXQGHQGOLFKK|UWHMHGH6SXUHLQHU$QVLHGOXQJDXI'HU
0RQG ZDU KLQWHU HLQH KHOOH :RONHQVFKLFKW JHJDQJHQ HLQ
VWlUNHUHU:LQGKDWWHVLFKDXIJHPDFKWXQGVDXVWHGXUFKGLH
:LSIHOEHUXQV
6LQGZLUEDOGDP=LHO"å IUDJWHLFKGDHLQXQKHLPOLFKHV
*HIKOPHKUXQGPHKUPHLQH%UXVWEHHQJWH
%DOGå IOVWHUWHVLH'XVLHKVWVFKRQGLH 0DXHU PHLQHV
*DUWHQV GRUW ]XU /LQNHQ 0HLQH :RKQXQJ OLHJW PLWWHQ
GDULQ%LVWGXDEHUPGH":LOOVWGXXPNHKUHQ"å
6WDWWDOOHU$QWZRUWVXFKWHLFKVLHDQPLFK]X]LHKHQ,FK
IKOWHHLQEUHQQHQGHV9HUODQJHQVLHDXIGHQ ZHL‰HQ+DOV
]X NVVHQ $EHU ZLHGHU HQWZDQG VLH VLFK PLU XQG VDJWH
:DUWH QXU :DV GX ZQVFKHVW ZLUG GLU IUK JHQXJ 8QG
GDVLQGZLUVFKRQ'XZLUVWGLFKZXQGHUQZLHKEVFKLFK
ZRKQHå
:LU VWDQGHQ YRU HLQHP EUHLWHQ HLVHUQHQ *LWWHU GDV GHQ
(LQJDQJLQHLQHQZHLWHQ*DUWHQYHUVFKOR‰9RQGHQ$QOD
JHQVDKPDQQLFKWVDOVHLQH$OOHHGLHJHUDGHDXVVLFKZHLW
LQGHQ+LQWHUJUXQGHUVWUHFNWHDXV]\SUHVVHQDUWLJHQ7D[XV
VWUlXFKHUQ XQG 7XMDElXPFKHQ JHELOGHW ]ZLVFKHQ GHQHQ
KLH XQG GD HLQ 0DUPRUELOG YRUOHXFKWHWH $P lX‰HUVWHQ
(QGH UDJWH HLQ HLQVW|FNLJHU %DX LQ GLH +|KH PLW HLQHP
KDOEUXQGHQ'DFKGDVPX‰WHGLH9LOODVHLQ(VODJDEHUHLQ
VR EOHLFKHU 1HEHOGXIW EHU DOOHP GD‰ PDQ LQ VROFKHU
(QWIHUQXQJQLFKWVJHQDXXQWHUVFKHLGHQNRQQWH
:LOOVW GX QLFKW DXIVFKOLH‰HQ"å IUDJWH LFK 'LH 1DFKW
YHUJHKWå
2K VLH LVW QRFK ODQJ JHQXJå DQWZRUWHWH VLH OHLVH PLW
HLQHP K|KQLVFKHQ 7RQ 8QG LFK KDEH GHQ 6FKOVVHO YHU
JHVVHQ:DVIDQJHQZLUQXQDQ"å
'D LVW HLQH .OLQJHO QHEHQ GHU 3IRUWHå VDJWH LFK 6LH
ZLUGGHQ*lUWQHUZHFNHQZHQQGHUVFKRQVFKODIHQVROOWHå
 8QWHUVWHK GLFK GLH *ORFNH ]X ]LHKHQ 1LHPDQG GDUI
ZLVVHQ GD‰ LFK GLFK EHL PLU HLQODVVH GHU DOWH 0DQQ DP
ZHQLJVWHQ (U ZUGH PLFK YHUDFKWHQ XQG PHLQH %OXPHQ
QLFKW PHKU EHJLH‰HQ $EHU ZLU EUDXFKHQ DXFK QLHPDQG
:HQQZLUXQVQXUHLQZHQLJVFKPLHJHQJHKWHVDXFKVRå
,QGHP VLH GDV VDJWH VDK LFK ZLH VLH GXUFK GHQ =ZL
VFKHQUDXP ]ZHLHU (LVHQVWlEH KLQGXUFKJOLWW VR OHLFKW DOV
ZlUHVWDWWGHUSSLJHQ)UDXHQJHVWDOWHLQH:RONHKLQHLQJH
VFKZHEW
1XQ VWDQG VLH GUEHQ MHW]W ZLHGHU LP KHOOHQ 0RQG
VFKHLQ XQG QLFNWH PLU ]X :HU PLFK OLHEKDW IROJH PLU
QDFKå ULHI VLH ZLHGHU PLW LKUHP VFKDGHQIURKHQ /DFKHQ
=XJOHLFKDEHUOHXFKWHWHPLUQXQLKUH6FK|QKHLWYROOHQWJH
JHQGD‰LFKYRU6HKQVXFKWXQG8QJHGXOGDXVGHU+DXW]X
IDKUHQGDFKWH
6SLHOH QLFKW VR JUDXVDP PLW PLUå ULHI LFK 'X VLHKVW
ZRKO DXI GLHVHP :HJH NDQQ LFK QLFKW ]X GLU NRPPHQ
+DVWGXPLFKVRZHLWJHORFNWVRYROOHQGHQXQGHLQ JXWHV
:HUNKROHGHQ6FKOVVHOXQGOD‰PLFKHLQå
'DVN|QQWHGHP+HUUQZRKOJHIDOOHQå K|KQWHVLHGXUFK
GDV*LWWHUXQGLKUH$XJHQEOLW]WHQPLFKDQ8QGPRUJHQ
IUKZHQQGLH+lKQHNUlKHQJLQJHHUDXIXQGGDYRQXQG
OLH‰H PLFK HLQVDPH :LWZH RKQH DOOH *HZLVVHQVELVVH ]X
UFN'HQQLFKELQQXUVFK|QEHL1DFKW:HQQGLH6RQQH
VFKHLQW GDUI LFK PLFK QLFKW VHKHQ ODVVHQ 1HLQ VFK|QHU
+HUUHVZDUPLUQXUXPHLQVLFKHUHV*HOHLW]XWXQGDHLQH
WXJHQGVDPH)UDXXP0LWWHUQDFKWQLFKWJHUQDOOHLQDXIGHU
6WUD‰H JHWURIIHQ ZLUG 8QG QXQ EHGDQN LFK PLFK IU GHQ
5LWWHUGLHQVW XQG ZQVFKH GHP +HUUQ 0DMRU RGHU ZDV HU
VRQVWVHLQPDJHLQHJOFNOLFKH5HLVHå
6LHPDFKWHHLQHQWLHIHQ.QLFNVZREHLVLFKGLHUHL]HQGH
*HVWDOW YHUIKUHULVFKHU DOV MH GDUVWHOOWH XQG ZDQGWH VLFK
GDQQODQJVDPDEXPGLH$OOHHKLQDXI]XVFKUHLWHQ
$ELJDLOå ULHI LFK DX‰HU PLU LVW HV P|JOLFK 6R XQ
PHQVFKOLFKNDQQVWGXPLFKEHKDQGHOQPLUHUVWDOOH+LP
PHO RIIHQ ]HLJHQ XQG PLFK GDQQ HUEDUPXQJVORV LQ GLH
VFKDGHQIURKH+|OOHVWU]HQ":HQQLFKHVYHUVFKHU]WKDEH
GLFK MH GLH 0HLQH ]X QHQQHQ VWR‰ PLFK ZHQLJVWHQV QLFKW
RKQHMHGHQ7URVWYRQGLU JLEPLUHLQHQ7URSIHQ /LHEH]X
NRVWHQGD‰LFKPHLQHGXUVWLJH6HHOHGDPLWEHVFKZLFKWLJH
1XUHLQHQ.X‰$ELJDLO±DEHUQLFKWZLHGDPDOVDOVGHLQ
+HU]QLFKWDXIGHLQHQ/LSSHQZDUVRQGHUQZLHPDQHLQHQ
)UHXQG N‰W GHP PDQ HLQ VFKZHUHV 9HUJHKHQ YHU]LHKHQ
KDWå
6LH ZDU VWHKHQJHEOLHEHQ XQG GUHKWH VLFK UXKLJ ZLHGHU
QDFKPLUXP:HQQGHP+HUUQPLWVRZHQLJJHGLHQWLVW±
$ELJDLO LVW QLFKW JUDXVDP REZRKO GDV /HEHQ LKU VHOEVW
JUDXVDPPLWJHVSLHOWKDW8QGEHUGLHVKlWWHLFKDXFKZRKO
HLQPDO /XVW]XNVVHQZR]XLFKPHLQ /HEWDJQLFKWUHFKW
JHNRPPHQELQå
 6LHNHKUWHXPXQGWUDWZLHGHUGLFKWDQGDV*LWWHUKHUDQ
0LW GHQ EHLGHQ JODWWHQ ZHL‰HQ $UPHQ JULII VLH GXUFK GLH
6WlEHKLQGXUFKXQG]RJPHLQHQ.RSIUDVFKDQLKU*HVLFKW
KHUDQ *DQ] QDKH VDK LFK LKUH JUR‰HQ JUDXHQ $XJHQ GLH
DXFK MHW]W RKQH /LHEH XQG RKQH +D‰ LQ NDOWHP *OlQ]H
VWUDKOWHQ 'DQQ IKOWH LFK ZLH LKU 0XQG VLFK DXI GHQ
PHLQHQ SUH‰WH XQG HLQ VHOWVDPHU 6FKDXHU KDOE $QJVW
KDOE6HOLJNHLWUDQQPLUGXUFKGDV%OXW,KUH/LSSHQZDUHQ
NDOWDEHULKU$WHPJOKWHPLFKDQXQGPLUZDUDOVVDXJWH
VLHPLUGLH6HHOHDXVGHP/HLEH9RUPHLQHQ$XJHQZXUGH
HV VFKZDU] GHU $WHP YHUJLQJ PLU LFK VXFKWH DQJVWYROO
PLFK ORV]XPDFKHQ DEHU LKU NKOHU ZHLFKHU 0XQG EOLHE
IHVW DXI PHLQHQ JHGUFNW ± LFK VWUHEWH GDQDFK PLFK GHU
8PVWULFNXQJ LKUHU $UPH ]X HQWZLQGHQ ± GLH ZHLFKHQ
6FKODQJHQ XPVFKQUWHQ PHLQHQ 1DFNHQ ZLH VWlKOHUQH
5HLIHQ XQG ZR ZDU GLH .UDIW PHLQHU $UPH JHEOLHEHQ"
:LHZHQQGDV0DUNLQLKQHQGXUFKMHQHQ.X‰DXIJH]HKUW
ZUGH VDQNHQ VLH NUDIWORV KHUDE GHU 7RGHVVFKZHL‰ WUDW
PLU DXI GLH 6WLUQH ZLH HLQ KDOERKQPlFKWLJHU DUPHU 6Q
GHU GHU GLH )ROWHU HUOHLGHW KLQJ LFK DQ GHP *LWWHU LFK
ZROOWH VFKUHLHQ XQG NHLQ 7RQ GXUFKEUDFK GHQ VR IHVW
YHUVFKORVVHQHQ 0XQG GLH *HGDQNHQ UDVWHQ PLU GXUFKV
+LUQ ZLH EHL HLQHP LQV WLHIH 0HHU 9HUVLQNHQGHQ QRFK
]ZHL $XJHQEOLFNH LQ GLHVHU 4XDO XQG HV ZDU XP PLFK
JHVFKHKHQ ± GD EUDFK HLQ 6FKDOO ZLH GDV .ODWVFKHQ HLQHU
3HLWVFKH LQ GLH JUDXHQKDIWH 6WLOOH KLQHLQ VRJOHLFK O|VWH
VLFK GHU 0XQG GUEHQ YRQ GHP PHLQLJHQ HLQ KHOOHV *H
OlFKWHU HUVFKROO ]ZLVFKHQ GHQ 6WlEHQ LFK YHUORU GLH %H
VLQQXQJXQGEUDFK]XVDPPHQ
$OVLFKZLHGHU]XPLUNDPVDKLFKPHLQHQ)UHXQGGHQ
'RNWRU QHEHQ PLU NQLHQ EHVFKlIWLJW PLU PLW LUJHQGHLQHU
(VVHQ] GLH HU DXV VHLQHU +DQGDSRWKHNH JHKROW 6WLUQ XQG
6FKOlIH ]X UHLEHQ 6HLQ :DJHQ VWDQG GLFKW GDEHL LQ GHU
$OOHH LFK EHJULII GD‰ LFK VHLQHP .XWVFKHU GLH (UO|VXQJ
YRQGHP*HVSHQVW]XYHUGDQNHQKDWWHGDGDV.QDOOHQGHU
3HLWVFKHHVYHUVFKHXFKWH
:DV 7HXIHO DOWHU )UHXQG KDVW GX KLHU GUDX‰HQ DP
)ULHGKRILQGHU*HLVWHUVWXQGH]XVXFKHQ"å ULHIGHU$U]WDOV
LFK PLFK HLQ ZHQLJ HUPXQWHUW KDWWH XQG YRQ LKP XQWHU
VWW]WGHP:DJHQ]XZDQNHQNRQQWH'X]LWWHUVWDQDOOHQ
*OLHGHUQGHLQH/LSSHEOXWHW±ZHQQGXJHJODXEWKDVWGD‰
HVHLQHSDVVHQGH1DFKNXUQDFK:LOGEDGVHLQP|FKWHKLHU
LP1DFKWWDXDXIGHUNDOWHQ(UGH]XVFKODIHQVRELVWGXLQ
HLQHPJUR‰HQ,UUWXPå
1LFKWXPGLH:HOWKlWWHLFKåVEHUV +HU] JHEUDFKW LKP
GHQZDKUHQ=XVDPPHQKDQJPLW]XWHLOHQ'HUIHXULJH:HLQ
KDEHPLFKQRFKVRVSlWXPKHUJHWULHEHQVDJWHLFKXQGVR
VHL LFK ]XOHW]W GRUW DP *LWWHU ZR LFK HLQHQ $XJHQEOLFN
KlWWH UDVWHQ ZROOHQ YRQ HLQHP 6FKZLQGHO EHUUDVFKW XQG
]X%RGHQJHZRUIHQZRUGHQ
'DV NODQJ QLFKW XQZDKUVFKHLQOLFK $XFK YHUILHO LFK
QDFKGHP PHLQ KLOIUHLFKHU )UHXQG PLFK LQ PHLQHP *DVW
KRIVEHWWH]XU5XKHJHEUDFKWVRIRUWLQHLQHQWLHIHQJHVXQ
GHQ6FKODIGHQQLHPDQGlQJVWOLFK]XEHZDFKHQEUDXFKWH
$OVLFKDPVSlWHQ0RUJHQDXIVWDQGGXUFKGHQ%HVXFKGHV
'RNWRUV HUPXQWHUW VFKLHQ MHGH 6SXU GHV XQKHLPOLFKHQ
1DFKWEHVXFKHVYHUVFKZXQGHQ
'HQQRFKZDULFKGXUFKDXVQLFKWVRWDSIHUZLHHVHLQHP
6ROGDWHQJH]LHPWHXQGZLH6LHPHLQJQlGLJHV)UlXOHLQHV
PLUJWLJVW]XJHWUDXWKDEHQ$OVGHU$EHQGNDP±GHQ7DJ
KDWWH LFK LQ EHNORPPHQHP %UWHQ DXI PHLQHP =LPPHU
]XJHEUDFKW ± VFKULHE LFK HLQ %LOOHWW DQ GHQ )UHXQG LFK
PVVH QRFK PLW GHP 1DFKW]XJH DEUHLVHQ $XFK MHW]W JH
VWDQG LFK GHQ ZDKUHQ *UXQG QLFKW HLQ (LQ $U]W ± HLQ
6NHSWLNHUYRQ %HUXI ± ZLH KlWWH LFK GHQNHQ N|QQHQ GD‰
HU PHLQHP %HULFKW *ODXEHQ JHVFKHQNW KlWWH" 0X‰ LFK
QLFKW IUFKWHQ GD‰ LFK VHOEVW ,KQHQ YHUHKUWH )UHXQGH
HQWZHGHU DOV HLQ VRQGHUEDUHU 6FKZlUPHU RGHU DOV HLQ
IDEXOLHUHQGHU 3KDQWDVW HUVFKHLQH GHU GLHVH *HVFKLFKWH
VLFKDXVGHQ)LQJHUQJHVRJHQXPVHLQ3IDQGQLFKWKHUJH
EHQ]XPVVHQ"³
:LU ZDUHQ DOOH YHUVWXPPW $XFK GDV )UlXOHLQ VFKZLHJ
HLQH :HLOH XQG VDK QDFK GHU =LPPHUGHFNH DQ GHU GHU
UXQGH/LFKWVFKHLQGHU/DPSHVSLHOWH(QGOLFKVDJWHVLH
Ä:HQQLFKHKUOLFKVHLQVROO±DEHULFKGDUI6LHQLFKWGD
GXUFKYHUVWLPPHQOLHEHU+HUU2EHUVW±,KUHJDQ]H6SXN
JHVFKLFKWH KDOWH LFK QXU IU HLQHQ VWDUNHQ XQJHZ|KQOLFK
KHOOHQXQG]XVDPPHQKlQJHQGHQ7UDXPGHQ6LHJHWUlXPW
KDEHQ'HU3RUWLHUGHV+RWHOVNDQQ ,KQHQQLFKWDOV=HXJH
GLHQHQGDHUJHVFKODIHQKDEHQVROODOV]XHUVWGLH)UDXXQG
GDQQ6LHVHOEVWGLH7UHSSHEHWUDWHQhEULJHQVZHQQZLUN
OLFK GHU :HLQ GLHV JDQ]H $EHQWHXHU LQ ,KUHP .RSIH JH
GLFKWHW KDEHQ VROOWH DXFK GLHVPDO ZlUH LP :HLQH :DKU
KHLWJHZHVHQ±,KU*HIKOIUGLHYHUODVVHQH*HOLHEWHXQG
GLH1HPHVLVGLH VLFK ,KQHQ GXUFK GLH HQWVHW]OLFKH 8PDU
PXQJGHV$OSVRIIHQEDUWKlWWH³
Ä,FK ZDU DXI GLHVH (UNOlUXQJ JHID‰W³ VDJWH GHU 2EHUVW
XQG VDK VWLOO YRU VLFK KLQ Ä$EHU ZDV VDJHQ 6LH ]X 7UlX
PHQ GLH LQ :LUNOLFKNHLW VLFKWEDUH 6SXUHQ ]XUFNODVVHQ"
$OV LFK DP 0RUJHQ DQ PHLQHQ 7LVFK WUDW ZDU GHU 6WUDX‰
YRQ5RVHQXQG-DVPLQDXVGHP*ODVHYHUVFKZXQGHQ$XI
GHP 6RID DEHU ODJ HLQ GUUHV 6WUlX‰FKHQ YHUEOLFKHQHU
,PPRUWHOOHQ³