Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Stahl-Informations-Zentrum
Stahl-Informations-Zentrum
2
(LQOHLWXQJ
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
%H]HLFKQXQJHQ
\
%H]HLFKQXQJHQEHLGHQ6FKUDXEHQ
G )6
3<87
6FK
G &6
3<87
G 6
3>CC=%7
G %G ,
G ,
"
/ R
E -
6S 6
V
H F
N &
"0
P 0
6FKUDXEHQ0XWWHUQ6FKHLEHQXQGGHUHQ$QZHQGXQJHQ
6FKUDXEHQ0XWWHUQ6FKHLEHQXQGGHUHQ$QZHQGXQJHQ
%LOG:LUNXQJVZHLVHHLQHU6FKUDXEH
6FKUDXEHQIRUPHQXQGDUWHQ
%HVFKUHLEXQJHLQHU6FKUDXEH
&
"&
"
%%'
6Bild 27+ %LOG0HWULVFKHV5HJHOJHZLQGHQDFK',17HLO
)
F+-'
G
3'
-)
4 / +
GP<96<973P
<%>?%8=3P8%?*F
Kopf Schaft Gewinde /
)%
%LOG%HVWDQGWHLOHHLQHU6FKUDXEH 3-/
,,0
'
G,
%
0%+ 6Bild 47
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
Ø>s
:
;
3>CC='
0%
<90F
k/2
6
76Bild 5b7+"
0"' <9
'%
FV Tafel 1
*
/
$F
FH
3
*
Bild 5 %F + F + F
%' RS RS
)
3 i G <9 G <9
3@C<AG
%LOG6FKUDXEHQXQGLKUH0DH %LOG9HUELQGXQJPLWHLQHU6HQNVFKUDXEH
6FKUDXEHQ0XWWHUQ6FKHLEHQXQGGHUHQ$QZHQGXQJHQ
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
Bild 11 % K/-
##
, ,$ Bild 13
!
%
',
+6"7, '+
% *
&
"'
# GPA :V+;+
+"K/
*
'
$F +:
";'
"')$F -,+
D
-
,0 K"6+J7
-
)# -%%
+3 ,
'
1
'
GQ=%8 +*
)#+
)-*'
%#,
"
$F'
, %,$
F% %
$
,$
%LOG9HUIRUPXQJGHU6FKUDXEHQXQGGHV/RFKUDQGHV
Last
Verformung
%LOG$XVZLUNXQJGHV/RFKVSLHOV A B C
6FKUDXEHQ0XWWHUQ6FKHLEHQXQGGHUHQ$QZHQGXQJHQ
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
< 9 8 A ?
' "'
/ * *
$ ")YGL
*
'
" /'
")$3 /'
")Y3
)Y3 4-
)'
0
< <9 8? >= A=
9 <@ >= <>= B=
8 9= <<= 8== <9=
A 99 <8= A?=
<A?
? 9A <?= @== <@?
@ 9> 9== C== 99=
> 8= 9A? <9== 9>=
B 8@ 8?? 9<== 8C=
D-
I-'
*-'
" 3
7DIHO9RUVSDQQNUlIWHXQG$Q]LHKPRPHQWHIU'UHKPRPHQWXQG'UHKLPSXOVYRUVSDQQYHUIDKUHQIU*DUQLWXUHQGHU
)HVWLJNHLWVNODVVHQDFK',17HLO
< 9 8 A ?
' "'
/
* *
$ ")YGL
'
"
/'
")$3 /'
*
")Y3
)Y3
4-
)'
0
< <9 ?= <== <9= @=
9 <@ <== 9?= 8?= <<=
8 9= <@= A?= @== <>?
A 99 <C= @?= C== 9<=
? 9A 99= B== <<== 9A=
@ 9> 9C= <9?= <@?= 89=
> 8= 8?= <@?= 99== 8C=
B 8@ ?<= 9B== 8B== ?@=
D-
I-'
*-'
7DIHO9RUVSDQQNUlIWHXQG$Q]LHKPRPHQWHIU'UHKPRPHQWXQG'UHKLPSXOVYRUVSDQQYHUIDKUHQIU*DUQLWXUHQGHU
)HVWLJNHLWVNODVVHQDFK',17HLO
$EPHVVXQJHQGHU6FKUDXEHQ0XWWHUQXQG6FKHLEHQ
$EPHVVXQJHQGHU6FKUDXEHQ0XWWHUQXQG6FKHLEHQ
1RUPXQJ
4 3
"
&
%
F '
' (
'
6
4
%
3<87
3 3
5 G%
3
F)
6 +<@GP<@
%
F
4 3
7%
*
% +
5 )
-
3
/(
'
"-3
1 %
3 3
3
%$F%
9==
3
4>=BC
8==
9==
3
4>=C=
A , 8==
339A=<A
BB
339A=89 B
3
4>=C<
339A=<>
3A8A <==
3A8?
3<9? 9
? , 8==
)
+
@ ,%,%
3@C<A6.7
3@C<@
<=C
3@C<? <=
3@C<> 8==
> ,$%,$%$
3>CCC
3@C<B
- '
" -
- '
" -
)B -
- . )
7DIHO$XVIKUXQJVIRUPHQIU6FKUDXEHQ0XWWHUQXQG6FKHLEHQQDFK',17HLO
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
%H]HLFKQXQJ M 12 M 16 M 20 M 22 M 24 M 27 M 30 M 36
*HZLQGHQHQQGXUFKPHVVHULQPP GE]ZG
6FKDIWGXUFKPHVVHUURKHU6FKUDXEHQLQPP GE]ZGV
6FKDIWGXUFKPHVVHUYRQ3DVFKUDXEHQLQPP GE]ZG
6FKDIWTXHUVFKQLWWURKHU6FKUDXEHQLQPPñ $6FKE]Z$
6FKDIWTXHUVFKQLWWYRQ3DVFKUDXEHQLQPPñ $6FKE]Z$
6SDQQXQJVTXHUVFKQLWWIUURKHXQG3DVFKUDXEHQPPñ $6SE]Z$V
Rohe Schrauben der Festigkeitsklasse 4.6, 5.6 nach DIN 7990
*HZLQGHOlQJH E
.RSIK|KHLQPP N
Paßschrauben der Festigkeitsklasse 5.6 nach DIN7968
*HZLQGHOlQJH E
.RSIK|KHLQPP N
Muttern nach DIN EN 24034 für Schrauben nach DIN 7990, DIN 7969 & 7968
0XWWHUK|KHPLQPP PLQPD[
6FKOVVHOZHLWHLQPP V
0DEHU(FNLQPP HPLQ
Runde Scheiben nach DIN 7989 für Schrauben nach DIN 7990, DIN 7969 & DIN 7968
/RFKGXUFKPHVVHUGHU6FKHLEHLQPP G
6FKHLEHQGXUFKPHVVHULQPP G
'LFNHGHU6FKHLEHLQPP
Rohe Schrauben der Festigkeitsklasse 8.8 nach DIN EN 24014
O#PP
*HZLQGHOlQJHELQPPIU/lQJHQ PPO#PP
O!PP
.RSIK|KHLQPP N
Rohe Schrauben der Festigkeitsklasse 8.8 nach DIN 24017
*HZLQGHOlQJH *HZLQGHJHKWELV]XP.RSI
.RSIK|KHLQPP N
Muttern nach DIN EN 24032 für Schrauben nach DIN 7990, DIN 7969, DIN 7968, DIN EN 24014 & DIN EN 24017
0XWWHUK|KHPLQPP PLQPD[
6FKOVVHOZHLWHLQPP V
0DEHU(FNLQPP HPLQ
Runde Scheiben nach DIN 125-1&125-2 für Schrauben nach DIN EN 24014 und DIN EN 24017
/RFKGXUFKPHVVHUGHU6FKHLEHLQPP G
6FKHLEHQGXUFKPHVVHULQPP G
'LFNHGHU6FKHLEHLQPP K
Rohe Schrauben der Festigkeitsklasse 10.9 nach DIN 6914
*HZLQGHOlQJHELQPP EE
EJLOWIUO#O¶EJLOWIUO!O¶ O¶
.RSIK|KHLQPP N
Paßschrauben der Festigkeitsklasse 10.9 nach DIN 7999
*HZLQGHOlQJHELQPP E
.RSIK|KHLQPP N
Muttern nach DIN 6915 für Schrauben nach DIN 6914 und DIN 7999
0XWWHUK|KHPLQPP PLQPD[
6FKOVVHOZHLWHLQPP V
0DEHU(FNLQPP HPLQ
Runde Scheiben nach DIN 6916 für Schrauben nach DIN 6914 und DIN 7999
/RFKGXUFKPHVVHUGHU6FKHLEHLQPP G
6FKHLEHQGXUFKPHVVHULQPP G
'LFNHGHU6FKHLEHLQPP K
7DIHO$EPHVVXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQ0XWWHUQXQG6FKHLEHQ
$EPHVVXQJHQGHU6FKUDXEHQ0XWWHUQXQG6FKHLEHQ
$EPHVVXQJHQ
Tafel 6 K &-
*'
%
3@C<A
3>CCC
)
3 1'
:
>CC=$F
3>C@B ;Tafel 7
&-Tafel 7
8= ? C -
8? <= <A @ <= -
A= <? <C << <? B <9 @ <= -
A? 9= 9A <@ 9= <8 <> << <? C <8
?= 9? 9C 9< 9? <B 99 <@ 9= <A <B
?? 9= 8A 9@ 8= 98 9> 9< 9? <C 98
@= 8? 8C 8< 8? 9B 89 9@ 8= 9A 9B 9< 9?
@? A= AA 8@ A= 88 8> 8< 8? 9C 88 9@ 8=
>= A? AC A< A? 8B A9 8@ A= 8A 8B 8< 8? 9C 88
>? ?= ?A A@ ?= A8 A> A< A? 8C A8 8@ A= 8A 8B
B= ?? ?C ?< ?? AB ?9 A@ ?= AA AB A< A? 8C A8
B? @= @A ?@ @= ?8 ?> ?< ?? AC ?8 A@ ?= AA AB
C= @? @C @< @? ?B @9 ?@ @= ?A ?B ?< ?? AC ?8
C? >= >A @@ >= @8 @> @< @? ?C @8 ?@ @= ?A ?B
<== >? >C >< >? @B >9 @@ >= @A @B @< @? ?C @8
<=? B= BA >@ B= >8 >> >< >? @C >8 @@ >= @A @B
<<= B? BC B< B? >B B9 >@ B= >A >B >< >? @C >8
<<? C= CA B@ C= B8 B> B< B? >C B8 >@ B= >A >B
<9= C? CC C< C? BB C9 B@ C= BA BB B< B? >C B8
<9? C@ <== C8 C> C< C? BC C8 B@ C= BA BB
<8= <=< <=? CB <=9 C@ <== CA CB C< C? BC C8
<8? <=@ <<= <=8 <=> <=< <=? CC <=8 C@ <== CA CB
<A= <<< <<? <=B <<9 <=@ <<= <=A <=B <=< <=? CC <=8
<A? <<@ <9= <<8 <<> <<< <<? <=C <<8 <=@ <<= <=A <=B
<?= <9< <9? <<B <99 <<@ <9= <<A <<B <<< <<? <=C <<8
<?? <9@ <8= <98 <9> <9< <9? <<C <98 <<@ <9= <<A <<B
<@= <8< <8? <9B <89 <9@ <8= <9A <9B <9< <9? <<C <98
<@? <88 <8> <8< <8? <9C <88 <9@ <8= <9A <9B
<>= <8B <A9 <8@ <A= <8A <8B <8< <8? <9C <88
<>? <A8 <A> <A< <A? <8C <A8 <8@ <A= <8A <8B
<B= <AB <?9 <A@ <?= <AA <AB <A< <A? <8C <A8
<B? <?< <?? <AC <?8 <A@ <?= <AA <AB
<C= <?@ <@= <?A <?B <?< <?? <AC <?8
<C? <@< <@? <?C <@8 <?@ <@= <?A <?B
9== <@@ <>= <@A <@B <@< <@? <?C <@8
3>CC=
$F
3>C@B
7DIHO.OHPPOlQJHQQDFK',1XQG',1IU6FKUDXEHQGHU)HVWLJNHLWVNODVVHXQG
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
* " *
+D
/
!
+
+
,0$ *"
*- ,
7DIHO6LQQELOGHUIU/|FKHUXQG6FKUDXEHQQDFK',1,627HLO$XVJ
6FKUDXEHQYHUELQGXQJHQ
6FKUDXEHQYHUELQGXQJHQ
/I /I
1,0
0,8
0,75
0,6
0,4
0,2
Lj
0 15 d 65 d
FSd FSd
Lj Lj
FSd FSd
Lj
%LOG/DVWYHUWHLOXQJDXIGLH6FKUDXEHQ %LOG$EPLQGHUXQJGHU6FKUDXEHQWUDJODVWQDFK(&
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
Bild 16 N
0H9%
,-%
'9
9 H$6"N7
0
9
0/ -F
(
( G%G
$ 6'
95 '
9 %9 A 9
.Bild 3G)
G&!
$3
6
4BCB7
,
"
v2
--F'
he
v1 M
vR x
6FKUDXEHQYHUELQGXQJHQ
7DIHO :HUWHIUGLH6SDQQXQJVHUPLWWOXQJLQ:LQNHOQ
',0
%H 3F*
'+,0 # -
-
"H ! F6F7
,
T
+"
)3
N
$P$ $ %
$ %DXOLFKH'XUFKELOGXQJ
N)F
F:/FN; + %
+" /"<
% %F
/"' 1%'
-F'"" * 0F0
,
6'Bild 87$ -0F*
*G
%
0F
,#
(
F
""D
+!F , %3
-& F'+
3
N%
H -%-)
-%
3<BB==9 -
"")-$Bild 17 & +
"+
*
0FH%
'
F3 ( 3$F%
$ F-%
)
F-3%$F
$
' @
*- 0 H'
R<=S%R<<S%R<9S ! +"0F
%Tafel 9
J8 -
-3'
3*
-
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
&- /-
3J81- $
*
"" -'
*-
-F
F%)-
. &
'
-* " *
-
3<BB== J8
, ,$ %
%$ F' 24
&
20 konstruktiv
*+
16 gut
t in mm
'.F
8
4 möglich
-F% 0
0F0 '%
10 12 16 20 22 24 27 33
' *-% t = kleinste zu verbindende Materialdicke
e2 Kraftrichtung
e3
e2
e1 e
7DIHO=XOlVVLJH6FKUDXEHQDEVWlQGHQDFK',17HLO
6FKUDXEHQYHUELQGXQJHQ
/- ,
-
&
&H <%9G
&
&S 9%9G
/ / ,
/
<%9G
9%AG
&H &S
)
' +-(
0F
& ( 0F
&S S S#6<AWT9==7
/
H H#A=VAW ,
+-(
H H )-( S -F/(S#6<AT9==7
H H##6<9WT<?=7 /(S#69BTA==7
%HL%DXWHLOHQGLHQLFKWGHU:LWWHUXQJRGHUNRUURVLYHQ(LQIOVVHQDXVJHVHW]WVLQGGUIHQGLHDQJHJHEHQHQ:HUWHXPYHUJU|HUWZHUGHQ
d0
e2 Kraftrichtung
p2
e2
e1 p1
7DIHO6FKUDXEHQDEVWlQGHQDFK',19(197HLO
)! "
$
+
F
"! F6Z7+
F
" Bild 19
F1*
3
* (
QXPQ6<V=%8 7 06Bild 207
3
3<BB==)'
@%
"F-'
n (z =2)
"
n n n
"
"
"
" z= 2
%LOG$QRUGQXQJYRQ6FKUDXEHQLQ:DO]SURILOHQ
Zwischenlagen
:XU]HOPDH
!"
D
*0*F %LOG(UK|KXQJGHU$Q]DKOGHU9HUELQGXQJVPLWWHOEHL
$-F" PLWWHOEDUHU6WRGHFNXQJ
-,-
+ 3
*%%
0
"'
-
'
% '
%
*F &
+*
,
% /
-'
'
*F
-*F "
!.
)
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
%HPHVVXQJ
1RUPHQ * ,
-7
)) 1- -
+ Tafeln 14 19 !Kapitel 7
1+ '
+"+'
3<BB==1<A6<<C=7 ' %
3<BB==1<
33<CC8
"
1< <
0
-*
"-/
8:; '
/
3
3<BB==6=8B<7
"
3<BB== %F3
<L*<:%+&
"
%M*<Y6=9C@7K )
%F
3<BB== %
6<<C=7
3<BB==6=8B<7 31
+
33<CC81< <6=AC87 !+1
:+&
'
; (
6,
'
K3* 7 !0F61
-7
" ")
6
'
' # <
5
!3
#
Tafel 12 K %F+"6
3<BB==1<+ +"5
,6 ,
7 +6
#
67%. T7
% !6
#7"
G$F' 1
&
+ ,$$
6,7+
Tafel 13
3 !0F
3<CC81< < !
+ + !0F'
+"61-'
1
=%8Q G#9%=
, ,
7DIHO$XVIKUXQJVIRUPHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQYHUELQGXQJHQQDFK',17HLO
%HPHVVXQJ
#) .
'
"T
)
+ ) #)
1 ) #) .
'
"T
J
) #) 1
*"
7DIHO(LQWHLOXQJYRQ6FKUDXEHQYHUELQGXQJHQQDFK',19(197HLO
7\SLVLHUWH$QVFKOVVHLP6WDKO
EDX
%
a) Gelenkige Winkelanschlüsse
*F
6*71D"
*
1D"-F
,
!
+'
1
-'
%
1'I
c) Momententragfähige Stirnplattenanschlüsse
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
( 9
'
$ I L
$ I L
10.9 0
*
*3
* *4
* ..0
. .10
2 22
/ 1
4
4.6 *1
24 2/
. 2
/ 00
** 33
. *
* *..
/ *31
2
10.9 22
3. 0.
1 41
*.*
. */*
. *12
0 ../
/ 2.0
1
4.6 .1
40 /4
. 3
3 4
0 *3
* *2/
2 *0/
3 .2/
0
'
20
. 0*
4 4/
/0 **2
2 *22
4 *03
4 .
1 .42
.
5.6
'
56
7 8.8 3
4. 44
**
* *1*
2 .*/
. .01
3 2.4
/ /04
.
10.9 00
23 **2
*32
. .3
3 ./
/ 23
4 233
/ 23
0
7DIHO*UHQ]DEVFKHUNUlIWHMH6FKUDXEHXQG6FKHUIXJHLQN1QDFK',17HLO
$
I L 6<%< 7
1 '
DIN 18800 $ I L 6<%9? 7
P<%<
'
,
M 12 M 16 M 20 M 22 M 24 M 27 M 30 M 36
4.6 ..
/2 24
11 0.
2* 3
/ 14
32 **2
0 */
. .*
4
'
5.6 .1
/ /4
1 33
14 4/
. **.
. */.
*3
2 ..
/
4.6 ./
. /
. 01
3 1.
/* 43
20 *..
* */4
3 .*2
2
6
5.6 2
0 0
.1 1
13 *2
*.*
3 *.
3 *13
* .00
3
8.8 /4
4*
2 */.
*30
2 .
/ .03
* 2.0
/ /3
2
'
10.9 0*
2* **/
. *31
. ..
/ .0
3 222
1 /1
4/
.
7DIHO*UHQ]]XJNUlIWHMH6FKUDXEHLQN1QDFK',17HLO
9 '
W G
I L
DIN 18800
P<%<
)%/&FH $<%9G(
P6=%>8H LG =%9T9%=7 H P<%9GH P9%AG
dL
Kraftrichtung
)/ L
,
-N &<%9GQH Q<%?G 9%AGQH Q
e1 e 8%=G"
7DIHO*UHQ]ORFKOHLEXQJVNUlIWHLQN1QDFK',17HLO
%HPHVVXQJ
10.9 /
.4 40
* *
1 *1.
.*3
* .3/
1 224
2 /11
0
4.6 *0
*4 2
*/ /3
/ 1
*1 03
31 11
*2 *3
3 *0
4
10.9 22
3. 0.
1 41
*.*
. */*
. *12
0 ../
/ 2.0
1
4.6 .
/1 /2
1 00
34
33 4/
. **1
. *//
4 .0
/
'
2*
10 /
/1 12
*2 44
3* **3
1 */3
1 *1*
* .1
*
5.6
'
56
7 8.8
43 13
*0 *22
*4
*11
.20
/ .14
1 /*.
4
10.9 02
3* *4
*00
2 *44
/ .2
0 .4
0 20.
2 *0
*
7DIHO*UHQ]DEVFKHUNUlIWHMH6FKUDXEHXQG6FKHUIXJHLQN1QDFK',19(197HLO
5.6 2
2 0
. 11
. *4
* *.3
* *0
. ..
.4/
*
8.8 /1
0 4
/2 */*
* *3/
.2
2 .0/
/ 2.2
* /3
0
10.9 0
3 **2
*30
/ .*1
. ./
. 22
/2
4 11
.
7DIHO*UHQ]]XJNUlIWHMH6FKUDXEHLQN1QDFK',19(197HLO
) ' 9%? W G I L
DIN V ENV 1993
P<%9?
)%/
,
&F6H
d0
$<%9GS$<%9G7(
Kraftrichtung
H S < I
' T T T < H $<%?GS$8%=G
e2
8 G 8 G A I
&
p2
e2
)/ L
,
-N &H P<%9G SP9%AG)
e1 p 1 9L8!
)<%9GQH Q<%?G 9%AGQSQ8%=G"
7DIHO*UHQ]ORFKOHLEXQJVNUlIWHLQN1QDFK',19(197HLO
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
1RUPHQ
3<8
3<><<< &
%-
3A=> 3% %3
,
3<BB==1< T+
3A8ALA8? %'%0 &
I 1-
1-
3<BB==1> *
3@C<AL@C<? .N
F%.
339=BCB
'
3@C<@L@C<>L@C<B .
339A=<A
339A=<>
3>C@B $F &
"
3>C@C
339A=89 %1D"<
3>CBC
339A=8A
3>CC=
33<CC81< <
8(+
&
'
%
3>CCC "F%
% 1< <(*+%
F
+.
6FKULIWWXP
R<S .
%/(+* '
D" RCS %=%0%&( *
%@=6<CC<7% '
"
98? 98C +*%&0%1<%.<B%
R9S 4%4T.
%. $(+ <C?AT1
%.99%<C?CT1
%.9A%
"
&
<C@9T1
%.9?%<C@C
% .%8*% R<=S %=(
&0<CC> *
+.%+
R8S
3( )'
9@%<C@@
*% R<<S %( )'
+%+%<CB< .
RAS 1D"*
% '.*1
.%
9=== &0%F
R?S "%.(
3
'
%)
%
3 ' .%<C>@
?B6<C>C7%3C% R<9S %(/%
??> ?@< 19+."
R@S !D%&( +
! * %.
I'-&
* <C>A
%/!1.*%% R<8S )%5!%%5.*(
<CC> J
+
/'5
R>S (1 5!DE
%3Z
%D%
%" %+%.% ,
%1
<C>A
3Z
%<A*%<CB<
RBS 3%)('
+3
%,
%I'-%<CB=
%HUHFKQXQJVEHLVSLHOH
%HUHFKQXQJVEHLVSLHOH
.( %I3
++ 0
3 :'
3<BB==
33<CC8
;*3
/
%+3+
+"
%F+ '
-
3
) )!"
J8
%HLVSLHO6/9HUELQGXQJ=XJVWDE
+<@=#<9%98?68>7
N-*P<C%9
II I
*F?9A
3>CC= A@
,
P9?%
N9A(
40 40 40 40
t = 12mm
Fd
*PA?9PA%?9
160
*F(
50 80 66
200
100
0
Verlauf der rechnerischen Zugkraft
6FKUDXEHQDXI$EVFKHUHQ 6FKUDXEHQDXI$EVFKHUHQ
6B=A%A=B%>9=7 61@?87
G(
<
)P [8A?P@C3
?
( (
#P=%@6)A@7 P=%@6)A@7
A= * A%?9
#P*[ #[ PA%?9[=%@[ PCB%@3 )P[[ P=%@[A=[ PB@%B3
<%< <%9?
3(
)L)#P@CLB@%BP=%>CQ<%=
/DVFKHDXI/RFKOHLEXQJ /DVFKHDXI/RFKOHLEXQJ
6B=?%?<87 6*@?<1@?87
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
/ ,
N &( / ,
N &(
PA=W<%?[ P8>%?6*7 PA=W<%?[
P8>%?6*7
PB=W8%=[ P>?6*7 "PB=W8%=[
P>?6*7
9A <
$ P<%9[9%A[9%@C[ P9%?[=%@8[8@[9%A[<%9[
<%< <%9?
P<@C%=3WCB%@3P# P<8=%@3WB@%B3P)
9A
$ P<%9[9%A[9%=B[
<%<
P<8=%>3WCB%@3P#
/DVFKHDXI=XJ /DVFKHDXI=XJ
6>A97
)F+
N(
* @ <@%= @ <%9 @ 98%?
3 P
<%<
'
3 PA<=%93
3(
3L3P8A?LA<=%9P=%BAQ<%=
%HUHFKQXQJVEHLVSLHOH
/F
( /F
(6+3
N7
* @
*
P6<@%= 9%?7[<%9P<8%?[<%9P<@%9 3& P=%C[
*%
L*
P<C%9L<@%9P<%<CQ<%9%
3
,
-6
6<C%9 & <%9 @ 9%?7 @ 8@
>A9%+69>77 3& P=%C[
<%9?
P8A?L<C%9P<>%C>3L
P L P9AL<%<P9<%B93L PA<C%C3
3( 3(
L P<>%C>L9<%B9P=%B9Q<%= 3L3&P8A?LA<C%CP=%B9Q<%=
/F
( /F
(
6<C%9 & 9 @ <%9 @ 9%?7 @ 8@
*
P<8%9 3& P=%C[
*%
L*
P<C%9L<8%9P<%A?W<%9 <%9?
P8A9%<3
,0
6 7%
<
3 3 P8A? [8A?
!
6>A9% ?
69B77 P9>@3
3 P*
[L6<%9?[ 7
P<8%9[8@L6<%9?[<%<7P8A?%@3
<
3 P8A? [8A?P9>@%=3
?
3( 3(
3L3P9>@L8A?%@P=%B=Q<%= 3L3&P9>@L8A9%<P=%B<Q<%=
/F
3 P9[B@%AV9[<=A%?P8B<%B3
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
%HLVSLHO6/39HUELQGXQJ=XJVWDE
%,>=#>(
70
40 30
a) b) L 70 x 7 Fd
50 80 I
19,7
130
7
19,7 20,3
98?68>7
40 30
,>=#>%8>%*PC%A\ 70
/NP9<(
*&PC%A 6=%>@9%<7P>%C8\ *F(
*F(99= +
3>C@B A@$F )P<<>3
6FKUDXEHQDXI$EVFKHUHQ 6FKUDXEHQDXI$EVFKHUHQ
6B=A%A=B%>9=7 61@?87
G(
<
)P @<<>P?B%?3
9
( (
#P=%@6)A@7 P=%@6)A@7
A=
#P8%A@@=%@[ P>?%?3 )P=%@@A=@8%A@@ P@@%A3
<%< <%9?
3(
) ?B%?
P P=%BBQ<
) @@%A
/[DXI/RFKOHLEXQJ /[DXI/RFKOHLEXQJ
9< 9<
<%9@ QQ<%?@ <%9@QQ<%?@
)'
"
/
%HUHFKQXQJVEHLVSLHOH
,
F
6*$F("'P9<9=7
)7(
/&(
B=
PB=% P W8%?6
7
9<
08%? /
P<%9@ (
P=%>9@ =%?<P=%>9@8%? =%?<P9%=
$
+
"
P<%A8@ PB=(
$P9%>B
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
W9#P>?%?3
)*F
/[DXI=XJ /[DXI=XJ
*%
PC%A\ +
N(
C%A @ 98%?
,
-( *P=%>@9%<P<%A>\ 3P P9==%B3W3P<<>3
<%<
*
PC%A <%A>P>%C8\ 3
N(
/
F3<CC8 < <*
* @?98"PB=P8%B<[
C%A
P P<%<CQ<%9
* >%C8 6 F P=%??>6
"
7
3( 3(
3 <<> 3 <<>
P P=%?>Q< P P=%C9Q<
3 9=?%< 3 <9>%9
%HUHFKQXQJVEHLVSLHOH
%HLVSLHO=XJVWDEDQVFKOXRKQH9RUVSDQQXQJ
*F(B99
3@C<A <=C
"-F
"
)P<89>%?3
%HDQVSUXFKEDUNHLWGHU6FKUDXEHQDXI=XJ %HDQVSUXFKEDUNHLWGHU6FKUDXEHQDXI=XJ
< <
3PR * [ T * [ S )(P=%C[[*[ P=%C[<==[8%=8[
<%< [
<%9? [
<%9?
C= )(P9<B%93
8%B= ' 9B8 3
<%< [ <%<
3P
<==
8%=8 ' 99= 3
<%9? [ <%<
3( 3(
3 <@@ ) <@@
P P=%>?Q<%= P P=%>@Q<%=
3 99= ) 9<B
%HLVSLHO$QVFKOXPLW=XJXQG4XHUNUDIW
*F(
@9A
3>CCC <=CT$
6$F7
$PBA=3
)'PBA=3T)PBA=3
6FKUDXEHQDXI$EVFKHUHQ 6FKUDXEHQDXI$EVFKHUHQ
$QZHQGXQJHQYRQ6FKUDXEHQLP6WDKOEDX
%HDQVSUXFKEDUNHLWGHU6FKUDXEHQDXI=XJ %HDQVSUXFKEDUNHLWGHU6FKUDXEHQDXI=XJ
( (
3PR * [ T * [ S )( P*[=%C[
<%< [
<%9? [
C= <==
A%C< ' 8@?%9 3 P8%?8[=%C[
<%< [ <%< <%9?
3P
<==
8%?8 ' 9?@%> 3
<%9? [ <%< P9?A%93
3( 3(
3 <A= ) <A=
P P=%??Q<%= P P=%??Q<%=
3 9?@%> ) 9?A%9
3
) )
V Q<%= V Q<%=
3
) <%A [ )
3 <A= <==
P P=%8B )(P*[=%C[ PA%C<[=%C[ P8?A3
3 8@?%9
<%9?
3( 3(
<A= <A=
=%8BV=%?>P=%<?V=%89P=%A>Q<%= V P=%@=V=%9BP=%BBQ<%=
98?%> <%A [ 8?A
%HUHFKQXQJVEHLVSLHOH
%HLVSLHO%LHJHVWHLIHU6WLUQSODWWHQDQVFKOX
*F(A9=
3@C<A <=C
"-F
"
6FKUDXEHQDXI$EVFKHUHQ 6FKUDXEHQDXI$EVFKHUHQ
3( 3(
<?= ) <?=
P P=%C?Q<%= P P=%CC
<?>%< ) <?=%B
%HDQVSUXFKEDUNHLWGHU6FKUDXEHQDXI=XJ %HDQVSUXFKEDUNHLWGHU6FKUDXEHQDXI=XJ
Stahl-Informations-Zentrum
im Stahl-Zentrum
Postfach 10 48 42 · 40039 Düsseldorf
Sohnstraße 65 · 40237 Düsseldorf
E-Mail: siz@stahl-info.de · www.stahl-info.de