Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE
2. Eukaryotes: Eukaryotic cells are cells that have a nucleus. They are more
complex in structure compared to prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotes include
organisms from various kingdoms such as plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
STOFFWECHSEL
Stoffwechsel ist ein lebenswichtiger Prozess, der die chemische Umwandlung
biologischer Substanzen innerhalb von Organismen umfasst. Alle Organismen,
unabhängig von ihrer Komplexität, müssen Nahrung aufnehmen, sie durch
Verdauung abbauen und Abfallstoffe ausscheiden.
Organismen können anhand ihres Stoffwechsels klassifiziert
werden, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Art und Weise, wie sie
Kohlenstoff und Energie gewinnen:
1. Organism obtains carbon from carbon dioxide and captures energy from
sunlight:
- Photosynthesis
- Chlorophyll
- Plants, algae, some bacteria
2. Organism obtains carbon from organic compounds and derives energy from
the chemical breakdown of organic molecules through cellular respiration:
- Heterotrophy
- Cellular respiration
- Animals, fungi, many bacteria
3. Organism obtains carbon from organic compounds and captures energy from
sunlight:
- Mixotrophy
- Combination of heterotrophy and photosynthesis
- Some protists
4. Organism obtains carbon from inorganic sources like carbon dioxide and
derives energy from chemical reactions involving inorganic compounds, often in
extreme environments:
- Chemosynthesis
- Inorganic sources
- Bacteria, archaea
- Extreme environments
Bewegung (Movement): (Fitness, Nahrung finden, Fortpflanzung,Schutz)
Movement is crucial for organisms as it serves various purposes, including
fitness, finding food, reproduction, and protection.