ქართული ენა და ლიტერატურა -Xii

Tamaz vasaZe
nugzar muzaSvili
nikoloz CubiniZe
qarTuli 12
moswavlis wigni
kiTxva
I Tavi
1
Tamaz vasaZe, nugzar muzaSvili, nikoloz CubiniZe
qarTuli
XII klasi
moswavlis wigni
rekomendebulia erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris mier.

saxelmZRvanelom warmatebiT gaiara pilotireba saqarTvelos skolebSi.
redaqtorebi
lali baqraZe
solomon nozaZe
garekanis dizaini
sofo kirTaZe
dizaini da dakabadoneba
fati gagulia
garekanze gamoyenebulia mixeil javaxiSvilis avtobiografiis xelnaweri, romelic

inaxeba giorgi leoniZis saxelobis qarTuli literaturis muzeumSi.
saxelmZRvanelos gasaformeblad gamoyenebulia breigelis, goias, rodenis, vereS-

Caginis, olbinskis, irakli ToiZis, sofo kirTaZis da levan muzaSvilis namuSevrebi.
© gamomcemloba `diogene~, 2008

yvela ufleba daculia
kiTxva
ISBN 978-9941-11-031-3
I Tavi
gamomcemloba `diogene~,
Tbilisi, kekeliZis q. 6,
telefoni 956394, tel./faqsi 967971
2 www.diogene.ge
damxmare masala pedagogTaTvis
• ra principebi daedo safuZvlad XII klasis qarTulis saxelmZRvanelos?

• ra funqcia aqvs da rogor unda gamoviyenoT wignSi ganTavsebuli TiToeuli ru-
brika?
• ratom iwyeba damamTavrebeli klasis saxelmZRvanelo kiTxvis procesisadmi miZRv-
nili TaviT?
• rogor gaiazron da praqtikulad rogor gamoiyenon moswavleebma rezo yaralaSvi-
lis gamokvleva, romelSic ganxilulia literaturuli nawarmoebis recefciasTan
dakavSirebuli sakmaod rTuli sakiTxebi?
• ratom vTavazobT moswavleebs gasaanalizeblad qarTveli da ucxoeli avtorebis
eseebs?
• saerTod, ratom gaizarda ucxoeli avtorebis xvedriTi wili saxelmZRvaneloSi?
• ra principiTaa erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli iseTi gansxvavebuli stilisa da mso-
flgancdis avtorebis teqstebi, rogorebic arian, vTqvaT, oTar CxeiZe da zurab
kakabaZe, franc kafka da xalil jibrani, akaki baqraZe da vaxtang kotetiSvili?
• ra niSnebi axasiaTebs dRevandel kulturul garemos da rogor aisaxeba igi Tana-
medrove qarTul mwerlobaSi?
ai, arasruli CamonaTvali im kiTxvebisa, romelTa amomwurav pasuxebsac `literaturul
komentarebSi~ ipoviT. wignSi detalurad da sxvadasxva kuTxidanaa gaanalizebuli is prob-
lemebi da ideebi, romlebic saxelmZRvaneloSi warmodgenil avtorTa teqstebSia mocemuli.
`literaturuli komentarebi~ safuZvlian daxmarebas gauwevs XII klasis qarTuli enisa
da literaturis maswavleblebs.
qarTvel mweralTa
komikuri da
tragikomikuri
moTxrobebi
sakiTxavi
ufrosklaselTaTvis
Tu literaturis daniSnuleba adamianebisTvis inteleqtualuri sixarulis da siam-

ovnebis miniWebac aris, maSin es, upirveles yovlisa, komikur Tu tragikomikur lit-
eraturul nawarmoebebze iTqmis. aseTi nawarmoebebi saSualebas gvaZleven ferebis da
elferebis uCveulo siuxviT aRviqvaT sinamdvile. komikuri da tragikomikuri mxatvruli
xedva aRmogvaCeninebs adamianTa cxovrebis metad mniSvnelovan, arsebiT mxareebs da wax-
nagebs, mis gareSe Cveni warmodgena samyaroze bevrad ufro primitiuli, bevrad ufro
uRimRamo iqneboda.
krebulSi gaerTianebuli moTxrobebi meti sisavsiT daanaxeben mkiTxvels, miTumetes
axalgazrda mkiTxvels, qarTveli mwerlebis mkveTr da erTmaneTisgan Zalze gansxvavebul
SemoqmedebiT individualobebs, Cveni literaturis mravalsaxovnebas, simdidres.
krebulSi warmodgenilia vaJa-fSavelas `kniazi fSataZe~, daviT kldiaSvilis `kekeliZis
gansacdeli~ da `rostom manveliZe~, niko lorTqifaniZis `qaRaldis kaci~ da `feodale-
bi~, mixeil javaxiSvilis `dampatiJe~, guram rCeuliSvilis `kide kargi~ da `siqstis madona
moskovSi~, nodar dumbaZis `nu gaaRviZeb~, guram doCanaSvilis `dimitri maRali kacia~ da
`gamsvleli paiki~, jemal qarCxaZis `gube~, nodar wuleiskiris `cicerona~, rezo WeiSvi-
lis `novela saludeSi~ da `sagazafxulo Canaxati~, jemal TofuriZis `Tedos ocneba~.
krebulis Semdgenelia Tamaz vasaZe.
Sinaarsi
I nawili
nugzar muzaSvili, nikoloz CubiniZe

winaTqma ................................................................................................................................................................ 8
I Tavi _ kiTxva .......................................................................................................................................... 9
irakli lomouri _ SemTxveva .................................................................................................................... 11
leonid andreevi _ ben-toviti ................................................................................................................ 16
oTar CxeiZe _ mkiTxveli ............................................................................................................................. 20
rogor vweroT ese ......................................................................................................................................... 28
revaz yaralaSvili _ mxatvruli nawarmoebis aRqma ........................................................................ 32
prezentaciis Sesaxeb .................................................................................................................................... 44
zurab kakabaZe _ aris mkiTxveli... ............................................................................................................ 47
saTauris poetika ........................................................................................................................................... 52
jemal qarCxaZe _ rahaT-luxumi ............................................................................................................... 55
guram gegeSiZe, merab mamardaSvili, gao sinjieni _ fiqrebi literaturaze ...................... 70
herman hese _ msoflio literaturis biblioTeka .......................................................................... 72
proeqtis Sesaxeb ............................................................................................................................................ 76
II Tavi _ `banaluri kiTxvebi~ ......................................................................................................... 77

dimitri uznaZe _ cxovrebis azri ....................................................................................................... 79
vaJa-fSavela _ ram Semqmna adamianad ................................................................................................. 82
besik xaranauli _ xeebi .......................................................................................................................... 84
franc kafka _ werili mamas ................................................................................................................... 89
jibran xalil jibrani _ Svilebi ......................................................................................................... 95
bel kaufmani _ werili Cems gansvenebul maswavlebels ............................................................... 98
jerom devid selinjeri _ TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi ............................................................................. 104
III Tavi _ qali da mamakaci .............................................................................................................. 127

aron gureviCi _ erosi da kultura .................................................................................................. 129
Tamaz natroSvili _ mdinareni ver warRvnian ............................................................................... 140
fransua viioni _ orkeci balada ....................................................................................................... 147
andre morua _ werilebi ucnob qals ................................................................................................ 151
tariel Wanturia _ Sen unda cisfer RrubelTan iwve ................................................................ 158
kiTxva
goderZi Coxeli _ cxra SekiTxva siyvarulis Sesaxeb ................................................................. 160

revaz inaniSvili _ sami novela .......................................................................................................... 166
ernest heminguei _ TeTri spiloebis msgavsi mTebi ..................................................................... 177
I Tavi
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IV Tavi _ stumari ................................................................................................................................. 185
geronti qiqoZe _ sikvdilis SiSi .......................................................................................................... 187
lev tolstoi _ ivan iliCis sikvdili ................................................................................................ 194
miSel de monteni _ orTabrZola ........................................................................................................... 222
xalil jibrani _ sikvdili ....................................................................................................................... 224
vaJa fSavela _ mogoneba ............................................................................................................................ 228
galaktion tabiZe _ mesaflave ................................................................................................................ 230
V Tavi _ arCevani ................................................................................................................................. 239

akaki baqraZe _ fxizeli gonebis Zala ................................................................................................. 241
vaxtang kotetiSvili _ aziisaken .......................................................................................................... 249
oqtav mirbo _ muqTamWamelebi ............................................................................................................... 254
niko lorTqifaniZe _ Tavsafriani dedakaci .................................................................................... 258
Tamaz natroSvili _ rom momavali Cvenia... ........................................................................................ 268
guram asaTiani _ I dialogi ........................................................................................................................ 275
nugzar SataiZe _ kapiki gakapikebula, anu evropaSi ra mindoda ............................................. 288
VI Tavi _ WeSmaritebis Sesaxeb .................................................................................................... 323

vudi aleni _ mivmarTav skoladamTavrebulebs ............................................................................... 327
laSa imedaSvili _ mwerlobis imitacia: saeWvo biografiis kaci ................................................ 331
mixail bulgakovi _ ostati da margarita ......................................................................................... 356
II nawili
Tamaz vasaZe
istoriis gzis xedebi ...................................................................................................................... 387
konstantine gamsaxurdia _ didostatis marjvena ..................................................................... 388
niko lorTqifaniZe _ mrisxane batoni ............................................................................................. 404
oTar WilaZe _ yovelman Cemman mpovnelman ................................................................................... 414
daviT kldiaSvili _ samaniSvilis dedinacvali ........................................................................... 431
Wabua amirejibi _ daTa TuTaSxia ...................................................................................................... 476
mixeil javaxiSvili _ jayos xiznebi ................................................................................................ 484
oTar CxeiZe _ boriayi ............................................................................................................................ 500
kiTxva
rezo WeiSvili _ biWikos avadmyofobis istoria ........................................................................... 508

jemal qarCxaZe _ biZaCemi iona ........................................................................................................... 519
I Tavi
danarTebi .............................................................................................................................................. 543
6
nugzar muzaSvili
nikoloz CubiniZe
I nawili
kiTxva
I Tavi
7
winaTqma
adamianuri moRvaweobis sxva sferoebisgan gansxvavebiT, mxatvrul Semoqmedebas erTi

gamorCeuli Tviseba aqvs: igi erTdroulad esTetikur siamovnebasac gvaniWebs da azrov-
nebiskenac gvibiZgebs. aseTi buneba aqvs literaturas, mxatvrobas, musikas, qandakebas...
Tumca, albaT Tqvenc SegimCneviaT, rom sasiamovnosa da sasargeblos aseT sinTezs, xelov-
nebis tradiciuli dargebidan, yvelaze srulyofilad mainc literatura aRwevs. moqan-
dakis, mxatvris an kompozitorisagan gansxvavebiT mwerals SeuZlia erTdroulad yvelaze
metad agvaRelvos da dagvafiqros kidec. amis mizezi is gaxlavT, rom mwerali CvenTvis
yvelaze ufro nacnobi da gasagebi `masaliT~, sityviT muSaobs. amave dros, sityvebiT Seq-
mnili mxatvruli realoba zogjer SeiZleba sakmaod Rrma aRmoCndes...
wels am siRrmeebis ukeT wvdomis anu ufro daxvewili siamovnebis miRebisa da ufro seri-
ozuli azrovnebis xelovnebis aTviseba unda gaagrZeloT. amitomaa, rom novelebis, moTxro-
bebis, romanebisa da leqsebis gverdiT, eseisturi literaturis nimuSebis Seswavlac mogiwevT.
saxelmZRvanelo isea Sedgenili, rom ZiriTadad damoukideblad unda imuSaoT.
wlevandeli literaturis saxelmZRvaneloSi gazrdilia ucxouri, Targmnili lite-
raturis wili. am garemoebam zogierTi Tqvengani SeiZleba Seacbunos da kiTxvebic gauCi-
nos. axlave gavarkvioT es sakiTxi.
rasakvirvelia, saxelmZRvaneloSi Sesuli teqstebis SerCeva gauazreblad ar momxdara.
saqme is gaxlavT, rom erovnuli literatura, garkveuli gagebiT, mxolod originaluri,
qarTul enaze Seqmnili nawarmoebebiT ar Semoifargleba.
ai, ras wers amis Taobaze mwerali oTar CxeiZe: `literatura enobrivi movlenaa, enis
movlenaa... amitom Targmani imisia, vinc ro Targmna, vinc ro gadaiRo, imisi kulturis
nawilia, imisi enobrivi movlenaa. Seqspiri1 qarTulad Cveni movlenaa da rusTaveli ing-
lisuri movlenaa inglisurad, Tu, ra Tqma unda, imave Rirsebisaa inglisuri rusTaveli,
rogoric ro Seqspiri gaxlavT qarTulad... didma mTawmindelebma 2 Cveni ena aRamaRles,
Cveni kultura aRamaRles pirvel yovlisa uamravi da gasaocari TargmanebiTa... CvenTvis
isini aranakleb Rirebulni arian Cveni erovnuli TviTmyobadobis SenebaSi, vidre Tu gne-
bavT igive rusTaveli... Targmani Tu originaluri, sul erTia, erTi enobrivi movlenaa,
erTi literaturaa...~
am sakiTxs SeiZleba sxva kuTxidanac SevxedoT. ai, magaliTad, ras ambobs mecnieri da
mTargmneli zurab kiknaZe: `naTargmni literatura xSirad gamxdara Zveli da axali msof-
lios xalxTa sityvierebis ganviTarebis stimuli, zogjer amaRorZinebeli da ganmaaxle-
beli. mTargmnelobiT moRvaweobas, SeiZleba iTqvas, igive asaki aqvs, rac samwerlo moRva-
weobas. magaliTisTvis, Zveli drois erT-erTi umdidresi mwerloba, romelic asurul-
babilonur enazea SemorCenili, STagonebulia Sumeruli sityvierebiT da mniSvnelovan-
wilad misgan naTargmni Tu adaptirebuli teqstebisgan Sedgeba. ar SevcdebiT, Tu vityviT,
rom asurelebi da babilonelebi pirveli mTargmnelebi iyvnen msoflio literaturis
istoriaSi.~
qarTuli literatura xelovnebis sxva dargebisgan yovelTvis gamoirCeoda Tavisi
simdidriTa da siRrmiT. amitom `Tu ar gvinda, rom arc momavalSi gadaviqceT literatu-
rul filisterebad 3, unda vicodeT, Tu ra xdeba Tanamedrove msoflio literaturaSi.
giorgi mTawmindelisa da SoTa rusTavelis epoqaSi qarTvelma mwerlebma da mTargmnelebma
kargad icodnen Tu ra xdeboda maTi Tanamedrove msoflios literaturul cxovrebaSi,
amitomac hqmnidnen isini iseT nawarmoebebs, romelnic idgnen epoqis doneze. kulturuli
eris ZiriTadi maxasiaTebelia universalizmi da ara TviTkmayofili eTnografizmi da pro-
vincializmi~ (zviad gamsaxurdia).
kiTxva
1
uiliam Seqspiri (1564_1616) _ cnobili ingliseli poeti da dramaturgi, didi zegavlena moaxdina evro-
pul kulturaze. Seqspiris piesebis qarTulad Targmnas saTave daudo ivane maCabelma (1854_1898). ivane
maCablis namoRvawari dRemde rCeba qarTuli mTargmnelobiTi kulturis erT-erT mwvervalad.
I Tavi
2
avtori gulisxmobs eqvTime (955_1028) da giorgi (1009_1028) mTawmindelebs, romlebic aTonis iverTa
monasterSi moRvaweobdnen da romlebmac didi Rvawli dasdes qarTul kulturas ZiriTadad swored mTar-
gmnelobiTi saqmianobiT. giorgi mcire giorgi mTawmindelis Targmanebze werda: èseviTari Targmani, Tvinier
wmidisa mamisa Cuenisa efTvimesi, sxvai ara gamoCenila enasa Cuensa~.
3
filisteri _ SezRuduli gonebisa da farisevluri qcevis adamiani, romlis interesebi Semofarglulia
8
yoveldRiuri wvrilmanebiT. igivea, rac meSCani, obivateli.
I Tavi
kiTxva
kiTxva
I Tavi
9
Sesavali
arsebobs moaruli azri, romlis Tanaxmadac amqveynad mxatvruli nawarmoebis kiTxvaze

ioli araferia. magram es metismetad sadavo Tvalsazrisia. Cveulebriv, mwerlebi sapirispiros
amtkiceben xolme. ai, ras wers, magaliTad, amerikuli literaturis klasikosi henri devid
toro1: àdamianebi iseve kiTxuloben mxatvrul teqstebs, rogorc varskvlavebze mkiTxaoben.
ukeTes SemTxvevaSi _ astrologebiviT, magram ara astronomebiviT. maTi umravlesoba kiTxvas
swavlobs mxolod da mxolod cxovrebaSi gamosadegad, iseve rogorc cifrebs imitom swav-
loben, sayofacxovrebo xarjebi rom iangariSon.~
cnobili germaneli mwerali herman hese2 ki werda: `sicocxle Zalze xanmoklea. im qveynad
aravin dainteresdeba Cvens mier wakiTxuli wignebis raodenobiT. amitom windauxedavi da ug-
nuri saqcielia drois flangva iseTi kiTxvisTvis, romelsac faseuloba ar gaaCnia. vgulisxmob
ara marto cud wignebs, aramed, pirvel rigSi, Tavad kiTxvis xarisxs. kiTxvisgan, iseve rogorc
cxovrebaSi gadadgmuli yoveli nabijisgan, raRacas unda viRebdeT. energia ar unda davzogoT,
rom ufro meti Zala SeviZinoT. sakuTari Tavi unda veZeboT, rom ufro Segnebulebi gavxdeT.
ra azri aqvs literaturis istoriis codnas, Tuki Cvens mier wakiTxulma yovelma wignma sixa-
ruli da nugeSi, Zala da sulieri simSvide ar gvagrZnobina? usulgulo, ugulisyuro kiTxva
igivea, rac Tvalwarmtac bunebis wiaRSi Tvalaxveuli gaseirneba. imitom ar unda vikiTxoT,
rom sakuTari Tavi da yoveldRiuri cxovreba daviviwyoT. kiTxva imisTvisaa saWiro, rom ufro
mtkiced CavWidoT xeli Cveni cxovrebis saWes da ufro gavifarTooT cnobiereba. wignebs ise
ar unda mivudgeT, rogorc damfrTxali moswavleebi udgebian ampartavan maswavleblebs. arc
ise, rogorc usaqmurebi _ boTl Rvinos, aramed ise, rogorc mTamsvlelebi Sehyureben alpebs,
xolo meomrebi _ arsenals. ara ise, rogorc umweoni _ cxovrebas, gaqceviT rom cdiloben
Tavs uSvelon, aramed ise, rogorc megobrebsa da TanaSemweebs mimarTaven xolme adamianebi~.
miuxedavad imisa, rom cnobili mwerlebis mosazrebebi SemogTavazeT, winaswar mainc nu-
rafers daaskvniT. ubralod, SeecadeT gaacnobieroT, rom kiTxva martivi procesi ar aris da
masze sakuTari Tvalsazrisi CamoayaliboT. am TavSi warmodgenili teqstebi swored am saqmeSi
dagexmarebaT.
kiTxva
I Tavi
1
henri devid toro (1817_1862) _ amerikeli mwerali, moazrovne, naturalisti.
10 2
herman hese (1877_1962) _ germaneli mwerali, nobelis premiis laureati.
§ I
avtoris Sesaxeb
`pirveli, rac am moTxrobis wakiTxvisas dameufla, iyo aRtacebasTan

Sezavebuli gakvirveba, radgan marTlac Zneli warmosadgenia, ocdaori
wlis axalgazrda kaci aseT Znel Temebs SeeWidos da, rac mTavaria, warma-
tebiT daZlios.
es moTxroba TiTqosda raRacnairad reportaJuli stiliTaa daweri-
li, didi adgili ukavia metros mgzavrTa anketuri monacemebis CamoT-
irakli vlasac. esaa moTxroba, dawerili uaRresad Znel Temaze, da aq saocari os-
lomouri tatobiT enacvleba erTmaneTs yovlad realuri da didad fantastikuri
Tanamedrove ambebi. namdvilad gasakvirveli zomierebis grZnobiTa da saWiro osta-
qarTveli
mwerali
tobiTaa dawerili mTeli nawarmoebi~.
`SemiZlia vTqva, guram doCanaSvili
rom literatura
CemTvis (da, cxadia,
ara mxolod Cem-
Tvis) erTgvari
TamaSia, da TamaSi,
TavisTavad, raRa
Tqma unda, misti- irakli lomouri
fikaciis element-
sac gulisxmobs...~
i. lomouri SemTxveva
es moxda 1982 wlis 21 marts, kviras, dRis 3 saaTze metroSi, gaCerebaze `politeqnikuri
instituti~. baqanze oc kacamde Tu iqneboda (samwuxarod, zusti raodenoba Semdgomma kvleva-
Ziebam ver daadgina, am ambis TviTmxilvelTa umetesoba amtkicebs, rom Tavidanve cxrametni
iyvnen, magram, zogierTi cnobiT, Tavdapirvelad oci kaci iyo da mere erTi ukvalod gaqra.
asea Tu ise, Cven xelTa gvaqvs Cvidmeti mgzavris da metropolitenis ori muSakis Cvenebebi).
3 saaTsa da 1 wuTze matarebeli gavida sadgur `wereTlis moednisaken~.
3 saaTsa da 2 wuTze imave xazze gvirabidan gamoCnda matareblis moZraobis sawinaaRmdego
mimarTulebiT momavali procesia.
liandagze aqlemebis qaravani modioda.
win medidurad da amayad moabijebda lamazad morTuli erTkuziani TeTri aqlemi. TeTr
xilabandSi gaxveul mxedars maRla awvdil, TiTqos gaSeSebul xelSi naxevarmTvaris moyvani-
lobis mbzinavi xmali eWira. Savgvreman saxes pirbade ufaravda. ieri mSvidi da mkacri hqonda.
mas mohyvebodnen mZimed datvirTuli Cveulebrivi orkuziani aqlemebi, romlebsac rogorc
Cans, rigiTi beduinebi marTavdnen, saxeebze gulgril, gayinul TavdarwmunebasTan erTad
daRlac etyobodaT.
mZlavrad da swrafad modiodnen.
sul aTidan ocdaaTamde aqlemi iyo (am sakiTxSi Cvenebebi mniSvnelovnad ewinaaRmdegeba
erTmaneTs).
ukanasknel aqlems Tavidan mxedari TiTqos ar hyolia, Semdeg ki gauCnda (?! esec gaurkve-
kiTxva
veli momentia).
qaravanis fexis xma yru dgafuniviT ismoda, dadga zooparkis, oflis mZafri da mJave suni.
3 saaTsa da 4 wuTze qaravani gvirabSi gauCinarda.
I Tavi
3 saaTsa da 5 wuTze Camodga matarebeli, romelic, rasakvirvelia, aravis dasjaxebia da

romlis memanqanes da mgzavrebs araCveulebrivi araferi SeumCneviaT.
baqanze myofi cxrameti adamiani marmarilos qandakebebis skulpturuli jgufis STabeW-
dilebas tovebda, rogorc feriT, aseve gaxevebulobiT. 11
sicocxlis niSanwyali pirvels daetyo vinme gaioz gobronis Ze gigaurs (34 wlis, umuSe-
vari, gamousworebeli loTi da muqTaxora, nasamarTlevi wvrilmani xulignobisaTvis), rome-
lic, eqspertizis daskvniT, imyofeboda arafxizel mdgomareobaSi. 3 saaTsa da 6 wuTze man
autaneli xarxari atexa, nanaxi alkoholiT gamowveuli halucinacia egona. icinoda ga-
uCereblad 25 wuTis ganmavlobaSi, Semdeg guli Seuwuxda.
am sazareli xmis gagonebaze moqalaqe zinaida terentis asul janiaSvils (37 wlis, zo-
oveterinaruli institutis laboranti, gauTxovari) daewyo isteriuli krunCxvebi da mSo-
biaroba (unda aRiniSnos, janiaSvili amtkicebs, TiTqos igi aramcTu fexmZimed ar yofila,
aramed qalwuli iyo).
am dros moqalaqe roza robertis asuli gagloeva (51 wlis, diasaxlisi) gonebamixdili
Zirs daenarcxa da Tavi gaitexa (axla gagloeva uCivis metropolitenis sammarTvelos, mo-
iTxovs fulad kompensacias 500 man. odenobiT, Tumca komocio1 susti formisa miiRo).
matareblidan gadmosuli mgzavrebi dauyovnebliv miscvivdnen janiaSvilsa da gagloe-
vas keTilSobiluri surviliT, aRmoeCinaT pirveladi daxmareba, magram aq maTi yuradReba
miipyro da Seaferxa Semdegma faqtma, erTdroulad kidev ToTxmet moqalaqes wauvida guli
(rva qalsa da eqvs mamakacs), xolo vinme pavle mitrofanes-Ze petrovi (67 wlis, pensioneri)
muxlebze daemxo da mxurvale locva da qviTini morTo, Tan mkerdSi gametebiT icemda mjiRs.
jumber marlenis Ze qobulaSvils (42 wlis, partiuli, TbilkoopvaWrobis #20 maRaziis
gamge), Tmebi gauTeTrda, gascvivda da kvlav amouvida erTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi.
aseT mZime mdgomareobaSi ar daibna moqalaqe merab zurabis Ze zurikaSvili (26 wlis, kom-
kavSireli, spi-s studenti), romelic is iyo baqanze Semovida da romelic marTlac rom qebis
Rirsia. man mswrafl gamoiZaxa miliciaca da saswrafo daxmarebac, Semdeg SeZlebisdagvarad
miexmara janiaSvils.
naxevar saaTSi cxrametive dazaralebuli da axalSobili (biWi, 4 kg) morige saavadmyo-
foSi moaTavses.
aRiZra saqme, daiwyo Zieba.
operatiulma jgufma kapitan amiran toroSeliZis meTaurobiT Seiswavla SemTxvevis
adgili da aRmoaCina pirveli, da rogorc ramdenime dReSi gaxda cxadi, erTaderTi materi-
aluri sabuTi, romelic garkveulwilad adasturebda cxrameti moqalaqis monaTxrobs, _
moSavo-moyavisfro feris, mZafri arasasiamovno sunis mqone mkvrivi konsistenciis nivTi-
ereba (500gr).
sagangebo komisiam, romelSic Sevidnen specialistebi sxvadasxva kompetenturi uwye-
bebidan, gulmodgine analizis Semdeg daaskvna, rom es iyo saqonlis Cveulebrivi eqskrementi,
anu nexvi (savsebiT dasaSvebia, aqlemisac).
detaluri da jvaredini dakiTxvis Sedegad aRdga, ufro zustad, rekonstruirebul
iqna SemTxvevis suraTi, misi Tanamimdevroba da xangrZlivoba, magram aman, samwuxarod, na-
Teli ver mohfina uCveulo incidents.
gamoZiebis msvlelobisas bevri saintereso faqti amotivtivda, Tumca arcerTi maTgani
21 marts momxdar SemTxvevas uSualod ar exeboda (ase magaliTad, j. m .qobulaSvilma gu-
laxdilad aRiara samrewvelo saqonlis datacebis mravalricxovani SemTxvevebi, g.g. giga-
uri gamotyda fulis gamoZalvis mcdelobaSi, a.t. labaZes hyolia oTxi coli respublikis
sxvadasxva raionebSi da a.S. TiTqmis yvelas aRmoaCnda saTqmeli da mosananiebeli. unda vi-
varaudoT, aseTi uprecedento gulaxdiloba gamoiwvia nervulma Sokma).
kiTxva
verafriT ver gairkva, yvela mcdelobis miuxedevad, arsebobda Tu ara am ambis meoce
monawile da Tu arsebobda, sad gaqra. moqalaqe irine grigolis asuli dvaliSvili (19 wlis,
komkavSireli, Tsu-s studenti), romelmac yvelaze srulad aRwera misi garegnoba (maRali,
I Tavi
gamxdari, gaburZgnuli Savi TmebiT, gauparsavi, jinsebian-tyavisqurTukiani, 20-22 wlis), am-

tkicebs, rom ucnobi qaravans gahyva, magram danarCeni Cvenebebi amas uaryofen.
12 1
komocio _ tvinis Seryeva.
komisiam da specialurma jgufma 3 Tvis muSaobis Semdeg fenomeni masobrivi hipnoziT ax-
sna, saqme daixura da arqivs gadaeca.
qalaqSi miTqma-moTqma da Worebi kidev didxans vrceldeboda. zogierTi am ambavs pla-
netebis aRlums abralebda, zogi infrabgerebs, da zogic bermudis samkuTxeds an mfrinav
TefSebs.
nel-nela cxrametive moqalaqe daubrunda Cveulebriv cxovrebas, drom da gansakuT-
rebulma mkurnalobam Tavisi gaitana (danaSaulebani apaties, gaiTvaliswines ra dazara-
lebulTa mZime sulieri mdgomareoba). gigauri gamosworda, qobulaSvilic, yaralaSvilic,
labaZec da sxvebic, mxolod gagloevas ar eSvela araferi, kvlavac Civis da moiTxovs fulad
kompensacias 500 man. odenobiT. janiaSvilis bavSvi (romelsac ratomRac mahmudi daarqva),
mSvenivrad grZnobs Tavs, Tumca umamod ki izrdeba. yvelani kargad arian, mxolod metros
eridebian da aRar sargebloben mimosvlis am swrafi, iafi da mosaxerxebeli saSualebiT,
Tumca, es arcaa albaT gasakviri. aris gamonaklisic. dvaliSvili yovel dRe Cadis `poli-
teqnikuri institutis~ baqanze da didxans rCeba iq usaqmod, TiTqos viRacas elodeba. vis
elodeba?! an ras elodeba?!
1981
saubari
kiTxva
irakli lomourma es moTxroba pirvelad gasuli saukunis 80-iani wlebis dasawyisSi gamo-
aqveyna. im dros, sabWoTa saqarTveloSi, Jurnal `ciskars~ hqonda saliteraturo damateba
I Tavi
`nobaTi~, romelSiac, ZiriTadad, axalgazrda mwerlebis teqstebi ibeWdeboda. `SemTxvevac~

`nobaTSi~ daibeWda. moxda ise, rom garkveuli xnis Semdeg TbilisSi xmebi dairxa metropoli-
tenSi yovlad ucnauri aqlemebis qaravnis gamoCenis Sesaxeb, rac am movlenis SemswreTaTvis
sakmaod dramatuli SedegebiT dasrulebula. amas mohyveboda moTxrobis teqstis met-nakle-
bad damaxinjebuli versiis gadmocema. 13
am ambavs TviTon mwerali ase ixsenebs: `Cemma moTxrobam `SemTxveva”, qalaqSi miTqma-moT-
qma gamoiwvia. moTxroba Cems imdroindel ganwyobas gamoxatavda, _ absurduli realoba, sai-
danac gmirs gaqceva surs da kidevac garbis, aqlemebis qaravans mihyveba, _ magram sruliad ar
mifiqria, rom vinme amas sinamdviled da marTla momxdar SemTxvevad miiRebda.
Tumca, Tu davfiqrdebiT, gasakviri araferia, sabWoTa moqalaqe yvelafers ijerebda, ra-
sac uwerdnen, moTxroba ki dokumentur-qronikalur stilSi iyo gadawyvetili, TviTmxil-
velTa gvar-saxelebis, samuSao adgilebisa da partiulobis miTiTebiT...~
mokled, sruliad aSkaraa, rom moxda mxatvruli teqstis araswori wakiTxva, rasac mohyva
kidec misi realobaSi aRreva. gaiTvaliswineT isic, rom mxatvruli teqstis aseTi araswori
interpretaciisTvis xeli ar SeuSlia moTxrobaSi aRweril sruliad fantastikur ambavsac
ki: mogexsenebaT, metros gvirabebSi aqlemebis qaravnebi ar moZraoben.
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
yuradRebiT waikiTxeT Semdegi epizodi:

`matareblidan gadmosuli gakvirvebuli mgzavrebi dauyovnebliv miscvivdnen janiaSvil-
sa da gagloevas keTilSobiluri surviliT, aRmoeCinaT pirveladi daxmareba, magram aq maTi
yuradReba miipyro da Seaferxa Semdegma faqtma, erTdroulad kidev ToTxmet moqalaqes wau-
vida guli (rva qalsa da eqvs mamakacs), xolo vinme pavle mitrofanes-Ze petrovi (67 wlis,
pensioneri) muxlebze daemxo da mxurvale locva da qviTini morTo, Tan mkerdSi gametebiT
icemda mjiRs.
jumber marlenis Ze qobulaSvils (42 wlis, partiuli, TbilkoopvaWrobis 20 maRaziis gam-
ge), Tmebi gauTeTrda, gascvivda da kvlav amouvida erTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi.
aseT mZime mdgomareobaSi ar daibna moqalaqe merab zurabis Ze zurikaSvili (26 wlis, kom-
kavSireli, spi-s studenti), romelic is iyo baqanze Semovida da romelic marTlac rom qebis
Rirsia. man mswrafl gamoiZaxa miliciaca da saswrafo daxmarebac, Semdeg SeZlebisdagvarad
miexmara janiaSvils~.
Tqveni azriT, ra mizans SeiZleba emaxurebodes dokumentur-qronikaluri stili?
daakvirdiT, rogor arian daxasiaTebuli pavle mitrofanes Ze petrovi, merab zurabis

Ze zurikaSvili da zinaida terentis asuli janiaSvili. mwerali axerxebs iribulad
iseTi informaciac mogvawodos am adamianebze, razec pirdapir erT sityvasac ar ambobs.
geqmnebaT Tu ara warmodgena konkretul epizodSi aRweril personaJebze am informa-
ciiT? ratom? daasabuTeT Tqveni mosazreba.
detalebis xelovneba
1. daakvirdiT: moTxroba 1981 wliTaa daTariRebuli, xolo teqstis dasawyisSive naTqva-

mia, rom es SemTxveva 1982 wels moxda. ras unda niSnavdes es detali? Tqveni azriT,
kiTxva
SeamCnies es niuansi maT, vinc moTxroba arasworad waikiTxes?

2. yuradReba gaamaxvileT Semdeg detalze. mwerali wers:
I Tavi
`verafriT ver gairkva, yvela mcdelobis miuxedavad, arsebobda Tu ara am ambis meoce
monawile da Tu arsebobda, sad gaqra. moqalaqe irine grigolis asuli dvaliSvili (19
wlis, komkavSireli, Tsu-s studenti), romelmac yvelaze srulad aRwera misi garegnoba
(maRali, gamxdari, gaburZgnuli Savi TmebiT, gauparsavi, jinsebian-tyavisqurTukiani,
14
20-22 wlis), amtkicebs, rom ucnobi qaravans gahyva, magram danarCeni Cvenebebi amas uar-
yofen~.
Tqveni azriT, ratom gaamaxvila yuradReba am ambis meoce monawileze mxolod irine dva-
liSvilma? Tqveni azriT, es SemTxveviT xdeba Tu mwerali Segnebulad irCevs am personaJs?
analizi
vfiqrobT, Cveni sazogadoebis garkveul nawilSi adrec SeimCneoda da dResac SeimCneva

midrekileba realobis mistificirebisken. irakli lomouris moTxrobis araswor wakiTxvas,
cxadia, amanac Seuwyo xeli.
SeecadeT Tqveni pozicia CamoayaliboT Semdeg sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT:
1. Tqveni azriT, risi simptomia amgvari midrekileba;
2. gonebis Tvali gadaavleT Cveni sazogadoebis uaxles istoriasa da dRevandel yofas.
Tqveni azriT, arsebobs Cvens politikur, ekonomikur Tu kulturul sivrceSi realo-
bis deformirebis amgvari ucnauri magaliTebi?
davaleba SeasruleT werilobiT.
paraleli
gaixseneT ilia WavWavaZis `kacia-adamiani?!~ rogor xsnian luarsabi da darejani rusTxel-

mwifesa da xonTqars Soris amtydari omis mizezebs? SesaZlebelia Tu ara paraleli gavavloT
am faqtsa da i. lomouris moTxrobis araswor interpretacias Soris? imsjeleT amis Sesaxeb.
interpretacia
Tqveni azriT, ratom ganapiroba dokumentur-qronikalurma stilma moTxrobis araswori

interpretacia (daakvirdiT enobriv qsovils, aseve personaJebis xatvis maneras)?
rac Seexeba moTxrobaSi aRwerili ambis meoce monawiles, romelic safiqrebelia, rom
qaravans gahyva da ukvalod gaqra _ misi prototipi Tavad mweralia. avtori cdilobs aseTi
originaluri xerxiT gamoxatos moazrovne adamianis protesti ukiduresad damTrgunveli
sabWoTa sinamdvilis mimarT.
gamoiyeneT Tqven xelT arsebuli yvela wyaro (maT Soris, ufrosi Taobis adamianebis,
vTqvaT, Tqveni mSoblebis naambobic) da mokled, Tezisebis saxiT, CamowereT, zogadad ra iyo
sabWoTa sinamdvileSi iseTi, ris gamoc moTxrobis personaJs urCevnia am yovlad mistikur
qaravans gahyves da ukvalod gaqres, vidre am realobaSi iarsebos.
diskusia
nawarmoebis analizisas miRebuli daskvnebi CaiwereT samuSao rveulSi. gaacaniT Tqveni

kiTxva
naazrevi erTmaneTs da azrTa sxvadasxvaobis SemTxvevaSi gamarTeT saklaso diskusia; Seeca-

deT SeimuSaoT zogadi Tvalsazrisi imis Sesaxeb, ratom xdeba realobis amgvari deformacia
da rogor SeiZleba adamianma Tavi daaRwios mis zegavlenas.
I Tavi
15
avtoris Sesaxeb
XX saukunis dasawyisis ruseTSi Zalze popularuli mwerali leonid

andreevi SeZlebul ojaxSi daibada, mas bednieri bavSvoba hqonda. mozar-
dobisas Zalian bevrs kiTxulobda. gansakuTrebiT didi zegavlena moaxdi-
na masze germaneli filosofosis artur Sopenhaueris (1788_1860) naSro-
mebma. 16 wlis iyo andreevi, rodesac sakuTar simamaceSi dasarwmuneblad,
moaxloebul matarebels relsebs Soris dauwva. mamis gardacvalebis Sem-
leonid deg iZulebuli gaxda sakmaod mravalricxovani ojaxisTvis miexeda. daam-
andreevi Tavra moskovis universitetis iuridiuli fakulteti. cxovrobda ukidu-
1871 _ 1919 res siRaribeSi. orjer scada Tavis mokvla, magram orivejer gadarCa. ro-
`me zogjer Segne- gorc TviTon wers, tiriliT daweril pirvel moTxrobebs, redaqciebSi si-
bulad, nawarmoe- ciliT ubrunebdnen ukan. pirveli krebuli gamosca 1898 wels. andreevs main-
bis mxatvruli mxa-
ris sazianodac ki, cdamainc didi warmodgena ar hqonda adamianis gonebis Zalaze. mis moTxro-
romelic zust da bebSi adamianebs xSirad ar SeuZliaT win aRudgnen instinqtebs an bediswe-
TvalsaCino indi- ras. cxovreba mouxda didi istoriuli kataklizmebis epoqaSi _ igi Seeswro
vidualizacias gu-
lisxmobs, uars
pirvel msoflio omsa da ruseTis imperiaSi momxdar sam revolucias. komu-
vambob xasiaTTa nistebis gamarjvebis Semdeg emigraciaSi wavida. gardaicvala fineTSi.
daxatvaze. CemTvis
ara aqvs mniSvne-
loba vin aris
ìgi~ _ Cemi moT-
xrobebis gmiri:
mRvdeli, Cinovni-
leonid andreevi
ki, gulkeTili Tu
avyia kaci. CemTvis
mniSvnelovania
mxolod is _ rom
ben-toviti
igi adamiania da
mudmivad uwevs im saSinel dRes, roca msoflio usamarTloba aRsrulda da golgoTa-
cxovrebis mZime
tvirTis sakuTa- ze yaCaRebTan erTad ieso qriste acves jvars, _ im dRes sisxam dilas ga-
ri mxrebiT zid- usaZlisad astkivda kbilebi ierusalimel vaWars ben-tovits; tkivili jer
va~. kidev wina dRes, saRamo xans SeuCnda: wiwkna dauwyo marjvena ybam, xolo
l. andreevi erTi kbili, sibrZnis kbilis wina, TiTqosda cotaTi amoewia da enis waka-
rebaze odnav stkioda. Wamis Semdeg tkivili mTlianad gaqra, ben-tovitsac
sul gadaaviwyda igi da damSvidda. am dRes beberi saxedari sarfianad gadacvala axalgazrda
da Ronier saxedarze, guli sixaruliT uZgerda da ainunSi ar agdebda avbediT niSnebs.
RamiT ben-totivs mSvidad da gulianad eZina. alionze ki mSfoTvarebam Seipyro, TiTqos
viRac Zalze mniSvnelovan saqmeze uxmobda; da roca gulmosulma gaiRviZa, kbilebi stkioda,
stkioda aSkarad, gaavebiT, gulis SemaRoneblad. ukve veRar gaerkvia, isev guSindeli kbili
awuxebda, Tu imas sxva kbilebic ahyva. ben-tovits piri da Tavi saSinlad stkioda, TiTqos aTa-
sobiT gavarvarebul wvermaxvila lursmans aReWinebeno.
doqidan wyali mosva, pirSi Caiguba da wuTiT tkivili dauamda, kbilebi autokda da
talRasaviT auTamTamda. es SegrZneba sasiamovnoc ki iyo wina SegrZnebasTan SedarebiT.
ben-toviti isev dawva, axali saxedari gaaxsenda da gaifiqra, kbilebi rom ar mtkiodes,
Cemze bednieri kaci amqveynad ar iqnebodao, da daZineba moiguneba, magram wyali Tbili iyo
kiTxva
da xuTi wuTis Semdeg isev wamouara tkivilma, adrindelze ufro mZvinvare tkivilma. sa-
wolze Camomjdari ben-toviti axla qanqarasaviT irxeoda. mTeli saxe daeRmiWa da veeba
cxvirTan miewura; tanjvisagan gafiTrebul cxvirze civi oflis wveTi Seyinvoda. ai, ase,
I Tavi
rweva-kvnesiT Sexvda ben-toviti mzis pirvel sxivebs, romelTac bedad eweraT golgoTaze
aRmarTuli sami jvari exilaT da Tavzarisa da mwuxarebisagan sinaTle daSretodaT.
ben-toviti gulkeTili, kargi adamiani iyo, ar uyvarda usamarTloba, magram roca cols
16 gaeRviZa, mas ReWva-ReWviT bevri gulsatkeni ram uTxra. uCioda, sul martodmarto damagdes,
rom gawamebulma viymuvlo da vikrunCxoo. colma moTminebiT moismina daumsaxurebeli sayve-
durebi, vinaidan icoda, gulborotobiT ar daumunaTebia qmars; Semdeg bevri kargi wamali
moutana: virTagvas gasufTavebuli curcli, romelic loyaze unda daedo, morielis mwvane
nayeni da moses mier damsxvreuli sjulis ficris natexi. virTagvas curclma, agreTve sju-
lis ficris natexma tkivili cotaTi dauama, magram mcire xniT, xanmokle gayuCebis Semdeg
tkivili isev axali ZaliT utevda.
ben-toviti saxedarze fiqriT iqcevda Tavs, masze ocnebobda. xolo roca uaresad xdebo-
da, kvnesoda, cols ujavrdeboda da imuqreboda, Tavs qvaze davaxli, Tu tkivili ar gamiyuCdao;
saxlis banze gamudmebiT bolTas scemda; Tavi qaliviT TavSliT hqonda Sexveuli da amitom
banis kidesTan gasvla rcxvenoda. drodadro bavSvebi moirbendnen xolme da sxapasxupiT ra-
Racas uambobdnen ieso nazarevelze. ben-toviti Cerdeboda, bavSvebs saxeSeWmuxnili usmenda,
wuTis Semdeg ki mwyralad ubakunebda fexs da erekeboda: keTili kaci iyo da bavSvebi uyvarda,
magram axla brazobda, aTasgvari umniSvnelo ramiT guls rom uwyalebdnen.
arc is siamovnebda, rom quCaSi da maxlobel banebze usaqmod Seyrili mileTis xalxi qali-
viT TavSexveuls xedavda, ukve Zirs Casvlas apirebda, roca colma uTxra:
_ Sexe, yaCaRebi mohyavT. iqneb maT cqeras guli gadaayolo.
_ Tu qali xar, Tavi damanebe, ver xedav, rogor vitanjebi? _ mwyralad miugo ben-tovitma,
magram colis sityvebSi krToda bundovani imedi, iqneb tkivili daucxreso, amitom uxalisod
mivida moajirTan. Tavi gverdze gadaxara, cali Tvali moxuWa, loyiT xels daeyrdno da qvemoT
Caixeda; zizRiT avsebuli saxe Camostiroda.
aRmarTze amomaval viwro quCaze areul-dareulad moiwevda mtvris koriantelSi gaxve-
uli dundgo da gauTaveblad yviroda.
dundgos SuaSi moabijebdnen damnaSaveni, romelnic jvrebis simZimes welSi moexara.
damnaSaveebis Tavze Savi gve-
lebiviT iklakneboda romael
jariskacTa maTraxebi. erTma
damnaSavem, romelsac grZeli
qera Tma hqonda da dagleji-
li, gasisxlianebuli kvarTi
emosa, qvaze waiborZika da da-
eca. yvirilma imata da brbo
zRvis nairferi wyaliviT Se-
moejara dacemuls. ben-tovi-
ti uecrad tkivilma SeakrTo
_ kbilSi viRacam TiTqosda
gavarvarebuli nemsi Caaso da
dautriala; ben-tovitma da-
ikvnesa: ù-u-u~ _ da moajirs
moSorda zizRiT savse, gul-
grili da gaborotebuli.
man warmoidgina, rogor
kiTxva
hqonda xalxs piri dabCenili,

_ im adamianebs kbilebi ar
stkiodaT, da SuriT Tqva:
I Tavi
_ ras gahyvirian!
o, rogor daiyvirebda
TviTonac, avad rom ar yofi-
liyo! 17
amis warmodgenaze tkivili gauaskecda, Sexveuli Tavis qnevas mohyva da aRmuvlda: `m-u-u~...
_ amboben, brmebs hkurnavdao, _ uTxra colma, romelic moajirs ar scildeboda, da kenWi
iqiTken isrola, sadac nel-nela moiwevda maTraxebis cemiT fexze wamomdgari ieso.
_ raRa Tqma unda! erTi Cemi kbilis tkivilic moerCina, _ ironiulad miugo ben-tovitma
da gulficxad, mwared dasZina: _ ra mtvris buRs ayeneben, TiTqos jogiao! yvelani joxiT
unda daifrino aqedan! sara, Camiyvane Zirs!
coli marTali aRmoCnda. brbos cqeram cotaTi gaarTo ben-toviti; iqneb bolos da bo-
los virTagvas curclmac uSvela, _ da man daiZina. xolo roca gaiRviZa, tkivili TiTqos
gauqra, mxolod marjvena ybaze gamoebera patara flusi, ise patara, Zlivs emCneoda. coli
eubneboda, sul ar getyobao, ben-toviti eSmakurad iRimeboda: man icoda, ra keTili coli
hyavda da rarig uyvarda gulgasaxari ramis Tqma.
movida mezobeli, dabali samueli. ben-tovitma saxedris sanaxavad waiyvana da siamayiT
ismenda Tavisi da cxovelis gulmxurvale qebas.
Semdeg cnobismoyvare saras TxovniT ben-toviti da samueli golgoTaze wavidnen jvar-
cmulebis sanaxavad. gzad ben-toviti samuels uyveboda, guSin marjvena ybaSi rogor igrZno
wiwkna, Semdeg RamiT rogor gaaRviZa saSinelma tkivilma. tkivili rom TvalsaCino gaexada,
wamebulis gamometyvelebas iRebda, Tvalebs xuWavda, Tavs aqnevda da kvnesoda. WaRara wveriani
samueli ki TanagrZnobiT uqnevda Tavs da ambobda:
_ o-h-ho-, ho! ra mtkivneulia!
ben-tovits esiamovna samuelis Tanadgoma da kbilebis tkivilis ambavs Tavidan mohyva,
Semdeg is Soreuli dro gaixsena, roca kbili pirvelad astkivda, qvemoTa, marcxena mxaris
kbili dauWianda. ase, cxoveli baasiT, avidnen golgoTaze. mze, romelsac wilad xvda am saSinel
dRes qveyana enaTebina, ukve Soreuli borcvebis miRma Caesvena da aRmosavleTiT sisxliani
nakvaleviviT enTo mewamul-wiTeli zoli. wiTeli zolis fonze bundovnad, muqad isaxeboda
jvrebi, Sua jvris ZirSi mqrqalad Candnen viRac muxlmoyrili adamianebi.
xalxi didi xania wavid-wamovida. TandaTan acivda, ben-tovitmac Tvali Seavlo jvrebs,
samuels mklavSi xeli gauyara da frTxilad Semoabruna saxlisken. mWevrmetyvelebis saRer-
Reli aSloda da undoda bolomde eTqva kbilis tkivilis ambavi. ase modiodnen isini da ben-
toviti samuelis gulmtkivneul Tavis qnevasa da SeZaxilebze tanjulis saxes Rebulobda,
xolo Rrma xeobidan, gadamwvari dablobebidan moiwevda Savi Rame, TiTqosda surda cis Tval-
Tagan daemala dedamiwis didi borotmoqmedeba.
1905
rusulidan Targmna akaki bregaZem
saubari
rusi mwerlis leonid andreevis Semoqmedebis gvirgvinad `ben-toviti~ namdvilad ver CaiT-
vleba, magram es qmnileba mainc mniSvnelovania masSi gamoyenebuli mxatvruli xerxis wyalobiT,
kiTxva
romlis gauTvaliswinebladac saerTod SeuZlebelia am teqstis adekvaturad aRqma.

daakvirdiT: andreevi msoflio istoriis erT-erT yvelaze grandiozul movlenas, mov-
lenas, romelmac kacobriobis istoria Suaze gaxliCa, ieso qristes jvarcmas, iseTi um-
I Tavi
niSvnelo ambis fonze xatavs, rogoric SeiZleba iyos viRac ierusalimeli vaWris _ kbilat-
kivebuli ben-tovitis _ gancdebi, romelsac kbilis tkiviliT gamowveul tanjvas mxolod is
sixaruli TuRa aviwyebs, romelic wina dRes ganicada, roca beberi saxedari sarfianad ga-
dacvala axalgazrda, ufro Ronier saxedarze...
18
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
Tavidan waikiTxeT teqsti da daakvirdiT, ramdenjer da ra konteqstSi axsenebs mwerali ieso

qristes. mniSvneloba aqvs imasac, moTxrobis romel monakveTebSia moxseniebuli jvarcmis ambavi.
ganmarteT, ratom mimarTavs mwerali Txrobis amgvar maneras da gamiznulad akeTebs Tu ara amas.
detalebis xelovneba
mwerali ramdenjerme xazgasmiT ambobs, rom ben-toviti keTili da usamarTlobis moZule

kaci iyo. monaxeT teqstSi es adgilebi. es detali aucileblad raRac garkveul rols unda asru-
lebdes. dafiqrdiT, Tqven rogor gansazRvravdiT am mxatvruli detalis funqcias moTxrobaSi?
analizi
1. gaaanalizeT moTxrobis wakiTxviT miRebuli STabeWdileba da mcire komentaris saxiT

CaiwereT samuSao rveulSi.
2. albaT xvdebiT, rom mwerali udidesze umciresis prizmidan SemTxveviT ar gvelapara-
keba. rogor fiqrobT, ra azri aqvs aqcentis aseT ucnaur gadanacvlebas? Tqveni azriT,
aris Tu ara mniSvnelovani is, risi Tqmac andreevs am mxatvruli xerxis gamoyenebiT
surs? ratom? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
3. ras ityviT, SeiZleboda, rom im dRes ierusalimSi marTlac arsebuliyo ben-tovitis
msgavsi gancdebis mqone adamiani? Tqveni azriT, marTlac SeiZleboda vinme ben-tovits
sakuTari yofiTi problemebis gamo sruliad gamorCenoda mxedvelobidan, iseTi mas-
Stabis movlena, rogoric iyo ieso qristes jvarcma?
paraleli
SegaxsenebT, rogor daiwera qarTuli poeziis erT-erTi Sedevri `merani~. nikoloz bara-
TaSvilis biZa ilia orbeliani tyved Cauvarda Samils.1 SemorCenilia poetis werili grigol
orbelianisadmi, romelSic nikoloz baraTaSvili wers: ìlias daWera rom Sevityve, swore
giTxra, Zalian Sevwuxdi, ase, rom sami dRe gabruebuli viyav aTasis sxva da sxva ucnauri fiq-
rebiT da surviliT da, rom ekiTxaT ki CemTvis, mec ar vicodi, ra mindoda. bolos mesame dRes
es leqsi davwere da TiTqos aman raRac Sveba momca...~
leonid andreevs `ben-toviti~ 1905 wels Tavadac kbilatkivebuls dauweria. mwerali Tavis
das werda: `moTxroba davwere vinme ebrael vaWarze, romelsac qristes jvarcma gamoepara,
radgan zustad im dRes gausaZlisad astkivda kbilebi~.
rogor fiqrobT, SeiZleba Tu ara am or faqts Soris paralelis gavleba? ra tipis
kavSirs xedavT maT Soris? imsjeleT amis Sesaxeb.
weriTi davaleba
kiTxva
SearCieT romelime mniSvnelovani movlena Cveni istoriidan. Sesabamisad, gamoigoneT per-

sonaJi da andreevis mier gamoyenebuli mxatvruli xerxis daxmarebiTa da moTxrobis analizis
I Tavi
Sedegad miRebuli gamocdilebis gamoyenebiT SeqmeniT mcire prozauli teqsti.
1
Samili (1797-1871) _ me-19 saukuneSi ruseTis winaaRmdeg daRestnelebisa da CeCnebis ganmaTavisuf-
lebeli brZolis meTauri. am brZolaSi qarTveli Tavad-aznauroba ruseTis mxares ibrZoda.
19
§ II
avtoris Sesaxeb
`rogor SeiZleba isev da isev ar gancvifrde, mowiwebam ar dagamunjos,

roca gaixseneb, rodis iqmneboda oTar CxeiZis nawarmoebebi! roca gaixse-
neb, rom ormocian wlebSi iwereboda `Cemi soflis etiudebi~ anu iavar-
qmnili qarTlis suraTebi. im dros: rodesac ganaxlebuli soflis xotba-
oTar CxeiZe dideba evaleboda mwerals, rodesac jer isev haerSi JRrialebda cota
1920_2007 xnis win Cagrialebuli apokalifsuri kevris (#..37)4 eqo, da kalodan jer
`ver gavigeTo, amar amSraliyo sisxlis ruebi. jer ar gadagviliyo galewil sicocxleTa
xirebian kritiko-
sebi da avxirebi- nafleTebi, daglejili wignebi, saqaRaldeebi, furclebi, funjebi, kal-
var mec Cemi mxri- mebi Tu wiTeli mixaki... rodesac zecas samudamo Crdilad SerCenoda qvey-
Ta, CaikiTxeT da nis Tavze aRmarTuli uzarmazari celi, romelic kidev visken da rodis
gaigebT meTqi;
ukeT ro iTqvas, daiZvreboda, aravin icoda da am molodinSi gaqvavebuliyvnen saxeze xe-
isini ro axirebu- lebafarebulni (aqedan moyolebuli _ Cveni mudmivi Sinagani poza _ poza
lan, Torem me ho SiSisa) da xSirad Tavdasacavad qvas isrodnen meorisaken, maTsaviT saxeze
marTali gaxla-
var, marTali cam- xelebafarebulisaken. rodesac akrZalul legendasaviT CurCuliT dadi-
disa: Tu trabaxo- oda `jayos xiznebis~ jvarcmuli avtoris5 ukanaskneli sityvebi, jalaTTa
ben, ro gaiges va- kiTxvaze migebuli pasuxi, pasuxi ganwirulobisa da gautexlobis (`vin ari-
Jai, joisi1 gaiges,
elioti2 gaiges, gaan Tqveni mokavSireni? _ Cemi mokavSireni arian servantesi6, lope de ve-
laktioni gaiges, ga7...~). ...rodesac erTi saxelmwifos teritoriaze gamarTuli adamianTa sa-
3
kafka gaiges, mere saklao _ ramdenime wlis Semdeg lamis mTel dedamiwaze ganivrco... da am
rogora trabaxo-
ben! _ sxva vin dar- dros ijda viRac da dagubebul cremliT da oxvriT, (raTa xeli ar akanka-
CebaT gaugebari, leboda) _ misxal-misxal aRnusxavda `rac dRes saqarTvelosa Wirni moad-
Tvals Tu gaaxe- ges...~
len, kargad Tu ga-
axelen Tvalsa?~ oTar CxeiZis Semoqmedeba _ forma-Sinaarsianad _ upirispirdeba ara
o. CxeiZe mxolod ìm drois~ Zaladobas (pirovnebaze), sulierebisagan dawretil
imis Sablonebsa da etalonebs, aramed gasaocari gambedaobiT upirispir-
deba yoveli drois naCqarev, ugemur, wyal-wyala saqmianobebSi garTul yofas, fsevdo-
mkiTxvelsa da fsevdo-cxovrebas~.
naira gelaSvili
1
jeims joisi (1882_1941) _ irlandieli mwerali. erT-erTi yvelaze Znelad sakiTxavi avtori. misi
ganTqmuli romani ùlise~ bolomde ar aris Targmnili qarTulad.
2
tomas sternz elioti (1888_1965) _ ingliseli poeti da kritikosi, nobelis premiis laureati.
kiTxva
aRiarebuli iyo, rogorc literaturuli mimdinareobis, modernizmis moZRvari. didi zegavlena moaxdina
XX saukunis evropul literaturaze.
3
franc kafka (1883_1924) _ avstrieli mwerali, modernisti.
I Tavi
4
igulisxmeba 1937 wlis represiebi. kargi iqneba Tuki am TariRTan dakavSirebiT damoukideblad
moipovebT informacias.
5
igulisxmeba mixeil javaxiSvili (1880_1937), 1937 wlis represiebis erT-erTi msxverpli.
6
migel de servantesi (1547_1616) _ espaneli mwerali, cnobili `don kixot lamanCelis~ avtori.
Targmnilia qarTulad.
20 7
lope de vega (1562_1635) _ espaneli dramaturgi.
oTar CxeiZe
mkiTxveli
gwerdi:
mwerlobisas nurafers mekiTxebimeTqi, _ cas gavhyureb da caze vfiqrob, miwas Cavcqeri
da miwaze vfiqrob, mwerlobisas nuRar mekiTxebimeTqi;
axla mkiTxvelisas mekiTxebi, _
ra gipasuxo?
isev cas gavhyureb da isev miwas Cavcqeri, _
mainc raRac unda gipasuxo,
mainc ar momeSvebi,
keTili, davexsnebi casa da miwasa, mkiTxvelio da mkiTxveli iyos:
SeiZleba iTqvas, ro mwerali mkiTxveli gaxlavT, anu mkiTxveli gansazRvravs mwerlobis
donesa, mkiTxvelis moTxovnileba, mkiTxvelis gemovneba, mkiTxvelis erudicia gansazRvravs,
an Tu SeiZleba asec ro iTqvas, ris Rirsicaa xalxi, mwerlobac iseTi gaaCnia, _ SeiZleba iTqvas;
mTlad mTeli xalxi arc SeiZleba mkiTxveli iyos, _ daiRupeba xalxi, eri daiRupeba, arc
moxerxdeba, yvela erTnairi mkiTxveli gamodges. kiTxvac unaria, niWia kiTxvaca, mkiTxvelic
niWia, rogorc mweralia niWi. gamoCenili ingliseli romanistis virjinia vulfis8 azriT,
kiTxva xelovnebaa, mkiTxvelic xelovania. xolo xelovnebas bevri ram unda, Zalian bevri, dro
unda bevri, sxva Tu araferi, unda agreTve RvTaebrivi madli, pirvelyovlisa, RvTaebrivi
mironi, niWi unda erTisityviTa, niWi gansakuTrebuli, gamorCeuli, rogorc Tu gnebavT,
poetisa rogorca, mwerlisa saerTod Tu fermwerisa, rogorc musikosisa Tu msaxiobisa,
rogorc momRerlisa Tu moqandakisa, _ gamorCeuli da Taviseburi niWi, mwerlobis dones ro
gansazRvravs, Tavisi xalxis mwerlobisa;
mkiTxveli mainc ufro metia raRa Tqma unda, oRond mainc imdeni ara, werakiTxva ramden-
mac icis, _ werakiTxva sul sxva ramea, mkiTxveli sxva ram, Sua udevs didi mzRvario, naTqvami
romaa, isea sworeda; zogan ician da adviladac gamoiTvlian Tu ramdenia mcodne werakiTxvisa,
mkiTxveli Tu ramdenia maTSi, ramdeni umaRlesi donis mkiTxveli, ramdeni maRali, saSualo
ramdeni, dabali ramdeni, gamoiTvlian da arc eridebian gamoacxadon procentulad mainca Tu
ara sulmTlad zedmiwevniTa; CvenSi cota sxvagvaradaa: viciT, ara gvyavs werakiTxvis ucodi-
nari da migvaCnia yvela mkiTxvelada, ase erTbaSada, ase erTobliva, ver ro SevkadrebT davaxa-
risxoT, verc gamovarkvevT, ramdenia mainc mkiTxveli, verc gamovarkvevT da verc SevbedavT,
vTqvaT, vkiTxoT vinmesa, wigns Tu kiTxulobo, vera, ver SevbedavT, ise SemogvZaxebs: `ras
brZanebT, batono!~ _ ise SemogvZaxebs, dagvefanteba sxva ram kiTxvani, ise SemogvZaxebs, TiTqos
marTlac ro bevrsa kiTxulobdes, TiTqos xelidan wigns ar gaagdebdes; ver gamovarkvevT Tu
isea, ro ampartavneba mometebula, cota sicruec mometebula, ver gamovarkvevT raRa Tqma
unda Tu isea raRa Tqma unda; isev varaudi Tu mogveSveleba, gamocdileba Tu mogveSveleba,
dakvirveba Tu mogveSveleba, Cveni cxadia, da ganvsazRvravT rogorme, varaudiT ganvsazRvravT
rogorme, bevri ro araa mkiTxveli CvenSi, xolo is mainc ufro cotaa, mwerals rom unda, mwe-
rals ro sWirdeba, mwerlobaze ro izemoqmedebs, _ cotaa, cota; es ueWvelad gardauvalia, es
zemoqmedeba, es zegavlena mkiTxvelisa Cvens mwerlobaze, ise mwerali, marto, codoa, daekar-
geba Tvalsawieri da mogvianebiT TuRa gaimeorebs siaxleebsa literaturaSi, sadRac ukve ro
kiTxva
gacveTila;
TviTonvec miaRwevs ima siaxleTa, ara vgulisxmob, ro gadmoiRebs, Tumca esecaa, magram es
I Tavi
sxvaa, es cota gadavdoT, _ TviTonvec miaRwevs, oRond da mere raRa drosao Tu dagviandes?..
dagvianeba ufro xSirdeba, ufro da ufro, Tumca aseve iyo warsulSica, gadasjaWvoda erTime-
8
virjinia vulfi (1882_1941) _ ingliseli mwerali.
21
oresa zegavlenani literaturuli Tu kulturuli, yovelTvis ase gadasjaWvoda, uTviTmfri-
naodaca uteletaipodaca, aqlemebiTac gadasjaWvoda gadasjaWvoda da yovelTvis ase Suama-
valic mkiTxveli gaxldaT, moTxovniTac is moiTxovda, _ mkiTxveli uTuod saukeTeso, sauke-
Teso igulisxmeba, da problemac esaa CvenSi, sxvaganaca raRa Tqma unda, CvenSi mainc cota sxvag-
varia, da siZneleni Cveni mwerlobisa swored amas ukavSirdeba, am sxvagvarobas ukavSirdeba, _
erT SemTxvevaSi raRa Tqma unda;
oRond _
mainc esaa mosaniSni, sadaa mkiTxveli saukeTeso, sad unda vigulvoT?..
vTqvaT umaRlesi ganaTlebis pirni:
magram saqme aqac isea, rogorc ro mcodne werakiTxvisa ara gulisxmobs uTuod mkiTxvel-
sa, mxatvruli literaturis mkiTxvelsa cxadia, arc umaRlesdamTavrebuli ara gulisxmobs
uTuod mkiTxvelsa, arca xarisxebi samecniero, arca wodebani, _ ra dargisac ar unda iyos,
filologiuric ro aqve mivaTvaloT, _ ara gulisxmobs uTuod mkiTxvelsa; aqac isea, aqac mci-
rea, saukeTeso mkiTxveli mcirea, dabali mkiTxveli Tu susti mkiTxveli metia ufro, anTu
isevea, Tanafardoba iseTivea, rogorc ro sxvagana, sxva profesiebSi; Torem marTlac ro ise
iyos, yvela marTlac ro mkiTxveli iyos da mkiTxveli saukeTeso, arc wamoiWreboda problema
aseTi, anu advilad gadaiWreboda, oriode sityviT gadaiWreboda, ise imdenia diplomosani,
xarisxebica Tu wodebanic ise imdenia, didi erebis mwerlebic ro moinatrebdnen imden mkiT-
xvelsa, saukeTeso mkiTxvelsa cxadia, _ ise imdenia; SeiZleboda ricxvebic mometana, _ es ho
viciT da xSiradac gaismis, gaismis cxadia amayadaca, oRond varCie, cotac davicadoT, moima-
tebda usaTuoda da gamoqveyndeba albaT male, akademiis wliur krebazeda; es albaT Tu uTuod
didi ricxvebia, albaT Tu uTuod unda arRvevdes Tanafardobasa, Cveni xalxis ganawilebis
Tanafardobasa, saxalxo meurneobis yvela dargSi,
sazogadoebisaTvis ufro saWirosa da aucilebel dargSi Tu dargebSi, albaTameTqi Tu
uTuodameTqi, magram mwerlobisaTvis mainc iqneba sanugeSo da sasixarulo, bedniereba iqneba
mwerlobisaTvisa, is ricxvebi ro mkiTxvels udrides, pirdapira da proporciulada, _
saukeTeso mkiTxvelsa cxadia;
magram samwuxarod ase ar aris da Sexedulebani bevri imaTganisa, Sexedulebani Cvens li-
teraturaze, ekranis saSualebiT Tu gamomuSavdeba. aq ar igulisxmo, TiTqos ekrans ro wa-
erTmios mkiTxveli mwerlisaTvisa, ar igulisxmo da arc idao geTayva, radgan teleekranic
ro ar arsebobdes, ar ecodinebaT saerTod araferi Tu ra xdeba Cvens literaturaSi, ra donezea
mwerloba Cveni, arc ecodinebaT da arc miizidavT arc araferi; axla ekranuli suraTebi mainc
miizidavT, rogorc ro bavSvebsa naxatebiani wigni, _ iq, im doneze SeCerebulan, rogorc ro
mkiTxvelni mxatvruli literaturisa, mxolod da mxolod mxatvruli literaturisa,
vimeoreb dabejiTebiTa da RmerTma damifaros, sxva ram vigulisxmo, specialuri, samecniero
literatura ro vigulisxmo, _ iq SeCerebulan da ekranebs ro miusxdebian, Sin Setanil
ekranebsa, moigoneben bavSvobasaca da Tvlemen bavSvobaSi ekranebTana. aseT SemTxvevaSi egeb
moiZebnos ukeTesi mkiTxveli profteqnikur saswavlebelSi, _ egebao da arc gasakviria; ase
ro mkiTxveli mainc sul sxvaa, ar ganizomeba samecniero xarisxebiTa Tu wodebebiTa, ara da ra
viRonoT, ara da didad samwuxaroa;
asea da ras izam, _ arcTu moswavle axalgazrdobis ricxvi gamohxatavs mkiTxvelTa ricxvsa;
es ricxvic viciT, moswavle axalgazrdobisa, viciT, imatebs yovelwliurada, mkiTxvelTa ricxvi
kiTxva
Tan arc mihyveba SefardebiTa, ufro klebulobs, anTu gayinula, me ase mgonia: zogjer iseT
kurssac gadaveyrebodi institutSi, TiToorola Tu gamoirCeoda, umetesobas ar uyvarda wigni,
arc merxi uyvarda Tu ufro _ sZulda, oRond aq merxi mainc araferi, aq saqme wignia da sZulda
I Tavi
wigni, anTu SeCveva aRar SeeZlo, _ amitoma mgonia; didxans vaswavlidi umaRles skolebSi, sam
aTeul welze meti xania, ager aqamdis vaswavlidi da STabeWdilebani ar gamnelebia jeraca; visac
ro ar uyvarda wigni, jer isev maxsovs maTi saxeebi, Tvalwin midganan, visac uyvarda, isinic
22
midganan, iseve, merxebidan rogorc micqerodnen, da mcireni iyvnen, _ visac ro uyvarda, isini
metni, _ visac ar uyvarda, visac ro sZulda; ras ar vRonobdi, imaTTvis wigni ro Semeyvarebina,
rogorme mimeCvia, miuCvevelni raRa Tqma unda, miuCvevelni Tu gagareulebulni, ras ara
vRonobdi, magram kuriozebs ufro vawydebodi da sxvagvaradac ar iqneboda:
erTs, magaliTad, ` don kixoti” Zlivs wavakiTxe da isic mxolod qaris wisqvilebamdisa, ar
iqna da ara, veRar waiwia wina, me Cemi da iman Tavisio, naTqvami romaa, mainc gaitana Tavisi,
veRar waiwia wina;
erTic, magaliTad raRa Tqma unda, amyva didi mondomebiTa, rac ro vurCie, yvela moZebna, qva
gaapo da moZebna yvela wigni, yvela daiwyo da yvelasi waikiTxa pirveli gverdi, mxolod pirveli,
meore Cakeca, yvelasi Cakeca, ver gascda meoresa, da uwyvia egre, imedovnebs, wavikiTxavo; ar vici
Tu sjera, ar vici Tu scruobs, anTu sjera da ar mouxerxdeba, _ amdeni ar vici;
erTma waikiTxa `robinzon kruzo~9, waikiTxa TaviTbolomdisa, namusianad waikiTxa da amas
xuTi weliwadi movundi, me movundi xuTi weliwadi, mTeli periodi misi studentobisa; wa-
ikiTxa da suldgmulobs imiTa aqamomdisa: saxelovani maswavlebelia da amiTaa saxelovani,
`robinzon kruzoTi~, sasiamovno mosaubrea da amiTaa sasiamovno, `robinzon kruzoTi~, ga-
moCenili Tamadaa WirSica da lxinSica da amiTaa gamoCenili, `robinzon kruzoTi,~ mSvidi
kacia, wynari, auRelvebeli da amiTa, amiTaa, `robinzon kruzoTi~, TiTqos mTlianad Seuwo-
viao, amiTi azrovnebs, amiTi metyvelebs, magaliTebi aqedan moaqvs, sentenciebi aqedan moaqvs,
oRond eSmakobs, cotasa eSmakobs, ar asaxelebs `robinzon kruzosa,~ esaa da esa, an arca
eSmakobs, Seuwovia, gauTvisebia, Canergila masSi da aRar emeteba daniel defosTvisa, anTu
defo aRarc ro axsovs, anTu arc icis, avtori vinaa, arc icis da arc ekiTxeba; ra vuyoT mere!..
erTxel mainc Sevaxsene: `mag erTma wignma kacad gaqcia, hxedav!..~ vxedavo, momigo; ra iqnebodi,
cota meti ro wagekiTxameTqi; ès viqnebodi, _ momigo ase uyoymanoda, _ meti wigni arcaa
saWiro~, momigo mtkiceda, bejiTad momigo da ar avuxirdi, xumrobad CavuTvale, miT umetes,
ro TviT Jan-Jak ruso10 aRmerTebda `robinzon kruzosa~, Wabukobamde amaze meti arc araferi
unda waakiTxoT bavSvebso, ase brZanebda, oRond esaa, aman ro gauswro TviT rusosaca, arc
merea saWiro meti wignio; ver davujerebT, raRa Tqma unda, Torem icocxle, gadaiWreboda
problema mwerlobisa, mkiTxvelis problemac gadaiWreboda, ase advilada da saxeldaxeloda;
kuriozebi sxvac bevri Semxvda da sxvasac Sehxvedria raRa Tqma unda, magram da mainc sak-
virveli ufro is aris, saukeTeso axalgazrdoba Tu rogor aswrebs, wignic waikiTxos auareba
datvirTvis pirobebSi?.. ar vityvi, usargeblo datvirTvis pirobebSio. amas ar vityvi, _ mainc
rogor aswrebs, sakiTxavi esaa, sakvirveli esaa; skolaSic aswreben, umaRlesSica, saukeTesoni
raRa Tqma unda, da aswreben swored imitoma, gakvirvebas ro Tavi davaneboT, swored imitoma,
madli kiTxvisa ro dahyoliaT, niWi kiTxvisa ro dahyoliaT erTisityviTa, Taviseburi,
gansxvavebuli niWi, _ aq ixveweba gemovnebaca, xelovnebac aq ixveweba; esaa mkiTxvelTa zeda
safexuri anTu, ase vityvi: es iyos zeda safexurimeTqi, an Tunda baqani, umaRlesi baqani, sad
Tu advilad veravin ava, verca Tu brZanebiTa, verca Tu oqmiTa, rameTu sadRac rodi aRmarTula,
erTi adgili rodi misCenia, _ uxilavia da yvelgan gaSlila, uxilavia da TvalsaCinoa, Tu mo-
indomeb, gamoikribeba kidevaca, yoveli mxridan gamoikribeba, _ mecnierTaganaca, yvela dargis
mecnierTagana, yvela dargis muSakTaganaca, teqnikuri Tu sameurneo dargis muSakTagana, xe-
lovanTaganaca, moswavle axalgazrdobisganaca, mSromelTaganac, uxilavadac, gamoikribeba,
ava agreTve uxilavada, ava, aRzevdeba ima baqanzeda, ro ar mosCans da uZRvis mwerlobasa, ro
ukarnaxebs, ro ganagebs, moiTxovs metsa, metsa da metsa; diax, diax, moiTxovsmeTqi, mwerali
kiTxva
mkiTxveli gaxlavTmeTqi; da ro garTulda, vTqvaT, Tanamedrove qarTuli romani, ar CaiTvleba

es mwerlobis axirebada, es mkiTxvelis moTxovnilebaa, ima mkiTxvelisa, amaRlebuli gemovneba
ro gaaCnia da moepoveba erudiciaca imdeni, ara sWirdebodes ganmarteba yovel nabijzeda;
I Tavi
9
`robinzon kruzo~ _ daniel defos (1660_1731), ingliseli mwerlis romani. Targmnilia qarTulad.
10
Jan-Jak ruso (1712_1778) _ cnobili frangi mwerali da moazrovne.
23
aris kidev sxva mkiTxvelica, raRa Tqma unda, sadac ro Tqmula umaRlesi, udablesic iqve
Tqmula, amaT Sua safexurebica, _ aris da iyos, sasayveduro vis ra gaaCnia, gana imaTi Sesaferisic
ar iwereba?! iwereba!. da Tu cotaa, metic moxerxdeba, metica da kidev metica, oRond mainc nu
daviviwyebT, ers ro mainc is warmoaCens, xalxs ro mainc is warmoaCens, is didi da originaluri
literatura, amaRlebuli mkiTxveli ro brZanebs;
da _
daviviwyebT Tu ar daviviwyebT, problemac aqaa, problema mkiTxvelisa, CvenSi ro ufro
gamokveTila, gamorCeuli mkiTxvelis problema, isedac ro araa mravalricxovani, _ mkiT-
xveli cxadia, _ da kidev ro iSleba Tu iyofa: nawili ro gadaCveula qarTulad kiTxvasa, anTu
ver mihyveba Tavis mwerlobasa, sxvaTa literaturas ufro ro mihyveba; Tanxmobac aq irRveva:
moiTxovs da aRar inebebs, brZanebs da Sedegs ar moikiTxavs, anTu imedi gascruebia, erTxel,
odesRac gascruebia, sxvaTa mier gascruebia da ver moubrunebia guli, vera da veRara, _ sxva
ra mogaxsenoT, Tanxmobac aq irRvevameTqi; da mere zog mwerals is ufro aRelvebs, male ro
Targmnos sxvis enazeda, male waakiTxos Tavisiansa TargmanSi mainca, aRelvebs da Cqarobs,
Cqarobs da maSin aRara fiqrobs aRarca stilze, aRarca enaze, radgan TargmanSi yvela erTia,
mainc erTia; esaa problema Cveni mwerlobisa, Cveni mkiTxvelis problemac esaa; isic mogaxsene,
mwerali ro mkiTxveliameTqi, magram mkiTxveli mkiTxvelicaa, ras vizam, asea, mkiTxvelicaa;
da isRa rCeba Cvenda nugeSada, isRa nawili, mciredi nawili, Tan ro mihyveba fexdafexa
Cvens mwerlobasa, miuZRvis da Tanac mihyveba, brZanebs da moiTxovs, inebebs da ganicdis da
kidev ufro amaRlebuli qmnilebani sWirdeba, marTali da amaRlebuli.
da gavhyureb iseve casa,
da miwas Cavcqeri isev iseve;
Tu ar meTanxmebi, nu meTanxmebi, nu momwer mainca.
saubari
pirveli, rac oTar CxeiZis romelime teqstis kiTxvisas mogxvdebaT TvalSi, rasakvirve-
lia, aris misi stili. rogorc Tavadac darwmundiT, oTar CxeiZe marTlac mkveTrad gamorCeuli
eniT wers. imdenad gamorCeuliT, rom SeuZlebelia igi sxva romelime mweralSi agverios. am-
denad, oTar CxeiZis stilis dasaxasiaTeblad, cxadia, Zalian mniSvelovania misi teqstebis
enobrivi qsovilis analizi. oRond unda gvaxsovdes, rom mwerlis stilis Taviseburebasa da
ganumeoreblobas mxolod ena ar qmnis. arsebobs stilis originalobis ganmsazRvreli sxva
mniSvnelovani komponentebic. ai, ras werda amis Sesaxeb mwerali Tamaz bibiluri: `stili
TviT mweraliao _ amboben, magram albaT mxolod maSin, roca mwerali marTla imas wers, rasac
fiqrobs. iqneb stilis Taviseburebas swored mwerlis gulaxdiloba qmnis? Tu is marTalia
(da ar SeiZleba marTali ar iyos), rom yoveli adamiani ganumeorebelia, maSin mwerlis sruli
gulaxdiloba unda qmnides stilis gulaxdilobasac, anu Taviseburebas stilisa. magram arian
ki qveynad mTlad gulaxdili mwerlebi? gapatiebs ki garemo, sazogadoeba, tradicia amgvar
gulaxdilobas? ai, ramdeni dabrkoleba aRimarTa erTbaSad `sakuTari stilis~ Ziebis gzaze.
kiTxva
albaT amitom xdebodnen sakuTari stilis maZiebelni mudam damaSvralni, an sazogadoebisgan

gariyulni. arc marto garemo gansazRvravs mwerlis stils. SeiZleba erT sofelSi sami mwerali
gaizardos da samives Tavisi sakuTari stili gaaCndes. gamoucdeli mkiTxveli an zerele kri-
I Tavi
tikosi am samidan erTs Tu azidavs farze, ors ki mis epigonebad gamoacxadebs. gana gulSi
cudi ram udevs, ubralod imitom, rom nawarmoebis wakiTxva ar icis, garegnuli aqsesuarebi an
zedapiruli detalebi moatyuebs. Tu samive mwerlis moTxrobebSi xeladidan svamen Rvinos,
24 an zedaSe udgaT qvevrSi, venaxs ki mainc da mainc Tebervlis damlevs sxlaven, ityvis, samive
mwerali erTmaneTs hgavso. magram stili xom is ar aris, personaJs xelSi xelada uWiravs Tu
WinWila? mTavari albaT isaa, ra gvinda, ras ufro meti SemoqmedebiTi gaxelebiT vWvretT, ras
ufro ganvicdiT da ris mimarT varT gulgrilni. Tu me raime sentimentaluri istoria ufro
maRelvebs, albaT Cemi stilic (yovel SemTxvevaSi im nawarmoebSi) sentimentaluri iqneba. Tu
mkacri bunebis gmirze vwer, stilic ufro mkacria, da SeiZleba, monoliTuric gamovides. im
erT sofelSi gazrdili sami mwerlidanac, weRan rom vaxsene, erTi SeiZleba soflis Tavs
gadmomdgar ferdobze ijdes, meore _ Tavisi personaJis gverdiT idges da baravdes miwas,
mesame ki _ qalaqidan gansjides Tavisi soflis av-kargs. sofeli, cxadia, erTi hqondaT, stili
ki samgvari gamosula. stils mwerlis Tvalic gansazRvravs _ ras vxedavT gamorCeulad. kaci,
vinc Tavisi binis aivanze zis da mezoblebs gadascqeris _ xval romeli davasmino saxlmmarT-
velobaSio, me arafers meubneba, CemTvis ginda yofila, ginda ara. magram Zalze mainteresebs
Rame sasaflaos gzaze TxuTmeti wlis ymawvili, romelmac pirvelad unda Camoiyvanos SuaRa-
misas saZovarze gaSvebuli cxeni, gza ki swored sasaflaoze gadis. pirvelad SuaRamisas, sa-
saflaoze _ ramdeni ram SeiZleba ganicado am dros. kacia da guneba, me es ufro mainteresebs~.
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. mwerali jemal qarCxaZe erTgan wers: òdesRac iTqva da mere mravalgzis iqna gameo-
rebuli, rom yovel mwerals Tavisi sakuTari ena aqvs. es debuleba WeSmaritia da mxolod
is SeiZleba daematos, rom Tavisi sakuTari ena aqvs yovel mwerals, vinc enis is erTaderT
egzemplarad arsebuli saxe ipova, romelzedac misi saxeli iyo amoqarguli... enas uric-
xvi saxe aqvs. es uricxvi saxe uricxvi niuansebiT iqsoveba _ uricxvi ferebiT, uricxvi
xazebiT, uricxvi intonaciebiT, uricxvi SexamebebiT... meore mxriv, Cvenc, yovel Cven-
gans, Cveni xasiaTi gvaqvs, Cveni stili, Cveni feri, Cveni midrekilebani da Tu zustad
ar SeirCa Sesabamisoba, Tu harmonia ar damyarda enasTan, Tu zoma zomas ver davamTxvieT,
feri fers da mniSvneloba mniSvnelobas... Cven yalbi viqnebiT~.
mwerali naira gelaSvili wers: òTar CxeiZis stili es TamaSiseuli, artistuli sti-
lia... aCqareba aq ar gamogvadgeba... radgan iSviaTia aseTi jiuti teqsti, teqsti, romelic,
sakmarisia odnav aCqarde, da arafriT aRar wagakiTxebs Tavs: uceb daxvavdeba `zedmeti~
sityvebi. da rac ufro iCqareb, miT ufro veRar wadgam win nabijs: teqsti aiburd-dai-
burdeba da Txrobis gulisSemaRonebel xviarebSi gaixlarTebi. magram Tu nela, gu-
lisyurianad gahyvebi, mihyvebi, _ samudamod amoitvifreba Sens xsovna-cnobierebaSi
enis (Txrobis) xuroTmoZRvreba: setyvisa Tu grigalis, gvalvisa Tu verxvis, dasafla-
vebisa Tu gvelis gasrialebis CuqurTmebian-TaRebiani, monumenturi suraTebi, gaigeb
àmbavsac~ (imas Tu ra moxda), romelic isea Cagviristebul-ganzavebuli formaSi, rom
erTi wamiTac ar rCeba SiSvlad~.
kidev erTxel waikiTxeT, ras ambobs Tavad oTar CxeiZe sakuTar stilze da daaxasiaTeT
kiTxva
misi weris maneris Taviseburebani. yuradReba gaamaxvileT sintaqsze, leqsikaze, sxva

enobriv Taviseburebebze. bolos SeecadeT yvelaferi mTlianobaSi dainaxoT da argu-
mentirebulad gansazRvroT, Tqveni azriT, ramdenad Seesabameba avtoris mier SemoTa-
I Tavi
vazebul stils mis mier gamoyenebuli enobriv-gramatikuli konstruqciebi.
`saubarSi~ moyvanili T. bibiluris Tvalsazrisis gamoyenebiT SeecadeT oTar CxeiZis

stilis sxva Taviseburebanic gansazRvroT.
25
2. albaT SeamCnieT, rom oTar CxeiZis eses werilis forma aqvs. mwerals TiTqos viRacas-
Tan miwer-mowera aqvs gamarTuli da am weriliT mis morig SekiTxvas pasuxobs. Tqveni
azriT, ratom airCia mweralma saTqmelis gamoxatvis es forma? ra upiratesoba aqvs mas
sxva formebTan SedarebiT am konkretul SemTxvevaSi? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
detalebis xelovneba
oTar CxeiZe Tavis eses ase iwyebs: `mwerlobisas nurafers mekiTxebimeTqi, _ cas gavhyureb
da caze vfiqrob, miwas Cavcqeri da miwaze vfiqrob, mwerlobisas nuRar mekiTxebimeTqi;
axla mkiTxvelisas mekiTxebi, _
ra gipasuxo?
isev cas gavhyureb da isev miwas Cavcqeri, _
mainc raRac unda gipasuxo,
mainc ar momeSvebi,
keTili, davexsnebi casa da miwasa, mkiTxvelio da mkiTxveli iyos...~
damTavrebiT ki ase amTavrebs:
`da gavhyureb iseve casa,
da miwas Cavcqeri isev iseve;
Tu ar meTanxmebi, nu meTanxmebi, nu momwer mainca~.
cxadia, am esesTvis arc amgvari dasawyisia SemTxveviTi da arc dasasruli. Tqveni azriT,
ras gveubneba amiT mwerali?
teqstis analizi
1. arsebobs gamoTqma: risi Rirsicaa xalxi, mTavrobac iseTi hyavso. oTar CxeiZe am gamoT-
qmis perifrazs gvTavazobs, roca gveubneba _ risi Rirsicaa xalxi, mwerlobac iseTi
gaaCniao. imsjeleT am gamoTqmis Sesaxeb.
2. mwerlis azriT, mkiTxvelis moTxovnileba, gemovneba da erudicia gansazRvravs mwer-
lobis dones. rogor mkiTxvels gulisxmobs am SemTxvevaSi mwerali? saerTod, eTan-
xmebiT Tu ara am mosazrebas? ratom?
3. sad, sazogadoebis romel fenaSi, eguleba oTar CxeiZes saukeTeso mkiTxveli? eTanxme-
biT Tu ara mwerals?
4. sabWoTa saqarTveloSi garkveuli mizezebis gamo uamravi adamiani ZiriTadad rusuli
literaturis kiTxviT iyo dakavebuli da qarTulad TiTqmis aRar kiTxulobda. amitom,
mwerlis azriT, `problema mkiTxvelisa, CvenSi ufro gamokveTila, gamorCeuli mkiTx-
velis problema, isedac ro araa mravalricxovani, _ mkiTxveli cxadia, _ da kidev ro
iSleba Tu iyofa: nawili ro gadaCveula qarTulad kiTxvasa, anTu ver mihyveba Tavis
mwerlobasa, sxvaTa literaturas ufro ro mihyveba~. dafiqrdiT, ratom miaCnia oTar
CxeiZes es problema mniSvnelovnad? ras ityviT, dRes rogori mdgomareobaa am Tval-
sazrisiT?
5. teqstidan Cans, rom oTar CxeiZe didxans muSaobda umaRles skolaSi, amitom is, rasac
kiTxva
igi wignTan axalgazrdobis didi nawilis damokidebulebis Sesaxeb ambobs, gamocdile-

biT icis. monaxeT es epizodi da xelaxla waikiTxeT. mweralma es ese gasuli saukunis 80-
iani wlebis dasawyisSi dawera. Tqveni azriT, mas Semdeg Seicvala rame Tu ara am Tval-
I Tavi
sazrisiT?
6. waikiTxeT es abzaci. samuSao rveulSi cal-calke Tezisebis saxiT amoiwereT yvela is
sakiTxi, romlebic am epizodSia wamoWrili, raTa ufro gagiadvildeT maTi gaazreba.
26
`mTlad mTeli xalxi arc SeiZleba mkiTxveli iyos, _ daiRupeba xalxi, eri daiRupeba,
arc moxerxdeba, yvela erTnairi mkiTxveli gamodges,. kiTxvac unaria, niWia kiTxvaca,
mkiTxvelic niWia, rogorc mweralia niWi. gamoCenili ingliseli romanistis virjinia
vulfis azriT, kiTxva xelovnebaa, mkiTxvelic xelovania. xolo xelovnebas bevri ram
unda, Zalian bevri, dro unda bevri, sxva Tu araferi, unda agreTve RvTaebrivi madli,
pirvelyovlisa, RvTaebrivi mironi, niWi unda erTisityviTa, niWi gansakuTrebuli,
gamorCeuli, rogorc Tu gnebavT, poetisa rogorca, mwerlisa saerTod Tu fermwerisa,
rogorc musikosisa Tu msaxiobisa, rogorc momRerlisa Tu moqandakisa, _ gamorCeuli
da Taviseburi niWi, mwerlobis dones ro gansazRvravs, Tavisi xalxis mwerlobisa~.
Tvalsazrisi
cnobili germaneli mwerali herman hese (1877-1962) Tvlida, rom `wignebSi raRac macoc-
xlebeli, sulierad amamaRlebeli Zalaa Cadebuli~. gamodgeba Tu ara am azris sailustraciod
is ambavi, romelsac oTar CxeiZe daniel defos `robinzon kruzosTan~ dakavSirebiT gviyveba?
ratom? SeecadeT Tqveni Tvalsazrisi sxva magaliTebiTac gaamyaroT. davaleba SeasruleT we-
rilobiT.
kiTxva
I Tavi
27
rogor vweroT ese
Tqven ukve gagaCniaT eseebis weris garkveuli gamocdileba da imasac kargad xvdebiT, rom
rTulia calsaxad ganisazRvros am literaturuli Janris fenomeni. Cveni teqstis saTaursac
amitom dakravs erTgvari ritorikuli elferi.
eses, rogorc literaturuli Janris Camoyalibeba frangi moazrovnis miSel de montenis
(1533-1592) saxels ukavSirdeba. man Tavis wigns `les essais~ SeurCia saxelwodebad, rac qarTu-
lad `cdebs~ niSnavs. montenis Semdgom am literaturulma Janrma, rogorc stilisturi, ise
Sinaarsobrivi TvalsazrisiT bevri cvlileba ganicada sxvadasxva moazrovnisa da mwerlis
xelSi, magram erTi ram _ azrovnebis maneris subieqturoba da Tavisufleba _ ucvlelad Sei-
narCuna.
eses werisas is Temebi da problemebi unda SeirCes, romlebic adamianis azrovnebas fiq-
risa da gansjisaken mimarTaven. weris procesSi SegiZliaT imsjeloT Tqvens asociaciebze,
grZnobebze, pirad dakvirvebebze da STabeWdilebebze ama Tu im sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. mniS-
vnelovania ara dawvrilebiTi aRwera da ganxilva konkretuli detalebisa, aramed sakiTxis an
problemis farTo konteqstSi gaazreba.
eses ena mkiTxvelisaTvis gasagebi da advilad aRsaqmeli unda iyos. sasurvelia moeridoT
specifikuri da specialuri terminologiis Warbad gamoyenebas. weris procesSi gamokveTeT
ZiriTadi problema da am problemasTan dakavSirebuli sxvadasxva mosazrebebi. sakuTari Tval-
sazrisi daasabuTeT sxvadasxva poziciidan. SeecadeT mokled da lakoniurad CamoayaliboT
Tqveni ZiriTadi saTqmeli.
rogorc Sinaarsobrivi, ise struqturuli TvalsazrisiTac ese Tavisufal literaturul
Janrs miekuTvneba (ix. danarTi #1).
am saxelmZRvaneloSi qarTveli Tu ucxoeli avtorebis mier Seqmnil mraval eses gaecno-
biT, magram TqvenTvis albaT saintereso unda iyos Tavad eses fuZemdeblis gulwrfeli wigni-
dan (ase uwodebda monteni Tavis Txzulebas) erTi mcire fragmentis gacnoba. imedia, es epizodi
mravalgvari daskvnis gamotanis saSualebas mogcemT eses, rogorc Tavisufali formis mqone
literaturuli Janris Sesaxeb da davalebebis Sesrulebisas garkveuli saxis daxmarebasac
gagiwevT.
daakvirdiT, warmodgenil fragmentSi monteni, faqtobrivad, Tavis weris maneras axasia-
Tebs. kargi iqneba Tuki am monakveTis Sesaxeb Tqvens Tvalsazriss erTmaneTs gauziarebT.
`mavanni da mavanni adamians qmnian, me ki mxolod mogiTxrobT mis Sesaxeb, mis pirovnebas
aRvwer... me rom misi Tavidan gamoZerwva SemeZlos, rac marTalia, marTalia _ sruliad sxvagva-
rad Sevasrulebdi am saqmes. magram yovelive ukve aRsrulebulia da amaze fiqric nagvianevia.
Cemi naxatis Strixebi WeSmaritebas arafriT amaxinjeben, Tumca gamudmebul cvlilebas ki
ganicdian. Tavad qveyanac xom _ maradiuli saqanelaa. yovelive rasac igi Tavis TavSi moicavs _
ganuwyvetliv irweva.
Cem mier aRweril sagans iseTad aRvwer, rogorc im wuTSi vxedav... moZraobaSi... unda gvax-
sovdes, Cemi monaTxrobi garkveul Jams Seexeba _ me xom SeiZleba ucbad Sevicvalo... Cems nawe-
rebSi ki sagani zustad ise aRinusxeba, rogorc oqmSi _ zogjer erTmaneTis sapirispirodac.
cvalebadobis mizezi xan CemSivea, xanac gansxvavebul situaciaSi _ ris gamoc sxvadasxvagvarad
warmoCndebian sagnebi, anda im gansxvavebul TvalsazrisebSi, romliTac mivudgebi xolme am
sagans. da ai, gamodis, rom zogjer Cemsave Tavs vewinaaRmdegebi, WeSmaritebas ki _ arasodes...
kiTxva
mxolod Cemsave Tavs~.

montenis am mcire teqstTan erTad warmogidgenT daaxloebiT Tqveni Tanatolebis mier
I Tavi
daweril eseebs.
28
es moxda rok-en-rolamde
`TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi~1 im mcireoden wignTa ricxvSi Sedis, romlebic minda, rom sul vi-
kiTxo da vikiTxo, ar hqondes bolo da aRarasdros davamTavro kiTxva. marTalia, didad nakiTx
adamianad Tavs namdvilad ver miviCnev, magram saqmec swored amaSia: ginda nakiTxi iyo, ginda
ukiTxi da gindac cotaTi nakiTxi _ rogoric ar unda iyo, vinc ar unda iyo da ra droSic ar
unda cxovrobde `TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi~ aucileblad mogewoneba! da Sesabamisad _ yvela mwerali
selinjeriviT rom werdes, mec zustad iseTi nakiTxi viqnebodi, rogorebic wignebis mkiTxve-
lebi arian.
sami-oTxi wlis win, erT mSvenier dRes (maSin iseTi maRali sicxe mqonda, rom albaT is dRe
CemTvis sulac ar iyo mSvenieri) gavxdi avad; hoda, sawolSi Cems dasasaqmeblad wigni SemomaCe-
Ces xelSi _ waikiTxe, ar arsebobs rom ar mogewonoso. ratom unda damejerebina (sul ase mat-
yueben)?! wignis danaxvaze sicxem ori-sami gradusiT amiwia, magram, roca eqvsi-Svidi sityva
CavikiTxe da mTxrobelma Tqva, devid koperfildiviT2 ar vapireb Tavi SegawyinoTo, mivxvdi,
rom marTla arsebobda wigni, romelic SemeZlo mekiTxa. mekiTxa uSuqobaSi, sicxians, Tanac
ise, rom ar gamxseneboda saWmeli, tualeti, televizori, telefoni, sarke; mokled, usaqmurs
dagakavebda da dakavebuls _ saqmes mogwyvetda. aRtacebuli vkiTxulobdi, vicinodi, megona
raRac aRmoCena gavakeTe da ise momwonda, rom ar vicodi, CemebisTvis emociebi rogori sit-
yvebiT gadmomeca, amitom yovel wuTas veZaxdi, vukiTxavdi, mindoda, rom yvelasTvis momeyola,
yvelas waekiTxa da yvela gagiJebuliyo. amitom roca gamovjanmrTeldi da wavedi skolaSi,
mTel klass vamcne `TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi~ Sesaxeb. ramdenimem icoda. maxsovs erTma miTxra, roca
im adgilas mivedi, sadac holdeni ambobs pacifisti3 varo, erT RameSi davamTavre kiTxvao.
mokled, yvelas Sevatyobine selinjeris arseboba. mere cotaTi eWvianoba daviwye _ vicodi,
rom gogoebs holdeni SeuyvardebodaT, biWebi Tavs miamsgavsebdnen da yvela sakuTar TavSi
patara holdens aRmoaCenda _ es albaT imitom, rom me TviTon damemarTa ase! an dRiurebis
weras daiwyebdnen...
wignSi ramdenime iseTi adgilia, romelmac gansakuTrebiT Semayvara Tavi: ai, is, holdens
rom ainteresebs, centralur parkSi, roca tba gayinulia, ixvebi sad midian da niu-iorkis
yvela taqsists rom ekiTxeba da mere am taqsistebis reaqciebi; holdenis Zmis _ elis ambavi;
misi beisbolis xelTaTmani _ leqsebs rom awerda zed mwvane melniT, imitom rom, roca moedanze
saqme ar eqneboda, damjdariyo da ekiTxa _ sevdiani adgilia da Zalian Tbili; kidev jein gala-
heri, romelTan xelCakidebuli holdenisTvis sulerTia xelebi gauofliandeba Tu ara da
saerTod, am jein galaheris arseboba; kidev kino rom ezizReba da Teatri, Tumca ambobs, rom
Teatri kinosaviT saSineli mainc ar aris, ubralod msaxiobebi sZuls _ scenaze namdvili ada-
mianebiviT arasdros iqcevian, mxolod TviTon fiqroben, rom aseao. gamonaklisebs odnav ga-
mosdiT, magram ician, rom kargad TamaSoben da es ukve afuWebs saqmeso, ser lorens olivie4
mohyavs magaliTad. TviTon ki `hamletSi~5 marto is scena moswons, roca ofelia ipranWeba. is
adgilic miyvars, monazvnebs rom Sexvdeba, Tavis das; Cemodnebze garTuleba, Wvavis yanaSi
TamaSi da ra vici, ra aRar! _ ase rom gavagrZelo, mTeli wignis _ pirvelidan bolo gverdamde
gadmowera momiwevs, amitom Tu tkbilad gagaxsendaT, jobia TviTon gadaikiTxoT.
gasakviri ar aris, rom meoredac momindeboda `TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi~ wamekiTxa; es axla,
ramdenime Tvis win gavakeTe, Tan inglisurad wavikiTxe, amjerad ufro didi viyavi da ufro
`zogadi daskvnebi~ gamovitane; roca gavige, rom wigni 1951 wels iyo gamocemuli, mTlad ga-
davirie; TiTqos yvelaferi ucvleli iyo: slengi6, Tineijerebi, ufrosebi da es yvelaferi
kiTxva
1
`TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi~ _ amerikeli mwerlis jerom selinjeris romani, romlis fragmentebsac II TavSi
waikiTxavT.
I Tavi
2
devid koperfildi _ Carlz dikensis (1812_1870), ingliseli mwerlis amave saxelwodebis romanis gmiri.
3
pacifisti (laT.) _ adamiani, romelic uars ambobs saomar moqmedebebSi monawileobaze da ilaSqrebs
yovelgvari omis winaaRmdeg.
4
ser lorens olivie (1907_1989) _ ingliseli msaxiobi, reJisori, prodiuseri.
5
`hamleti~ _ uiliam Seqspiris (1564_1616), ingliseli dramaturgis tragedia. Targmnilia qarTulad.
29
naxevari saukunis win, jer kidev maSin, roca rok-en-rolic ki ar arsebobda! hoda mec ganvacxa-
de, rom zustad es iyo namdvili xelovneba, namdvili mwerali. marTla magari nawarmoebi!
ana mayaSvili
siyvarulis mona
siyvaruli yoveli Cvenganis macocxlebeli Zalaa. Tumca is yovelTvis ar aris bednierebis

momtani. ramdenadac tkbili SeiZleba iyos siyvaruliT SeniRbuli iluzia, imdenadve mware
SeiZleba aRmoCndes simarTle. rodesac vinme Zlierad gviyvars, Znelia, obieqturad SevafasoT
igi. xSirad ar gvsurs CavwvdeT sayvareli adamianis uaryofiT Tvisebebs da gavaanalizoT yo-
velive. aseT `brma~ siyvaruls ki, umetes SemTxvevaSi, arc Tu saxarbielo situaciamde mivya-
varT. ramdenad Zlieradac ar unda gviyvardes adamiani, ar SeiZleba misi gandideba, `gaRmer-
Teba~, radgan aseTi siyvaruli monebad gvaqcevs. siyvarulis mier damonebuli adamiani ki kar-
gavs analizis, sworad Sefasebis unars, xdeba uintereso da naklebad mimzidveli. amitom unda
SegveZlos, rom rCeuli gviyvardes iseTi, rogoric aris. Tavisi dadebiTi da uaryofiTi Tvi-
sebebiT. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, Cvens `brma~ siyvaruls SeiZleba iseTi dasasruli hqondes,
rogoric niko lorTqifaniZis moTxrobis _ `qorwilis~7 gmiris _ qeTos siyvaruls aqvs.
rogorc ukve aRvniSne, siyvarulis meSveobiT meore adamianis Secnoba sakmaod rTulia.
xSir SemTxvevaSi gvirCevnia Tvali davxuWoT sayvareli adamianis naklovanebebze da mxolod
misi Rirseuli mxare, an Cveni fantaziis mier Seqmnili idealuri pirovneba, fantomi8 Seviyva-
roT. aseT SemTxvevaSi warmoudgenelia, SevicnoT Cveni siyvarulis obieqti. Tumca, meore
mxriv, arseboben adamianebi, romlebsac, didi siyvarulis miuxedavad, aqvT sworad gansjis
unari da SeuZliaT TavianTi rCeulis obieqturad Sefaseba.
ase rom, siyvaruli saxifaTo ram aris da amitom xSirad dafiqrebaa saWiro. mas didi bed-
nierebis garda didi ubedurebis motanac SeuZlia.
nata gverdwiTeli
Tbilisis 21-e sajaro skolis XI klasis moswavle
siyvarulis niWi
qeTo n. lorTqifaniZis novelis `qorwilis~ mTavari gmiria. misi gamarTleba TiTqos Se-
uZlebelia... magram, Sevecdebi...
qeTo Sori mxridan gamoTxovili qalia _ metyvelebs aRmosavlur dialeqtze, moqmedeba
ki imereTSi xdeba. misTvis beso yvelaferia...
me qeTos siyvaruli besos mimarT aRviqvi, rogorc adamianis siyvaruli sicocxlis mimarT...
mas uyvars beso _ mas uyvars sicocxle.
mas unda beso _ mas unda sicocxle.
beso misia, misi kuTvnilebaa, iseve rogorc TiToeuli adamianisaTvis _ sakuTari sicoc-
xle. aki SeSlili qeTo dausruleblad imeorebs: Cemia, Cemia...
amitomac qeTosTvis beso kerpi ar aris... ufro metia... sicocxlea.
kiTxva
amitomac qeTos siyvaruli brma ar aris...

mas sakuTari xedva aqvs `Taviseuli~ siyvarulis mimarT... es aris siyvarulis niWi, romelic
yvela adamianSi ar moipoveba...
I Tavi
6
slengi _ sityva an gamonaTqvami, romelsac garkveuli wris adamianebi xmaroben.
7
niko lorTqifaniZis (1880_1944) `qorwili~ meaTe klasSi iswavleT.
30 8
fantomi _ ucnauri, fantastikuri movlena, moCveneba.
mimaCnia, rom is siyvarulia Zlieri da uangaro, roca giWirs an, saerTod, ar SegiZlia
pasuxi gasce kiTxvas _ ratom? ratom giyvars? es xom igivea, pasuxi gasce kiTxvas, ratom giyvars
sicocxle?..
Cemi azriT, pasuxi erTia _ miyvars da minda. ratom minda da miyvars? _ ar vici!!!
ratom uyvars qeTos beso? _ uyvarda da morCa. masTan iyo dakavSirebuli uxilavi ZaliT,
roca egona, beso mokvdao, mokvda Tavadac...
misi fizikuri arseboba arafers warmoadgens... is uxilavi Zala, romelic besosTan akavSi-
rebda xilulma, uxeSma Tokma Secvala.
Cemi azriT, qeTo msxverplia siyvarulisa, es siyvaruli ki sicocxlis siyvarulia, xolo
sicocxlis konkretuli xorcSesxmuli simbolo aris beso...
amitomac Sevecade gamemarTlebina qeTo... ar meTanxmebiT?
nino janeliZe
quTaisis me-17 sajaro skolis X klasis moswavle
danarTi #1-is wakiTxvis Semdeg yuradRebiT daakvirdiT warmodgenil eseebs.
gansazRvreT, eses romel tipologiur da Sinaarsobriv saxeobas miekuTvneba TiToeuli

maTgani. Tqveni Tvalsazrisi CamoayalibeT Tezisebis saxiT.
SeafaseT, rogor aris SerCeuli saTaurebi.
kiTxva
I Tavi
31
§ III
avtoris Sesaxeb
literatori, germanisti, Tbilisis universitetis profesori, rezo

yaralaSvili Tavisi garegnobiT sabWoTa profesors naklebad hgavda. im
droisaTvis jinsebsa da sportul qurTukSi gamowyobili profesori
ucnaur STabeWdilebas tovebda... TiTqos esec erTgvari protesti iyo
imdroindel sulisSemxuTvel realobaSi...
mas Zalian mZime bavSvoba hqonda. papamisi dedis mxridan erT dros
rezo ganTqmuli germanuli skolis direqtori gaxldaT. rezo bavSvobaSive
yaralaSvili Seeswro dedis mxridan yvela naTesavis dapatimrebasa da gadasaxlebas.
1940_1989 dedac daupatimres. didxans udedod izrdeboda. aman samudamo kvali
`rezo yaralaSvi-
daaCnia mis pirovnebas...
li evropuli mas-
Stabis literatu- universitetSi an mis siaxloves xSirad SexvdebodiT rezos ko-
raTmcodne gax- loritul figuras. maRali, mxarze CanTagadakidebuli, swrafi, energiuli
ldaT. misi ro-
nabijiT TiTqos sadRac miqroda da zogjer xeliT unda SegeCerebina,
gorc mkvlevaris
interesTa sfero masTan saqme Tu gqonda. maSin Tbili da moridebuli Rimili gaunaTebda
ar Semofarglu- saxes, yuradRebiT mogismenda, girCevda, gagesaubreboda. magram Tu
la mxolod ger-
daukvirdebodi, misi arsebis raRac nawili, ZiriTadi nawili, TiTqos calke
manulenovani li-
teraturiT. igi rCeboda Caketili, gulCaTxrobili, sevdiani...
sainteresod wer- igi erTgvarad mis usayvarles mwerals herman heses damsgavseboda
da aRmosavlur
TiTqos, ar uyvarda sazeimo Tavyrilobebi, sajaro gamosvlebi, presis
kulturazec.
furclebze iaffasiani popularobis moxveWa...
aleqsandre gvaxaria
nodar kakabaZe
rezo yaralaSvili
mxatvruli nawarmoebis aRqma
I
cnobili WeSmaritebaa, rom kargi mkiTxveli iseTive iSviaTi movlenaa, rogorc kargi mwe-
rali. magram albaT iSviaTad SexvdebiT adamians, Tavis Tavze rom Tqvas, veraferi mkiTxveli
varo. eWvs aravisSi iwvevs, rom musikaluri nawarmoebisa da mxatvrobis aRqmisTvis adamians
sul cota smena da TvalTaxedva esaWiroeba. Tu kacs ara aqvs smena, is, raRa Tqma unda, srulyo-
filad ver aRiqvams verc SostakoviCis1 simfonias da verc gurul krimanWuls, Tu igi mwvane
da lurj ferebs urevs erTmaneTSi, verc ferweruli tilos aRqma eqneba srulyofili. lite-
raturuli nawarmoebis mimarT ki ratomRac igulisxmeba, rom igi yvelasTvisaa misawvdomi
kiTxva
ganurCevlad imisa, gaaCnia Tu ara adamians wignis kiTxvisTvis saWiro Tvisebebi. Tumca yvela
adamiani, ra Tqma unda, erTnairad ver gamoavlens fantazias, emociur mgrZnobelobas, inter-
I Tavi
pretaciis unars da sxva samkiTxvelo Cvevebs, ris gamoc mxatvruli nawarmoebis aRqmis xarisxi
sxvadasxva mkiTxvelisTvis gansxvavebuli iqneba.
32 1
dimitri SostakoviCi (1906_1975) _ rusi kompozitori.
wignis kiTxvis unari, ra Tqma unda, musikaluri smenisa ar iyos, nawilobriv Tandayolili
SeiZleba aRmoCndes da albaT xelovnebis didi interpretatorebi, upirveles yovlisa, RvTis
niWiT dajildoebuli adamianebi arian. magram meore mxriv, arc aravis mogveTxoveba ma-
incdamainc literaturis rixterebi2 da paganinebi3 viyoT. Tumca kulturuli mkiTxvelis-
Tvis saWiro Cvevebis gamomuSaveba, Tuki survili gveqneba, yovel Cvengans SeuZlia. winamdebare
werilSi Sevecdebi aRvwero mkiTxvelis mier mxatvruli teqstis aRqmis zogierTi Tavisebu-
reba, romelTa gaTvaliswinebac SeiZleba sasargeblo aRmoCndes mxatvruli literaturis ama
Tu im damwyebi mkiTxvelisTvis.
II
rodesac mkiTxveli wigns iRebs xelSi, mis pirvel moTxovnas nawarmoebisadmi moTxrobi-
li ambis `namdviloba~ unda warmoadgendes, vinaidan mxatvruli nawarmoebis damajereblo-
bis, misi namdvilobis iluziis gareSe gasaubreba avtorsa da mkiTxvels Soris ver Sedgeba.
amitomac saTxrobi ambis namdvilobaSi erTnairad unda iyvnen dainteresebuli rogorc mwe-
rali, aseve misi mkiTxvelic. kiTxvis procesSi namdvilobis iluzia imaSi hpovebs gamoxatu-
lebas, rom mkiTxveli warsulSi momxdar ambebs yovelTvis aRiqvams rogorc awmyos.
namdvilobis iluziis Seqmna didadaa damokidebuli mkiTxvelis specifikur ganwyobaze.
mkiTxvelis cnobierebaSi wignTan kontaqtis momentSi xdeba erTgvari gadarTva, romlis meS-
veobiTac igi nawarmoebSi moTxrobil ambebs aRiqvams, rogorc garkveul realobas, e. i. ro-
gorc namdvilad arsebuls.
mkiTxvelma SesaniSnavad icis, rom es realoba ar aris igiveobrivi empiriuli realobisa4,
magram amave dros is arc mxolod SeTxzuli da mogonili ambavia, aramed garkveuli saxis rea-
loba da sinamdvilea.
maSasadame, mkiTxvelis mier mxatvruli teqstis aRqmis pirvel safexurs warmoadgens
mkiTxvelis gamoTiSva realuri sinamdvilidan da misi cnobierebis gadarTva mxatvrul sinam-
dvileze. mxatvruli saxe iseTi siZlieriT moqmedebs mkiTxvelis cnobierebaze, rom amoag-
debs individs empiriul samyaroSi arsebobidan da misive fantaziis ZaliT Seqmnil warmosax-
viT sinamdvileSi gadaiyvans.
Tavis droze goeTes uTqvams: ìciT, rogor mkiTxvels vinatrebdi? iseTs, romelic mec,
Tavis Tavsac da mTel samyarosac daiviwyebda da mxolod Cems wignSi icocxlebda~. amrigad,
rogorc vxedavT, sinamdvilis daviwyeba goeTesac mxatvruli komunikaciis mniSvnelovan wi-
napirobad miaCnda.
sinamdvilis daviwyeba mxolod kiTxvis procesSi ar iCens Tavs. filmis yurebisas mayu-
reblis ganwyobaze keTilismyofel gavlenas axdens kinodarbazis sibnele, vinaidan igi asus-
tebs adamianis kontaqts garesamyarosTan da xels uwyobs cnobierebis gadarTvas mxatvrul
sinamdvileze. daaxloebiT analogiur movlenasTan gvaqvs saqme literaturuli nawarmoebis
aRqmisasac. goneba aqac TiTqos fardebiT Semoifargleba xolme garesamyaros mimarT da mxo-
lod mxatvruli sinamdvilis xatebs aRiqvams. es `gonebis Cabneleba~ imdenad mniSvnelovani
faqtoria literaturuli komunikaciisa (rogorc aRqmiTi procesis, aseve Semoqmedebisa),
rom puSkins, rogorc cnobilia, uWirda dRe wera da magidas ZiriTadad saRamo Jams miujdeboda
xolme, rodesac sanTlis SuqiT mxolod qaRaldis furceli iyo ganaTebuli, mTeli oTaxi ki
kiTxva
sibneleSi iZireboda.
sibnelis garda `sinamdvilis daviwyebas~ da cnobierebis gadarTvas mxatvruli nawarmo-
ebis realiebze xels uwyobs mxatvruli sistemis organizaciis xasiaTic, rodesac mxatvruli
I Tavi
realiebi TiTqos CarCos msgavsi zRudiTaa gamoyofili realuri sinamdvilisagan.
2
sviatoslav rixteri (1915_1997) _ rusi musikosi.
3
nikolo paganini (1782_1840) _ italieli musikosi.
4
empiriuli realoba _ gare samyaro, romelsac grZnobis organoebiT aRviqvamT.
33
i. lotmans5 aRniSnul fenomenTan dakavSirebiT mohyavs ermitaJSi6 daculi ticianis7
`monanie magdalinas~ magaliTi, romelic ostaturad Sesrulebul mdidrul CarCoSia Casmuli.
CarCosa da ferweruli tilos kontrasts erTi SexedviT TiTqos komikuri efeqti unda
moexdina mayurebelze, vinaidan CarCoze naxevradgaSiSvlebuli da ulvaSebaprexili
mamakacebia gamosaxuli. magram araferi msgavsi ar xdeba. suraTis aRqmisas mayurebeli ar
aRiqvams mis CarCos, xolo rogorc ki yuradRebas xeze gamoTlil mamakacebze gadaitans, maSinve
suraTi iRebs CarCos funqcias da uCinardeba cnobierebidan.
igive viTarebaa literaturaSic. meTvramete saukunis TeatrSi umaRlesi aristokrati-
isTvis skamebi scenaze idgmeboda xolme, ise rom darbazidan mayurebeli msaxiobebTan erTad
am privilegirebul mayurebelsac xedavda. miuxedavad amisa, speqtaklis dawyebis Semdeg igi
mxolod piesaSi moqmed pirebs aRiqvamda, xolo scenaze msxdomi aristokratia `CarCos~ iqiT
rCeboda da ar aRiqmeboda mayureblis mier.
bevri mwerali sakiTxavad gankuTvnil literaturul nawarmoebSic xelovnurad cdilobs
msgavsi CarCo Seqmnas, romelmac mxatvruli gamonagoni unda SemosazRvros garesamyarosgan.
am mizniT igi jer mTxrobels an msmenels warmoadgens xolme rogorc realur pirovnebas,
xolo Semdeg TviT ambavs auwyebs mkiTxvels. aseTi teqnikis magaliTebia bokaCos8 `dekameroni~,
Coseris9 `kenterberiuli moTxrobebi~, ilia WavWavaZis `glaxis naambobi~, herman broxis10 `mo-
axle qalis cerlines naambobi~ da mravali sxva. amave teqnikas SeiZleba mivakuTvnoT agreTve
romantizmis prozaSi eseoden gavrcelebuli gamomcemelTa winasityvaobani da nawilobriv
XVI I_XVI I I saukuneebis romanis vrceli saTaurebi, mokled rom gadmogvcemen Sesabamisi Tavis
Sinaarss da mosaTxrobi ambis aRsaqmelad rom gvamzadeben. magram unda iTqvas, rom xelovnuri
CarCos Seqmna mkiTxvelis empiriuli realobidan gamoTiSvis da nawarmoebSi Setyuebis mizniT,
garkveuli azriT, sruliad zedmetia, vinaidan mkiTxvelis cnobierebis gadarTva mxatvrul
nawarmoebze Cveulebriv avtomaturad xdeba, rac mkiTxvelis adrindeli samkiTxvelo gamoc-
dilebiTaa gapirobebuli. magaliTad, sakmarisia wavikiTxoT `madam bovaris~11 pirveli wina-
dadeba, rom realuri garemo da realuri oTaxi, sadac vkiTxulobT wigns, sruliad gaqres
Cveni cnobierebidan da Tavi erT saklaso oTaxSi amovyoT. aseve sakmarisia waikiTxo `wiTeli
da Savis~12 pirveli abzaci, rom fantaziam realur-konkretuli garemodan aRmosavleT saf-
rangeTis patara qalaqSi `gadagiyvanos~, sadac `Tvalwin~ gadageSleba mTis ferdobze Sefeni-
li, wablis xis CrdilSi SeyuJuli, wiTeli kramitiT gadaxuruli Tavwvetiani saxlebi. amiT
Cven gadavdgamT pirvel nabijs da viwyebT mxatvruli teqstis aqtiur aTvisebas.
amrigad, `sinamdvilis daviwyeba~ da cnobierebis gadarTva mxatvrul sinamdvileze lite-
raturuli komunikaciis aucilebel winapirobas warmoadgens. magram mkiTxvelis interesi da
misi kontaqti SeTxzul samyarosTan am pirveli gadarTvis Semdegac ar unda Seneldes.
III
saerTod, adamianis fiziologiuri buneba, misi SegrZnebebi gacilebiT adre axdenen rea-
girebas gamRizianebelze, vidre misi inteleqti. amitom xelovneba, pirvel rigSi, aRmqmelis
grZnobebze unda moqmedebdes. igi ise unda iyos agebuli, rom mudam daZabulobaSi hyavdes
mkiTxveli. lesingis13 droidan cnobilia, rom literaturisTvis aseTia dinamikurobisa da
5
iuri lotmani (1922_1993) _ rusi literaturaTmcodne da kulturologi.
6
ermitaJi _ cnobili muzeumi peterburgSi.
kiTxva
7
ticiani (1477_1576) _ aRorZinebis xanis italieli mxatvari.
8
jovani bokaCo (1313_1375) _ aRorZinebis xanis italieli mwerali. misi `dekameroni~ Targmnilia
qarTulad.
I Tavi
9
jefri Coseri (1340_1400) _ ingliseli mwerali. misi `kenterberiuli moTxrobebi~ Targmnilia qar-
Tulad.
10
herman broxi (1886_1951) _ avstrieli mwerali.
11
`madam bovari~ _ frangi mwerlis gustav floberis (1821_1880) romani. Targmnilia qarTulad.
12
`wiTeli da Savi~ _ frangi mwerlis stendalis (1783_1842) romani. Targmnilia qarTulad.
34 13
gothold efraim lesingi (1729_1781) _ germaneli mwerali.
Seuwyveteli monacvleobis principi, rac mkiTxvelze dResac zemoqmedebis uZlieres, me vit-
yodi, magiur saSualebas warmoadgens. magram imisaTvis, rom am zemoqmedebam Sedegi gamoiRos,
mkiTxvels unda hqondes mxatvruli nawarmoebis dinamikis aRqmis unari, mas unda gaaCndes
literaturuli smena da garkveuli Cvevebi, reagireba moaxdinos teqstualur signalebze.
vinaidan dinamika mxolod daZabul siuJetSi ki ar vlindeba, aramed nawarmoebis stilSic, mis
arqiteqtonikasa da, saerTod, samyaros modelirebis xasiaTSic. mkiTxvelma Tavisi Tavi
Txrobis nakads unda dauqvemdebaros, igi unda Seecados sruliad ganzavdes nawarmoebSi da
mxatvruli sinamdvile erTaderT realobad miiCnios. am TvalsazrisiT mkiTxveli im Cinel
mxatvars unda mogvagonebdes, sakuTari mxatvrobiT monusxuli, misive suraTze gamosaxul
mTebSi rom gauCinardeba.
magram imisaTvis, rom kiTxvis procesi sworad warimarTos, saWiroa teqstisadmi meore
saxis mimarTebac, romelic, erTi SexedviT, TiTqos gamoricxavs pirvels. saqme isaa, rom mkiTx-
velis cnobiereba mxatvruli nawarmoebis aTvisebisas mainc yovel wuTs angariSs unda uwev-
des im garemoebas, rom saqme aqvs ara uSualod sinamdvilesTan, aramed warmosaxul realo-
basTan, SeTxzul ambavTan. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, yovlad dauSvebelia mxatvruli si-
namdvilis empiriul sinamdvilesTan aRreva da gaigiveba, radgan es sruliad Seuferebel re-
aqciebs gamoiwvevda. magondeba cnobili ambavi erTi mayureblisa, romelic aRSfoTebuli Sem-
zaravi sanaxaobiT, ekveTa repinis14 suraTs ìvane mrisxane da misi vaJi ivane~ da xanjali Casca
tiloze gamosaxul Svilismkvlel mamas.
mxatvruli nawarmoebis aRqmisaTvis aucilebeli ganwyoba, amrigad, or mxares unda Sei-
cavdes. mkiTxvelis cnobiereba ormag Sromas eweva: igi, erTi mxriv, mxatvrul sinamdviles
aRiqvams rogorc garkveul realobas, meore mxriv, ki eWvqveS ayenebs mxatvruli realobis
namdvilobas, vinaidan icis, rom misi wyaro empiriuli sinamdvile ki ar aris, aramed avtoris
warmosaxva. orive mxare erTnairad aucilebelia mxatvruli teqstis aRqmisTvis.
goeTe werda: `sami saxis mkiTxveli arsebobs: erTi, romelic gansjis gareSe tkbeba, meore,
romelic tkbobis gareSe msjelobs da saSualo, romelic tkbobisas msjelobs da msjelobisas
tkbeba~. samkiTxvelo ganwyobis erT_erTi mxaris ugulvebelyofa swored goeTes mier ga-
moyofil mkiTxvelTa pirvel or kategorias warmoSobs, xolo maTi sinTezi ayalibebs kva-
lificiur mkiTxvels, romelsac Seswevs nawarmoebis gagebis unari.
IV
arsebobs azrTa sxvadasxvaoba imis Taobaze, Tu ras gulisxmobs nawarmoebis gageba, e.i.
rodis SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom mkiTxvelma sworad gaigo igi. Tu adamianma SeiZina Teatris bi-
leTi, ar daigviana warmodgenaze da Semdeg miagno Tavis adgils darbazSi, Cven vityviT, rom
man sworad gaigo bileTze aRniSnuli teqsti. magram literaturuli nawarmoebis mimarT aseTi
erTmniSvnelovani kriteriumi ar arsebobs.
xSirad yofila albaT, rom Cveni mosaubre azrs gamoTqvams xelovnebis nawarmoebis Sesa-
xeb da survili gvebadeba vTqvaT: àm kacma ubralod veraferi gaigo~_o, Tumca man SeiZleba
zedmiwevniT zustad gadmosces nawarmoebis faqtobrivi Sinaarsi. meore SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba
ver daveTanxmoT mosaubres nawarmoebis SefasebaSi, magram SesaZleblad CavTvaloT masTan
kamaTi, vinaidan, Cveni azriT, man sworad gaigo nawarmoebi, magram ar gaiziara igi. aseT Sem-
TxvevaSi teqstis azrobrivi Sinaarsis gagebis TvalsazrisiT mosaubreTa Soris miRweuli iq-
kiTxva
neba erTi saerTo done. magram literaturuli nawarmoebis gageba gulisxmobs ara mxolod
faqtebis dones, aramed mTel nawarmoebs rogorc garkveuli Sinaarsis Semcvel models. jer
I Tavi
kidev Sua saukuneebSi icodnen, rom literaturuli nawarmoebis aTviseba safexurebrivad xde-
ba, xolo dante15 literaturis oTxmag Sinaarsze miuTiTebda. orive SemTxvevaSi igulisxme-
14
ilia repini (1844_1930) _ rusi mxatvari.
15
aligieri dante (1265_1321) _ italieli poeti, `RvTaebrivi komediis~ avtori.
35
boda, rom literaturuli nawarmoebis WeSmariti Sinaarsi siuJeturi ganviTarebis doneze ki
ar aris saZebni, aramed mis miRma.
nebismieri literaturuli nawarmoebi, rogorc iTqva, models warmoadgens. amdenad, Cven
mxolod maSin SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom adekvaturad aRviqviT da gavigeT nawarmoebi, rodesac
CavwvdebiT am modelis xasiaTs. xolo modeli vlindeba nawarmoebis siuJetis, tropebis, Txro-
biTi stilis, kompoziciisa da sxvadasxva kodebis erTobliobaSi, romelTa meSveobiTac mo-
wodebulia informacia.
nawarmoebi, erTi mxriv, TviTon iZleva saxelmZRvanelo miTiTebebs, Tu rogor unda iyos
igi wakiTxuli, xolo, meore mxriv, imisTvis, rom teqstma mkiTxvelis warmosaxvaSi adekvaturi
dakonkreteba ganicados, mkiTxvels unda gaaCndes Sesabamisi codnis maragi, romelic kiTxvis
procesSi reagirebas moaxdens teqstis signalebze da xorcs Seasxams mxatvrul sinamdviles.
Sesabamisad, rac ufro ganswavluli da mdidari erudiciis patronia mkiTxveli da dekodire-
bis rac ufro met xerxs flobs igi, miT ufro did informacis miiRebs is mxatvruli sistemidan
da modelis aRdgenis miT ufro meti SesaZleblobac eqneba. da piriqiT _ primitiuli adamiani
veraviTar informacias ver gamoitans teqstidan, xolo mcire raodenobis kodebis mcodnes
umetes SemTxvevaSi ar ZaluZs ucnobi modelis rekonstruqcia.
mxatvrul sistemaSi sxvadasxva saxis kodi SeiZleba gamoiyos.
1. pirvelia _ gamosaxvis saSualebaTa kodi, romelic literaturuli nawarmoebis enob-
riv mxares moicavs da mkiTxvelisgan enis codnas, stilistur TaviseburebaTa SegrZnebas, tro-
pebis gamoyenebis kanonzomierebaTa gaTvaliswinebas da sxva enobrivi niuansebis aRqmis unars
moiTxovs.
cnobilia, magaliTad, rom eqspresionizmis16 prozisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia urbanizmebis17
Warbi gamoyeneba, groteski, mravali Zaxilis niSani, artiklis uaryofa da arsebiTi saxelebis
mozRvaveba, damsxvreuli sintaqsi, daumTavrebeli winadadebebi, mZafri ritmi da sxva. yvela
am enobriv movlenaSi garkveulad vlindeba samyaros eqspresionistuli modeli, romelic,
marTalia, sxvadasxva avtorTan garkveul cvlilebas ganicdis, magram principSi mainc saerToa
am mimdinareobis yvela warmomadgenlisTvis. amitom yoveli Sesabamisi modelis aRdgena mkiT-
xvelis mxriv aRniSnul enobriv TaviseburebaTa intensiur SegrZnebasa da gaazrebas moiTxovs.
2. garda gamosaxvis saSualebaTa kodisa, SeiZleba gamovyoT agreTve Janruli kodi. li-
teraturis yovel Janrs gaaCnia mxatvruli masalis organizaciis Tavisi specifikuri kanonebi,
romelTa gaTvaliswinebac aucilebelia mkiTxvelisTvis. magaliTad, sruliad sxvadasxvagva-
rad axdenen samyaros modelirebas komedia da tragedia, novela da romani. amitom mcdeloba
imisa, rom erTi romelime Janruli kodiT moxdes dekodireba gansxvavebuli wesiT daSifruli
sistemisa, SeuZlebeli Tu ara, naklebad mizanSewonili maincaa, vinaidan aferxebs mkiTxvelis
mier Sesabamisi modelis aRdgenas.
3. mxatvruli nawarmoebis kiTxvis procesSi did rols asrulebs agreTve mkiTxvelis mier
kulturis kodis codna. dantes `salxinebelis~ sxvadasxva adgilas Caqsovili aqvs saeklesio
himnebisa da sagaloblebis calkeuli frazebi. fsalmunebi im dros eklesiaSi imRereboda da
yvelasTvis nacnobi da axlobeli iyo. amitomac poeti sruliad marTebulad Tvlida, rom sak-
marisi iyo moeyvana mxolod ramdenime sityva sagaloblis dasawyisidan, rom mkiTxvelSi re-
ligiuri eqstazi gamoewvia. am striqonebis zemoqmedeba mkiTxvelze droTa ganmavlobaSi, ra
kiTxva
Tqma unda, Sesustda, xolo `RvTaebrivi komediis~ kulturis kodis ucodinari mkiTxvelis-
Tvis saerTod nulamde davida. kulturis kodis ucodinarobas kidev ufro savalalo Sedege-
bic SeiZleba mohyves mkiTxvelisTvis, vidre nawarmoebis calkeuli Strixebisa da detalebis
I Tavi
aRuqmelobaa. magaliTad, mkiTxveli, romelic ar icnobs germanul klasikur literaturas da
16
eqspresionizmi _ modernistuli xelovnebis erT-erTi mimarTuleba, romelic warmoiqmna XX sau-
kunis pirvel naxevarSi. misi mimdevrebi umTavres amocanad Tvlidnen subieqturi gancdebis asaxvas.
36 17
urbanizmi _ modernistul xelovnebaSi: qalaqis gaidealeba.
saTanado epoqas, saerTod ver aRiqvams Tomas manis moTxrobis `mZime saaTis~ Sesabamis signa-
lebs da ver daadgens gmiris vinaobas. msgavsi magaliTebi kidev Warbad SeiZleba mogveyvana.
4. kulturis kods uSualod ukavSirdeba gamocdilebis, anu fsiqologiuri kodi, rac
agreTve literaturuli nawarmoebis aRqmis mniSvnelovan faqtorad unda miviCnioT. es kodi
gulisxmobs, rom mkiTxvels Tavad aqvs gancdili nawarmoebSi aRwerili movlenebi da rom is
SeZlebs kiTxvis procesSi am gamocdilebis gamoyenebas, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, Sesabamisi
pasaJebi mas aRuqmeli darCeba.
im adamianis warmosaxva, romelsac ar unaxavs Tovli an zRva, verasodes Seqmnis Sesabamis
xatebs. bavSvisTvis yovelTvis gaugebari iqneba mxatvruli nawarmoebis is scenebi, sadac
konfliqti sqesTa Soris eWvianobas efuZneba. mkiTxvels, romelsac sakuTar Tavze ar ga-
nucdia wamieri gasxivosneba, aRuqmeli darCeba `gamoRviZebis~ fenomeni18, ase did rols rom
asrulebs herman heses SemoqmedebaSi.
SeiZleboda kodis sxva saxeebic gamogveyo, magram vfiqrob, esenic sakmarisia imis saC-
veneblad, Tu raoden didi mniSvneloba eniWeba dekodirebis process nawarmoebis gagebis-
Tvis, Tumca unda iTqvas, rom CamoTvlili kodebis gaxsna TavisTavad jer kidev ver uzrun-
velyofs mkiTxvelis mier mxatvruli nawarmoebis gagebas. nawarmoebi gagebuli iqneba mxo-
lod maSin, rodesac mkiTxvelis cnobiereba dekodirebiT miRebul elementebs ise daakavSi-
rebs erTmaneTTan, rom amorfuli informaciis nacvlad moqmedi modeli warmoiqmnas.
literaturuli komunikaciis es daskvniTi faza ZiriTadad mxatvruli teqstis inter-
pretaciasTanaa xolme dakavSirebuli. amave dros literaturuli nawarmoebis aRqma is-
toriuli procesia, radgan xSirad yoveli epoqa xelaxla axdens nawarmoebis interpretacias
da sakuTar miznebs, moTxovnilebebsa da warmodgenebs uqvemdebarebs mas. nawarmoebis axali
gageba SeiZleba gansxvavdebodes tradiciuli gagebisgan, axal interpretacias SeiZleba
TiTqmis araferi hqondes saerTo winamaval interpretaciasTan, da miuxedavad amisa, mxat-
vruli nawarmoebis gageba SeiZleba orjerve iyos miRweuli.
saubari
Tu amgvari tipis teqstebis kiTxvis gamocdileba ukve gaqvT, maSin arc rezo yaralaSvi-
lis werilis gaazreba gagiWirdebodaT, magram Tuki pirvelad gixdebaT aseTi teqstis Ses-
wavla, ueWvelad igrZnobdiT garkveul sirTules.
patara eqsperiments Tu CaatarebT, uceb mixvdebiT, ra tipis sirTulesTan gaqvT saqme.
gaixseneT raime iseTi moqmedeba, romelsac TiTqmis daufiqreblad, meqanikurad asrulebT,
vTqvaT, rogor rTavT kompiuters, rogor SedixarT romelime programaSi da rogor muSa-
obT. es yvelaferi TqvenTvis Zalian iolia, magram Tu SeecdebiT es procesi Tanmimdevrulad,
swori da gamarTuli eniT aRweroT, ise rom, moqmedeba, romelsac ase swrafad da advilad
asrulebT, sxvebisTvisac gasagebi gaxdes, uceb aRmoaCenT, rom es arc ise ioli saqmea. xolo
Tu eqsperiments gaagrZelebT da Tqvens nawers sxvasac waakiTxebT imis Sesamowmeblad, ramde-
nad miaRwieT komunikacias, kidev ufro met sirTules waawydebiT. sityvebiT gadmocemuli
kiTxva
elementaruli moqmedebac ki rogorRac abstragirdeba, ucxovdeba da mis gasagebad garkveuli

inteleqtualuri Zalisxmeva xdeba saWiro.
axla warmoidgineT, rogori iqneba cnobierebaSi mimdinare isedac rTuli procesebis aR-
I Tavi
werilobis gaazreba. diax, es sirTule arsebobs da misi daZleva sxvadasxva teqstis aTvisebis
18
aRmosavlur religiebSi (induizmi, Zen-budizmi): adamianis gansakuTrebuli sulieri mdgomareoba,
roca igi wamierad Seicnobs samyaroSi arsebul winaaRmdegobaTa fundamentur erTianobas da eziareba
umaRles sibrZnes. saerTod, h. heseze didi zegavlena moaxdina TviTsrulyofis Zen-budisturma ideam.
37
dros sxvadasxvanairad SeiZleba. am SemTxvevaSi SegiZliaT sakuTari gamocdileba moiSvelioT.
raki mxatvruli nawarmoebebi aqamdec wagikiTxavT, e.i. werilSi aRwerili procedurebi nawi-
lobriv Tqvens cnobierebasac Seusrulebia, ubralod, SeiZleba, es yvelaferi ase naTlad ar
gqondaT gacnobierebuli. axla SesaZlebloba geZlevaT gaicnobieroT is, rasac aqamde mxat-
vruli nawarmoebis kiTxvis dros meqanikurad akeTebdiT.
davalebebi
teqstis analizi
1. rezo yaralaSvili wers: `mkiTxvelis mier mxatvruli teqstis aRqmis pirvel safexurs
warmoadgens mkiTxvelis gamoTiSva realuri sinamdvilidan da misi cnobierebis gadar-
Tva mxatvrul sinamdvileze. mxatvruli saxe iseTi siZlieriT moqmedebs mkiTxvelis
cnobierebaze, rom amoagdebs individs empiriuli19 samyarodan da misive fantaziis Za-
liT Seqmnil warmosaxviT sinamdvileSi gadaiyvans~.
gaixseneT, romeli mwerlis romeli nawarmoebis kiTxvis dros gangicdiaT yvelaze sru-
lad empiriuli samyarodan warmosaxviT sinamdvileSi gadasvla?
2. teqstSi monaxeT da kidev erTxel waikiTxeT is epizodi, sadac saubaria Cabnelebuli
kinodarbazis efeqtze. ras uwyobs xels es efeqti? rogoria Tqveni praqtika am Tval-
sazrisiT? èmpiriuli samyarodan warmosaxviT sinamdvileSi~ gadasasvlelad raime spe-
cialuri zomebis miReba gixdebaT Tu ara?
3. rezo yaralaSvili wers: `mxatvruli nawarmoebis aRqmisaTvis aucilebeli ganwyoba or
mxares unda Seicavdes. mkiTxvelis cnobiereba ormag Sromas eweva: igi, erTi mxriv, mxat-
vrul sinamdviles aRiqvams rogorc garkveul realobas, meore mxriv, ki eWvqveS aye-
nebs mxatvruli realobis namdvilobas, vinaidan icis, rom misi wyaro empiriuli sinam-
dvile ki ar aris, aramed avtoris warmosaxva. orive mxare erTnairad aucilebelia mxat-
vruli teqstis aRqmisTvis~.
gaixseneT irakli lomouris moTxroba `SemTxveva~. Tavis droze ukve visaubreT imis
Taobaze, rom garkveuli kategoriis mkiTxvelma es moTxroba arasworad aRiqva. mxat-
vruli nawarmoebis aRqmisaTvis aucilebeli ori principidan, romlis darRvevam ga-
moiwvia aseTi Secdoma? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
4. teqstSi moZebneT da kidev erTxel waikiTxeT, ras wers mkvlevari e.w. `CarCos teqnika-
ze~. gaixseneT sulxan-saba orbelianis `sibrZne sicruisa~. aris Tu ara aqac CarCos teq-
nika gamoyenebuli? pasuxi daasabuTeT. TviTonve SeecadeT gaixsenoT sxva iseTi nawar-
moebebi, romlebic amave teqnikis momarjvebiTaa dawerili.
5. ra Tqma unda, xelovneba pirvel rigSi adamianis grZnobebze axdens zemoqmedebas. mxat-
vruli nawarmoebi ise unda iyos agebuli, rom mudmivad daZabuli hyavdes mkiTxveli.
magram ra aris saWiro imisaTvis, rom es marTlac ase moxdes? teqstSi monaxeT da Tqveni
sityvebiT gadmoeciT am mosazrebis damadasturebeli epizodi.
kiTxva
6. didi germaneli mwerlis goeTes TqmiT, arsebobs sami saxis mkiTxveli:

_ is, vinc gansjis gareSe tkbeba;
_ is, vinc tkbobis gareSe msjelobs;
I Tavi
_ is, vinc tkbobisas msjelobs da msjelobisas tkbeba.

romel kategorias miakuTvnebT Tqvens Tavs? ratom?
19
èmpiriuli samyaro~ _ igivea, rac èmpiriuli realoba~ da gulisxmobs gare samyaros, romelsac
38
grZnobis organoebiT aRviqvamT.
7. mkvlevari wers: `nawarmoebi, erTi mxriv, TviTon iZleva saxelmZRvanelo miTiTebebs,
Tu rogor unda iyos mxatvruli teqsti wakiTxuli, xolo, meore mxriv, imisTvis, rom
teqsti mkiTxvelis warmosaxvaSi adekvaturad dakonkretdes, mkiTxvels unda gaaCndes
Sesabamisi codnis maragi, romelic kiTxvis procesSi reagirebas moaxdens teqstis sig-
nalebze da xorcs Seasxams mxatvrul sinamdviles. Sesabamisad, rac ufro ganswavluli
da mdidari erudiciis patronia mkiTxveli da dekodirebis rac ufro met xerxs flobs,
miT ufro did informacis miiRebs is mxatvruli sistemidan da modelis aRdgenis miT
ufro meti SesaZleblobac eqneba. da piriqiT _ primitiuli adamiani veraviTar infor-
macias ver gamoitans teqstidan, xolo mcire raodenobis kodebis mcodnes umetes Sem-
TxvevaSi ar ZaluZs ucnobi modelis rekonstruqcia~.
kargad gaiazreT es abzaci da samuSao rveulSi perifrazirebuli saxiT CaiwereT. Tuki
raime problema SegeqmnaT, TqvenTvis saintereso sakiTxi maswavlebelTan daazusteT.
8. SeiZleba Tu ara is midgoma, romelic aucilebelia giorgi merCules `grigol xanZTe-
lis cxovrebis~ adekvaturad aRsaqmelad, ucvlelad gamoviyenoT, vTqvaT, konstantine
gamsaxurdias `didostatis marjvenis~ sworad gasagebad? ratom? risi gaTvaliswinebaa
am dros aucilebeli?
9. rezo yaralaSvilis teqstidan samuSao rveulSi amoiwereT mxatvruli nawarmoebis
aRqmisTvis aucilebeli kodebis CamonaTvali. sakuTari gamocdilebidan gamomdinare
SegiZliaT romelime kodi daamatoT.
analitikuri komentari
warmogidgenT niko lorTqifaniZis, niko samadaSvilis, revaz inaniSvilisa da oTar WilaZis

teqstebs. Tqveni amocanaa:
1. gansazRvroT, dekodirebis romeli saxeoba unda gamoiyenoT TiToeul konkretul
SemTxvevaSi imisaTvis, rom SesaZlebeli gaxdes am teqstebis adekvaturi aRqma;
2. ganmarteT, romel teqsts romeli kodis momarjveba sWirdeba da ratom. davaleba
SeasruleT werilobiT. aseve SeavseT dekodirebis cxrilebi. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi
konsultaciisTvis mimarTeT maswavlebels.
nimuSi: nimuSad gTavazobT iakob xucesis nawarmoebis erTi epizodis sworad wakiTxvis
magaliTs. imisaTvis, rom gagiadvildeT davalebis Sesruleba, warmogidgenT dekodi-
rebis cxrilis Sevsebul nimuSsac.
wamebai wmidisa SuSanikisi
da moiwia dRei igi wodebisa misisai. da mouwoda episkopossa misisa saxlisasa afocs da
madlsa miscemda misa mimarT mowleobisa20 misisaTuis. viTarca mamasa da mamamZuZesa21 Semvedra
me, kaci codvili da glaxaki ese. da Sehvedrebda neStTa maT ZualTa misTasa ubrZanebda
kiTxva
dasxmad adgilsa mas, vinaica-igi pirvelad gamoiTries, da etyoda:

_ ukueTu Rirs raime var ukanaiskneli ese meaTerTmetei moqmedi venaxisai, iyveniT yo-
velni kurTxeul ukunisamde JamTa.
I Tavi
iakob xucesi
20
mowleoba _ mowyaleba, gulSematkivroba.
21
mamamZuZe _ gamzrdeli.
39
dekodireba
am fragmentis adekvaturad aRqmisaTvis, cxadia, saWiroa Zveli qarTuli enis Tavisebure-
bebis anu gamosaxvis saSualebaTa kodis gaTvaliswineba. gvWirdeba Tu ara Janruli kodi? iakob
xucesis mTlian teqstTan rom gvqondes saqme, maSin, cxadia am kiTxvis dasmac ki absurduli
iqneboda, imdenad cxadad vigrZnobdiT am kodis gaSifvris saWiroebas. magram amjerad, vfiq-
robT, amis aucilebloba ar arsebobs. am epizodis sworad aRsaqmelad mTavar problemas is
gviqmnis rom SuSaniki Tavis Tavs `venaxis ukanaisknel meaTerTmete moqmeds~ uwodebs. ras
niSnavs es gamoTqma? arc iakobis epoqaSi da arc mere, karga xnis ganmavlobaSi, `SuSanikis wame-
bis~ mkiTxvels am epizodis gasagebad problema ar Seeqmneboda, radgan maSin Zveli da axali
aRTqmidan aRebuli gamoTqmebi, mxatvruli saxeebi, igavebi Tu sakuTari saxelebi yvelasTvis
gasagebi iyo _ anu mweralica da mkiTxvelic daaxloebiT erTi eniT operirebdnen. magram dRes
Sesabamisi kulturuli kodis codnis gareSe am epizodis (iseve rogorc sxva mravalisa) sworad
gageba yovlad SeuZlebelia. mkiTxvelma unda icodes, rom maTes saxarebis me-20 Tavis 1_16
muxlebSi moTxrobilia igavi venaxis muSebsa da maT sazRaurze. venaxis patronma gasamrjelo
yvelas erTnairad gadauxada, imasac, vinc dilidan saRamomde imuSava da imasac, vinc mogviane-
biT daiqirava anu `meaTerTmete Jamis muSaks~. SuSaniki imeds gamoTqvams, rom isic `meaTerT-
mete Jamis muSakiviT~ iqneba Sewyalebuli RmerTis mier.
dekodirebis cxrili
teqstis avtori; gamosaxvis Janruli kultu- fsiqo- Tqven

saTauri saSualebaTa (enobrivi kodi ruli logiuri mier
mxare; stili; kodi kodi damate-
sxvadasxva enobrivi buli
niuansi;) kodi. kodi
iakob curtaveli _ _ _ _
* *
`wamebai wmidisa
SuSanikisi~
tragedia ugmiroT
Seugneblad daerida bavSebis sivils _ gamovida qoxidan... gadiara ezo... ugzo-ukvloT mi-
dioda. sadRac yanaSi Camojda qvaze. erTi fiqric ar Cndeboda TavSi... cal-calke sityvebi
gaielvebden naperwkaliviT: „Wadi“... „bavSebi“... „xari“... isev adga, jer Saragzas gayva, mere
orRobeSi Seuxvia: dauZaxa viRamac. mobrunda.
_ guSinwin rom mTxove fqvili, RmerTia mowame, ar mqonda; ai dRes qe maq cota, da naxevar
jams giziareb... oRond ar damRupo _ im paraskevs unda damibruno.
_ momeci! _ mokleT mouWra da Robes miadga.
_ am topsikas nu gamomigzavni. me TviTon wamoviReb...
adgilidan ar iZroda da xmasac ar iRebda.
_ ra dagemarTa, kaco?
_ araferi!
_ nu geSinia, RmerTi mowyalea, Cvenkenac moixedavs...
nela Semobrunda, uxmoT moSorda moxuc dedakacs _ Tavis naTlias, romelic gulSi fiq-
robda: Seni mteria, es naxevari jami fqvili ki davkarge... mara Cemi rZali mainc ar gaigebdes...
ras uSvelis, sawyals, naxevari jami?.. ex, RmerTo, RmerTo!
kiTxva
***
_ mama, fqvili moitane? _ axrialden bavSebi.
I Tavi
_ gvaWmev?
_ ki, Svilo, ki, biWo, _ eubneboda xan erTsa da xan meores.
bavSebs uTqmelaT mohqondaT fiCxi, anTebden cecxls, awyobden da asworebden kecebs.
mamam wuTSi mozila comi da gavarvarebul kecebs daakra; bavSebis mouTmenlobam moagona,
40 rom kargi iqneboda Wadebis gamocxobamdi maTi Tavidan moSoreba.
_ aba, biWebo, wadiT da bicola efrosines oxraxuSi gamoarTviT _ bevri aqvs, mogcemsT...
bavSebi gaiqcen.
Wadis sunma mamac aitaca. kecidan Wadi aiRo, gatexa, gasagrileblad dabera da „gasasinjaT“
lukma pirSi Caidva. mTel sxeuls ganuzomeli mada aReZra...
meore lukma...
swvavda enas da mainc sWamda.
bavSebi Semovarden.
_ momeci, mama!..
_ mec!..
_ gadiT, Tqve gasawyvetlebo!
_ mama, mama!!..
_ mama, erTi lukma!
bavSebi cali xeliT milaxa da lafaroSi gayara; iqedanac Tvalze cremlSemxmari bavSebi
ZaRlebiviT knaoden da iZaxden:
_ mama, gvaWame!
yuradRebas ar aqcevda. mere erTianaT CaimuWa pirSi bavSebis mier motanili oxraxuSi da wa-
vida... gadavida tevrSi... miwva... karga xans isvenebda garetianebuli, Tvalgaxiluli, mTvlemari.
wamoiwia, dajda.
bavSebis sivili moagonda...
me SevWame....
bavSebs araferi vaWame...
RmerTo, ra momivida?..
sircxvili!.. xalxs raRa uTxra?!. vai Tu daixocen...
adga, mivida bavSebTan...
Setruculi bJolis ZirSi migdebuliyven... eZinaT... mama miuwva. cremli SeCereboda wamwam-
ze. Tavs ikavebda: ar gavaRviZo mainc! ra vqeni! deda xom ar izamda!!.
umcross gamoeRviZa. gaukvirda, CaaCerda mamas.
_ mama!.. _ wynaraT daiwyo bavSma.
_ ra, Svilo? _ nazaT upasuxa.
_ mTlad SeWame?
_ !!
_ mama, cota iqneba dagrCa _ momeci... muceli mtkiva, ar gagamxel...
mamas zluquni waskda.
patara bavSsac gaeRviZa „mSia“-„mSias“ ZaxiliT.
mama wamoiWra, ezo gadirbina. venaxSi moxvda. gabmuli cxvari sZovda. axsna. gavida xeze.
dajda. bawari tots magrad miaba, maryuJi gamoskvna meore boloSi, gaSinja _ kiserze Tu momi-
Werso da...
***
keTili beberi naTlia ifofreboda: _ RmerTo! RmerTo! ra dros momaswari!.. ra sacodaoba
datrialda... vin mouvlis damSeul oblebs?!
_ raRa Cems venaxSi, Cemi karis ukan, Cemi bawriT CamoixCo Tavi am ojaxqorma! _ brazobda da
iwyevleboda mezobeli, romelsac am SemTxvevis gamo, vin icis, ra moeloda...
niko lorTqifaniZe
dekodirebis cxrili
kiTxva

I Tavi

41
Sexvedra
Tamaz Cxenkels
mec damelode gazafxulamde, da am zvirTebSi sul kargad moCans

sanam Sescuravs tbebSi niavi. rabindranatis zarebis glova.
iremi wyalSi Seva muxlamde _ budas22 locvebiT vinc gadarCeba,
lamazi, saxegauqirdavi. misteriebiT is daiTroba.
sanam xasxasa WavlTa Taiguls moquxs poetis didi mdinare,

gedis svel frTebSi CaeZineba, gvritebis stvena moswydeba Walas,
moval da metyvi: wminda Tagori me wagikiTxav vardebs, benaress23,
indoeTidan moedineba. Sen ki mimRereb Sens gitanjalas24.
niko samadaSvili
dekodirebis cxrili

sayelodan fexis wverebamde

cxrameti wlisaa, tanadi, dauTovebuli sayelodan fexis wverebamde.
sul ise dadis, TiTqos kaTedrisken mieSurebodes.
masSi xedaven momaval akademikoss, momaval saxelmwifo moRvawes. Rimili icis mqrqali, mqrqali.
jer isev pirvel kursze uyvarda erT gogonas. im gogoze ase ambobdnen, odris hgavso,
odri hepberns. biWic uTanagrZnobda gogos, dedasac ki gaando es ambavi.
erTxel is gogo, is qarTveli odri, avad gaxda. avadmyofobda mTel or kviras, magram biWs
araferi gaagebina. mxolod daqals uTxra, masac sircxviliT alewilma, _ ar minda, Cvens sacodav
binaSi mnaxos, Tanac avadmyofio. daqalma, ra Tqma unda, biWs aurbenina es naTqvami. biWi
dafiqrda, gaeRima mqrqalad. im dRidan òdrisken~ aRar gauxedavs. roca hkiTxavdnen, ra
moxdao, mSvidad ganmartavda:
_ gogo, romelic sacodavad ganicdis yofiT wvrilmanebs, binis sipataraves da sxva ase-
Tebs, me ar gamomadgeba cxovrebis meuRledo.
zustad ase _ `cxovrebis meuRledo~, da daumatebda oriode frazasac: adamianio adami-
anso kacsac da qalsaco, Cvens nerviul saukuneSi sWirdebao.
gogo marTlac gasacodavda. mere viRaca uRirss gahyva colad. biWi amasac mqrqali Ri-
miliT Sexvda.
am ramdenime Tvis winaT biWs institutSi didi priala magida da ramdenime sxvadasxva fe-
ris telefoni Caabares. biWi Zalian uxdeba im priala magidas da sxvadasxva fer telefonebs.
TvalebSi Sescicineben gogoebi, biWebic. biWic uRimis yvelas. oRond yvelas _ kvlavac mqrqa-
lad, mqrqalad.
kiTxva
revaz inaniSvili
I Tavi
22
buda (Cv. w. aR-mde VII-VI ss. Zv. indurad _ `gamoRviZebuli _ gasxivosnebuli~) _ sidharTa gautamas
epiTeti. igi budisturi tradiciis Tanaxmad iTvleba budizmis fuZemdeblad.
23
benaresi _ igivea, rac varanasi. qalaqi Crdilo-dasavleT indoeTSi, romelsac indoelebisTvis
iseTive mniSvneloba aqvs, rogoric vatikans kaTolikeebisTvis, induistebis da budistebis wminda qalaqi.
24
`gitanjali~ _ rabindranaT Tagoris (1861_1941), indoeli poetis sagaloblebis wigni. swored am
42
wignisaTvis mianiWes Tagors nobelis premia 1913 wels. Targmnilia qarTulad.
dekodirebis cxrili

Tixis sami firfita

(gilgameSis25 motivebze)
me gilgameSi: ninsunis26 Svili, uruqis mefe da gmirTa-gmiri, cocxlebSi aRar viTvlebi

ukve. da mainc vcdilob Cemi sikvdiliT gavaxangrZlivo Tqveni sicocxle. me bevrjer miTx-
res, bevrjer mirCies, rom Semecvala sikvdilze fiqri lxiniT da qaliT. bevrjer amixsnes,
rom yvelaferi mogonilia da warmavali, rom erTaderTi Wkviani saqme aris garToba da siyva-
ruli. Tumca arc CemTvis ar iyo ucxo lxini da qali. Cemi xanmokle cxovrebis gzaze mec mi-
gemia lxinic da qalic. swored amitom vucqerdi SiSiT Tixis uferul da uZrav borcvebs da
mizans mainc ver mivaRwie, radgan yovelTvis marto viyavi.
Tu marTla gesmis da marTla gjera arc mowyaleba da arc saSveli

Sens Casaxvamde gardacvlil kacis, ar Rirsebia cidan aravis.
da Tuki Seni fuZe da Weri da rasac fiqrob, yvelas aCvene,
garTmevs sicocxlis udides nawils, an visTan ra gaqvs dasamalavi.
Seni saRamo da Seni dila siCume zogjer sisustes udris

ras moxmardeba, isic Tu ici: da Senc gaxseni Seni fiqrebi,
orive xeli da yvela kbili rom patiosnad, didxans da myudrod
magrad CasWide Samxatis27 sicils. icxovro, roca aRar iqnebi.
oTar WilaZe
dekodirebis cxrili

kiTxva
I Tavi
25
Zveli Suamdinaruli eposi `gilgameSiani~ uZvelesi poeturi nawarmoebia. arsebobs misi zurab
kiknaZiseuli qarTuli Targmani. gilgameSi _ Sumeruli qalaqis uruqis mefe. misi hegemonia vrceldeboda
mTel qvemo SuamdinareTze. mogvianebiT gilgameSze Seiqmna cnobili eposi `gilgameSiani~.
26
ninsuni, igive ninsuna _ uruqis mfarveli da qalaqis mefeTa miTosuri deda. gilgameSis eposSi
ninsuni gamoyvanilia xorciel qalad.
27
Samxati _ `gilgameSianis~ personaJi qali.
43
prezentaciis Sesaxeb
warmogidgenT umberto ekos, Cveni epoqis gamoCenili italieli mwer-

lisa da mecnieris mosazrebebs, romelic man weriTi teqstebis SeqmnasTan
dakavSirebiT gamoTqva. imedia, misi udavod gasaTvaliswinebeli rCevebi
garkveul daxmarebas gagiwevT davalebebis Sesrulebisas.
rogor vweroT saprezentacio moxseneba

(fragmenti)
minda giTxraT, rom upirvelesad unda davimaxsovroT erTi ZiriTadi wesi: rac ufro kon-
kretulia Cvens mier SerCeuli Tema, miT ufro advilia muSaobac da warmatebis miRwevac. mo-
nografiuli Tema gerCivnoT mimoxilviTs.
saprezentacio moxsenebis mizania Seiswavlos sagani iaraRis meSveobiT. bevr SemTxvevaSi
sagans warmoadgens konkretuli teqsti, iaraRebs _ sxva teqstebi. magaliTad, aseTi Tema: àdam
smitis1 ekonomikuri ganazrebani~ gulisxmobs, rom sagani aris adam smitis teqstebi, iaraRebi
_ teqstebi adam smitis Sesaxeb. aqedan gamomdinare, adam smitis wignebs SeiZleba vuwodoT
pirveladi wyaroebi, xolo adam smitis Sesaxeb daweril wignebs _ meoradi wyaroebi, anu kri-
tikuli literatura.
mudam gaxsovdeT, Tu ra gansxvaveba arsebobs wyaroebsa da kritikul literaturas Soris.
mxedvelobaSi iqonieT: marTalia, gamokvlevebSi Zalze xSirad SexvdebiT wyaroebidan amoRe-
bul nawyvetebs, magram TqvenTvis es ukve meoradi wyaroebia.
wignebze muSaobisas pirvelwyarod iTvleba teqstis pirveli an akademiuri gamocema. Tar-
gmani wyarod ar gamodgeba, radgan Targmani igivea, rac proTezi, is aris miznis miRwevis uka-
naskneli saSualeba.
rac Seexeba, saorientacio bibliografiul sias igi biblioTekaSi unda SevadginoT. Tu
ukve iciT, romeli avtorebi gWirdebaT, miadgebiT biblioTekis katalogebs da iq naxavT, Tu
am avtorebis ra wignebia sacavSi. Semdeg waxvalT meore biblioTekaSi, Semdeg mesameSi da a. S.
sanam ar SeavsebT saorientacio nusxas.
Tu wignebs eZebT principiT ìs _ ar vici, ra~, pirvelad sistematur katalogs unda mia-
kiTxoT. anbanuri katalogi esaWiroeba imas, vinc icis, ra unda. normaluri biblioTekis sis-
tematur katalogSi uceb moiZebneba TqvenTvis saWiro literaturis ZiriTadi nawili.
magram katalogebi maSinve ar iZlevian amomwurav informacias. amitom aucilebeli xdeba
martivi nabijebis gadagma. yvela biblioTekas aqvs ganyofileba an darbazi, romelsac `sacno-
baros~ uwodeben. aq awyvia enciklopediebi, leqsikonebi da bibliografiebi. TqvenTvis sain-
tereso Temas moZebniT enciklopediaSi, amoiwerT Sesabamisi statiis boloSi dabeWdil bib-
liografias, dabrundebiT sakatalogo ganyofilebaSi da am avtorebs moZebniT anbanur bara-
kiTxva
TebSi.
bibliografiis SedgenaSi dagexmarebaT eleqtronuli konsultaciebi da kompiuteruli
katalogebi. biblioTekebi aqveyneben axlad miRebuli wignebis CamonaTvals. zogierTi spe-
I Tavi
cializebuli biblioTeka kompiuteruli qselis meSveobiT ukavSirdeba centralur mexsie-

rebas da SeuZlia Tvalis daxamxamebaSi mogawodoT informacia.
44 1
adam smiti (1723_1790) _ Sotlandieli ekonomisti da filosofosi.
saprezentacio moxsenebaze muSaobis dawyebisas, uwinares yovlisa, unda CamoweroT: 1) sa-
Tauri 2) Sesavali 3) Sinaarsi... dasaxeT samuSao gegma, romelsac sacnobaro saZieblis formas
miscemT. gaxsovdeT, rom kargad mignebuli saTauri saqmis naxevaria, masSi SeiZleba mTeli
koncefciac ki Caetios.
problemuri gegma Semdegi principiT unda aigos:
sakiTxis dasma;
winamorbedTa gamocdileba;
Tqveni hipoTeza;
Tqvens xelT arsebuli monacemebi;
am monacemebis analizi;
hipoTezis damtkiceba;
daskvnebi.
gamokvlevis Semdgomi gagrZelebis perspeqtivebi;
muSaobis dros dagWirdebaT mcire kartoTekis Sedgena. kartoTekaSi SeitanT sxvada-
sxva saxis Canawerebs:
baraTebi wignebisa da statiebis SinaarsiT;
Tematuri baraTebi;
saxelobiTi baraTebi;
baraTebi citatebisTvis;
samuSao baraTebi.
aucilebeli ar aris mTeli am makulaturis daxvaveba, wyaroTa Sinaarsebis patara karto-
TekiTac iolad gaxvalT, danarCens ki saerTo rveulSi SeitanT, erTaderTi, rac Zalze mniSv-
nelovania, _ kartoTeka unda iyos unificirebuli da sruli. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba da-
uTmeT wyaroebis konspeqtirebas.
aucilebelia, dafiqrdeT imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra kategoriis auditorias miemarTeba Tqveni
teqsti. am sakiTxis seriozuli gaazreba dagexmarebaT Txrobis formisa da logikuri gamom-
saxvelobis moZebnaSi.
mas Semdeg, rac gadawyvetT, Tu vis mimarTavT (ara marto oponents, aramed mTel kacobri-
obas!), moZebneT Sesabamisi intonacia. Tumca es Zalian delikaturi saqmea. amqveynad universa-
luri kanonebi rom arsebobdes, yvela mwerali geniosi iqneboda. SemiZlia mxolod is girCioT,
rom ramdenjerme gadaweroT moxseneba an Sromis dawyebamde weraSi waivarjiSoT.
nu daiwyebT prustis2 mibaZvas. Tu frazebi metismetad grZeli gamogdiT, ara uSavs, dawe-
reT, rogorc gewerebaT, oRond mere daanawevreT. tragediad nu miiCnevT qvemdebaris orjer
gameorebas. erideT nacvalsaxelebsa da damokidebul winadadebebs.
xSirad gamoiyeneT abzaci. daiwyeT abzaciT, roca icvleba Tema, roca icvleba ritmi da,
saerTod, rac SeiZleba xSirad...
dawereT yvelaferi, rac TavSi mogivaT, oRond _ Sav xelnawerSi. saSiSi araferia, Semdeg
gamoxSiravT, amoiRebT gadaxvevebs, frCxilebSi moTavsebul pasaJebs, zogierT rames miTiTe-
bebsa da damatebebSi gadaitanT. saprezentacio moxsenebis mizania winasityvaobaSi wamoyene-
buli hipoTezis damtkiceba da ara imis Cveneba, rom amqveynad yvelaferi iciT.
imuSaveT xalisiT. Tu miageniT TqvenTvis saintereso Temas, Tu gadawyviteT, moxsenebas
dauTmoT garkveuli dro, umal igrZnobT, rom Tqveni Sroma iqceva sanaZleos an saganZuris
maZiebelTa TamaSis msgavs saxaliso konstruirebad.
kiTxva
aris raRac sportuli azarti mouxelTebeli teqstebis ZiebaSi, aris krosvordis amox-
snis sixaruli, roca xangrZlivi gonebrivi wvalebis Semdeg ipoviT pasuxs SekiTxvaze, rome-
I Tavi
lic Tavidan urTules gamocanad geCvenebodaT.

vimeoreb: TiToeuli saprezentacio moxseneba aris sanaZleo. niZlavi, dadebuli sakuTar
TavTan.
1
marsel prusti (1871_1922) _ frangi mwerali
45
Tu sportul azarts avyvebiT, moxseneba kargi gamogviva, xolo Tu Sromas ritualur moq-
medebad vaqcevT, CaTvaleT, rom partia wagebulia. tyuilad raRaze unda davkargoT dro _
adeqiT da saprezentacio moxseneba sxvisgan gadaiwereT, nu moiwamlavT sicocxles da nurc im
adamianebs gaawvalebT, visac Tqveni daxmareba da wakiTxva evalebaT. (ix. danarTi #2)
umberto eko
Targmna ivane amirxanaSvilma
prezentacia
umberto ekos teqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg yuradRebiT gaecaniT danarTs (#2), Semdeg Cven
mier warmodgenili saprezentacio Temebidan Tqveni surviliT SearCieT erT-erTi da klass
warudgineT zepiri moxsenebis saxiT.
1. rezo yaralaSvilis teqstis ZiriTadi ideebi;
2. literaturuli komunikaciis (teqsti-mkiTxveli) ganmsazRvreli ZiriTadi faqtorebi;
3. mxatvruli sistemis dekodirebis principebi da maTi gamoyeneba literaturuli
nawarmoebis analizisas;
4. goeTes `sami saxis mkiTxvelis” Teoria.
kiTxva
I Tavi
46
§ IV
avtoris Sesaxeb
òmis1 Semdgom wlebSi sololakis ubani Tavisi mkvidrad nagebi sax-

lebiTa da myudro quCebiT, aJuruli WiSkrebiT, marmarilos grili sa-
darbazoebiTa da ezoSi Sesasvlelis naxevrad Cabnelebuli gvirabebiT
erTgvari stabilurobis ganwyobilebas qmnida.
Wabukebi, romlebic am ubnis qarTul skolaSi swavlobdnen, moedni-
dan amomavali mTavari quCis dasawyisSi soko SadrevanTan iyridnen Tavs
saRamoobiT da aTasgvar ambebze maslaaTobdnen. unda vTqva, rom Tema am-
zurab kakabaZe
1924_1982
gvari maslaaTisa yovelTvis fexburTs da `savaJkaco saqmeebs” ar Seexe-
àdamianis yofie- boda. xandaxan kamaTi did mwerlebs, filosofosebsa da poetebs gadas-
rebis, arsebobis wvdeboda da Tqven warmoidgineT, rusi da evropeli poetebis oTx enaze
gansakuTrebuli gaxmianebuli citatebic ki ismoda (aseTi kacic eria Cven Soris).
wesi upirveles
yovlisa imaSi ga- am soko-SadrevanTan zogjer Sedgeboda xolme erTi daxvewili gareg-
moixateba, rom mas nobis Wabuki, romelsac ar uyvarda xmamaRali laparaki da kamaTi, magram uy-
aseTi erTxel da varda Tavisi amxanagebi. igi bevrs kiTxulobda, gulmodgined swavlobda ger-
samudamod winas-
war dadgenili we- manuls, Tumca arcerTi `biWuri” saqmidan ara yofila gamoTiSuli: kargad
si ar gaaCnia, ara- TamaSobda fexburTs da megobrebTan qeifsac ar akldeboda. TiTqos arc
med sxvadasxvagva- arafriT gansxvavdeboda inteligentur ojaxebSi aRzrdili am ubnis sxva
rad, sxvadasxva
wesiT yofna SeuZ- ymawvilebisagan, Tu imas ar mivaqcevdiT yuradRebas, rom mas raRacnairi
lia da TviTon daJinebuli, burusiani mzera da TiTqos fiqriT Setexili saxe hqonda. igi
irCevs da awesebs CarTuli iyo da arc iyo CarTuli am yoveldRiur `biWobaSi~, mas yovelTvis
imas, Tu rogor, ra
wesiT iarsebos.~ axlda erTgvari distanciis grZnoba imisadmi, rac mis garSemo xdeboda. uf-
z. kakabaZe ro gvian mivxvdi, misi goneba daJinebiT da gamudmebiT iyo mijaWvuli raRac
Rrma da Znelad Sesamecnebelze, imaze, ris Sesacnobad aTasi wlis fiqric ar
kmara. es Wabuki zurab kakabaZe gaxldaT, erTi imaTgani, vinc axal ubanSi ar gadasula sacxovreblad,
roca axalmSeneblobaTa bumi daiwyo Cvens qalaqSi. misi myudro, Zveli bina moswonda Turme cno-
bil germanel mwerals biols2, romelsac uTqvams: Tanamedrove avejiT gawyobili axali binebi
konformistul3 suls amJRavnebs, Zveli yaidis binebSi metia àdamianurio~...
am àdamianuris~ gamomeZiebeli da azriT damfuZnebeli iyo zurab kakabaZe, _ evropuli sti-
lis filosofosi, farTo diapazonis moazrovne, adamianis umtkivneules problemaTa mkvlevari...~
Tamaz Cxenkeli
zurab kakabaZe
aris mkiTxveli...
misi uguliTadesi siyvaruli ekuTvnis keTilmowyobas, komforts. gatacebiT uyvars sa-

uzme, sadili, vaxSami. is, rac mas uWirs da awuxebs, aris dro gaWimuli sauzmidan sadilamde,
kiTxva
sadilidan vaxSmamde. igi eZebs drois mokvlis saSualebebs, anu saSualebebs imisaTvis, rom
rac SeiZleba SeumCnevlad, umtkivneulod da uxifaTod miitanos Tavi sauzmidan sadilamde,
sadilidan vaxSmamde. igi eZebs raime iseTs, rac am intervalebSi fiziologiuri procesebis
I Tavi
akompanimentis rols Seasrulebs _ igi eZebs TavSesaqcevs.
1
igulisxmeba meore msoflio omi.
2
hainrix bioli (1917_1985) _ germaneli mwerali.
3
konformizmi _ Semguebloba.
47
am Taviseburi gziT mis cxovrebaSi moulodnelad Cndeba wigni.
oRond wignicaa da wignic. aris wigni, romlis wakiTxva iseT Sinagan Zabvas moiTxovs, ris
Sedegadac SesaZloa ramdenadme Seferxdes kuWis wvenis normaluri muSaoba. aseTi wigni uare-
sia, vinem carieli dro. igi irCevs wignebs Soris. ar dauSvebs arafers iseTs, rac misgan Si-
nagan aqtivobas moiTxovs, Seiwynarebs mxolod imas, rac sruliad umtkivneulod, saWmlis
msgavsad miiReba òrganizmSi~.
mas uyvars wigni, romelic gamoxatavs mis netar ocnebas mogvarebuli, momrgvalebuli,
myudro, rbili da Tbili cxovrebis Taobaze. mas uyvars wigni enamoCleqili, ukonfliqto,
rbili baliSebiT Semolagebuli.
amas garda rasac aitans, es iqneba wigni, romelic sruliad ar exeba mis cxovrebas, arafers
moiTxovs misgan, arafers avalebs, araviTar pasuxismgeblobas ar akisrebs, aramed ubralod
exmaureba mis cnobismoyvareobas. mas uyvars wigni, romelic ar ereva mis cxovrebaSi. aseTia
wigni _ carieli ambavi, wigni _ Worebi, wigni _ deteqtivi.
is, rac mas sZuls mZvinvare siZulviliT, aris egreT wodebuli `seriozuli wigni~, wigni
romelic arRvevs `neitralitets~ da ereva mis Sinaur saqmeebSi, mis cxovrebaSi; eubneba: Seni
cxovreba sruliadac ar aris mogvarebuli, Seni cxovrebis gza ar aris adamianis gza, igi aris
dacemis, danaSaulis, gadagvarebis, katastrofis gza. Sen gevaleba gardaqmna Seni cxovreba,
Sescvalo Seni cxovrebis Cveuli wesi da normebi.
`seriozuli wigni~ moiTxovs misgan amaRldes adamianis donemde, xolo ramdenadac es amaR-
lebis gza sulis siRrmeze gadis, igi moiTxovs misgan, Caixedos sakuTari sulis siRrmeSi.
magram mas swored `siRrmisa da simaRlis SiSi~ sWirs. amitomac mas sZuls `seriozuli wigni~;
mas sZuls dostoevski1.
magram mas erTi xifaTiani Tviseba gaaCnia. esaa sixarbe. unda, rom iqonios yvelaferi, rac
ki ram saqonelia, rasac raime fasi adevs. mas unda, rom simdidriT aucilebelad aRematebodes
Tavis mezoblebs, amitomac mas unda iqonios `seriozuli wigni~, romlisTvisac didi fasi
daudevT romeliRac anonimur instanciaSi. mas unda iqonios wignsgandobili, ganaTlebuli
kacis saxeli da unda, rom am Taviseburi simdidris mxrivac aRematebodes, sjobdes Tavis
mezoblebs. am gziT mis cxovrebaSi moulodnelad Cndeba `seriozuli wigni~ _ WeSmariti
literatura.
igi zrunavda komfortis SevsebisaTvis, xolo WeSmarit literaturas swored misi kom-
fortuli myudroebis darRveva da afeTqeba aqvs Sinagan miznad. mis myudro binaSi `seriozu-
li wignis~ SemoSveba gaavebuli mxecis xifaTian SemoWras udris.
magram igi gamocdili da daxelovnebuli momTvinierebelia, igi eZebs _ `seriozuli wig-
nis~ moTvinierebisa da neitralizebis saSualebebs.
cdilobs waikiTxos da saubris Temad aqcios `seriozuli wigni~ ise, rom amasTanave srul-
yofilad aireklos iqidan momdinare tendencia mis cxovrebaSi Carevisa. moTxovna misi cxov-
rebis Cveuli wesis gardaqmnis Taobaze; igi TaviT fexebamde iaraRdeba `mexamridebiT~.
Tavdapirvelad mxars uWers tradiciul, Cveul literaturas da ugulebelyofs Tanad-
rouls. es imitom, rom Zvel literaturaSi gamoxatuli cxovrebis konkretuli problemebi
Cveni droisaTvis gadawyvetili da mogvarebuli Cans. Cvens dros sxva siZneleebi da prob-
lemebi axasiaTebs. amitomac klasikuri literatura naklebad emuqreba mis simyudroves,
naklebad arRvevs cxovrebis mogvarebulobis gancdas.
mas saerTod ar uyvars problemuri wigni, magram raxan savaldebuloa uyvardes, isev Zvelsa
kiTxva
da tradiciuls airCevs, radgan igi SedarebiT ufro `Tvinieria~ da nakleb ereva mis cxov-
rebaSi.
I Tavi
magram mis sixarbes sazRvari ara aqvs; mas unda iqonios is, rasac meti fasi adevs. xolo im
ucnaur instanciaSi ratomRac meti fasi swored Tanadroul `seriozul literaturasTan~
nacnobobisaTvis daudevT. mas eSinia am mxriv ar CamorCes mezoblebs da amitomac iZulebuli
48 1
feodor dostoevski (1821_1881) _ rusi mwerali.
xdeba Secvalos Tavisi bunebrivi arCevani; igi iZulebuli xdeba airCios Tanadrouli
literatura.
amieridan igi eZebs Tanadrouli `seriozuli literaturis~ `moTvinierebisa~ da neitra-
lizebis saSualebebs.
Tavdapirvelad Seecdeba Tanadrouli literatura rac SeiZleba dauaxlovos da daamsgav-
sos tradiciuls. Seecdeba, magaliTad, ar SeamCnios, rom Tanadroul dasavlur literaturas
tradiciul-klasikurisagan mkveTrad gansxvavebuli, gansakuTrebiT mZafri tragikuli in-
tonacia axlavs. ityvis: winaTac iyvnen tragikuli temperamentis mwerlebi, winaTac iwereboda
tragediebi; magram maT gverdiT iyvnen SedarebiT laRi, aRuSfoTebeli temperamentis mwer-
lebi. am mxriv Cvens droSi araferia gansakuTrebuli. Seecdeba ar SeniSnos, rom Tanadroul
dasavlur literaturaSi tradiciul-klasikurisagan gansxvavebiT erTob mcirea harmoniul-
laRi mwerlebis wili.
Seecdeba saqmis viTareba ise warmoadginos, TiTqos Sinaarsis, problematikisa da Sinagani
gancdis tonebis mxriv literatura arsebiTad igive darCa; Seicvala mxolod garegnuli forma
da es, sxvaTa Soris, iseve uwyinrad moxda, rogorc icvleba xolme tansacmlis moda: jer viwro
Sarvlebs icvamdnen, mere farTo Caicves da a. S.
yovelive amiT ambobs: Cvens droSi araferia gansakuTrebiT SemaSfoTebeli da sagangaSo.
mudam iyvnen da iqnebian iseTi mwerlebi, romlebic ratomRac SfoTaven da gangaSsa stexen;
cxovreba ki Tavisi gziT midis. Cven gvrCeba ufleba mivemxroT imaT, vinc nakleb SfoTavs da
nakleb `gangaSobs~; Cven gvrCeba ufleba viyoT mSvidni, aRuSfoTebelni, `myudroni~.
igi zogjer ar sjerdeba amgvar SedarebiT zomier, kompromisul saSualebas da ufro ra-
dikalurs mimarTavs. Tanadrouli `seriozuli literaturis~ neitralizebis radikaluri sa-
Sualebis saxiT igi aiTvisebs formalisturi esTetikuri Tvalsazrisis erTob martivsa da
iol variants; Seecdeba literatura warmoadginos sruliad uwyinar saqmianobad; irwmuneba,
literaturas valad mxolod is adevs, rom Tvali, yuri, guneba, fantazia gagvirTos da dagvi-
amos, rom literaturas saerTod araferi esaqmeba namdvili cxovrebis problemebTan, igi
arafers ambobs adamianis bedis Taobaze, imis Taobaze, Tu rogoria da rogori unda iyos ada-
mianuri samyaro.
amgvari operaciis Semdeg mas aRar eSinia `seriozuli wignisa~, SeuZlia miendos rogorc
nazi odaliska2 uvnebel saWuriss. yidulobs, iZens, rac aq yvelaze Zvirad fasobs: prusts,
joiss, kafkas, Tomas mans3. kiTxulobs, axsenebs, aqebs, adidebs; ra enaRvleba, arc erTi maTgani
xom arafers ambobs misi cxovrebis Taobaze, imis Taobaze, Tu ra emarTeba mas an vinme sxvas mis
siaxloves.
Tuki eWvs Seitan da ityvi _ kacis sazarel mwerad qcevis ambavi, franc kafka rom mogviT-
xrobs4, naklebad Seefereba Cveni garTobisa da guneba-ganwyobilebis daamebis mizanso _ igi
ar daibneva da gaifiqrebs (Tu Tqmas ver gabedavs): gasarTobad gamodgeba yvelaferi, rac ucna-
uri da uCveulo Cans. gana ase ar xdeba cirkSi? cxovrebaSi adamianebi Cveulebriv fexebiT
dadian, cirkSi ki Semova kaci, Tavdayira dadgeba da xelebiT gaivlis. amiT sruliadac ar undaT
raimes Tqma Cveni cxovrebis Sesaxeb, magaliTad, imis Tqma, rom viRacis cxovreba raRac azriT
Tavdayira damdgara. ara, es ubralod uCveulo da ucnauri ramaa da es swored amiTi arTobs
mayurebels. swored aseve: cxovrebaSi Cveulebriv ise xdeba, rom adamianebi RamiT rom dawve-
bian, diliT isev adamianis garegnobiT iRviZeben. kafkas rom swored amgvarad aRewera gmiris
ambavi, es Tavisi Cveulebriobis gamo friad mosawyeni ram iqneboda. amitom man, cirkisa ar
kiTxva
iyos, Tavdayira daayena cxovrebisaTvis Cveuli viTareba, aiRo da Tqva: èrTxel diliT, roca
I Tavi
2
odaliska _ msaxuri qali haramxanaSi.
3
CamoTvlilni arian evropeli modernisti mwerlebi: marsel prusti (1871_1922), frangi mwerali;
jeims joisi (1882_1941), irlandieli mwerali; franc kafka (1883_1924), avstrieli mwerali; Tomas mani
(1875_1955), germaneli mwerali.
4
igulisxmeba f. kafkas moTxroba `feriscvaleba~.
49
gregor zamzam SfoTiani sizmrebis Semdeg gamoiRviZa, aRmoaCina, rom Tavis sarecelSi raRac
saSinel mwerad qceuliyo~. amiT kafkas sruliadac ar undoda eTqva, rom namdvil cxovrebas
msgavsi xifaTi axasiaTebs; amas sruliadac ara aqvs raime simboluri mniSvneloba. ara, es ubra-
lod ucnauria, uCveuloa da amitomac gvarTobs da gvsiamovnebs.
diax, mas unda literatura cirks gauTanabros.
ase miirTmevs igi uvnebelqmnil, dasaWurisebul wigns sauzmis, sadilisa da vaxSmis in-
tervalebSi. ase `mdidrdeba igi sulierad~ da mere dro da dro gamoefineba xolme `sulieri
simdidris~ salonur gamofenebze. igi saocrad mdidaria WorebiT literaturuli samya-
rodan.
`sulieri qonebis~ moxveWis azarti mas zogjer im zomamde aitans, rom ramdenadme Ra-
latobs kidevac pirvandel siyvaruls _ materialur komforts. wignebi avseben mis binas,
Taroebze, taxtebze, skamebze, iatakzec ki daefinebian xolme `mxatvruli uwesrigobiT~.
igi araCveulebrivad bevrs fusfusebs wignebis garSemo da am fusfusSi zogjer, ase gasin-
jeT, aviwydeba kidec droze Wama da droze Zili. misi cxovreba aSkarad icvlis saxes, oRond
garedan, SigniT ki ucvleli rCeba. igi mtkiced inarCunebs Zvel pozicias: mis myudro binaSi
daSvebuli wigni unda iyos sakmaod Tvinieri da Tavmdabali, rom araferi Tqvas misi cxov-
rebis Cveuli wesis winaaRmdeg, ar xelyos da ar SeaSfoTos misi maZRari TviTkmayofileba.
araviTar wigns, rac ar unda Zvirfasi iyos, ara aqvs ufleba uxeSad Caerios mis cxovrebaSi
da gaadamianebis mZime amocana daakisros.
Tavis mxriv mwerali eZebs imis saSualebebs, rom gadaurCes misgan dasaWurisebas, moT-
vinierebas da ise SeaRwios mis myudro binaSi. amisaTvis mwerali zogjer garegnulad, vTqvaT
da, deteqtivis saxes miscems nawarmoebs da roca amiT Secdenili mkiTxveli kontrols dah-
kargavs da Seixsnis, amorTavs `mexamridebs~, erTbaSad Tavs daatydeba, CaiTrevs da aiyolebs.
`dramaturgias ZaluZs, rom WkuaSi moatyuos mayurebeli da sinamdvile ganacdevinos~,
wers fridrih diurenmati5 misi misamarTiT.
roca igi brazobs `seriozuli wignis~ gamo, roca igi gaRizianebiT ilanZReba, es imas
niSnavs, rom man ver SeZlo wignis moTviniereba, man ver airekla wignSi naTqvami `mware sityva~
misi cxovrebis Taobaze da masSi Seirxa abezari sindisi.
`me unda velaparako adamianebs cudze, raTa isini sakmaod gabrazdnen~ _ uiliam fol-
kneri6.
`me minda, rom burJuaziulma mayurebelma cudad igrZnos Tavi~ _ Jan-pol sartri7.
`me im wodebas vekuTvni, romelic mowodebulia brazi gamoiwvios~ _ volfgang koepeni8.
1967
davalebebi
teqstis analizi
1. rogori kategoriis adamians aRwers zurab kakabaZe? SeecadeT Tqveni sityvebiT daaxa-
siaToT igi. raime Tviseba xom ar gamorCa eses avtors? davaleba werilobiT Seasru-
leT.
kiTxva
2. rogor fiqrobT, adamianis amgvari tipi dRes aRar arsebobs Tu piriqiT, igi erTgvarad
maradiulia da yvela epoqaSi gvxvdeba, oRond sxvadasxva formiT? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
I Tavi
5
fridrih diurenmati (1921_1990) _ Sveicarieli dramaturgi.
6
uiliam folkneri (1897_1962) _ amerikeli mwerali, nobelis premiis laureati.
7
Jan-pol sartri (1905_1980) _ frangi filosofosi da mwerali.
50 8
volfgang koepeni (1906_1996) _ germaneli mwerali.
3. yuradReba miaqcieT: ese 1967 wliTaa daTariRebuli. zurab kakabaZis TqmiT, aRwerili
adamianis tipi, im dros, `carieli drois Sesavsebad~, xSirad, uneblieT wigns mimar-
Tavda. Tqveni azriT, dResac ase xdeba? ratom?
4. CamoTvaleT, rogor, ra saSualebebiT axdens amgvari adamiani `seriozuli literatu-
ris~ ganeitralebas?
5. Tqven rogor fiqrobT, literaturas marTla mxolod is evaleba, rom `Tvali, yuri,
guneba, fantazia gagvirTos da dagviamos, rom mas saerTod araferi esaqmeba namdvili
cxovrebis problemebTan, igi arafers ambobs adamianis bedis Taobaze, imis Taobaze,
Tu rogoria da rogori unda iyos adamianuri samyaro~? Tqveni pasuxi daasabuTeT.
pozicia
1. eses avtori gamoyofs ornair wigns. erTia is wigni, romlis kiTxva Sinagan aqtivobas
moiTxovs, xolo meorea is, romelic `sruliad umtkivneulod, saWmlis msgavsad mii-
Reba organizmSi~. sxva sityvebiT Tu vityviT, pirvelia `seriozuli wigni~, xolo me-
ore _ `wigni enamoCleqili, ukonfliqto, rbili baliSebiT Semolagebuli~. cal-cal-
ke CamowereT, rogor axasiaTebs avtori TiToeul maTgans. daasaxeleT minimum TiTo
nimuSi aRniSnuli kategoriebidan da werilobiT daasabuTeT, ratom miakuTvnebT ama
Tu im wigns ama Tu im kategorias.
2. eseSi monaxeT is adgili, sadac avtori aRwers, rogor cdilobs garTobis moyvaruli
adamiani `literatura cirks gauTanabros~. ras ityviT amis Taobaze? Tqveni pozicia
daasabuTeT.
paraleli
zurab kakabaZis ese SeadareT oTar CxeiZis eses. daakvirdiT: orive avtori erTsa da imave
Temaze wers, magram ramdenad gansxvavebulia maTi stili, weris manera, temperamenti; ramdenad
gansxvavebulad svamen aqcentebs.
magaliTad, oTar CxeiZesTan igrZnoba msubuqi ironia, xolo zurab kakabaZesTan aSkaraa
Semtevi toni.
daakvirdiT maT Sexedulebebs. rveulSi CamowereT, raSi eTanxmebian avtorebi erTmaneTs
da raSi _ ara. calke gamoyaviT is idea an pasaJi, romelmac gansakuTrebiT miipyro Tqveni yu-
radReba.
zurab kakabaZe wers: `Tanadroul dasavlur literaturas tradiciul-klasikurisagan

mkveTrad gansxvavebuli, gansakuTrebiT mZafri tragikuli intonacia axlavs... Tanadroul
dasavlur literaturaSi tradiciul-klasikurisgan gansxvavebiT erTob mcirea harmoni-
kiTxva
ul-laRi mwerlebis wili~.

TanadroulSi igulisxmeT X X saukunis modernistuli literatura, xolo tradiciul-
klasikurSi _ X I X saukunis realisturi mwerloba, gamoiyeneT TqvenTvis xelmisawvdomi sac-
I Tavi
nobaro literatura, aseve konsultaciisTvis mimarTeT maswavlebels da gaarkvieT, gansxva-

vebiT X I X saukunisagan, X X saukunis literaturas ratom axlavs gansakuTrebiT mZafri tra-
gikuli intonacia da ratom Secotavda `harmoniul-laRi mwerlebis wili~. Tqvens analitikur
komentars mieciT werilobiTi saxe. 51
§ V
saubari
saTauri mniSvnelovani komponentia nebismieri da gansakuTrebiT SemoqmedebiTi teqstis

aRqmis procesSi. rogorc konstantine gamsaxurdia ambobda, saTauri xmlis pirveli moqnevaa
avtoris mier mkiTxvelis gulisa da gonebis dasapyrobad gamarTul brZolaSi. amitom sworad
kiTxvis Cvevis CamoyalibebisaTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs saTauris poetikis codnas. imedia,
qarTveli mkvlevaris rezo yaralaSvilis mier SemoTavazebuli kriteriumebis kargad gacno-
biereba xels SegiwyobT imaSi, rom mTeli saswavlo wlis manZilze warmatebiT gaarTvaT Tavi
SemoqmedebiTi teqstebis Seqmnasa da dasaTaurebas. saxelmZRvaneloSi warmodgenili sxvada-
sxva tipis nawarmoebTa analizis drosac, vfiqrobT, es kriteriumebi mniSvnelovan daxmarebas
gagiwevT.
saTauris poetika
saTauri nawarmoebis ganuyofeli nawilia da mravali ZafiTaa dakavSirebuli mis mier aR-
niSnuli teqstis ideursa da motivur qsovilTan. igi jer kidev kiTxvis dawyebamde TvalnaT-
liv warmoaCens nawarmoebis mizandasaxulobas da imTaviTve avtorisTvis sasurveli mimarTu-
lebiT warmarTavs kiTxvis process. ra Tqma unda, gansxvavebulia saTaurebis aRnagoba, maTi
stilisturi Seferiloba, gansxvavebulia yovel calkeul SemTxvevaSi maTi kavSiri teqstTan
da amitom am kavSiris Taviseburebis dadgena specialuri kvlevis sagnad unda iqces xolme.
miuxedavad amisa, SeiZleba gamoiyos is saerTo niSnebi da moTxovnebic, romelTac nebis-
mieri kargad SerCeuli saTauri unda akmayofilebdes:
saTauri ar unda iyos damoukidebeli da TavisTavadi mniSvnelobis mqone leqsikuri
erTeuli, romelic garedan aqvs mikruli mxatvrul teqsts, aramed nawarmoebis orga-
nul da ganuyofel nawils unda Seadgendes;
saTauri imTaviTve unda warmoaCendes nawarmoebis arss. xolo misi kavSiri mxatvruli
teqstis problematikasTan kiTxvis procesSi sul ufro naTeli unda xdebodes mkiT-
xvelisTvis;
saTauri unda sTavazobdes mkiTxvels teqstis aRqmis kuTxes da pirvel xanebSi mainc
unda warmarTavdes kiTxvis process. igi unda Seicavdes garkveul informacias, rome-
lic avtorisTvis sasurveli mimarTulebiT aamoqmedebs mkiTxvelis warmosaxvas;
amave dros, saTauri ar unda iqces amocanis amoxsnad. ar unda sTavazobdes mkiTxvels
sakiTxis gadawyvetas, anu, sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, mas ar unda gadmohqondes teq-
stis dasawyisSi is, rac logikurad Txrobis dasasrulisTvisaa gankuTvnili;
saTauri unda iyos STambeWdavi. advilad dasamaxsovrebeli, igi unda iwvevdes mkiTxve-
lis interess da garkveul sakvebs unda sTavazobdes mis fantazias.
rac Seexeba mkiTxvels, man ar unda miiCnios saTauri wvrilmanad, aramed mxatvruli
nawarmoebis erT-erT mniSvnelovan komponentad unda cnos igi. vidre kiTxvas daiwyeb-
des, is unda Caukvirdes saTaurs da Seecados amoikiTxos masSi Cadebuli azri. xolo
kiTxva
TviT kiTxvis procesSi ki mudam unda axsovdes nawarmoebis saTauri da teqstis aRqmis
siswores am saTauriT unda amowmebdes.
I Tavi
rezo yaralaSvili
52
interpretacia
1. daakvirdiT IV paragrafSi warmodgenil zurab kakabaZis teqstis saTaurs. es aris galak-

tion tabiZis erTi cnobili striqonis nawyveti. moiZieT am nawyvetis gagrZeleba da
dafiqrdiT, Tqven rom dageweraT es ese, saTaurad igive fragments datovebdiT Tu
ufro ganavrcobdiT? ratom?
2. warmogidgenT revaz inaniSvilis or patara teqsts.
daasaTaureT qvemoT warmodgenili teqsti da axseniT, ra kriteriumebiT ixelmZRvane-

leT saTauris SerCevisas.
romel literaturul Janrs miakuTvnebT Tqven mier dasaTaurebul teqsts.
Tqveni azriT, SesaZlebelia Tu ara am teqstis gagrZeleba. dadebiTi pasuxis SemTxvevaSi

Tqveni versia warmoadgineT werilobiT. uaryofiTi pasuxis SemTxvevaSi ki Tezisebis
saxiT ganmarteT, ratomaa es SeuZlebeli.
`Tebervlis qaria, Tovlic moaqvs.

saavadmyofos karze akakunebs SaviTmosili daleuli dedaberi, _ guliko eqims dauZaxeT,
guliko eqimi gamoaxedeT! gaiReba fanjara frTxilad. dedaberi Zvaltyavad qceul akankalebul
xels Seyobs rkinis cxaurSi, _ ai, es duxi mogarTviT, Svilo, kargad mimixedeT im patara biWs,
ai, es duxi mogarTviT... guliko eqimi gaumweoebuli dahyurebs `pikovaia damas~. _ rogor ge-
kadrebaT, bebo, Cven isedac kargad movuvliT! dedabers xels ukan gamoawevinebs da fanjris
daxurvas cdilobs. dedabers uceb Camouva cremlebi Camqral Rawvebze, _ sxva vera SevZeli ra,
Svilo!.. guliko eqimi isev gaaRebs fanjaras. iRimis, Tanac Cqar-Cqara axamxamebs Tvalebs. _
momeci, bebo! gmadlobT, didi madlobeli. kargad, Zalian kargad movuvliT Tqvens biWs. _ sxva
vera SevZeli ra, Svilo!.. guliko eqimi fanjrisken zurgmoqceviT jdeba da qviTini waskdeba.
dedaberic cremlis RvriT gascildeba saavadmyofos. midis, qari miabarbacebs, sxva eqimebi
SemkrTal mowmeebsaviT dganan. Tovlis fifqebi da xis totebi gamwarebulni awydebian erT-
maneTs~.
waikiTxeT qvemoT warmodgenili moTxroba da gaarkvieT, ratom SearCia mweralma es

saTauri. swori pasuxis misagnebad mxolod imas getyviT, rom arsebobs Zveli berZnuli
miTi sizifeze...
sizife
_ ega, Svilo.... magisTana xirurgi meore ar aris Cvens qalaqSi. cota dabalia, magram, samagi-
erod, mxrebSi rogor aris gaSlili! saxec simpatiuri aqvs, vaJkacurad CanaRvlianebuli. Tqvenc
SeamCnevdiT ukve, Rimili icis _ keTili, keTili. gamoanaTebs xolme TeTri kbilebiT. mTeli
qalaqi magisi pativismcemelia. moskovSic xSirad dahyavT, televizorSic gamodis, xalxs ari-
gebs, rodis rogor unda moiqcnen, raime rom dauSavdebaT. dalagebuli laparaki icis, mSvidi.
kiTxva
marto ojaxur ambebSi ar gauRima bedma. coli hyavs erTi uZravi boWka, Tavisze Tormeti
wliT ufrosi, _ jarSi rom iyo, maSin aikida, _ sul vaiSi da uiSi myofi. tan-fexi imas ar uvar-
goda Tavidanve da xasiaTi, magram swored magisTana qalebma ician xolme jariskacebis miCveva.
I Tavi
jariskacs kidev ra _ oRond Tbili iyos da rbili raime da imas dagidevs, ra guneba-xasiaTi
aqvs; SeiZvrenen egeTi qalebi sabanqveS qorfa biWebs, xelad gaiberaven mucels, mere wamouS-
veben ortota cremls da... Tu mTlad qvis guli ara aqvs biWs, mohkidebs xels da wamoiyvans
ded-mamis gulisgasaxeTqad saxlSi. 53
maganac egre qna, mag sawyalma. erTi Svili iqve gauCina qalma, biWi, jarSi, meorec, gogo,
maSinve miuyola faTifuTiT. TviTon sul iwva, imitom gasqelda da gasivda, sul gulze edo
xeli, eg kaci ki darboda da dReSi samjer iZrobda tyavs. biWi, _ umaqnisi, umaqnisi, _ saSualo
daamTavra Tu ara, gadaeyara erT parikmaxer qals zRvaze, waiyvana im qalma TavisTan, aWmevs,
asmevs, Tanac scems Turme, Sors arian, sadRac jandabaSi. gogo hyavs Sin, isic erTi boWka, pir-
wavardnili dedamisi, sanam is mibrund-mobrundeba, mze amova da Cava. Rlita es gogo erTma
aferistma, mere dahkra fexi da wavida, daikarga...
hqonda erTxel erTi romani eqims. magasTan muSaobda eqTani gogo, patara, sul TmebgaSli-
li, sul xaxaxuxSi myofi. imis SerTva undoda colad. iman kidev, im kaxpam, jer magas aWyletina
Tavi, mere, erT mSvenier dRes viRac moWidaves Camoekida kameCis kiserze. darCa eg sacodavi
eqimi egre.
col-SvilSi rom veraferi gamouvida kargi, axla SviliSvilebzea gadamkvdari. magas ve-
ravin aaswrebs diliT. darbis uTenia CanTebiTa da rZis boTlebiT xelSi. TviTonve mihyavs
patarebi, erTi _ skolaSi, meore _ sabavSvo baRSi. es magisi gogo sadRacas muSaobs, samxedro-
ebSi, viTom wamiT ar SeuZlia dagvianeba. eqimis TavSi sacemia yvelaferi _ samsaxuri, ramden
operacias akeTebs xan dReSi, saqveyno saqmeebi, mere bavSvebis gaseirneba. CasWidebs xelebs da
dahyavs. Tan sul elaparakeba, sul raRaceebs aswavlis. xan swored im dros gamouZaxeben saa-
vadmyofoSi. wava, Caicvams TeTr xalaTs da rezinis xelTaTmanebs da daiwyebs operaciis keTebas.
TiTqos da im uZravi col-Svilis jibrze, sul moZraobs, sul dafacicebulia. xandaxan ki uceb
icis gaCereba. SeiZleba mTlad Sua quCaSic ki gaCerdes. gaCerdeba, fiqrobs, uyvirian mZRolebi,
uceb gamoerkveva, Caiqnevs xels da wava gaCqarebuli.
SviliSvilebi Zalian kargebi hyavs, gogona da biWi. gogona _ rva wlisa, biWi _ eqvsisa.
isinic giJdebian papisTvis. mivlen xelixelCakidebulni saavadmyofosTan, gaCerdebian ezo-
Si da iyurebian maRla. mohkraven papas fanjaraSi Tvals da sixaruliT xtian, bednierebi
arian. Tu papamac dainaxa, maSin xom... ii! _ gamoaRebs fanjaras papa, gadmosZaxebs maRlidan,
_ aba, mibrundiT da, marS, Sinisaken! axlave, marS, Sinisaken! gogo da biWi cotas jiutoben,
mere haerovan kocnas gaugzavnian, mibrundebian da gaiqcevian. iqve, axlos cxovroben, saa-
vadmyofosTan, did gzaze ar uxdebaT gadasvla. eqimic rom gamova, isic TiTqmis sirbiliT
midis Sinisaken. Sin is vaiviS Semdgari coli da Tvalebamorecxili gogo xvdebian. im gogos-
Tvis TiTqosda sul erTia, kargi iqneba Tu avi, gasaxareli Tu sawuxari...
axlo amxanagebi sizifes eZaxian eqims. ras niSnavs es sizife, ar vici, col-Svilis monas
Tu... ar vici...
r. inaniSvili
kiTxva
I Tavi
54
§ VI
avtoris Sesaxeb
`jemal qarCxaZe urTierTobaSi sruliad araambiciuri kaci iyo, rac,

cxadia, imas sulac ar niSnavs, rom Tavis fasi ar icoda. arada, misi fasi
bevrma ar icoda, zogierTma ki, ZiriTadad, mweralTa masas vgulisxmob,
ase Tu ise icoda, magram mifuCeCeba erCia, raki TviTon, Tavisi xasiaTis
gamo, win arasodes gamoxteboda. mis saTanadod aRiarebas bevri ram uSlida
xels, pirvel rigSi ki albaT is, rom jemal qarCxaZe principulad ar iyo
jemal sabWoTa mwerali. me aq sabWouri Tematikisagan ganridebas ar vgulisxmob,
qarCxaZe Serbilebuli cenzuris pirobebSi amas bevri axerxebda. sabWourma sinam-
1936_1998 dvilem mxatvrul nawarmoebs erTplanianoba daukanona _ mTeli saTqmeli
`_ erTaderTi, rac zedapirze unda idos, azrobrivadac da emociuradac, maTze sruli kon-
danamdvilebiT
vici, isaa, rom ara- troli unda xerxdebodes. es principi warmatebiT muSaobda da arc ki aRiq-
vin uwyis ra aris meboda, rogorc Tavsmoxveuli, igi, SeiZleba iTqvas, gemovnebaSi gajda.
adamianis daniS- jemal qarCxaZe ki principulad ar iyo sabWoTa mwerali, Tan garide-
nuleba... me rom es
vicode, maSinve buli iyo mTel im umsgavsobas, zneobrivad gamaCanagebel im oromtrials,
yvelafers miva- romelsac literaturuli cxovreba erqva da romlis mesveurnic rangebsa
tovebdi, gamovida wodebebs awesebdnen, an, ufro sworad, TviTon iwesebdnen. jemal qar-
dodi da yvirils
daviwyebdi, xalxo, CxaZes Tavisi Sinagani buneba, zneobrivi sifaqize, araviTar SesaZleblobas
ai, es aris-meTqi ar utovebda am gniasSi Cabmuliyo da Tavisi kuTvnili wili moeTxova. man
Tqveni daniSnu- pirwmindad nawarmoebs miando, gza TavisiT gaekvlia da es gulubryvilo-
leba da icodeT...~
biT sulac ar mosvlia. mSvenivrad icoda, rom CvenSi Tavis beds mindobili
j. qarCxaZe
nawarmoebi gzis gakvlevas didxans, Zalian didxans undeba. igi am process
mSvidad adevnebda Tvals da arafers iTxovda. oRond erTi bedniereba
mainc xvda wilad, rogorc mwerals: misi arcTu mravalricxovani mkiTxveli (es misi samwerlo
maneris Sedegicaa) TiTqmis uklebliv saukeTeso mkiTxveli iyo~.
daviT werediani
jemal qarCxaZe
rahaT-luxumi
I
moxuc suleimans stambolis gareubanSi gadaveyare.
sxvisa ar vici da me ki, ramdenjerac mogzaurobidan Sin davbrunebulvar, yvelaze tkbil
mogonebad mudam ucxo qalaqebis Sukebsa da quCabandebSi xetiali gamomyolia. amitom im dRe-
sac, damTavrda Tu ara darbazoba sulTnis1 did vezirTan, hercogs2 daveTxove da myisve saxe-
kiTxva
tialod gaveSure. Zvel mesas rom gavcdi, gezi dasavleTiT aviRe, gadavwyvite, is adgilebi
menaxa, sadac, gadmocemis Tanaxmad, bizantielebma jer kidev meoTxe konstantinosis3 dros
gaaSenes saucxoo baRebi da venaxebi.
I Tavi
1
sulTani _ mefis tituli mahmadianur qveyanaSi.
2
hercogi _ dasavleT evropaSi: Tavad-aznaurTa erT-erTi umaRlesi tituli.
3
meoTxe konstantinosi _ bizantiis imperatori.
55
alalbedze mivdiodi da im patara, damrec, mwvaneSi Caflul quCazec SemTxveviT aRmov-
Cndi.
rogorc ki Sevuxvie, maSinve davinaxe moxuci Turqi, romelic garindebuli ijda mzis gul-
ze, gzis piras, Robeze mimagrebul dabal, viwro merxze; gaZvaltyavebuli da danaoWebuli
xelebi muxlebze ewyo, odnav win waxriliyo da Tvalebi mielula; ver gaigebdiT, fiqrebs mis-
cemoda Tu Tvlemda. fexebTan saxeldaxelo yuTi edga da Sig rahaT-luxumis mogrZo, oTxkuT-
xa naWrebi ewyo. siberes (da sibereze metad albaT Triaqis4 uzomod xmarebas) ise gaelia, ise
Camoedno da gamoeSro, Soridan patara da Cia momeCvena, Tumca mere, kargad rom davakvirdi,
mivxvdi, rom gvarianad maRali kaci yofila. Savgvremani saxe, romelsac ukve avadmyofuri
siyviTle Sehparvoda, Rrma da xSiri naoWebiT hqonda daRaruli, yvrimalis Zvlebi ise amoSve-
roda, Txeli, sifrifana kani ZlivsRa ufaravda, Tavze wiTeli Calma exura, grZeli, WaRara,
bolowawvetebuli wveri Cavardnil mkerdze efina. Rrmad Camsxdar, wvrilsa da civ Tvalebs
mZimed gadmofarebuli quTuToebis qveS saxedvelad mcire napraliRa darCenoda. ijda ase
viwro merxze, gamomxmari, gamofituli da ucxod, araamqveyniurad garindebuli, TiTqos suls
patroni saxlidan gaegdo da quCis piras rahaT-luxumis gamyidvelad gaemwesebina, raTa marto
darCeniliyo da iseT safiqralze efiqra, rasac sxeulTan ukve aRaraferi esaqmeboda.
stambolSi, am did, Wrelsa da xmaurian qalaqSi, sadac mogzauris Tvals aTasi ram axarebs
da atkbobs, Triaqisagan gamom-
Srali berikacebi, romelTac
yovel quCaze Tu ara, yovel me-
ore quCaze mainc waawydebi, di-
di veraferi sanaxaobaa. mec er-
Ti Sevavle Tvali rahaT-luxu-
mis moxuc gamyidvels da, misi
xma rom ar gamegona da misi sit-
yvebisTvis ar momekra yuri,
romlebic ase ucnaurad CamrCa
gulSi, yuradRebas ar mivaqcev-
di da, ise gavemgzavrebodi stam-
bolidan, am quCisken pirs aRar
vizamdi.
tuCebs rom acmacunebda, es
Soridanve SevniSne, magram amis
gamo cnobiswadili ar aRmZvria,
radgan kargad vici, rom moxu-
cebs CveviaT xmamaRla fiqri
(papaCemmac ase icoda).
amasobaSi axlo mivedi da im
adgilidan, sadac pirvelad
mowvda yurs misi xma, vidre im
adgilamde, saca es xma isev miw-
yda, mkafiod gavigone (Turqe-
bis ena maSin ukve kargad
kiTxva
vicodi) sityvebi: `...upatronod ar dayris Tavis Svilebs. alahi uricxv laSqars gamogzavnis
da qveynierebis vrcel fardagze SanTiT amowvavs im adgils, sadac Seni turfa miwa-wyalia
I Tavi
amoqarguli! o, cbierebis da mzakvrobis budev! ferfli da nacari darCeba...~

es sityvebi jer TiTqos Sori-axlo momdevdnen. quCa rom CavaTave, maSinRa wamomewivnen da
iseTi xmauriT Semocvivdnen gonebaSi, rom SevkrTi da SevCerdi. vis emuqreboda ase gaboro-
56 4
Triaqi _ opiumi.
tebiT es kaci, romelic oTxmocdaaTs gadacilebuli Tu ara, mitanebuli mainc unda yofiliyo
da albaT ukve im qveynisad ufro iTvleboda, vidre am qveynisad? ase mwared ra Cahyva sulSi,
rom Rrma sibereSic ki, roca kaci RvTis siaxloves unda grZnobde da masTan Seyris molodinma
yvela amqveyniuri amaoeba, avica da kargic, unda dagaviwyos, javri ver moenelebina?
erTi dapireba gzis gagrZeleba davapire, magram gulma ar momiTmina, mivtrialdi da ukan
wavedi. amjerad ufro nela mivabijebdi im imediT, rom mets gavigonebdi da egeb gamego kidec,
aseTi ra balRami5 utrialebda gulSi.
male SevniSne, rom moxuci aRar laparakobda. tuCebis cmacuni Seewyvita, ukve sruliad
gaSeSebuli da gaxevebuli ijda da ise Rrmad CaZiruliyo ucxo garindebaSi, rom dasWirvebo-
da, albaT, TviTonve gauWirdeboda sakuTari Tavis moZebna. magram swored im wams, ra wamsac
gavuswordi da win unda Camevlo, moulodnelad civi, gamkivani xmiT dasZaxa:
_ iyideT rahaT-luxumi! mTeli stamboli rom moiaroT, aseT gemriel rahaT-luxums ver-
sad naxavT! iyideT rahaT-luxumi!
da isev ise, erTbaSad da mowyvetiT, gaCumda.
am xmis gagonebaze ise SevkrTi, wamiT momeCvena, TiTqos mkvdarma dailaparaka, romelsac
uecrad moagonda, rom sicocxleSi raRac darCa saTqmeli. ase iyo Tu ise, moxuci ar Serxeula,
ZarRvi ar Setokebia da ise warmoTqva es sityvebi, albaT TviTonac ar gaugia.
me SevCerdi da erTxans Sevicade, magram ra davinaxe imqveyniuri siRrmidan amosvlas aRar
apirebda, gamolaparakeba ver gavbede, ukanve gavtrialdi, sxva quCaSi Sevuxvie da Cemi gza
ganvagrZe.
imedi mqonda, stambolis didebuli sanaxebis wyalobiT moxucis ucnauri sityvebi male
gulidan gadamvardeboda. Cemda gasakvirad piriqiT moxda: rac ufro meti dro gadioda, fiq-
rebi miT ufro mWidrod iyridnen Tavs rahaT-luxumis gamyidvelis irgvliv. ra ukeTuri Zala
tanjavda ase sabralo berikacs? romeli miwa-wyali undoda amoewva qveynierebis vrcel far-
dagze? ra boRma da naRveli hqonda aseTi, rom amqveynad ver moeSorebina da im qveynad mi-
mavals Tan mihyveboda?
es kiTxvebi ise mawvalebda da maforiaqebda, rom ver movisvene da meore dRes, mzis Cas-
vlis Jams, kvlav im quCas mivadeqi.
moxuci iq damxvda, saca davtove. ijda gaSeSebuli, garindebuli, fiqrebSi CaZiruli. me
nabiji Sevanele da gamolaparakebis sababs davuwye Zebna. bedad, axlo rom mivedi, tuCebi aac-
macuna da male wuwuns mohyva:
_ Sen axla alahis kalTaSi gidevs Tavi, oman faSav, Cemo arwivo, magram moxuc suleimans ra
pasuxs aZlev?! me, vinc saxelmwifo saqmeebs unda vwyvetde, stambolis quCebSi rahaT-luxums
vyidi, vinc rahaT-luxumis gamyidveladac ar vargian, sasaxleSi sxedan da saxelmwifo saqmeebs
wyveten...
esa Tqva da gaCumda.
maSin me moridebiT Sevexmiane:
_ miuteve kadniereba ucxo qveynidan mosul mogzaurs. Cemda uneburad yuri movkari Sens
mwuxare sityvebs da dauZlevelma cnobiswadilma Semipyro; Cans, oman faSas ambavi friad sagu-
lisxmo da Rirssacnobi unda iyos.
moxuci ar Serxeula. vifiqre, Cemi naTqvami ver gaigona-meTqi, da is iyo Tavidan unda
damewyo, rom uceb naRvlianad da sinanuliT Tqva:
_ xedav, Cemo didebulo oman faSav: Soreuli qveynebidan ucxo gvar-tomis xalxi modis
Seni ambis gasagebad... _ aq cota xans gaCumda, mere Tavi nela aswia, jer Cems daSnas daacqerda,
kiTxva
mere mantias ise aayol-daayola muStris Tvali, TiTqos raRacas angariSobso, bolos civi
mzera saxeze momabjina da uceb dahkivla: _ iyideT rahaT-luxumi! mTeli stamboli rom mo-
I Tavi
iaroT, aseT gemriel rahaT-luxums versad naxavT! iyideT rahaT-luxumi!

miyurebda da mimqral TvalebSi molodini edga. me aRmosavleTis qveynebSi bevri mimog-
zauria da advilad mivxvdi, rom oman faSas ambis safasurad rahaT-luxumis yidva momiwevda.
5
balRami _ (gadat.) RvarZli, gesli, boroteba.
57
tkbileulis moyvaruli saerTod ara var, miT umetes misi xeliT mowodebuli arafrad mepit-
naveboda, magram axla amaze iyo damokidebuli Cemi cnobiswadilis dakmayofileba, amitom swra-
fad gavikari xeli jibeze da rahaT-luxumi gamovarTvi.
mTeli stamboli rom mogevloT, amaze ugemur rahaT-luxums versad naxavdiT. erTi ki
SevSindi, moxucs ar SeemCnia, ra zizRiT vWamdi mis naqeb nugbars, da cali TvaliT qurdulad
gavxede, magram mas CemTvis aRar ecala: fuli kargad, dakvirvebiT gasinja, mere xvanjari gai-
wia da Sarvlis qveS Caitena. amas rom morCa, xelebi muxlebze daiwyo, milululi Tvalebi Sors,
CemTvis uxilav romeliRac wertils miapyro da gairinda. manam ijda ase garinduli, sanam da-
naoWebul saxeze sicocxlis ukanaskneli niSani ar waeSala. rodesac mTlianad CaiZira sadRac,
ararsebobis ufskrulSi, da megona mec davaviwydi da, rahaT-luxumic-meTqi, uceb dabal xmaze
moTqmiT Tu wamRerebiT daiwyo:
_ o, brwyinvale da didebulo oman faSav, moxuci suleimanis imedo da sasoebav! o, lomisa
da mzis naSiero! Seni mxar-beWi farTo iyo, rogorc qafadaRis mTa, Seni tani Camoqnili iyo,
rogorc Taflis sanTeli, Seni Tvalebi kaSkaSa iyo, rogorc zafxulis mze! Seni mSvenieri
pirisaxis danaxvaze turfa xaTunebi Cumad oxravdnen! me Sen arwivad da Sevardnad gzrdidi,
raTa Rrublebis Tavze gefrina. o, mamaco da lomgulo! Seni mokveTili Tavi mkvdar mzes hgav-
da, brZeno da gmiro! Sen mTvare taxtad unda gdgmoda, varskvlavTa jari fexqveS xaliCad
gfenoda da mze CiraRdnad gnTeboda, o, oman faSav!..
aq moxuci gaCumda da erTxans Cumad iyo, mere nel-nela gamoerkva, saxeze kvlav daubrunda
sicocxlis mciredi niSani, TvalebSic Zveleburi sicive Caudga, mZimed aswia Tavi, erTi gak-
virvebiT amaTval_CamaTvaliera, TiTqos cdilobda gaexsenebina, vin viyavi da aq ra mindoda,
bolos isev sivrces Caacqerda, weRandeliviT CaiZira sadRac, uxilav siRrmeSi, da axla ukve
wynari, bunebrivi xmiT ganagrZo:
_ meSvide weliwadSi idga, rodesac mis maswavleblad mimiwvies. maSin, jer kidev axalgaz-
rda viyavi, magram ukve bevri ram menaxa da bevri ram vicodi. Tavidan sabrZolo xelovneba
mitacebda da male mamaci da TavzexelaRebuli meomris saxeli davigde. brZola rom mom-
bezrda, xan yuranis6 Seswavlas mivyavi xeli, xan sibrZnismetyvelebas CavuRrmavdi; erTxans
leqsebsac vTxzavdi da sasaxlis mgosnebs vejibrebodi. magram bolomde arcerT saqmes ar
mivyolivar. daudgromeli guli mqonda, yvelaferi male myirWdeboda da erT adgilas did-
xans ver vZlebdi. Tavad ar vicodi, ra mindoda. oman faSas maswavleblad rom mimiwvies, jer
uaris Tqma davapire, magram mere davTanxmdi. vifiqre, roca mombezrdeba, avdgebi da amasac
mivatoveb-meTqi. aba, maSin ras warmovidgendi, rom Turme alahis nebiT Cemi cxovrebis Tav-
mizans mivdgomodi, swored is mepova, rasac mTeli sicocxle Seucnoblad veZebdi! oman faSa
sakvirveli ymawvili gamodga. mardi iyo, moqnili, Seupovari xasiaTi hqonda da mkvircxli
goneba. jer kidev balRi ise daagelvebda ubelo7 raSs, rogorc zRapruli Wabuki, xmals gawa-
fuli meomariviT atrialebda, yuranis codniT swavlulebi gancvifrebaSi mohyavda. yvelaferi
uxvad hqonda momadlebuli _ Wkua-gonebac, Zal-Ronec, silamazec. erTi sityviT, alahis brwyin-
vale mzis qveS saukeTeso Segirdma saukeTeso ostati ipova. da me kadnieri mizani amoviWeri
gulSi: gadavwyvite, ise gamezarda, mTel osmaleTSi misi mjobni aravin yofiliyo da, Tu alahic
inebebda, Tavis droze sulTnis taxti Caegdo xelT. oman faSa sulTnad iyo dabadebuli, magram
amisaTvis ostatad suleimani unda Sexvedroda, xolo suleimani sulTnis aRmzrdelad iyo
dabadebuli, magram amisTvis Segirdad oman faSa unda Sexvedroda. raki am Sexvedras didma
alahma dasturi misca, Cems sicocxles amis Semdeg sxva mizani ara hqonia. rac dro gadioda, miT
kiTxva
ufro vrwmundebodi Cemi gadawyvetilebis sisworeSi da TandaTan naTlad vxedavdi Cvens mo-
mavals: is mze da lomi, didi da brwyinvale saxelmwifos taxtze ijda, me ki, misi gamzrdeli da
mTavari mrCeveli, mxarmarjvniv vedeqi... oci wlisa rom Seiqna, misi ganswavlulobis, sibrZnis,
I Tavi
gonierebisa da WabukisTvis esoden naadrevi sidinjisa da windaxedulobis ambavi sasaxleSi
6
yurani _ wigni, romelsac musulmanTaTvis iseTive mniSvneloba aqvs, rogoric biblias qristian-
TaTvis. Targmnilia qarTulad.
58 7
ubelo _ Seukazmavi (cxeni).
ukve cnobili iyo. misi Tvaltanadoba, pirmSveniereba, momxiblaoba, TavdaWeriloba da sityva-
pasuxi mTel stambols pirze ekera. male Zalgulovneba da siCauqec8 daamtkica: mas Semdeg, rac
ramdenime brZola gadaixada da saxelic gaiTqva, sulTnis winaSe warvadgine gamosacdelad da
didi aRlumis dros, romelic sulTnis dabadebis dRes mieZRvna, qveynis saukeTeso mxedarTa
da meomarTa asparezobaze yvela saxelganTqmuli vaJkaci dajabna. sulTani didad naamebi darCa.
gamarjvebuli oman faSa SviliviT miiRo da gurjistanidan Tavis droze davlad9 wamoRebuli
oqrostariani xanjali uboZa. o, ra didebuli sanaxavi iyavi, sworupovaro oman faSav, rodesac
sulTnis win muxlmoyrilma naCuqari xanjali bageebTan miitane da eambore!.. im dRes Cemma
arwivma frTebi ise gaiqnia, rom cxadi Seiqna, asafrenad ukve mzad iyo. magram didi sifrTxilec
swored am drosaa saWiro, marTalia, sulTanma SviliviT miiRo da miealersa, magram aman sasax-
lis didebulTa ugunur Surs kidev meti cecxli SeunTo, arwivi ki jer imdenad moRonivrebuli
ar iyo, mtrebisa da moSurneebis Tvalwin Sig sataxto qalaqis SuagulSi afreniliyo. axla
yvelafers isa sjobda, sadme, qveynis ganapira mxareSi wavsuliyaviT, sadac Tavis gamoCena ufro
iolia, da roca didebis SaravandediT dabrundeboda, kariskacebis Suri da mtrobac SiSad da
mowiwebad iqceoda. bevri vifiqreT da arCevani gurjistanis vilaieTze10 SevaCereT. iq, yi-
zilbaSebTan metoqeobaSi, Wkuac ukeT gamoCndeboda da mklavic. oRond yovelive ise movawyeT,
Txovna ar dagvWirveboda. rom gveTxova, didebulebs egeb eWvi aeRoT da saqme ukuRma Seetri-
alebinaT. Cveni Wkua vixmareT da swored is didebulebi gamoviyeneT, romlebsac oman faSa
yvelaze metad sZuldaT. moxerxebulad CavawveTeT yurSi, rom oman faSas aRzeveba maTs siZli-
eres did xifaTs uqmnida da erCivnaT, sanam dro iyo, Tavidan moeSorebinaT da sadme Sors,
vTqvaT axalcixeSi, gadaekargaT. xerxma iolad gaWra da amgvarad ganzraxva Cvenive mtrebis
xeliT SevisruleT. oman faSa axalcixeSi dainiSna jaris ufrosad... _ aq moxucma Tavi Cahkida,
_ ee-he-he-he, Cemo brwyinvale da didebulo oman faSav! Sen ki alahis kalTaSi gidevs Tavi,
magram sabralo suleimans ra pasuxs aZlev?! me, vinc saxelmwifo saqmeebs unda vwyvetde, stam-
bolis quCebSi rahaT-luxums vyidi, isini ki, vinc rahaT-luxumis gamyidveladac ar vargian,
saxelmwifo saqmeebs wyveten... _ moxuci gaCumda. me videqi da moTminebiT velodi. bolos, ro-
gorc iqna, ganagrZo, _ axalcixeSi marTlac sul male didi saxeli moixveWa. gansakuTrebiT
meomrebs uyvardaT, ise uyvardaT, misi gulisTvis Tundac cecxlSi gadacvivdebodnen. yvela-
feri rigze midioda. axla saWiro iyo erTi didi brZola gadagvexada da ise mogvego, rom
mTeli stamboli agvelaparakebina. oman faSa ar Cqarobda da xelsayrel SemTxvevas eloda.
male es SemTxvevac mogveca. dahkra gadamwyvetma Jamma. o, ra kargad gvqonda mTeli gegma daw-
yobili da mofiqrebuli! Tu alahi ar gadagvidgeboda, sxva veraferi SegviSlida xels: luarsab-
xans datyvevebuls mivgvridiT did sulTans, mTel gurjistans, vidre kaxeTamde, osmaleTis
xeldebulad vaqcevdiT da pirSiCalagamovlebul iranis Sahs simwrisagan sul wvers vagleji-
nebdiT. maSin gamarjvebuli arwivic iseT kamaras Sekravda, misi mtrebi da moSurneebi kur-
dRlebiviT soroebSi miimalebodnen. magram vai, rom Cvens sanukvar imeds aRsruleba ar ewera...
eeh, ali mirza, rogor gacudda Seni misnoba!.. _ aq moxuci isev gaCumda da didi xniT CaiZira
fiqrebSi. mere, rodis-rodis, ganagrZo, _ aTasi weli rom vicocxlo, aTasi weli CemTan erTad
icocxlebs is saSineli sanaxaoba, romelsac mas Semdeg mudamdRe vxedav da versad davmalvivar...
pirveli brZola gurjebma viwro xeobaSi gagvimarTes. Tumca im brZolas brZola arc eTqmoda,
TamaSi ufro iyo, radgan gurjebi cotani iyvnen da mxolod imas cdilobdnen, daveyovnebineT
da dro moegoT, raTa luarsab-xans laSqris Seyra moeswro. marTalia, im ugzo-ukvlo xetia-
lis Semdeg daRlilobisagan fexze ZlivsRa videqiT, magram aseT mcirericxovan mowinaaR-
mdeges mainc iolad veyofodiT da, esec ar iyos, brZolis dros kacs daRla swrafad gaviwyde-
kiTxva
ba. aba, maSin ra vicodiT, rom Turme alahma xeli agvaRo da bediswera fexdafex mogvdevda!..
ficxeli brZola atyda, Cans, gurjebs Cvens Sesakaveblad sul darCeuli meomrebi gamoegzavnaT,
I Tavi
gund-gundad vibrZodiT. me brZolaSi gaverTe da ar gamigia, rogor davSordi oman faSas.
8
siCauqe _ simarde, simamace.
9
davla _ igivea rac nadavli.
10
vilaieTi _ msxvili administraciul-teritoriuli erTeuli.
59
esec, etyoba, alahis neba iyo da bedisweris ganCineba, Torem aki daTqmuli mqonda, Cems gaz-
rdils gverdidan arasodes movcilebodi! axlac ar vici, ase rogor gamitaca brZolam, rom
aRTqma davarRvie. oi, bedkrulo suleiman! davarRvie Tu ara aRTqma, mosaxdenic maSinve moxda:
brZolaSi garTuls uecrad raRac sazareli, veluri kivili Semomesma, romelic dResac yu-
rebSi midgas: `hait, ta-ta-ta-ta-ta!~ iseTi xma iyo, ZarRvebSi sisxli gameyina da xmali haerSi
gamiSeSda. wamic da Cemi mopirdapire damaswrebda. neta daeswro! neta nawil-nawil avekuwe!
maSin xom Cemi ubeduri Tvalebi aRar ixilavdnen imas, rac ixiles!.. swrafadve movege gons,
mowinaaRmdeges xmali mxarSi davkari da, cxenidan rom gadmovarda, im mxares mivixede, saidanac
is SemaZrwunebeli xma momesma... o, muxTalo wuTisofelo! o, bedisweris msaxvralo xelo!..
mivixede da vxedav, Cemi arwivi SubiT mkerdgangmiruli miwaze gdia, zed erTi veeba, gabur-
Zgnuli gurji dadgomia, cali xeli wverSi Cauvlia, meoreSi xanjali uWiravs da yels Radravs...
gons rom movege, ukve cxenze ijda da oman faSas Tavi xelSi eWira. aq sxvebmac dainaxes da isini,
vinc ufro axlo iyvnen, xmalamowvdilebi misken gaqandnen. xifaTi rom igrZno, gurjma oman
faSas Tavi uecrad pirisken waiRo. o, alah! ididos Seni saxeli! megona, SeWmas upirebs-meTqi.
gaognebuli Sevcqerodi. gurjma ki oman faSas Tavi wveriT kbilebSua moiqcia, xeli gaiTavi-
sufla, xmali iSiSvla da cxeni adgils mowyvita. oman faSas Tavi mis banjgvlian mkerdze usa-
sood konwialobda. TiTqos raRac umZimes kiTxvaze mware dasturs iZlevao. sanam rames movi-
sazrebdi, gurjma dabneul meomrebs Soris cxendacxen gaikafa gza da male Tvals miefara... _
moxucma Tavi Cahkida da SeZrwunebiT Caibutbuta, _ Soridan orTavian urCxuls hgavda... _ aq
gaCumda da didxans Cumad iyo. videqi da velodi. moxuci rogorc iqna gamoerkva, erTi Semoxedva
Semomxeda kidec CabJutuli TvalebiT, magram xma aRar amouRia.
me erTxans kidev Sevcqerodi molodiniT da bolos, raki dumils ganagrZobda, vkiTxe:
_ mere? mere raRa moxda, suleiman efendi11?
moxucma odnav aswia Tavi da moWutuli Tvalebi Soreul sivrces miapyro.
_ raRa unda momxdariyo... _ Tqva wynarad da mware naRveliT, _ mze Caqra da qveyniereba
sibneleSi gaexvia... sardloba ismail faSam iTava, magram aba ismail faSa oman faSas magivrobas
rogor gaswevda!.. aki verc gaswia. gadamwyvet brZolaSi, mdinaris piras, romelic Cveni mdina-
rea, radgan Cveni miwidan miedineba, luarsab-xanma da saakaZem iseTi dRe dagvayares, axalcixeSi
ramdenime kaciRa davbrundiT... eeh, suli tkbilia, Torem dabrunebas sikvdili mijobda. aba,
mas Semdeg Cems cxovrebas gana kidev cxovreba hqvia?!
moxuci kvlav gaCumda. amjerad dumili Cveulebrivze met xans gagrZelda. bolos, ra Se-
vatye, xmis amoRebas aRar apirebda, gavbede da, uxerxuloba rom gamefanta da Cemi Tavic Semex-
senebina, vTqvi:
_ sakvirveli kia, aseT vaJkacs im gurjma rogor ajoba...
moxucma cerad gamomxeda da minavlul TvalebSi wamiT TiTqos zizRi gaukrTa. mere mzera
isev amarida, sivrces Caacqerda da gairinda. megona, kvlav fiqrebSi CaiZira-meTqi, magram
uceb SemcivnuliviT gaakankala da gamoerkva.
_ is jojoxeTi, romelic, axlac ar vici, marTla gadagvxda Tu mogvelanda, jer kidev Tval-
win gvedga. yvelaze metad oman faSa iyo gaognebuli. drodadro gaxevdeboda, laparaks Sua
sityvaze Sewyvetda da Tvali gauSterdeboda. axla danamdvilebiT vici, im wyeuli mRvdlis
ucnaur Rimils xedavda, tanjulsa da netars. erTxel yuric movkari, amgvarad gaxevebulma
rogor Cailaparaka: àki yvelanio, ali mirzav? maS, es ra iyo?..~ aseT dros bavSvic ki ajobebda.
Cans, brZolaSic egre mouvida. aki vambob, im wyeuli mRvdlis suli bediswerasaviT mogvdevda
kiTxva
fexdafex... Torem ase erTi gurji ras miqvia, gurjebis mTeli gundi ver gaumklavdeboda.
aRmosavleTSi kacs TavSekaveba gmarTebs. sulwasuloba Tu Segatyes, Zvirad dagisvamen.
I Tavi
magram es sibrZne gulidan gadamvarda, cnobiswadili veRar davioke da mouTmenlad vkiTxe:

_ aseTi ra SegemTxvaT, suleiman efendi? an is mRvdeli vin iyo?
moxucma mware sinanuliT gadaiqnia Tavi.
60 11
efendi _ batono.
_ Soreuli qveynebidan mosuli ucxo gvar-tomis xalxi mRvdlis ambavsac kiTxulobs, oman
faSav, Cemo arwivo... Tumc ra gasakviria: gana is wyeuli mRvdeli Seni bediswera ar iyo?! alahis
neba, alahis risxva da alahis maxvili... _ da uceb dahkivla, _ iyideT rahaT-luxumi! mTeli
stamboli rom moiaroT, aseT gemriel rahaT-luxums versad naxavT! iyideT rahaT-luxumi!
II
aq pirvelad gamkra eWvma, egeb yvelaferi es mxolod da mxolod savaWro xrikia, rahaT-
luxumis gasasaReblad mogonili, da vin icis, cbieri moxuci gulSi Cems miamitobaze icinis-
meTqi. arada, me aq, stambolSi, hercogs swored savaWro saqmeTa mrCevlad vaxldi. magram, tyu-
ili iyo Tu marTali, oman faSas Tavgadasavalma ukve ise gamitaca, rom ukan daxeva aRar SemeZlo.
amitom kidev erTi ulufa viyide da ZalisZalad SevWame. moxucma fuli weRandeliviT yurad-
RebiT gasinja, SarvalSi Caitena, mere xelebi muxlebze daiwyo, gaSeSda, gairinda da, sabolood
rom CaiZira sadRac, Tvaluwvdenel siRrmeSi, weRandeliviT moTqmiTa Tu wamRerebiT alapa-
rakda:
_ o, wyeulo miwav, cbierebisa da mzakvrobis budev! alahi upatronod ar dayris Tavis
Svilebs. alahi uricxv laSqars gamogzavnis da qveynierebis vrcel fardagze SanTiT amowvavs
im adgils, sadac Seni turfa miwa-wyalia amoqarguli. o, borotebisa da ukeTurobis akvano!
cecxlis enebi gadabugavs Sens samyofels! sisxlis mdinareSi daixrCobi! ferfli da nacari
darCeba Seni qalaqebidan da dabebidan! _ es rom Tqva, moxuci gaCumda. erTxans Cumad iyo da
mere wynarad ganagrZo, _ oman faSa axalcixeSi jars wvrTnida da beds eloda. xolo brZeni
swored is aris, visac lodini SeuZlia. marTlac, erT dRes ambavi mogvivida, luarsab-xans
mcire amaliT Tavis sazafxulo samyofelSi daedo bina, romeliRac sofelSi, romlis saxeli
maSin vicodi, magram mere damaviwyda. Cven es ambavi kargad SevamowmeT da, davrwmundiT, yvela-
feri marTla ase iyo, saidumlod SevudeqiT laSqrobis samzadiss. Tu sazRvars swrafad da
uCumrad gadavlaxavdiT, advilad SegveZlo moulodnelad davcemodiT luarsab-xans da tyved
Cagvegdo Tavis amalianad, romelTa Soris saakaZec iyo. maSin saakaZes ar vicnobdiT da erTi
ubralo didebulTagani gvegona, sxvaTa msgavsi da fardi. Turme ra gveleSapi da tartarozi
gagviSvia xelidan! magram alahma ineba, rom is sisxlis zRva, rac misi muxanaTobiTa da avkacobiT
daiRvara, dauRvreli ar darCeniliyo... me da oman faSa gurjistanSi namyofi ar viyaviT da
iqaurobas naklebad vicnobdiT. marTalia, axalcixeSi mravali gurji cxovrobda, magram eseni
umetesad qlesa monebi iyvnen, xolo monebis mixedviT rom mTel xalxze imsjelo, ueWvelad
motyuvdebi. Cveni varaudiT, rodesac luarsab-xans SevipyrobdiT, qarTlis gamgeblobas sul-
Tani oman faSas miscemda. ucxo qveyana rom marTo, didi sifrTxile da windaxeduloba gmarTebs.
monebis cnoba aq aras gargia, mona yvelgan erTnairia. xalxis zne da adaTi unda Seiswavlo,
unda miuxvde, ra gulisTqma aqvs, ra swadia da ras gimalavs; unda gamoicno ra manqanebiT mou-
qono Tavi da rogor Caunergo SiSi da siyvaruli. im dros axalcixeSi mravali didebuli iyo,
gurjistans rom kargad icnobda, magram me da oman faSam ali-mirzasTan daTaTbireba vamjobi-
neT. ali-mirzas mravali weli daeyo gurjistanSi da kidevac didxans apirebda darCenas, magram
qarTlis maSindelma mpyrobelma, svimon-xanma, raRacaze aiTvalwuna, auxirda, bolos, sababi
rom hqonoda, mstovroba12 daswama, daasaWurisebina da Tavisi samflobelodan gamoaZeva. mas
Semdeg axalcixeSi cxovrobda da mTel samahmadianoSi gamoCenili brZenisa da misnis13 saxeli
hqonda gavardnili. Cveni stumroba didad eama da Sesaferi pativiTac migviRo. rodesac Seityo,
kiTxva
gurjistanSi laSqrobas vapirebdiT, Tvalebi netarebiT milula da sasoebiT, TiTqos locvas

ambobso, CaimRera: `gurjistani tkbilia, rogorc iqauri yurZnis marcvali. nel-nela unda
I Tavi
daaWiro kbili da ise gasriso, rom sisxlis yovel wveTs gemo Caatano...~ oman faSam Cveni gegma
wvrilad uambo da uTxra, Tu ra rCeva da TaTbiri gvWirdeboda misgan, xolo me, saubari rom
12
mstovari _ mzveravi, jaSuSi.
13
61
misani _ bedis gamomcnobi, mkiTxavi, gulTmisani.
pirdapir saWiro sagnisken warmemarTa, vkiTxe, amboben, gurjebSi mravali moRalatis povna
SeiZleba, da Tu marTalia-meTqi. amaze ali-mirzam gaiRima da momigo, bunebiT yvela gurji
moRalatea, oRond eg aris, zogs eZleva Ralatis saSualeba da zogs arao, _ mere daumata, _
magram moRalatesTan saqmis daWeras sibrZne sWirdeba, radgan, vinc moyvares uRalatebs, is
mtersac uRalatebs, Seni mtris moRalate an unda mokla an Zalian didi jamagiri gauCinoo.
brZeni iyo ali-mirza, Tanac gurjebsa da gurjistans, Cans, marTla kargad icnobda. Surianebi
ariano, gviTxra, erTimeoris sikeTe mosvenebas ukargavT da, vinc maTs am Tvisebas brZnulad
gamoiyenebs, roca dasWirdeba, erTmaneTs iolad gadahkidebso. gurji unda aqoo, dagvariga,
Tavi ise unda moaCveno, viTom Sen imis ferxTa mtvrad ara Rirxaro, gurji gulubryviloa,
Tanac gadamTielis naTqvams yovelTvis ufro iolad ijerebs, vidre Tavisianisas, amitom swra-
fad mogendoba da Seuyvardebi, xolo raki Sen Seuyvardebi, sakuTari Zma SesZuldeba, radgan
erTi gurjis gulSi ori siyvaruli ver etevao. gurjebis ugunuroba yvelaze ukeT maTs ampar-
tavnobaSi Canso; TavianT uricxv nakls ise sasoebiT malaven, TiTqos erTi ram Zvirfasi sagan-
Zuri iyos; yvelaferi SeiZleba gapation, magram maTi nakli Tu SeamCnie, amas aramc da aramc ar
gapatieben, amitom Tavi ise daiWireT, viTom gurjisTana srulqmnili Tqvens dReSi aravin
genaxoT; amiT or rames miaRwevT _ morCilebaSic geyolebaT da Tavis uTvalav naklsac veraso-
des moiSorebso. oqro waiReT gurjistanSio, gvirCia, bevri oqro waiReT, gurji oqros da-
xarbdeba da monad gagixdeba, xolo raki monad gagixdeba, arc oqros dakargav, radgan Seni
monis oqro igive Seni oqroa. gaxsovdeT, maZRari gurji kargi gurjia, maZRar gurjs brZola
ar uyvars, maZRar gurjs mxarTeZoze wola da slokini uyvarso. me sulTnis laSqarSi mravali
gurji menaxa, romelTac omebSi didad gaeTqvaT saxeli, amitom vkiTxe, brZola rogori ician-
meTqi. brZola kargi iciano, momigo ali-mirzam, magram iseTi ara, rogorc Ralati, Ralatis
xelovnebaSi magaT badali ara hyavTo, ise ki, sxvis laSqarSi ufro mondomebiT ibrZvian, vinaidan
ucxoTa winaSe Tavis gamoCena uyvarTo. bolos me da oman faSam sityva imaze CamovugdeT, rac
yvelaze metad gvafiqrebda: luarsab-xans, eWvi araa, sazRvarze meTvalyure laSqari eyoleboda
dayenebuli, romelic, SegvniSnavda Tu ara, mefesTan myisve macnes afrenda. Cven am laSqrisa
arc adgilsamyofeli vicodiT da arc ricxvmravloba, amitom imeds siswrafeze vamyarebdiT.
sazRvramde SeZlebisdagvarad uCumrad unda gvevlo, ise rom, roca SegvniSnavdnen da macnes
gagzavnidnen, es macne imdenad ver dawinaurebuliyo, rom luarsab-xans laSqris Seyra moeswro.
ali-mirzam Cveni gegma ar moiwona. macnes sulac ar gagzavniano, gviTxra, mTa-mTa koconebs
daanTeben da Tvalis daxamxamebaSi acnobeben Tqvens gamoCenas, amitom isa sjobs, rogorme
menapire laSqris adgilsamyofeli daadginoTo. gvaswavla kidec, Tu rogor unda dagvedgina:
laSqrobis ambavi, ase saidumlod rom inaxavT, sando mstovrebs gaumxileT, raTa imaT saeWvo
gurjebs CaawveTon yurSi, oRond Tvalic adevnon, rom meti ar mouvideT, da Tu sam dReSi
luarsab-xanis menapire gundis adgilsamyofeli ver SeityeT, maS me ali-mirza ar vyofilvar
da gurjistani ar mcnobiao. xolo adgilsamyofels ra gaigebT, naSuaRamevs waadeqiT Tavs;
gurji arxeinia da uzrunveli, mudam RvTis imedzea da Tavisi gasakeTebelic RmerTs unda
gaakeTebinos. Rame Rvinos daleven da, Tu xerxianad ivliT da alahis nebac iqneba, mTvralebsa
da mZinareebs amoxocavTo. ali-mirzas rCeva WkuaSi dagvijda, saidumlo samzadiss mcire ram
WuWrutana davutaneT da saimedo mstovrebis meSveobiT uaRresad frTxilad gavavrceleT
xma, rom salaSqrod qarTls mivdiodiT. marTlac, mesame saRamos erTi gurji gvewvia da oman
faSas naxva iTxova. Sesaxedavad mSvenieri vaJkaci iyo, maRali, warmosadegi, lamazi, mxarbeWiani.
kexiani cxviri hqonda, aziduli warbebi da grZeli ulvaSebi. amayad Semovida, dardimandu-
kiTxva
lad, beWebis rxeviT. Tavi RirsebiT daukra oman faSas, friad saidumlo salaparako maqvso,
uTxra da TvaliT Cemze aniSna. oman faSa ise Sexvda, rogorc sapatio stumars, magram isic
I Tavi
uTxra, suleimani Cemi marjvena xelia da misgan damaluli araferi maqvso. gurjs es maincdama-
inc ar moewona da mTeli saubris ganmavlobaSi drodadro amreziT gadmomxedavda xolme. saT-
qmeli ki pirdapir daiwyo, miukibav-moukibavad. me veravin verafers gamomaparebs, vici, qarTls
midixarT salaSqrodo. me da oman faSam Tavi movikatuneT, viTom gurjis naTqvami didad
62
gagvikvirda. gurjma rom es SeniSna, eama, gaiRima kidec da kmayofilma dagviwyo damSvideba, nu
geSiniaT, aravisTvis miTqvams da arc vapireb vinmes vuTxra, piriqiT, aq imisTvis movedi, rom
samsaxuri gagiwioT. luarsab mefe me Tqvenze nakleb ar mejavreba, adgil-mamuli wamarTva da,
rom ar gamomeswro, Tavsac gamagdebinebda, ase rom, megobrad miguleT, magram erTi ki icodeT,
es saqme arc ise iolia, Tqven rom ggoniaT, luarsabi axla Ronieria, da Tu moulodnelad ar
daeciT, verafers daaklebT. pirvel rigSi menapire laSqari unda mouspoT, ise unda mouspoT,
rom mefes ambavi ar miuvides, menapire laSqris adgilsamyofeli ki amJamad axalcixeSi Cems
garda aravin iciso. da gaCumda. oman faSam oqroTi savse qisa aiRo, xelSi SeaTamaSa, da, es Tu
ikmarebso, hkiTxa. gurji Seecada sixaruli daemala, magram ise ver damala, rogorc ewada.
Tumca Tavi mainc yoCaRad daiWira. Cemi mizani SurisZiebaa da ara oqros Sovnao, Tqva, luarsab
mefis wyalobiT rom SiSvel-titveli da cariel-tarieli ar gadmovxvewiliyavi axalcixeSi,
mag oqros xelsac ar vaxlebdio. mere wvrilad, gasagebad agvixsna menapire laSqris adgilsam-
yofeli. roca daamTavra, wamodga da xeli qisisken gaiwoda. oman faSa Cemi gazrdili iyo! qisa
zurgsukan damala, Tavi gaiqnia da RimiliT uTxra, jildos sazRvarze miiReb, roca menapire
jarTan migviyvano. gurjs TvalebSi risxva gaukrTa, magram Tavi Seikava da esRa Tqva, getyoba,
qarTveli kargad ver gcnobia, Torem isic gecodineboda, rom qarTvelis sityva kldesaviT
mtkiceao. mainc ase sjobso, miugo oman faSam da im gurjsac sxva ra darCenoda, daTanxmda, Tavi
civi RirsebiT daukra da beWebis ukmayofilo rxeviT gavida. salaSqrod rom aviyareT da axal-
cixidan gavediT, oman faSas is gurji gverdidan ar mouSorebia. amjeradac ali-mirzas rCevas
mivdieT da gurjebis banaks naSuaRamevs mivadeqiT. yvelaferi ise moxda, rogorc ali-mirzam
iwinaswarmetyvela: RviniT damTvral gurjebs Rrma ZiliT eZinaT da, sanam gamofxizldebodnen
da mixvdebodnen, ra risxva daatydaT Tavs, saqme ukve moTavebuli gvqonda. aravin wagvsvlia,
uklebliv gavJliteT yvelani, Cven ki sul sami kaci mogvikles da oric msubuqad dagviWres.
dilamde iq davrCiT. meore dRes kidev bevri gvqonda savali da laSqars dasveneba sWirdeboda.
Cven _ oman faSa, me da sxva didebulebi _ gurjebis meTaurTa karavSi davbanakdiT. dilauTenia
oman faSas is Cveni gurji ewvia. Semovida maRali, tanadi, ulvaSebaprexili, dinjad dagvikra
Tavi da oman faSas niSnismogebiT uTxra, axla xom darwmundi, rom qarTvelis sityva sandoao.
arc aqamde mepareboda eWvio, Tavazianad miugo oman faSam. aba, maS me amas iqiT aRar gWirdebi
da axalcixeSi davbrundebio, Tqva gurjma. oman faSam qisa gauwoda. gurjma qisa CamoarTva,
kidev erTxel dagvikra Tavi yvelas dinjad da RirsebiT, Setrialda da, welSi amayad gamarTu-
li, mxrebis rxeviT wavida. axla mxrebs ufro aTamaSebda, vidre arxevda. manamdec SemimCnevia,
magram yuradReba ar mimiqcevia, amis Semdeg ki sagangebod vakvirdebodi da davrwmundi, rom,
roca gurji mxrebs ase arxevs da aTamaSebs, es imis niSania, rom sindisi sufTa ara aqvs. oman
faSa yovelgvar iaraRs kargad xmarobda, magram gansakuTrebiT danis tyorcna emarjveboda.
uyvarda kidec. gurji swored karvis gasasvlelamde iyo misuli. erTi SekrTa da ucbad gaSeSda.
mxrebis TamaSic wamsve Sewyvita, odnav aizida, TiTqos fexis wverebze unda Sedgeso. mcire
xans ase iyo gaxevebuli, gegonebodaT, raRacaze dafiqrdao. mere nela Semotrialda da gan-
cvifrebuli mzera oman faSas miapyro. am dros muxlebmac umtyunes. TiTqos pirqve unda dam-
xobiliyo, magram uecrad ukan gadaqanda da mowyvetiT daeca zurgze. beWebSi garWobili dana
mkerdSi gamouvida. `WeSmaritad brZenia ali-mirza~, Tqva oman faSam, mcvelebs uxmo da gvami
gaatanina, qisa ki Tavis TanaSemwes gadasca da ubrZana laSqrisTvis daerigebina. _ suleimani
gaCumda. me velodi, Tan vcdilobdi, mouTmenloba ar damtyoboda. moxuci didxans dumda da
imis gafiqrebaze, rom erTi ulufa rahaT-luxumis SeWma kidev momiwevda, tanSi gamaJrJola.
cota xnis Semdeg xavili daiwyo. etyoboda, yelSi Tu filtvebSi haeris moZraobas raRac ab-
kiTxva
rkolebda da yovel CasunTqvaze da amosunTqvaze gabmuli, sawyalobeli, gulisgamawvrilebeli

xma amosdioda. im dros, rodesac momeCvena, CaeZina-meTqi, da imedi sabolood gadamiwyda,
I Tavi
moxuci isev alaparakda. oRond axla xma Seecvala, raRac ucxo gauxda, civi da Soreuli, TiTqos
misi dawyebuli ambavi viRac sxvam ganagrZo, _ orjer mogvca niSani yovladZlierma alahma.
pirveli niSani im Rames mogvca, menapire laSqari rom gavwyviteT, magram gamarjvebam ise dag-
vaTro da gagvabrua, ver SevityeT. Tu gulisyuri mudam gamaxvilebuli ara gaqvs, zegardmo
63
niSani Zneli SesamCnevia. axalcixidan oman faSam ori megzuri iaxla, romlebic luarsab-xanis
samflobelos zedmiwevniT kargad icnobdnen. erTi qarTlSi nacxovrebi sparsi iyo, meore ki
axalcixeli gurji. menapire laSqarTan brZolaSi, rodesac sami kaci mogvikles, am samidan
erTi swored is sparsi megzuri iyo. raki meore megzuric gvyavda, maSin am ambisTvis yuradReba
ar migviqcevia da alahis niSani ar dagvinaxavs. adrianad aviyareT da gza ganvagrZeT. SuadRis
xans dasaxlebul adgilebs mivaRwieT. ori sofeli ise gaviareT, Zexorcieli ar Segvxvedria,
Cans, macxovreblebma Soridanve SegvamCnies da, rogorc CveodaT, didian-patarianad tyeSi
gaixiznen. davlac bevri veraferi CavigdeT xelT. meore sofels rom gavcdiT, alahma kidev
erTi niSani mogvca: gurji megzuric daiRupa. viwro TavdaRmarTSi, kldian da qvian adgilas,
megzuris cxens moulodnelad fexi ausxlta, waiforxila, Tavi veRar Seimagra, mowyvetiT
daeca da mxedari qveS moiyola. yvelaferi es Tvalis daxamxamebaSi moxda. roca ramdenime kaci
CamoqveiTda da cxeni ris vai-vaglaxiT gverdze gadaaTria, megzuri ukve mkvdari egdo. Cven
yvelani luarsab-xanis male Sepyrobis imediT viyaviT dabrmavebulebi da dayruebulebi, To-
rem es meore niSani imdenad cxadi da mkafio iyo, bavSvic ki mixvdeboda. eeh, vinc alahs yurs ar
ugdebs, ar SeiZleba Tavi ar waagos...
III
oman faSam laSqari Seayena, didebulebi migvixmo da rCeva gvkiTxa. gadavwyviteT, jerje-
robiT gza gagvegrZelebina, roca gaSlil adgils mivadgebodiT, sadac SeumCnevlad gavla ar
moxerxdeboda, iq laSqari gagveCerebina, ramdenime kaci uCumrad dagvewinaurebina, pirvel-
save sofels davcemodiT da axali megzuri gagveCina. is iyo, TaTbirs movrCiT da oman faSas
laSqrisTvis daZvris niSani unda mieca, qvemoT, cota moSorebiT, sadac mosaxvevi iwyeboda,
floqvebis xma mogvesma. oman faSam siCume brZana. raRac uamuri rom vigrZeni, maSinve mivxvdi,
magram risgan iyo, ver gavige da, Cemda saubedurod, arc Semiwuxebia Tavi, rom gamego. mxolod
mere, vaglax, gvianRa momagonda, rom xma ucnauri meCvena, moguduli, ucxo, Soreuli, TiTqos
sadRac viRacis veeba guli gamalebiT scemda. mcire xnis Semdeg mosaxvevSi jorze amxedrebuli
mRvdeli gamoCnda. Tavi Caekida da ise Cafluliyo fiqrebSi, sanam Cvens danaxvaze jori mow-
yvetiT ar Sedga, araferi gaugia. jori rom Sedga, maSinve aiRo Tavi. ocdaTxuTmeti wlisa Tu
iqneboda, mrgvali pirisaxe hqonda, qera Tma-wveri da Taflisferi Tvalebi, amodena laSqari
rom dainaxa, feri dakarga, wamiT Setrialeba da gaqceva daapira, magram maSinve mixvda, rom
versad wagvividoda, da gadaifiqra. ijda jorze gaxevebuli, kankalebda da uazrod Semog-
vcqeroda. Cven Cveni sibrmaviTa da sibriyviT am mRvdlis gamoCena miviReT alahis niSnad: mar-
Tlacda, wuTis win megzuri davkargeT da verc ki movaswariT sagonebels mivcemodiT, rom
axali megzuri Tavisi fexiT gveaxla. sxva raRa gvindoda? àlahi didia da mwyalobeli, _ Tqva
oman faSam, _ aq momgvareT eg gurji!~ ori mebrZoli wamsve CamoqveiTda, mRvdeli joridan
Camosva da oman faSas win dauyena. mRvdeli SiSisagan wamxdari iyo da Tvalebs dafeTebuli
acecebda. oman faSam gauRima da uTxra: `Seni Tavi alahma gamomigzavna, gurjo~. rodesac gurjTa
enis mcodnem oman faSas sityvebi mis enaze uTxra mRvdels, iman jer oman faSas Sexeda, wamsve
isev aarida Tvali, akankalebuli xeli aswia da pirjvari gamoisaxa. `nu geSinia, aras gerCi, _
dayvavebiT uTxra oman faSam, _ oRond, rasac gibrZaneb, is unda Seasrulo~. mRvdeli ise iyo
gonebaareuli, oman faSas dapireba, etyoba, verc ki gaigo. `xom ici, luarsab-xani sad imyofeba?~
_ hkiTxa oman faSam. mRvdeli, rogorc iqna, gons moego, TvalebSi azris natamali gaukrTa,
mixvda, ras ekiTxebodnen, da uaris niSnad Tavi gaiqnia, ar vicio. maSin oman faSam is sofeli
uxsena, romlis saxeli maSin vicodi da mere damaviwyda, da hkiTxa, es sofeli xom ici sadaao.
kiTxva
mRvdelma jer oman faSas Sexeda, mere me Semomxeda, mere sxva didebulebs moavlo Tvali, TiTqos
raRacis gagebas lamobso. bolos Tavi daiqnia, vicio. `Zalian kargi, _ Tqva oman faSam da brZana,
I Tavi
_ mohgvareT jori! _ brZaneba rom Seusrules, isev mRvdels miubrunda, _ aba, Sejeqi jorze,
gagviZex da pirdapir mag sofelSi migviyvane!~ mRvdeli axla ise aRar kankalebda, magram Cu-
mad iyo da maSin ver mivxvdiT, yoymanobda Tu sxva rames fiqrobda. mRvdlis siCumeze oman
faSa, cota ar iyos, gawyra da xmaSi susxi gamouria: `ver gaige, gurjo, ra giTxari?! _ mere isev
64 dauwia xmas da tkbilad ganagrZo, _ Tu gagviZRvebi da luarsab-xanTan migviyvan, sicocxles
gaCuqeb da sarTad erT qisa oqrosac dagimateb, Tu ara da dauyovnebliv mokvdebi, luarsab-
xanis adgilsamyofels ki uSenodac iolad mivagnebT~. rodesac es sityvebi gurjTa enaze uTar-
gmnes, mRvdelma oman faSas Sexeda da TvalebSi wamiT raRac naperwkali gaukrTa. me es naperwkali
oqros xsenebas mivawere da gulSi gamecina. mRvdelma ki, ukve TiTqmis sruliad damSvidebulma,
oman faSas Semdegi uTxra: `me maSin movkvdebi, roca ufali Cemi RmerTi ieso qriste inebebs,~ _
da kvlav pirjvari gamoisaxa. Cemi varaudiT mRvdeli vaWrobas apirebda, raTa, rac SeiZleba,
meti oqro daecincla CvenTvis, magram misma ybedobam oman faSa risxviT aavso. swrafad gadai-
xara cxenidan, mRvdels wverSi waavlo xeli, Tavi auwia, TvalebSi Caxeda da kbilTa RrWeniT
uTxra: àxla me var Seni RmerTi da Seni suli Cems xelTaa!~ am sityvebiT misi wveri erTi mZlav-
rad SeanjRria, mere Tavi kidev ufro maRla auwia da, roca mRvdels yelis ZarRvebi daeWima,
Tvalebi gadmoekarkla da sunTqva Seekra, maSinRa gauSva. àba, Sejeqi jorze da gagviZex.~
mRvdels xveleba auvarda da tkivilisagan erTxans xma veRar amoiRo, bolos, rogorc iqna,
yeli Caiwminda da Tqva: `mefis Ralats me Cemi nebiT ver gavbedav. unda viloco da Cems macxovar
ieso qristes davekiTxo. Tu dasturs momcems, gagiZRvebiT, Tu uars metyvis, ver gagiZRvebiT~.
me vicodi, rom mrisxanebis Jams oman faSas SeiZleboda goneba amRvreoda da iseTi ram Caedina,
rac mere sananebeli gagvixdeboda, amitom swrafad amovudeqi gverdiT da swored im wams, ra
wamsac dana iZro, vuTxari: `nu aCqardebi, dido sardalo. dae, ilocos da daekiTxos Tavis ieso
qristes. magas locva imisTvis sWirdeba, rom Ralati RmerTs gadaabralos da oqro ise iSovos,
sindisma ar Seawuxos~. oman faSas, rogorc Cveoda, sibrazem ucbadve gauara da mRvdels miub-
runda: `neba momicia, gurjo. iloce da daekiTxe Sens RmerTs. isic uTxari, oman faSas ase swadia-
Tqo, ufro iolad gamostyueb dasturs!~ am sityvebma laSqarSi mxiaruli sicili gamoiwvia.
eeh, maSin jer kidev viyaviT oxunjobis gunebaze... mRvdeli ramdenime nabijze gagvSorda, piri
aRmosavleTiT qna, daiCoqa, Tvalebi maRla aRapyro da gaugebar butbuts mohyva. viwro xeobaSi
videqiT, qvian, oRro-CoRro gzaze. SuadRe iyo da umowyalod cxeloda. gzas orsav mxares
kldovani beqobi misdevda, romlis Tavze maRali, xSiri tye iwyeboda. siCume idga da irgvliv
araferi moZraobda, mxolod xvliki Tu gaisrialebda drodadro mzisgan gaxurebul beqobze.
mRvdelma butbuti male Sewyvita, magram kidev didxans idga muxlebze, gaSeSebuli da zecisken
Tvalebapyrobili, bolos wamodga da motrialda. saxe uelavda da Tvalebidan TiTqos sxivebs
afrqvevda. me es maincdamainc ar gamkvirvebia. marTalia, am damfrTxali qristiani mRvdlisa-
gan cota moulodneli ki meCvena, magram, saerTod, vici, Cems Tavzec gamomicdia da sxvebis-
Tvisac SemimCnevia, rom Rrma da gulwrfeli locvis dros, roca Tvalis magier suliT ixedebi,
kacs aseTi ram zogjer gemarTeba. mRvdeli oman faSasken wamovida. axla savsebiT damSvidebuli
iyo da SiSisa aRaraferi etyoboda. mivida oman faSasTan da uTxra: ùfalma Cemma RmerTma ieso
qristem, kurTxeul iyos misi saxeli, Seni morCileba da samsaxuri mibrZana~. `saucxoo RmerTi
gyolia, gurjo. maS, dros nuRar davkargavT, Sejeqi jorze da gagviZex, _ da mere, mRvdeli
rom jorze amxedrda, hkiTxa, _ Soria mag soflamde?~. `mokle gziT Tu wavalT, daRamebamde
mivaRwevT, _ miugo mRvdelma, _ oRond savali Znelia~. àlahis laSqars gzis siZnele ver Sea-
Sinebs, _ uTxra oman faSam, _ mokle gziT gagviZex!~ savali marTla Zneli gamodga, sul klde-
RreebiT, daburuli tyeebiTa da daxramuli, viwro xeobebiT viareT. mRvdeli win migviZRoda,
Cven ukan mivyvebodiT. saSualo tanis kaci iyo, odnav waxrili ijda jorze, Tavi Caekida da
etyoboda Rrma safiqrals miscemoda. ukan arc erTxel ar mouxedavs. midioda uxmod da, raze
fiqrobda, aravin icis. eeh, wuTisoflis simuxTlev!.. aba, maSin vin warmoidgenda, rom bediswera
migviZRoda sikvdilis gzaze da es amodena laSqari udrtvinveli morCilebiT mivdevdiT ukan...
kiTxva
mxolod erTxel aiRo Tavi. maRali buCqebis tevrSi mivdiodiT. arc manam da arc mere sxvagan
iseTi buCqebi arsad Semxvedria da ra hqvia, ar vici. didroni yvavilebi hqonda, TeTri da sqel-
I Tavi
furcliani. mRvdelma Tavi aiRo, gadaixara, erTi yvavili mowyvita, cota xans ucqira da ubeSi
Caido. rad undoda, ar vici. mere isev Cahkida Tavi da gza ganagrZo. didxans viareT. xalxic
daiRala da cxenebic, magram dasveneba arc gvifiqria. imis imediT, rom male mizans mivaRwevdiT,
sadac gamarjvebac gveloda, sasmel-saWmelic da gancxromac, daRlilobas iolad vitandiT.
65
mze ukve Cadioda, roca im dawyevlil adgils mivaRwieT. viwro xeobas gavcdiT, ferdobs Sevu-
yeviT da erT veeba, SiSvelsa da cicabo, momwvano-monacrisfro kldes mivadeqiT, romelic
did manZilze iyo gadaWimuli da qongurebiviT CakbeCili wveriT bolovdeboda. kldes orsav
mxares daburuli, gauvali tye ertya. Camavali mzis sxivebSi gaxveuli klde ucxod brwyinavda.
win gasasvleli arsad Canda, magram bedisweris xeli maSin jer kidev ar daminaxavs, vifiqre,
tye-tye iqneba sadme biliki da ver vamCnev-meTqi. mRvdelma ferdobi aaTava, jori zed kldis
Ziras Seayena, Camoxda da Cvenken motrialda. Cvenc SevdeqiT. laSqaric Sedga. klde raRac uc-
xo brWyvialebiT ireklavda dacemul sxivebs, sxvadasxva feris aTinaTi TvalismomWrelad
ireoda erTmaneTSi da o, alah! wamiT momeCvena, TiTqos mzis mewamul SuqSi gaxveuli mRvdeli
Tavadac mzesaviT afrqvevda sxivebs. me Tvali davxuWe da Tavi gaviqnie, raTa es ucnauri da
SiSismomgvreli xilva momeSorebina. am dros mRvdelma pirjvari gadaiwera da wynari, naRv-
liani xmiT Tqva: `movediT~. oman faSam, romelic aqamde cota gakvirvebuli Sescqeroda
mRvdels, axla kiTxvis Tvali gurjTa enis mcodnes miapyro. roca gaigo, ra Tqva mRvdelma,
isev miubrunda. `movediT?~ _ hkiTxa da jer erT mxares SeaTvaliera tye, mere meore mxares.
bolos kldes aayola Tvali, TiTqos gadaRma gadaxedvas lamobso, da TiTiT haerSi rkali mo-
avlo, _ aq aris sofeli?~ àra~, _ isev ise wynarad da naRvlianad Tqva mRvdelma. saxe mSvidi da
uZravi hqonda. àra?~ _ gancvifrebiT gaimeora oman faSam, _ maS, sad movediT? sofeli sadaa?~
`sofeli Sorsaa, _ miugo mRvdelma, _ ufalma Cemma RmerTma ieso qristem, kurTxeul iyos misi
saxeli, _ am sityvebiT kidev erTxel gadaiwera pirjvari, _ aq mibrZana Seni moyvana~. wamiT
samariseburi siCume Camovarda. mere oman faSam elvis uswrafesad iskupa cxenidan, ori naxtomiT
gaCnda mRvdelTan da sakinZeSi Caavlo xeli. `ras ambob, gurjo?!~ _ Zlivs gamocra mokumuli
tuCebidan. mRvdeli Cumad gascqeroda sivrces. maSin oman faSam mZlavrad SeanjRria. xolo im
dros, roca me kvlav mkafiod davinaxe, Tu rogor afrqvevda sxivebs mRvdlis mzesaviT moel-
vare saxe, da Tvali davxuWe, raTa es saSineli xilva weRandeliviT momeSorebina, gverdiT
ismail faSas SemkrTali xma momesma: `dideba alahs! Tvali matyuebs Tu es gurji...!~ ismail
faSas sityva ar dausrulebia, ise gaCumda, TiTqos xma Cauwydao. Tvali rom gavaxile da misken
mivixede, davinaxe, rom gancvifrebiTa da SeZrwunebiT misCereboda mRvdels. oman faSa ki
mRvdels mTeli ZaliT anjRrevda da ukve yviriliT ekiTxeboda: `sofeli sad aris, gurjo?!~
mRvdeli xmas ar iRebda. maSin oman faSa yelSi eca, orive xeli wauWira, mere isev gauSva da
uecrad muxlebze daeca. `miTxari, gurjo, sad aris sofeli. xom xedav, muxlmoyrili gemuda-
rebi! oman faSa, gurjo, muxlmoyrili gemudareba! oRond aqedan gagviyvane da luarsab-xanis
samyofeli gvaCvene, Tu ginda, nu wamogvyvebi, ise gvaswavle sad aris, oRond gvaswavle da rac
ginda mTxove...~ mze Cadioda da miwa TandaTan CrdilSi exveoda. ferdobs Crdili efina, laSqari
CrdilSi idga, Cvenc CrdilSi videqiT, oman faSac CrdilSi idga muxlebze. sxivebi maRla-maRla
miiwevda da mRvdelsac nel-nela Crdili efineboda, mze axla mxolod mis pirisaxesa da wablis-
fer Tma-wvers anaTebda. `muxlebs dagikocni, gurjo, _ evedreboda oman faSa, _ oRond aqedan
gagviyvane!~ mRvdeli dumda. `gurjo... _ kidev erTxel sasoebiT Tqva oman faSam da uecrad saSin-
lad daiRriala, _ gurjo!~ zeze wamovarda, rac Zali da Rone hqonda, SeanjRria, mere frCxilebiT
Caafrinda loyebSi da xorci CamoafliTa. mRvdlis loyebze sisxlis nakadulebma iwyes dena.
`gagviZRvebi Tu ara?!
`gvaswavli Tu ara gzas?!~ mRvdeli arc iZvroda da arc xmas iRebda. oman faSa ki ukve gon-
dakarguli iyo. jer cera TiTi aZgera da cali Tvali amougdo, mere yelSi kbilebiT Caafrinda
da ZiZgna dauwyo, Tan uazrod imeorebda: `gagviZRvebi Tu ara... gvaswavli gzas...~ wyeul mRvdels
krinti ar dauZravs da erTi kvnesa ar dascdenia. mxolod maSin, roca fexze dgoma veRar SeiZlo
kiTxva
da ZalawarTmeuli muxlebze davarda, misustebuli, Zlivsgasagoni xmiT Tqva: `gmadlob, ufa-

lo...~ mere wamodgoma daapira, wamoiwia kidec, magram Zala ar eyo, gverdze gadaixara da marcxena
I Tavi
mxariT daeca Zirs. oman faSa, rogorc gaafTrebuli nadiri, zed daemxo. am dros mzec Cavida
da bindma iwyo Camowola. mRvdeli da oman faSa axla ukve CrdilebadRa Candnen. mRvdlis Crdili
uZravad iwva, oman faSas Crdili ki daCoqili trialebda mis irgvliv da gametebiT ZiZgnida.
xan daniT, xan kbilebiT, xan frCxilebiT. cotac da bindma yovelive dafara. ukve aRaraferi
66
Canda da mxolod oman faSas qSena da mZime-mZime sunTqva ismoda. mere, roca esec miwyda, uecrad
ielva da aremare dResaviT ganaTda. o, alah! axlac ar vici, ra iyo maSin namdvili da ra molan-
deba. elvam dakvesa da, TiTqos daaviwyda, rom isev unda Camqraliyo, didxans enTo caze. mRvde-
li, mkvdari, dafleTili, dasaxiCrebuli, erTianad alufxuli, mokuntuli egdo Zirs. oman
faSa Tavze adga, gaborotebuli TvalebiT dascqeroda da mTeli sxeuli ucaxcaxebda. bolos,
rogorc iqna, elva Caqra da kvlav sibnele Camowva. cota xnis Semdeg nabijebis xma gaisma da
gavarCie kidec Cvenken momavali oman faSas Crdili. oman faSa CemTan movida, xelebi mxrebze
damawyo, mTeli simZimiT Ca-
momawva, saxe mkerdze moma-
do da aTrTolebuli, crem-
liani xmiT miTxra: àTa su-
leiman, _ roca sasowarkve-
TaSi Cavardeboda, sul
mTlad umweo xdeboda da
balRiviT sWirdeboda day-
vaveba da nugeSis cema. aseT
dros yovelTvis aTa sulei-
mans meZaxda xolme. _ aTa su-
leiman, aki ali-mirzam, im be-
berma qofakma, yvelanio?..~
`dawynardi, Svilo Cemo,
_ vuTxari me, _ Seni uZleve-
li laSqari SenTanaa da jer
kidev yvelaferi wina gvaqvs~.
am dros Weqa-quxili atyda,
zedized ielva da kokispi-
ruli wvima wamovida. pirvel
gaelvebaze kldis mxares, o,
alah, cis kabadonze is gur-
ji mRvdeli davinaxe. mux-
lmoyrili idga, Tvalebi maRla aRepyro da saxeze tanjvisa da netarebis ucxo Rimili efina.
kvlav rom ielva, kldes Tvali avaride, sxva mxares gavixede da axla sxva mxares davinaxe igive
suraTi. ganuwyvetliv elavda da cis oTxiv mxridan gurji mRvdlis tanjuli da netari Rimi-
li dagvcqeroda. ar vici, sxvebic amCnevdnen Tu ara am ucnaur da gulisSemZvrel sanaxaobas,
CemTvis ki naTeli Seiqna, rom Cvens Tavze bedisweris maxvili iyo aRmarTuli. alahi gviris-
xdeboda, vinaidan mis mier orgzis micemuli niSani ver gamovicaniT. axla, Tuki xsna jer kidev
iyo, imaSi iyo, rom laSqrobaze xeli agveRo da dauyovnebliv axalcixeSi davbrunebuliyaviT.
magram oman faSam Cemi rCeva Sors daiWira. egeb verc me vurCie bejiTad. marTlacda, vin icis,
ra sjobda: viRac banjgvliani gurjis xeliT momkvdariyo da misi mSvenieri Tavi luarsab-xans
sparseTis SahisTvis mierTmia, Tu damarcxebuli da sircxvilnaWami dabrunebuliyo axalci-
xeSi, rogorc frTebdaWrili arwivi, romelsac cis laJvardebSi afrena aRar uweria?.. ehei,
oman faSav, Cemo imedo da nugeSo, rogor wavageT Tavi!.. vin icis, Tavisi qveynis erTguli er-
TaderTi gurji boginobda mTel im aremareze da maincdamainc Cven gadavawydiT!.. momyeviTo,
omaxianad dasWeqa oman faSam da gaborotebuli da didebuli ficxlad moaxta cxens... mivdiodiT
ukun RameSi. RvTis risxvasaviT quxda da elavda. ca lamis miwaze Camosuliyo, mivdiodiT da
kiTxva
ukan, rogorc sakuTari Crdili, fexdafex mogvdevda bediswera _ im wyeuli mRvdlis suli,
romelic ver movkaliT... vai Sens moxuc suleimans, oman faSav, Cemo arwivo!..
Seni mokveTili Tavi rom vixile, romelic mkvdar mzes hgavda, Cemi mzec maSin Caesvena da
I Tavi
mokvda... e-he-he, ra amao yofilxar, sawuTrov, ra cru da muxTali!.. kidev xom ar iyidi rahaT-
luxums, ucxoelo?
dResac ar vici, namdvilad moxda es ambavi, Tu cbierma moxucma yvelaferi marTla rahaT-
luxumis gasasaReblad moigona. 67
saubari
jemal qarCxaZis `rahaT-luxumis~ garegnuli simartive friad moCvenebiTi ram gaxlavT:

es is SemTxvevaa, roca formis simartive sakmaod rTul Sinagan struqturasa da saTqmels Se-
icavs. magram is, rac aqamde SeiswavleT kiTxvis procesis Sesaxeb, `rahaT-luxumis~, rogorc
mxatvruli teqstis, srulyofilad aRqmaSic dagexmarebaT.
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. daakvirdiT, rogor axdens mwerali Txrobis organizebas. ucxoeli Tavidanve dainte-

resda ucnauri moxuciT, magram maSinve rodi gauba saubari. mxolod meore dResRa ga-
moelaparaka, radgan rahaT-luxumis ucnauri gamyidveli veRar daiviwya da cnobismoy-
vareobamac Seawuxa. Tqveni azriT, erTgvarad ratom àWianurebs~ mwerali Sesavals?
2. gaixseneT: suleimani Tavisi ambis jer `dasasruls~ yveba, mere ki `dasawyiss~. ratom
iqceva ase mwerali?
3. CvenTvis bavSvobidanve cnobili gmirobis ambavs ucxoelis, Tan dauZinebeli mtris,
versiiT vecnobiT, xolo am versias mere ukve meore ucxoeli, amjerad evropeli gviy-
veba. anu mwerali gvaiZulebs Cveni istoriis cnobil epizods erTgvarad `garedan~ Sev-
xedoT. Tqveni azriT, ratom iyenebs jemal qarCxaZe aseT mxatvrul xerxs?
detalebis xelovneba
1. suleimani mRvdlis gamoCenas ase ixsenebs: `vaglax, gvianRa momagonda, rom xma ucnauri
meCvena, moguduli, ucxo, Soreuli, TiTqos sadRac viRacis veeba guli gamalebiT scem-
da~. _ ganmarteT, rogor gesmiT es detali.
2. gaixseneT: Turqebis laSqris win mimavali, TavCaqindruli mRvdeli, erTxelac ar miixe-
davs ukan. erT adgilas ki yvavili mowyvita, cota xans ucqira, mere ubeSi Seinaxa. rad
undoda, ar vicio, _ yveba suleimani. Tqveni azriT, rad undoda? ras gveubneba am detaliT
mwerali?
teqstis analizi
1. moTxrobaSi aRwerili ambavi istoriulia. vin iyo is adamiani, romelic ase gmirulad
moiqca? rodis moxda es ambavi?
2. moTxrobaSi naxsenebia ramdenime istoriuli pirovneba. vin arian isini da ra iciT maT
Sesaxeb?
3. rogor fiqrobT, moxuci suleimani, romelic am ambavs yveba, istoriuli pirovnebaa Tu
mwerlis mier gamogonili personaJi?
kiTxva
4. moxuci suleimani Turqia, magram vin aris is pirovneba, romelsac suleimani am ambavs
uyveba? isic istoriuli piria Tu mwerlis mier gamogonili personaJi? viciT Tu ara
misi saxeli? teqstSi moZebneT detalebi, romelTa meSveobiTac am adamianis sadaurobis
I Tavi
dadgena SeiZleba.
5. Tqven ukve iciT, sinamdvileSi rodis moxda moTxrobaSi aRwerili ambavi. axla teqstSi
moiZieT Sesabamisi realiebi da daadgineT, daaxloebiT rodis unda Semdgariyo ori
68 ucxoelis saubari stambolSi.
6. ambis mTxrobeli moTxrobis dasawyisSive rogorRac erTmaneTTan akavSirebs stambolsa
da bizantielebs. ratom? vin iyvnen bizantielebi da ra akavSirebdaT maT stambolTan?
paralelebi
1. gaixseneT I paragrafSi warmodgenili leonid andreevis moTxroba. imsjeleT, SeiZleba

Tu ara mxatvruli xerxis gamoyenebis TvalsazrisiT `rahaT-luxumsa~ da `ben-tovits~
Soris paralelis gavleba? msgavseba-gansxvavebani rveulSi amoiwereT da SeecadeT ga-
arkvioT, arsebobs Tu ara kavSiri mwerlebis saTqmelsa da maT mier gamoyenebul mxat-
vrul xerxebs Soris.
2. daakvirdiT teqstis enobriv qsovils. SeadareT igi konstantine gamsaxurdias rome-
lime istoriuli nawarmoebis enas. imsjeleT, cdilobs Tu ara jemal qarCxaZe Tavisi
eniT an sxva mxatvruli xerxiT e. w. ìstoriuli koloritis~ Seqmnas? ratom?
3. III paragrafSi warmodgenil rezo yaralaSvilis gamokvlevaSi moZebneT is adgili, sa-
dac e. w. `CarCos teqnikazea~ saubari da yuradRebiT waikiTxeT. werilSi dasaxelebuli
bokaCos `dekameroni~, Coseris `kenterberiuli moTxrobebi~, ilia WavWavaZis `glaxis
naambobi~ swored am teqnikis TvalsazrisiT SeadareT jemal qarCxaZis `rahaT-luxums~.
ras ityviT, iyenebs Tu ara j. qarCxaZe `CarCos teqnikas~? Tuki iyenebs, imave mizniT
akeTebs amas, razec r. yaralaSvili saubrobs? Tqveni azriT, gamarTlebulia Tu ara am
SemTxvevaSi xsenebuli teqnikis gamoyeneba?
diskusia
amoiwereT, rogor axasiaTebs ali-mirza gurjebs. es mware sityvebi jer moRalate qar-
Tvelis gamoCenam da mere menapire laSqris pirwmindad amoJletam didi sizustiT daadastu-
ra. mweralma amjobina ukiduresad kritikuli mosazreba ucxoelis, Tanac mtrulad ganwyobi-
li ucxoelis piriT gamoeTqva.
Tqveni azriT, SeiZleba mwerlis mier am xerxis gamoyenebasa da ali mirzas qvemoT moyva-
nil sityvebs Soris logikuri kavSiri davinaxoT?
`gurjebis ugunuroba yvelaze ukeT maTs ampartavnobaSi Cans; TavianT uricxv nakls ise
sasoebiT malaven, TiTqos erTi ram Zvirfasi saganZuri iyos; yvelaferi SeiZleba gapation,
magram maTi nakli Tu SeamCnie, amas aramc da aramc ar gapatieben, amitom Tavi ise daiWireT,
viTom gurjisTana srulqmnili Tqvens dReSi aravin genaxoT; amiT or rames miaRwevT _ morCi-
lebaSic geyolebaT da Tavis uTvalav naklsac verasodes moiSorebs~.
rogor ggoniaT, mweralma imitom gamoiyena es mxatvruli xerxi, rom saqarTveloSi marT-
la iyo da aris Cvens uaryofiT Tvisebebze amgvari kritikuli Tvalsazrisis gamoTqma garkve-
ul riskTan dakavSirebuli?
am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT moawyveT saklaso diskusia. SeecadeT dasabuTebulad Camoaya-
liboT Tqveni pozicia.
weriTi davaleba
kiTxva
cal-calke amoiwereT rogor xatavs mwerali rogorc moRalate qarTvelis, ise mRvdlis
garegnobas, maT gamoCenas, mixvra-moxvras, Jestebs, saqciels. daakvirdiT: mwerali TviTon
arc erT maTgans ar afasebs moralurad, is mxolod xatavs. SefasebiT Cven, mkiTxvelebma, unda
I Tavi
SevafasoT.
am mwir, magram amave dros Zalze metyvel Strixebze dayrdnobiT SeqmeniT am ori adamia-
nis fsiqologiuri portreti. yuradReba gaamaxvileT samyarosTan maT damokidebulebaze,
maT faseulobaTa sistemaze. 69
fiqrebi literaturaze
***
`namdvili ambavi mxatvrul sinamdviled maSin iqceva, roca is abso-
luturad damajerebeli xdeba mkiTxvelisaTvis. asevea mogonili ambavic.
SeiZleba mkiTxvelma namdvili ambavi arc ki daijeros, xolo mogonili
irwmunos da mTeli arsebiT ganicados. yvelaferi mwerlis niWze da osta-
guram gegeSiZe tobazea damyarebuli. namdvil ambavs, me vgulisxmob cxovrebaSi marTla
Tanamedrove momxdar faqts, maSin aqvs nawarmoebSi fasi, Tu is did zemoqmedebas axdens
qarTveli mkiTxvelze. mxatvruli literatura mogonili ambebis gareSe ver iarse-
mwerali
bebs. mogonili ambebi udides zemoqmedebas axdenen mkiTxvelze, roca isini
`me dRemde ar vici,
ratom iwyebs ada- mwerals siRrmiT aqvs gancdili, gacnobierebuli da gadmocemuli. yoveli
miani weras, ratom mwerali asaxavs Tavis cxovrebas, Tavis Sina samyaros da es samyaro – si-
uCndeba es survi- namdvilea. yvela momxdari ambavi romeliRac namdvilad momxdari ambis
li. me TviTon es
survili Zalian saxecvlileba da anareklia. amitom literaturaSi araviTari mniSvneloba
adre gamiCnda, mag- ara aqvs namdvil da mogonil ambebs. me vgulisxmob marTla momxdars da
ram ratom, ar vici. armomxdars. literaturaSi mTavaria damajerebloba, literaturuli faq-
SeiZleba adamians
aqvs Tandayoli- ti unda emyarebodes sinamdviles da aq ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom mwerlis
li survili saku- fantaziac sinamdvilea. yvelaferi damokidebulia sinamdvilis gadmoce-
Tari Tavi gamoxa- mis unarze.
tos, Tavisi saT-
qmeli gamoTqvas rac Seexeba mwerlisa da mkiTxvelis damokidebulebas, ara mgonia av-
ama Tu im for- torze ukeT esmodes nawarmoebi mkiTxvels, magram SeiZleba mkiTxveli
maSi~. romelime epizodSi an detalSi ufro mets xedavdes da ufro met mniSvne-
g. gegeSiZe
lobas aniWebdes, vidre avtori. SeiZleba zogi ram mkiTxvels avtorisgan
gansxvavebulad esmodes da es Sefaseba swori iyos~.
guram gegeSiZe
***
`....sabolood rogorc filosofia, aseve nebismieri literaturuli
teqsti iseT cxovrebiseul problemebamde daiyvaneba, rogoricaa
siyvaruli, sikvdili, adamianuri arsebobis azri da mniSvneloba. erTi
merab sityviT, iqamde, rasac realurad ganvicdiT cxovrebaSi an rasac misgan
mamardaSvili velodebiT. amitom aSkaraa, rom, Cveulebriv, vkiTxulobT imas, rac axlos
1930_1990 dgas Cvens sulier gamocdilebasTan. is, rac gulze ar gvxvdeba, CvenTvis
àzrovneba mxo- literatura ar aris. literaturis raRac garkveuli nawili CvenTvis da-
lod calke gan-
xuruli rCeba ubralod imitom, rom, rogorc Cans, ar xdeba misi damTxveva
dgomiT SeiZleba.
kiTxva
Tu gverdze gavde- Cvens cxovrebiseul gzasTan da, rac mTavaria, sakuTar Tavs ver vpoulobT
qiT, gavCumdiT da imaSi, rasac kiTxviT miRebuli STabeWdileba gveubneba.~
martoni davrCiT,
maSin is, rac Cvens merab mamardaSvili
I Tavi
TavSi moxdeba, Se-

iZleba, Tu RmerT-
ma gviSvela az-
rovnebac iyos~.
70 m. mamardaSvili
***
`me mindoda Semexsenebina, rom mwerali Cveulebrivi adamiania da ara
xalxis ideebis gamomxatveli, rom literatura _ es aris adamianis euli
xma. literatura, romelic gadaiqceva qveynis xotbad, naciis droSad anda
partiis xmad, kargavs Tavis bunebas: is aRar aris literatura. mwerlebi
gamoqveynebas ki ar eswrafvian, aramed Tavisi Tavis Secnobas. kafkam anda
pesoam1 werilobiT enas samyaros gardasaqmnelad rodi mimarTes.
gao sinjieni me mjera imisa, rasac `civ literaturas~ vuwodeb: es aris gaqcevis da
Tanamedrove sicocxlis SenarCunebis literatura, arautilitaruli literatura,
Cineli mwerali romelic dakavebulia sakuTari Tavis gadarCeniT, raTa sazogadoebam ar
gao sinjieni dai- moaSTos. me mjera momentis literaturis, literaturisa cocxali
bada 1940 wels.
adamianebisTvis. unda SegveZlos Tavisuflebis gamoyeneba. Tu Cven mas
igi pirveli Cine-
li mweralia, ro- raRacis sanacvlod viRebT, igi qreba~.
melmac nobelis gao sinjieni
premia miiRo
(2000 wels).
pozicia
zemoT moxmobili teqstebis avtorebi, erTi mxriv _ mwerlebi da meore mxriv _ filoso-
fosi, sxvadasxvagvarad iazreben literaturis mniSvnelobas. sainteresoa, Tqven ras fiqrobT:
risTvis da ratom unda kiTxulobdes adamiani mxatvrul literaturas?
Tqveni azriT, ra miznebs unda emsaxurebodes literaturis swavleba? Sexedulebebi

CamoayalibeT ramdenime punqtad.
mocemul teqstebSi gansakuTrebiT romeli mosazrebaa TqvenTvis uCveulo an romelma

miiqcia yvelaze metad Tqveni yuradReba da ratom?
kiTxva
I Tavi
1
fernando pesoa (1888_1935) _ portugalieli poeti, prozaikosi, eseisti.
71
avtoris Sesaxeb
`rodesac herman heses 1946 wels nobelis premia mianiWes, bevri gao-
cebiT kiTxulobda, vin aris netav es heseo. am premiis miniWebis Semdeg man
mTel msoflioSi gaiTqva saxeli. misi popularoba dRiTi dRe izrdeboda.
perioduli gamocemebi gaivso misi Semoqmedebisadmi miZRvnili werile-
biT. mozRvavda kritikuli literaturac. magram mwerlis cxovrebaSi am
popularobasa da saxels araviTari cvlileba ar mouxdenia. is isev gan-
herman hese martoebiT, uSfoTvelad cxovrobda italiuri Sveicariis myudro sofel-
1877_1962 Si _ motaniolaSi...
`Cven, avtorebs, misi saxli soflis ganapirasaa. mwvaneSi uceb verc ki dainaxav. luganos
gvsiamovnebs, rom tbas gadahyurebs. mwerali xSirad zis xolme Cafiqrebuli mzis Casvlisas
ase bevrs kiTxu- saxlis aivanze, an patara baRSi fusfusebs. gamxmar foTlebs da fiCxebs
loben, da, SeiZle-
ba, mwerlisTvis focxiT Seagrovebs, cecxls waukidebs da mere didxans zis Cacucquli.
gonivrulad arc susti, daavadebuli Tvalebi cecxlisTvis ver mouSorebia _ raRacaze fiq-
CaiTvalos imis robs. veravin bedavs misi myudroebis darRvevas. coli Tu wamoaxuravs
Tqma, rom metisme-
tad bevrs kiTxu- xalaTs _ ar Sescivdeso _ da maSinve gaSordeba. moxuci xSirad imeorebs
loben, magram si- xolme erT Zvel Cinur sibrZnes: `kaci rom daberdeba da Tavisas gaakeTebs,
namdvileSi kiT- is siCumes unda SeeCvios, sikvdils unda daumegobrdeso~. mwerlisaTvis
xvis procesi, ro-
melic sayovel- sikvdili moulodneli da saSineli ar yofila. man mSvidad ganuteva suli
Taod arasworad 1962 wlis 9 agvistos 85 wlis asakSi~.
ganimarteba da sa-
zianod realizde- rezo yaralaSvili
ba, sasixarulo su-
lac ar aris. gaci-
lebiT ukeTesi iq-
neboda aTi, magram
Segnebuli mkiT-
herman hese
xveli gyavdes, mi-
uxedavad maTgan
miRebuli mcire
mogebisa, vidre msoflio literaturis biblioTeka
aTasi, magram gul-
grili gadamkiT- (fragmentebi)
xveli. amitom vaZ-
lev sakuTar Tavs
imis Tqmis ufle- msoflio literaturis gasacnobad yovel adamians sakuTari arCevani
bas, rom metisme- aqvs. es damokidebulia mraval garemoebaze, romelTac axla ar Camov-
tad bevrs kiTxu- TvliT. swored am garemoebaTa wyalobiT erTisaTvis brZenTabrZeni fi-
loben, rac lite-
raturis Rirsebas losofosi platonia, usayvarlesi poeti ki _ homerosi da swored maT
ki ar amaRlebs, miiCnevs msoflio literaturis mwvervalebad. meoris azriT ki am titu-
piriqiT, mis mniS- lebis Rirsni sxvebi arian.
vnelobas akni-
nebs~. imisaTvis, rom msoflio literaturas movepyroT rogorc cocxal
h. hese fenomens, saWiroa Cvenze gansakuTrebuli zemoqmedebis momxdeni nawar-
moebi SevimecnoT ara raime sqemis an saganmanaTleblo programis mixed-
viT, aramed sakuTari Tavis Secnobis meSveobiT. arasworia Tavis iZuleba romelime Sedevris
wasakiTxad mxolod imitom, rom igi cnobilia da sircxvilia misi arcodna. piriqiT, kiTxva,
kiTxva
gacnoba da siyvaruli yoveli kacisaTvis bunebrivi ram unda iyos.

kmara Sesavali! msoflio literaturis sapatio galerea yvelasaTvis Riaa da aravin ar
unda SeuSindes mis ukideganobas.
I Tavi
msoflio literaturis biblioTekis Sedgena yvelasaTvis cnobili `bibliiT~ daviwyoT.

mis gverdiT me vaTavseb `vedantas~ fragmentebs anu `vedebis dasasruls~ _ ùpaniSadebis~ rCe-
ulis saxiT. aqve iqneba `budas rCeuli sityvebi~ da aranakleb mniSvnelovani `gilgameSi~, ba-
72 bilonSi Sobili eposi _ Zlevamosili simRera sikvdilTan morkinal diad gmirze. Zveli Cine-
Tidan viRebT konfucis saubrebs, lao-Zis `dao-de-Zins~ da juan-Zis brwyinvale igavebs. amave
monakveTSi unda movaqcioT agreTve klasikuri Cinuri poeziis rCeuli nawarmoebebic.
ufro gviandeli aRmosavluri qmnilebebidan Cvens biblioTekas sWirdeba didi krebuli
_ àTas erTi Ramis zRaprebi~, _ dauSreteli tkbobis wyaro. saxeebiT yvelaze mdidari wigni
msoflioSi. da Tumca momxiblav zRaprebs dedamiwis yvela xalxi Txzavda, es klasikuri ja-
dosnuri wigni da masTan erTad Cveni sakuTari germanuli xalxuri zRaprebi, gadamuSavebuli
Zmebi grimebis mier, Cveni biblioTekisaTvis jerjerobiT sakmarisi iqneba. sasurvelia rCeuli
sparsuli lirikis romelime kargi krebulis SeZenac.
gadavdivarT evropul literaturaze. antikuri literaturis mdidari da mravalwaxna-
govani samyarodan uwinares yovlisa virCevT homerosis orive poemas, romelic Zveli saber-
ZneTis mTel atmosferosa da suls gadmogvcems, magram nurc sam did tragikoss daviviwyebT:
esqiles, sofoklesa da evripides. berZnuli sibrZnis samyaros rom mivadgebiT, kvlav wavaw-
ydebiT erT mtkivneul xarvezs: saberZneTis yvelaze gavleniani da SesaZloa, yvelaze mniSvne-
lovani filosofosi sokrate namcec-namcec unda moviZioT ramdenime sxva filosofosis Txzu-
lebebSi, gansakuTrebiT platonTan da qsenofontesTan. Cvens biblioTekaSi aucileblad gvWir-
deba aristofane, unda movZebnoT agreTve gmiruli biografiebis ostatis plutarqes erTi an
ori wigni mainc. arc lukianes gamotoveba SeiZleba.
romaelebSi me yovelTvis istoriografebs vaniWebdi upiratesobas mwerlebTan Sedare-
biT, magram axla mainc SevarCev virgiliuss, horaciussa da ovidiuss. maT gverdiT movixsenieb
tacitussac, romelsac davumatebdi agreTve svetoniuss da apuleusis òqros virs~. am ori
wignis kontrasts warmoadgens didi nawarmoebi, romelic imave epoqaSi da imave laTinur enazea
dawerili, magram sul sxva rameze _ adreuli qristianobis samyaroze mogviTxrobs. es gaxlavT
netari avgustines àRsareba~. cxadia ar gamogvrCeba Suasaukuneebis sulis gansaxiereba da
gvirgvini dantes `RvTaebrivi komedia~.
italiuri literaturis ufro axlo drois nawarmoebTagan SevarCevT bokaCos `dekame-
rons~. novelebis es cnobili krebuli, Tavisi kadnierebis gamo metismetad TavdaWeril ada-
mianebSi cudi saxeliT rom sargeblobs, evropuli TxrobiTi xelovnebis pirveli didi Se-
devria. italiuri renesansis tonalobisa da gulis feTqvis SesagrZnobad aviRebT benvenuto
Celinis avtobiografiasac.
Suasaukuneebis Semdgom evropis cxovrebasa da literaturaSi warmoiSva raRac axali, Ca-
moyalibda individualur-saavtoro literatura, italiaSi es procesi bokaCoTi daiwyo. swo-
red maSin safrangeTSi gamobrwyinda euli TviTnabadi, gansacvifrebeli poeti viioni, visi
mSfoTvare, Seudarebeli leqsebi veranair CarCoebSi ver eteva.
usaTuod unda gvqondes, sul cota, montenis eseebis erTi wigni, filisterebis mtrisa da
mxiaruli iumoris ostatis fransua rables `gargantua da pantagrueli~ da martosuli RvTis-
mosavisa da asketi moazrovnis paskalis `fiqrebi~, albaT kidev `werilebi provincielisadmi~.
ar SeiZleba daviviwyoT komediografi molieri, qilikis ostati, Semqmneli `tartiufisa~. ar
unda gamogvrCes lafontenis igav-arakebi. volteris brwyinvale prozidan aucileblad unda
SevarCioT `kandidi~ da `zadigi~, romelTa gamkenwlavi toni da keTilmosurneoba didxans
emsaxureba msoflios imis nimuSad, rasac frangul suls uwodeben. volteris garda dagvWir-
deba agreTve bomarSes `figaro~ da rusos àRsareba~, `manon leskos Tavgadasavali~ _ abati
prevos gulSi Camwvdomi samijnuro istoria. Semdeg modis maTi memkvidre _ franguli roman-
kiTxva
tizmi da aq mravali gamoCenili romanistis, asobiT wignis dasaxeleba SeiZleba, magram modiT
WeSmaritad unikalurni da Seucvlelni SevarCioT. esaa, uwinares yovlisa, stendalis romanebi
`wiTeli da Savi~ da `parmis savane~. aucilebelia balzaki. misi romanebidan unda viqonioT,
I Tavi
ukidures SemTxvevaSi `mama gorio~, `grande~, `Sagrenis tyavi~, òcdaaTi wlis qali~. am wignebis
gverdiT Cven movaTavsebT merimes keTilSobilur, ostatur novelebsa da unatifesi frangi
prozaikosis floberis nawarmoebebs _ `madam bovarisa~ da `grZnobebis aRzrdas~. aqedan unda
gadavinacvloT ramdenime safexuriT dabla _ zolasaken. magram isic gvWirdeba Tavisi xafan- 73
giTa da àbat miures SecdomiT~. agreTve mopasani, Tavisi ramdenadme avadmyofuri, lamazi
novelebiT. unikaluria bodleris leqsTa krebuli `borotebis yvavilebi~. nu daviviwyebT
pol verlenis leqsebs _ albaT yvelaze ufro zeSTagonebul da ufaqizes poetur qmnilebebs
mTel frangul poeziaSi.
inglisuri literatura daviwyoT Coseris `kenterberiuli moTxrobebiT~. romelTa siu-
Jetebi nawilobriv bokaCosganaa nasesxebi, magram tonalobiT ufro axalia. am wigns mohyveba
Seqspiris nawarmoebebi, magram ara rCeuli, aramed mTlianad, uklebliv yvela. Cveni maswav-
leblebi didi interesiT saubrobdnen miltonis `dakargul samoTxeze~, magram waukiTxavs ki
igi romelime Cvengans? ara. ase rom, masze uars vambobT, Tumca SeiZleba, es usamarTloba iyos.
Cesterfildis werilebi Tavisi vaJisadmi araa maincadamainc zneobrivi wigni, magram modiT
mainc nu uarvyofT. `guliveris~ avtoris _ genialuri sviftisagan aviRebT yvelafers, rac ki
xelSi Cagvivardeba. daniel defos mravalricxovan nawarmoebTagan CvenTvis mniSvnelovania
`robinzon kruzo~ da `mol flendersi~ _ maTgan iwyeba inglisuri klasikuri romanebis STam-
beWdavi galerea. ar unda gamogvrCes Selisa da kitsis leqsebi. isini qveynad arsebul yvelaze
mSvenier lirikul nawarmoebebs ganekuTvnebian. baironisa ki, rac ar unda aRfrTovanebuli
viyo am romantikosi zeadamianiT, gveyofa erT-erTi misi didi poemaTagani `Caild haroldi~.
valter skotis istoriuli romanebidan avirCevT àivenhos~. Semdeg davalagebT romanebis
didron varskvlavebs: Tekereis, misi àmaoebis bazriTa~ da `snobTa wigniT~, da dikenss, rome-
lic miuxedavad alag-alag Separuli sentimentalobisa, mainc gulkeTili da SesaniSnavad axi-
rebuli didebuli ingliseli romanistia. dikensisa unda viqonioT, ukidures SemTxvevaSi,
`pikvikistebi~ da `devid koperfildi~. unda viqonioT agreTve erTi an ori wigni oskar uail-
disa, uwinares yovlisa `dorian grei~ da ramdenime ese. amerikuli literatura warmovadginoT
SiSisa da saSinelebaTa mwerlis edgar pos novelebis tomiT da uolt uitmenis yvelaze paTe-
tikuri leqsebiT.
espanuri nawarmoebebidan, upirveles yovlisa, SeviZinoT servantesis `don kixoti~ _ yve-
la drois erT-erTi grandiozuli da amasTan erTad, yvelaze momxiblavi wigni, ori ukvdavi
gmiris _ warmosaxul avazakebTan morkinali moxetiale raindisa da misi godora saWurvel-
TmtvirTvelis sanCo pansas Tavgadasavali, magram arc amave mwerlis novelebze vityviT uars.
isini TxrobiTi xelovnebis namdvil ganZs warmoadgenen.
gansakuTrebiT mdidaria gasuli saukunis1 rusuli literatura. vinaidan rusuli enis di-
di klasikosi puSkini uTargmnelTa rigs ganekuTvneba, daviwyoT gogoliT da Cvens biblio-
TekaSi CavrToT misi `mkvdari sulebi~ da moTxrobebi. moviZioT dRes ramdenadme daviwyebuli
Sedevri _ turgenevis `mamebi da Svilebi~ da gonCarovis òblomovi~. tolstoisagan sul cota
ori romani mainc unda aviRoT: òmi da mSvidoba~ (albaT saukeTeso rusuli romani) da àna
karenina~. aucileblad unda gvqondes dostoevskis `Zmebi karamazovebi~, `danaSauli da sas-
jeli~, agreTve zeSTagonebuli romani ìdioti~.
luTeris mTavari _ germanuli biblia Cven dasawyisSive vaxseneT da masze bunebrivia aRar
SevCerdebiT. kontrreformaciis xanis breslauSi2 gamoCnda erTi ucnauri adamiani, mwerali
angelius sileziusi. misi nawarmoebebidan Cvens dromde moaRwia mxolod leqsebis Txelma
wignakma, romelic germanul klasikur poezias unazesi feriT amkobs. esaa `qerubimeli mogza-
uri~. Tumca goeTemdeli germanuli lirikisaTvis erTi kargi rCeulic ikmarebda. luTeris
droidan Cveni biblioTekisaTvis savsebiT Rirseulad mimaCnia niurbergeli saxalxo poeti
hans saqsi. Cveni biblioTekis amave nakveTSi movaTavsebT me-18 saukuneSi SeTxzul wigns `baron
kiTxva
miunhauzenis Tavgadasavals~.
ra Tqma unda, am biblioTekaSi gveqneba goeTes yvelaze sruli gamocema, mas SeiZleba ak-
I Tavi
ldes zogierTi SemTxveviTi piesa, romelime statia an recenzia, magram sakuTriv literatu-
ruli Txzulebani, agreTve lirikuli leqsebi yovelgvari gamonaklisis gareSe unda iyos
1
igulisxmeba XIX saukune.
74 2
breslau _ poloneTis uZvelesi qalaqis vroclavis germanuli saxelwodeba.
warmodgenili. aqve unda iyos goeTes biografiis umniSvnelovanesi dokumentebic, ekerman-
Tan saubrebi da zogierTi ram misi mimoweridan, uwinares yovlisa, SilerTan da qalbaton fon
StainTan mimowera. am bolo dros gamoCnda holderlinis ramdenime kargi da sruli gamocema.
erT-erT maTgans Cven mowiwebiT miviRebT Cvens biblioTekaSi. holderlinis erT mxares nova-
lisis nawarmoebebi unda idos, meore mxares ki klemens brentanosi. amaT siaxloves movaTavsebT
tikis ramdenime novelistur nawarmoebs, agreTve mis `Ceqmebian katas~, am, SeiZleba iTqvas,
germanuli romantizmis yvelaze axirebul piesas. aucileblad unda viqonioT germanuli ro-
mantizmis virtuozi prozaikosis hofmanis wignebic.
Tvals vavleb gaweul samuSaos da ar SemiZlia am mimoxilvis bevri zadi da naklovaneba ar
aRvniSno. sworia ki, rom msoflio literaturis biblioTekaSi SevitaneT `baron miunhauzenis
Tavgadasavali~ da induri `bhagavatgita~ amovagdeT? mqonda ki amis ufleba?
Zalian iolia msoflio literaturis biblioTekis Cemeuli variantis gabiabrueba, ro-
gorc metismetad subieqturisa da axirebulis, magram Zalian Zneli, ufro metic, SeuZlebeli
iqneba misi Secvla savsebiT samarTliani, sruliad obieqturi arCevaniT. maSin mogviwevda masSi
CagverTo yvela is avtori da nawarmoebi, bavSvobidanve rom SeveCvieT. TiToeuli maTgani rom
namdvilad wavikiTxoT, mTeli sicocxle ar gveyofa. da gulwrfelad rom giTxraT, germaneli
poetis kargi lamazi leqsi, romlis melodiac ukanaskneli bgeris milevamde udides sitkbo-
ebas maniWebs, xSirad ufro mets maZlevs, vidre sanskrituli literaturis uRirsSesaniSnavesi
nawarmoebi, Tuki mas mxolod mSrali, uxeiro TargmaniT vecnobiT. garda amisa, mweralTa codna
da Sefaseba maTi wignebis mixedviT xSirad ganicdis bedis cvalebadobas. dRes Cven vaRiarebT
im mwerlebs, romlebic oci wlis winaT literaturis istoriaSi saerTod ar ixseniebodnen.
gamoxdeba xani da Cveni Svilebi da SviliSvilebic dRevandel Sefasebebsa da Sexedulebebs
aseve uimedod CamorCenilad CaTvlian.
me rac dRes msoflio literaturis idealad meCveneba, Cemi Svilebi iseve calmxrivad da
sasacilod CaTvlian, rogorc es odesRac Cems mamas an papas moeCveneboda. magram am garduvalobas
unda davemorCiloT. da nu warmovidgenT, rom Cven mamebze ufro Wkvianebi varT. rac unda mSveni-
eri iyos obieqturobisa da samarTlianobisaken swrafva mainc unda gvaxsovdes, rom es idealebi
miuRwevelia. rigiani msoflio biblioTekis mizani aris ara mecnierebis mwvervalebis dapyroba
da ara amqveynad yovlismcodneobis uflebis mopoveba, aramed is, rom CvenTvis misaRwevi karib-
WiT SevabijoT sulis taZarSi. dae yvelam imiT daiwyos ris gagebasa da Seyvarebasac SeZlebs.
kiTxvis swavla, am sityvis maRali azriT, mxolod SedevrebiT SeiZleba da ara gazeTebisa da
SemTxveviTi sayofacxovrebo literaturis kirkitiT.
Targmna soso paiWaZem
saubari
herman heses narkvevi, romelic fragmentebis saxiT warmogidgineT, informaciul-Semec-

nebiTi xasiaTisaa. bevri nawarmoebi, romelsac hese `biblioTekis Sesaqmnelad~ gvTavazobs,
TqvenTvis nacnobia. Tumca unda giTxraT, rom am `biblioTekaSi~ SegxvdebaT iseTi avtorebi
da teqstebic, romlebic SesaZloa TqvenTvis sruliad ucxo iyos. aq CamoTvlili nawarmoebebis
umravlesoba qarTulad gaxlavT Targmnili, Tqvenc mTeli saswavlo wlis manZilze geqnebaT
kiTxva
SesaZlebloba, maswavleblis rCeviT moiZioT zogierTi maTgani da, rogorc hese ambobs, mii-
RoT siamovneba am `sicocxliT mCqefare~ wignebisagan.
I Tavi
75
prezentacia
dawereT saprezentacio moxseneba saTauriT `Cemi literaturuli biblioTeka~ (ix. da-

narTi #2).
proeqtis Sesaxeb
proeqtis SeqmnisaTvis, pirvel rigSi aucilebelia misi struqturis codna (ix. danarTi #3.)
amjerad Tqven mier gansaxorcielebel proeqtebSi unda gamoikvlioT Tanamedrove sazo-
gadoebis damokidebuleba kiTxvis fenomenisadmi. Tqven unda gansazRvroT warmodgenili pro-
eqtebis miznebis aqtualoba da amis gaTvaliswinebiT ganaxorcieloT igi. warmogidgenT pro-
eqtebis miznebs:
1. axalgazrda TaobisaTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani da popularuli wignis gamovlena.
2. Tanamedrove qarTuli sazogadoebis kiTxvisadmi damokidebulebis garkveva.
3. `qarTuli literaturis biblioTekis Seqmna~ (nimuSad gamoiyeneT herman heses narkvevi).
gTavazobT zogad rCevebs proeqtebis dasagegmad da gansaxorcieleblad.
nebismieri proeqti SegiZliaT ganaxorcieloT, rogorc individualurad, ise jguf-

Tan, mTel klasTan erTadac ki.
unda daasabuToT Tqven mier arCeuli saproeqto Temis aqtualoba.
upirveles yovlisa, unda SeadginoT konkretuli, etapobrivi gegma da gansazRvroT

proeqtis amocanebi.
amjerad, zemoT warmodgenili TiToeuli proeqtis miznis specifikidan gamomdinare

mogiwevT kvlevebisa da sociologiuri gamokiTxvis (Tqven mier SemuSavebuli krite-
riumebiT) Catareba, romlis safuZvelzec unda gamoitanoT konkretuli daskvnebi da
ganaxorcieloT proeqtSi warmodgenili amocanebi.
Catarebulma kvlevebma unda asaxos realuri suraTi.
gamokiTxvebisa da intervius (ix. danarTi #4) aRebis dros unda gamoavlinoT `kiTxvas-
Tan~ dakavSirebuli problematikis ZiriTadi aspeqtebi. zemoT naxsenebi meTodebis ga-
moyenebiT, sxvadasxva socialur fenasTan urTierTobis dros, ufro naTlad gamoikve-
Teba sazogadoebis interesebi da damokidebuleba kiTxvis fenomenisadmi.
intervius aRebamde zustad gansazRvreT da CamoayalibeT ZiriTadi SekiTxvebis nusxa.

SeecadeT, rom kiTxvebi iyos mokle, zusti, konkretuli da uSualod ukavSirdebodes
sakvlevi Temis specifikasa da mTavar problemas.
kvlevis dasrulebis Semdeg unda gaarkvioT Tu ras, ratom, da rogor kiTxulobs sazo-
gadoebis garkveuli jgufi. unda gaaanalizoT , ganazogadoT kvlevis Sedegebi da war-
moadginoT igi daskvnis saxiT.
proeqtis prezentaciisas naTlad unda warmoaCinoT Tqven mier Catarebuli kvlevis

kiTxva
specifika, yuradReba unda gaamaxviloT am kvlevis Sedegad gamovlenil siaxleebsa da

problemebze.

I Tavi
sasurvelia gamosceT mcire zomis bukleti da dainteresebul sazogadoebas gaacnoT

Tqveni kvlevis Sedegebi.
76
II Tavi
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
II Tavi
77
Sesavali
ra aris an vin aris adamiani? vin var me? risTvis arsebobs is sazogadoeba, romelSic vcxov-
rob? ra aris kacobrioba, romelsac vekuTvni? ras warmoadgens es samyaro, romelSic yvelani
vimyofebiT? saidan movdivarT? sad mivdivarT? ras niSnavs, ra azri aqvs yovelive amas?
am da msgavs kiTxvebs xSirad banalurs uwodeben xolme. albaT imitom, rom adamiani aseT
Temebze im droidan fiqrobs, rac adamianad gaicnobiera Tavi, anu im droidan, rogorc ki
azrovneba daiwyo. pasuxebic auracxeli dagrovda _ religiuri, filosofiuri, mxatvruli,
mecnieruli...
magram fiqri mainc ar wydeba da albaT arc arasodes Sewydeba, radgan adamiani arsebiTad
swored fiqris unariT gansxvavdeba danarCeni arsebebisagan. fiqris samyaro qmnis mis su-
lier cxovrebas. igi amaRlebs mas danarCen qmnilebebze.
magram fiqris unarive amyofebs mas gansakuTrebulad rTul mdgomareobaSi. Znelia iyo
adamiani, radgan adamianoba ar niSnavs mxolod biologiur arsebobas.
rogorc ilia WavWavaZe werda, `yvelazed Zneli adamianisaTvis Tavisis-Tavis cnoba,
Tavisis-Tavis codna aris, ese igi, icodes ris Zal-Ronis patronia da imis kvalobazed am
wuTis-soflis sufrazed Tvisi WeSmariti adgili daiWiros da cxovrebas adamianisas aqedam
misces Tavisi SemZlebeli mxari. Cven amazed Sorsac wavalT da vityviT, rom yvelazed Zneli
adamianisaTvis Tavisis cxovrebis sagnis povna da aCenaa~.
adamianad yofna ufro metia, vidre ubralod yofnaa. adamians ar SeuZlia ar ifiqros Ta-
vis Tavze da Tavis yofierebaze.
Tuki erTxel mainc dafiqrebulxarT zemoTmoyvanil kiTxvebze, Tavidanve mixvdebodiT:
imisaTvis, rom ifiqro, imisaTvis, rom sakuTari Tavi Seimecno, saWiroa ganuwyvetliv iTvi-
sebde sxvaTa nafiqr-naazrevs. esec adamianad yofnis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani niSania. swored
sakuTari Tavis ukeT SemecnebisTvis SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT is teqstebi, romlebic winamdebare
TavSi unda SeiswavloT.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
II Tavi
78
§ I
avtoris Sesaxeb
dimitri uznaZe im qarTvel moRvaweTa ricxvs miekuTvneba, romelTac

pirvelebs miecaT saSualeba ganaTleba dasavleT evropaSi mieRoT. filo-
sofia man germaniaSi Seiswavla. saqarTveloSi dabrunebuli dimitri uz-
naZe ZiriTadad pedagogiur moRvaweobas eweoda. igi im mecnierTa Soris
iyo, romelTac ivane javaxiSvilis TaosnobiT, 1918 wels, Tbilisis saxel-
mwifo universiteti daarses. dimitri uznaZemve daafuZna fsiqologiis
dimitri uznaZe qarTuli samecniero skola. mis saxels ukavSirdeba fsiqologiaSi sayo-
1886_1950 velTaod aRiarebuli `ganwyobis Teoriis~ Seqmna. dakrZalulia Tbilisis
àdamians gansaz- saxelmwifo universitetis ezoSi.
Rvrul garemoSi
uxdeba cxovreba.
misi suli SiSve-
li usazRvroebaa,
magram usazRvro-
eba savse sazria- dimitri uznaZe
nobiTa da siste-
maturobiT. misi
cxovrebis azri
garemo ki Zirfes-
vianad dausrule- (fragmentebi)
beli, qaosuri da
umiznoa. amitom Cveni arsebobis daniSnulebis obieqturi xasiaTi, kacobriobis isto-
adamiani, rogorc
ki gaaxels Tvals, riuli warsulidanac naTlad Cans, Torem rad iqneboda CvenTvis ukvdavi
im wamsve tkivi- Temistokle1 da fidiasi2, aristotele da platoni3, aleqsandre da napo-
liT grZnobs im leoni4, romelTac gacilebiT ukeT SeeZloT moewyoT TavianTi piradi bed-
ZiriTad Seusaba-
mobas, romelic niereba. maSin maT magier kacobriobis gmirTa panTeonSi pirveli rigi daT-
arsebobs mis sul- mobili eqnebodaT alkibiadesa da krasuss5, katilinasa da lukuluss6, maSin
sa da garemos So- mahmadi da buda7, konfuci8 da qriste Tavs daxridnen epikuresa9 da aris-
ris. es tkivili
aSfoTebs, amoZra- tokrat romaelTa winaSe, romelTa cxovreba mudamdRe gancxroma iyo, mag-
vebs adamians da ram kacobrioba amaT winaSe rodi ixris qeds, maT saxelebs rodi aRbeWdavs
samoqmedod iw- oqros asoebiT Tavis mexsierebis dafaze. mas ufro iseTni ainteresebs,
vevs...~
romelTa cxovreba pirad bednierebas ki ar misdevda, aramed obieqturi
d. uznaZe
Sinaarsis Semoqmedebas emsaxureboda. mxolod aseTTa cxovrebaa CvenTvis
sayuradRebo da isic imdenad, ramdenadac isini am obieqturi Sinaarsis
Semoqmedebas eweodnen.
amitom kacobriobis mTeli istoriuli warsuli Semdegi suraTis saxes iRebs. warmoidgi-
neT udidesi balaveri, romelzec unda aigos didi nageboba da am balavris garSemo mileTi
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
1
Temistokle (Zv. w. 525_460) _ aTeneli mxedarTmTavari. aTenis sazRvao Zlierebis Semqmneli.
2
fidiasi _ Zveli berZeni moqandake.
3
aristotele (Zv. w. 384_322), platoni (Zv. w. 428_348) _ Zveli berZeni filosofosebi.
4
aleqsadre makedoneli (Zv. w. 356_323) _ Zveli samyaros erT-erTi udidesi mxedarTmTavari. napoleon
bonaparti (1769_1821) safrangeTis imperatori, gamoCenili sardali.
5
alkibiade (Zv. w. 450_404) _ aTeneli politikuri moRvawe. cnobili iyo Tavisi silamaziT, aRvirax-
snili cxovrebiTa da politikuri uprincipobiT. markus krasusi (Zv. w. 115_53) _ romaeli mxedarTmTavari;
Tavisi drois umdidresi kaci, romelmac politikuri gavlena simdidris xarjze moipova.
6
lucius katilina (Zv. w. 108_62) _ romaeli politikuri moRvawe; avantiuristi, romis respublikis
II Tavi
winaaRmdeg mowyobili SeTqmulebis moTave. lucius lukulusi (Zv. w. 117_56) _ simdidriT ganTqmuli
romaeli politikuri moRvawe.
7
mahmadi (570_632) _ muslimuri sarwmunoebis damaarsebeli. gautama buda (Zv. w. 623_544) budizmis
damaarsebeli.
8
konfuci (Zv. w. 551_479) _ Zveli Cineli moazrovne da politikuri moRvawe.
9
79
epikure (Zv. w. 341_270) _ Zveli berZeni filosofosi.
xalxi, aTasi da aTiaTasi adamiani ireva am momavali Senobis safuZvelze. zogs mZime lodi ga-
udvia zurgze da balavrisken miiswrafvis, meore kirs da silas ezideba imave adgilisaken,
zogi kidev gars daxvevia balavers da niCbiTa da CaquCiT, lomebiTa da bariT moZraobis ko-
riantels ayenebs mis garSemo. am adgilidan cota moSorebiT, iqve gaSenebul baRSi ki mravali,
feradebSi gamowyobili qali da kaci mxiarulebis JriamulebiT, cekviTa da simReriT gan-
cxromas miscemian. maT saxes siamovnebisa da kmayofilebis beWedi azis da isini gancvifrebiT
da dacinviT misCerebian im sakvirvel adamianebs, romelnic iq raRac araCveulebrivi fus-
fusiT balavers da raRacas aSeneben; ratom da risTvis rom kiTxoT, TviTonac ver getyvian.
amitom maT sulelebad da giJebad miaCniaT is adamianebi, TavianT ori dRis sicocxles ase
uazrod raRac Senobis agebas rom andomeben.
Cveni istoriuli warsulic swored aseTi muSaobaa. Cvenc gvaqvs asagebi raRac didi Se-
noba, romelic Cvens winaprebs dauwyiaT da Semdeg misi damTavreba CvenTvis gadmouciaT. am-
gvarad, dabadebidanve dayolili gvaqvs Tan is daniSnuleba, romelsac mTeli Cveni Zal-Rone
unda movaxmaroT. Cveni movaleoba am saxiT imTaviTve gansazRvrulia. gasakvirveli ar aris
amitom, rom Cveni cxovreba instinqturad mxolod iseT pirovnebebs Tvlis yuradRebisa da
Tayvaniscemis Rirsad, romelnic mTel TavianT ZalRones aseTi Senobis agebas axmaren, xolo
iseTni, romelTac amgvari Seneba sisuleled da sigiJed miuCneviaT, ra gasakviria, rom Cveni
mexsierebidan ugzoukvlod qrebian.
davalebebi
analizi
1. ganmarteT, rogor gesmiT sityvaTSeTanxmeba òbieqturi Sinaarsis Semoqmedeba~.

2. cal-calke CamowereT im adamianTa saxelebi, romlebic avtoris azriT, piradi bednie-
rebis mosawyobad cxovrobdnen da imaTi, romlebic òbieqturi Sinaarsis Semoqmede-
bas~ emsaxurebodnen. gamoiyeneT Sesabamisi sacnobaro literatura an interneti da
daakvirdiT, riT gansxvavdeba am adamianTa moRvaweoba erTmaneTisgan?
3. Tvali gadaavleT saqarTvelos istorias uZvelesi droidan dRemde da TqvenTvis cno-
bili saxelebi dimitri uznaZis mier SemoTavazebuli principiT cal-calke CamowereT.
mokled daasabuTeT, ratom SegaqvT es saxelebi ama Tu im siaSi.
4. kidev erTxel gadaikiTxeT d. uznaZis `balaveris magaliTi~. Tqveni azriT, dRes, Cven
garSemo, SeiZleba gamoiyos im adamianTa jgufi, romlebic `cekviTa da simReriT gan-
cxromas miscemian da gancvifrebiTa da dacinviT misCerebian im sakvirvel adamianebs,
romelnic araCveulebrivi fusfusiT balavers aSeneben~? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
pozicia
SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom d. uznaZis naazrevi erTgvari miniSnebaa imaze, Tu rogor unda
icxovros adamianma, raTa misi sicocxle Rirseuli pasuxi aRmoCndes am paragrafis SesavalSi
dasmul e. w. banalur kiTxvebze? eTanxmebiT Tu ara am miniSnebas? ratom? Tuki gansxvavebuli
mosazreba gaqvT, Tqveni Tvalsazrisi daasabuTeT.
II Tavi
80
Tvalsazrisi
rogor fiqrobT, `piradi bednierebis mowyoba~ yovelTvis gamoricxavs òbieqturi Si-

naarsis Semoqmedebas~? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
weriTi davaleba
Tqven ukve iciT, rom sazogadoebisa da pirovnebis urTierToba xSirad maSinac ki ar aris
umtkivneulo da uRrublo, roca pirovnebis `cxovreba pirad bednierebas ki ar misdevs, ara-
med obieqturi Sinaarsis Semoqmedebas emsaxureba~.
gaixseneT wina klasebSi naswavli is nawarmoebebi, romlebic pirovnebisa da sazogadoebis
winaaRmdegobriv urTierTobas exeboda. aRidgineT is gancda, romelic maTi Seswavlis Semdeg
dagrCaT. aseve gamoiyeneT dimitri uznaZis teqsti, mokled, gaiTvaliswineT yvelaferi, rac
ki am Temaze gsmeniaT, ginaxavT (magaliTad, raime filmi) an wagikiTxavT da dawereT ese saTau-
riT `banaluri kiTxvebi~.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
II Tavi
81
§ II
avtoris Sesaxeb
`piriqiTa xevsureTSi, mucos cixis sanaxebSi erTi uzarmazari lodi

icavs xeobis yels. gaRma da gamoRma yaryumis mosasxamiT mosili myinvarebi
cas mibjenian. gaRmac ufskruli axlavs im lods da gamoRmaca.
Sescqeris mgzavri am uSvelebel masivs granitisas da aRar icis, sai-
dan gaCnda igi am gavakebaze.
gadmoetyorcnos igi mewyerebs an mxarmarjvnidan an mxarmarcxnidan?
TvalnaTliv xedav, myinvarwverTagan daZruli lodi am tafobamdis
vaJa-fSavela
ver moaRwevda. amoefrqvios igi qvesknels miwisZvrebis dros? mTeli kvar-
1861_1915
cxlbeki tafobisa kaJisaganaa.
`CemTvis, dasak-
SescqeriT am lods, gaocebT saidan mosula, an vis moutania igi am xe-
rZalavi alagi
oci welia, rac obis yelSi? veraviTari bremzbergebi1 ver dasZravda amoden masivs. verc
aiCina, dainiSna da raime Zala, laRumis2 garda, SesZlebs am lodis mowyvetas am niadagidan...
Semoifargla, xo- bindisas Tu mieaxlebiT am lods mucos cixidan, ase ityviT, loiniao,
lo am oci wlis
ganmavlobaSi sad, mamali aqlemi saomari. dauCoqniao am aqlems, muxls asvenebso, raTa aR-
rogor vcxovrob, dges merme da udabnoebs eaxlos isev; Tu meore mxridan miuaxlovdi, frT-
aravin ar icis. iani lomi gegoneba, lomistaniani, frinvelis Wangiani da niskartiani
asea, ra gaewyoba,
yvelafers dro
qimera3 da yovel droSi, yovel pozaSi, yoveli mxridan sxvadasxva aR-
da gamocdileba nagobisa mogeCveneba igi.
uSvelis...~ vaJa-fSavela momagona am utolo lodma...~
vaJa-fSavela
konstantine gamsaxurdia
vaJa-fSavela
ram Semqmna adamianad
ram Semqmna adamianad? gavixarebdi, mTa-barsa

ratom ar moved wvimada, odes vnaxavdi mwvaneda,
rom vyofiliyav mudama morwyulsa Cemis ofliTa,
RrubelT gul-mkerdis mZivada, yvavilebs SigniT, gareTa.
miwaze gadmosagdebad gadavuSlidi gulmkerdsa
cvarad an Tovlad civada? dRisiT mzes, RamiT mTvaresa.
ar gamwiravda patroni sicocxles vagrZnobinebdi
ase oxrad da tivlada! momakvdav aremaresa.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
caSive amitacebda, Tovlad qceulsa gulSia

Tan matarebda Svilada. cecxlad imedi mrCeboda,
ase ar damWirdeboda rom isev Cemi sikvdili
sul mudam yofna frTxilada. sicocxled gadiqceoda
mzis motrfiale vivlidi da ganaxlebul bunebas
sikvdilis gamawbilada; yel-yurze moexveoda.
maRla ca, dabla xmeleTi
1913
II Tavi
me meqneboda wilada.
1
bremzbergi _ specialuri teqnikuri mowyobiloba, romelsac samTo samuSaoebSi tvirTis daxril
sibrtyeze dasaSvebad iyeneben.
2
laRumi _ zogi feTqebadi nivTierebis (naRmis, dinamitis...) saerTo saxeli.
82 3
qimera _ berZnul miTologiaSi: cecxlismfrqveveli urCxuli.
davalebebi
analizi
1. `ram Semqmna adamianad~ vaJa-fSavelam 1913 wels, mZime cxovrebiT ukve sakmaod gatexil-
ma dawera. Tqveni azriT, ramdenad kanonzomieria, rom aseTi leqsi poetma sicocxlis
miwuruls Seqmna?
2. vaJa-fSavelas es leqsi raRac konkretuli gancdis nayofia. imisaTvis, rom SeZlebis-
dagvarad miuaxlovdeT avtoris gancdas, daakvirdiT, rogor xasiaTdeba leqsSi, erTi
mxriv, adamianis xvedri da, meore mxriv, wvima. TvalsaCinoebisTvis ajobebs dakvirve-
bis Sedegebi gverdigverd CamoweroT. poetis azriT, ra ùpiratesoba~ gaaCnia wvimas
adamianTan SedarebiT?
3. Tqveni azriT, exmianeba vaJa-fSavelas leqsi SesavalSi moyvanil `banalur kiTxvebs~?
SesaZleblia Tu ara, rom `ram Semqmna adamianad~ garkveuli tipis pasuxad miviCnioT?
ratom?
Tuki dasaSvebad migaCniaT leqsis gansxvavebuli interpretacia, SeecadeT Tqveni versia
argumentirebulad CamoayaliboT.
teqsti da mkiTxveli
akaki wereTlis (1840_1915) leqsSi `vaJa-fSavelas~, aseTi striqonebi gvxvdeba:

ènas giwuneb, fSavelo,
mgosano maRal mTisao,
Tumc ki gviTesav margalits!..
mkiTxvelic imas mkisao!!~
konstantine gamsaxurdia (1893_1975) werda: `jer arc erTi dialeqtis mesityves ar gau-
marjvnia ase dasavleTis arc erT literaturaSi. dantes magaliTia odnav sagulisxmo, man tos-
kanuri dialeqti moaxvia italiurs Tavze... qarTul mwerlobaSi sasworis meore mxares rusTa-
veli, guramiSvili, qarTuli xalxuri poezia rom ar yofiliyo, SesaZlo iyo fSav-xevsuruli
dialeqti moexvia qarTuli literaturisaTvis vaJas. aseTi didi stiqioni iyo vaJa, rogorc
enobrivi movlena~.
mixeil javaxiSvili (1880_1937): `kuTxuriT wera metad saxifaTo xerxia. erTi Tu gaimar-
jvebs, aTi damarcxdeba, radgan stilizacia urTulesi da uZnelesi fandia. didi xelovanis
vaJa-fSavelas fraza: `Cafiqrebula mindia, yalivani sCrav pirSia~. _ saukuneebs gauZlebs, mag-
ram saliteraturo enaSi ver Semova~.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
anatol fransi (1844_1924): `mxolod liceumis maswavlebelia ucodveli, erTi Secdomac

ar gaepareba, Cven ki, saSualo niWis literatorebi, niWierebi da geniosebic, gramatikuli
SecdomebiT yelamde savse varT~.
Tamaz WilaZe (Tanamedrove qarTveli mwerali): `mwerlis ena uaRresad cocxali samya-
roa, amitom yvelaze naklebad emorCileba kanonebs, yovelgvar SezRudvas. am samyaroSi ar
arsebobs erTxel da samudamod dadgenili kanonebi, romlebsac, aqve vityvi, marTlwerisa da
gramatikis kanonebTan araviTari kavSiri ara aqvT. aq yvela marTalia, vinc niWieria. ena igive
mwerlis niWia... garkveuli TvalsazrisiT, mwerlis ena SeuRwevadi samyaroa, mwerlis enis ana-
II Tavi
lizi igive mwerlis Semoqmedebis analizia~.

gaaanalizeT zemoT warmodgenili yvela mosazreba da vaJa-fSavelas enis Sesaxeb Camoaya-
libeT Tqveni Tvalsazrisi.
83
avtoris Sesaxeb
`besik xaranauli SemoqmedTa im kategorias miekuTvneba, romelnic

TavianTi temperamentis, Taviseburi msoflgancdis gamo ver eguebian, me-
tad mtkivneulad ganicdian bevr rames, rac umravlesobisTvis Cveuleb-
rivi, gasagebi da ase Tu ise asatani Cans. aseTi poziciis gamo maTTan davas
azri ara aqvs, radgan amgvari mimarTeba samyarosTan usafuZvlo axireba
da poza rodia... b. xaranaulisTvis adamianis arsis Secnobis erT-erTi sa-
besik imedo gza TviTanalizia. igi daundoblad anaTebs Tavisi sulis idumal
xaranauli kunWulebs. vidre sxvas usayvedurebdes rames, jer sakuTar Tavs ùsworebs
Tanamedrove angariSs~, mokled TviTSecnobis, TviTsrulyofis Znel gzas adgas. forma,
qarTveli
romliTac mas Tavisi saTqmeli miaqvs mkiTxvelamde, savsebiT Seesabameba
poeti
Sinaarss, mis mxatvrul saxeebs mkacri aucilebloba ganapirobebs; meta-
`mas, visac mcire
eldac hyofnis, forebi, Sedarebebi, Cveulebriv, Zalze zusti, emociuri da mravlismet-
raTa dafeTdes, yvelia~.
RmerTi did
tanjvas ar levan bregaZe
miayenebs~.
b. xaranauli
besik xaranauli
xeebi
(fragmentebi)
RmerTo, rogori wuTieri aris cxovreba,

Seyvarebulni
siyvarulsac ver moaswreben.
magram rogori xangrZlivia

igi Cveni tkivilebisTvis.
rogor ar hyofnis did saqmeebs

erTi cxovreba,
magram rogori xangrZlivia
igi Cveni wvrilmanebisTvis.
rac ki vicxovre,
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
imden xans rom mglebSi mecxovra,

xom Zmad CamTvlidnen,
xom aRarasdros mimtyunebdnen,
ar gamwiravdnen.
me mgels kacs rogor Sevadareb,

magram gana mxolod imitom,
II Tavi
rom orivesi meSinia da vekrZalebi,

ufro imitom,
rom am arsebebs
meti asxvavebs,
84 vidre aris Sedarebis maTis mizezi.
mgeli Tavis znes arasodes ar gamoicvlis
da is _ znes Tvisas vinc erTgulebs,
xom marTalia,
da marTali xom mSvenieric aris da sandoc...
damnaSavea,
Tavis znes vinc malimal icvlis,
da damnaSave
marTals aba viT Sevadaro!
rac xalxSi vicxovre,

imden xans rom tyeSi mecxovra,
xeebs xom mainc gavarCevdi erTmaneTisgan...
viSrialebdi mec imaTTan.
dRes gacnobili
axal TvisebiT xvale aRar gamakvirvebda.
rac xalxSi vicxovre,

imden xans rom caSi mecxovra,
vikiafebdi mec varskvlavad,
magram sabralos
mainc miwisken meqneboda mzirali Tvali,
viT mglis ymuili
da martoobis xvewna-Sriali...
radgan:
esaa miwa,
me aq mciva da aqa mcxela,
esaa xalxi,
Cemi mtrebi da Cemi Zmebi
da rad vebrZolo,
an sulmokled ratom miyvardes,
gana maT ar Semqmnes poetad,
TavianTi uxeSi xeliT?!
radgan:
me vwer adamianebze,
saamisod me aRmZravs
Cemi axirebuli Tviseba,
rom maT vekuTvnode.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
me vwer adamianebze,
maTi axirebuli Tviseba _
ganicadon, ewamon...
da viRaceebSi aRmoacenon unari,
rom maTi vnebebi
TanagrZnobiT aRiweros.
II Tavi
85
davalebebi
teqstis analizi
1. besik xaranauli Tavisi leqsis dasawyisSi ambobs, rom cxovreba erTdroulad Zalian
xanmoklecaa da Zalian xangrZlivic. kidev erTxel waikiTxeT es adgili. Tqveni azriT,
dros marTla asasiaTebs aseTi paradoqsuli Tviseba Tu erTgvar poetur gadaWar-
bebasTan gvaqvs saqme? Tu Tqvenc SegimCneviaT drois is ucnauri Tviseba, romelzec
poeti laparakobs, kargi iqneba am gancdis sakuTari axsnac SemogvTavazoT.
2. poetis TqmiT, mglebi da xeebi (anu cxovelTa samyaro da mcenareebi) adamianTan Sedare-
biT ufro marTlebi da Sesabamisad, ufro mSvenierni da sandoni arian.
albaT gsmeniaT aSkarad uaryofiTi emociuri datvirTvis Semcveli fraza _ mglis ndo-
ba rogor SeiZleba, is xom Tavis znes arasodes moiSliso! anu mgeli imitom aris cudi,
rom znes arasodes iSlis. magram poetis TqmiT, mglebi da xeebi adamianTan SedarebiT
swored amitom arian ufro marTlebi da Sesabamisad, ufro mSveniernica da sandonic.
eTanxmebiT am mosazrebas? ratom?
imsjeleT, ratom gvTavazobs poeti kliSedqceul e.w. saRi azris sapirispiro ideas?
misaRebia Tu ara TqvenTvis sakiTxis ase dasma? ratom?

3. miuxedavad yvelafrisa, gaurbis Tu iRebs leqsis lirikuli gmiri realur cxovrebas?
leqsSi moZebneT Tqveni azris damadasturebeli epizodi da gaaanalizeT.
4. SeecadeT damoukideblad, werilobiT moaxdinoT qvemoT warmodgenili fragmentis
interpretacia:
`me vwer adamianebze,
maTi axirebuli Tviseba _
ganicadon, ewamon...
da viRaceebSi aRmoacenon unari,
rom maTi vnebebi
TanagrZnobiT aRiweros~.
im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki klasSi wamoiWreba azrTa mniSvnelovani sxvadasxvaoba, moawyveT
diskusia.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
1. rogorc gaxsovT, vaJa-fSavelam `ram Semqmna adamianad~ 1913 wels dawera, besik xarana-
ulma ki Tavisi leqsi _ TiTqmis erTi saukunis Semdeg. magram maTi qmnilebebi Cven mainc
erTad SemogTavazeT. Tqveni azriT, gamarTlebulia Tu ara amgvari dawyvileba? ratom?
2. Tqveni azriT, adamianisTvis damaxasiaTebeli `znis cvalebadoba~ SeiZleba Tu ara dava-
kavSiroT im faqtTan, rom gansxvavebiT yvela sulierisgan adamians arCevanis Tavisuf-
leba aqvs?
II Tavi
86
weriTi davaleba
TiToeuli adamiani Taviseburad aRiqvams samyaros. bunebrivia, originaluria Tqveneuli

aRqmac. gamoarCieT Tqveni cxovrebidan TqvenTvis mniSvnelovani erTi romelime emocia,
gancda da mieciT mas mcire poeturi an prozauli teqstis saxe. saTauri Tavad SearCieT.
***
yuradRebiT waikiTxeT qvemoT warmodgenili ori teqsti. dafiqrdiT maTSi wamoWril
problematikaze. ras ityviT, ra aqvT saerTo am teqstebs? imsjeleT avtorTa weris
maneraze, maT mier gamoyenebul mxatvrul gamomsaxvelobiT formebze. teqstebis
analizisas gaixseneT TqvenTvis kargad nacnobi `dekodirebis principi~ da isaubreT
am nawarmoebebis stilur da Janrul Taviseburebebze.
sakuTari saxeli
ratom makrTobs uecari daZaxeba? guli Semixteba da amiCqardeba, TiTqos Tavze peplis
saWeri Camomacves an gamaSiSvles.
sakuTari saxeli rom Semomesmeba, uxerxuloba meufleba, Secbuneba da simartove, TiT-
qos viRacam ar damindo, viRacam gamca.
raRac civi da usiamovno CameRvreba xolme mTels arsebaSi, rodesac is xuTi bgera gaix-
mianebs, me rom aRmniSnavs.
saxeli da gvari tkivils mayenebs, SeiZleba imitom, rom sinamdvileSi usaxelo var.
Cems Tvalebs arasodes waukiTxavT Cemi saxeli gazeTebSi, JurnalebSi, wignis ydaze,
anda konvertze: yovelTvis gamotoveben xolme, Cems kars Cemi gvari ar aweria.
ukve ocdaTxuTmeti weli gavida, dedamiwaze rac davdivar, am gvars vatareb da ver
SeveCvie. ise rogorc ver SeveCvie dedamiwas... albaT imitom, rom mosjili maqvs.
egeb saxeli saidumloa da mas xmamaRla ar unda ambobdnen, da mxolod erTma unda icodes,
uaxloesma, da kidev RmerTma? xolo sxvam yvelam dagiZaxos; Svilo, deda, deida, dao, dobilo,
megobaro, anda ubralod, adamiano?
rodesac uaxloesi kaci warmoTqvamda zogjer Cems saxels, Jruanteli mivlida xolme
da morCileba, TiTqos tuCebiT me mexeboda, anda Cems suls, an Cems sicocxles, anda Cems
sikvdils...
bazaltis qvaze Catvifruli _ Cemi saxeli aRar Semawuxebs. Tavisufali iqneba Cemgan.
Tavisufalni viqnebiT erTmaneTsagan.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
is _ samudamod Camarxuli nacrisfer qvaSi, me mis qvemoT, dedamiwaSi, Cemi suli ki ifar-
fatebs sadRac sivrceSi, Cvengan Tavdaxsnili, rogorc ialqani, navs mowyvetili. mxolod
viRacis xsovnis qoxSi kvlav SeverTdebiT da dagvaSorebs mere isev daviwyebis Talxi mdinare.
aRar SegvboWavs aravis fiqri.
naira gelaSvili
II Tavi
87
rogori var me
garegnoba
saSualoze maRali, aristokratiulad Zvalwvrili. gamxdari. beWebSi simpatiurad moxri-
li (SemiZlia gamarTulic viyo, magram me vfiqrob ase sjobia). saxe mogrZo. saxis feri mTva-
risebri _ RvTaebrivi, Tmebi niWieri da jiuti, Savi da safeTqlebTan WaRaraSereuli, rac
kidev ufro axalgazrdul iers maZlevs. Tvalebi?! o, ganved ganved, sityvano, rameTu ver
ZalgiZT Rirseulad Sesxma misi. Subli naTeli da farTo, tyvias rom izidavs. profili, di-
debuli da ubrwyinvalesi, romelic dabla eSveba mudam da erT adgilas dgas mainc. siaruli
xan Zalian neli, xan Zalian swrafi _ orive SemTxvevaSi didebuli dampyroblis maneriT. saxis
mimikebi xan saocrad nazi, xan saocrad vaJkacuri. orive SemTxvevaSi didebuli da RvTaebrivi.
mTlianobaSi erTob efeqturi da brwyinvale ram.
xasiaTi
guli _ keTili, mrisxane, boroti, mowyale, zogjer amayi.
suli _ amaRlebuli, nazi da mSfoTvare, gadamlaxveli, ganaTebuli da nerviulad mon-
greuli.
goneba _ yovlis mimxvedri, uRrmesi, unaTlesi, magram zarmaci.
ganaTleba _ umaRlesi.
SoTa CantlaZe
Tvalsazrisi
kritikos levan bregaZis azriT, `b. xaranaulisTvis adamianis arsis Secnobis erT-erTi
saimedo gza TviTanalizia~. ganmarteT, rogor, ra saSualebiT SeiZleba ganxorcieldes TviT-
analizi.
Tqveni azriT, SeiZleba Tu ara naira gelaSvilisa da SoTa CantlaZis teqstebi TviTana-
lizis nimuSebad miviCnioT? ratom?
weriTi davaleba
TiToeul Tqvengans, darwmunebuli varT, ufiqria sakuTari Tavis Sesaxeb. sakuTar raoba-
zec dafiqrebula. zemoT moyvanili teqstebis avtorebic, rogorc mixvdiT, am problemis
gacnobierebas cdiloben. maTi xedva da damokidebuleba am sakiTxisadmi, rogorc formis,
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
ise Sinaarsis TvalsazrisiTac sxvadasxvagvaria. gTavazobT daweroT ese, romlis saTaurad an

`sakuTar saxels~ airCevT, anda `rogori var me~-s.
kidev erTxel SegaxsenebT, rom, rogorc am konkretul SemTxvevaSi, ise zogadad, Tavad
Janris specifika gaZlevT saSualebas iyoT gulwrfelni, Tamamad gamoxatoT damokidebuleba
TqvenTvis mniSvnelovani problemebis mimarT; ama Tu im msoflmxedvelobriv sakiTxebsa Tu
Temebze msjelobisas gamoiyenoT sakuTari cxovrebiseuli da sulieri gamocdileba.
II Tavi
88
§ III
avtoris Sesaxeb
franc kafka Tavisi drois albaT erT-erTi yvelaze tragikuli adami-

ani iyo. magram moxda ise, rom mas Tavisi ubedurebis metad ucnaur da STam-
beWdav literaturul figurebad gardaqmnis iSviaTi niWi aRmoaCnda. am
garemoebam es tanjuli adamiani XX saukunis erT-erT yvelaze did da cno-
bil mwerlad aqcia, Tumca, rogorc xSirad xdeba xolme, mxolod gardac-
valebis Semdeg _ kafkas msoflio dideba meore msoflio omis Semdeg da-
franc kafka iwyo. misi tragikuli msoflgancda Zalze gasagebi aRmoCnda uamravi ada-
1883_1924 mianisaTvis. man TiTqos iwinaswarmetyvela is yovlismomcveli krizisi,
`mas ar hqonda romelSic mTeli dasavluri kultura aRmoCnda XX saukuneSi .
araviTari TavSe- franc kafkas piradi tragediis mizezi materialuri siduxWire ar yo-
safari, sadac SeeZ-
fila. igi sakmaod SeZlebuli ojaxidan iyo da am TvalsazrisiT gan-
lo suli moeT-
qva. amitom igi da- sakuTrebuli problemebi arasodes hqonia. Tavad mwerali sakuTari tra-
ucveli iyo yove- gediis erT-erT mTavar mizezs mamasTan urTierTobaSi xedavda. saerTod,
live imisgan, ris-
kafkas SemTxveva TvalnaTliv gviCvenebs, ra gadamwyvet rols asrulebs
ganac Cven dacu-
lebi varT. es kaci adamianis cxovrebaSi mSoblebTan urTierToba.
TiTqos SiSveli sxvaTa Soris, sikvdilis win kafkam Tavis megobars sTxova, xuTiode
iyo CacmulTa So-
ukve gamocemuli wignis garda yvela misi xelnaweri gaenadgurebina. mag-
ris~.
milena esenskaia,
ram megobarma... Txovna ar Seusrula. Zneli saTqmelia, sworad moiqca Tu
f. kafkas megobari ara es adamiani, magram man gamosca yvelaferi, ara mxolod mxatvruli
qali
nawarmoebebi, aramed kafkas dRiuric _ gasaocari gulwrfelobiT
Sesrulebuli TviTrefleqsiis1 nimuSi da aseve misi ganTqmuli `werili
mamas~. imave megobris gadmocemiT, es werili kafkas Tavdapirvelad dedisTvis gaugzavnia,
raTa mas piradad gadaeca mamisTvis, magram dedam Txovna ar Seusrula da ramdenime
damamSvidebeli frazis TanxlebiT werili ukan daubruna Svils.
franc kafka
werili mamas
(fragmentebi)
Zvirfaso mama,
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
amas winaT mkiTxe, mainc ratom vambob, rom Seni meSinia. rogorc yovelTvis, ar vicodi, ra
mepasuxa, nawilobriv imitom, rom Seni isev meSinia da am SiSs safuZvlad imdeni wvrilmani
udevs, megona maT bolomde gaazrebas verasodes SevZlebdi. Sevecdebi weriliT gipasuxo am
kiTxvaze, Tumca, albaT, arc es iqneba srulyofili pasuxi, radgan weris drosac ki Sens gav-
lenas vgrZnob da SiSi mipyrobs, rac Semdeg gonebaSi ireva da Tavgzas makargvinebs...
SenTvis yvelaferi martivi iyo, yovel SemTxvevaSi ase meubnebodi me da, rogorc wesi,
sxvebsac. mTeli cxovreba Sromobdi, yvelaferi _ SvilebisTvis. am msxverpls ufro CemTvis
II Tavi
iRebdi. `fufunebaSi~ vizrdebodi, Tavisuflad SemeZlo meswavla is, rac mindoda. amis gamo
madlobas ki ar moiTxovdi _ `Svilebis madlierebis~ fasi kargad ici _ aramed elementarul
gagebasa da TanagrZnobas. me ki amis nacvlad yovelTvis gagirbodi Cems oTaxSi, wignebTan,
1
TviTrefleqsia _ sakuTari azrebisa da gancdebis analizi. 89
SeSlil megobrebTan, giJur ideebTan; sinagogaSi ar dagyvebodi, gulaxdilad arasodes dag-
laparakebivar, francensbadSi ar mominaxulebixar, saerTod arasodes gamomivlenia naTesau-
ri grZnobebi, Sens wvrilman saqmeebze da ojaxze ar mizrunia, gadmogabare fabrika da mere
migatove, mxars vuWerdi otlas2. Sens dasaxmareblad TiTic ar gaminZrevia (Teatris bileTic
arasodes momitania), megobrebisTvis ki yvelafers vakeTebdi. Seni ganaCeni aseTia: var ara
amoraluri da boroti (gamonaklisia Cemi daqorwinebis ukanaskneli survili), aramed civi,
ucxo da umaduri. ise msayvedurob, TiTqos amaSi mxolod me viyo damnaSave, TiTqos xelis
erTi mosmiT SemeZlos yvelafris gamosworeba, xolo Sen ki sruliad udanaSaulo iyo. Tumca
unda vaRiaro, rom yovelTvis metismetad kargad meqceodi.
Seni Sexeduleba cxovrebaze, ase Tu ise, axlosaa simarTlesTan. vfiqrob,
Cvens gaucxoebaSi sruliad udanaSaulo iyavi, magram mec xom aseve udanaSa-
ulo var. es romc amexsna, axal cxovrebas mainc veRar daviwyebdiT, orives
Zalian dagvagvianda, magram iqneb cota mainc davmSviddeT, iqneb Seni gau-
Tavebeli sayvedurebic cota Serbildes...
mgoni, grZnob, risi Tqmac minda. amaswinaT miTxari: `yovelTvis miyvar-
di, Tumca garegnulad amas ise ver vavlendi, rogorc sxva mamebi, radgan
maTsaviT TamaSi ar SemiZliao~. ici, mama, Sens sikeTeSi arasodes daveWve-
bulvar, Tumca mainc ver dageTanxmebi. TamaSi marTlac ar gexerxeba, magram
herman kafka, amis gamo imis mtkiceba, rom sxva mamebi TamaSoben, an sisulelea, romelze-
franc kafkas mama
dac ar unda ikamaTo, an _ rac ufro sworad mimaCnia _ Cvens urTierTobaSi
1852_1931
raRac ver aris rigze, raSiac mec iseve var damnaSave, rogorc Sen, Tundac
uneblieT. Tu meTanxmebi, maSin erTsulovanni vyofilvarT.
ar dagabraleb, rom aseTi Sen gamxade. es ukve metismeti iqneboda (Tumca gazviadeba miy-
vars). Seni gavlena rom ara, advili SesaZlebelia, mainc susti, mSiSara, meryevi, aforiaqebuli
adamiani vyofiliyavi. arc robert kafka3 da arc karl hermani4, da mainc, sul sxvanairi, vidre
var, da albaT, erTmaneTsac mSvenivrad gavugebdiT. bednieri viqnebodi megobari, ufrosi,
biZa, papa an Tundac mkacri maminacvali rom yofiliyavi, magram rogorc mama _ zedmetad Zlieri
xar CemTvis. gansakuTrebiT imitom, rom Zmebi adre damexocnen, debi gvian gaCndnen, Sesabamisad,
pirveli dartyma martos unda gadametana, amisTvis ki Zalian susti aRmovCndi...
mSiSarac viyavi da albaT iseTive jiutic, rogoric yvela bavSvia. ra Tqma unda, dedac
manebivrebda, magram ver davijereb, rom gansakuTrebulad daumorCilebeli viyavi, ver da-
vijereb, rom erTi Tbili sityviT, xelis CakidebiT, keTili mzeriT imas ver miiRebdiT Cem-
gan, rac gindodaT.
marTalia, Sen keTilSobili da Zlieri xar, magram yvela bavSvi ar aris uSiSari da ara
aqvs imdeni nebisyofa, rom farul sikeTes Cawvdes. mxolod ise meqceodi, rogoric TviTon
xar: Zlieri, xmauriani, mrisxane... mesmis, rom gindoda Cemgan Zlieri, mamaci ymawvili dage-
yenebina, magram es SeuZlebeli iyo.
bavSvobidan zustad maxsendeba erTi SemTxveva. iqneb Senc gaxsovs. erTxel, RamiT, gamud-
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
mebiT wyals viTxovdi, wyurvilis gamo ki ara, SeiZleba ufro imitom, rom gamebrazebine, anda
laparaki mindoda. rodesac ramdenime mware damuqrebam Sedegi ver gamoiRo, sawolidan ama-
yene, derefanSi gamiyvane da ramdenime xans perangisamara iq, daketili karis win, marto dam-
tove. ver vityvi, rom es usamarTloba iyo, maSin albaT mxolod am gziT moipovebdi Ramis
simyudroves. amis gaxsenebiT mxolod Seni aRzrdis meTodebisa da Cemze maTi zemoqmedebis
Cveneba minda... wlebis Semdegac ki vitanjebodi mogonebebiT, rom es bumberazi kaci, mamaCemi,
RamiT, TiTqmis umizezod movidoda, sawolidan amayenebda da derefanSi marto damtovebda. ai
II Tavi
Turme rogori araraoba vyofilvar misTvis.
2
franc kafkas sayvareli da, romelic gansxvavebiT Zmisgan, mamas aSkarad aujanyda.
3
mwerlis biZaSvili.
90 4
franc kafkas dis, elis qmari.
maSin es mxolod dasawyisi iyo, magram CemSi gabatonebuli sakuTari araraobis gancda (me-
ore mxriv, mainc keTilSobiluri da nayofieri) Seni gavlenis Sedegia.
sul es iyo Cemi aRzrda. me mgoni, Sen aRmzrdelobiTi niWi gaqvs. Cemgan gansxvavebul bav-
SvTan iqneb warmatebisTvisac migeRwia. SenTvis damaxasiaTebeli aRzrdis oratoruli xer-
xebi iyo: lanZRva, muqara, ironia, boroti sicili da, Cemda gasaocrad, sakuTari Tavis gamo-
tireba... romelTa mimarTac sruliad uZluri viyavi.
Tu Sengan gaqceva mindoda, ojaxsac unda gavqceodi, dedasac... marTalia, is yovelTvis
micavda, magram amasac Seni gavlenis daRi aCnda.
Zalian Zunwi bavSvi viyavi. saerTod, siZunwe erT-erTi ueWveli niSania imisa, rom adami-
ani ukiduresad ubeduria. imdenad ar viyavi darwmunebuli sakuTar TavSi da sagnebSi, rom
sinamdvileSi vflobdi mxolod imas, rac xelSi meWira an pirSi medo da unda SemeWama...
qorwineba, ojaxis Seqmna, RvTisgan boZebuli yvela bavSvis gaCena, am cvalebad samyaroSi
maTi SenarCuneba da swor gzaze dayeneba, Cemi Rrma rwmeniT, adamianisTvis micemuli yvelaze
didi sikeTea...
sulac ar aris aucilebeli mzis SuagulSi SeWra, magram dedamiwis erT sufTa nawilamde
xom mainc unda micocde, sadac mze xandaxan gamoanaTebs, rom cotaTi gaTboba SeZlo...
viyavi amisTvis mzad? ara, albaT, ufro ara...
rac me mipyrobs, is Sen arc ki gexeba da piriqiT, rac SenTvis danaSauli araa, CemTvis Se-
iZleba iyos, rasac Sen yuradRebas ar aqcev, is SesaZloa, Cemi sazrunavi iyos... aq iyreba Cveni
cxovrebis gzebi. Cveni momavalic esaa... minda giTxra, rom es daumorCilebloba Sens mimarT
Seni ki ara, ufro Cemi bralia. Seni undobloba sxvebisadmi imdenad didi ar aris, rogorc Cemi,
Cemive Tavis mimarT. am undoblobas Sen mimaCvie...
SeiZleba, movlenebi realobaSi ise ar Seesabamebodes erTmaneTs, rogorc mtkicebule-
bebi Cems werilSi. cxovreba ufro metia, vidre erTi erTze TamaSi, magram koreqtivebiT,
romelic am TamaSSi Cndeba, koreqtivebiT, romlis gamoaSkaraveba arc SemiZlia da arc minda.
da mainc, am werilSi, Cemi azriT, imdenad mivuaxlovdi WeSmaritebas, rom mas SeuZlia cotaTi
mainc dagvamSvidos da, iqneb, cxovrebaca da sikvdilic gagviadvilos.
franci
1919
germanulidan Targmnes mariam gabaTaSvilma da salome patariZem
davalebebi
teqstis analizi
1. kidev erTxel yuradRebiT waikiTxeT werilis meore abzaci. rogorc xedavT, garegnu-
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
lad mamis saqciels wuns ver dasdebT. ufro metic, kafka ar malavs, aseT fonze rogor
arasaxarbielod gamoiyureba Tavisi saqcieli. imsjeleT am epizodze. garda werilis
avtoris marTlac gasaocari gulaxdilobisa, kidev ra momenti gxvdebaT TvalSi? ra
SegiZliaT daaskvnaT mamaSvilur urTierTobebze?
2. miuxedavad yvelafrisa, kafkas imedi aqvs, rom mama gaugebs. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,
cxadia, werilsac ar miswerda. Tqven rogor moiqceodiT aseT situaciaSi? ratom?
3. monaxeT teqstSi is adgili, sadac kafka Tavis Tavs sust, mSiSara, meryev da aforiaqe-
II Tavi
bul adamianad moixseniebs. mamamisis ra Tvisebas miiCnevs igi TavisTvis sabediswerod?

saerTod, SeecadeT es epizodi rac SeiZleba amomwuravad gaiazroT. rodisme gqoniaT
umweobis aseTi yovlismomcveli gancda mamasTan an sxva adamianTan urTierTobisas?
dafiqrebulxarT mizezebze? ra daskvnamde misulxarT? 91
4. SegiZliaT gulwrfelobis xarisxis TvalsazrisiT, franc kafka romelime TqvenTvis
nacnob mwerals SeadaroT? saerTod, Cveni aragulwrfelobis erT-erTi mTavari mize-
zi is gaxlavT, rom gvirCevnia imaze ukeTesebi gamovCndeT, vidre sinamdvileSi varT.
Tu dafiqrdebiT, sakuTar magaliTzec darwmundebiT, rom es namdvilad asea. Tqveni
azriT, ratom xdeba ase?
5. rogor xsnis kafka bavSvis siZunwis fenomens? eTanxmebiT Tu ara amgvar interpretaci-
as? Tqveni azri daasabuTeT.
6. mamis zegavleniT Camoyalibebul sakuTari araraobis gancdas kafka garkveuli gagebiT
mainc keTilSobilur da nayofier grZnobad miiCnevs. gaixseneT yvelaferi, rac ki am
mweralze wagikiTxavT an gsmeniaT da CamoayalibeT, rogor gesmiT `sakuTari araraobis
gancdis nayofiereba~.
7. Tqveni azriT, is faqti, rom franc kafka didi mwerali gaxda, uneblieT aris Tu ara
mamamisis `damsaxureba~? ratom?
interpretacia
germaneli moazrovne maqs Stirneri (1806_1856) bavSvobidan siymawvileSi gadasvlisas ada-

mianSi momxdar cvlilebebs ase axasiaTebs:
`TandaTanobiT gamWolad vxedavT yvelafers, rac manamde SiSiT gvavsebda. TandaTan vrwmun-
debiT, rom wkeplis Zalauflebisa da mamis mkacri saxis miRma raRac ufro Zlieri ram dgas _
kerZod, Cveni ataraksia5, daumorCilebloba, gambedaoba, winaaRmdegobis gawevis unari, Cveni
upiratesoba, daumarcxebloba. amieridan SiSiT aRar gavurbivarT imas, rac bavSvobaSi morCi-
lebasa da mowiwebas gvinergavda da simamaciT vivsebiT. yovelives miRma Cvens gambedaobasa da
upiratesobas vpoulobT. ufrosebisa da mSoblebis mkacri brZanebebis miRma dgas Cveni Tamami
neba da moxerxeba. rac ufro metad vacnobierebT sakuTar Tavs, miT ufro sustad warmogvidgeba
is, rac adre gadaulaxavi gvegona~.
Tu gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom franc kafka 36 wlis iyo, roca es werili miswera mamas,
unda davaskvnaT, rom igi bolomde verasodes gaTavisuflda im SiSisgan, romelsac mamis
mimarT grZnobda. marTlac ucnauri SemTxvevaa, magram dafiqrdiT, iqneb es garemoeba
ucnaurobad imitom gveCveneba, rom kafkasTvis damaxasiaTebeli gulwrfelobiT bevrni ver
davitrabaxebT da, Cveulebriv, adamianebi saWirod ar vTvliT aseT Temebze Riad saubars? ras
ityviT?
diskusia
rogor fiqrobT, mamasTan iseTi tipis urTierToba, rogoric franc kafkas hqonda,
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
mxolod dasavluri sazogadoebis problemaa Tu CvenSic SeiZleba arsebobdes? am sakiTxze

moawyveT saklaso diskusia. SeecadeT Tqveni pozicia konkretuli argumentebiT gaamyaroT.
weriTi davaleba
arsebobs mweral vaxtang WeliZis (1917_2005) momcro ese `kolorituli Janri~, romelSic
mwerali Tavis damokidebulebas gviziarebs mimoweris kulturaze. telefonisa da interne-
II Tavi
tis gaCenis Semdeg epistolarul urTierTobas yavli gauvida, magram, vfiqrobT, kafkas we-
rilis fragmentebis gacnobiTac darwmundiT, rom adamianuri urTierTobis am formas Tavisi
92 5
ataraksia _ sulieri simSvide.
ueWveli Rirsebebi gaaCnda, rasac, samwuxarod, verc telefoni anazRaurebs da verc inter-
neti. waikiTxeT vaxtang WeliZis ese, romelic dabeWdilia 1975 wels gamocemul wignSi _ `fiq-
rebi xvalindel dReze~.
iseve rogorc nebismier teqsts, werilsac Tavisi struqtura aqvs. gadaxedeT pirveli
Tavis II paragrafSi warmodgenil oTar CxeiZis esesac, romelsac werilis forma aqvs. wina
klasebSi ukve iswavleT, rogor iwereba werili. warmoidgineT, rom gindaT mamas an sxva
nebismier pirovnebas auxsnaT Tqveni gulistkivili. SeiZleba werilobiT es marTlac ukeTesad
moaxerxoT.
prezentacia
franc kafkas werilis es fragmentebi Tqvenze odnav ufrosma adamianebma, ukve stu-
dentebma Targmnes, rac imis niSania, rom kafkas werili dResac ainteresebT axalgazrdebs.
imedia, Tqvenc dainteresdebiT da mxolod movaleobis karnaxiT ar SeecdebiT mis Seswavlas.
Tavad werili originalSi gacilebiT mozrdilia da, cxadia, gacilebiT sainteresoc. isini,
vinc germanuls swavlobT, imedia, ukve ise flobT am enas, rom ar gagiWirdebaT kafkas we-
rilis dedanSi wakiTxva. daxmarebaze albaT arc germanulis maswavlebeli getyviT uars.
SegiZliaT gaerTianebuli gakveTilic CaataroT.
1. internetis saSualebiT moiZieT franc kafkas werilis sruli germanuli teqsti. qar-
Tulad Targmnili fragmentebi SeadareT dedans da CainiSneT, ra SemTxvevebSi ar eTan-
xmebiT mTargmnelebs. Tu daakvirdebiT, iolad SeniSnavT, rom mTargmnelebs ise Seur-
CeviaT saTargmneli fragmentebi, rom qarTvel mkiTxvels SeZlebisdagvarad sruli
STabeWdileba Seqmnoda `werilis~ arsze. rogor fiqrobT, miaRwies Tu ara mTargmne-
lebma mizans? zedmetad xom ar geCvenebaT romelime epizodi? gamoTqviT Tqveni mo-
sazrebebi Targmanis xarisxze.
2. TargmneT warmodgenili germanuli teqstis fragmenti da moawyveT Tqveni Targmanebis
sajaro kiTxva-ganxilva.
Franz Kafka
Brief an den Vater
Liebster Vater,
Du hast mich letzthin einmal gefragt, warum ich behaupte, ich hätte Furcht vor Dir. Ich wußte Dir, wie
gewöhnlich, nichts zu antworten, zum Teil eben aus der Furcht, die ich vor Dir habe, zum Teil deshalb, weil zur
Begründung dieser Furcht zu viele Einzelnheiten gehören, als daß ich sie im Reden halbwegs zusammenhalten
könnte. Und wenn ich hier versuche Dir schriftlich zu antworten, so wird es doch nur sehr unvollständig sein,
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
weil auch im Schreiben die Furcht und ihre Folgen mich Dir gegenüber behindern und weil überhaupt die Größe
des Stoffs über mein Gedächtnis und meinen Verstand weit hinausgeht.
Dir hat sich die Sache immer sehr einfach dargestellt, wenigstens soweit Du vor mir und, ohne Auswahl,
vor vielen andern davon gesprochen hast. Es schien Dir etwa so zu sein: Du hast Dein ganzes Leben lang schwer
gearbeitet, alles für Deine Kinder, vor allem für mich geopfert, ich habe infolgedessen “in Saus und Braus”
gelebt, habe vollständige Freiheit gehabt zu lernen, was ich wollte, habe keinen Anlaß zu Nahrungssorgen, also
zu Sorgen überhaupt gehabt; Du hast dafür keine Dankbarkeit verlangt, Du kennst “die Dankbarkeit der Kinder”,
aber doch wenigstens irgendein Entgegenkommen, Zeichen eines Mitgefühls; statt dessen habe ich mich seit
II Tavi
jeher vor Dir verkrochen, in mein Zimmer, zu Büchern, zu verrückten Freunden, zu überspannten Ideen; offen
gesprochen habe ich mit Dir niemals, in den Tempel bin ich nicht zu Dir gekommen, in Franzensbad habe ich
Dich nie besucht, auch sonst nie Familiensinn gehabt, um das Geschäft und Deine sonstigen Angelegenheiten
habe ich mich nicht gekümmert, die Fabrik habe ich Dir aufgehalst und Dich dann verlassen, Ottla habe ich in 93
ihrem Eigensinn unterstützt und während ich für Dich keinen Finger rühre (nicht einmal eine Teaterkarte bringe
ich Dir) tue ich für Fremde alles. Faßt Du Dein Urteil über mich zusammen, so ergibt sich, daß Du mir zwar
etwas geradezu Unanständiges oder Böses nicht vorwirfst (mit Ausnahme vielleicht meiner letzten Heiratsabsicht),
aber Kälte, Fremdheit, Undankbarkeit. Undzwar wirfst Du es mir so vor, als wäre es meine Schuld, als hätte ich
etwa mit einer Steuerdrehung das Ganze anders einrichten können, während Du nicht die geringste Schuld daran
hast, es wäre denn die, daß Du zu gut zu mir gewesen bist.
***
imisaTvis, rom SeZloT TqvenTvis ucxo da SedarebiT rTuli saqmis Sesruleba, gTavazobT
cnobili mTargmnelis, vaxuSti kotetiSvilis zogadi xasiaTis mokle Tezisebs Targmanis
specifikasTan dakavSirebiT:
Targmani aris nebismieri teqstis erTi enobrivi sistemidan meore enobriv sistemaSi
gadatanis cda.
Targmnis procesSi upirvelesi safexuri hermenevtikuli6 procesia, rac teqstis mar-

Tebul wvdomas, sworad wakiTxvasa da gaazrebas gulisxmobs.
iseve rogorc originaluri, mTargmnelobiTi Semoqmedebac sityvier xelovnebas war-

moadgens, erTic da meorec erTsa da imave mxatvrul arsenals iyenebs erTi da imave
miznis misaRwevad.
originaluri mwerloba Tavisufali SemoqmedebiTi procesia. Sen xar da TeTri qaRal-

di. rac mogesurveba, imas wer. rac Seexeba mTargnelobiT process: aq Sensa da TeTr
qaRalds Soris originalis teqstis dabrkolebebia gadasalaxi. pirveli da umTavresi
_ dedniseuli teqstis aRqma da misi siRrmeebis wvdomaa.
goniT aRsaqmels ase Tu ise eSveleba, magram im uxilav, uTqmel, nagulisxmev qveteqsts
ra unda mouxerxos mTargmnelma, romelic yovel nawarmoebSi igulisxmeba? man xom Tqmu-
lis garda, es uTqmelobac unda gadaitanos TargmanSi. es ki gacilebiT rTulia, vidre
sityvierad aJRerebuli azris gardaTqma sxva enaze.
yovelma mTargmnelma mxolod dedniseuli niRabi da aRkazmuloba ki ar unda moirgos,

aramed ecados, im avtorad iqces, visac Targmnis. misi roli unda Seasrulos... es ioli
saqme ar gaxlavT. miT umetes, rodesac xan horaciusis7 rolis Sesruleba giwevs, xan
isikava takubokusi8, xan pol valerisa9 da xanac marina cvetaevasi10.
mravalsaxovneba _ ai ra aris mTargmnelis aucilebeli Tviseba. imitaciis unari _ ara

kninobiTi, aramed amaRlebuli gagebiT. mimbaZveloba ki ara, im avtorad gadaqceva da
gardasaxva Sens enobriv samyaroSi.

`banaluri kiTxvebi~
mTargmnelis TviTgamoxatva imiT ganizomeba, Tu ramdenad SeZlo man sxvisi warmoCena

da ramdenad aqcia Tavisad sxvis mier Tqmuli. swored esaa mTargmnelobiTi xelovnebis
sirTule.
II Tavi
6
hermenevtika _ teqstis ganmartebis xelovneba da Teoria. warmoiSva elinizmis epoqaSi.
7
horaciusi (Zv. w. 65_8) _ romaeli poeti.
8
isikava takuboku (1885_1912) _ iaponeli poeti.
9
pol valeri (1871_1945) _ frangi poeti.
94 10
marina cvetaeva (1892_1941) _ rusi poeti.
avtoris Sesaxeb
`jibran xalil jibrani orenovani mweralia. libanSi, qristian arabTa

ojaxSi, dabadebulsa da aRzrdils 12 wlidan cxovreba mouwia amerikaSi,
sadac misi ojaxi gadasaxlda ukiduresi siRatakisgan Tavis dasaRwevad.
swavlobda bostonSi, Semdeg ramdenime wliT dabrunda samSobloSi da swavla
ganagrZo beiruTis umaRlesi tipis saswavlebelSi, `sibrZnis skolaSi~.
xalil jibrani bostonis emigrantul Jurnal-gazeTebSi arabul ena-
xalil ze aqveynebda statiebs, mistikuri da filosofiuri xasiaTis eseebs, iga-
jibrani vebs. Tavis ZiriTad mowodebad karga xans miiCnevda mxatvrobas. erTxans
1883_1931 swavlobda parizis xelovanTa skolaSi...
`...mivxvdi, rom am pirveli nawarmoebebi _ `cremli da Rimili~, `damsxvreuli frTebi~,
samyaroSi ucxo
var. adamiani ver `velis nimfebi~, `msvleloba~ _ arabulad dawera. Txzulebebs arabulidan
vnaxe, visac erTi saxeldaxelod zepirad uTargmnida Tavis megobarsa da mfarvel qals, rom-
sityva mainc eco- lis azrsac gansakuTrebiT afasebda. es iyo meri haskeli _ pedagogi, po-
dineboda Cemi su-
lis enaze~. eti, mecenati, saintereso da daxvewili pirovneba, romelsac didi wvli-
x. jibrani li miuZRvis xalil jibranis cxovrebaSi... merim arabulis Seswavla scada,
magram es mcdeloba imiT dagvirgvinda, rom xalil jibranma iwyo ing-
lisurad wera da 1918 wlidan igi werda mxolod inglisurad...
1912 wels igi dasaxlda niu-iorkSi da CaerTo iqaur kulturul cxovrebaSi. iqve garda-
icvala 1931 wels, 48 wlisa. misi anderZisamebr, gadaasvenes libanSi da dakrZales mSobliur
sofel bSarSi, monasterSi, romelic gadaakeTes mis muzeumad. aqve inaxeba misi naxatebis ume-
tesoba~.
manana gigineiSvili
jibran xalil jibrani
Svilebi
(fragmenti `winaswarmetyvelidan~1)
`qalma, romelsac Tavisi patara bavSvi mkerdze miekra, uTxra: gvelaparake Svilebze.
da man Tqva:
Tqveni bavSvebi Tqven ar gekuTvniT.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
isini arian vaJiSvilebi da qaliSvilebi cxovrebis sevdisa sakuTari Tavis gamo.

isini Tqveni saSualebiT modian, magram ara Tqvengan.
da Tumca TqvenTan erTad arian, Tqvens kuTvnilebas ar warmoadgenen.
SegiZliaT misceT maT Tqveni siyvaruli, magram ara azrebi.
radgan maT TavianTi fiqrebi aqvT.
SegiZliaT SeikedloT maTi sxeulebi, magram ara _ sulebi,
radgan maTi sulebi xvalindeli dRis mkvidrni arian, Tqven ki ocnebaSic ar SegiZliaT
momavlis monaxuleba.
II Tavi
SesaZloa, eswrafodeT, miemsgavsoT maT, magram nu ecdebiT, daimsgavsoT isini,
1
xalil jibranis inglisurad dawerili da 1923 wels gamocemuli pirveli wigni, romelmac mas msof-
lio aRiareba moutana.
95
radgan cxovreba ukan-ukan ar midis da guSindel dResTan ar yovndeba.
Tqven mSvildebi xarT, romlidanac Tqveni Svilebi, rogorc cocxali isrebi, win-win ga-
iWrnen.
msroleli xedavs mizans usasrulobis bilikze da is gRunavT Tqven Tavisi ZaliT, rom
misi isrebi swrafad da Sors gafrindnen.
iyos Tqveni moxriloba msrolelis xelSi mxolod sixarulis momtani,
rameTu, rogorc gafrenili isari, iseve uyvars mas mSvildi, romelic adgilze rCeba.~
inglisuridan Targmna nino doliZem
saubari
sxvaTa Soris, meore Tavis SesavalSi dasmul `banalur kiTxvebze~ pirovnuli pasuxebis
garda, aseve arsebobs sazogadoebrivi pasuxebic.
iseve rogorc pirovnuli, sazogadoebrivi pasuxebic gansxvavebulia erTmaneTisagan. da-
savluri da aRmosavluri sazogadoebebi am pasuxebiTac gamoirCevian erTmaneTisagan.
vfiqrobT, arabi mwerlis, jibran xalil jibranis, erTi mcire fragmenti (mxatvruli na-
warmoebis mniSvneloba, cxadia, moculobiT ar ganisazRvreba) misi cnobili qmnilebidan `wi-
naswarmetyveli~, sakmarisia imisaTvis, raTa TvalnaTliv dainaxoT, raoden gansxvavdeba misi
msoflgancda kafkas _ Tvisobrivad gansxvavebuli sazogadoebis warmomadgenlis _ msof-
lgancdisagan. unda gvaxsovdes, rom mwerlebi erTmaneTisgan mxolod pirovnuli TvisebebiT
ar gansxvavdebian. maT msoflgancdaze waruSlel kvals tovebs is sazogadoeba, romlis na-
wilsac TviTon warmoadgenen.
unda icodeT isic, rom iseT orenovan mwerlebTan erTad, rogorebic iyvnen rabindranaT
Tagori da emin reihani2, jibransac aRmosavlur da dasavlur kulturTa Soris `xidis gamde-
bad~ miiCneven.
davalebebi
analizi
1. gaarkvieT sad mdebareobs jibranis samSoblo libani da ra mdgomareobaSia dRes es qve-

yana.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
2. jibranis qmnileba Tavisi stiliTa da siRrmiT Zalian hgavs erT sayovelTaod cnobil
religiuri daniSnulebis wigns. Tqveni azriT, romel wigns vgulisxmobT? imsjeleT,
SemTxveviTia Tu ara es msgavseba. ratom? Tqveni azriT, ra ganapirobebs am msgavsebas.
3. imsjeleT, ra niSniT SeiZleba kafkasa da jibranis teqstebis erTmaneTTan dakavSireba.
4. gaaanalizeT, riTi gansxvavdeba jibranis azrovnebis manera kafkas azrovnebis maneri-
sagan.
II Tavi
2
rabindranaT Tagori (1861_1941) _ indoeli poeti, nobelis premiis laureati. emin reihani (1876_1940)
96 _ arabi (libaneli) mwerali.
5. rogor fiqrobT, SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom aRmosavleTSi didi xania mSoblebsa da
Svilebs Soris iseTi urTierTobaa damyarebuli, riskenac jibranis teqsti mogviwo-
debs? ratom?
6. vis mimarTavs winaswarmetyveli? mxolod im adamianebs, romlebic kiTxvebs usvamen, Tu
misi sityvebi mTel kacobriobas miemarTeba? ganmarteT, ratom fiqrobT ase?
interpretacia
mSoblebisa da Svilebis urTierTobis problemas jerjerobiT Svilebis poziciidan

aRiqvamT. magram, cxadia, gesmiT, rom Tavis droze Tqvenc mogiwevT mSoblebis rolSi
yofna. es yvelaferi SeZlebisdagvarad gaiTvaliswineT da CamoayalibeT Tqveni piradi
damokidebuleba xalil jibranis teqstis mimarT. Tqveni azriT, arsebobs sazogadoeba,
romelSic mSoblebsa da Svilebs Soris aseTi, an daaxloebiT aseTi urTierTobaa damya-
rebuli? an iqneb uadgiloa am SemTxvevaSi sazogadoebrivi masStabiT saubari da amgvari
urTierTobani kerZo SemTxvevebSi unda veZeboT? ras ityviT?
gamoiyeneT kafkasa da jibranis teqstebi. gaiTvaliswineT Tqveni piradi gamocdileba

da zogadad gaaanalizeT, rogori urTierToba arsebobs am TvalsazrisiT Cvens sazo-
gadoebaSi.
prezentacia
iseve, rogorc kafkas `werili~, jibranis aq warmodgenili teqstic Tqvenze odnav uf-
rosma adamianma Targmna. Tumca arsebobs jibranis manana gigineiSvilis profesiuli Targmanic.
warmogidgenT inglisur teqsts. nino doliZis mier Targmnili fragmenti SeadareT de-
dans da gansazRvreT, rogor TargmanTan gvaqvs saqme? amjeradac sasurvelia, Tqveni Targmanis
sajaro kiTxva moawyoT. daxmareba sTxoveT inglisuri enis maswavlebels.
Kahlil Gibran
The Prophet
Chapter 4: Children
And a woman who held a babe against her bosom said, `Speak to us of Children~.
And he said: Your children are not your children. They are the sons and daughters of Life’s longing for
itself. They come through you but not from you, And though they are with you yet they belong not to you.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
You may give them your love but not your thoughts, For they have their own thoughts. You may house their
bodies but not their souls, For their souls dwell in the house of to-morrow, which you cannot visit, not even in
your dreams. You may strive to be like them, but seek not to make them like you. For life goes not backward nor
tarries with yesterday. You are the bows from which your children as living arrows are sent forth.
The archer sees the mark upon the path of the infinite, and He bends you with His might that His arrows
may go swift and far. Let your bending in the Archer’s hand be for gladness; For even as He loves the arrow that
flies, so He loves also the bow that is stable.
II Tavi
97
§ IV
avtoris Sesaxeb
bel kaufmanis ojaxi ruseTis imperiaSi, kerZod, qalaq odesaSi cxov-

robda, magram TviTon 1911 wels berlinSi daibada, sadac mamamisi samedi-
cino ganaTlebis misaRebad iyo Casuli. 1917 wlis movlenebisa da mere ga-
CaRebuli samoqalaqo omis gamo, misi ojaxi odesidan amerikaSi gadasax-
lda. am dros bel kaufmani ukve 12 wlis iyo, magram inglisuri enis uco-
dinarobis gamo, pirvel klasSi dasves.
bel kaufmani wera adreve daiwyo. avtoria ori romanisa da mravali moTxrobisa.
Tanamedrove muSaobda maswavleblad. dRes ukve 96 wlisaa. cxovrobs amerikaSi.
amerikeli
mwerali
`Zalian meSinoda,
rom Cemi romanis
`kibis~, (romlis
Seqmnac finansur- bel kaufmani
ma siduxWirem, da
gamomcemlobis
redaqtorma mai-
werili Cems gansvenebul maswavlebels
Zula) gamoqveyne-
bis Semdeg samsa- albaT verc gamixsenebdiT, axla rom cocxali brZandebodeT. niu-jer-
xuridan gamaTavi-
suflebdnen, mag- sis StatSi gvaswavlidiT 512-e klass inglisur enasa da literaturas ni-
ram erT mSvenier uarkis siutsaidis saSualo skolaSi. me mesame rigSi bolo merxze vijeqi.
dRes gaviRviZe da Tqven maSin yvelaze maRali niSani damiwereT da kidev minusi, vinaidan
aRmovaCine, rom
lord baironi-
gakveTili ar momemzadebina _ saklaso weraze Tomas hardis2 erT-erTi ro-
viT1 cnobili gav- manis gmiri qali unda dagvexasiaTebina, Sin ki im romanis wakiTxva damviw-
mxdarvar~. yeboda. Tavzari dameca, magram mainc haiharad davjRabne raRac. aRvwere
bel kaufmani axalgazrda qali, oTaxi sadac is ijda, sadac maRali sarkmlebidan mzis
sxivi iribad iWreboda. qals muxlebze daewyo xelebi da fiqrebs miscemo-
da... me megona, Cavflavdebodi, sircxvils vWamdi, yvela imeds gagicruebdiT. Tqven ki minusi
damiwereT, saSinao davaleba raki ar movamzade, da yvelaze maRali niSani _ SemoqmedebiTi
damoukidebloba rom gamoviCine.
`hardis gmiri arada, Seni sakuTari ki Zalian cocxlad dagixatavs~, _ wiTeli melniT mige-
weraT gakrulad Cemi naSromis bolos.
gaocebulma da madlierebiT aRsavsem virwmune Cemi Tavi, Cemi unari da SesaZlebloba.
Tqven me mxarSi amomideqiT.
es ki Zalian mWirdeboda. me morcxvi, gaubedavi gogo viyavi, zedmetad mgrZnobiare, am-
qveyniurisa araferi mecxo. inglisuri axali naswavli mqonda da laparaki miWirda. xveuli
Tma grZlad meyara mxrebze, TumcaRa modaSi safeTqlebze miglesili kululebi da mokled
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
SekreWili Tma iyo, `foqstrots~ rom eZaxdnen, tuCebs ki bacad viRebavdi, maSin roca kupi-
donis mSvildiviT morkaluli alisferi bage unda mqonoda modis mixedviT.
oh, rogor vocnebobdi, maRalquslebiani fexsacmeli da nacrisfrad molivlive abreSu-
mis windebi mcmoda, rogor vnatrobdi amoqnili warbebi, nakeciani kaloSebi da makintoSi
mqonoda biWebis feradi inicialebiT an TviT biWebi myoloda! mas Semdeg, rac 12 wlisa ameri-
kaSi movxvdi, vidre saSualo skolis asaks mivaRwevdi, dawyebiT skolaSi Tumca ki bevrjer
gadamaxtunes klasidan klasSi, mainc yovelTvis yvelaze ufrosi me viyavi, romelsac yurad-
II Tavi
Rebas nakleb aqcevdnen, yvelaze bolos ekiTxebodnen. me arafers warmovadgendi, me nuli

viyav yvelasaTvis.
1
jorj gordon baironi (1788_1824) _ gamoCenili ingliseli romantikosi poeti.
98 2
Tomas hardi (1840_1928) _ ingliseli mwerali.
mister stok, Tqven albaT arc iciT, ra sikeTe damdeT. Cven, maswavleblebma, gana viciT,
visze vaxdenT gavlenas, ra gziT an ratom? Tqven Cemi Rirsebebi dainaxeT da ara nakli. Cems
cxovrebaSi pirvelad mivxvdi, rom Cemi warmosaxviT Seqmnili SeiZleba sxvamac irwmunos. pe-
dagogikis gamarjveba xom swored `pirveli~ aRmoCenaa, pirveli aRfrTovaneba _ èvrika~, `mes-
mis~, `vxedav~, axali planeta iqneba es Tu uecrad sityvad qceuli anbanis asoebi.
sxva maswavleblebi ase ar gveqceodnen. erTs Cveulebad hqonda tuCebi moekuma da usit-
yvod Caewera CvenTvis Sav, avis momaswavebel konduitSi3 erTiani, meores _ misi klasi Tqvens
Semdeg iyo derefanSi _ uyvarda daxvewili sarkazmiT, yvelas gasagonad gaerCia Cveni warsu-
li codvebi, xazgasmiT aReniSna, sul bolo oinma yovelives gadaaWarbao.
marTali gTxraT, pedagogebidan cotani max-
sovs. laTinuris maswavlebeli gvaiZulebda mer-
xebze xelebi dagvewyo da gaunZrevlad vmsxdari-
yaviT, ganze ar gagvexeda _ amas `wesrigis dacva~
erqva. istoriis maswavlebeli ki fanjris rafaze
Camojdeboda, fexebs iqnevda da viTomda Sinauru-
li laparakiT Cvens mosyidvas cdilobda.
Tqven ki mxolod erT ambavs iTvaliswinebdiT:
Tu gakveTili saintereso iyo, maSin gulisyuriT
mogismendiT. marTlac aramarto gulisyuriT gis-
mendiT, ufro metic, Cven gvwyuroda gakveTilis
gagrZeleba, radgan arasdros gamogparviaT is wu-
Ti, roca moulodnelad veragulad unda gekiTxaT
`ratom~, am kiTxviT Tavdayira dageyenebinaT Tav-
Si domxaliviT areuli Cveni winaswar Seqmnili Se-
xedulebani da zaris darekvis Semdegac kidev did-
xans gvefiqra amaze. Tqven arasdros gicdiaT Cveni
gulis mogeba, CvenTvis Tavis mowoneba, CvenTan daZmakaceba, Tqven maswavlebeli iyaviT, Tqven
pativiscemiT epyrobodiT Tqvens Tavs da amis wyalobiT Cvenc gvamaRlebdiT sakuTar TvalSi.
gonebis saceri gamokrefiT scris... ara, es gamoTqma ar mogewonebodaT. literaturulia,
sjobs ubralod Tqvao, _ ityodiT albaT. amitom mxolod mogiyvebiT, rogor gaCerdiT erT-
xel Cems merxTan da Cumad mkiTxeT: `ra gWirs? ar ici rogor dawero?~ me Tavi dagiqnieT da
umal daviwye wera. meored miTxariT _ damaxasiaTebeli xeli gqoniao. damaxasiaTebeli Tu Ta-
viseburi? aRar maxsovs. arca aqvs amas mniSvneloba. mTavari is aris, Tu ras niSnavda es CemTvis.
rakiRa dabal klasebs gadavaxti, sufTa wera palmeris xerxiT ar miswavlia da Cemi naweric
gansxvavebuli iyo Tanaklaselebisgan. Tqven ki damaxasiaTebeli uwodeT _ amas Cems dReSi ver
vifiqrebdi.
Tumca Tqven yvelas aiZulebdiT egrZno sakuTari Tavisebureba. erTxel Seqspiris sityve-
bi wagvikiTxeT: `vis ZaluZs metad gangadidos an meti giTxras, vidre am sityvebs: Seni msgavsi
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
mxolod Sena xar~. ase megona, me mgulisxmobdiT, albaT aseve igulisxma Tavisi Tavi 34 moswav-
lidan yvelam.
rodesac gakveTilebs didxans gaacdenda vinme, `Zalian gvakldio~ etyodiT xolme. Tu
romelimem gakveTili ar icoda, sayveduriT gaiqnevdiT Tavs: `samwuxaroa, Cven Seni azris mos-
mena gvindodao~. roca vinme daigvianebda, misdaTavad miiCnevdiT, rom sapatio mizeziT daig-
viana, da amitom aRar hkiTxavdiT rasme. Tqven yovelTvis tolebiviT gvepyrobodiT da Tqvens
gakveTilebze Cvenc didebad vgrZnobdiT Tavs.
II Tavi
`kazuistikas4 erideTo~, _ SegeZloT geTqvaT, raki gulisxmobdiT, rom an vicodiT es sit-

yva an yvelani daviwyebdiT aqa-iq merxebze dawyobil leqsikonebSi qeqvas. da Cvenc viqeqe-
3
konduiti _ Jurnali, romelSiac aRniSnaven moswavlis mier Cadenil yovelgvar danaSauls.
4
kazuistika _ raime yalbi an saeWvo debulebis mtkiceba sxvadasxva xrikebiT.
99
bodiT leqsikonebSi. imitom rom wesier adamianebad gvTvlidiT, vinc gakveTilebs ar gaac-
dens, keTilsindisierad Seasrulebs saSinao davalebebs, sakontrolos ar gadaiwers, swavla
swyuria da pasuxismgeblobiT moekideba Tavis moqalaqeobriv movaleobas. da Cven marTlac
aseTebi viyaviT mxolod TqvenTvis, imitom rom Tqven marTla gwamdaT Cveni, Tqven ufro adre
iyaviT gulwrfeli, vidre am sityvas eWvis TvaliT Sexedavdnen, Semwynarebeli _ vinem es sityva
kliSed iqceoda. bavSvs ver gamoapareb siyalbes, bavSvi iseve arCevs sworsa Tu mruds, rogorc
is, visac wrfeli siyvaruli SeuZlia. Cven TavSic ar mogvsvlia, TqvenTvis mdare an yalbi ram
Semogvetyuebina da mxolod axla vxvdebi, Turme ra bevrsa gvTxovdiT.
kargad arc maxsovs Tqveni garegnoba. mgoni dabali da msuqani iyaviT. samagierod, Tqveni
xarxari maxsovs. ara, arasdros gikadrebiaT viRac dagemcirebinaT, an gexumraT da wageoxun-
jaT mxolod imitom, rom Cven gagvecina. magram imwamsve amCnevdiT Seusabamosa da sasacilos
da maSinve gviziarebdiT xolme.
ar gvimalavdiT imasac, ra giyvardaT an gitacebdaT literaturidan. àba mismineT~ _ gvet-
yodiT da swrafad gadaSlidiT wigns. Tqven ar grcxvenodaT imis gamJRavneba, rom leqsi ga-
RelvebT, ar geSinodaT raimeze geTqvaT _ mSvenieriao. ufliswuli hari, falstafis gverdze
amayad rom miabijebs. moxuci liri5, mananebis mindorSi rom daborialebs, getsbi6, Caqufrul
wylis pirad musikas rom usmens _ am adgilebis gadakiTxvisas dResac Tqveni xma mesmis da
Tvalwin midgas carciT aWrelebuli dafa, sareklamo plakati, sadac Sveicariis alpebi exata,
mrgvali ciferblatiani saaTi da gancxadebebis dafa, sadac ewera _ poeziis klubi, dramatuli
wre, Wadrakis klubi...
es iyo dro, roca gakveTilebis Semdeg sxvadasxva wris mecadineoba imarTeboda (Cven amas
kulturis SeZenas veZaxdiT), roca Rvioda swavlis enTuziazmi, roca tardeboda sakolo dRe-
saswaulebi da yoveli wlis bolos albomi gamodioda anbanis mixedviT Cakrul skoladam-
TavrebulTa suraTebiT (aklda mxolod zangi gogona), xolo am lamazad Tmagadavarcxnil,
kmayofil ymawvilTa suraTebs qveS ewera _ kiTxva anviTarebs adamians, an momavlis gegma _
koleji da universitetiao.
im Soreul warsulSi maswavleblebi uCveulo, gansakuTrebul adamianebad gvexatebodnen
(metadre me, evropidan axalCamosuls). maxsovs, ra Tavzardacemuli viyavi, roca erT mSvenier
dilas davinaxe, algebris maswavlebels Tvali wasvloda windaze, rogorc Cveulebriv
mokvdavs. es is dro iyo, roca sruli siCume saxanZro mecadineobebzedac ki unda yofiliyo;
roca gakveTilebidan sapirfareSoSi gasvlisas xis saSvebs gvaZlevdnen, TokiT rom gvekida
kiserze da albatrosis fitulasaviT qanaobda. roca yovel paraskevs mTeli skola, or rigad
Camwkrivebuli, saerTo Sekrebis wmidaTawmida ceremonialze mivabijebdiT, raTa erTguleba
Segvefica droSisaTvis, romelic sapatio yarauls Semohqonda sayviris odnav areul xmaze. es
yarauli _ 1 biWi da 2 gogo _ saukeTesoTa ricxvidan iyvnen SerCeulni. biWs TeTri xalaTi ecva
da lurji yelsaxvevi ekeTa, gogoebs _ lurji qvedakabebi da TeTri kofTebi. yvelani smenaze
idgnen, es is dro iyo, roca aramarto srul siCumes, srul morCilebasac moiTxovdnen. dro,
roca yofaqcevaSi cudi niSani damnaSavesaTvis mexi iyo, roca kevis ReWva wesrigis did
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
darRvevad iTvleboda, maswavleblisaTvis naTqvami `ras axuWuWeb!~ _ warmoudgenel

siTavxeded.
es iyo Cveni gulubryvilo sispetakis dReebi da axla, roca TviTon mxvda wilad maswav-
lebloba, gasaocari sevdiT vixseneb im dReebs.
_ aba Tqven ras ityodiT? _ vekiTxebi xolme Cems mowafeebs Tqvenebur kiloze.
_ me ra vici, _ ambobs biWi da mxrebs iCeCavs, _ me xom maswavlebeli ara var.
_ Tqven vina gkiTxavT, Cveni gvarebi rom CawereT? _ ambobs meore.
_ Cven autaneli xalxi varT, _ yviris viRac gogo saerTo zrialSi, _ Cven veravin verafers
II Tavi
gvixerxebs.
5
ufliswuli hari, falstafi, moxuci liri _ uiliam Seqspiris piesebis personaJebi.
6
getsbi _ amerikeli mwerlis skot ficjeraldis (1896_1940) romanis `didi getsbis~ (Targmnilia
100 qarTulad) personaJi.
rodesac erT biWs SevTavaze, sityva mipove-meTqi Cems sityvarSi, yurebs ar daujera: _
Tqven ra, mexumrebiT? _ da uceb mivxvdi, rom mTeli am wlebis manZilze Turme kiTxvac ar
uswavlia.
Temis momzadebaSi mindoda davxmarebodi erT gogonas da vuTxari, gakveTilebis Semdeg
darCi-meTqi.
`ras brZanebT, _ momiWra man, _ Cems ubanSi dRe ar gava, vinme ar moklan an gaaupatiuron~.
erTi cicqna Savgvremani gogo zis bolo merxze. misi ena espanuria. inglisuri kargad ar
icis. gamaxsenda Cemi Tavi, misi xnisa rom viyavi, da mxarze frTxilad davade xeli. gabrazda Tu
SeeSinda? es kia, ukmexad moiSora Cemi xeli.
Zvirfaso mister skot! xSirad mifiqria, ra gunebaze dadgebodiT dRevandel saSualo
skolaSi, sadac moswavleebi maswavleblebis dauZinebel mtrebad qceulan da yoveldRe gveo-
mebian (umravlesoba gamZvinvarebuli Savkanianebi da imedgacruebuli, dabadebiTve beCao-
bisTvis ganwiruli puertorikoelebi arian): xSirad micdia warmovidgino, rogor Caatareb-
diT gakveTils niu-iorkis erT-erT yvelaze saSinel skolaSi, sadac maswavleblebi yvela-
ferze Tvals xuWaven, umweo administracia ki maT miTiTebebs miTiTebebze aZlevs kar-fan-
jrebis Caketvisa da safuleebis guldagul Senaxvis Taobaze, sadac SemosasvlelSi policia
morigeobs, kibeze marixuanas ewevian, darbazebSi beCavebs da uZlurebs fuls arTmeven,
sapirfareSoSi ki umowyalod scemen, sadac xSiria Zarcva-gleja, uazro msxvreva-lewva,
cecxlis wakideba da sxva uaresebic, sadac erTaderTi imedi Tanamedrove srulyofili Tav-
dacvis saSualebani gaxlavT: mZlavri diogadamcemebi, maswavleblebma rom Tan unda ataron,
eleqtromagnituri karis kliteebi, kalmistrisodena sagangaSo sayvirebi, TvalTvali Sida
televiziiT. Tumca Tqven, mgoni, arc is televizia iciT da arc is, `kaifi~ ras niSnavs? mister
stok, CvenTan axali sityvebis mTeli leqsikoni Seiqmna, romelTagan verc erTs ver naxavT
Tqvens saswavlo sityvarSi. `balaxiT~ gabruebuli mowafe sulac ar niSnavs qalaqgareT
eqskursiis monawiles, `Cai~ marto sasmeli rodia, ùSiSroeba~ policiis axlomaxlo yofnas
niSnavs, `konfrontacia~ _ Cxubs, `demonstracia~ _ areulobas da uwesrigobas.
verc gancxadebebis Zvel dafas icnobdiT, mister stok. gancxadebebi afrikuli warmoSo-
bis pirTa mecadineobaze, gancxadebebi espanurad, gancxadebebi narkomaniisagan gankurvnis
kursebis Taobaze.
Tqven gikvirT, ara? es bavSvebi usafuZvlod rodi arian ukmayofiloni. Tvalis dauxamxa-
meblad merxebze jdomis magier dRes isini xmamaRla gamoTqvamen TavianT aRSfoTebas.
`maswavleblebi metismetad aragulwrfelni arian, gvbrZanebloben~, weria maT saCivreb-
Si, TumcaRa gramatikuli SecdomebiT.
`Cveni saswavlo programa uazroa! aba vis raSi sWirdeba maTematikis swavla, roca kompi-
uteri arsebobs?~
`droSis misalmebis ceremoniali akrZales, radgan arc Tavisufleba gagvaCnia, arc samar-
Tali, maS saerTo Sekrebac akrZalon, Tu areulobisaTvis ver mouvliaT~.
`disciplina sul ufro da ufro uaresdeba~.
mister stok, yvelaferi Seicvala, samyaro sul sxva gaxda, dRes maRal wreebSi korufcia
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
mefobs, dRes mTvareze mifrinaven adamianebi, dedamiwaze ki siRatake sufevs da garemoc ga-
binZurebulia.
maswavleblebis avtoriteti Seirya, Cveni pedagogiuri xerxebi aRar Wris, Cven urTulesi
sakiTxebis winaSe vdgavarT, romlebic Cven ar Segviqmnia. da Tu derefanSi morigeobis, sapir-
fareSoSi wesrigis dacvis, areulobebis winaswar Tavidan acilebisa da 3 calad angariSebis
weris miuxedavad avad Tu kargad mainc vaswavliT raRacas, es didi gamarjvebaa.
ra vaswavloT? mister stok, Tqven ras aswavlidiT bavSvs, romelic gamogitydebaT: _ `Cems
II Tavi
saxlSi iseTi ambavia, aTesva momixdeba~. an ra momavlis gegmebi unda hqondes biWs, romelmac
dawera _ `Cems momavalze jobia saerTod ar vifiqro~. ra saSinao davalebebs miscemdiT gogos,
romelic xval deda unda gaxdes, biWs, romelsac bangis gareSe ver gauZlia? an rogor Sexvde-
bodnen dRevandeli moswavleebi Tqvens xmadabal, zrdil, gulwrfel saubars? iTaRliTebdnen
101
Tqvens zurgs ukan, abuCad agigdebdnen Tu danas gagiyridnen kibeze?
mister stok, nuTu gaqrnen, aRar arian Tqvennairi maswavleblebi? erTxel mowafeebs Sev-
Tavaze, dawereT winadadeba _ `me myavda maswavlebeli, romelic...~ _ da moigoneT, im maswavle-
belze kargi ra gaxsovT-meTqi.
iciT ra daweres maT?
àr iyo Sariani: Tu adamianurad momTxovda, ar vawbilebdi~.
`Tu swavla miWirda, ar magrZnobinebda, briyvi xaro. igi niSnebiT ki ar mafasebda, me mis-
Tvis pirovneba viyavi~.
`ki ar laybobda, gulwrfelad melaparakeboda~.
`CemsaviT Savi iyo da es gvaTanabrebda~.
`dawyebiT skolaSi maswavlida da erTxel qarbuqSi Tavisi asprocentiani qiSmiris Sarfi
maTxova~.
`dartymuli iyo da ufro Wkviani vegone, vidre viyavi, amitom mec Wkvianad unda meCina Tavi~.
es sityvebia, mister stok, Cemi pasuxi, da albaT yovelTvis vicodi, rom es asec iyo, rad-
gan dRemde vinaxav saweri magidis ujraSi CemTvis Zvirfas saSobao baraTs. baraTze cirkis
spiloa wiTeli JiletiT Caxatuli da zed aweria: `me mudam maxsovs~. qvemoT ki fanqriTaa mi-
werili: `mec, roca cixidan gamomiSves da klasSi davbrundi, Tqven arc ki gikiTxavT CemTvis,
ratom Cagsveso, mxolod es miTxariT: Semodi, geTayva, da rveuli momeciT. Zalian gTxovT ar
damiviwyoT, me arasodes, arasodes damaviwydebiT: Tqveni mowafe sei...~
mister stok, dRes albaT Tqvenc gagiZneldebodaT maswavlebloba, magram vici, ar SeSin-
debodiT, arc Tvalebs daxuWavdiT yvelaferze da arc laqlaqs moyvebodiT. yvela bavSvi Tqven-
Tvis dResac pirovneba iqneboda da rac unda momxdariyo, mainc rwmenas ar dakargavdiT, rom
Tqveni mowafeebi mTeli arsebiT Seecdebian gamoamJRavnon hardisa Tu sxvaTa gmirebis garda
TavianTi adamianuri Rirsebebic.
Tqvennairi maswavleblebi yovelTvis iqnebian, vidre arian bavSvebi, romlebic erT mSve-
nier dRes ityvian _ òdesRac me myavda maswavlebeli...~ da iqneb sadRac viRaca swored amas
ambobs axla romelime CvenTaganze. amaSia Cveni ukvdaveba.
Zvirfaso mister stok, imis dasamtkiceblad, ramdenad gansxvavebulia dRevandeli sko-
la, warsuli gavixsene, sinamdvileSi ki siyvaruli agixseniT. ras izam, xandaxan esec aucile-
belia, Tundac am werils gagzavna ar eweros. Tqven me arasodes, arasodes damaviwydebiT _
Tqveni bel kaufmani.
Targmna nana janeliZem
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. saTauridanve Cans, rom mweralma Tavisi teqstis formad werili airCia, cxadia, ara
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
imitom, rom igi mis gagzavnas apirebda _ maswavlebeli, romelsac werilSi mimarTavs
avtori, didi xnis win gardaicvala. Tqveni azriT, ratom airCia mweralma es forma?
gaamarTla Tu ara mwerlis arCevanma? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
2. bel kaufmani mogviTxrobs, ra saSinlad Seicvala yvelaferi skolaSi, rogor gaZnelda
maswavlebloba, rogor daiZaba da garTulda urTierTobani moswavleebsa da maswavleb-
lebs Soris, magram miuxedavad amisa, misi teqsti arc ugzoobis gancdas aRgviZravs da
arc Cixur situacias qmnis. Tan es ise xdeba, rom arc mxatvruli simarTlis gancda qreba.
daakvirdiT teqsts da gaarkvieT, rogor axerxebs amas mwerali.
II Tavi
3. bel kaufmani Tavisi cxovrebiseuli gzis ramdenime fragmentis analizs gvTavazobs.

bunebrivad ibadeba kiTxva: ramdenad SeiZleba mxatvruli vuwodoT mwerlis Txrobis
maneras? ra saxis kavSiri aqvs teqsts realobasTan, uSualod asaxavs Tu mxatvruli ga-
102 monagoniT xsnis mas?
teqstis analizi
1. ra TvisebebiT gamoarCevs `werilis~ avtori mister stoks, inglisuri enisa da litera-

turis maswavlebels, sxva maswavleblebisgan?
2. mister stoki moswavleebs aiZulebda sakuTari Tavisebureba egrZnoT. Tqveni azriT,
ratom aris es mniSvnelovani da ratom ar aviwydeba teqstis avtors Seqspiris sityve-
bi, romlebic mister stoks erTxel waukiTxavs bavSvebisTvis: `vis ZaluZs metad gan-
gadidos an meti giTxras, vidre am sityvebs: Seni msgavsi mxolod Sena xar~?
3. mwerali Tavis maswavlebelze ambobs, `mas ar rcxvenoda imis gamJRavneba, rom leqsi
aRelvebs, ar eSinoda raimeze eTqva _ mSvenieriao~. dRes ukve rcxveniaT da eSiniaT amis
aRiareba? ratom?
4. bel kaufmani wers: ìm Soreul warsulSi maswavleblebi uCveulo, gansakuTrebul ada-
mianebad gvexatebodnen (metadre me, evropidan axalCamosuls). maxsovs, ra Tavzarda-
cemuli viyavi, roca erT mSvenier dilas davinaxe, algebris maswavlebels Tvali was-
vloda windaze, rogorc Cveulebriv mokvdavs~. imsjeleT, gqoniaT maswavleblis an sxva
adamianis mimarT aseTi gancda, Tu dRes esec sasacilo anaqronizmad iqca?
5. bel kaufmani 20-iani wlebis amerikul skolas 60-70-iani wlebisas adarebs. CamowereT
TiToeuli skolis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebi da erTmaneTs SeadareT. ras askvnis Tavad
mwerali? Tqveni azriT, mister stoki axal pirobebSic warmatebiT SeZlebda maswav-
leblobas?
6. samuSao rveulSi amoiwereT is detalebi, romlebSic Cans, Tu ra Tvisebebi unda axasia-
Tebdes karg maswavlebels.
bel kaufmani amerikul skolaze mogviTxrobs. samuSao rveulSi CamowereT, ra msgavseba-

gansxvavebebs poulobT masa da Tanamedrove qarTul skolas Soris.
weriTi davaleba
dawereT ese, oRond amjerad bel kaufmaniviT Tqvenc daiwyeT winadadebiT _ `me myavda
maswavlebeli, romelic...~ da gaagrZeleT.
proeqti
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
daiwyeT muSaoba proeqtze: `Tanamedrove qarTuli skola~.

II Tavi
103
§ V
avtoris Sesaxeb
ormoc weliwadze metia, rac cnobil amerikel mwerals jerom devid

selinjers ar gamouqveynebia arc erTi striqoni. cxovrobs niu-hemfSiris
erT-erT patara qalaq korniSSi, mTaze ganmartoebul saxlSi, romelic
gare samyarosgan maRali, yru meseriTaa SemosazRvruli. SigniT ki ZaR-
lebis yefa ismis. saxlSi SeiZleba SexvideT gvirabiT, manqanidan gadmo-
usvlelad. saxlze arc mflobelis saxelisa da gvaris aRmniSvneli abra
jerom devid moCans da arc safosto yuTi, yvela korespondencia selinjers fostidan
selinjeri TviTonve miaqvs. imas ki, rac aucilebelia yoveldRiuri cxovrebisaTvis,
Tanamedrove iRebs saamanaTo firmis meSveobiT.
amerikeli 1951 wels gamoqveynda selinjeris romani `TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi~, ro-
mwerali
melic sul cota ocdasam enaze mainc aris Targmnili da romelmac mwerals
`xandaxan vnanob,
rom saerTod vaq-
msoflio aRiareba moutana. selinjers dawerili aqvs agreTve ocdarva
veynebdi Cems na- moTxroba da novela, bolo moTxrobebi daibeWda 1965 wels `niu-ior-
warmoebebs. erTa- kerSi~.
derTi rac msurs
ufrosklaselTa da kolejebis studentTa Taobebi Zveleburad Tvli-
isaa, rom vwero da
marto damtovon an, rom `TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi” maTi himnia, maTi eposia, kvlavindeburad
sakuTar TavTan~. ewafebian wignSi TavianT iumors da isev miaCniaT igi sakuTar manifestad...
j. selinjeri ai, ras ambobs erTi germaneli mwerlis axalgazrda personaJi: `...amis
damwers1 erTi Cemi selinjeri unda waekiTxa. ai, naRdi Tu gindaT, is aris,
xalxno! namdvilad girCevT, Tu xelSi CagivardaT, waikiTxoT. vinmes karadaSi Tu daunaxeT,
egreve eciT da xelidan ar gauSvaT. inaTxovreT da gadaRuneT, patrons uTxariT, damekarga-
Tqo. xuTi markis saqmea, metis xom ara... wigns Tu ar waikiTxavT, filmi mainc naxeT, Tumca,
marTali giTxraT, arc ki vici, aseTi filmi namdvilad arsebobs Tu ara. me TviTon am wignzec
ise damemarTa, rogorc robinzonze2, yvelafers cxadad vxedavdi, yovel epizods. ar vici,
gamogicdiaT Tu ara: ise xedav yvelafers, TiTqos filmSi genaxos, mere ki irkveva, rom aseTi
filmi saerTod ar arsebobs. Tu selinjeris filmi marTla ar arsebobs, romel reJisorsac
ginda vurCev gadaiRos, warmateba egreve zeda aqvs...~3.
jerom devid selinjeri
TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi

`banaluri kiTxvebi~
(fragmentebi)
niu-iorkSi Tu ar gicxovriaT, ar gecodinebaT, rom uikerbari sastumro `seton otel-

Sia~ moTavsebuli. uwin xSirad davdiodi, axla aRar. TandaTanobiT amovikveTe fexi. es iTvle-
ba erT-erT yvelaze ufro mdidrul, keTilmowyobil adgilad, da mTeli koxta-pruwa xalxic
iq gamoefineba xolme. aq yovelRame sam-samjer gamodiodnen frangi gogoebi _ Tina da Janini,
roials ukravdnen da mRerodnen. erTi ukravda sazizRrad; meore ki mReroda _ xan raRac
II Tavi
1
igulisxmeba germaneli mwerali iohan volfgang goeTe (1749_1832) da misi romani àxalgazrda
verteris vnebani~. Targmnilia qarTulad.
2
igulisxmeba ingliseli mwerlis daniel defos (1660_1731) romani `robinzon kruzo~. Targmnilia
qarTulad.
104 3
ulrix plencdorfi _ àxalgazrda v.-s axali vnebani~, germanulidan Targmna dali fanjikiZem.
binZur simRerebs, xanac franguls. is momRerali, Janini, mikrofonTan rom movidoda, manam
simReras daiwyebda, usaTuod rame unda waeCurCulebina. magaliTad ase: àxla ki Sen gvinda
mogasmenino `vule vu franse~. es aris sigera faTara gogona, romelis diid qalaqSi Samodis,
vTqvaT rogorc niu-iorqi da Seiqvarebs bruqlinel faTara vaJs. imedi gaqs, Tqven mogesonebi~.
morCeboda CurCuls da rames waiRiRinebda, uRimRamod, mosawyens _ naxevars inglisurad, na-
xevars frangulad, am koxta-pruwa xalxs ki sul gadarevda da gaagiJebda. Soridan rom Segexe-
daT da imaTi taSiscemisTvis geyurebinaT, RmerTs geficebiT, adamianis saxsenebeli SegZul-
debodaT. baris patronic kai binZuri vaJbatoni brZandeboda. pirwavardnili snobi4. Tu didi
miRebuli da gamoCinebuli vinme ar iyavi, zedac ar Semogxedavda. Tu didi gamoCinebuli da
miRebuli kaci iyavi, ise mogelaquceboda _ tuCebs yurebTan miitanda _ viTom, naxeT, ra kargi
biWi varo, da gkiTxavda: `rogoraa saqme, konetikutSi ra ambavia~; an arada: `florididan ra
ismis?~ saZageli baria. ar gexumrebiT. TandaTanobiT amovikveTe iqidan fexi.
jer kidev adre iyo, roca mivedi. daxls mivadeqi _ xalxi blomad ireoda _ da erTi-ori
Wiqa viski davlie. liuss aRar davelode. roca vukveTavdi, fexze wamovdeqi _ naxon, ramsimaR-
le var, uwlovani aravis vegono-meTqi. mere erT xans am kudabzika xalxs vaTvalierebdi. erTi
biWi ijda Cems mezoblad, gogo axlda. lamis SeWama is gogo. daiJina, ginda Tu ara, aristokra-
tuli xelebi gaqvso. momspo da momanela. baris iqiTa kuTxeSi mosiristiano xalxi Segrovebu-
liyo. TvalSi ki ar gecemodaT imaTi siristianoba _ arc CamogrZelebuli Tma hqoniaT da arc
araferi _ magram mainc Seatyobdi, rom siristianebi iyvnen. bolos liusic gamoCnda.
liusi, liusi! hoi, ra tipi iyo! hutonSi rom vswavlobdiT, Cems `mrCevel-studentad~
iTvleboda, da ras akeTebda _ sul seqsualur ambebze laybobda, roca gvian RamiT biWebi Seg-
rovdebodnen mis oTaxSi. amisTana rameebi xuTi TiTiviT icoda _ gansakuTrebiT gafuWebuli
xalxis asaval-dasavali. moyveboda xolme aTasnair gaTaxsirebuli vaJbatonebis ambavs _ vin
cxvars dasdevso, vin kide qudis sarCulad gogos trusebs ikerebso. aTasi siristianisa da
lesbianelis Tavgadasavals. rac amerikaSi gafuWebuli xalxia, sul zepirad icoda. vinmes ax-
senebdi _ vinc ar unda yofiliyo _ maSinve getyoda, gafuWebulia Tu ara. zogjer Zneli dasa-
jerebelic xdeboda. imisTana xalxze ityoda, gafuWebuliao _ kinomsaxiobebze da amisTanebze.
ramdenime colSvilianic daasaxela _ gafuWebuliao. ramdenjerac ar unda CahkiTxodi: `nuTu
jou blouc gafuWebulia? jou blou, kaco?! amisTana mosuli da Cafskvnili biWi, sul gangste-
rebsa da kovboebs TamaSobs!~ pasuxi erTi iyo: `maS arada!~ enis wverze ekera es sityva `maS arada!~
rac qveyanaze colSviliani xalxia, naxevari gafuWebuli iqneba, magram zogjer TviTonac ver
grZnoben amaso. midrekileba Tu gaqvs, erT RameSi SeiZleba Sen TviTonve magnairi gaxdeo. dagva-
feTebda xolme _ eleTmeleTi mogvdioda. sul imis SiSSi viyavi, uceb mec ar gavfuWde-meTqi.
magram sasacilo is iyo, zogjer TviTon liusic imnair kacad meCveneboda. sapirfareSoSi rom
Sevidoda, kars Rias daagdebda da iqidan gvelaparakeboda, maSin Sen kbils iwmenddi an rames
akeTebdi. gafuWebuli kacis meti vin izams amas. namdvili gafuWebuli iyo. gafuWebuli xalxi
bevri minaxavs skolebSi da sxvaganac, swored amisTana rameebs akeTebdnen, imitomac mepareboda
xolme eWvi liusze. Tumca Zalian Wkviani biWi ki iyo. rac marTalia, marTalia.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
TavisdReSi gamarjobas ar getyoda, roca Segxvdeboda. axlac, movida Tu ara, sul ori
wuTiT movedio, gamomicxada. gogos unda Sevxvdeo. mere mSrali martini daukveTa. zeTisxils
nu uzamo, barmeni gaafrTxila.
_ ho, marTla, erTi gafuWebuli kaci SegirCie, _ vuTxari me, _ eger, meore boloSi. jer nu
gaixedav. SenTvis SevarCie.
_ ra oxunji xar! _ mipasuxa, _ rac iyavi, igive kolfildi darCi. aRar unda gaizardo?!
etyoboda, magrad avaduRe. marTobda xolme misi gabrazeba. amisTana tipebi Zalian marToben.
II Tavi
_ Seni sasiyvarulo ambebi rogor midis? _ vkiTxe me. ver itanda. amisTana rames rom Se-
ekiTxebodi.
_ momeSvi erTi, _ miTxra man, _ Tu RmerTi gwams, SenTvis dajeqi da momeSvi.
4
snobi _ adamiani, romelsac daxvewili gemovnebis pretenzia aqvs da amiT Tavi moaqvs, qedmaRlobs.
105
_ aki vzivar! kolumbiaze ras
ityvi? mogwons?
_ momwons, aba ra! rom ar mom-
wondes, xom arc wavidodi! _ Tqva
man. zogjer mec saSinlad maRizia-
nebda xolme.
_ ra xeloba airCie? _ vkiTxe me,
_ gafuWebulobaSi ostatdebi? _
avurev-meTqi, gadavwyvite.
_ Sen ra, oxunjobaze deb Tavs?
_ ara, ise gexumrebi, _ vuTxari
me, _ moixede, lius. Wkviani biWi
xar. iqneb mirCio rame. saSinel dRe-
Si...
erTi magrad amoixvneSa.
_ geyofa, kolfild, Tu ginda,
rom wynarad visxdeT da tkbilad vilapa...
_ kargi, kargi, _ vuTxari me, _ damSviddi.
aSkarad etyoboda, rom seriozul saubars erideboda. Wkuis kolofebma sul ase ician!
TviTon Tu ar moegunebaT, mokvdebian da seriozulad ar gamogelaparakebian. raRa Cara iyo,
zogad rameebze davuwye laparaki.
_ ar gexumrebi, marTla rogor midis Seni sasiyvarulo saqmeebi? _ vkiTxe me, _ isev im
gogos dasdev, hutonSi rom gyavda? ai, saSineli is rom aqvs...
_ ah, ah, RmerTma damifaros!
_ mainc ra moxda? sad aris axla?
_ azrze ara var. albaT sul wavida xelidan da niu hemfSiris quCebSi dawanwalebs.
_ ra usindisobaa! sul erTad iyaviT, yvelafris nebas gaZlevda da axla amisTana laparaki
ra sakadrisia!
_ RmerTo Cemo! _ SesZaxa liusma, _ isev Seneburi daiwye?! ha, isev Seneburs apireb?
_ nu geSinia, _ vuTxari me, _ magram mainc usindisobaa. SegiTvisa, yvelafris nebas gaZlevda...
_ aRar gavaTavoT es saSineli notaciebi!
aRaraferi miTqvams. SemeSinda, ar adges da ar mimatovos-meTqi. aviRe da kidev davukveTe
viski. daTroba mominda.
_ axla visTan dadixar aba? _ vkiTxe me, _ Tu, ar ginda miTxra?
_ ar icnob Sen.
_ mainc vin aris? iqneb vicnobde.
_ erTi vilejeli gogoa. moqandake. raki ase Camacivdi.
_ oh! marTals ambob? ra xnisaa?
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
_ es ki, marTali giTxra, ar mikiTxavs.

_ mainc? daaxloebiT?
_ ase, ocdaaTs iqneba gadacilebuli.
_ ocdaaTso? ras ambob? mogwons mere? _ gavikvirve me, _ mogwons am xnis qalebi? _ imitom
Cavacivdi, rom amisTana saqmeebSi Zalian kargad erkveoda. iSviaTad Sevxvedrivar adamians,
rom masaviT yofiliyos garkveuli ameebSi.
_ momwifebul qalebs Tu gulisxmob, marTlac momwons. magas raRa bevri CiCini unda.
II Tavi
_ marTla? ratom mere? xumroba iqiT iyos da ufro vnebianebi arian?

_ moixede. ratom ar ginda gamigono. Seneburad Tu damiwye, icode, pasuxs ver eRirsebi.
rodis jandabaSi unda Cavarde WkuaSi?!
erT xans Cumad viyavi. davacade. liusma kidev daukveTa martini, oRond cota ufro mSra-
106
li iyoso.
_ moixede, mainc ramdeni xani iqneba, im gogosTan rom dadixar. im moqandakesTan? _ vkiTxe
me. marTla davinteresdi. _ hutonSi yofnis dros icnobdi?
_ ara. sul ramdenime Tvea, rac amerikaSi Camovida.
_ ras ambob, saidan?
_ Sanxaidan.
_ ras mihqarav! Cinelia?
_ aba ra gegona.
_ kargi erTi! mogwons mere? mogwons, Cineli romaa?
_ aba ra.
_ ratom? marTla mainteresebs. ar gexumrebi.
_ imitom rom aRmosavluri filosofia ufro makmayofilebs, dasavleTze ufro. raki ase
dainteresdi.
_ ra filosofia, ras ambob? seqsualuri filosofia? viTom, CineTisa jobia? ha?
_ CineTi ki arada, saerTod aRmosavleTs geubnebi. ramden xans unda viybedoT ase sule-
lurad?!
_ me marTla gekiTxebi. ar gexumrebi, viTom riTi sjobia aRmosavleTi?
_ magisi axsna ase advilad ar SeiZleba, _ Tqva liusma, _ saqme is aris, rom siyvaruli mTli-
anobaSi aqvT warmodgenili imaT. _ fizikur da sulier SerwymaSi! Sen Tu ggonia, rom movdgebi da...
_ mec ase vfiqrob! mec swored ase warmomidgenia _ rogora sTqvi? fizikuri da sulieri
Serwyma. namdvilad. oRond gaaCnia, vin jandaba giyvars. Tu iseTi vinme giyvars, rom arc suls
ekareba da...
_ nu Rrialeb, Tu RmerTi gwams, kolfild, wynarad Tu ar SegiZlia, sulac davexsnaT am...
_ kargi, oRond momismine, _ vuTxari me, cota ar iyos, avReldi da marTlac xmamaRla gamo-
mivida. roca avReldebi, zogjer ase vuwev xolme xmas. _ me risi Tqma minda: es ki mesmis, rom
fizikuric da sulieric da yvelaferi, magram yvelasTan xom ar SeiZleba. yvela gogosTan,
visac erTxel akoceb, xom ver moaxerxeb amas. ha, moaxerxeb?
_ modi, davexsnaT, _ miTxra luisma, _ ha, ar davexsnaT?
_ kargi, oRond jer momismine. Tundac is Cineli gogo aviRoT. mainc riTia kargi?
_ davexsnaT-meTqi.
marTlac metismetad Sevtope mis pirad ambebSi. gana ar mesmis. magram es cudi Cveuleba
sWirda liuss. hutonSi rom vswavlobdiT, modgeboda da dawvrilebiT gaambobinebda Sens yve-
laze ufro saidumlo pirad gancdebs, xolo misas rom hkiTxavdi, guli mosdioda. am Wkuis
kolofebs seriozuli saubari rodi uyvarT, sul maT Wkuaze unda iaro. TviTon rom gaCumdeba,
Senc unda gaCumde, dasaZineblad wava _ unda adge da Senc daiZino. hutonSi rom vswavlobdiT,
pirdapir ver itanda _ xeladve SeatyobdiT, rom ver itanda _ roca vinme adgeboda da imisi
sasiyvarulo ambebis mosmenis Semdeg, Tavis Wiasac gaaxarebda, sakuTari Tavgadasavlis moyolas
daapirebda. Tundac sxvis oTaxSi mogveyara Tavi, uimisod. Wiris dResaviT sZulda. Tavis ambavs
rom morCeboda, misi WkuiT, unda yvelani avmdgariyaviT da Cven-Cvens oTaxebSi gavZurwuliya-
viT. ratom, ar ikiTxavT? vinmes Cemze ufro Wkvianuri rame ar wamoscdeso. sasacilo kaci iyo.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
_ iqneb, CineTs wasvlac momiwios. yovlad biTuruli seqsualuri cxovreba maqvs, _ vTqvi me.
_ marTalia. jer gonebrivad ver momwifebulxar.
_ asea. marTali xar. gana ar vici, _ vuTxari me, _ ici, ra ubedureba mWirs? Tu gogo magrad
ar momwons, sul tyuilia _ rogorc wesi da rigia, ise ver aRvegznebi... ai, namdvili aRgznebiT,
unda magrad momwondes. Tu ar momwons, arc guli mimdis da arc araferi. hoi, biWo, Cemi
seqsualuri cxovreba damRupvelia. cxovrebas ara hgavs.
_ marTali xar, magram, bolos rom gnaxe, aki giTxari, ra unda gaakeTo-meTqi.
_ fsiqoanalitikoss5 unda gavesinjo, ara? _ maSin ase damariga. mamamisi iyo fsiqoanali-
II Tavi
tikosi.
_ es ukve Seni nebaa. me ratom unda Caverio Sens pirad saqmeebSi.
5
fsiqoanalitikosi _ zigmund froidis (1856_1939), avstrieli fsiqologisa da filosofosis mier
Seqmnili fsiqoanalizis _ fsiqologiis erT-erTi mimarTulebis _ specialisti.
107
erT xans aRaraferi mipasuxnia. vfiqrobdi.
_ vTqvaT, mamaSenTan mivedi da fsiqoanalizi gavakeTebine. _ vuTxari me, _ mere ras mizams?
ha, ra unda miqnas?
_ arafersac ar gizams. ise, laparaks dagiwyebs da Sen Sensas etyvi. fiqrebis dalagebasa da
CamoyalibebaSi dagexmareba.
_ raSio?
_ fiqrebis CamoyalibebaSi. Seni fiqrebi aqeT-iqiT garbian... leqcias xom ar wagikiTxav! Tu
marTla gainteresebs, daureke da Cagwers, miRebis dros daginiSnavs. ar ginda _ nu ginda! kacma
rom Tqvas, CemTvis sulerTi ar aris!
mxarze Camovade xeli. Zalian ki gamarTo.
_ megobrobac amas hqvia, Se nabiWvaro, _ vuTxari me, _ aba ra ggonia!
majis saaTs daxeda.
_ unda gaviqce, _ Tqva da wamodga, _ Zaan mesiamovna Seni naxva. _ barmens mouxmo da Tavisi
angariSi mosTxova.
_ daica, _ vuTxari me, _ SenTvis Tu gaukeTebia rodisme mamaSens fsiqoanalizi?
_ CemTvis? ratom mekiTxebi?
_ ise, Tu gaukeTebia-meTqi? ha?
_ rom giTxra, namdvili fsiqoanalizi ar gaukeTebia. ise ki damexmara, rom ufro kargad
Sevguebodi cxovrebas. safuZvliani analizi arc damWirvebia. ratom mekiTxebi?
_ ise, damainteresa.
_ aba, kargad iyavi. _ miTxra man. barmens fuli aCuqa da wasasvlelad gaemzada.
_ erTi kidev dalie, _ vuTxari me,_ rac iyos, iyos. raRac naRveli Semomawva. ar gexumrebi.
verao, miTxra. isedac davagvianeo. da wavida.
liusi, liusi! axirebuli kaci iyo, magram didi sityvis maragi hqonda. imisTana maragi
mTels hutonSi aravis hqonia, roca me iq viyavi. sagangebod Segvamowmes.
***
vijeqi da vsvamdi, vTvrebodi, Janinisa da Tinas gamosvlas velodebodi, magram isini ukve
wasuliyvnen iqidan. erTi Tmadaxveuli mosiristiano tipi miujda roials da axali momRerali
gamovida _ viRac valensia. arc es eqna RmerTs, magram Tinas da Janins ko sjobda, sxva rom ar
iyos ra, ufro karg rameebs mReroda. roiali zed daxlTan miedgaT, saca me vijeqi da valensia
iqve idga, Cems gverdiT. Tvali Cavukari, magram Tavi ise daiWira, viTom arc mxedavs. magrad
daviTveri, da sul gamovlenCdi, Torem Tvals ras Cavukravdi! simRera rom daamTavra, ise
xelad gaiZurwa, rom viskize mopatiJebac veRar movaswari. metrdotels davuZaxe isev. vuTxari,
valensias sTxove, erT Wiqa viskize damewvios-meTqi. Sempirda, vetyvio. magram gamigonia! rodis
momxdara, rom danabarebi vinmes gadaeces.
hoi, biWo, Ramis pirvel saaTamde vegde am oxer barSi. ise gavileSe, rom fexze ver vdgebo-
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
di. TvalebSi ver viyurebodi. oRond imas ki ar viviwyebdi, rom Cxubi da ayal-mayali ar SeiZ-
leboda. veridebodi, vinmem ar daminaxos, an ar mkiTxos, ramdeni wlisa xaro. magram, rad ginda,
TvalebSi ver viyurebodi. sul rom gavileSe da momeRo bolo, isev is suleluri fiqri amekviata
_ TiTqos nawlavebSi tyvia mqonodes gaWedili. vzivar martodmarto barSi da nawlavebSi tyvia
maqvs garWobili. xeli mucelze midevs, rom rogorme sisxli SevaCero. ar minda iataki moisva-
ros da vinmem gaigos Cemi daWris ambavi. vmalav, rom daviWeri. uceb isev mominda jeinTan da-
rekva, aba Tu dabrunda-meTqi. angariSi gavistumre, baridan gamovedi da telefonis jixurisken
II Tavi
gavemarTe. xeli isev mucelze midevs, rom sisxlma ar idinos. hoi, biWo, rogor daviTveri!
magram jixurSi rom Sevedi, jeinTan darekvis survilma gadamiara. albaT, Zalian mTvrali
rom viyavi, imitom. aviRe da sali heiss davureke.
erTi ocjer mainc gadavatriale albaT ciferblati, manam swored avkrefdi. hoi, biWo,
108
sul veRar viyurebodi TvalebSi.
_ helo! _ SevZaxe me, roca viRac gamomepasuxa im oxer telefonSi. ise viyavi galeSili, rom
saSinlad daviRriale.
_ vin aris? _ ikiTxa qalis gamyinavma xmam.
_ me var. holden kolfildi. salisTan malaparakeT, genacva.
_ salis sZinavs. bebia gelaparakebi. am SuaRamisas ra rekva agityda, holden? ici mainc, ra
droa?
_ vici. salis unda velaparako. Zalian saWiro saqmea. moiyvaneT.
_ salis sZinavs, ymawvilo. xval daureke. Rame mSvidobisa.
_ gaaRviZeT. ei, gaaRviZeT-meTqi. Cqara!
mere sxva xma gamomelaparaka.
_ me var, holden, _ sali iyo, _ ra mogelanda?
_ sali xar? Sena xar?
_ me var, ra gaRrialebs? mTvrali xom ara xar?
_ ho. moixede. moixede-meTqi. Soba-Rames moval, kargi? im oxer Sobis xes mogirTav. kargi?
kargi, sali?
_ kargi. sad galeSilxar? wadi, daiZine. sada xar, axla, vin gaxlavs?
_ sali, moval da Sobis xes mogarTvevineb. kargi? ha, kargi?
_ ho, ho. wadi da daiZine. sad xar, vin gaxlavs?
_ aravin. me var da Cemi Tavi. _ hoi, biWo, ra mTvrali viyavi! xeli isev mucelze medo. _
damWres!.. rokis bandam damWra. gaige? gaige, sali?
_ araferi ar mesmis. wadi, daiZine. mec unda daviZino. xval damireke.
_ ei, sali! ar ginda, Sobis xe mogarTvevino? ha, ar ginda? ha?
_ ho, ho. kargad iyavi. Sin wadi da daiZine.
yurmili damikida.
_ karqa iyavi. karqa iyavi, sali, Cemo gogona. Cemo sayvareli sali, _ vluRluRebdi me. xom
wamogidgeniaT, ra galeSili viqnebodi. mere mec davkide yurmili. uceb gavifiqre, albaT pa-
emanidan axali dabrunebuli iyo-meTqi. an lantebTan iqneboda an sxvagan, sadme, im koxtapruwa
endroverTan, TiTqos yvelani erT CaidanSi curaoben da damtkbar-daSaqruli sityvebiT mi-
marTaven erTmaneTs, gulisamrevad imanWebian da igrixebian. Tavbedi viwyevle, neta ras davu-
reke-meTqi, magram rom davTvrebi, Wkuas vkargav.
karga xans videqi im oxer jixurSi. telefonze mqonda xeli CaWidebuli, rom ar Cavkeci-
liyavi. marTali mogaxsenoT, maincdamainc kargad vera vgrZnobdi Tavs. bolos, rogorc iyo,
jixuridan gamovedi da mamakacebis sapirfareSosaken wavedi, kretiniviT Sevbarbacdi. Sevedi,
pirsabanSi civi wyali movuSvi da Sig Tavi Cavrge. gamSralebisaTvis viRas cxeloda. TavisiT
Camoiwritos es ZaRliSvili-meTqi, vifiqre. mere fanjarasTan mivbarbacdi da radiatorze
Camovjeqi. Tbili da sasiamovno iyo. erTianad vZigZigebdi da meama. saocaria: ramdeni ar dav-
mTvralvar, sul ZigZigi amitans xolme.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
saqme araferi mqonia, radiatorze vijeqi da iatakis TeTr patara filebs viTvlidi. sul
gaviwuwe. wyali wurwuriT edineboda Tavidan da kiserSi Camdioda. sayelo, yelsaxvevi, peran-
gi gasawuri gamixda. mTeli galoni6 wyali CameRvara. magram mTvrali viyavi da yvelaferi
fexebze mekida. cota xanic, da is tipi ar Semovida, valensias akompaniatori! ai, Tmadaxveuli,
mosiristiano vaJbatoni. Semovida da Tavisi oqrosferi Tmis varcxnas mohyva. manam ivarcxnida,
erTmaneTs gamovelaparakeT, Tumca didi xalisi ar gamouCenia.
_ hei, barSi rom Sebrundebi, valensias naxav? _ vkiTxe me.
II Tavi
_ sul advili SesaZlebelia. _ miTxra man. enamaxviloba ar damiwyo am nabiWvarma! damebeda,

yovel fexis nabijze am oxunj nabiWvrebs unda gadaveyaro.
6
galoni _ inglisSi da aSS-Si Txevadi da fxvieri sxeulebis sawyao sxvadasxva tevadobisa (3,5-dan 4,5
litramde).
109
_ moixede, Cemgan mokiTxva gadaeci. isic hkiTxe, metrdotelma Tu gadasca Cemi danabarebi.
kargi?
_ ratom Sin ar waxval, mak? ramdeni wlis iqnebi?
_ oTxmocdaeqvsisa. moixede, Cems mokiTxvas gadascem?
_ ratom Sin ar waxval, mak?
_ ar minda da imitom. hoi, ras ukrav roialze! _ vuTxari me. ise movelaquce, Torem marTa-
li Tu gindaT, saZaglad ukravda. _ radioSi unda gamoxvide. amisTana koxta biWi xar. Tanac ra
oqrosferi kululebi gaqvs! impresario ginda?
_ Sin wadi. mak. nu gajiutdebi, Sin wadi da daweqi.
_ Tuki Sina ara maqvs! ar gexumrebi, impresario ar ginda?
pasuxic ar gaucia. Sebrunda da gavida. Tmis varcxna erTis wuTiTac ar Seuwyvetia. ivar-
cxnida da xelebs ityapunebda. raRa eg da raRa stredleiteri. es koxta biWebi sul erTmaneTsa
hgvanan. Tmas daivarcxnian, gaisworeben da zurgs Segaqceven.
bolos, radiatoridan rom Camovedi da garderobisken gavemarTe, gzaSi tirili amovuSvi.
ar vici ra momivida, magram vtirodi ki. albaT imitom rom saSineli martooba vigrZeni da naRveli
Semomawva. Sevedi garderobSi da paltos nomeri veRar vnaxe. Tumca megarderobe qali Zalian
keTili gamodga, unomrod momca palto. da Cemi firfitac _ `pawawina Serli binzi~. es firfitac
Tan damqonda. dolariani gavuwode am sikeTisaTvis, magram arasdidebiT ar aiRo. Sin wadi da
daiZineo, mexveweboda. paemans davuniSnav-meTqi, davapire. muSaobas rom daamTavrebda. magram
ar qna. dedad gekuTvniTo. Cemi WaRara Tma vaCvene da ormocdaori wlisa var-meTqi, vuTxari _
xumrobiT, ra Tqma unda. Zalian keTili qali iyo. wiTeli sanadiro qudi vuCvene da moewona.
ZalaTi damaxura, radgan sul sveli mqonda Tma. didebuli qali iyo.
gareT rom gamovedi, erTbaSad gamovfxizldi, magram ise cioda, rom kbilebma sul kawkawi
daiwyes. verasdidebiT ver gavaCere. medison aveniumde fexiT viare da avtobuss davuwye lo-
dini, radgan fuli cotaRa damrCa da taqsebSi veRar gavflangavdi. arada Wiris dResaviT me-
zareboda im oxer avtobusSi asvla. Tan ar vicodi, saiT unda wavsuliyavi. avdeqi da parkamde
fexiT gavwie. vifiqre, barem patara tbasTan mival da vnaxav, ixvebi ras akeTeben, iqve arian Tu
gafrindnen-meTqi. ver iqna da ver gavige _ iqve rCebodnen Tu mifrinavdnen. parki Sors ar
yofila, arsad ar meCqareboda _ is ki arada, arc vicodi dasaZineblad sad unda wavsuliyavi _
mec avdeqi da parkisken gavwie, daRlilobas sulac ar vgrZnobdi. es iyo, rom guli saSinlad
mewureboda.
Sevdgi Tu ara parkSi fexi, saSineleba datrialda: fibis firfita damivarda da namsxvre-
vebad iqca. did konvertSi ido, magram mainc daimsxvra. ise damwyda guli, rom lamis avRrialdi.
magram Tavi Sevikave, konvertidan namsxvrevebi amoviRe da paltos jibeSi Caviwyve. riRas maqnisi
iyo, magram gadasayrelad ver gavimete. parkis siRrmeSi Sevedi. hoi, biWo, rogor bneloda.
rac davibade, sul niu-iorkSi vcxovrob da xuTi TiTiviT vici mTeli centraluri parki,
radgan pataraobisas gorgolaWebzedac iq davxriginebdi da velosipediT seirnobac iq miyvar-
da, magram is patara gubura, vera da ver vipovne. mainc ver mivageni. albaT, me rom warmomedgina,
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
imaze ufro galeSili viyavi. avaRire Tavi da mivdiodi da mivdiodi. sul ufro Camobnelda da
Camowkvaramda, sul ufro da ufro melandeboda raRac saSinelebebi. kaciSvils ar Sevxvedrivar.
bolos, rogorc iqna, mivageni. alag-alag gayinuliyo. ixvebi arsad Canda. sul Semovuare im oxer
tbas _ erTgan lamis Sig gavadine zRarTani _ magram erTi gaquculi ixvic ar SeminiSnavs. vifiqre,
Tu marTla aq arian, albaT napirTan axlos sZinavT, balaxis siaxloves arCeven-meTqi. maSin iyo,
kinaRam rom Cavvardi. magram ar aRmoCnda.
bolos baRis grZel skamze Camovjeqi. SevarCie, saca naklebi sibnele iyo. hoi, biWo, ra
II Tavi
sacodavad vZigZigebdi! xom qudi mexura, magram ukan Tmebi yinulis pawawina loluebiviT Ca-
momekida. davfeTdi. filtvebis anTeba gamiCndeba da movkvdebi-meTqi. warmovidgine, rogor
miacileben Cems kubos milionobiT TvalTmaqcebi. ager Cemi detroiteli papac, romelic sul
quCis saxelwodebebs isvris xolme, avtobusiT rom mivdivarT sadme. aqve arian mamidebi _ or-
110
mocdaaTi mamida mainc meyoleba _ da aTasi bedovlaTi naTesavi. hoi, ra Wedva iqneba! eli rom
mokvda, yvela moCindrikda, uklebliv. erTi bicola myavs _ mudam piri uyars _ Turme daiJina:
SexedeT, SexedeT, ra wynarad wevso. es d.b.-m miTxra Semdeg. me iq ar vyofilvar. isev saavadmyo-
foSi viweqi. xeli rom vitkine, saavadmyofoSi wamiyvanes. erTi sityviT, magrad davfeTdi,
filtvebis anTeba gamiCndeba da movkvdebi-meTqi. Tmebi sul loluebiviT Camomekida. deda da
mama Semecoda. gansakuTrebiT dedaCemi. jer elis sikvdilic ver mounelebia. vxedav, rogor
sacodavada dgas da ar icis, Cems tansacmelsa da sportul mowyobilobas ra mouxerxos. erTi
fiqri ki mamSvidebda cotaTi _ fibis arasdidebiT ar mouSvebda Cems dasaflavebaze, jer pata-
raa. es iyo erTaderTi nugeSi. mere warmovidgine, rogor SequCdebian yvelani da rogor Cam-
flaven samareSi, mere qvas damadeben, zed Cemi sa-
xeli iqneba amoWrili. irgvliv ki sul mkvdrebi
arian. hoi, biWo, mokvdebi Tu ara, maSinve wagaCiq-
Ciqeben da Cagflaven. me mainc imeds ar vkargav: vin-
me rogor ar gamoiCens imden Wkuas, rom, roca mov-
kvdebi mdinareSi gadamagdon, an sadme, saca unda
iyos. oRond im oxer samareSi ar Camflan. kvirao-
biT movlen da mucelze yvavilebs dagayrian, da
aTasnair amisTana sisuleles. mkvdars ra jandabad
unda Seni yvavilebi? arafrad.
karg amindSi dedaCemi da mamaCemi Zalian xSi-
rad midian xolme elis saflavze da gulze yvavi-
lebs awyoben. erTi orjer mec vaxldi, magram mere
aRar vindome. jer erTi, veraferi sasiamovnoa am
oxeri sasaflaos naxva. irgvliv sul mkvdrebi da
saflavis qvebia. roca mze anaTebs, kidev ho, magram
orjer _ zedized _ Cvens iq yofnaSi wvima dauSva.
saSineleba iyo. zed im oxer qvas awvimda, mis mucel-
ze amosul balaxs, da yvelafers irgvliv. sasafla-
oze mosuli xalxi maSinve daiZra da gamagiJa. yvelas
SeuZlia manqanaSi Cajdes, radio CarTos da sadme kargi restornisken gaswios sadilis misarT-
mevad... yvelas SeuZlia, elis garda. saSinelebaa. gana ar vici, rom sasaflaoze misi sxeulia mxo-
lod, suli ki zecaSia, da aTasnairi amisTana sisulele, magram mainc ver miTmenda guli. ar min-
doda, rom is iq yofiliyo. Tqven ar icnobdiT, rom gcnobodaT, maSin gamigebdiT. roca mzea,
kidev ho, magram ras gaigeb, mzes rodis moexuStureba amosvla.
uceb gadavwyvite, rogorme es filtvebis anTeba amomegdo Tavidan: fuli amoviRe da quCis
farnis mbJutav Suqze daTvla vcade. sami dolari, xuTi oc-oc centiani da oric aT-aTiani
SemomrCenoda. mTeli simdidre gamiflangavs, rac pensidan wamovedi. ra vqeni, ar ikiTxavT _
tbasTan mivedi da gauyinav wyalSi CavuSvi Cemi occentianebi da aTcentianebi. TviTonve ar
vici, ratom, magram ase ki vqeni. albaT, filtvebis anTebasa da sikvdilze fiqri gavayole.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
mainc verafers gavxdi.

axla is warmovidgine _ me rom filtvebis anTeba Semeyaros da movkvde, fibis ra mouva-meT-
qi. bavSvobaa aseTi fiqri, magram Tuki ver moviSore! albaT cudad gaxdeba, amnairi rame rom
damemarTos. Zalian kargad aris CemTan. ese igi, Zalian vuyvarvar. namdvilad. erTi sityviT,
verasdidebiT ver moviSore es fiqri, da bolos gadavwyvite, Tuki marTla sikvdili mewera,
barem Sin Sevparuliyavi da fibi menaxa. saxlis gasaRebi Tan mqonda da yvelaferi. fexakrefiT
Seviparebodi da gamovelaparakebodi. sadarbazo karebi mafiqrebda cotaTi. saSinlad Wrialebs.
II Tavi
ZvelisZveli saxlia, mnec erTi uqnara nabiWvaria da yvelafers WraWuni gaudis. imis SiSi mqonda,
dedam an mamam ar gaigonos-meTqi. magram gadavwyvite mainc mecada bedi.
parkidan gamovedi da Sinisken gavwie. mTeli gza fexiT gaviare. Sors ar vcxovrobdiT ma-
incdamainc, daRlilic ar vyofilvar da simTvralemac gamiara. oRond saSinlad cioda da ir-
111
gvliv kacis WaWaneba ar iyo.
***
ramdeni welia, beds CemTvis ase ar gauRimia: Sin rom mivedi, Cveni Zveli melifte piti
aRar damxvda. viRac axali mosuliyo, pirvelad vxedavdi Cems sicocxleSi. ase rom SesvlisTa-
nave Tu ar SevefeTebodi dedaCems an mamaCems, damSvidebulad SemeZlo menaxa fibi da mere ise
gavZurwuliyavi, rom kaciSvils aRar gaego. marTlac rom gamiRima bedma: es axali biWi cota
moSteroc Canda. dikstainebTan amiyvane-meTqi, daudevrad vuTxari. dikstainebi Cveni sarTu-
lis mezoblebi iyvnen. sanadiro qudi adreve movixade, rom vinmes saeWvod ar movCvenebodi.
ise Sevvardi liftSi, TiTqos Zalian meCqareboda.
biWma liftis karebi daketa da is iyo unda davZruliyaviT, rom uceb mobrunda da miTxra:
_ Sin rom ar arian dikstainebi! meToTxmete sarTulze avidnen stumrad.
_ ara uSavs, _ vuTxari me, _ davucdi. ZmiSvili var maTi.
gamolenCebuli Tvalebi daeWvebiT SemomaStera.
_ ar girCevnia, dabla daucado, Zmobilo?
_ marTlac ajobebda, _ vTqvi me, _ magram fexi mtexs da umoZraod unda medos. Sesasvlel-
Tan davjdebi savarZelSi da davicdi.
arc gaugonia, ra vTqvi. `hoo~, esRa momigdo da lifti dasZra. yoCaR, biWo, kargad gamomi-
vida. ucnauri kia _ kacs rame gaugebrad unda waududRuno da usaTuod imas gaakeTebs, rasac
Sena sTxov.
Cvens sarTuls rom mivadeqiT, liftidan gamovedi _ koWlobiT gamovedi _ da dikstaine-
bis karebisaken wavClaxundi. liftis karebis daketvis xma rom gavigone, xeladve Semovbrun-
di da Cveni binisaken gavemarTe. yvelaferi kargad iyo. simTvralesac ki aRara vgrZnobdi,
jibidan gasaRebi amoviRe da Cumad gavaRe Cveni karebi. mere frTxilad, Zalian frTxilad Se-
vipare da kari mivixure. hoi, ra didebuli jibgiri gamovidodi.
SesasvlelSi, raRa Tqma unda, saSinlad bneloda, da imasac ar unda Tqma, rom sinaTles ver
avanTebdi. xelis cecebiT unda mevlo, rom rames ar wamovdebodi da xmauri ar ametexa. magram
ukve vgrZnobdi, rom Sin viyavi. Cvens Sesasvlel oTaxSi mudam Taviseburi suni dgas, versad
ver igrZnobT aseT suns. ar vici ki, risgan unda iyos. kombostos suni namdvilad ar aris, arc
nelsacxeblisa _ ar vici, ra jandabaa, magram maSinve igrZnob, rom ukve Sina xar. paltos gaxda
davapire, mindoda SesasvlelSive damekida, karadaSi, magram am karadaSi imdeni sakidia, rom
kars gamoaReb Tu ara, jojoxeTiviT autydebaT tkacuni. amitom aRar gamixdia palto. pirdapir
fibis oTaxisken gavwie, oRond Zalian frTxilad, xelis cecebiT. vicodi, rom mosamsaxure
gogo verafers gaigonebda, yruanCala iyo. bavSvobaSi Turme Zmam Calis Rero ataka yurSi.
TviTonve miTxra. TiTqmis aRaraferi esmoda. magram, samagierod, Cemi mSoblebi unda genaxaT,
gansakuTrebiT dedaCemi _ mwevariviT cqvetda xolme yurs. amitom Zalian frTxilad Cavuare
imaTi oTaxis karebs. sunTqva Sevikari. mamaCems skami rom Caartya TavSi, mainc ver gaaRviZeb,
magram dedaCemi sul sxvaa _ cimbirSi rom daaxvelo, Sin gaigonebs. saSinlad nerviulia. RamiT
sanaxevrod ar sZinavs, zis da sigarets eweva.
bolos, rogorc iqna, mivaRwie fibis oTaxs, _ mTeli erTi saaTi ki movundi, magram fibi iq
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
ar aRmoCnda. sul gadamaviwyda, rom d. b.-s Sin ar yofnis dros _ roca holivudSia an sxvagan
sadme _ mis oTaxSi iZinebs. uyvars iq Zili, radgan yvelaze didi oTaxia mTels saxlSi. kidev
imitom uyvars, rom, d. b.-s iq usaSvelod didi magida aqvs, viRac filadelfieli loTi qalisa-
gan iyida. sawolic uSvelebeli udgas _ bare aTi mili sigrZe da aTi sigane! ar vici, sad iyida es
sawoli. erTi sityviT, roca d. b. Sin ar aris, fibi im oTaxSi iZinebs xolme da arc d. b. uSlis.
unda ganaxaT, rogor miujdeba am veeberTela magidas da gakveTilebs amzadebs. sawolis xela
is magidac iqneba. arc ki Cans, roca magidasTan zis. da es uyvars swored. Tavisi oTaxi ar moswons,
II Tavi
erTi cicqnaao. gaSlili sivrce miyvarso. Wkuidan SegSlis. neta rad unda amodena sivrce fibis?
arafrad.
erTi sityviT, d. b.-s oTaxSi gavedi _ frTxilad, raRa Tqma unda _ da magidis lampa avanTe.
fibis arc ki gauRviZia. avanTe sinaTle da erT xans ase uxmod vucqire Cems fibis. loya baliSze
112
daedo da eZina. piri cotaTi SeRebuli hqonda. saocaria _ didebi rom naxo ZilSi pirdafCenili,
sicocxles Segazarebs, bavSvebs ki egec uxdebaT. duJiTac rom daasvelon ZilSi baliSi, mainc
kargebi arian.
fexakrefiT miviar-moviare oTaxi, yvelafers davxede, erTbaSad gamomisworda guneba.
filtvebis anTebis SiSic gamiqra da yvelaferi. gavmxiaruldi kidec. fibis skami miedga sa-
wolTan da zed tansacmeli daewyo. ase patara gogo da amisTana faqizi! sxva bavSvebiviT ki ar
mihyri-mohyris Tavis nivTebs. Zalian faqizi gogoa. dedam erTxel wiTeli kostumi uyida ka-
nadaSi da im kostumis Jaketi axla skamis zurgze gadaefina, bluzi da sxva Casacmelebic zed
skamze elaga, windebi da fexsacmelebi ki iatakze daewyo, skamqveS. adre ar menaxa es fexsacme-
lebi. axlebi Canda. Cemebsa hgavda, muqi wablisferi iyo, da kanadaSi nayid kostums Zalian ux-
deboda. koxtad acmevs xolme dedaCemi. namdvilad. dedaCems rom gemovneba aqvs zog rameSi,
sul tyuilia! cigurebi da amisTanebi ra mogaxseno, magram tansacmlis SerCevaSi badali ara
hyavs. iseTi kaba acvia zogjer fibis _ Wkuas dakargav. aba sxva bavSvebi naxe, mdidari mSoblebica
hyavT da yvelaferi, magram ise saZaglad acmeven, rom sicocxle Segezareba. neta erTi ganaxaT,
kanadaSi nayid kostums rom Caicvams fibi. ar gexumrebiT.
d. b.-s magidas mivujeqi da gadavxede. sul fibis saskolo nivTebi elaga. umTavresad wigne-
bi. zemodan `saxaliso ariTmetika~ ido. gadavSale da davxede.
fibi ueTerfild kolfildi.
4 b-1
ewera pirvel gverdze.
Wkua kinaRam davkarge. misi meore saxeli ueTerfildi ki ar aris, Jozefina hqvia. magram ar
uyvars. rac Tavi maxsovs, sul axal da axal saxelebs igonebs.
ariTmetikis qveS geografiis wigni ido, geografiis qveS ki _ orTografiis saxelmZRva-
nelo. saerTod, Zalian kargad swavlobs, orTografia ki yvelaze ukeT icis. orTografiis
qveS bloknotebi ewyo. xuTi aTasi bloknoti mainc eqneba. ver naxav bavSvs, rom amdeni blokno-
ti hqondes. zemoTa bloknoti gadavSale da wavikiTxe. pirvelive gverdze ase ewera:
bernis dasvenebaze ar damekargo Zalian Zalian seriozuli raRac unda giTxra.
sxva araferi ar ewera pirvel gverdze. meoreze ki ai ra wavikiTxe:
ratom aris amdeni sakonservo qarxana samxreT-aRmosavleT alaskaSi?
imitom, rom iq bevri goji icis.
ratom ase kargad xarobs tye iq?
imitom, rom Sesaferi klimati uwyobs xels.
ra gaakeTa Cvenma mTavrobam alaskeli eskimosebis cxovrebis gasaumjobeseblad?
saxvaliod unda viswavlo!!!
fibi ueTerfild kolfildi
fibiu. kolfildi
q-ni fibi ueTerfild kolfildi.
iqneb rogorme Serlis gadasceT!!!
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
Serli, Sen ambob lomis Tanavarskvlavedi varo

magram sinamdvileSi mSvildosnis Tanavarskvlavedi
xar xval CemTan rom moxval cigurebic gamoiyole.
vijeqi d. b.-s magidasTan da vkiTxulobdi. mTeli bloknoti gadavikiTxe. didxans ar mov-
domebivar, magram kidec rom movdomebodi, mainc ar damezareboda. mTeli dRe da Rame SemiZ-
lia vikiTxo bavSvebis nawerebi _ sul erTia, fibi iqneba Tu sxva vinme. pirdapir Wkuidan mSlis
bavSvebis bloknotebi. mere sigareti amoviRe da gavabole. meti arc mqonda. sami kolofi mainc
II Tavi
davamTavre im dRes. bolos gavaRviZe fibi. aba mTeli Cemi sicocxle im magidasTan xom ar vij-
debodi! Tanac meSinoda, uceb dedaCemi an mamaCemi ar Semovides-meTqi, gamarjobis Tqma mainc
mindoda momeswro. erTi sityviT, gavaRviZe.
mis gaRviZebasac rom bevri rame unda! loginze unda Camoujde da uTxra: `fibi, gaiRviZe!~
113
maSinaTve daaWyets Tvalebs.
_ holden! _ Tvalis gaxelisTanave iyvira. kiserze momxvia xelebi. Zalian mosiyvarule
bavSvia. sakvirvelia, erTi cida balRi da aseTi mosiyvarule! zogjer metismetic mosdis. me
vakoce. rodis Camoxvedio, mkiTxa. zedve Seatyobdi, rom saSinlad gauxarda Cemi danaxva.
_ ra gaRrialebs! es wuTia, movedi. rogora xar?
_ didebulad. Cemi werili ar miiRe? xuT gverdze gavaWrele...
_ miviRe... ra gaRrialebs! madlobeli var.
werili ki miviRe, magram pasuxis dawera veRar movaxerxe. saskolo warmodgenis ambavsa
mwerda. TviTonac monawileobda Turme im warmodgenaSi. nurafer saqmes nu gaiCen paraskev
saRamos, modi da naxeo, mwerda.
_ kargi piesaa? _ vkiTxe me. _ rao, ra hqviao?
_ `saSobao warmodgena amerikelebisaTvis~. saZageli piesaa, magram me benediqt arnolds
vTamaSob. yvelaze didi roli mergo, _ miTxra man. xelad ar gamofxizlda! erTianad aenTeba
xolme, amisTana rameebs rom giambobs, _ moqmedeba roca iwyeba, me vkvdebi maSin. Sobis wina
Ramea, moCveneba gamomecxadeba da mkiTxavs, Senao, ara grcxveniao, da amisTana raRaceebs, xom
gaige? viTom samSoblos rom uRalateo, ara grcxveniao. ar moxval? _ loginSi wamojda, _ aki
mogwere yvelaferi. moxval?
_ moval, aba ras vizam. rogor ar moval!
_ mama ver wamova. kaliforniaSi unda gafrindes, _ Tqva man. hoi, biWo, ra xelad gamofxiz-
lda. ori wami arc ki unda mis gamofxizlebas. muxlebze wamoiCoqa loginSi da xelze xeli
momkida. _ moixede. aki dedam, oTxSabaTamde ar Camovao. oTxSabaTs unda Camovideso.
_ adre wamovedi. nu Rrialeb! nu gaaRviZe xalxi!
_ ra droa? dedam Tqva, gvian davbrundebiTo. noruolkSi arian dapatiJebulebi, koneti-
kutSi. aba Tu gamoicnob, dRes ra gavakeTe? ra kino vnaxe? gamoicani!
_ ar vici... daicade, ar giTxres, romel saaTze...
_ èqimi~, _ Semawyvetina fibim, _ ici ra kinoa! marto listerebis klubSi gadioda. mxolod
erTi dRiT. dRes gauSves da morCa. erTi kentukeli eqimia. aiRebs da patara bavSvs sabans Semo-
axvevs Tavze. es bavSvi xeibaria da siaruli ar SeuZlia. mere im eqims cixeSi Casvamen. didebuli
ramea.
_ erTi wuTi momismine. ar giTxres, romel saaTze...
_ eqims kide ecodeba da sabansac imitom Semoaxvevs Tavze. unda rom daaxrCos. samudamo ci-
xes miusjian am eqims, magram sabniT gaguduli bavSvi xSirad gamoecxadeba xolme ZilSi da mad-
lobas uxdis. erTi sityviT, gulmowyale mkvleli gamodis. magram TviTonve icis, rom misi ci-
xeSi Casma samarTliania, radgan RmerTis saqmeebSi Carevas aravin ekiTxeba. erTi Cemi klaseli
gogos dedam wagviyvana. alis holmbor-
gis dedam. Cemi yvelaze kargi megobaria.
mTels klasSi masaviT aravis ar SeuZlia...
_ erTi wamiT momismine, _ vuTxari me,
_ raRac unda gkiTxo. romel saaTze dav-
brundebiTo, ar uTqvamT?
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
_ saaTi ar uTqvamT, magram Zalian

gvian davbrundebiTo. mamam manqana waiy-
vana, rom matarebelze jaxiri aRar das-
WirdeT. manqanaSi radio gvaqvs, ici! mag-
ram deda ambobs, roca didi moZraobaa,
nu CavrTavTo.
cotaTi davmSviddi. aRar vRelavdi.
II Tavi
jandabas, vifiqre, momiswreben da mo-

miswron!
unda genaxaT Cemi fibi. lurji piJama
ecva da sayeloze wiTeli spiloebi hqon-
114 da moxatuli. Wkuas kargavda spiloebze.
_ maS, kargi suraTi naxe, ha? _ vkiTxe me.
_ didebuli. oRond alisi cotaTi gaciebuli iyo da dedamisma mosveneba aRar misca, xom
ar gaJrJolebso. zed Suagul kinos dros. ager gasagiJebeli ambebi xdeba ekranze, es ki gamos-
wevs Tavs da, xom ar gaJrJolebso. nervebi momiSala.
firfitis ambavi vuTxari.
_ firfita giyide, ici. magram gzaSi gamityda, _ paltos jibidan namtvrevebi amoviRe da
vaCvene. _ gadakrulSi viyavi.
_ natexebi momeci, _ miTxra man, _ vagroveb. _ xelidan gamomtaca da magidis ujraSi Caawyo.
gamagiJebs pirdapir!
_ d. b. ar Camodis saSobaod? _ vkiTxe me.
_ dedam Tqva, iqneb Camovides, iqneb arao. gaaCnia, rogor eqneba samsaxuris saqme. SeiZleba
holivudSi datovon da anapolisze scenari daawerinon.
_ anapolisi saidan moigone!
_ imitom, rom Sig siyvarulic aris da yvelaferic. aba Tu gamoicnob, vin unda iTamaSos?
romelma kinovarskvlavma? aba, gamoicani!
_ sulac ar mainteresebs. anapolisi! RmerTo Cemo, ra d. b.-s saqmea anapolisi, ra gaegeba!
sad misi moTxrobebi da sad anapolisi! _ vTqvi me. hoi biWo, amisTana ambebi gamagiJebs pirda-
pir. es oxeri holivudi! _ xelze ra mogivida? _ vkiTxe me. idayvze karga mozrdili salbuni
SevniSne. usaxelebo piJama ecva da imitom SevniSne.
_ baRis kibeze Camovdiodi da Cemma klaselma biWma mkra xeli, kortis vaintraubia erTi, _
miTxra fibim, _ ginda gaCveno? _ da im oxeri salbunis moZraoba daapira.
_ nu, ar ginda! rada gkra xeli?
_ ra vici. mgoni, unda vZulde, _ Tqva fibim, _ erTi gogoa Cvens klasSi, selma eterbori, me
da im gogom sul melniT movusvareT svitri.
_ rogor SeiZleba! patara balRi xom ara xar?!
_ ara, magram baRSi rom gavalT, saca ar unda wavide, usaTuod unda gamomyves. sul kudSi
damdevs. nervebs miSlis.
_ iqneb moswonxar. amisTvis melanSi amosvra rogor iqneba...
_ sulac ar minda misi mowoneba, _ Tqva fibim. daeWvebiT Semomxeda, _ holden, _ miTxra man,
_ aki oTxSabaTamde ar unda Camosuliyavi?!
_ rao?
gafacicebuli unda iyo, fibis rom elaparakebi. iseTi maxvili Wkua aqvs, rom gagiJdebi!
_ aki oTxSabaTamde ar unda Camosuliyavi! xom ar gamogapanRures? ha?
_ xom giTxari, adre gamogviSves-meTqi. mTeli klasi dagviTxoves da...
_ ara, gamogapanRures! namdvilad! _ Tqva fibim. mere fexze muSti damkra. Tu moexuStura,
icocxle Cxubi uyvars, _ namdvilad gamogapanRures! o, holden! _ xeli pirze miifara. saSine-
li aRelveba icis, RmerTmani.
_ vin giTxra, gamomapanRureso? rodis giTxari...
_ gamogapanRures! gamogapanRures! _ Tqva man da isev damkra muSti. Tu fiqrobT, ar stke-
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
niao, Zalianac SemcdarxarT. _ mamas ver gadaurCebi! _ miTxra man, mere pirqve daemxo da is
oxeri baliSi Tavze waifara. sul ase ar icis! namdvil giJs daemsgavseba xolme.
_ kargi erTi! _ vuTxari me, _ rogor Tu ver gadavurCebi. ratom ver unda gadavurCe. ra
damiSavebia... geyofa, fibi, gadaagde es oxeri baliSi. ratom ver unda gadavurCe?!
mainc ar moiSora baliSi. guliT Tu ar unda, mokvdeba da ar gaakeTebs. daiJina, mamas ver
gadaurCebio. ise dudRunebda baliSqveS, rom naxevars ver gaigebdi.
_ rogor Tu ver gadavurCebi! neta ras ambob! jer erTi, Sin darCenas arc vapireb. viSovi
samuSaos sadme ranCoSi da viqnebi CemTvis. erT biWs vicnob, babuamiss uSvelebeli ranCo aqvs
II Tavi
koloradoSi. waval da iq movewyobi, _ vuTxari me, _ werilebs mudam mogwer, Tu wavedi. geyofa
axla, gadaagde es oxeri baliSi. he, fibi. kargi, geyofa. Tu RmerTi gwams, moiSore eg baliSi.
Tqven ar momikvdeT. isev baliSSi aqvs Tavi Serguli. ZalaTi movglej-meTqi, vifiqre, mag-
ram ras gaxdebi! Sen daiRlebi da imas verafers daakleb. iseTi Ronieria! TviTonve Tu ar aiRo,
115
verasdidebiT ver aaglej baliSs.
_ geyofa, fibi, gamodi, genacvale, _ veRiWinebi me, _ aba he... ueTerfild. gamodi-meTqi.
ara da ara. zogjer ise gajiqdeba, verafers ver Seasmen. bolos avdeqi da sastumro oTaxSi
gavedi. magidaze sigaretis yuTi iyo. ramdenime sigareti amoviRe da jibeSi Caviwye. gabruebu-
li viyavi.
***
roca Sevbrundi, baliSi ukve gadaegdo _ vicodi, ase izamda _ magram me mainc ar miyurebda,
miuxedavad imisa, rom ukve gulaRma iwva. mivedi da isev Camovujeqi loginze. gabusxuli saxe
gverdze miRrica. boikoti gamomicxada. raRa es da raRa penseli mofarikave biWebi, isinic ase
gamebutnen, is oxeri maxvilebi rom damrCa metroSi.
_ Seni hazel ueTerfildi rasa iqs? _ vekiTxebi, _ meti araferi dagiweria magaze? Sen rom
gamomigzavne, is erTi moTxroba CemodanSi maqvs, sadgurze davtove. Zalian momewona.
_ mamas ver gadaurCebi.
hoi, biWo, Tu rame aiCema, raRas SeaCereb!
_ arafersac ar mizams. didi, didi Zveleburad gamjoros, da mere samxedro saswavlebelSi
gamamwesebs. meti ra unda miqnas? magram jer erTi, me aq aRar davrCebi. unda wavide. koloradoSi
waval albaT, im ranCoSi.
_ ratom macineb! cxenze jdomac ki ar ici.
_ vin ar icis? ras ambob. magasac rom bevri rame unda! or wuTSi gaswavlian, _ vuTxari me, _
xels nu axleb! _ salbuns iZrobda. _ Tma vis SeakreWine? _ axlaRa SevniSne _ viRacas biTuru-
lad SeekriWa Tma. sul daemoklebina.
_ ra Seni saqmea! _ mtrisas, ise SemogiRrens zogjer. Tavbeds gawyevlinebs. _ albaT, axlac
yvela saganSi Caflavdi, _ rom aRar moeSva am Rrenas! pirdapir sasaciloa, maswavlebeliviT
rom daiqoqeba es TiTistola Rlapi!
_ ara, yvelaferSi ar CavWrilvar, _ vuTxari me, _ inglisuri Cavabare. _ uceb aviRe da
takunebze vuCqmite. gverdze gadmobrunebula da takunebi gareT gamoubzekia. Tumca, raRa
gamobzeka _ xeirianad arc etyoboda, mifsxrikuli hqonda. arc ki stkenia, ise vuCqmite. mainc
momiqnia xeli, xelze undoda CemTvis daekra, magram amacila.
uceb meubneba.
_ oh, ratom Svrebi amas? ratom Svrebi? _ viTom, isev ratom gamogricxeso. magram ise miT-
xra, rom guli Camwyvita.
_ Sen mainc nu mkiTxav, fibi, Tu RmerTi gwams. guli gamiwyalda amdeni SekiTxviT. ratom da
imitom, rom milioni mizezia. amisTana saZagel skolaSi jerac ar movxvedrilvar. saiTac ar
gaixedav _ cariela TvalTmaqcoba! sul aramzadebiTaa gamotenili. Cems dReSi ar minaxavs am-
deni aramzada. vTqvaT, vinmes oTaxSi sxedxarT da ybedobT, da uceb viRacam karze daakakuna _
Semosvla unda. arafrisdidebiT ar SemouSveben, Tu cota moStero da zRmurdliani vinme aR-
moCnda. gadauketaven karebs da morCa. mere raRac oxeri saidumlo sazogadoeba moigones _
vaJkacoba ar meyo, rom uari meTqva da ar Sevsuliyavi. erTi gulisgamawvrilebeli, zRmur-
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
dliani biWia, robert ekli, imanac moindoma Sesvla. Zaan guliT undoda, magram ar miiRes.
imitom rom gulisgamawvrilebeli da zRmurdliani iyo, gaxsenebac ki aRar msiamovnebs. aqo-
Tebuli skolaa. damerwmune.
fibis xma ar gauRia, magram mismenda ki. kefaze vatyobdi, rom mismenda. mudam gulisyuriT
gismens xolme, roca elaparakebi. da saocari isaa, rom yvelafers gaigebs, rac ar unda uTxra.
namdvilad.
me isev pensis ambebs vuyvebodi. ase momexasiaTa ratomRac.
_ orad ori xeiriani maswavlebelia mTels skolaSi da isinic TvalTmaqcebi arian, _ vuTxa-
II Tavi
ri me, _ erTi berikaci gvaswavlis, mister spenseri. roca ar unda estumro, coli yovelTvis
cxel Sokolads mogimzadebs da yvelaferi. namdvilad kargi xalxia. magram unda naxo, ra emar-
Teba, roca direqtori Tarmeri Semova istoriis gakveTilze da ukan Camojdeba. ase icis xolme
_ Semova da mTeli naxevari saaTi zis, sul ukan. viTom inkognitod dadis, raRa. zis ase erT xans
116
baiyuSiviT da uceb wamoiwyebs _ xan ras isvris da xan ras, waramara awyvetinebs moxuc spensers
Tavisi ukbilo xumrobebiT. sawyalma spenserma ki ra qnas aRar icis, kvdeba kaci _ qirqilebs,
ikriWeba, igrixeba; viTom didi princi myavdes es oxeri Tarmeri.
_ nu ilanZRebi.
_ rom genaxa, guli agereoda, RmerTmani, _ vuTxari me, _ axla veteranebis dRea! aseTi dRe
aqvT dawesebuli, veteranebis dRes eZaxian. 1776 wlidan moyolebuli, visac ki daumTavrebia
pensis skola, yvela damTxveuli iq iyris Tavs, TavianTi colebiT, SvilebiT da ra vici. mTeli
dRe aq dalayunoben. erTi berikaci unda naxo, oTxmocdaaTi wlisa iqneba, movida da karebze
daakakuna _ saabazanoSi Tu SeiZleba Sevideo. neta Cven ras gvekiTxeba, saabazano egeraa, de-
refnis boloSi. magram ra mindao, aRar ikiTxav? unda vnaxo, fexsadgilis kars Cemi inicialebi
Tu aCniao. Turme oTxmocdaaTi wlis win Tavisi oxeri, ubeduri da ubadruki inicialebi amo-
uWria fexsadgilis karze, da axla amowmebs, kidev Tu aCniao. raRas vizamdiT, avdeqiT da gavye-
viT me da Cemi amxanagi. manam yvela fexsadgilis kari ar Seamowma, iqve videqiT da velodiT.
eZebs Tavis oxer inicialebs da Tan enas erTi wuTiTac ar aCerebs. pensiSi rom vswavlobdi, Cemi
cxovrebis yvelaze bednieri dReebi is iyoo, da aTasnair darigebas gvaZlevs, cxovrebaSi ro-
gor unda moiqceTo. hoi, biWo, rogor gagviwvrila guli! cudi kaci ki ar iyo _ sulac ara.
magram marto cudma xalxma rodi icis gulis gawvrileba, kargsac SeuZlia. gana bevri rame
unda: Seni inicialebi unda eZebo fexsadgilis karebze da Tan suleluri darigebebi aZlio
xalxs. morCa. gulis gawvrilebas meti araferi unda. ra vici, iqneb ise cudad arc emoqmeda
Cemze, rom Tan sulis xuTva ara hqonoda im kacs. suls veRar iTqvamda, kibeze rom amovida.
eZebs Tavis inicialebs da sacodavad qloSinebs, nestoebi ebereba. Tan gecineba da Tan gecodeba.
darigebebsac rom ar iviwyebs: me da stredleiters gveCiCineba _ ase da aseo, rac SeiZleba
bevri rame unda miiRoT pensidano. o, rom icode fibi! yvelaferi rogor giTxra. araferi ar
momwonda im pensiSi. yvelaferi rogor unda giTxra.
fibim raRac Tqva, magram ver gavigone. ise Caergo Tavi baliSSi, rom verafers ver gaigo-
nebdi.
_ rao? _ vkiTxe me, _ Tavi aswie, baliSSi rom Cagirgavs. raRas gavigoneb!
_ Sen xom araferi mogwons!
es rom miTxra, kidev ufro momewura guli.
_ vin giTxra?! ratomac ar momwons. rogor Tu ar momwons! saidan moigone?! ase ratom
melaparakebi?!
_ imitom rom araferi mogwons. erTi skolac ar aRmoCnda Seni mosawoni. ramdeni rame ar
mogwons. araferi ar mogwons.
_ araferic! momwons. cdebi Sen, diax, cdebi! ase ratom melaparakebi? _ hoi, biWo, rogor
momewura guli!
_ imitom rom ar mogwons, _ miTxra man, _ aba erTi rame damisaxele, ra mogwons.
_ dagisaxelo? dagisaxelo, ra momwons? Zalian kargi.
magram, Cemda saubedurod, uceb veRaraferi momagonda. icis xolme ase.
_ yvelaze ufro ra momwons? _ CavekiTxe fibis.
magram pasuxi ar gaucia. iwva zurgSeqceuli, mokuntuli, sadRac iqiT _ sawolis kuTxeSi,
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
aTasi miliT Cemgan daSorebuli.

_ moixede, xma gameci, _ vuTxari me, _ Zalian ra miyvars, is giTxra, Tu rac ubralod mom-
wons?
_ Zalian ra giyvars.
_ getyvi, _ vTqvi, magram veraferi movigone. is monazvnebiRa gamaxsenda, qecian Wilis
CanTebSi fuls rom agrovebdnen. gansakuTrebiT erTi maTgani, rkinis CarCoiani saTvale rom
ekeTa. da kidev erTi biWi, romelic elqton-hilSi iyo CemTan erTad. jeims kasli erqva im biWs.
elqton-hilSi erTad vswavlobdiT. iqve erTi usaSvelod gabRenZili biWi gvyavda _ fil ste-
II Tavi
ibli. jeims kaslma raRac Tqva im biWze da mere arasdidebiT ukan ar waiRo Tavisi sityva. didi
gabRenZili vinmeao, jeims kaslma Tqva, da steiblis erT-erTma aramzada amxanagma, ar daayovna,
maSinve miutana ena. steiblma xeladve mouyara Tavi masaviT binZur eqvs nabiWvars, oTaxSi Se-
eWrnen jeims kasls, kari gadarazes da Tavze daadgnen _ sityva ukanve waiReo, magram arafris- 117
didebiT ar waiRo jeimsma. maSin misdgnen. ar getyviT, ra uqnes _ gaxsenebac ki guls mirevs _
magram jeims kaslma arasdidebiT ukan ar waiRo Tavisi naTqvami: erTi unda SegexedaT _ gawli-
kuli biWi iyo, susti, susti, fanqris simsxo majebi hqonda. magram sityva mainc ar waiRo. bolos
adga da fanjridan gadaxta. me saabazanoSi viyavi, Sxapis qveS, magram mainc gavigone, rogor
moadina miwaze bragvani. uceb vifiqre, skami an radio, an amisTana raRac gadaadges ezoSi-meTqi;
biWi Tu gadaxteboda, ras warmovidgendi. mere gavigone, rogor gamojligindnen derefanSi
da kibeze daeSvnen. xelad wamovisxi Cemi abanos xalaTi da mec gaviqeci. vxedav _ qvis safexurebze
ara gdia es Cveni jeims kasli! ukve mkvdari iyo, irgvliv sul sisxli da Camsxvreuli kbilebi.
veravin ver bedavda miaxloebas. erTi sviteri vaTxove, is sviteri ecva. im biWebisTvis, oTaxSi
rom Seucvivdnen, araferic ar uqniaT, gamoricxes mxolod. cixeSiac ki ar CausvamT.
meti veraferi movigone: marto is monazoni, sauzmis dros rom vnaxe, da elqton-hileli
jeims kasli. magram saocari isaa, rom marTali Tu gindaT, im jeims kasls xeirianad arc ki
vicnobdi. uwyinari biWi iyo. erT klasSi vswavlobdiT, magram is oTaxis meore kuTxeSi ijda da
ar maxsovs, rom gakveTili epasuxebinos, an dafasTan gasuliyos. arian xolme biWebi _ iSviaTad
Tu gavlen dafasTan da gakveTilis moyolac WiriviT ezarebaT. mgoni, erTxel metadac ar ga-
movlaparakebivar _ sviteri rom mTxova, is iyo erTaderTi Cveni saubari. lamis iqve movkvdi,
ise saxtad davrCi, sviteri rom mTxova. maxsovs, saabazanoSi kbilebs vixexdi, roca mTxova.
biZaSvilma unda gamomiaros da manqaniT gamaseirnoso. isic ki gamikvirda _ saidan icis, rom
aseTi sviteri maqvs-meTqi. me piradad araferi vicodi misi, garda imisa, rom saklaso JurnalSi
swored Cems win ewera. kabl r., kabl v., kasli, kolfildi... jerac ar damviwyebia. marTali Tu
gindaT, kinaRam uari vtkice sviteris Txovebaze. imitom rom xeirianad ar vicnobdi.
_ rao? _ fibis vkiTxe. raRac miTxra, magram ver gavigone.
_ erTi ramec ki ver mogifiqrebia!
_ ras ambob! rogor ara. rogor ara.
_ maS sTqvi.
_ eli, magaliTad, _ vuTxari me, _ eli miyvars. ase SenTan jdoma da laparakic miyvars, da
yvelafris mogoneba da...
_ eli xom mokvda!.. sul es rom dagiJinia! kaci rom mokvdeba da caSi wava da yvelaferi,
imisi namdvili...
_ vici, rom mokvda! Sen ggonia, ar vici? magram mainc miyvars. ar SemiZlia Tu ra? ra vuyoT,
rom mokvda, sikvdilis gamo xom ar gadaiyvareb adamians?!. miT umetes, cocxlebze aTasjerac
ukeTesi Tua is kaci.
fibis araferi uTqvams. roca saTqmeli araferi aqvs, ase gaCumdeba xolme.
_ ase rom vsxedvarT, egec miyvars. namdvilad. SenTan ase jdoma da aTasi ramis gaxseneba da
layboba..
_ eg sul sxvaa.
_ viTom ratom? swored eg aris saqme. maS ra jandaba unda iyos?! xalxs rom hkiTxo, yvela-
fers gagibiabrueben. guli gaawyales, jandabas magaTi Tavi!
_ nu ilanZRebi. kargi, kidev daasaxele rame. Tqvi, ra ginda gamoxvide _ mecnieri, advokati
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
Tu sxva rame?
_ sadauri mecnieri me var. mecniereba ra Cemi saqmea!
_ maS?.. advokati mamasaviT.
_ advokatoba kargia, magram me mainc ar mimiwevs guli, _ vuTxari me, _ icocxle, kai saqmea,
udanaSaulo xalxis dacva da gamosarCleba, magram advokatebi amas Tavis dReSi ar akeTeben.
advokati Tu xar, fuli unda xveto, golfi an briji iTamaSo, manqana iyido, martini sva da
gamowkepilma iaro. vTqvaT, marTlac icav da eqomagebi udanaSaulo xalxs, egec bevrs arafers
II Tavi
niSnavs, imitom rom Sen TviTonve ar ici, ratom akeTeb amas _ marTla guliT gsiamovnebs alali
xalxis daxsna Tu ginda gamoCenili advokatis saxeli moixveWo da yvela beWebze giTaTunebdes
xels da gilocavdes, roca raime oxer saqmes moigeb sasamarTloSi, swored ise, rogorc im
binZur kinoebSia. saidan unda gaigo, es TvalTmaqcobaa Tu suliTa da guliT daxmareba! mTeli
118
ubedureba isaa, rom amas ver mixvdebi.
ara mgonia, rame gaegos fibis Cemi ybedobisa. jer pataraa, ra esmis, magram gulisyuriT ki
mismenda. xolo roca adamiani gismens, esec kargia.
_ mamas ver gadaurCebi. icode, mogklavs, _ Tqva man.
magram me aRar vusmendi. TavSi raRacam gamkra, raRac giJurma fiqrma.
_ ici ra minda gavxde? _ vuTxari me, _ ici ra? ra Tqma unda, Cems nebaze Tu mimiSves da
araferi jandaba ar gadameRoba.
_ ra? Tqvi. oRond nu ilanZRebi.
_ es simRera Tu gaxsovs _ `neta vinmes Tu daiWer Wvavis yanaSi~... me minda rom...
_ `Tu daiWer~ ki ara, `neta vinmes Tu Sexvdebi Wvavis yanaSi!~ _ gamiswora fibim. _ es leqsia.
robert bernsis7 leqsi.
_ mec vici, rom robert bernsis leqsia.
fibi marTali iyo. leqsSi marTlac asea _ `neta vinmes Tu Sexvdebi Wvavis yanaSi~, magram
maSin ar vicodi.
_ me ki megona, `vinmes Tu daiWer~ iyo, _ vuTxari fibis, _ erTi sityviT, Tvalwin midgas,
rogor TamaSoben patara bavSvebi did velze, Wvavis yanaSi. aTasobiT bavSvia da Tan aravin ax-
lavs _ ese igi, didi aravin axlavs _ Cems meti. me kidev saSineli cicabo kldis piras vdgavar,
da ras vakeTeb _ bavSvebs viWer, rom ufskrulSi ar gadaiCexon. Tu gamorbis da win ar iyureba,
arc icis, rom ufskruls uaxlovdeba, uceb gamovvardebi da xels vtaceb. mTeli dRe mets ara-
fers vakeTeb _ bavSvebs viWer Wvavis yanaSi. vici, rom sigiJea, magram es minda, sxva araferi. ise
mec vici, rom sigiJea.
fibis karga xans ar gauRia xma. mere ki, mamas ver gadaurCebio, isev is miTxra.
_ Cemi dardic eg iyos, Tu ver gadavurCebi, _ vuTxari me. bolos wamovdeqi, gadavwyvite
Cemi elqton-hileli inglisuris maswavleblisTvis damereka. mister antolini iyo es kaci da
axla niu-iorkSi cxovrobda. elqton-hilidan wamovida. niu-iorkis universitetSi aswavlida
axla inglisurs. telefonze unda davreko-meTqi, fibis vuTxari. Sen nu daiZineb, axlave mov-
brundebi-meTqi. ar mindoda dasZineboda, manam me sastumroSi viyavi. isedac ar daiZinebda,
magram mainc gavafrTxile, ufro davimSvide guli.
karebisken rom gavemarTe, fibim momaZaxa _ `holden!~ _ mivbrundi.
loginze wamomjdariyo. iseTi lamazi iyo!
_ erTi gogo gvyavs skolaSi, filis margulisi, naxe, rogori slokini maswavla.
me yuri davugde, magram iseTi veraferi gavigone.
_ kargia, _ vuTxari da sastumro oTaxSi gavedi, raTa mister antolinisTvis damereka.
inglisuridan Targmna vaxtang WeliZem
davalebebi
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
teqstis analizi
1. gaixseneT, rogor aRwers holdeni uikerbars. Tqveni azriT, yvelaze Zalian ra aRizia-
nebs holdens?
2. holdenisa da liusis saubridan Cans, rom am ukanasknelis mama fsiqoanalitikosia. ra
II Tavi
irkveva, rogor SeuZlia fsiqoanalitikoss holdenis daxmareba? unda holdens aseTi

daxmareba? ratom?
7
robert bernsi (1759_1796) _ Sotlandieli poeti.
119
3. rogorc gaxsovT, uikerbarSi marto darCenili holdeni gvarianad gamoTvra da bevri si-
sulelec Caidina. bolos `...garderobisken gavemarTe, gzaSi tirili amovuSvi. ar vici, ra
momivida, magram vtirodi ki~-o, TviTonve gviyveba. Tqven ras fiqrobT, ra atirebda?
4. holdeni cdilobs Tavis patara daikos gaagebinos, ratom ar moswons Tavisi skola: òrad
ori xeiriani maswavlebelia mTels skolaSi, _ eubneba igi fibis, _ da isinic TvalTmaq-
cebi arian, erTi berikaci gvaswavlis, mister spenseri. roca ar unda estumro, coli
yovelTvis cxel Sokolads mogimzadebs da yvelaferi. namdvilad kargi xalxia. magram
unda naxo, ra emarTeba, roca direqtori Tarmeri Semova istoriis gakveTilze da ukan
Camojdeba. ase icis xolme _ Semova da mTeli naxevari saaTi zis, sul ukan. viTom inkog-
nitod dadis, raRa. zis ase erT xans baiyuSiviT da uceb wamoiwyebs _ xan ras isvris da xan
ras, waramara awyvetinebs moxuc spensers Tavisi ukbilo xumrobebiT. sawyalma spenserma
ki ra qnas aRar icis, kvdeba kaci _ qirqilebs, ikriWeba, igrixeba; viTom didi princi
myavdes es oxeri Tarmeri~.
rogor gesmiT es epizodi? Tqven rogor ganmartavT, ra ar moswons holdens?
detalebis xelovneba
1. holdeni yveba: `viskis rom vukveTavdi, fexze wamovdeqi _ naxon, ramsimaRle var, uwlo-
vani aravis vegono-meTqi~. ra informacias iZleva es detali?
2. gaixseneT: liusma wasvlamde barmens Tavisi angariSi mosTxova, Tumca holdenTan er-
Tad svamda. es garemoeba arc am ukanasknels ukvirs, Torem aucileblad aRniSnavda. ra
SeiZleba davaskvnaT am detalidan miRebuli informaciiT? Tqveni azriT, raze met-
yvelebs amgvari urTierTobebi?
3. monaxeT iseTi detalebi, romlebSiac Cans holdenis damokidebuleba gardacvlili Zmisa
da umcrosi disadmi. Tqven rogor gansazRvravT am damokidebulebis xasiaTs?
paralelebi
1. gaixseneT bel kaufmanis teqsti. pirvel rigSi, misi Txrobis maneras daakvirdiT. wina
planze Tavad mwerali dgas Tavisi komentarebiTa da analiziT.
rogori viTarebaa am TvalsazrisiT selinjeris romanSi? vin dgas aq wina planze? cvlis
Tu ara es garemoeba selinjeris teqstSi realobis asaxvis xarisxs? dafiqrdiT, amis
gamo ufro giWirT holden kolfildis sulieri samyaros wvdoma Tu piriqiT? emociu-
rad romeli teqsti axdens met zegavlenas Tqvenze? ratom?
2. rogorc gaxsovT, bel kaufmani nawilobriv amboxebul mozardebs gvixatavs. mizezebi,
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
ase Tu ise, gasagebia. magram ris winaaRmdegaa amboxebuli holden kolfildi? amis ga-
sarkvevad Tqvens samuSao rveulSi CamowereT orive amboxebis mizezebi da SeadareT
erTmaneTs msgavseba-gansxvavebaTa gamosavlenad.
3. bel kaufmanis personaJebi konkretuli epoqis, konkretuli qveynis, romeliRac kon-
kretuli garemos warmomadgenelni arian. am anturaJis gareSe maTi cxovreba, albaT,
sul sxvanairi iqneboda, magram asea Tu ara selinjeris romanis SemTxvevaSic? anu SeiZ-
leba Tu ara holden kolfildi sul sxva epoqasa da garemoSic iseTive dramatuli bedisa
II Tavi
yofiliyo, rogoric 50-iani wlebis amerikaSi iyo? ratom?
120
Tvalsazrisi
mkvlevari rezo yaralaSvili werda: `herman hese friad Tavmdabali, moridebuli da gul-
CaTxrobili kaci iyo. is Tavs aridebda sajaro leqciebs, presas, radios, sazeimo saRamoebsa
da iubileebs; cdilobda gamijnoda sazogadoebriv cxovrebas; wignebsa da musikaSi eZebda
TavSesafars. misTvis ucxo iyo TviTreklama, TviTgandideba, sajaro gamosvlebi. mTeli si-
cocxle ganmartoebiT cxovrobda. ezos WiSkarze didi dafa hqonda mikruli warweriT _
`gTxovT nu gvestumrebiT~. warweras unda daecva mwerali mravali Jurnalistis, reportioris,
Tayvanismcemlisa Tu turistisagan, romlebic saWirod Tvlidnen dasaTvalierebel RirsSe-
saniSnaobaTa siaSi mweralic CaerToT~.
martoobis kidev ufro metad moyvaruli, namdvili gandegili, aRmoCnda jerom selinjeri...
rac sakmaod ucnauri da Znelad asaxsneli ambavi Cans. am da sxva sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT Tavisi
Tvalsazrisi aqvs gamoTqmuli kritikos rostom CxeiZes, romlis esesac aqve gTavazobT.
neta cocxalia jerom selinjeri?
àba, ras eubneba xolme erTi kedeli meores?~

ucnauria, ras SeiZleba eubnebodes erTi kedeli meores!..
patara biWma ki _ esmes Zmam, selinjeris moTxrobidan èZRvneba esmes~8 _ icis am gamocanis
pasuxi da winaswar tkbeba, xarobs da icinis, rom gamomcnobi aravin aris.
neta ras eubneba erTi kedeli meores?
davfiqrdeT, iqneb CveniTac mivxvdeT, magram jer gacilebiT ufro mniSvnelovani gamo-
cana gvaforiaqebs: neta cocxalia jerom selinjeri?
nuTu aseTi kiTxvac SeiZleboda gagvCenoda?
marTalia, gaerida sazogadoebas, TavisTvis gamoiketa da mdumarebaSi CaiZira, da ase gag-
rZelda ramdenime aTeul weliwads, magram gana ase unda migveviwyebina misi arseboba, rom
veRarc gagvigia, cocxalia Tu gardacvlili?
Tu es wrfeli da alalmarTali sulic SeuerTda zecas, ase uCumrad unda gamqraliyo?
da Tuki isev sevdiani da pirquSi mzeriT gamohyurebs samyaros, gana SeiZleba aCrdilTa
Soris gvegulebodes?
aba, scadeT gaigoT simarTle: midiT amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saelCoSi, SeuTvaleT
amerikaSi myof axloblebsa Tu nacnobebs, gaikiTx-gamoikiTxon, cocxalia Tu ara jerom se-
linjeri... verafers gagirkveven, garda imisa, xmebia gavrcelebuli mis gardacvalebaze, oRond
darwmunebiT Tqma Zneliao.
es xom Cvenc viciT.
civilizebuli samyaro ar gamoTxovebia selinjers, is samyaro, sadac aseTi didi mRelva-
reba da aRtaceba gamoiwvia misma pirvelma da erTaderTma romanma `TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi~. TiT-
qos sentimentalizmisa Tu romantizmis epoqaao. es maSin iwvevda romanebi aseT aurzaursa da
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
aRfrTovanebas, aTasobiT adamiani aigivebda sakuTar Tavs mTavar personaJebTan da maTi bediT
cxovrobdnen. Cvenma saukunem aRar icis mkiTxvelis amgvari aRzeveba. ara, aRtacebis unari ki
ar dakargula, magram sayovelTao gamoxmaureba, romanis gmiris cxovrebiT cxovreba uCveu-
lod gamoiyureba; da swored es uCveulobaa, selinjeris romanma rom moaxdina. gamoqveyne-
bisTanave, 50-iani wlebis damdegidan qariSxaliviT gadauara amerikasac da evropasac da maSinve
iseTi eqstazuri gancdiT ahyvnen, gansakuTrebiT axalgazrdoba, moduri Txzulebanic rom
ver iwvevs xolme.
gavida wlebi da aRtaceba ar damcxrala; gavida wlebi da TvalnaTlivia: selinjeris romans
II Tavi
kaTarzisis9 Zala hqonia; gavida wlebi, aswleulic iwureba da im saganZurSi, riTac Cvenma tragi-
komikurma saukunem SeiZleba Tavi moiwonos, udavodaa damkvidrebuli `TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi~.
8
9
kaTarzisi _ sulieri ganwmenda.
121
Tavidan romanad arc iyo Cafiqrebuli. 22 wlisam, 41-Si, es novelac rom dawera, `susti
amboxi medison-avenius maxloblad~, mZafri pacifisturi suliT gaJRenTili, ras ifiqrebda,
misi gadamuSavebuli varianti odesme romanis ramdenime Tavs Tu daedeboda safuZvlad; aseve
kidev erTi novelac `Wkuaze SeiSlebi~.
didi sulieri gancdebi, Wabuk personaJis saxed xorcSesxmuli, novelebma ver daitia da
1946 wlisaTvis ukve Seiqmneba es romani da gamomcemlobasac waredgineba. magram moulodne-
lad ukanve wamoiRebs selinjeri. grZnobda: es is jer ver iyo, rac gulSi aseTi gznebiTa da
simwvaviT uRvioda, is srulyofileba aklda, holden kolfildis dramatuli bedi iseve rom
aamRelvarebda mkiTxvelsac, rogorc mwerals aRelvebda da awuxebda.
holdeni xom TviTonvea: masaviT gulmarTali, wrfeli, adamianebSi sialalisa da simarTlis
mZebneli, TvalTmaqcsa da yalb garemos Sexlili, imedgacruebuli da gulgatexili.
pirvelad rom gakrTa mis gonebaSi holdenis saxeba, sul axali gamosuli iyo misi asaki-
dan, magram dro rom Camoimarcvla, ufro srulyofilad gamoxata sakuTari siWabuke, Torem
maSindeli SfoTva-foriaqi odnavadac ar ganelebia, 32 wlisac isev is iyo, sulieri sispeta-
kiT iridebda cxovrebis WuWys da im alalmarTal, bedukuRmarT biWad rCeboda, iSviaTi sifa-
qiziTa da lirizmiT rom aRavsebs zecad amaRlebuli Zmis xsovna, pawia daiko da sayvarel
gogonaze fiqri.
ymawvilis romantikuli suli ver Seguebia adamianTa farisevlobas, uxeSobasa da daun-
doblobas da didi tkivilebiT amitomac iTangeba. sul ar aris aucilebeli raRac tragedia
daatydes Tavs, misi tragedia es aris, rom gamgebi da TanamgrZnobi ver upovia.
selinjeris faqizi suli kidev ufro dasera da gaawama sruliad aramwerlur samsaxurSi
moxvedram: serJantad samxedro StabSi, _ da meore frontis gaxsnas eloda. 44-Si erT-erTi
pirveli misi Stabi gadaisroles normandiaSi da kontrdazvervisas gestapos agentebs das-
devda da tyveebs dahkiTxavda.
meCveneba Tu marTla asea: selinjeri iseve cdilobda gaTavisuflebuliyo mis arsebaSi Ca-
saxlebuli meore me-sagan, rogorc odesRac goeTe, vinc verteris saxis SeqmniT daaRwia Tavi
sulier gvemasac da TviTmkvlelobis ganzraxvasac. motivi am or SemTxvevaSi sxvadasxvaa, oRond
saerToa is, rom personaJebi ukiduresi sizustiT gamoxataven SemoqmedTa ganwyobilebas.
albaT selinjersac iseve awuxebda TviTmkvlelobaze fiqri, rogorc simor glass (`banan-
Tevzas amindi~10), rogorc holden kolfilds... Tumc raRa albaT: simoris aRsasruli protes-
tia samyaros uwesrigobisa da siyalbis mimarT. es ar aris afeqtSi myofi kacis gadawyvetileba.
amitomacaa misi qceva dajerebuli, mSvidi, garidebuli yovelgvar emocias. safeTqelze mide-
bulma lulam TviTonve icis ukeT, rom simori adamianTa Soris veRar darCeba, imedis niSati
gamqrala da masTan erTad sulic maleve unda amoqardes...
holdensac gauelvebs es azri, fanjridan gadavardnis survili rom mouvlis: `gadavvar-
debodi kidec, imedi rom mqonoda, rom xeladve moirbenda vinme da rames gadamafarebda. ar
mindoda, usaqmuri idiotebi Semomxveodnen gars da sisxlSi moTxvrilisTvis ecqiraT~.
rogor unda iyos adamianebze gulgatexili, rom imis imedic ki ar hqondes, dalewil sxe-
uls mainc Seibraleben da saseiro ar Seiqneba TavSeyrili brbosTviso. isic aravis moafiq-
rdeba, arc gaemeteba, rom raime gadaafaros. da winaswarve mtkivneulad ganicdis am suraTs,
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
rogorc tlanqi, zneobamoSlili realobis bunebriv gamovlenas.

arada, fanjridan gadavardna mis TvalSi swored zneobriv gmirobas gauigivda mas Semdeg,
rac misi Tanaklaseli ar Seepueba aramzadebs, ukan ar waiRebs Tavis sityvas da, radganac yvela
gza moWrili aqvs, patiebis Txovnas vaJkacur aRsasruls amjobinebs. holdens xSirad axsendeba
misi saxe da is suraTi, sisxlSi moTxvrili jeimz kasli qvis safexurebze rom gdia. da Tu
elqton-hileli maswavlebeli mister antolini misTvis yvelaze Zvirfasia garsSemojarul
adamianebs Soris, es imitom, rom igi miiWra pirveli dalewil sxeulTan, xelSi aitaca, maSinve
maja gausinja, palto gaixada, gadaafara da saavadmyofoSi gaaqana. sxva seirobs, an vera bedavs
II Tavi
miaxloebas, igi ki ubedurebam SeZra da umoqmedod ver gaCerdeboda.

Wabuks sxva drosac mxolod imitom daafeTebs sikvdilis SiSi, rom warmoidgens, Tu ro-
gor miacilebs mis kubos milionobiT TvalTmaqci.
122 10
holdeni mister antolinisTan eZebs nugeSsa da TanagrZnobas, erTaderTs mas gadauSlis
guls da SesCivis, rom sicocxlis azrs vera poulobs; da maswavlebeli Tavidan marTla mSve-
lelad moevlineba, mSvidi, gonivruli saubriT daawynarebs, daarwmunebs: Tu moiwadineb, Tan-
daTanobiT miuaxlovdebi codnis im safexurs, roca mixvdebi, rom xalxis usaqcielobasa da
usulgulobas marto Sen ar Seuwuxebixar, marto Sen ar auforiaqebixar da dauSinebixar. mix-
vdebi, rom kentad ara xar am saqmeSi da es gagaxarebs da Zalas Segmatebs. bevrs, Zalian bevrs
ganucdia iseTive sulieri da moraluri aforiaqeba, rasac axla Sen ganicdio. sabednierod,
zogs Cawerili aqvs yoveli aseTi gasaWiri. SegiZlia iswavlo maTgan _ Tuki moisurveb. aseve
sxvebsac SeeZlebaT iswavlon Sengan, Tuki moiwadineb da gauziarebo.
personaJis piriT aq is idumali xma metyvelebs, ramac selinjers ubiZga, sulieri gvema
romanis SeqmniT gamoedevna sxeulidan, dae holden kolfilds etarebina is tvirTi, rac ase
mZimed daswoloda mwerlis mxrebs da sresda.
Tavisi ocnebac mas gadauloca:
`...Tvalwin midgas, rogor TamaSoben patara bavSvebi did velze, Wvavis yanaSi, aTasobiT
bavSvia da Tan aravin axlavs _ ese igi, didi aravin axlavs _ Cems meti. me kide saSineli cicabo
kldis piras vdgavar, da ras vakeTeb _ bavSvebs viWer, rom ufskrulSi ar gadaiCexon. Tu ga-
morbis da win ar iyureba, arc icis, rom ufskruls uaxlovdeba, uceb gamovvardebi da xels
vtaceb. mTeli dRe mets arafers vakeTeb _ bavSvebs viWer Wvavis yanaSi. vici, rom sigiJea, mag-
ram es minda, sxva araferi. ise mec vici, rom sigiJea~.
sigiJed es fiqri-TamaSi im garemoSi gamoiyureba, sadac daundoblad saxiCrdeba bavSve-
bis sulebi da daunaneblad cviva TvalTmaqcobis, sisastikis ufskrulSi. sinamdvileSi es is
naTeli, amaRlebuli ltolvaa, ramac unda gvixsnas wuTisoflis amaoebisagan.
holdeni ocnebobs, bavSvebi mainc aaridos am gansacdels, sadac TviTon sayrdeni gamoc-
lia, bundovnad grZnobs, rom misi yofa ufskrulSi vardnas hgavs, da am farul gancdas Tval-
win gadauSlis mister antolini:
ùfskruli, saiTkenac Sen mihqri _ sul sxva ufskrulia, saSineli ufskruli. iq gadaCexi-
li kaci Tavis dReSi fskers ver Seexeba da verc igrZnobs. sul vardeba da vardeba. es iseT
xalxs mosdis, visac cxovrebis garkveul periodSi raRac axali miswrafeba gasCenia da am axa-
li miswrafebis dakmayofileba mis garemos ver SesZlebia. an eCveneba _ Cemi garemo amas ver
damikmayofilebso. da amitom xeli Cauqnevia...~
imasac etyvis: es Seni moumwifeblobis niSania, roca iswrafi vaJkacurad Seewiro saqmes,
maSin, roca momwifebuli adamiani cdilobs mSvidad icxovros da am saqmes emsaxuroso.
es ar niSnavs pirovnul Rirsebaze uaris Tqmas, yalb garemosTan Semgueblobas, es mxolod
wonasworobis povnaa, realuri sayrdenis moZieba, rac ufskrulSi vardnis Tavzardamcemi Seg-
rZnebisagan dagixsnis.
Cixidan gamosasvleli gza TiTqos ukve napovnia, magram holdens kidev erTi Tavzari elis.
am erTaderTi adamianis zneobriv simrTeleSic unda Seeparos eWvi, ase guliT rom miendo, da
kidec unda daemsxvres rwmena.
uiliam folknerze, vinc aRtacebuli darCa misTvis ucnobi mwerlis STambeWdavi gamoCe-
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
niT did sarbielze, gulisSemZvrelad swored am epizodma imoqmeda: es ukanaskneli TavSesa-

faric rom gamoecala xelidan ymawvils. TviTon folkneric rogori JiniT eZiebda sinaTlis
sxivs pirquS, Semzarav realobaSi, rogori sulis simwariT cdilobda TanamgrZnobelis aRmo-
Cenas, alalmarTlobis, siwrfelis povnas da ase Zalian amitomac ganicada holdenis bedi,
amitomac miuxvda, selinjeri TviTon ver morevia sulier gvemasa da foriaqso.
verc moeria. TviTmkvleloba aRar ucdia, iqneb sulac amoigdo gonebidan es fiqri, goe-
Tesi da verterisa ar iyos; magram am samyaroSi rom ver darCeboda, esec TvalnaTliv SeigrZno.
gadawyvetileba uryevi aRmoCnda.
II Tavi
jerom selinjeri sabolood mowyda adamianebs.

da axla isic ver gagvirkvevia, cocxali aris Tu ara....
...gana Tqvenc ar inatreT CemsaviT am romanis wakiTxvisTanave: neta amis damweri da me kai
Zmakacebi viyoTo? _ swored ise, Tavad holdeni rom natrulobs. misTvis es aris kargi wignis
123
yvelaze bunebrivi da marjve sazomi, mweralTan damegobrebas rom mogandomebs da survils
gagiCens, telefoniTac daureko. siamovnebiT davurekavdi isak dinsensa11 da tomas hardiso, _
aki gulRiad gvimxels, _ rang lardnersac12 davurekavdi, magram Turme gardacvlilao.
selinjerisa esec ar viciT, da sulierad rom mogvindes masTan gasaubreba, arc gvecodi-
neba, aCrdils mivmarTavT Tu Tavis TavSi Caketil kacs, holdeniseburi tkiviliTa da sa-
sowarkveTiT rom gamohyurebs kacobriobas...
ara, mainc ras eubneba erTi kedeli meores?
ras da: kuTxeSi SevxvdeT erTmaneTso.
Turme ra iolad SeiZleba gamocanis gamocnoba, roca Tanaziars eZieb, roca yovelTvis
guliT mieltvi Sexvedras.
kedlebsac maSin gaugeb.
saSineli cicabo kldis pirasac maSin Casafrdebi... momlodine da erTianad moziduli...
did velze, Wvavis yanaSi...
rostom CxeiZe
1. ukve naxsenebi germaneli mwerlis ulrix plencdorfis personaJi yveba: ìs selinjeric
magari vinmea, daexeteba im galumpul niu-iorkSi da Sin misvla ver gaubedia, imitom rom
skolidan aiTesa, saidanac isedac upirebdnen gamopanRurebas. amas rom vkiTxulob, sul
jigarSi mxvdeba...~ am teqstis mixedviT aSkaraa mwerlisa da misi personaJis gaigiveba.
rostom CxeiZis esedan viciT, rom uiliam folkneris azriT, holden kolfildi Tavad
selinjeris sulieri gvemisa da foriaqis gamoxatuleba iyo.
Tavad rostom CxeiZe ki ase ayalibebs Tavis azrs: selinjerma scada, `sulieri gvema
romanis SeqmniT gamoedevna sxeulidan, dae holden kolfilds etarebina is tvirTi,
rac ase mZimed daswoloda mwerlis mxrebs da sresda... holdeni xom TviTonvea: masaviT
gulmarTali, wrfeli, adamianebSi sialalisa da simarTlis mZebneli, TvalTmaqcsa da
yalb garemos Sexlili, imedgacruebuli da gulgatexili~.
eTanxmebiT Tu ara amgvar interpretacias? gaiTvaliswineT, rom sxva SemTxvevebSi mi-
Rebuli ar aris mwerlis gaigiveba Tavis personaJebTan, magram amjerad samive mwerali
erT Tvalsazrisze dgas. ratom?
2. rogorc romanSia miTiTebuli, selinjerma Tavisi teqstis saTaurad Sotlandieli po-
etis robert bernsis leqsis erTgvari perifrazi aiRo. gaixseneT, ra iswavleT I TavSi
saTauris poetikaze da SeafaseT selinjeris romanis saTauri. eseSi monaxeT is epizodi,
romelSic avtori saTaurze msjelobs. eTanxmebiT Tu ara mis interpretacias? ratom?
3. gaixseneT, rogor xsnis eses avtori jerom selinjeris gandegilobis mizezebs. eTan-
xmebiT Tu ara amgvar interpretacias? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
diskusia
mister antolini holdenis sulier gvemasa da foriaqs erTgvarad mis moumwifeblobis Sede-
gad Tvlis. momwifebuli adamiani cdilobs mSvidad icxovros da Tavis saqmes emsaxuros. es ar aris
yalb garemosTan Semguebloba, es mxolod wonasworobis povnaa, realuri sayrdenis moZiebaa...
kargad gaiazreT rogorc holdenis fsiqologiuri mdgomareoba, ise mister antolinis
II Tavi
azri da argumentirebulad imsjeleT, eTanxmebiT Tu ara am Tvalsazriss.
11
karen bliksenis (1885_1962) _ danieli mwerali qalis erT-erTi fsevdonimi.
124 12
rang lardneri (1885_1933) _ amerikeli mwerali.
teqsti da mkiTxveli
gTavazobT kidev erT fragments ulrix plencdorfis nawarmoebidan àxalgazrda v.-s axa-
li vnebani~, romelSiac mTavari gmiri kvlav selinjersa da mis romanze laparakobs. amjerad
mis metyvelebas daakvirdiT:
`selinjeris romani sul SemTxveviT Camivarda xelSi. aravin icoda es wigni, ese igi, aravis
urCevia, waikiTxeo. hoda, Zalianac kargi, Torem xelsac ar movkidebdi. bevrjer SemrCenia
egre naqebi wignidan nagavi xelSi da me idioti bolos ise gamovkretindi, rom sxvisi naqebi
wigni, kargic rom yofiliyo, mainc nagavi meCveneboda. axlac maJrialebs tanSi, rom warmo-
vidgen, ra meSveleboda, is wigni rom xelSi ar Camvardnoda. is selinjeric magari vinmea, dae-
xeteba im galumpul niu-iorkSi da Sin misvla ver gaubedia, imitom rom skolidan aiTesa, sai-
danac isedac upirebdnen gamopanRurebas. amas rom vkiTxulob, sul jigarSi mxvdeba. misamarTi
rom mcodnoda, mivwerdi, CvenTan Camosuliyo. is jigari Cemi toli iqneba. mitenbergi13 niu-
iorkTan SedarebiT soroa, magram aq didebulad daisvenebda...~
rogorc xedavT, germaneli mwerlis personaJic holdeniviT specifikurad metyvelebs.
Tqveni azriT, ratom, ra mizniT alaparakeben mwerlebi amgvari eniT TavianT personaJebs?
weriTi davaleba
1. gaiTvaliswineT romanis fragmentisa da rostom CxeiZis eses wakiTxviT miRebuli STa-

beWdileba da SeqmeniT holden kolfildis fsiqologiuri portreti.
2. saxelmZRvaneloSi warmodgenil fragmentebze dayrdnobiT SeqmeniT karl liusisa da
jeims kaslis fsiqologiuri portretebi.
prezentacia
jerom selinjeris `TamaSi Wvavis yanaSi~ cnobilma mTargmnelma vaxtang WeliZem jer
kidev gasuli saukunis 60-ian wlebSi Targmna qarTulad. oriode wlis win ki am romanis axali,
gia WumburiZiseuli, Targmani gamoqveynda. gTavazobT jerom selinjeris romanis inglisu-
ri originalis fragments. aqve warmogidgenT amave fragmentis gia WumburiZiseul Targmans.
Tqveni amocanaa, inglisuri teqstis gaTvaliswinebiT SeadaroT igi vaxtang WeliZiseul Tar-
gmans.
Sedarebis procesSi gamoiyeneT II Tavis meore paragrafSi warmodgenili vaxuSti kote-
tiSvilis rCevebi mTargmnelebisadmi da gamoTqviT Tqveni Tvalsazrisi. amgvari davalebis
Sesrulebis gamocdileba ukve gaqvT.
paralelurad Tqvenc scadeT mocemuli fragmentis Targmna. bolos gaerTianebul gakve-
Tilze moawyveT Tqveni Targmanebis sajaro kiTxva da ganxilva.
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
***
In case you don’t live in New York, the Wicker Bar is in this sort of swanky hotel, the Seton Hotel. I used
to go there quite a lot, but I don’t any more. I gradually cut it out. It’s one of those places that are supposed to
be very sophisticated and all, and the phonies are coming in the window. They used to have these two French
babes, Tina and Janine, come out and play the piano and sing about three times every night. One of them played
the piano-strictly lousy-and the other one sang, and most of the songs were either pretty dirty or in French. The
one that sang, old Janine, was always whispering into the goddam microphone before she sang. She’d say, “And
II Tavi
now we like to geeve you our impression of Vooly Voo Fransay. Eet ees the story of a leetle Fransh girl who
comes to a beeg ceety, just like New York, and falls een love wees a leetle boy from Brookleen. We hope you like
13
mitenbergi _ qalaqi germaniaSi.
125
eet.” Then, when she was all done whispering and being cute as hell, she’d sing some dopey song, half in English
and half in French, and drive all the phonies in the place mad with joy. If you sat around there long enough and
heard all the phonies applauding and all, you got to hate everybody in the world, I swear you did. The bartender
was a louse, too. He was a big snob. He didn’t talk to you at all hardly unless you were a big shot or a celebrity
or something. If you were a big shot or a celebrity or something, then he was even more nauseating. He’d go up
to you and say, with this big charming smile, like he was a helluva swell guy if you knew him, “Well! How’s
Connecticut?” or “How’s Florida?” It was a terrible place, I’m not kidding. I cut out going there entirely,
gradually.
***
niu-iorkSi Tu ar gicxovriaT, ar gecodinebaT, rom uikerbari sastumro `seton otel-
Sia~ moTavsebuli. uwin xSirad davdiodi, axla aRar. TandaTanobiT amovikveTe fexi. es iTvle-
ba erT-erT yvelaze ufro mdidrul, keTilmowyobil adgilad, da mTeli koxta-pruwa xalxic
iq gamoefineba xolme. aq yovelRame sam-samjer gamodiodnen frangi gogoebi _ Tina da Janini,
roials ukravdnen da mRerodnen. erTi ukravda sazizRad; meore ki mReroda _ xan raRac binZur
simRerebs, xanac franguls. is momRerali, Janini, mikrofonTan rom movidoda, manam simReras
daiwyebda, usaTuod rame unda waeCurCulebina. magaliTad ase: àxla ki Sen gvinda mogasmenino
`vule vu franse~. es aris sigera faTara gogona, romelis diid qalaqSi Samodis, vTqvaT rogorc
niu-iorqi da Seiqvarebs bruqlinel faTara vaJs. imedi gaqs, Tqven mogesonebi~. morCeboda
CurCuls da rames waiRiRinebda, uRimRamod, mosawyens _ naxevars inglisurad, naxevars
frangulad, am koxta-pruwa xalxs ki sul gadarevda da gaagiJebda. Soridan rom SegexedaT da
imaTi taSiscemisTvis geyurebinaT, RmerTs geficebiT, adamianis saxsenebeli SegZuldebodaT.
baris patronic kai binZuri vaJbatoni brZandeboda. pirwavardnili snobi. Tu didi miRebuli
da gamoCinebuli vinme ar iyavi, zedac ar Semogxedavda. Tu didi gamoCinebuli da miRebuli
kaci iyavi, ise mogelaquceboda _ tuCebs yurebTan miitanda _ viTom, naxeT, ra kargi biWi varo,
da gkiTxavda: `rogoraa saqme, konetikutSi ra ambavia~; an arada: `florididan ra ismis?~
saZageli baria. ar gexumrebiT. TandaTanobiT amovikveTe iqidan fexi.
Targmna vaxtang WeliZem
***
Tu niu-iorkis araferi iciT, unda giTxraT ro es uiker-bari, igive `mownuli boTli~ _
seton-hotelSi iyo gamarTuli da erT dros Zaan miRebulis ram adgili gaxldaT. adre xSira-
dac davdiodi iq, oRond nel-nela SeveSvi. ai iseTi adgilia, viTomc magari Taviseburi da
oxrad piJonebi daijgimebodnen iq. ori frangi gogona yavdaT, tina da Janini _ pianinoze
ukravdnen da mRerodnen _ sam-samjer yovel saRamos. dakvriTac xo ise ra, da simReriT kide an
gvarian seqsi rameebs arCevdnen, an sulac frangulad uberavdnen da yoveli nomeris win Ja-
nini mikrofonSi CurCulebda xolme Zaan Teatralurad: èxla gvinda Rame fRanguli gimRe-
roT . . . eRTi pataRa fRangi gogona Camodis diid qalaqSi, ai RogoRic niu-ioRkia da eRT
bRuklinel biWs xvdeba . . . imedi aRis, magRa mogewonebaT!~ mere raRac sulelur simReras
`banaluri kiTxvebi~
waiRiRinebda frangul-inglisurad da Wkuaze gadayavda mTeli jamaaTi. cota xans ijdebodiT

iq da mere ucbad yelSi amogividodaT yvelaferi. barmenic ki erTi mutruki vinme gaxldaT _
sityvas dagamadlida, Tu vinme iseTi ar iyavi. da Tu iyavi, xo kide uaresi _ mogadgeboda
yurebamde piraxeuli da dagiwyebda aqeTur-iqiTurs:àxali ra xdeba floridaSi? ~ an
`koneqtikutidan ra ismis?~ mokled, fexi amovikveTe iqidan. arc gamWirvebia, simarTle
giTxraT.
Targmna gia WumburiZem
II Tavi
126
III Tavi
qali da mamakaci
qali da mamakaci
III Tavi
127
Sesavali
rogorc amboben, erT adamians meores Sesaxeb SeiZleba yvelaferi daaviwydes _ maRali
iyo Tu dabali, msuqani Tu gamxdari, xalisiani Tu uxaliso, kargi mosaubre Tu sityvaZunwi,
ganaTlebuli Tu gaunaTlebeli, magram arasodes daaviwydeba qali iyo igi Tu mamakaci.
nebismieri Cvengani qalad an mamakacad ibadeba am qveyanaze da ar arsebobs am dasazRvruli
sivrcidan Tavis daRwevis saSualeba. magram aseve ar arsebobs ufro winaaRmdegobrivi ram,
vidre qalisa da mamakacis urTierTobaa. albaT arc erTi sxva tipis urTierToba ar aris am
xarisxiT erTdroulad tkbilica da mwarec, sasiamovnoca da usiamovnoc, iolica da Znelic,
samoTxeca da jojoxeTic.
qalisa da mamakacis urTierTobaze iwereboda dasabamidan da iwereba dResac. iwereboda
Zalze Rrmaca da Zalze msubuqic, tragikulica da gasarTobic, mSvenierica da SemaZrwune-
belic...
gaixseneT saxelmZRvanelos I TavSi moyvanili oTar WilaZis leqsi, romelSiac naxsenebia
qali, saxelad Samxati. Cvenamde moRweul msoflios uZveles eposSi `gilgameSianSi~ swored
am qalisa da enqidus erotikuli urTierTobiT iwyeba siyvarulis istoria. velur mxecTa
Soris mcxovrebi enqidu am siyvarulma aqcia adamianad.
oTxi aTasi wlis winaT Zvel egvipteSi ukve arsebobda haToris _ siyvarulisa da mxiaru-
lebis RmerTis kulti. ufro mogvianebiT iqve warmoiSva sasiyvarulo lirikac. CvenTvis cno-
bili, erT-erTi pirveli realuri istoria faraon ehnatonisa da dedofal nefertitis didi
siyvarulisa, swored egviptes ukavSirdeba.
radgan istoriul faqtebze vsaubrobT, indoeli Sahis jahanisa da misi meuRlis mumTazi-i-
mahalis dramatuli siyvarulis istoriac unda gavixsenoT. meuRlis gardacvalebis Semdeg
jahanis mier meuRlis saxelze aSenebuli ganTqmuli sasaxle _ Tajmahali kulturis istoriaSi
rCeba, rogorc siyvaruliT STagonebuli unikaluri arqiteqturuli Zegli.
mokled, siyvarulis Tema amouwuravia. am fenomenis sakuTar interpretaciebs dRemde
gvTavazoben mwerlebi da filosofosebi, mxatvrebi da kulturologebi. rac mTavaria, Tvi-
Ton Cvenc, Cveni cxovrebiT mainc gviwevs am TemasTan Sexeba, raki nebismieri Cvengani an qalia,
anda mamakaci da nebsiT Tu uneblieT vemorCilebiT am umniSvnelovanesi urTierTobis kanon-
zomierebebs.
am TavSi adamianuri arsebobis, misi fundamenturi moTxovnilebis _ siyvarulis _ mra-
valwaxnagovan, poetur, magram amave dros, rTul da winaaRmdegobriv bunebaze mogviwevs
yuradRebis gamaxvileba.
qali da mamakaci
III Tavi
128
§ I
avtoris Sesaxeb
rusi medievisti1 da kulturologi aron gureviCi ekuTvnoda Cveni

mamebisa da Tqveni papebis im unikalur Taobas, romelmac gadaitana sta-
linuri represiebi, yvelaze sisxlismRvreli omi kacobriobis istoriaSi,
moeswro yvelaze damangreveli iaraRis Seqmnas, rac ki odesme adamians
hqonia, pirvel gafrenebs kosmosSi, ramdenime diqtatoris aRzevebasa da
dacemas, minimum erTi imperiis dabadebasa da aRsasruls. amgvari gamoc-
aron gureviCi
dileba dasabamidan dedamiwaze arsebul albaT arc erT Taobas ar miuRia.
1924_2006
`kultura ar aris
miuxedavad imisa, rom a. gureviCma TiTqmis mTeli cxovreba iseT to-
mxolod is, rac talitarul imperiaSi icxovra, rogoric sabWoTa kavSiri iyo, rogor-
muzeumebsa da bib- Rac mainc SeZlo azrovnebis Tavisuflebis SenarCuneba. misTvis damaxasi-
lioTekebSia Tav-
moyrili. kultu-
aTebel sulier simtkices didi gamocda daudga sicocxlis ukanaskneli
ra aseve aris ada- 13 wlis ganmavlobaSi, romelic mecnierma sruliad mxedvelobadakargul-
mianis, rogorc in- ma gaatara. rogorc amboben, es mZime gamocda man Rirseulad Caabara. igi
dividisa da ro-
gorc romeliRac
gardaicvala 2006 wels.
koleqtivis wev-
ris arsebobis
forma. aseve kul-
turaa kompleqsi
adamianis war-
modgenebisa sam-
yaroze da saku-
aron gureviCi
Tar Tavze, ro-
gorc im wertilze,
saidanac cnobieri
arseba Seimecnebs
erosi2 da kultura
am samyaros~.
a. gureviCi sxvadasxva kulturebSi erosi sxvadasxvanairad vlindeba. sqesis Rrma
saidumlom zogjer SeiZleba pastoraluri3 da naTeli, zogjer ki de-
monuri da bneli vnebebis saxe miiRos. magram erTi ram udavoa: rogorc nacionaluri kulturis,
ise pirovnuli sulierebis konteqstSi, erosi imdenad auracxel da gasaocar waxnagebs iZens,
rom misi Seswavlisas SeuZlebelia yvelaze moulodnel paradoqsebsa da xafangebs ar
gadavawydeT.
erosi, rogorc erT-erTi siRrmiseuli adamianuri vneba, kulturis filosofiur wvdo-
masTan gvaaxloebs. avstrieli fsiqologisa da filosofosis zigmund froidis4 TqmiT, gar-
Semo yvelaferi erosis saidumlo, magram mZlavri zegavleniTaa gaJRenTili. igi yvelgan aR-
wevs da uTvalav saxes Rebulobs. misi kvali SeiZleba davinaxoT politikaSi, locviT eqstazSi,
yoveldRiurobis oromtrialSi. erosi warmoadgens rogorc calkeuli adamianis, ise mTeli
qali da mamakaci
sazogadoebis siRrmiseul da marad ganaxlebad, marad daukmayofilebel moTxovnilebas.

erosi Tavs iCens nebismier kulturaSi, magram sxvadasxva sazogadoebebi sxvadasxvanai-
rad reagireben erotikis gamovlinebaze. amis Sesaxeb kidev erTxel Segvaxsenes filmSi `mos-
kovs cremlebis ar sjera~: qal-vaJi erTmaneTs exveva. patruli maT mkacrad da geslianad
III Tavi
1
medievisti _mecnieri, romelic swavlobs Sua saukuneebis dasavleT evropis istorias.
2
erosi _ berZnul miTologiaSi: siyvarulis RmerTi (romaul miTologiaSi Seesabameba kupidoni da
amuri).
3
pastoraluri _ idiliuri.
4
zigmund froidma (1856_1939) da mis mier Seqmnilma fsiqoanalizma udidesi zegavlena moaxdina XX
saukunis dasavlur kulturaze.
129
mimarTavs: àxlave SewyviteT xvevna-kocna, Tqven ra, dagaviwydaT, rom sazogadoebrivi Tav-
Seyris adgilze imyofebiT?~
dRes aSkarad meore ukiduresobaSi vimyofebiT. seqsualuri revoluciis mercxlebma TiT-
qmis ukve yvela kuTxe-kunWulSi SeaRwies. magaliTad, ukve Tavisuflad SegiZliaT xelmi-
sawvdom fasad iyidoT aTasgvari traqtatebi, ase vTqvaT, `saZineblis xelovnebis~ Sesaxeb,
erotikuli horoskopebi an induri `kamasutra~5. windaxeduli gamomcemlebi keTilsindisi-
erad wmenden amgvar gamocemebs masobrivi cnobierebisaTvis mosawyeni filosofiuri msje-
lobebisagan, yovelgvari poeziisa da romantizmisagan.
CvenTvis, dedamiwis im nawilSi mcxovrebi adamianebisTvis, romelTaTvisac XX saukunis
bolo da XXI saukunis dasawyisi gansakuTrebiT mSfoTvare da xSirad tragikulic gamodga, ero-
sis macocxlebeli Zala da amouwuravi energiis wyaroebi dRemde namdvili terra inkognita6-aa,
Tumca igi maSinac ki gvexmareba sicocxlis gagrZelebaSi, roca es TiTqos SeuZlebeli Cans . is
gvexmareba ara marto sicocxlis SenarCunebaSi, aramed SemoqmedebaSic... swored gardasaxvis
unaris mqone erosis daucxromeli aqtiuroba qmnis kulturas, warmosaxvisa da Semoqmedebis
amouwurav mravalferovnebas.
mainc ra aris siyvaruli? rogor ukavSirdeba erosi, vTqvaT, locviT eqstazs? bibliur
`qebaTa qebaSi~ naTqvamia: `radgan Zlieria sikvdiliviT siyvaruli...~ àrmuri misi cecxlis
armuria~. is gvaiZulebs moyvasisaTvis Tavdadebas, magram xSirad igive grZnoba badebs dam-
Rupvel, sasikvdilo vnebebs.
erosi saidumloebaa.
adamiani dramatuli arsebaa. yoveli Cvengani konkretuli sqesis warmomadgenelia. ada-
miani mxolod am, imTaviTve SemozRudul, sivrceSi arsebobs. mas ar SeuZlia am sazRvris ga-
dalaxva. nebismieri Cvengani samyaros aRiqvams rogorc mamakaci an rogorc qali _ adgilebis
gacvla an sicocxlis orive formis SeTavseba erT sxeulSi SeuZlebelia. magram erosi
daJinebiT gvizidavs erTmaneTisaken, ganuxorcielebeli èrTsul da erTxorc~ gadaq-
cevisken...
gansxvavebul sqesTa urTierTltolvis asaxsnelad platonma filosofiuri miTi Seqmna.
odesRac arsebobdnen mZlavri androginebi _ orsqesiani arsebebi oTxi fexiTa da oTxi xe-
liT. magram isini imdenad gaamaydnen Tavisi ZalmosilebiTa da TviTkmarobiT, rom Rmer-
Tebma maTi dasja gadawyvites da yoveli maTgani or nawilad _ qalad da kacad _ gayves. mas
Semdeg adamiani sul Tavis dakargul naxevarze naRvlobs da eZebs mas.
seqsualuri ltolvis asaxsnelad indoeTSi sxva miTi Seiqmna. indur religiaSi adamiani
mravaljer brundeba dedamiwaze da mravali sicocxliT cocxlobs. uZvelesi mistikuri
tradiciis Tanaxmad, Tuki adamians sasikvdilo sarecelze sayvareli arseba enatreba, mom-
devno sicocxleSi SeiZleba misi formiT Seisxas xorci. aRsasrulis wams warmosaxviT uerT-
deba ra usazRvrod Zvirfas arsebas, gardasaxvis kanonis Sesabamisad igi sayvarel adamians
emsgavseba. magram es mxolod aZlierebs yofierebis tragizms. rogori iqneba misi bedi axal
sxeulebriv formaSi? Seyvarebulebs veraferi SeaerTebT. mojadoebuli wris garRveva arc
sikvdils SeuZlia da arc grZnobebis zemZlavr koncentracias...
qali da mamakaci
maS, iqneb siyvaruli udidesi da daumarcxebeli vnebaa, srulyofili SeerTebis SeuZ-

leblobiT gamowveuli tanjva, sasikvdilod ganwiruli adamianis saidumloebiT moculi
swrafva erTgvari maradiuli sicocxlisaken?
siyvarulis saidumlos amoxsna, arsebiTad adamianis fenomenis Secnobis tolfasia. ne-
bismieri Cvengani xom, miuxedavad imisa, romel kulturas ekuTvnis, cdilobs martooba daZ-
lios, gadalaxos sakuTari yofierebis sazRvari da sayvarel arsebasTan SeerTebis sisavsiT
aRivsos.
III Tavi
5
kamasutra _ Cvens eramde III_IV ss. indoeli moazrovnisa da eqimis vatsianas teqsti. Zvel indur
literaturaSi miCneulia siyvarulze daweril fuZemdeblur naSromad.
6
terra inkognita _ laTinuri termini, gamoiTqmis rogorc `tera inkognita~ da niSnavs ùcnob miwas~,
130 gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT Seuswavlel, ucnob movlenas an adgils.
adamianur siyvarulSi Cadebulia poeturi Zala, romelic qmnis miTs. nikolai berdiaevis7
TqmiT, platoni genialurad Caswvda im gansxvavebas, romelic arsebobs zeciersa da miwier
afrodites8 Soris anu im gansxvavebas, romelic arsebobs, erTi mxriv, aramiwieri, piradi,
individualuri ukvdavebis momtan siyvarulsa da, meore mxriv, vulgarul, gaupirovnebel,
ase vTqvaT, bunebriv siyvaruls Soris...
rogorc Cans, erosi marTlac erT-erTi uZvelesi RmerTia, xolo siyvaruli _ universa-
luri grZnoba. dedamiwaze ar arsebobs kultura, romelSiac misi gavlena ar igrZnobodes.
erosi adamianuri bunebis ganuyofeli nawilia. magram ra ucnaurad da ganumeoreblad vlin-
deba igi calkeuli adamianebis cxovrebaSi!..
siyvarulisadmi miZRvnil msoflio literaturaSi yvelaze xSirad or saxels axseneben
xolme. erTia platoni, meore _ zigmund froidi. siyvarulis arsSi SesaRwevad gamoTqmuli
ideebis siRrmisa da Zalmosilebis TvalsazrisiT, avstrieli mecnieri marTlac SeiZleba
antikuri epoqis yvelaze didi filosofosis gverdiT davayenoT. maT saxelebTanaa dakav-
Sirebuli ori udidesi gadatrialeba siyvarulis SemecnebaSi.
orive moazrovne eross ganixilavs rogorc dasabamier mZlavr vnebas. magram rogor
unda aixsnas siyvaruli _ adamianuri bunebis es gasaocari unari? ra izidavT adamianebs
erTmaneTisken? rogor ibadeba romantikuli, idealuri gancdebi?
platonis azriT, siyvarulis saidumlos amoxsna mxolod bunebrivi wanamZRvrebiT SeuZ-
lebelia, radgan masSi Cadebulia uzarmazari aramiwieri Zala. cxadia, bunebas SeeZlo ezruna
imaze, rom qalisa da mamakacis sxeulebi anatomiurad sxvadasxvanairebi yofiliyvnen. magram
nuTu mxolod sxeulTa sxvadasxvanairobiT SeiZleba aixsnas vnebis udidesi Zala? marTla Zalian
Znelia, Tu SeuZlebeli ara, marad mTrTolvare sruliad daumorCilebeli ltolva im ubralo
mizeziT avxsnaT, rom, ase vTqvaT, mamakaci sul sxvanairadaa mowyobili, vidre qali.
gansxvavebiT froidisagan, platonma siyvaruli poeturad axsna: siyvaruli aris adami-
anis swrafva amaRlebulisadmi, silamazisadmi, zeciuri srulyofilebisadmi. es aris warsu-
li srulyofili arsebobis xsovna. WeSmaritebis, silamazisa da sikeTisaken swrafvaSi ada-
miani isxams frTebs, romelTa meSveobiTac igi ideebis didebul samyaroSi maRldeba. im sam-
yaroSi, romelSiac mTeli didebulebiT gabrwyinebuli sikeTe da silamaze mefoben. aseT ze-
ciur siyvaruls dResac `platonur siyvaruls~ uwodeben.
rasakvirvelia, platonma icoda, rom arsebobs miwieri an, berdiaevis termins Tu gamo-
viyenebT, `xalxuri~ siyvarulic, magram am Temaze saubars igi filosofosisaTvis Seufe-
rebel saqcielad Tvlida.
siyvarulis platonuri gageba mravali saukunis ganmavlobaSi muSavdeboda da viTar-
deboda jer rogorc qristianuli da mere rogorc romantikuli siyvaruli.
riT SeiZleba daviwyoT saubari romantikuli SaravandediT gasxivosnebul, yvela wina-
Robis gadamlaxvel siyvarulze? albaT Zveli aRTqmiT, radgan swored am wignSia Tavmoyrili
ZvelisZveli lirikuli simRerebi adamianis gamTangav umZafres grZnobaze. `qebaTa qeba~
Cvens eramde I I I saukunis qmnilebadaa miCneuli. man didi zegavlena moaxdina mravali xalxis
lirikuli poeziis ganviTarebaze. `qebaTa qebiTaa~ STagonebuli aleqsandre kuprinis9
qali da mamakaci
moTxroba `sulamiTi~...
siyvarulze arsebuli warmodgenebi mniSvnelovnad icvleba qristianobis zegavleniT.
qristianuli religia im periodSi iwyebs Tavis triumfalur svlas, roca barbarosebis sis-
tematuri TavdasxmebiTa da seriozuli Sinagani winaaRmdegobebiT SeWirvebul romis impe-
riaSi karga xania damkvidrebulia rogorc Zveli berZnuli, ise sxva kulturaTa tradiciebi.
`mamakacuri racionalisturi orientaciis~ mqone ZvelberZnuli kulturis mier sasacilod
agdebuli qaluri emociuroba TavSesafars axlo aRmosavleTidan mosul mistikur kultebSi
III Tavi
7
nikolai berdiaevi (1874_1948) _ rusi filosofosi.
8
afrodite _ berZnul miTologiaSi: siyvarulisa da silamazis qalRmerTi (romaul miTologiaSi Seesa-
bameba venera).
9
aleqsandr kuprini (1870_1938) _ rusi mwerali. Targmnilia qarTulad.
131
poulobs. qristianoba Camoyalibda, rogorc, erTi mxriv, ZvelberZnuli azrovnebisa da, meore
mxriv, iudaizmidan10 aRebuli mesianisturi rwmenisa da zneobis SemoqmedebiTi sinTezi. axalma
rwmenam gacilebiT Rrma da seriozuli zegavlena moaxdina adamianebis yoveldRiur
cxovrebaze, vidre moZRvrebam platonur siyvarulze.
qristianuli doqtrinis Tanaxmad, pirovneba Tavis TavSi atarebs Semoqmedis absolutu-
ri sikeTisa da siyvarulis anabeWds. Sesabamisad, realuri miwieri adamiani, misTvis dama-
xasiaTebeli ganumeorebeli fizikuri da fsiqikuri TvisebebiT, ukve warmoadgens ueWvel fa-
seulobas. sxeulebrioba, romelsac Zveli berZnebi ganadidebdnen, qristianul idealSi Se-
esabameba sulierebas.
amieridan siyvaruli ganisazRvreba rogorc Tayvaniscemis Rirsi siwminde. adamianma Ta-
vis TavSi TviTon unda aRzardos siyvaruli moyvasis mimarT.
magram iseve rogorc platonuri, calmxrivi iyo siyvarulis qristianuli gagebac. saqme
is gaxlavT, rom siyvaruli SeiZleba sxvadasxvagvari iyos _ grZnobiTi an, piriqiT, aragrZno-
biTi, egoisturi an uangaro, romantikuli an naturalisturi.
***
Suasaukuneobrivma askezam11 Tavisi kvali daatyo adamianTa grZnobad samyaros. XI_XV sau-
kuneebSi dasavleT evropaSi aRmocenda siyvarulis principulad axali gageba. es iyo e.w.
rainduli siyvaruli. misi arsi mokled ase SeiZleba CamovayaliboT: mamakaci qalis mimarT
ganmsWvalulia unazesi grZnobebiT, aRmerTebs Tavis rCeuls da mzadaa misi gulisTvis mra-
vali saqmeni sagmironi aRasrulos, magram, amave dros, sruliadac ar iswrafvis raRac ufro
metisken. aseTi siyvaruli zogjer Cveulebriv nacnobobasac ki gamoricxavda.
msoflios istoria ar icnobs analogiur fenomens. arasodes arsad, arc manamde da arc
mere, ar arsebula iseTi siyvaruli, romlisTvisac aucilebeli iqneboda SeyvarebulTa siSo-
re. dasaSvebi iyo mxolod satrfos usazRvro gaRmerTeba, gnebavT sevda da kaeSanic, magram es
unda yofiliyo ganuxorcielebeli grZnoba. kacma rom Tqvas, es iyo siyvaruli ara imdenad
realuri qalisa, ramdenadac misi xatebisa. iTvleboda, rom amis gareSe namdvili bednierebis
miRweva SeuZlebeli iyo.
kurtuazuli siyvarulis12 ayvaveba xdeba XI saukuneSi. amave epoqaSi iwyeba romis papebis mier
organizebuli jvarosnuli laSqrobebi islamis winaaRmdeg espaneTsa da palestinaSi. magram
islamur qveynebTan damyarebul kontaqtebs, jer samxreT safrangeTSi, mere ki mTel dasavleT
evropaSi, mohyva poeziis aRmoceneba, romelic xotbas asxamda qalis siyvaruls. XI _XII saukuneebSi
samxreT safrangeTSi, aRmosavleT espaneTsa da CrdiloeT italiaSi es poezia gaavrceles poetma-
momRerlebma trubadurebma, xolo odnav mogvianebiT, kerZod, XI I _XI I I saukuneebSi _ germanelma
minezingerebma, romlebmac es tradicia trubadurebisagan gadaiRes.
saraindo romanebSi qebas asxamdnen miwieri siyvarulis niadagze gancdil aTasgvar tan-
jvebs. udides bednierebad iTvleboda daukmayofilebeli vnebis gancda. Seiqmna siyvarulis
erTgvari kulti. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom qristianul gamoTqmaSi _ `RmerTi aris siyvaruli~,
sityvebma adgili Seicvales. am kultis centrSi aRmoCnda konkretuli xorcieli qali. kur-
qali da mamakaci
tuazuli siyvaruli piradi da arCeviTi grZnoba iyo.

raindi saguldagulod irCevda siyvarulis obieqts, radgan mere misi Secvla aRar SeeZ-
lo. Tavis mxriv, imisaTvis, rom qali Tayvaniscemis Rirsi gamxdariyo, unda hyoloda qmari anu
ar unda yofiliyo xelmisawvdomi. kurtuazul siyvaruls xSirad brals sdebdnen imis gamo,
rom TiTqos igi colqmrul Ralats ganadidebda da qorwinebas pativs ar scemda. magram es
Secdomaa. kurtuazuli siyvarulis mizans ar warmoadgenda colqmruli Ralati. misi erTi
III Tavi
SexedviT ùzneo xasiaTi~ ganpirobebuli iyo Suasaukuneobrivi qorwinebis bunebiT.
10
iudaizmi _ Zvel aRTqmaze dafuZnebuli iudevelTa religiuri sistema.
11
askeza _ cxovrebis wesi, romelic pasuxobs asketizmis moTxovnebs.
132 12
kurtuaziuli siyvaruli _ daxvewili, Tavaziani, rainduli siyvaruli.
kurtuazulobis arsi mdgomareobda Tavisuflad arCeul siyvarulSi. Sua saukuneebSi iT-
vleboda, rom amgvari siyvaruli miuwvdomeli iyo meuRleebisaTvis. isini xom sul sxva mizniT
qmnidnen ojaxs, vTqvaT, gvaris gasagrZeleblad, simdidris an politikuri gavlenis gasafarTo-
eblad. Rrma da gulwrfeli grZnoba mxolod ojaxs miRma SeiZleboda gaCeniliyo.
rainduli siyvarulis wesi imaSi mdgomareobda, rom raindi saidumlod dgeboda Tavisi
sayvareli arsebis samsaxurSi. es samsaxuri amaRlebda da akeTilSobilebda mas: qalbatonis
samsaxurSi rainds Tavisi simamace unda daemtkicebina. rogorc erTi Sua saukuneebis avtori
ambobda, `ra SesaniSnavi grZnobaa siyvaruli! igi nebismier adamianSi mraval dadebiT Tvisebas
aviTarebs~.
raindis damokidebuleba qalbatonTan Zalian hgavs vasalis damokidebulebas seniorTan.
erTica da meorec gulisxmobda rogorc mTel rig ormxriv uflebebs, aseve movaleobebsac.
rainds unda gaeZlo Tavisi qalbatonis mier SemoTavazebuli nebismieri gamocdisTvis. evro-
pel mefeTa karze arsebobda e.w. `siyvarulis sasamarTloebi~, romlebic SeyvarebulTa Soris
warmoqmnil davebs agvarebdnen. Cveulebriv, raindi Tavis simamaces amtkicebda turnirebsa
da orTabrZolebSi. qalbatonis keTilganwyobis mosapoveblad tanjuli raindi raRaciT mo-
nanie codvils mogvagonebs. iTvleboda, rom yoveli warmatebiT Cabarebuli gamocda Seyvare-
bulebis daaxloebas uwyobda xels.
kurtuazuli siyvarulis xasiaTi da wesebi didwilad ganpirobebuli iyo samxedro aris-
tokratiis swrafviT gamijvnodnen glexebsa da sasuliero fenas. rainduli Rirsebis kodeq-
sTan erTad aristokratiam Seqmna mTeli rituali, romelic miznad isaxavda raindis rogorc
meomris srulyofas.
mravali kulturologi fiqrobs, rom romis imperiis dacemis droidan dasavleT evropa-
Si kurtuazuloba da kurtuazuli humanizmi aRmoCnda kulturis ganviTarebis yvelaze mZlavri
faqtori.
***
Sua saukuneebSi kurtuazuli siyvaruli erTgvari gmiroba iyo, magram isic unda iTqvas,
rom es gmiroba siyvaruls raRac arabunebriv, usicocxlo movlenad aqcevda. grZnobieri siy-
varulis `reabilitacia~ iwyeba aRorZinebis epoqaSi. sakmarisia wavikiTxoT jovani bokaCos
`dekameroni~13, raTa davinaxoT ra mniSvnelovani gansxvavebaa Suasaukuneobrivsa da aRor-
Zinebis siyvarulis idealebs Soris. mogvianebiT am saqmeSi Tavisi wvlili Seitanes jer
ganmanaTleblobam14, mere romantizmma15 da burJuaziuli sazogadoebis kulturam. da mainc, am
Temis amowurva ver SeZles TviT iseTma frangma mwerlebmac ki, rogorebic iyvnen stendali16,
onore balzaki17, gustav floberi18, gi de mopasani19 da emil zola20. am saqmeSi namdvili
revoluciis moxdena dakavSirebulia zigmund froidis saxelTan, romelmac siyvarulis arsis
Sesacnobad mkveTrad uaryo platoniseuli idealizmi da iseT siRrmeebs Caswvda, romlebic
Zalian didi xnis manZilze tabuirebuli21 iyo.
qali da mamakaci
13
jovani bokaCo (1313_1375) _ italieli mwerali. misi `dekameroni~ Targmnilia qarTulad.
14
ganmanaTlebloba _ XVIII saukunis meore naxevris evropaSi dawyebuli sazogadoebriv-politikuri
mimdinareoba, romlis warmomadgenelTa azriT zneoba, politika da yofa SeiZleba Seicvalos sikeTisa
da samarTlianobis ideebisa da mecnieruli codnis gavrcelebiT. cnobili ganmanaTleblebi iyvnen
volteri, ruso, monteskie, dalamberi, didro, holbaxi, herderi, lesingi, Sileri, goeTe da sxvebi.
15
romantizmi _ ideur-mxatvruli mimarTuleba XVIII saukunis miwurulisa da XIX saukunis dasawyisis
evropaSi. Secvala manamde arsebuli klasicizmi.
III Tavi
16
stendali (anri beili) (1783_1842) _ frangi mwerali.
17
onore balzaki (1799_1850) _ frangi mwerali.
18
gustav floberi (1821_1880) _ frangi mwerali.
19
gi de mopasani (1850_1893) _ frangi mwerali.
20
emil zola (1821_1902) _ frangi mwerali.
21
tabu _ akrZalva.
133
froidis Sromebma revolucia moaxdines, pirvel rigSi, codnis konkretul sferoSi: gaC-
nda azrovnebis mTeli mimarTuleba, romelsac `fsiqoanalizi~ daerqva. Tumca yvelaze mTa-
vari albaT mainc is aris, rom fsiqoanalizma dasavleT evropeli adamianis cxovrebis wesi
Secvala. fsiqoanalitikuri praqtika gaxda kulturuli faqtori. dRes TiTqmis yvela ev-
ropeli da amerikeli regularulad mimarTavs fsiqoanalitikoss daxmarebisa da rekomen-
daciebis misaRebad. es praqtika saeklesio aRsarebis saero Semcvleli gaxda. seqsualur re-
voluciasTan erTad, romelic aseve didwilad ganpirobebuli iyo fsiqoanalizis warmate-
biT, radikalurad Secvales dasavluri samyaros yvelaze fundamenturi faseulobiTi orien-
tirebi. Tumca, miuxedavad yvela cvlilebisa, erosma mxolod saxe Seicvala. adamianis cxov-
rebidan igi arsad gamqrala.
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
daakvirdiT teqstis avtoris mizandasaxulobas, azrovnebisa da argumentaciis maneras,

naSromis stils da gansazRvreT, ra saxis teqstTan gvaqvs saqme.
teqstis analizi
1. iseve rogorc ruseTSi, dRes CvenSiac Tavisuflad iyideba aTasgvari sasiyvarulo traq-
tatebi da erotikuli horoskopebi. ris simptomad miaCnia rus mecniers amgvari vi-
Tareba? Tqven rogor gaaanalizebT am movlenas?
2. aron gureviCis TqmiT, CvenTvis, postsabWoTa sivrceSi mcxovrebi adamianebisTvis,
dasavlur samyarosTan SedarebiT, erosis macocxlebeli Zalisa da misi amouwuravi ener-
giis saidumloebani `tera inkognitad~ darCa. mecnieri gulisxmobs im izolacias ev-
ropuli kulturisagan, romelSiac TiTqmis mTeli XX saukunis ganmavlobaSi imyofe-
bodnen sabWoTa kavSirSi mcxovrebi xalxebi. teqstis mixedviT am drois ganmavlobaSi
ra moxda am TvalsazrisiT aseTi mniSvnelovani dasavlur kulturaSi?
3. im informaciaze dayrdnobiT, romelsac gureviCis naSromSia mocemuli, gansazRvreT,
ZiriTadad riTi gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisagan platonisa da froidis siyvarulis kon-
cefciebi? romeli met interess aRZravs TqvenSi? ratom?
4. rogor axasiaTebs a. gureviCi kurtuazul siyvaruls? ratom sdebdnen aseT siyvaruls
bralad, TiTqos igi pativs ar scemda qorwinebas? damajereblad geCvenebaT am mosaz-
qali da mamakaci
rebis sawinaaRmdegod gureviCis mier moxmobili argumenti? ratom?

5. ra gansxvavebaa siyvarulis Suasaukuneobriv da aRorZinebis idealebs Soris?
6. moyolebuli aRorZinebis epoqidan ZiriTadad romeli mimarTulebiT ganviTarda siy-
varulis ideali dasavleT evropaSi, RvTaebrivi Tu miwieri mimarTulebiT?
III Tavi
Tvalsazrisi
imisaTvis, rom erotikuli gamovlinebisadmi rusuli sazogadoebis damokidebuleba gvaC-

venos, a. gureviCi ixsenebs mxatvrul films `moskovs cremlebis ar sjera~ (nanaxi gaqvT Tu ara
134
es filmi?). Tumca iqve dasZens, rom dRes rusuli sazogadoeba meore ukiduresobaSi imyofeba.
rogori viTareba iyo da aris am mxriv Cvens sazogadoebaSi? gaixseneT Sesabamisi magaliTebi
literaturidan, Teatraluri da kino xelovnebidan, yofidan. Tqveni azriT, ra tendenciebi
sWarbobs dRes qarTul kulturasa da yofaSi? Tqveni Tvalsazrisi gaamyareT konkretuli
magaliTebiT. davaleba SeasruleT werilobiT.
interpretaciebi
1. giorgi merCules mier X saukuneSi `grigol xanZTelis cxovrebaSi~ aRwerili aSot

kurapalatisa da misi sayvareli qalis urTierTobis motivebze vasil barnovma22 XX
saukuneSi Seqmna romani `trfoba wamebuli~.
waikiTxeT orive nawarmoebi da imsjeleT, rogor aisaxeba erTi da igive sasiyvarulo

istoria droSi ase daSorebul qarTveli mwerlebis teqstebSi.
2. a. gureviCis teqstidan ukve iciT, rom rus mwerals aleqsandr kuprins bibliuri `qeba-
Ta qebis~ motivebze dawerili aqvs vrceli moTxroba `sulamiTi~. arsebobs gasuli sa-
ukunis 60-ian wlebSi gamomcemloba `sabWoTa saqarTvelos~ mier qarTulad gamocemuli
a. kuprinis samtomeuli. biblioTekaSi moZebneT am gamocemis me-2 tomi da waikiTxeT
moTxroba `sulamiTi~. cxadia, unda waikiTxoT `qebaTa qebac~. am SemTxvevaSic erTi da
imave sasiyvarulo istoriis or interpretaciasTan gvaqvs saqme.
imsjeleT, riTi hgvanan da riTi gansxvavdebian es interpretaciebi? rogor ganixilaven

siyvaruls ori sruliad gansxvavebuli epoqis avtorebi? romeli metad exeba Tqvens
Sinagan samyaros, romel interpretacias aRiqvamT ufro emociurad? esTetikuri da
mxatvruli TvalsazrisiT romel teqsts aniWebT upiratesobas da ratom?
rogorc erT, ise meore SemTxvevaSi miRebuli daskvnebi ganazogadeT da mieciT eses for-
ma. saTaurad daarqviT ìnterpretaciebi~ (SegiZliaT saTauri Tqveni gemovnebiT SearCioT).
prezentacia
rogorc iciT, SoTa rusTavelis `vefxistyaosnis~ daweris zusti TariRi CvenTvis ucno-
bia, magram rogorc mecnierebi varaudoben, es poema daaxloebiT X I I saukuneSi unda iyos Seqni-
li. anu es is droa, roca dasavleT evropaSi e. w. kurtuazuli siyvaruli yvavis. Tqveni sapre-
zentacio moxsenebis momzadebis dros gaiTvaliswineT is mosazrebebi, romlebsac aron gu-
reviCi gvTavazobs am fenomenis Sesaxeb. misi Sexedulebebi SeadareT mijnurobis rusTvelur
gagebas. msgavseba-gansxvavebani samuSao rveulSi CamowereT, rom muSaoba gagiadvildeT.
amosaval debulebad gaixadeT a. gureviCis mosazreba imis Taobaze, rom `msoflios isto-
ria ar icnobs dasavleT evropuli kurtuazuli siyvarulis msgavs fenomens~. Tqveni amocanaa
daadasturoT an uaryoT es Tvalsazrisi.
qali da mamakaci
imisaTvis, rom am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT Tqvenma naazrevma ufro srulyofili da sainte-

reso saxe miiRos, wasakiTxad gTavazobT or teqsts. pirvelis avtoria Tamaz natroSvili (frag-
menti amoRebulia misi wignidan `maSriyiT maRribamde~). meore nawyveti ki _ geronti qiqoZis
eseebidan `Tamar mefisa da SoTa rusTavelis portretisaTvis~ da `SoTa rusTaveli~.
***
III Tavi
`trubadurTa poezia, warmoqmnili X I _ X I I ss. safrangeTSi, kerZod, provansSi, iTvleba

msoflio literaturis erT-erT RirsSesaniSnav movlenad.
22
vasil barnovi (1856_1934) _ qarTveli mwerali, qarTuli istoriuli romanis fuZemdebeli.
135
dResdReobiT aRnusxulia xuTasamde trubaduris saxeli. maT Soris aris xuTi mefe, mra-
vali feodali, ramdenime sasuliero piri, vaWrebi, xelosnebi, wvrilfexa kariskacebi.
sagulisxmoa, rom xuTasi poetidan ocdaaTi miekuTvneba mSvenier sqess...
trubadurTa poeziis umTavres Temas warmoadgens mijnuroba. misi `kanonebis~ codna auci-
lebeli iyo mijnurisaTvis da miT umetes _ trubadurisTvis, romelic Txzavda samijnuro
leqsebs, TviTonve qmnida melodias da TviTonve mReroda.
trubadurebi amtkicebdnen, rom siyvaruli akeTilSobilebs da amaRlebs adamianis suls,
ajildoebs mijnurs simReris niWiT. ar SeiZleba iyos poeti, vinc mijnuri araa da, piriqiT,
garduvalia mijnuris gadaqceva poetado.
trubadurTa mijnurobis obieqtad, TiTqmis yovelTvis gvevlineba gaTxovili qali.
aRniSnuli movlena gamoxatavda adamianis grZnobaTa bunebriv protests aristokratiis
wreebSi gabatonebuli qorwinebis tipis mimarT, rodesac ganmsazRvreli motivi qorwinebi-
saTvis iyo mSobelTa qonebrivi an dinastiuri interesebi da ara TviT qal-vaJis grZnobebi da
neba-survili.
...provanselTa rainduli siyvaruli aSkarad miiswrafvis colqmruli erTgulebis darR-
vevisaken da poetebi gatacebiT umRerian am miswrafebas.
magram zogierTi trubaduri xotbas asxamda platonur Tu calmxriv mijnurobas. erTi
maTganis leqsSi vkiTxulobT: `me vlocav siyvaruls imitom, rom maiZula arCeva misi, vinc
xelsa mkravs. sapasuxo grZnoba rom gaCeniliyo, maSin aRar momiwevda cremlis Rvra, ar meco-
dineboda arc oxvra, arc sevda, arc imedi, arc sasowarkveTa da arc vedrebani~.
srulyofili mijnurobisaTvis savaldebulo iyo tanjva da ganuxorcielebeli ocneba.
trubadurebs mijnuri ahyavdaT Tvalmiuwvdomel piedestalze, misgan elodnen yvela sike-
Tes da evedrebodnen, rogorc RvTaebas. eqstravaganturi kulti qalisa _ ai, ra aris tru-
badurTa gamosarCevi niSani. maTi leqsebi daxunZlulia religiur warmodgenaTa sferodan
nasesxebi gamoTqmebiT: mowyaleba, vedreba, xateba, Tayvaniscema, gaRmerTeba.
trubadurebi amtkicebdnen, rom mijnurobisa araferi esmis imas, vinc moTminebiT ar elo-
deba mowyalebas, rameTu mijnurobis wesi da kanonia xangrZlivi lodiniT daitanjos mij-
nurio.
amgvari mijnuroba warmoqmnis trubadurTa poeziaSi hiperbolur saxeebsa da motivebs.
poetisaTvis Zvirfasi xdeba misi qalbatonis mTeli naTesaoba, Zvirfasi xdeba qveyana, sadac
igi cxovrobs da haeri, romelsac igi sunTqavs.
`rodesac Cemamde aRwevs grili sio Tqveni kuTxidan, ase mgonia, samoTxis niavi mealerse-
ba~, _ aRtacebiT umJRavnebs Tavis mijnurs saxelganTqmuli trubaduri bernar de ventador-
ni. siyvaruli cvlis yvela mis SegrZnebas, yinva eCveneba TeTr da yviTel yvavilebad, xolo
sastiki qari da kokispiruli wvima axalisebs da amxnevebs uimedod gamijnurebuls. magram
mSvenieri qalbatoni niSnad keTilganwyobisa imetebs mxolod Rimils da zogjer _ kocnas,
rogorc umaRles jildos.
bolos da bolos trubaduris mijnuroba iZens vasaluri samsaxuris iers.
`me Tqveni qveSevrdomi var, qalbatono, _ warmoTqvams zemoaRniSnuli bernar de venta-
dorni, _ samaradisod gadavde Tavi, rom Tqven gemsaxuroT da Seborkili var am ficiT... me
qali da mamakaci
Tqveni nivTi var, SegiZliaT gamyidoT anda gamasaCuqroT~.

Tamaz natroSvili
***
`qarTuli feodaluri literatura da xelovneba Tavisi ayvavebis periodSi, saxeldobr,
meTerTmete-meTormete saukuneebSi, xSirad detalebSic waagavs amave drois evropul lite-
III Tavi
raturasa da xelovnebas, magram is gamoxatavs ufro dawinaurebuli, ufro Tavisuflad moaz-

rovne, klasikuri saberZneTisa da romis msofliosTan ufro mWidrod dakavSirebuli sazo-
gadoebis ideologias. bagrat meoTxis, daviT aRmaSeneblis da giorgi mesamis qronikebi, ioane
136 petriwonelis23 da efrem mcires24 filosofiuri da filologiuri kvleva-Ziebani, SavTelis25
da CaxruxaZis26 odebi, SoTa rusTavelis `vefxistyaosani~, Semdeg axtalis, beTaniis, yinwvisis,
ubisis freskebi namdvili renesansis suliTaa gamsWvaluli. meTerTmete-meTormete saukune-
ebis mowinave qarTuli sazogadoeba SeiZleba Tavisi gonebrivi interesebiT da kulturuli
doniT ufro axlo idges meToTxmete-meTxuTmete saukunis ganaTlebul florencielebTan,
vidre Tavis TanamedroveebTan, tlanq dasavleT evropel jvarosnebTan...
SeiZleba rusTavelis mier sagnebis da adamianebis Rrma codna ise arsad Candes, rogorc
siyvarulis vnebis asaxvaSi. gavixsenoT, rogor xatavs siyvarulis pirvel gaRviZebas, maga-
liTad, misi ufrosi Tanamedrove frangi truveri27, `tristanisa da izoldas~ avtori. tris-
tanisa da izoldas sabediswero siyvaruli, romelic maTi daRupviT mTavrdeba, jadoqrobis
Sedegia: is gamowveulia Selocvili sasmeliT, romelic qal-vaJma, sruliad SemTxveviT,
erTad dalia. izoldas rom siyvarulis samsala tristanTan ki ara, markoz mefesTan erTad
daelia, rogorc es Tavdapirvelad dedamisis mier iyo ganzraxuli, es axalgazrda qali mudam
Tavisi kanonieri qmris erTguli iqneboda da tristans ar gaumijnurdeboda. siyvarulis war-
moSobis aseTi gageba dRes sruliad ucxoa CvenTvis.
gadavideT axla `vefxistyaosnis” mTavar gmirebze. nestani da tarieli bavSvobaSi erTad
izrdebodnen. roca qali Svidi wlisa gaxda, xolo vaJma òmSi Sesvla” SeZlo, rac Sua saukune-
ebSi feodalebisa da raindebis wreSi Zlier adre xdeboda, isini erTmaneTs daaSores. tarieli
spartanulad cxovrobs, nadirobs, burTaobs. erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi Tavis gardacvlil mamas
glovobs; aseTi cxovreba xels uwyobs jansaRi da Zlieri grZnobebis gaRviZebas. nestani ufro
ganmartoebiT cxovrobs sagangebod misTvis agebul sasaxleSi, swavlobs mamidis xelmZRvane-
lobiT, nards TamaSobs. aseTi cxovreba xSirad xels uwyobs mgrZnobiarobis gaRrmavebas. erT
dRes nadirobidan dabrunebuli vaJi, mxevlis mier azidul sarafardis ukan, sruliad mou-
lodnelad xedavs Tavis bavSvobis megobars, romlis saxe albaT sTvlemda mis qveSecnobil
sulier cxovrebaSi; mxolod is ukve bavSvi ki ara, mowifuli qaliSvilia. da ai masSi uZleveli
vneba iRviZebs, siyvarulis warmoSobis aseTi gageba sruliad bunebrivia Cveni TvalsazrisiT.
aviRoT meore magaliTi, avTandili ufro dardimand, gonebadamjdar, ganaTlebul kacad
gvevlineba. is ufro civi temperamentiTaa dajildoebuli da vnebaTa Relvis STagonebas xSi-
rad gulgrilad awon-dawonili gonieri sabuTebiT axSobs. trfobis grZnobas is ise ar hyavs
damorCilebuli, rogorc tarieli an ramini, romelic satrfos eubneba, dRisa sinaTle Senisa
pirisagan maqvs da Ramisa sibnele Senisa Tmisagano. misTvis samyaro ar isazRvreba martooden
satrfoTi, mijnurobaze maRla is megobrobas ayenebs, pirvels minanqars adarebs, meores _
iagunds. misTvis siyvaruli ar aris marto Smagoba, rogorc tarielisTvis, is ramdenadme
brZnuli xelovnebac aris.
es dasrulebuli raindi, es stoikosebis da ovidiusis28 mowafe ramdenime wliT swydeba im
sazogadoebas, sadac is trialebda: jer tariels eZebs, Semdeg nestan-darejans. am xangrZlivi
mogzaurobis wlebSi is jansaR mamakacad rCeba, jansaRi grZnobebiTa da vnebaTaRelviT. amitom
adamianurad gasagebia, rom roca udabnoSi xetialiTa da varskvlavebis Tu gareuli mxecebis
sazogadoebiT, cota ar iyos, daqanculi da mowyenili avTandili mdidar da keTilmowyobil
qalaqSi Sedis, is sindisis uqenjnelad isvenebs vnebiani da sandomiani fatmanis mkerdze.
bolos gavixsenoT tarielis mier lomisa da vefxvis daxocvis epizodi, romelic rogorc
qali da mamakaci
azrovnebis siRrmis, ise mxatvruli ostatobis TvalsazrisiT uciloblad erT-erTi sauke-

Teso adgilia `vefxistyaosanSi~. mTeli es scena, jer lomisa da vefxis sasiyvarulo alersi
da Semdeg daundobeli SebrZoleba, tarielis mier vefxvSi nestan-darejanis msgavsebis aR-
moCena, jer misi mialerseba da Semdeg mokvla, amtkicebs rom SoTa rusTavels mSvenivrad
esmoda bunebis Sinagani mTlianobis idea; mas esmoda im msoflmxedvelobis Rrma azri, rom-
23
ioane petriwoneli _ X I _ X I I saukuneebis qarTveli filosofosi.
III Tavi
24
efrem mcire _ X I saukunis meore naxevris qarTveli filologi.
25
ioane SavTeli _ X I I _ X I I I saukuneebis qarTveli poeti, sasuliero moRvawe.
26
CaxruxaZe _ X I I _ X I I I saukuneebis qarTveli poeti, `Tamarianis~ avtori.
27
truverebi _ Sua saukuneebis frangi poetebi. Txzavdnen rogorc lirikul, aseve epikur nawarmo-
ebebs. ganicades trubadurebis pirdapiri da sakmaod Zlieri zegavlena.
28
ovidiusi (Zv.w. 43 _ ax.w. 17) _ romaeli poeti. saxeli gaiTqva erotikuli leqsebiT.
137
lis niadagze mdgomare egviptel faraonebs da asurel mefeebs did qebad miaCndaT, roca maT
gauxednel mozvrebs an onavar mxecebs adarebdnen. SoTa rusTavels kargad esmoda isic, rom
qal-vaJis siyvaruli aris ara marto Seyra, aramed Setakebac, rom sqesobriv siyvarulSi aris
brZolis da siZulvilis momentic, rom is sabediswerod uaxlovdeba sikvdils.
riT aixsneba, rom SoTa rusTavels aseTi swori warmodgena hqonda siyvarulis warmo-
Sobasa da ganviTarebaze, rom is mijnurebs raRac ganuWvretel burusSi ar xvevda, rogorc
es xSirad Sua saukuneebis mwerlebs sCveviaT, rom is mijnurobas sTvlida ara belzebelis29
senad an jadoqrobad, aramed adamianis ZalTa sisavsis gamoxatulebad? albaT piradi
gamocdilebiTac. vinc mijnuri araa, is arc mamakaciao, naTqvamia `visramianSi~30. xolo So-
Ta rusTaveli rom yovelmxrivad srulqmnili mamakaci iyo da ara marto mijnurobis wese-
bis kanonmdebeli da Sairobis sibrZnis Teoretikosi, es yvelaferi cxadi unda iyos, visac
`vefxistyaosnis~ aRgznebuli striqonebi ganucdia...
garda piradi gamocdilebisa, siyvarulis grZnobis swor asaxvaSi, SoTa rusTavelisaT-
vis SeeZlo xeli Seewyo qarTuli da saerTaSoriso literaturis im did codnas, rasac is
amJRavnebs Tavis poemaSi. `vefxistyaosanSi~ dasaxelebuli an nagulisxmevia platoni, fax-
redin gurganeli (`visramianis~ avtori), nizami31, espaneTis ebrael-arabi mwerali ezrosi,
romelmac piradad ganicada tragikuli siyvaruli Tavisi biZaSvilisadmi, da sxv.
bolos, SoTa rusTavels mdidar fsiqologiur masalas miscemda mis garSemo arsebuli
aristokratiuli sazogadoebis cxovrebis dakvirveba, sadac vnebaTa Relva aseT did rols
asrulebda. gavixsenoT mraval motrfialeTa `SoriT bneda, SoriT kvdoma~ Tamar mefis guli-
saTvis; Semdeg laSa giorgis mier drostareba rindebTan da qalebTan erTad da misi romani
veliscixel qalTan, misi dis _ rusudan dedoflis mijnuroba sasaxleSi mZevlad aRzrdil
vaJTan (ortulis SvilTan), ulu daviTis colis, esuqan dedoflisa da ujarmeli Wyondideli
episkoposis romani, romelic tragikulad dasrulda: mefem Tavisi colis sayvareli sikvdi-
liT dasaja, magram TviT mowamlul iqna SurismaZiebeli dedoflis mier. bolos gavixsenoT
poligamiuri midrekilebani mefe dimitri Tavdadebulisa, romelsac erTad sami coli hyavda:
trapizoneli princesa, mongolTa noinis qali da samcxis aTabagis beqas asuli naTela, deda
giorgi brwyinvalisa. marTalia, ukanasknelad moxsenebuli faqtebi `vefxistyaosnis~ daweris
Semdgom periods ekuTvnis, magram maTi xelisSemwyobi sazogadoebrivi atmosfero, albaT rus-
Tavelis drosac da masze winac arsebobda. amas adasturebs Tundac is romantikuli epizodebi,
romelic Tamar mefis winadroindel mematianeebs da giorgi merCules aqvT moxsenebuli.
Tu am mravalmxrivi literaturuli da social-fsiqologiuri gavlenebis miuxedavad rus-
Tavelma siyvarulis sruliad Taviseburi ideali dasaxa, romelic arc platonuria da arc
tlanqad sensualisturi32, arc mistikuria da arc inteleqtualuri, aramed Taviseburad rus-
Taveluria, es misi SemoqmedebiTi gonebis didi originalobiT aixsneba...
rusTavelis gmirebis siyvaruli arc faxredin gurganelis gmirebis siyvaruliviT mZaf-
rad sensualisturia da arc wminda inteleqtualuri grZnoba, `siyvaruli Soreuli prin-
cesisadmi~, romelsac xSirad ugalobdnen misi Tanamedrove provanseli trubadurebi. mra-
val dabrkolebaTa gadalaxvis Semdeg, rusTavelis qal-vaJni mainc am qveyanaSi erTdebian...
gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa is, rom rusTavelis rwmeniT, megobrobis momenti Semadge-
qali da mamakaci
nel nawilad Sedis TviT trfobaSic. nestani da tarieli, TinaTini da avTandili marto mijnu-
rebi ki ara, megobrebic arian, isini erTmaneTs ise ucqerian, rogorc Tanasworni TanasworT.
maTTvis ucxoa is fsiqologia, romelic Sua saukuneebis rainds xSirad Tavs amcirebinebda
sayvareli mandilosnis winaSe; maTTvis gaugebaria is fsiqologiac, romelic vnebiT anTebul
eloizas aTqmevinebda abelaris33 mimarT: _ me mesiamovneba Sens nandaurad, sayvarlad, gasar-
Tobad, xasad, garyvnil qalad viwodebodeo...
III Tavi
29
belzebeli _ avi suli, eSmaki.
30
`visramiani~ _ X I saukunis sparseli poetis faxredin gurganelis samijnuro poema. X I I saukunis
pirvel naxevarSi Sesrulda prozauli qarTuli Targmani.
31
nizami (1141_1203) _ azerbaijaneli poeti.
138 32
sensualisturi _ mxolod xorciel grZnobebze damyarebuli.
SoTa rusTavelis SexedulebiT uzenaesi siyvaruli mxolod rCeulTa xvedria. is eniT
Znelad gamosaTqmeli saidumloebaa. misi miwvdoma SeuZlebelia martooden gonebiT, is erT-
gvari Smagobaa, romelic adamianis aRmafrenas da RvTaebasTan daaxloebas iwvevs. siyvaruli
aris tanjva anu lmoba; sikvdili tanjvis dasasrulia, magram is ar aris siyvarulis dasas-
ruli: siyvaruli ufro Zlieria, vidre TviT sikvdili, gardacvlili mijnurebi RvTaebaSi,
mzis sinaTleSi erTdebian. meore, ufro mdabali dargis trfoba misawvdomia Cveulebrivi
mokvdavisaTvis. `dRes erTi undes, xvale sxva, sTmobden gayrisa lmobasa”.
geronti qiqoZe
qali da mamakaci
III Tavi
33
pier abelars (1079_1142) _ cnobil frang RvTismetyvelsa da filosofoss, sasiyvarulo urTier-
Toba hqonda Tavis mowafe qalTan, eloizasTan. eloizas gamzrdeli biZa, kanonikosi (kaTolikur eklesiaSi
kaTedraluri taZris mRvdeli) fulberi, ver daakmayofila SeyvarebulTa farulma jvrisweram, ramde-
nime kacis TanxlebiT RamiT Sin Seuvarda abelars da daasaWurisebina. amis Semdeg abelaric da eloizac
monasterSi aRikvecnen. maTi mimowerisgan Sedgenili wigns yovelTvis siamovnebiT kiTxulobdnen dasav-
leT evropaSi. mas dRemde ar daukargavs mniSvneloba.
139
§ II
avtoris Sesaxeb
`guram asaTiani Tavis `saTaveebSi~1 Tamaz natroSvilis wignze `maSri-

yiT maRribamde~2 ambobs, SesaniSnavi, marTlac xelixelsagogmanebeli wig-
niao.
ra SeiZleba iwvevdes aseT aRtacebas?
cxadia, saamisod ar kmara Tund maxvilgonivruli migneba, axleburi
Tamaz ganmarteba an miCqmalul realiaTa warmoCena: aq raRac ufro meti igu-
natroSvili lisxmeba; da es ufro meti is sisrule da gamomsaxvelobaa, STambeWdavad
Tanamedrove rom gadagviSlis Tvalwin gardasul suraTebsac da istoriul pirTa por-
qarTveli
mwerali
tretebsac. da rac mTavaria, gvagrZnobinebs istoriis suls, migvaaxloebs
`popularuli ga- im farul nakadebTan, gaqroba Tu daviwyeba rom eloda, axla ki mtkiced
moTqma _ istoria aRibeWdeba erovnul fsiqikaSi da warsulsac Segvacnobinebs da masSi Ca-
cxovrebis maswav- budebul maradisobasac. aseT wignTa mniSvneloba da mxatvrul-ideuri
lebeli ariso _
xSirad ver amar- zegavlena gansakuTrebulia; maTgan mogvrili uRrmesi STabeWdileba maSi-
Tlebs Tavis Sina- nac gviyoliebs axal-axali Ziebebisa da ganzogadebisaken, uSualod romc
arss da moxdenil ar vikvlevdeT im epoqebs. iqneb verc ki movixsenioT, anda mxolod kerZo
aforizmad rCeba~.
realiis dasazusteblad movixmaroT, magram dabejiTebiT vgrZnobT: uima-
T. natroSvili
Tod ase Tamamad ver SevyvebodiT gzas idumalebaSi gaxveuli sivrceebi-
saken~.
rostom CxeiZe
Tamaz natroSvili
mdinareni ver warRvnian
mudam swyalobda ufali daviTs, Tavisi mfarvelobis kalTa gadaafina da aranair sikeTes
ar iSurebda. ubralo mwyemsi gamoarCia aTasTagan da didebis gzaze daayena.
ufali rom ar yofiliyo misi mfarveli, orTabrZolaSi uabjrod, uxmlod, umuzaradod
gasuli, Surdulisa da xuTiode qvis amara, rogor daamarcxebda filistimelTa mZimed
aRWurvil morkinals, goliaTi rom erqva saxelad da romelsac veravin Sehbeda gamklaveboda.
daviTi uflis saxeliTa da uflisave imediT gavida sabrZolvelad, ar Seepua goliaTis Subsa
da far-SimSers, vinaidan ufali mfarvelobda mas.
qali da mamakaci
swored am moulodnelma da gasaocarma gamarjvebam uZlevel goliaTze misca dasabami

daviTis aRzevebas.
sul maRla da maRla midioda daviTi da ufali masTan iyo.
mudam Wkvianurad iqceoda daviTi da ufali masTan iyo.
arasodes Ralatobda zegardmo mcnebas daviTi da ufali masTan iyo.
mefe saulze meti siyvaruli moixveWa xalxSi daviTma da mefe sauli SuriT aRivso, goneba
daubnelda da orjer scada daviTis mokvla, magram ufali kvlav masTan iyo da orjerve aac-
III Tavi
dina mefis mier natyorcni Subi.
1
`saTaveebi~ _ guram asaTianis (1928_1982) wigni, romelSiac igi qarTul xasiaTsa da esTetikur bunebas
ikvlevs.
140 2
`maSriyiT maRribamde~ _ Tamaz natroSvilis istoriuli eseebis krebuli.
mudam swyalobda ufali daviTs.
mudam masTan iyo ufali.
mixvda daviTi, rom ufals mtkiced hyavda dadgenili igi mefed israelisa, rCeuli eris
rCeul mefed.
axla ki ra moxda, agrerigad ram ganarisxa ufali, ratom evedreba Zlevamosili mefe israelisa
Tavis uzenaes mfarvelsa da qomags, SeZrwunebuli da sasowarkveTili ratom evedreba?
ase ratom emudareba: `Semiwyale RmerTo Seni wyalobisamebr, Seni mravali Sebralebisa-
mebr waSale Cemi danaSauli. mravlad ganmbane Cemi bralisagan da Cemi codvisagan ganmwminde.
radgan vici Cemi danaSauli da Cemi codva mudam Tvalwin midgas... momasmenine lxini da
mxiaruleba, gaaxare Cemi Zvlebi, Sen rom daTrgune...~
Sen xar is kaci!

jari saomrad iyo wasuli, xolo daviT mefe ierusalimSi darCa. erTxelac, mwuxris Jams,
sasaxlis banze seirnobda da uecrad Tvali Seavlo, rom mezoblad gaSenebuli baRis wyalsa-
tevSi banaobda pirmSvenieri qali. saswrafod gagzavna msaxuri ambis gasagebad. moaxsenes: qals
saxelad bersabe hqvia, uria xeTelis coli ariso. daviTs bevri aRar ufiqria, qali sasaxleSi
daibara da Seiyvara.
gamoxda xani da SeuTvala qalma mefes, orsulad varo. qmari ki omSi hyavda wasuli. ixmes
xsenebuli uria xeTeli mefesTan. gamohkiTxa omis ambavi, mere guluxvad daasaCuqra da Sin
gaistumra, daisveneo. magram uria uzomod erTguli iyo mefisa, Sin ar wasula, mefis sasaxlis
karTan gaaTia Rame.
mere daviTma isev saomrad wargzavna Tavisi erTguli yma da werili gaatana sardal ioabis
saxelze. ubrZanebda: uria xeTeli iq daayeneT, sadac cxare brZola mogeliT da mere miatoveT,
rom moklano.
mefis brZaneba uyoymanod Seasrules. bersabem mwared daitira Tavisi qmari. glovis dRe-
ebi rom gasrulda, daviTma colad SeirTo bersabe, romelmac mas uSva vaJi.
daviTis mier Cadenilma borotmoqmedebam uflis wyroma gamoiwvia. mefesTan miavlina na-
Tan winaswarmetyveli da man uambo mefes igavi:
erT qalaqSi cxovrobda ori kaci _ mdidari da Raribi. mdidars uamravi cxvar-Zroxa hyav-
da, xolo Raribs araferi gaaCnda erTi patara batknis garda. SviliviT zrdida, SviliviT
uyvarda.
erT mSvenier dRes stumari ewvia mdidars. Tavisi cxvar-Zroxidan veraferi gaimeta da-
saklavad, stumars rom gamaspinZleboda da Rarib kacs wahgvara is erTaderTi, SviliviT na-
zardi batkani...
aqamde mSvidad ismenda daviTi igavs, axla ki ganrisxda da wamoiZaxa: ufalsa vficav, amg-
vari saqcielis Camdeni sikvdilis Rirsi ariso.
maSin naTanma jiqur miaxala: Sen xar is kaci!
`Sevcode ufals~, _ aRmoxda daviTs.
ufalma mogiteva codva, ar mokvdebi, oRond Svili mogikvdebao, _ auwya naTanma.
qali da mamakaci
ver gasWra daviTis locva-vedrebam. uflis ganaCeni garduvali iyo. mZimed dasneulda
axalSobili Svili mefisa da meSvide dRes suli ganuteva.
magram sasjeli amiT ar amowurula.
ratom daiviwye sityva uflisa da boroteba Caidineo? ratom mohkali uria xeTeli da co-
li misi colad moiyvaneo? amieridan samaradisod saxls Sensa maxvili ar moscildebao, _ ase-
Ti iyo neba uflisa.
III Tavi
da, ra Tqma unda, sazareli ambebi erTimeores gadaeba: daviTis pirmSo amnoni namuss axdis
Tavis das Tamars. SurisZiebis wyurviliT Sepyrobili Ze daviTisa abesalomi klavs amnons,
mere mamas aujanydeba, brZolaSi marcxdeba da gaqcevisas iRupeba.
da moTqvams gulmokluli mefe daviTi: `Svilo Cemo abesalom! abesalom Svilo Cemo! netav
141
Sens magivrad me movekali sikvdils! abesalom, Svilo, Cemo!~
ambavi veliscixeli qalisa
popularuli gamoTqma _ istoria cxovrebis maswavlebeli ariso _ xSirad ver amarTlebs
Tavis Sinaarss da moxdenil aforizmad rCeba.
gana ar icoda laSa-giorgim, Tamar-mefis Zem, bibliuri moTxroba daviTisa da bersabesi?
rogor ar icoda, zepirad ecodineboda da mainc ar CauTvlia gakveTilad.
erT mSvenier dRes laSa-giorgi kaxeTs estumra da veliscixeSi ixila lamazi qali.
JamTaaRmwereli mogviTxrobs: `da myis aRtacebul iqna gulisTqmaTa mier da damviwye-
belman daviTisa da uriis colis mimarTisa saqmisaman mswrafl Tvisad miiyvana da Seiyvara.
da muclad-iRo dedakacma da Sva yrma, romelsa uwodes daviT~.
velicixel qals, bersabes msgavsad, ukve hyavda qmari.
samefo kari da umaRlesi samRvdeloeba mefis xarWad miiCnevda veliscixel qals. daJi-
nebiT mouwodebdnen laSa-giorgis kanonieri colis SerTvas.
Seaxsenebdnen pavle mociqulis sityvebs: `qorwili wmida ars da sawoli Seuginebel, xo-
lo msiZavni da memruSeni sajnes RmerTman~.
magram siyvaruliT gulanTebuli laSa-giorgi aravis usmenda, aravis ujerebda da ver
Tmobda veliscixel qals.
laSa-giorgis sayvarelma dam rusudanma lamis pirad Seuracxyofad aRiqva mefis saq-
cieli da ambobda: `viTar egebis Tamar mefis Zesa esvas colad glexTa asuli da viyvneT
xelsa qveSe missa da vxadodeT dedoflad?~
samefo karis didebulTa colebic, rasakvirvelia, kvers ukravdnen rusudans.
eklesia gmobda mefis uzneo saqciels da TviT ufalic, pavle mociqulis piriT, adas-
turebda sayovelTao msjavrs: `xolo qorwinebulTa maT vamcneb ara me, aramed ufali: colsa
qmrisagan ara ganSorebad~.
magram laSa-giorgis ar esmoda xma arc RvTisa da arc erisa.
egeb Tavisufali azrovnebis pirveli mercxali davarqvaT axalgazrda qarTvel mefes, ro-
melic arafrad agdebda qveynis adaT-wesebs da gzas acdenil meamboxed gamoiyureboda sa-
zogadoebis TvalSi.
`moiqec borotisagan da qmen keTili~, _ dReniadag CasCurCulebda xma gangebisa, magram
siyvarulis xundebiT xelfexSeboWil laSa-giorgis ukve daviwyeboda Tavisi mefuri vali
da mowodeba.
umaRlesma samRvdeloebam da samefo karis didebulebma sZlies laSa-giorgis, wahgvares ve-
liscixeli qali da daubrunes kanonier patrons. xolo mefis uiRblo siyvarulis nayofi, ro-
melsac akvnidanve daebeda uiRbloba da sikvdilamde gahyva, aRsazrdelad Caabares rusudans.
JamTaaRmwereli gvarwmunebs, rom mTeli is Wir-varami, rac saqarTvelos Tavs daatexes
jer xvarazmelebma da mere _ monRolebma, sasjeli iyo RvTisa, movlenili xalxis codvaTa
gamo, xolo sayovelTao mankierebisa da uzneobis simbolod esaxeba TviT laSa-giorgi.
zurab avaliSvili1 savsebiT samarTlianad SeniSnavda, rom amgvari Sexeduleba, uTuod, Sem-
dgom droTa mware gaWirvebis nayofia da qronografis zneobriv-sarwmunoebrivi tendenciiT
qali da mamakaci
unda aixsnas. rac Seexeba laSa-giorgisa da mis Taobas, romelTa RmerTebad JamTaaRmwerels
martooden baxusi da venera miaCnda, mkvlevari amgvarad axasiaTebs: `namdvilad ki es iqneboda
simdidresa da uzrunvelobaSi gazrdili, ganaTlebuli, xelovnebaSi dawinaurebuli da sakmaod
Tavisuflad moazrovne sazogadeba _ swored is, romlis mgosania rusTveli~.
Tundac aTasjer maRali zneobiT daejildovebina ufals laSa-giorgi da misi Taoba, gana
gauZlebdnen monRolTa mZvinvare qariSxals, romelmac saqarTveloze gacilebiT Zlieri
qveynebi Seazanzara?
III Tavi
monRolebTan omSi mZimed daWrili laSa-giorgis cxovrebac male gasrulda iseve, ro-
gorc misi sevdiani romani.
142 1
zurab avaliSvili (1876_1944) _ qarTveli istorikosi.
cremli gvdis SeuSrobeli
nuTu aravin TanaugrZnobda siyvarulSi xelmocarul mefes?
albaT TanaugrZnobda misi droindeli mematiane, romelic amgvarad axasiaTebs laSa-gi-
orgis: `lomi ZaliTa da umanko gonebiTa, moyvaruli yovelTa kacTa didTa da mcireTa, mTa-
varTa maTiTa pativiTa, monazonTa da mRvdelTa maTiTa pativiTa, mSvidi da ganurisxebeli
bunebiTa, SvidTa samefoTa mefe monisaca erTisa maTraxisa ara mkreli, mSvildosani da
cxenosani gulovani da SemmarTebeli~.
mefis Tanamedrove avtormac xom icoda veliscixeli qalis ambavi, romelsac mxolod XIV
saukunis JamTaaRmwerlis TxzulebaSi vxvdebiT. cxadia, icoda da mainc warbSeuxrelad war-
moTqvams: `vityodeT qebasa missa winaSe yovelTa kacTa, ara vtyuodeT, arca gvrcxvenodes~.
laSa-giorgis, albaT, TanaugrZnobdnen rindebi2, romelTa wreSi yofna exaliseboda qarT-
vel mefes (amis gamoc dagmes). albaT swored maTTan laR saubrebsa da drostarebaSi hpovebda
Svebas samefo karze atexili intrigebiT Tavmobezrebuli laSa-giorgi. isini mdabiorni iyvnen,
ucxo tomisa da rjulisani, magram raRac idumali ZaliT izidavdnen `gulisTqmiT aRtacebul~
mefes.
rindebi sevdiT Sepyrobili mijnurebi iyvnen, trfobisgan mTvralni, siyvaruliT gaxe-
lebulni, uxilavi sinaTlisa da Seuryvneli WeSmaritebis dauRalavi maZiebelni, simReriTa
da RviniT tkbobis qadagni, mwuxarebis mtvriT dafarul qveyanaze agorebuli margalitebi,
muxTali bedis sibnelis arad Camgdebni, poeziis mziT gasxivosnebulni.
laSa-giorgis albaT TanaugrZnobda avtori `vefxistyaosnisa~. egeb swored mas anugeSeb-
da: `vin mijnuri ar yofila, vis saxmili ara swvavsa?~
egeb swored laSa-giorgis bageTagan moesma sasowarkveTili kacis ocnebad aRmoxdenili
sityvebi saaqaos gayril mijnurTa kvlav Seyraze saiqioSi. moesma da leqsad gardaTqva: `say-
varelman sayvareli viT ar naxos, viT gawiros! misken mival mxiaruli, merme igi Cem kerZ iros,
mivegebvi, momegebos, amitirdes, amatiros~.
laSa-giorgis ambavi rom gaego, egeb guli stkenoda provansel trubadurs, romelic ama-
yad ambobda: Cemi satrfos RirsebaTa salaro mTeli samyaros ganZeulobaze ufro faseulia
da rodesac igi miaxlovdeba, mdidarTa Soris upirvelesad gadaviqcevio. xolo misi TiTis
erT daqnevaze mzad var, maTxovrisa Tu masxaris roli viTamaSoo.
laSa-giorgis varami rom scodnoda, egeb gamoexata TanagrZnoba axalgazrda frang ra-
inds, siria-palestinidan safrangeTs wargzavnil epistoleSi jvarosanTa Tavgadasavals rom
aRwerda da sagangebod amcnobda Tavisianebs: mahmadianTagan xelaxla dapyrobili ierusalimis
dasaxsnelad moemarTeba `georgianebad~ wodebul qristianTa mxedroba, samasi cixe da cxra
didi qalaqi ukve auRiaTo.
laSa-giorgis ki ase amkobda: mefe maTi warCinebuli aleqsandre makedonelis badali aris
ZaliTa da sikeTiTao.
P. S. anu medlis meore mxare

qali da mamakaci
`qarTlis cxovreba~ krints ar sZravs imis Taobaze, Tu ras fiqrobda, ras ganicdida is
kaci, romelsac saqarTvelos mefem, didi Tamaris pirmSom da memkvidrem, coli wahgvara.
albaT gaxsovT, ilia WavWavaZe rom SeniSnavda gulitkiviliT: Cveni `qarTlis cxovreba~
xalxis istoria ki ara, mefeTa istoria ariso.
2
rindebi _ `rind~ sparsuli sityvaa da niSnavs moqeifes, msmels... magram Secdoma iqneboda, rom rindebi
III Tavi
Cveulebriv loTebad warmogvedgina. rindebis ricxvs miekuTvneba iseTi sparseli poeti, rogoric iyo hafezi
(131?_1389). swored hafezis poeziam STaagona goeTe (1749_1832) Seeqmna Tavisi `dasavlur-aRmosavluri divani~,
romlis meore nawils ewodeba `hafezis wigni~. aseve rindebad miiCnevdnen Tavs iseTi mistikosi poetebi,
rogorebic iyvnen sanai (daax.1080_1140) da jelal ed-din rumi (1207_1273). varaudoben, rom aRmosavleTis
qalaqebSi arsebobda `rindebis ubanic~. rindebi XIII saukunis TbilisSic cxovrobdnen. qarTuli sityva `ga-
rindeba~, albaT, sulieri eqstaziT Sepyrobili rindis saxem warmoqmna (Tamaz natroSvilis mixedviT).
143
es marto Cveni xinji rodi yofila. volteric3 imaves Cioda: SeiZleba ifiqro, rom safran-
geTSi, 14 saukunis manZilze, mxolod mefeebi, ministrebi da generlebi arsebobdneno.
gvxiblavs da gvatyvevebs Zvirfasi medlis bWyviala mxare. gvxiblavs gulanTebuli mefe,
romelmac glexi qalis siyvaruli amjobina angariS-angarebian daqorwinebas.
magram veliscixeli qalis qmarma raRa daaSava?
mwerals _ CagrulTa, xmaCawyvetilTa, damcirebulTa da SeuracxyofilTa qomags unda
aemetyvelebina da emcno mkiTxvelisaTvis dramatuli gancdebi ubralo adamianisa, romel-
sac mefem Tavisi bednierebisaTvis ubedureba moutana.
da ai, grigol abaSiZis romanSi `laSarela~ saqarTvelos mefis gverdiT ixateba velis-
cixeli qalis qmris damajerebeli portreti.
mwerali xorcs asxams qarTveli glexis tragedias, romelic erTgulad emsaxureba sam-
Soblos, romelic orjer ixsnis sikvdilisagan mefes _ sakuTari dasaxiCrebis fasad da amis
sazRaurad cols waarTmeven, kacobas Seugineben, sapyrobileSi ukraven Tavs, dovlaTs da-
uniaveben da marTalia, bolos aTavisufleben, magram vai aseT Tavisuflebas! igi iZulebuli
xdeba, tyes misces Tavi da yaCaRobis gzas daadges.
marTlac siyvarulis himnad JRers is scena, rodesac luxumi Tavisi colyofilis sama-
resTan miva da dasaklavi xariviT daiwyebs zmuilsa da bRavils.
laSa-giorgi Soridan Sehyurebs Tavis rayifs4, saocrad lamazi da wminda eCveneba es
xmliT dagonjebuli kaci, ase guliT rom dastiris moRalate cols. magram ar ukvirs misi
mwuxareba, vinaidan sakuTar tyavze gamoscada ZvelisZveli sibrZne, rom sikvdiliviT Zli-
eria siyvaruli, ar ZaluZs wyalsa mravalsa daSreta misi da mdinareni ver warRvnian mas.
saubari
rogorc Tamaz natroSvili wers, `qarTlis cxovreba~ marTlac ar sZravs krints imis Ta-
obaze, Tu ras fiqrobda, ras ganicdida is kaci, romelsac saqarTvelos mefem coli wahgvara.
es usamarTloba XX saukuneSi gamoaswora grigol abaSiZem (1914_1994). biblioTekaSi mo-
ZebneT da waikiTxeT misi `laSarela~.
magram ras fiqrobdnen, ras ganicdidnen bibliuri bersabe an Cveni veliscixeli qali? es
arc biblias ainteresebs da arc `qarTlis cxovrebas~.
andre morua5 werda:
`didi xnis manZilze qali mxolod mamakacis survilebis sagans warmoadgenda. omis dros
nadavlis nawilad miiCnevdnen. gamarjvebuli meomris xelSi gadadioda rogorc naalafevi
saWurveli, vercxlisa da oqros vazebi, ise tyve qalic. arcTu ise didi xnis winaT parizSi
arsebobda bazari, sadac iseve iolad SegeZlo geyida mona qali, rogorc raime xili. qals
qali da mamakaci
ekonomikuri damoukideblobis mopoveba dasWirda, rom gamxdariyo pirovneba da daecva Ta-

visi uflebebi.
dResac ki bevri mamakaci sinanuliT laparakobs im droze, roca qali nivTs warmoadgenda.
ra didebuli iyo: qali qmars aniWebda siamovnebas, uCenda Svilebs, zrdida maT, uvlida saxls.
samagierod ki arafers Txoulobda, oRond hqonoda saWmeli, Weri da sxva danarCeni. Tumca am
sxva danarCens ki Txoulobda? qorwinebidan sul male qmari gan-ganze iwyebda yurebas da roca
moisurvebda, sayvarelTan ubodiSod midioda.
III Tavi
3
volteri (1694_1778) _ frangi filosofosi da mwerali.
4
rayifi _ mocile, metoqe siyvarulSi.
144 5
andre morua (1885_1967) _ frangi mwerali da eseisti.
qali, Tu mas pretenzia hqonda yofiliyo pirovneba, mamakacebs aRizianebda. swored es
iyo JorJ sandis6 ubedureba. igi pirovneba iyo am sityvis sruli gagebiT da Sesaferis mop-
yrobasac moiTxovda sxvebisagan. mamakacTa did umravlesobas sjobda WkuiT da sakadrisadac
eqceoda maT. sul mudam Tavis Wkuaze dadioda: Tu vinme bezrdeboda, maSinve iSorebda Ta-
vidan, rogorc mamakacebma ician xolme.
fuls Tavisi SromiT Soulobda da surda ise moexmara sakuTari qoneba, rogorc moepri-
aneboda. sacodavi misi qmari gaocebuli da Tavgzaabneuli Cioda: qali ki ara, mamakaci SemirTavs
colado.
Tanamedroveni qalbaton sands mamakacurobas ukiJinebdnen, Tumca namdvili qali iyo su-
liTac da xorciTac, oRond qali pirovneba da ara qali nivTi7~.
ifiqreT da imsjeleT am sakiTxze.
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
Tqveni azriT, Tamaz natroSvilis teqstis saxiT ra tipis esesTan gvaqvs saqme? pasuxi daa-
sabuTeT.
detalebis xelovneba
miuxedavad laSa-giorgis mimarT JamTaaRmwerelis uaryofiTi damokidebulebisa, Tamaz

natroSvili ar malavs, rom simpaTiiTaa ganwyobili saqarTvelos axalgazrda mefis mimarT.
teqstidan amoiwereT iseTi detalebi, romlebSiac avtoris ganwyoba Cans.
interpretacia
bibliis mefeTa wignebSi Tavad monaxeT da waikiTxeT daviT mefis cxovrebis istoria. da-
wereT daviTis cxovrebis mokle Sinaarsi. weris procesSi ar gamoiyenoT Tamaz natroSvilis
ese.
gaiTvaliswineT _ teqsti Zalian vrceli ar unda gamogivideT. bolos SeadareT erTma-
neTs Tqveni da Tamaz natroSvilis versiebi. mniSvnelovania Tu ara gansxvaveba? daakvirdiT,
raze amaxvilebT yuradRebas Tqven da raze _ mwerali. imsjeleT, ratom da rogor xdeba erTsa
da imave wignSi moTxrobili erTi da imave ambis sxvadasxvanairi aRqma?
qali da mamakaci
Tvalsazrisi
bibliis Tanaxmad, daviT mefis mier Cadenil danaSauls mohyva RvTisgan dakisrebuli mZime
sasjeli.
`qarTlis cxovrebis~ erT-erTi avtori, JamTaaRmwereli, gvarwmunebs, rom mTeli is Wir-
III Tavi
varami, rac saqarTvelos Tavs daatexes jer xvarazmelebma da mere monRolebma, RvTis sasje-
6
JorJ sandi _ namdvili saxeli: amandina avrora liusil diupeni (1804_1876) _ frangi mwerali qali.
7
andre moruas dawerili aqvs JorJ sandis biografiuli romani, romelic qarTuladacaa Targmnili.
biblioTekaSi moiZieT da waikiTxeT es wigni.
145
li iyo, movlenili xalxis codvaTa gamo, xolo sayovelTao mankierebisa da uzneobis sim-
bolod esaxeba TviT laSa-giorgi.
mogvianebiT, kerZod, me-18 saukuneSi, daviT guramiSvili amave logikiT axsnis qarTlis
Wiris mizezebs.
ras fiqroben amasTan dakavSirebiT zurab avaliSvili, Tamaz natroSvili da geronti qi-
qoZe?
ra aris am ori sxvadasxvanairi midgomis mTavari ganmasxvavebeli niSani?
am sakiTxze msjelobis nimuSad gTavazobT kritikos rostom CxeiZis erT mosazrebas:
`warmatebuli Ziebani sulis faruli moZraobis amosacnobad acocxlebs im xelSesaxeb
Strixebs istoriul pirTa fsiqologiuri portretebisa, risi gamokveTac aucilebelia gar-
dasuli sinamdvilis aRdgenisas, gansakuTrebiT ki eseisturi gaazrebisas. beletristuli8
xerxebi niSandoblivia eseis JanrisaTvis da, maT Soris, es xerxic: erTi da imave movlenisa Tu
fsiqologiuri realiis gansja sxvadasxva mxridan, gansxvavebuli TvaliT, raTa araferi
darCes SeumCneveli Tu gauTvaliswinebeli da ama Tu im istoriuli piris saqcieli arc
gazviaddes da arc daknindes. usamarTlod ar mieweros iseT ubedurebaTa gamowveva, rac
gacilebiT rTuli movlenaa da iolad ar aixsneba. mxatvruli gadametebani iqneb aucilebelic
iyos moralistisa Tu publicistisaTvis da, aseT dros, vTqvaT, laSa-giorgi SeiZleba kidec
gaimeton da dasaxon saqarTvelos tragediis mizezad, magram risi axsnac oriode formuliT
yovlad SeuZlebelia, istorikosma iq namdvili mizezebi unda eZios...~
eTanxmebiT Tu ara kritikosis mosazrebas?
ratom?
diskusia
Tqveni azriT, rodesac `qali nivTi~ `qali pirovneba~ (andre moruas terminologiiT) xde-
ba, ra zegavlenas axdens es garemoeba qalisa da mamakacis urTierTobaze? amartivebs Tu kidev
ufro arTulebs mas?
am sakiTxze moawyveT saklaso diskusia. SeecadeT Tqveni pozicia magaliTebiTa da ar-
gumentebiT gaamyaroT.
weriTi davaleba
daviT mefem icoda rom danaSauls sCadioda, magram ukan mainc ar daixia. verc laSa-gior-
gize gaWra Segonebebma. magram rogorc ukve iTqva, im qalebis Sesaxeb, romlebmac mefeebs aseTi
nabiji gadaadgmevines, araferi viciT. ar viciT, rogor gamoiyurebodnen, ras ganicdidnen
erosis aseTi Zalis mqone qalebi.
warmoidgineT, rogor Sexvdebodnen pirvelad erTmaneTs daviT mefe da bersabe, aseve
laSa-giorgi da veliscixeli qali. SegiZliaT sxva epizodi SeTxzaT maTi cxovrebidan, Tqve-
ni nebaa, magram es ise unda gaakeToT, rom mkiTxvelisaTvis naTeli gaxdes am qalebis mom-
qali da mamakaci
nusxveli Zala.
III Tavi
8
beletristika _ mxatvruli TxrobiTi literatura (moTxrobebi, romanebi). Sesabamisad beletris-
146 tul xerxebSi igulisxmeba is xerxebi, romelTa momarjvebiTac iwereba mxatvruli TxrobiTi literatura.
avtoris Sesaxeb
`viionisdroindeli safrangeTi Tvalisa da gulis gasaxars bevrs ara-

fers gvTavazobs. es jer kidev Sua saukuneebia, mZime da pirquSi. dasas-
ruls uaxlovdeba aswliani omi1. samefo faqtobrivad gaTavisuflebulia,
magram sruli Serwymisa da stabilizaciis procesi Zalian nela mimdina-
reobs. adamianebi ver grZnoben fexqveS myar niadags, aqeT-iqiT awydebian,
Znelad agneben TavianT saqmesa da adgils. TaRliTebi, mZarcvelebi, maT-
xovrebi, yalbismqmnelebi da sxva saeWvo xelobis xalxi, saeroni Tu ek-
fransua
viioni lesiis wiaRs Sefarebulni, yvela kuTxe-kunWulSi dawrialeben... Zaladoba
1431_? da mkvleloba TiTqmis yoveldRiur ambad qceula... magram qveyana mainc
`vici aTasi iwil- Zalas ikrebs, igrZnoba uxvi sasicocxlo energia, Rrmavdeba pirovnuli
biwilo, vici, vin sawyisi, matulobs qmedebisa da codnis wyurvili...
visTan iZilRvi-
Zila, vici cremli fransua viioni (namdvili gvari de monkorbie) daibada 1431 wels pa-
da cremlSi _ si- rizSi, Raribi moqalaqis ojaxSi. mama adre gardaecvala da misi aRzrda
cili, Cemi Tavisa biZam, kapelanma giiom viionma itvirTa. gvari viioni poetma misi pativis-
ara vici ra~.
cemiT miiRo. swavlobda sorbonis universitetSi. 1455 wels kaci Semoak-
f. viioni
vda, erTi wlis Semdeg navaris saswavleblis salaros gatexvaSi iRebs mo-
nawileobas da garbis parizidan. am droidan iwyeba misi xetialis periodi. igi bevr simwares
Sexvda, bevri gaWirveba gadaitana. icxovra moxetiale msaxiobebTan, qurdebTan, jambazebTan,
mawanwalebTan, magram aseve princebTanac, hercogebTanac, Tumca fexi versad moikida. orjer
ijda cixeSi. meored CamoxrCobac miusajes, magram mere Seiwyales. 1463 wels parizidan midis
da misi kvali samudamod ikargeba. ra bedi ewia, aravin icis. TandaTanobiT misi cxovreba le-
gendebiT imoseba, tyuili da marTali erTmaneTSi ireva, saidanac nel-nela Camoyalibda poeti-
avazakis saxe, romelic metad originaluri, efeqturi da amdenad, gamZlec gamodga... magram
didi poeti da avkaci msoflio literaturam ar icis. adamiani, romelic mTeli Tavisi cxov-
rebidan, sixarulidan Tu mwuxarebidan, wveT-wveTad agrovebs Sxamsa Tu neqtars, rom Tvistoms
uecar silamazed aCuqos, SeuZlebelia, avkaci iyos, imave Tvistoms Zarcvavdes da fatravdes.
viioni xalasi xmis poetia. magram mas kargi mosmena unda, rom xumrobanarevma kilom bo-
lomde ar Segiqcios. igi ironiisa da sufTa lirizmis ucnauri nazavia. es xma erT-erTi yvela-
ze gulwrfeli da yvelaze tragikuli xmaa evropul poeziaSi~.
daviT werediani
fransua viioni
orkeci balada
ixareT, datkbiT, minebdiT survils trfobam mihxada solomons cnoba2,
qali da mamakaci
eri Tu beri, mona Tu mefe! ymad gauxada baals da SamaSs3.

nu egoneba TumcaRa nurvis, samsons Tvalebi dasTxara trfobam4.
am walkotebSi sul vardebs krefen. bednieria, vinc ascda amas.
1
aswliani omi (1337_1453) mimdinareobda inglissa da safrangeTs Soris. inglisi cdilobda daebru-
nebina is teritoriebi kontinentze, romlebic adre inglisis mefeebs ekuTvnodaT. garda amisa, inglisis
III Tavi
mefeebi enaTesavebodnen kapetingebis frangul dinastias, amitom pretenzias acxadebdnen safrangeTis

taxtze. omi damTavrda safrangeTis gamarjvebiT.
2
solomoni _ israelis mefe, ìyo dedaTmoyvare da moiyvana colni ucxoTeslTani mravalni~, Tayvani
sca maT RmerTebs da àra Seudga ufalsa~ (wigni mefeTa mesame 11, 1-6).
3
baali da SamaSi _ warmarTuli RmerTebi.
4
samsons, israelis msajuls, hyavda satrfo, saxelad dalila, romelic moisyides filistimelebma,
147
misi daxmarebiT xelSi Caigdes samsoni da Tvalebi dasTxares (wigni msajulTa, 16, 1-21).
orfevss5, menestrels6, eZmo amuri, es ise, Torem gana fasi aqvs
Caarokvina qvedaqve Sara ymawvilkacisTvis sxvaTa magaliTs,
da miayena Cang-salamuriT mainc isworebs briyvi xasiaTs,
oTxTava cerbers7 qvesknelis karad. ver ahglej, gindac zed daakali.
narcisma8 turfa lands mohkra Tvali, bolosRa morTavs wkavwkavs da Rnavils,
gadaaviwya smaca da Wamac, roca gamocdis, ra SxamiT Sxamavs
WaSi Cavarda trfialiT mTvrali. saTnoc da uTnoc, TeTric da Savic.
bednieria, vinc ascda amas. bednieria, vinc ascda amas.
trfobam lomguli sardanapali9 LXV

saqaleboSi miusva sarTavs, igi, vis ymadac vefice maSin,
Caacva qalis juba-kabani roca saswrafod vtovebdi parizs,
Sevalies da uebro sardals. vis gamoc zrunma iZala xmaSi,
daviTma baRSi gadayo Tavi, vis gamoc TavSi brunavda qari,
waawyda SiSvel TeZoebs lamazs, vinc daxra guli eWvis zafrebiT
da ukan darCa RvTis SiSi daviTs. da saqaleTi vinc Semazara,
bednieria, vinc ascda amas. Tavs Tu iqcevda, sxva araferi,
eTqva dalocvils... (getyvis, ras ara!)
herodem10, mTvralma, ixmo mcvelebi,
ixmo da, egeb arc uwyis zogma, LXVI
rom iovane naTlismcemeli CemTan, Cems gverdze _ Cemi SetyobiT _
emsxverpla qalis vnebian gogmans. ar ecvleboda wamiT guneba,
viTom sneulma, tartaletebi Cumad ismenda, rasac vetyodi,
moatanina amnonma Tamars11, arc iwonebda, arc iwunebda,
da ucbaT, bnelSi, das, gametebiT... metic, rodesac CurCuliT yurTan
bednieria, vinc ascda amas. davexrebodi, arc irxeoda,
imedis jaWvze meyefa, surda,
katrin voselis gamo riyeSi dabmuls meyefa misi Teodan.
mec Seveyare Sesayars mwares,
SiSveli viyav, verc gaviqeci...
LXVII
gamwures, rogorc wuraven sarecxs. magram mTavari jado rac ari,
iqve maxloblad idga noeli erTi sagani sxvad momalanda,
da uyurebda mxiarul TamaSs. saRamo _ dilad, fqvilad _ nacari,
iqneb es bedi masac moelis? xucesi _ almad, jori _ alamdrad,
bednieria, vinc ascda amas. saydris gumbaTad _ fialis fskeri,
5
orfevsi _ miTiuri momRerali, suleTSi Cavida gardacvlili meuRlis, evridikes amosayvanad,
magram dadebuli piroba daarRvia da veRar amoiyvana sayvareli meuRle mkvdarTa samefodan.
6
menestrelebs uwodebdnen Sua saukuneebSi mgosnebsa da momRerlebs.
7
cerberi _ miTiuri avi ZaRli, romelic sdarajobda miwisqveSa samefos (jojoxeTis) Sesasvlels:
qali da mamakaci
SigniT yvelas uSvebda, iqidan ki _ aravis.

8
ulamazesi narcisi nimfa eqom, mas Semdeg rac narcisma uaryo misi siyvaruli, ase dawyevla: `Segiy-
vardes da ver miswvde, vinc Segiyvardes~. erTxelac, narcisma wyalSi sakuTari landi dainaxa da Seuy-
varda sakuTari gamosaxuleba.
9
sardanapali _ igive aSurbanipali, asirielTa mefe (me-7 s. Cv. w.-mde). berZnebma, sruliad usafuZvlod,
sxva garyvnilebaTa Soris, qaluri znec miaweres.
10
herodem, iudeveTis tetrarqma, Seapyrobina iovane naTlismcemeli, romelic saxalxod kicxavda
mas Zmis colTan, herodiasTan, SeuRlebis gamo, Seapyrobina, magram mokvla ver gabeda, radgan iovane
III Tavi
xalxs winaswarmetyvelad miaCnda. erTxel, nadimze, herode moxibla Tavisi geris, herodias asulis cekvam
da qals _ ra saCuqarsac moiTxov, mogcemo, _ ficiT aRuTqva. dedisgan darigebulma qalma iovane naT-
lismcemelis mokveTili Tavi moiTxova (maTe, 14, 3-11; markozi, 6, 16-28).
11
amnoni _ israelis mefis, daviTis vaJi, vnebiT ganimsWvala Tavisi naxevardis, Tamaris mimarT, Tavi
moiavadmyofa, misi gakeTebuli saWmeli moinatra, Seityua qali Tavis sawol oTaxSi da Zala ixmara (wigni
148 mefeTa meore, 13, 1-19).
abati _ paJad, zuCad _ badia... is, vinc, _ wagixda ebnis JRaruni,
zis andazaSi da fiqrobs Steri: mSralze dagsveso, _ ar morCa xvixvins,
`xaris buStia Tu sanaTia?~ vnaxoT, batono, Tu gaZlebs Cemdens,
rodesac trfoba CemsaviT dawvavs,
LXVIII
gaSpeba pirvel laxvarTa Semdeg,
...wyalwyala ludi _ kamkama Rvinod,
xelT Seatovebs kurtaks da sacvals.
Tvalis amxeli _ mtrad daundoblad,
roca undoda, aRapi _ lxinad, LXX
lxini _ aRapad, roca undoda,
vgmob trfobas, vamsxvrev miseul yalibs,
cis kibed _ Toki, WerSi miskvnili,
sisxliT da cecxliT vumarTav brZolas,
samoTxis Citad _ yvavis baxala,
wavSale codvis yoveli kvali
cixe-darbazad _ qaris wisqvili,
da naisrali aRarsad bolavs.
ise ra gogo _ mzeTunaxavad.
mivdivar xel- da gulcarieli,
LXIX aw qeba misi, vacxadeb, sxvam Tqvas,
ase mibamda Tvals siyvaruli, merxqveS amovde Cemi vieli12,
dagmanul karTan mimagdo briyvi. aRar vekuTvni mijnurTa amqars.
frangulidan Targmna da SeniSvnebi daurTo daviT weredianma
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
rogorc fransua viionis qarTulad mTargmneli daviT werediani SeniSnavs, viionis poe-
zia ironiisa da sufTa lirizmis ucnauri nazavia. viioni, saerTod, marTlac, ironiiT lapara-
kobs yvelaferze da maT Soris, pirvel rigSi, sakuTar Tavze. teqstSi monaxeT aseTi epizodebi.
rogor STabeWdilebas axdens Tqvenze sakuTari Tavisadmi poetis aseTi damokidebuleba?
ratom?
detalebis xelovneba
viionis poeziaSi ironia sxvadasxva konteqstSi sxvadasxvanairad iCens Tavs. magaliTad,

miTiuri momRerlis orfevsis menestrelad moxsenieba ironiul anaqronizmad ismis, radgan
`menestrels~ mxolod Sua saukuneebSi uwodebdnen poetebsa da momRerlebs. daaxloebiT aseT-
save efeqts miviRebdiT, im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki, vTqvaT, romelime istoriul `mouravs~ Sesabamis
qali da mamakaci
konteqstSi `menejerad~ movixseniebdiT.

baladaSi kidev ori aseTi, xazgasmulad franguli _ araantikuri da arabibliuri Seferi-
lobis sityvaa gamoyenebuli, romlebic mTargmnelma, swored am ironiuli elferis Sesanar-
Cuneblad, ucvlelad gadmoitana qarTul teqstSi. monaxeT es sityvebi da SeecadeT iseTi sit-
yvebiT SecvaloT isini, rom anaqronizmis gancda gaqres. ras ityviT, ironiac gaqra Tu ara?
III Tavi
12
vieli _ simebiani sakravi.
149
teqstis analizi
fransua viioni CamoTvlis qalisa da mamakacis sasiyvarulo urTierTobaTa istoriul,

bibliur Tu miTologiur magaliTebs (erTi bibliuri magaliTi, kerZod, daviT mefisa da ber-
sabes istoria ukve iciT. bibliaSi moZebneT da waikiTxeT danarCenebic). bolos ki sakuTarsac
daayolebs, xolo refrenad13 mTel am CamonaTvals gasdevs fraza _ `bednieria, vinc ascda
amas~. fragmenti ki mTavrdeba daskvniT _ àRar vekuTvni mijnurTa amqars~.
kidev erTxel waikiTxeT balada da imsjeleT, rogori ganwyoba, rogori mimarTeba unda
hqonoda poets saerTod qalisa da mamakacis urTierTdamokidebulebasTan im dros, roca am
baladas werda?
interpretacia
biblioTekaSi moiZieT fransua viionis daviT weredianis mier qarTulad Targmnili leq-
sebis krebuli da waikiTxeT `mcire anderZis~ I I I - V strofebi. moyolebuli XV strofidan amave
qalze saubrobs viioni òrkec baladaSic~, romelic ukve waikiTxeT.
xsenebuli nawyvetebis yuradRebiT wakiTxvis Semdeg warmoidgineT am qalis xasiaTi. yu-
radReba gaamaxvileT iseT frazebze, rogorebicaa: `vinc daxra guli eWvis zafrebiT...~ `Tavs
Tu iqcevda, eTqva dalocvils...~ ìmedis jaWvze meyefa, surda, dabmuls meyefa misi Teodan...~
da sxva. poetis sayvareli qalis fsiqologiur portrets mieciT werilobiTi forma.
diskusia
kidev erTxel daubrundiT im adgils, sadac poeti aRwers, rogor ùbamda Tvals siyvaru-
li~. Tqveni azriT, xom ar aWarbebs fransua viioni? SesaZleblad geCvenebaT siyvaruli iseT
mdgomareobad daxasiaTdes, roca saRamo dilad geCveneba, nacari _ fqvilad, xucesi _ almad,
jori ki _ alamdrad? aqvs Tu ara arsebobis ufleba iseT moarul gamoTqmebs, romlebic
gvarwmuneben, rom siyvaruli brmaa an sigiJis raRac Taviseburi forma? am sakiTxze msje-
lobisas Tqven mier wakiTxul wignebTan, nanax filmebTan da pirad gamocdilebasTan erTad
aseve gamoiyeneT fragmenti TqvenTvis ukve cnobili eloizas mier abelarisadmi miwerili
meore werilidan, romelsac aqve gTavazobT:
***
`...sasiyvarulo tkboba, romelsac me da Sen veZleodiT, imdenad sasiamovno iyo CemTvis,
rom dRemde ar daukargavs Tavisi momnusxveli Zala. rogor SeiZleba misi daviwyeba? saiTac
ar unda gavixedo, yvelgan is netareba midgeba Tvalwin da CemSi gaRviZebul survils veRa-
rafers vuxerxeb. ZilSiac ki ar mindobs igi. TviT sazeimo RvTismsaxurebis drosac ki, roca
locva gansakuTrebiT wminda unda iyos, am tkbobis codvili Cvenebani iseTi ZaliT eufle-
qali da mamakaci
bian Cem ubedur suls, rom es saZaglobebi ufro mipyrobs, vidre locva. imis nacvlad, rom
Cadenilis gamo vwuxde, imaze ufro vnaRvlob, risi Cadenac ver movaswari. mxolod Cveni
trfiali ki ara, TviT is adgilebi da wuTebic, romelic erTad gavatareT, imdenad Rrmad
aRibeWda CemSi, rom TiTqos xelaxla ganvicdi yvelafers. es mogonebani ZilSiac ar maZleven
mosvenebas. xSirad Cemi fiqrebi gamoixateba uneblie moZraobebiT da moulodnelad wamos-
rolili frazebiT...~
III Tavi
diskusiis dros moerideT dausabuTebel, usafuZvlo mosazrebebis gamoTqmas.
150 13
refreni _ taepi an fraza, romelic leqsSi garkveuli wesiT meordeba.
§ III
avtoris Sesaxeb
`Cemi cxovreba àTas erTi Ramis~ zRapars waagavs, mewaResTan du-

qanSi rom jadoqari gamocxaddeba da mas xalifad gadaaqcevs, miTqvams
bednier dReebSi. maviwydeboda, rom zRapris ukanasknel gverdze jado-
qari xalifas isev mewaRed aqcevs. aseTive iyo kvanZis gaxsna im saocari
zRaprisa, romelsac Cem cxovrebas vuwodeb. megobrebi, qoneba, pativi,
ojaxuri kera, yovelive mqonda da yovelive davkarge, mxolod Cemi pa-
andre morua tara farduliRa SemrCa kancelariis mwerlisa.
1885_1967 ubedurebam, romelic zogierTis guls aborotebs, me, piriqiT, guli
`siyvarulis aR- momilbo. man did WeSmaritebas maziara: msxverpli, Tuki masSi araviTari
marTze Seyvare- siamaye ar aris Sereuli, adamians Seudarebel sixaruls aniWebs. da marT-
bulebi momaval- lac, Cemi cxovrebis yvelaze bednieri wuTebi, is mokle wuTebi gznebisa
ze laparakoben,
daRmarTze ki sa-
Tu aRtacebisa, swored is wuTebi iyo, roca axloblisadmi siyvaruli
ubris Tema warsu- da TanagrZnoba mifantavda da maviwyebda xolme sakuTar Tavze sania-
li xdeba~. dago fusfussa da sazrunavs...
a. morua xSirad mekiTxebian: `sevdas Tu ggvriT is garemoeba, rom male oTx-
mocdaori wlisa xdebiT da uneburad imaze gixdebaT fiqri, rom didi
xnis sicocxle ar giweriaT~. amaze maqvs pasuxi: àra~. ratom unda davRonde? me SeZlebis-
dagvarad mZime da xangrZlivi Sroma gavwie. bavSvobaSi erTi moxucebuli ZiZa myavda, rome-
lic yovel saRamos miZaxda, wamodi, Zilis droao. yasidad winaaRmdegobas vuwevdi, magram
sinamdvileSi daRlilobisgan fexebi mekveTeboda da kmayofili viyavi, sawolSi rom mawven-
dnen. dadgeba is dRec, roca Sinagani xma daJinebulad gamimeorebs: `wamodi, Zilis droa~.
SeiZleba cota gavjiniande, magram, bolos da bolos, agrerigad damaSvrali, sixaruliT mo-
visveneb1...~
andre morua
andre morua
werilebi ucnob qals

(fragmentebi)
frangul siyvarulsa da qorwinebaze

Tu gindaT gaigoT, rogor uyureben frangi qalebi da mamakacebi siyvarulsa da qorwine-
bas, upirveles yovlisa, unda gaixsenoT, ra gza ganvlo safrangeTSi grZnobaTa istoriam. am
qali da mamakaci
istoriaSi ori mimdinareoba aRiniSneba.

pirveli da uaRresad Zlieri iyo sentimentaluri siyvarulis mimdinareoba. Sua sauku-
neebSi swored safrangeTSi Caisaxa kurtuazuli siyvaruli. qalis Tayvaniscema, misTvis
Tavis mowoneba simReris, poemis (trubadurebi) an saCino saqmeTa SemweobiT yovelTvis axa-
siaTebda frangul elitas. arc erT sxva literaturas ar miuniWebia amodena mniSvneloba
siyvarulisa da vnebisTvis.
III Tavi
magram amasTan erTad, safrangeTSi mudam arsebobda meore, gacilebiT ufro popularuli
mimdinareoba. igi rablem2 aRwera. masSi xorcieli, fizikuri siyvaruli TamaSobs mTavar rols.
1
frangulidan Targmna TinaTin qiqoZem.
2
151
fransua rable (1494_1553) _ frangi mwerali.
amasTan erTad, qorwineba mxolod grZnobis dasturi ki ar aris, aramed praqtikuli saSualebaa
bavSvebis aRsazrdelad da saerTo interesebis dasacavad. molieris3 komediebSi, rogorc wesi,
qmari cotaTi sasaciloa, coli, Tu SeuZlia, mudam atyuebs mas, mamakaci ki siyvaruls ganze
daeZebs.
XIX saukuneSi gabatonebulma msxvilma burJuaziam, did mniSvnelobas rom aniWebda ful-
sa da memkvidreobas, qorwineba saqmian garigebad aqcia. amis naTeli dadasturebaa balzakis4
Semoqmedeba. siyvaruli, SesaZloa, mere aRmocenebuliyo Tanacxovrebis, saerTo movaleo-
bis, fizikuri harmoniis Sedegad. magram arc es iyo aucilebeli. xandaxan safuZveli eyre-
boda marTlac bednier qorwinebas, Tavdapirvelad mxolod saqmian kavSirad rom iyo Cafiq-
rebuli. mSoblebi da notariusebi mziTevisa da saqorwino xelSekrulebis sakiTxebs winas-
war, qal-vaJis Sexvedramde ganixilavdnen.
dRes Cven yvelaferi SevcvaleT. simdidre ukve aRar TamaSobs gadamwyvet rols. radgan
inteligenti mosamsaxure qali da kargi profesiis mqone mamakaci gacilebiT did faseu-
lobas warmoadgenen, vidre mziTevi, romlis fuladi Rirebuleba arasodes ar aris saimedo.
magram sentimentalurma mimarTulebamac _ romantikuli siyvarulisken ltolvam, warsuli
saukuneebidan memkvidreobiT rom gadmogveca, dakarga Tavisi Zala. ratom? upirveles yov-
lisa imitom, rom Tavisuflebas naziarebi qali aRar warmoadgens mamakacisTvis salocav,
idumal RvTaebas _ axla igi misi amxanagia. esec ar iyos, dRes ymawvili qalebi gaTviTcnobi-
erebulni arian siyvarulis fizikur sferoSi da gacilebiT swori warmodgena aqvT qorwi-
nebazec da siyvarulzec.
vaJebi da qaliSvilebi kvlav iswrafvian siyvarulisken, magram mas eZeben myar qorwine-
baSi. gaurbian vnebaze dafuZnebul qorwinebas. radgan ician, rom vneba xanmoklea. molieris
epoqaSi qorwineba siyvarulis dasasruls niSnavda. dRes igi siyvarulis dasawyisia. dRes
qorwineba, gansakuTrebiT bednier SemTxvevebSi, ufro Rrma kavSiria _ sxeulis, gulisa da
gonebis kavSiri. balzakis epoqaSi colis siyvaruli sasacilod miaCndaT. dRes ki romanebSi
gacilebiT met aRviraxsnilobas waawydebiT, vidre cxovrebaSi.
Cvens rTul samyaroSi, sadac Tavis gatana aRar warmoadgens dauZlevel problemas,
frangi qalebi sul ufro da ufro rwmundebian, rom siyvarulis WeSmarit xorcSesxmas gu-
lisTqmaze, urTierTgagebaze damyarebuli qorwineba warmoadgens.
mSvidobiT.
sinazis mijnaze
pol valeri5 Zlier kargad laparakobda siyvarulze. Tumca raze aRar laparakobda kar-
gad.
vnebebze saubrisas uyvarda maTematikis enis gamoyeneba da samarTlianad miiCnevda, rom
kontrasti terminTa sizustesa da grZnobaTa ganusazRvrelobas Soris amaRelvebel diso-
nanss qmnis. erT mis mosazrebas didad vafasebdi da valeris Teoremadac movnaTle: `yovel-
dRiurad gamosaxatavi da dasaxarji sinazis odenoba gansazRvrulia~. sxva sityvebiT rom
qali da mamakaci
vTqvaT, aravis ZaluZs erTnairad nazi da vnebiani iyos dilidan saRamomdec ki, miT umetes
mTeli kvirebis, Tveebisa da wlebis ganmavlobaSi. adamiani iRleba yvelafrisagan da, war-
moidgineT, siyvarulisaganac. am WeSmaritebis qadageba sasargebloa, radgan bevr axal-
gazrdas da xandazmulsac, rogorc Cans, amaze warmodgenac ki ara aqvs. qalebi Tvrebian
vnebis pirveli sigiJeebisagan: dilidan saRamomde siamovnebiT ismenen, ra mSvenierebi, ra
Wkvianebi arian, ra bednierebaa maTi daufleba, ra RvTiuri netarebaa maTi tiktikis mosmena
III Tavi
da a. S. qalebi Seqebas mkvircxlad exmaurebian da pasuxad TavianT Tayvanismcemels umtki-
3
Jan batist molieri (1622_1673) _ frangi komediografi, reJisori da msaxiobi.
4
onore balzaki (1799_1850) _ frangi mwerali.
152 5
pol valeri (1871_1945) _ frangi poeti da moazrovne.
ceben, rom amqveynad ar moiZeveba masze ukeTesi vaJkaci, inteligenti, satrfo da Tanamgzav-
ri. friad sasiamovnoa amis mosmena. magram ra? maragi amouwuravi ar gaxlavT.
_ ra hqvia imgvar qorwinebas, _ ekiTxeba gamomcdeli amerikel students, _ roca mamakaci
erTi qaliT kmayofildeba?
_ monotonuri. _ pasuxobs qaliSvili.
Tu ar gsurT monogamiuri6 qorwineba monotonur qorwinebad geqceT, sinazesa da misi
gamoxatvis saSualebebs xandaxan sxva juris sityvebi unda SeunacvloT.
ori adamianis urTierToba zRvis niavqars ayolili mousvenari cxovreba unda iyos,
sazogadoebisaTvis, erTad SromisTvis, megobrebisTvis mudam kargaxsnili. qeba-dideba ama-
Relvebelia, roca TiTqosda SemTxveviT da uneburad ibadeba adamianTa sulieri naTesao-
bisa da Tanaziari sixarulis mizeziT. qeba-dideba mosawyenia, Tu igi ritualad iqca.
erTxel oqtav mirbom7 dawera novela da mas ori Seyvarebulis dialogis forma misca.
yovel saRamos xvdebodnen isini erTmaneTs mTvaris SuqiT mofenil parkSi.
sentimentaluri sayvareli CurCulebs (kidev ufro mibnedili xmiT, vidre mTvarea):
`Zvirfaso, SexedeT, ai, Cveni skami, Cveni Zvirfasi skami!~
qali (oxvriT da sasowarkveTiT):
ò, isev es skami!~
maS ase, erideT skamebs, salocav adgilebad qceul skamebs!
nazi sityvebi, Tu isini gamWriaxi gonebis improvizacias warmoadgenen, momajadoebelia.
gayinul formulebSi moqceuli sinaze ki gvaRizianebs. agresiuli da kritikuli gonebis
qali swrafad Rlis mamakacs. yvelafriT kmayofil da miamitad atacebul qals ki tyuilad
eqneba imedi mamakacze didi xniT batonobisa. winaaRmdegobaSi vardebiTo, metyviT, raRa
Tqma unda, mamakaci xom winaaRmdegobaa _ moqceva da ukuqceva. `msjavrdebuli, _ volteris8
sityviT, _ SiSis konvulsiebidan mudam leTargiul mowyenilobaSi vardeba~. bevrs Wkua ise
aqvs momarTuli, rom iolad egueba satrfos rols da siyvarulSi zedmiwevniT dajerebuli
didad aRar afasebs am grZnobas..
mavan da mavan mandilosans eWvi epareba mamakacis grZnobaSi. mTeli gulisyuri miskena
aqvs. uecrad Seityobs, rom mamakacs uyvars, aRmerTebs. jer madlierebiT evseba guli, magram
umalve moiwyens, Tu kacma yurebi gamouWeda qaTinaurebiT: badali ara gyavs, amqveynad er-
TaderTi saocreba Sena xaro. swored maSin sxva, naklebad Tvinieri mamakaci gauRviZebs cno-
bismoyvareobas.
erTi Cemi nacnobi qaliSvili xalisiT mReroda xolme sazogadoebaSi da rakiRa turfa
sanaxavi iyo, qebiT sul caSi ahyavdaT, mxolod erTi ymawvili dumda, aras ambobda. bolos
qaliSvilma hkiTxa: Tqven ra, Cemi simRera ar mogwonTo? _ aba ras brZanebT, saucxooa, magram
ai xmac rom gqondeTo...
qaliSvili swored mas misTxovda.
mSvidobiT.
keklucobis aucileblobaze
qali da mamakaci
`ciliswameba, senior? _ ambobs `sevilieli dalaqis~9 erTi personaJi, _ Tqven verc ki war-
moidgenT, raze laparakobT zizRiT~. ramdenjer momsurvebia meTqva siyvarulSi gamoucdeli
qalisTvis: `keklucoba, qalbatono! Tqven verc ki warmoidgenT, ras TakilobT!~
III Tavi
6
monogamia _ qorwinebis forma, romlis drosac mamakacs SeiZleba hyavdes mxolod erTi coli da
qals _ mxolod erTi qmari.
7
oqtav mirbo (1848_1917) _ frangi mwerali.
8
volteri (1694_1778) _ frangi filosofosi da mwerali.
9
`sevilieli dalaqi~ _ italieli kompozitoris j. rosinis (1792_1868) opera. safuZvlad daedo
frangi dramaturgisa da publicistis pier bomarSes (1732_1799) komedia.
153
keklucoba dRemde sakvirveli da sazareli Zalis iaraRad rCeba. es fandi, mSvenivrad rom
Seiswavla marivom10, gulisxmobs imis codnas, Tu rogor unda SesTavazo, mere uari stkico,
yasidad daeTanxmo da mere isev ganudge. amgvari TamaSi gansacvifrebel Sedegebs iZleva. ra-
rig Cinebuladac ar unda icnobdeT mis ileTebs, Tavs ueWvelad gahyofT maxeSi. da kacma rom
Tqvas, gasakviri aq araferia.
mamakacTa da qalTa did umravlesobas siyvaruli aReZvris mxolod keklucobis fande-
bis Semdgom, rac imedis pirvel naperwkals aRvivebs.
siyvaruli SesaZleblobis ideiT gamsWvalvaa. SesaZlebloba ki gardaiqmneba aucileblo-
bad, dauZlevel moTxovnilebad, cdunebad. roca ama Tu im mamakacis an qalis gulis monadireba
SeuZleblad migvaCnia, arc gvawuxebs amaze fiqri. gana Tqven dardobT, inglisis dedoflad
rom ar daibadeT? yovel mamakacs aRafrTovanebs greta garbosa11 da miSel morganis12 iSviaTi
silamaze, magram azradac aravis mosdis maTze oxvra da cremlebis Rvra. guldaisrulTa da-
sisTvis isini mxolod ekranis gmirebi arian, yovlad miuRwevelni. magram sakmarisia vinmes
Semoxedva, Rimili, sityva, moZraoba daemgvanos dapirebas, rom warmosaxva Cvenda daukiTxavad
maSinve Tavis sasargeblod miiTvlis. maS ase, sababi mogvces, Tumc patara, magram imedis mom-
cemi...
am wuTidan eWvi gvipyrobs da sakuTar Tavs vekiTxebiT: `nuTu marTla fiqrobs Cemze? xom
SeiZleba Sevuyvarde? warmoudgenelia! magram es avansi...~ mokled, rogorc stendali13 ambobda,
Cveni yuradReba masze `kristaldeba~, Cven mas ocnebiT vamkobT. asea zalcburgis sabadoebSic
_ marilis dakristalebis Sedegad brwyinvas iwyebs nebismieri nivTi. TandaTan survili gveq-
ceva akviatebul idead, cdunebad. kekluci qali, Tu mas ganzraxuli aqvs cduneba gaaxangrZli-
vos da mamakaci sigiJemde miiyvanos, mimarTavs fands, samyarosaviT Zvelsa da maradiuls _
garbis, oRond winaswar gagrZnobinebT, rom guls moufonavs mdevari, uars geubnebaT, oRond
gitovebT imeds: xval SesaZloa Seni gavxdeo. metic ar undaT, sabralo mamakacebi mzad arian
cxra mTas iqiT daedevnon maT.
es fandi saZraxisia, Tu kekluc qals mravali mdevaris asaforiaqeblad aqvs gamiznuli.
rac ueWvelad miiyvans orgulobamde. erTi ram gadaarCens mxolod _ Tu imarjva da SeZlo
arc araferi daTmos da arc sxvebis Tavmoyvareoba Selaxos. TviT yvelaze alersianma kek-
lucma qalmac ki SeiZleba aRuvsos mamakacs moTminebis fiala da molieris selimenasi ar
iyos, bevri kurdRlis madevarma, verc erTi ver daiWiros.
da piriqiT, keklucoba SesaZloa uwyinari da aucilebelic ki aRmoCndes sayvareli ma-
makacis SesanarCuneblad. aseT dros qalebs, simarTle rom iTqvas, sulac ar scxelaT kek-
lucobisaTvis. `yvelaze didi saocreba, rac siyvaruls moaqvs _ keklucobisagan gankurne-
baa~. Tu qali namdvilad Seyvarebulia, usityvod da ueSmakod miendoba mamakacs, xSirad
uangarod uZRvnis guls. magram xandaxan iZulebulia cotaTi mainc gaawvalos Tavisi mij-
nuri, rakiRa saqme aqvs mamakacTan, visac sicocxle ar SeuZlia utanjvelad. mamakacebs
eWvi hklavT da eWvi acocxlebT. da ai, xSirad uaRresad wminda, mosiyvarule qalic ki iZu-
lebulia satrfos keklucad moaCvenos Tavi, raTa SeinarCunos misi guli _ medicinis dac
xom asea, adamianis sicocxlis gadasarCenad zogjer ulmobeli xdeba. nemsi avadmyofs tki-
qali da mamakaci
vils ayenebs, magram misTvis aucilebelia. eWvianoba guls gvtkens, magram siyvaruls aRvi-
vebs.
Tu idumali megobari odesme gamomecxada, nu iqneba kekluci, Torem mec sxvebiviT ga-
vebmebi maxeSi.
mSvidobiT.
1956
III Tavi
10
p.k. marivo (1688_1763) _ frangi mwerali.
11
greta garbo (1905_1990) _ Svedi msaxiobi qali.
12
miSel morgani (daib. 1920 w.) _ frangi msaxiobi qali.
154 13
stendali _ namdvili saxelia anri beili (1783_1842), frangi mwerali.
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. andre moruam Tavis eseebs werilebis forma misca, romlebic TiTqosda mimarTulia
ucnobi qalisadmi. Tqven ukve gaecaniT ramdenime mwerlis teqsts, romlebsac weri-
lis forma hqondaT. amdenad, ukve iciT, rom werils, iseve rogorc yvela sxva litera-
turul formas, Sesabamisi Sinaarsi sWirdeba, raTa saTqmelma SeZlebisdagvarad srul-
yofilad Seisxas xorci. rogor fiqrobT, am SemTxvevaSi zustad SearCia mweralma forma
Tu ara? Tqveni azriT, sxva forma xom ar ajobebda imis saTqmelad, rasac mwerali gveub-
neba? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
2. andre moruam `werilebi ucnob qals~ 1956 wels anu naxevari saukunis win gamosca. Tqveni
azriT, teqsti dRemde sainteresod ikiTxeba Tu bevri ram uimedodaa moZvelebuli?
pasuxi daasabuTeT.
teqstis analizi
1. a. moruas azriT, dRes romantikulma siyvarulma dakarga Tavisi Zala, radgan Tavisuf-
lebas naziarebi qali aRar warmoadgens mamakacisTvis salocav, idumal RvTaebas _ axla
igi misi amxanagia.
ganmarteT, rogor gesmiT es azri.
SesaZleblad geCvenebaT imis Tqma, rom CvenSiac aseTive situaciaa? ratom?
2. andre morua wers: èrTxel oqtav mirbom dawera novela da mas ori Seyvarebulis dia-
logis forma misca. yovel saRamos xvdebodnen isini erTmaneTs mTvaris SuqiT mofe-
nil parkSi.
`sentimentaluri sayvareli (CurCulebs kidev ufro mibnedili xmiT, vidre mTvarea):
`Zvirfaso, SexedeT, ai, Cveni skami, Cveni Zvirfasi skami!~
qali (oxvriT da sasowarkveTiT): ò, isev es skami!~
maS ase, erideT skamebs, salocav adgilebad qceul skamebs!~
ganmarteT, rogor gesmiT es epizodi.
3. morua mogviTxrobs: èrTi Cemi nacnobi qaliSvili xalisiT mReroda xolme sazogado-
ebaSi da rakiRa turfa sanaxavi iyo, qebiT sul caSi ahyavdaT, mxolod erTi ymawvili
dumda, aras ambobda. bolos qaliSvilma hkiTxa: Tqven ra, Cemi simRera ar mogwonTo? _
ras brZanebT, saucxooa, magram ai xmac rom gqonodaTo...
qaliSvili swored mas misTxovda.~
qali da mamakaci
axseniT qaliSvilis gadawyvetilebis mizezi.
interpretacia
gaixseneT fransua viionis òrkeci balada~. am teqstis Seswavlis dros poetis satrfos
erTgvari fsiqologiuri portreti unda dagexataT. gadaxedeT Tqvens nawers. moruas ese-
III Tavi
ebis wakiTxvis Semdeg raimes xom ar SecvlidiT an daamatebdiT xsenebuli qalbatonis fsi-
qologiur portrets? gamoricxuli ar aris, axla sul sxvanairad gaiazroT im qalis Sina-
gani buneba. kidev erTxel waikiTxeT viionis leqsi, aseve gaiTvaliswineT, ras ambobs a. morua
keklucobaze da xelaxla SeasruleT es davaleba.
155
pozicia
1. moruas TqmiT, `safrangeTSi vaJebi da qaliSvilebi kvlav iswrafvian siyvarulisken,

magram mas eZeben myar qorwinebaSi. gaurbian vnebaze dafuZnebul qorwinebas, radgan
ician, rom vneba xanmoklea~.
Seesabameba Tu ara es mosazreba Tqvens warmodgenas dasavlur samyaroze? iqneb moZvelda
es informacia?
ras ityviT, amgvar viTarebas dasavlur samyaroSi gavrcelebuli e.w. `boifrendisa~ da
`gelfrendis~ institutis arseboba xom ar ganapirobebs? Tqveni azriT, SeiZleba Tu
ara es ori movlena erTmaneTTan davakavSiroT? ratom?
ras fiqrobT, rogori viTarebaa am TvalsazrisiT CvenSi?
2. andre morua wers: `dRes romanebSi gacilebiT met aRviraxsnilobas waawydebiT, vidre
cxovrebaSi~.
ramdenad Seesabameba es azri Tqvens warmodgenas dasavlur samyaroze? rogor fiq-
robT,namdvilad realuri warmodgena gvaqvs dasavluri cxovrebis wesze Tu es war-
modgena garkveuli stereotipis Sedegia, romelic romanebiTa da kinofilmebiT miRe-
bulma STabeWdilebebma Camogviyaliba?
1. wignSi `mSvenieri axali samyaro~ mwerali oldos haqsli14 Seecada daexata STamomavlo-
bis kvlavwarmoqmnis suraTi saukunis Semdeg. am wignis Tanaxmad bavSvebis Casaxva buneb-
rivi gziT aRarasodes moxdeba. siyvaruli, grZnoba, romantika? `mSvenieri axali samya-
ros~ warmomadgenlebs sZagT es abdaubda. saSinlad ebralebaT XX saukunis adamianebi,
rakiRa maT hyavdaT mamebi da dedebi, qmrebi da sayvarlebi. `sulac ar aris gasakviri, _
amboben momavali saukunis Svilebi, _ warsulis adamianebi saocrad boroti da ubeduri
arsebani rom iyvnen. ojaxi, vnebebi, metoqeoba Tesavda konfliqtebsa da kompleqsebs.
maT arsebaSi iZulebiT Canergili Warbi mgrZnobeloba Trgunavda zomierebasa da si-
dinjes~. erTianoba, erTnairoba, zomiereba _ ai usiyvarulo sazogadoebis devizi.
ras ityviT, SeiZleba odesme kacobrioba marTlac am gziT wavides da uari Tqvas mara-
diul grZnobebze? ratom? Tqvens komentars mieciT werilobiTi forma.
2. konstantine gamsaxurdias erT-erTi romanis (`mTvaris motaceba~) personaJi ambobs:
ès dasavleTuri supererotiuli, snobisturi civilizacia uTuod ryvnis adamianis
suls. me mgonia, aqac qristeanizmis feministuri zegavlenani mJRavndebian... aqidan da-
ibada es danteseburi, goeteseburi `marad qaluris~ gadaWarbebuli mexotbeoba. mili-
oni madona mxatvrobisa da mravali milioni `marias leqsebi~ petrarkadan15 dawyebuli
rainer maria rilkemdis16.
qali iyo dRemdis evropuli xelovnebis TiTqmis erTaderTi ucvleli muza, igive iT-
qmis mxatvrobis, musikis da xuroTmoZRvrebis mimarTac. da yvelaze metad qalurma na-
qali da mamakaci
ciam evropaSi Tavisuflebis emblemac qalis saxiT aRmarTa parizSi. dResac mTeli da-
savluri civilizacia gadaWarbebulad xazs usvams am maradJamul qalurobas.
mamakacTa ganmamakacebis niSani xom araa es? Zveli berZnuli kultura gacilebiT ufro
vaJuri iyo, vaJi apoloni17 iTvleboda sinaTlisa da silamazis RmerTad da vaJs umRe-
roda upiratesad mTeli berZnuli poezia da mxatvroba...~
Tqveni analitikuri komentaris momzadebis procesSi imazec ifiqreT, rodis rogori
iyo am TvalsazrisiT qarTuli kultura.
III Tavi
14
oldos haqsli (1894_1963) _ ingliseli mwerali.
15
franCesko petrarka (1304_1374) _ italieli poeti.
16
rainer maria rilke (1875_1926) _ avstrieli poeti.
156 17
apoloni _ sinaTlisa da xelovnebis RmerTi Zvel berZnul miTologiaSi.
Tvalsazrisi
Tu davakvirdebiT, unda vaRiaroT, rom siyvarulsac Tavisi wesebi, Tavisi kodeqsi aqvs,
romelic sxvadasxva epoqaSi da sxvadasxva qveyanaSi sxvadasxvanairia. magram ramdenad mniSvne-
lovania maT Soris gansxvaveba?
arsebobs viqtor hiugos 18 mier sacolisadmi gagzavnili werili, romelSiac mwerali
sastikad sayvedurobs ymawvil qals, imis gamo, rom man quCaSi kabis kalTa koWebamde aiwia,
ar dameTxvaroso. hiugo Turme ise ganrisxebula, rom lamis Tavi moikla. igi mzad iyo sai-
qioSi gaestumrebina yvela, vinc misi sacolis TeTri winda SemTxveviT dalanda.
dRes amgvari eWvianoba sxeulze, romelsac arxeinad ucqeren plaJebze, cota sasaci-
lodac ki moCans. ufro metic, SeiZleba dRes iseTi filmebi naxoT an iseTi romanebi wai-
kiTxoT, sadac gmirebi cinikurad saubroben TavianTi mijnuris gatacebebze. Tumca bolos
mainc pirdapir an iribad uwevT xolme sinanuliT imis aRiareba, raoden momxibvleli iyo
erTguleba, sinaze da TviT eWvianobiT gamowveuli tanjva-wamebac ki.
rogori mdgomareobaa am mxriv CvenSi? aiReT ilia WavWavaZis òTaraanT qvrivi~. kargad
gaiazreT, rogori sasiyvarulo kodeqsi moqmedebs kesosa da giorgis urTierTobaSi. Tval-
saCinoebisTvis Tqven mier gamoyofili wesebi calke CamowereT. mere Tqveni gemovnebiT Se-
arCieT romelime Tanamedrove qarTveli mwerali da misi iseTi nawarmoebi, romelSiac qalisa
da mamakacis urTierTobaa aRwerili. amjeradac calke CamowereT is wesebi, romlebic am
urTierTobas gansazRvraven. bolos Canawerebi erTmaneTs SeadareT. ras ityviT, ra da ramdenad
Seicvala am wesebSi? imsjeleT cvlilebaTa mizezebze.
qali da mamakaci
III Tavi
18
viqtor hiugo (1802_1885) _ frangi mwerali.
157
§ IV
avtoris Sesaxeb
`tariel Wanturias bunebrivi niWi aqvs, yvelaze ufro gacveTil

Temas ise Semoabrunebs, rom paradoqsul xasiaTs aniWebs. bunebrivia es
paradoqsuloba mkiTxvelSi garkveul interess iwvevs. da miuxedavad
imisa, eTanxmebiT Tu ar eTanxmebiT mas, SeuZlebelia yuradReba ar mi-
aqcioT.
poetis erT leqsSi, romelsac `dialogi mezobelTan~ hqvia, qals yve-
tariel laferi axsendeba, rac ki bavSvobaSi SemTxvevia im vaJTan, romelsac ela-
Wanturia parakeba. biWs araferi axsendeba imitom, rom ar uyvarda, qals uyvarda da
Tanamedrove amitom yvelaferi daimaxsovra. rasac qali eubneba, biWi yvelafers gak-
qarTveli
poeti
virvebuli usmens, raki rogorc giTxariT, mas ar hqonda is grZnoba, rac
`raki arsebobs im qals. aq Zalian didi sevdaa gadmocemuli gauziarebeli siyvarulisa da
aseTi Sesityveba _ am gauziarebel siyvarulSi amave dros Caqsovilia is keTilSobileba, ro-
maradiuli, waru- melsac es qali atarebs. Tumca, arc is biWia araferSi damnaSave. mas ubra-
vali Rirebule-
bebi, e. i. raRaca ar lod ar hyvarebia es misi mezoblis gogo, magram tkivili mainc didia: gan-
Secvlila. magram, cda am gauziareblobisa, martoobisa mainc didi gaxlavT da bunebrivad
raki dro marad eufleba igi mkiTxvelsac...
medinia da gaCe-
rebuls ver vxe- yvela is sevda, yvela is tanjva, yvela is tkivili, romelic SeiZleba
davT, e. i. Seicva- Tqven mis leqsebSi SegxvdeT da, Tu gnebavT is iumoristuli, ironiuli
la~. damokidebulebac, erT mTlianobaSi warmoadgens Cveni sulieri mxneo-
t. Wanturia
bis, Cveni sulieri gautexlobis safuZvels~.
akaki baqraZe
tariel Wanturia
Sen unda cisfer RrubelTan iwve
Sen unda cisfer RrubelTan iwve, da ca! _ RmerTebis cisferi holi _

unda Rrubeli gefinos lurji. Zlivs rom audis momsvlels da wamsvlels..
me Sens meuRles duelSi viwvev, maRali biWi lamazi coliT _
rom Cavaxedo Sens keTil sulSi. modian, magram midian wamsve:
Sen unda ucxod mosuli qari bolos da bolos erTi aqvs bolo
gifrialebdes nislisfer merdins, lomsa da Tinuss1, naZvsa da Rolos!
qali da mamakaci
gaiRos uceb samoTxis kari _ siyvarulisTvis! kargo, Cven mxolod

muxlebTan gejdes SemkrTali RmerTi... siyvarulisTvis gavCndiT da vcxovrobT!
ra jobs _ simRera Tu wyvili cremli! uxerxulia _ Sen gerqvas coli _
sad sjobs _ miwaze Tu miwis gareT!.. Sen unda cisfer RrubelTan iwve.
mze _ mzeze ufro didi da cxeli, aha, dambaCa da sveli Tovli! _
mTvare _ mTvarezec maRali mTvare, me Sens meuRles duelSi viwvev...
III Tavi
158 1
Tinusi _ Tevzis erT-erTi saxeoba.
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. daakvirdiT, leqsi faqtobrivad asociaciebis sakmaod rTul sistemas warmoadgens. igi

Sedgeba Tormeti orstriqonedisagan.
Tqveni azriT, rogori kavSirebi arsebobs maT Soris?
yovelTvis xerxdeba maTi erTmaneTTan martivad dakavSireba?
aucilebelia Tu ara, amgvari kavSirebi leqsSi yovelTvis gamokveTilad Candes da ara-

viTar azrTa sxvadasxvaobas ar iwvevdes? ratom?
2. SesaZlebelia Tu ara leqsis saTqmelis mokle arapoeturi teqstiT Cawera? am kiTxvas
rom upasuxoT, jer unda scadoT amis gakeTeba.
teqstis analizi
Tqveni azriT, t. Wanturias leqsSi romantikuli gancdaa gamoxatuli, xorcieli Tu

orive erTad? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
interpretacia
poeti wers:
ùxerxulia – Sen gerqvas coli –
Sen unda cisfer RrubelTan iwve.
aha, dambaCa da sveli Tovli! –
me Sens meuRles duelSi viwvev...~
rogor interpretacias gaukeTebT am fragments?
qali da mamakaci
III Tavi
159
avtoris Sesaxeb
àxali wignis gamocema dRevandel dRes aRaravis ukvirs, arc ukvirs

da aRarc uWirs _ fuli Tu gaqvs, ioli saqmea: jer unda dawero, mere kom-
piuterze aawyobino, daakabadonebino, mxatvars gaaformebino, miitano
stambaSi da daabeWdino. wignis naxevari tiraJi unda Camourigo nacnobebsa
da ucnobebs, sul iseTnair xalxs, sazogadoebaSi gamavloba rom aqvT da
dReSi samjer mainc Canan televizoris ekranze. mere unda moawyo `pre-
goderZi zentacia~ Tavisi àlafurSetebiTa~ da SampanurebiT, televiziis ramde-
Coxeli nime arxisa da sami-oTxi gazeTis korespondentebiT da mwerlis saxelic
1954_2007 im wigniviT xelSi giWiravs.
àdamianTa sevda
amis Semdeg unda arigo interviuebi. im interviuebSi unda iwuwuno,
saerToa, sikvdil-
sicocxlis sevda. rom xalxi wigns aRar yidulobs, rom saqarTveloSi kritika ar arsebobs,
ra aris sikvdili, mwerlebs saxelmwifo ar afinansebs da a.S. da a.S.
ra aris sicoc-
xle? ori kiTxva
asec xdeba, visac ar ezareba, asec iqceva.
da ori pasuxi, me momravldnen aseTi mwerlebi, aseTi wignebic momravlda. maRaziaSi Se-
mgoni, sevdaa ada- suls Tvalebi giWreldeba, amdeni axali saxeli, amdeni axali wigni Tav-
mianad yofna, meo-
re sevda ki _ ar-
brus gaxvevs, Tavgzas girevs _ yvelas xom ver iyidi, yvelas xom ver wa-
yofna~. ikiTxav, arada gainteresebs, ras weren, rogor weren.
g. Coxeli gamyidvels Tarodan gadmoaRebineb, iqve, daxlTan gadaSli da Tvals
Cahkrav...
ara, amas namdvilad ar iyidi, amas naRdad ver waikiTxav, rom mogisajon kidec, doCanaSvi-
lis gamogonebul sakanSic rom gamogamwyvdion da iq gayuryuton, mainc vera!
isev ai, es nacnobi gvari da saxeli mogxvdeba TvalSi, waepotinebi, amas gadaSlac ar unda,
Tvalis gadavlebac ar unda, isedac ici, rom es wigni TavisiT wagekiTxvineba, TavisiT gayidvi-
nebs Tavs, didi awon-dawonva aRar unda, gadaixade, raca Rirs da waiRe!
quCaSi gamosuli ydas daxedav _ `suleTis kidobani~ hqvia, sarCevsac CaaTvaliereb, Ziri-
Tadad axali moTxrobebia, erTic _ axali romani, zogi maTgani ki gecnoba: ai, `saziaro yvavi~,
`werili naZvebs~, àrwivTan frena~, `caswavala~...
garekanze avtoris fotoa dabeWdili _ goderZi Coxelisa.
amas ho, amas waikiTxav, romc ar gecalos, mainc waikiTxav, romc ar gindodes, mainc usaTu-
od waikiTxav~.
nugzar SataiZe
qali da mamakaci
goderZi Coxeli
cxra SekiTxva siyvarulis Sesaxeb

1
III Tavi
_ ukacravad. Tqveni saxeli?

_ goCa.
_ gvari?
_ CofikaSvili.
160 _ ramdeni wlisa xar, goCa?
_ Teqvsmetis.
_ Seyvarebuli Tu gyavs?
_ Seyvarebuli?
_ ho, ra iyo, raze gecineba?
_ ravi abaa!
_ ra hqvia?
_ vis?
_ Sens Seyvarebuls.
_ ar vici.
_ rogor, saxeli ar ici?
_ ara, mxolod erTxel myavs nanaxi da isic Soridan.
_ rogor fiqrob, ra aris siyvaruli?
_ ravi abaa! me mgoni maradiuli monatrebaa. . .
2
_ marTa pirveli.
_ oho! ra lamazi saxeli da gvari gaqvT!
_ marTlaa!
_ Zalian momwons.
_ ui, didi madloba.
_ marTa, SeiZleba siyvarulis Sesaxeb ramdenime kiTxva mogceT, xom ar gabrazdebiT?
_ ui, rogor gekadrebaT, piriqiT, me Zalian miyvars am Temaze saubari.
_ raxan asea, maSin gulaxdilad miTxariT, giyvarT vinme?
_ ara, me gaTxovili var!
3
_ Tqveni saxeli?
_ Cemi?!
_ diax.
_ kola, nikolozi, ise nikifores meZaxian.
_ Tqven romeli girCevniaT?
_ mee, niko.
_ ra gvari brZandebiT?
_ CuqurTmiSvili, nikifore CuqurTmiSvili.
_ col-Svili gyavT?
_ pirveli colisgan erTi biWi, axla jarSia, werils velodebi, meorisagan qal-biWni, um-
qali da mamakaci
crosi merveSia, ufrosi meaTeSi, gogo sjobia swavliTa, biWi yalTabandobs, ara uSavra kia. . .
biWi egeTi sjobia, gamaijekeba yvela saqmeSia, mec egre ar viyavi, ro? mesame coli kidev uSvilo
gamamadga, magram ras izam, ver gaagdeb da veraferi, iseTi Zmebi hyav, roma kacimWamlebi.
_ ras ityviT, ra aris siyvaruli?
_ ar gagigoniaa, SiSi Saiqms siyvarulsao, asprocentiani egrea; ra vqna uSvilo gamamadga,
magram iseTi Zmebi hyva ro pirdapir kacimWamlebi, miyors ma ra vqna, TavzeiT ro Zala aRar
III Tavi
aris, ras izam?

_ Svilebis siyvarulze ras ityviT?
_ ai, imaT enacvaloT mama, agree!
_ xom naxulob?
_ ara, aliment ugzavni. 161
4
_ romel klasSi xar lado?
_ meoTxeebSi gadavdivar.
_ ra niSnebi gyavs?
_ raviii!
_ Senma klaselma gogom miTxra orebs Rebulobso, marTla?
_ orebs ki ara, isaa.
_ maS, ra niSnebi gyavs?
_ xuTebi, oTxebi da alag-alag samebi.
_ ra gvari xar?
_ wiklauri.
_ Seyvarebuli xom gyavs?
_ Seyvarebuli ara, isaa!
_ me rom miTxres hyavso?
_ araferic.
_ Seni klaselia?
_ vina?
_ is gogo, Sen rom giyvars.
_ aravinac ar miyvars.
_ me rom miTxres?
_ ra giTxres?
_ lados is gogo uyvars, klasSi mis ukan rom ziso.
_ ukan ki ara, win zis _ wamoscda lados da sircxvilisagan awiTlebulma Tavi daxara.
5
_ me ra unda giTxraT siyvarulze, eg asaki ukve gaviare.
_ ra asaki?
_ ai, kacs rom hgonia, siyvaruli marTla rom arsebobs.
_ Tqven gindaT TqvaT, rom. . .
_ diax, diax, adre megona, rom arsebobda, magram Turme es yvelaferi bavSvobis iluziebi iyo.
_ mere rogor mixvdiT, rom ar arsebobs?
_ sul ubralod. skola rom davamTavreT, davSordiT. me institutSi gavagrZele swavla,
is jarSi wavida.
_ mere?
_ mere Cems Tanakurselze gavTxovdi.
_ ratom, ar giyvardaT?
_ hm, Sen ra Cemi qmariviT laparakob?
qali da mamakaci
_ mainc?
_ giyvars, ar giyvars, giyvarvar, ar giyvarvar, ra SuaSia aq sityvebi, mTavaria elementa-
ruli gageba, xom?
_ mainc raSi gamoixateba es elementaruli gageba?
_ me mgoni bevr rameSi, Tundac imaSi, rom ar unda mTxovdes angariSebs, sad viyavi, ratom
davigviane, es xom wvrilmania, ara?
III Tavi
_ gaaCnia, ra SemTxvevaSi.
_ xom giTxari?
_ ra miTxariT?
_ Cemi yofili qmariviT laparakobT-meTqi.
162 _ Serigebas ar apirebT?
_ visTan, imasTan?!
_ ukacravad.
_ araferze.
_ da kidev erTi kiTxva: is biWi rom Segxvdes da Zveli siyvarulis gaaxleba SemogTavazoT,
ras izamT?
_ visze ambobT?
_ Tqvens Tanaklaselze, me mgoni aqamde Camovidoda jaridan.
_ aaa, goCaze ambobT? is Semxvda kidec, rom gaigo qmarTan gacilebuli viyavi, aseo, iseo,
uSenod ar SemiZliao.
_ mere ra uTxariT?
_ vifiqreb-meTqi. im dRes ianvris ocdacxra ricxvi iyo, davTqviT, Tebervlis ocdacxra-
Si SevxvedrodiT erTmaneTs da maSin vetyodi Cems pasuxs. misamarTi gangeb ar miveci, iman
Zveli misamarTi icoda, Cven ki sacxovreblad sxvagan gadavediT. mokled, Tuki vinme saerTo
nacnobi gvyavda da Cemi axali misamarTi icoda, yvela gavafrTxile, ar eTqvaT misTvis Cemi
axali misamarTi.
_ ratom?
_ imitom, rom mainteresebda, adre marTla miyvarda Tu ara. Tu marTla miyvarda, xom ver
gavZlebdi da Tebervlis ocdacxraSi daTqmul adgilze Sevxvdebodi. ar mindoda Sevxved-
rodi manamde, gaige? Cems Tavs vamowmebdi.
_ mere ra gaarkvieT?
_ Tebervali ocdacxriT ki ara ocdarviT iyo.
_ da veRar SexvdiT?
_ me ocdarvaSic mivedi da pirvel martsac.
_ ar movida?
_ amas winaT isev SemTxveviT Semxvda da ici, ra miTxra? mapatie, ocdacxra Tebervals iseTi
saqme mqonda verafriT ver movaxerxe mosvlao. maSin mivxvdi, rom es yvelaferi bavSvoba iyo.
_ da aRar gjeraT?
_ araviTar SemTxvevaSi.
_ da mainc rogor siyvaruls isurvebdiT?
_ raRa Tqma unda, urTierTgageba rom iyos, iseTs.
6
_ beboo?
_ rao, Svilo?
_ siyvaruli ra aris?
_ siyvaruli ara xaar, ma ra xar, bebo genacvalos!
7
qali da mamakaci
_ Cemi saxelia apoloni.

_ gvari?
_ mRebriSvili.
_ sad muSaobT?
_ iq.
III Tavi
_ sad iq?
_ nu, ra saWiroa?
_ SemTxveva ro iyos, siyvarulis gulisaTvis Tu dasTmobdiT sicocxles?
_ vina? meee qalis gulisaTvis, kaco?! siyvaruli raRa aris, rom misi gulisaTvis sicoc-
xle gawiros kacma. 163
8
_ exlandelebi qaa?! exlandelebi aRarc sircxvils dagideven da aRarc namussa, gviyvar-
so! aetuzebian erTmaneTsa da hproSnian. zedac ar giyureben, ginda yofilxar iqa ginda ara,
gviyvarso! meree qaa?! exlandeli col-qmari ro dadian, egre davdiodiT Cvena? Cven ki ar
gviyvarda erTmaneTi?! Tu magaT swavla rom aq, sxvanairi siyvaruli ician? Cem qmars ro da-
vinaxavdi, igre Samazrialebda tanSi, rogorc ro ra? magrama ras SavimCnevdi, saxeli ra aris,
saxeliTac ver mivmarTavdi xalxSia, mrcxvenoda. isre wavida Sav miwaSia, me imisTvi Tvali ar
gamiyria TvalSia. axlandelebi? lamis aris, TvalebiT daWamon erTmaneTi.
ara, qaa! me magnairi siyvaruli ar mwams.
ar mwams da mamkal, aha!
9
mecxre da bolo kiTxva, Tumca bolo ratom? gana wina pasuxebidan rame gairkva? siyvaru-
lis raobisaTvis xom imdenive kiTxva SeiZleba daisvas, ramdeni adamianic aris qveyanaze. al-
baT yvela pasuxi marTali iqneba SekiTxvaze, Tu ra aris siyvaruli. marTali iqneba imitom, rom
yvela Taviseburad xedavs mas, magram sabolood mainc gaurkveveli darCeba, radgan TviTon
cvalebadi da gaurkveveli bunebisaa siyvaruli.
ase ar aris, mkiTxvelo?
scadeT, yvelam sakuTari pasuxi gasceT am SekiTxvas:
_ mainc ra aris siyvaruli, rogori bunebisaa igi da isurvebdiT Tu ara arsebobas mis
gareSe?
amiT maradiulad gagrZeldeba Cveni moTxroba, romelic verasodes Caswvdeba mis bune-
bas.
da Tu vinme mainc jiutad SemogibrunebT kiTxvas:
_ damimtkiceT, rom arsebobs siyvaruli.
amaze mxolod erTi pasuxi arsebobs: siyvaruli iseTi bunebisaa, damtkicebas ar saWiro-
ebs, igi TviTon mtkicdeba iq, sadac fexs daadgams!
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
qali da mamakaci
1. rogorc xedavT, teqsti mTlianad kiTxva-pasuxisgan Sedgeba. es garemoeba raime zegav-

lenas axdens Tu ara misi Janris gansazRvraze? ratom?
2. daakvirdiT goderZi Coxelis stils. rogoria igi: rTuli Tu martivi, uSualo Tu, ase
vTqvaT, `mwignobruli~? SeecadeT Tqveni STabeWdileba werilobiT CamoayaliboT.
3. teqsti cxra nawiladaa dayofili, romlebic gansxvavebuli eniTaa dawerili. zogjer
avtori saliteraturo qarTulis normebis darRvevasac ar erideba. aSkaraa, rom mwe-
III Tavi
rali cdilobs am xerxiT raRac konkretul mizans miaRwios. Tqveni azriT, ra aris es
mizani da aRwevs Tu ara mas goderZi Coxeli?
164
detalebis xelovneba
1. teqstidan viciT, rom pirvelive `respondenti~, goCa CofikaSvili, 16 wlisaa. gamo-

kiTxviT irkveva, rom mas uyvars gogo, romlis saxelic ar icis, radgan mxolod erT-
xel hyavs nanaxi da isic Soridan. Tqveni azriT, es SemTxveviTi detalia da amgvari
Seyvarebuli sxva asakis `respondentebsac~ SeiZleboda hyolodaT Tu ara? ratom?
2. samuSao rveulSi amoiwereT yvela `respondentis~ saxeli da gvari; daakvirdiT maT
asaks, metyvelebis maneras, azrovnebas, sxvadasxva detalebs da SeqmeniT TiToeuli maT-
ganis fsiqologiuri portreti.
kidev erTxel waikiTxeT teqstis me-8 nawili. SeecadeT, qarTuli literaturidan is per-
sonaJi qalebi gaixsenoT, romlebic daaxloebiT aseve azrovnebdnen.
Tavis droze amgvari msoflgancda warmmarTveli iyo CvenSi. daaxasiaTeT dRevandeli
mdgomareoba.
Tqveni azriT, ra da ratom Seicvala?

piradad Tqven rogor uyurebT amgvar cvlilebebs, ra aris TqvenTvis misaRebi an miuRe-
beli? ratom?
interpretacia
arseboben adamianebi, romelTac siyvarulis arsebobisa ar sjeraT da moiTxoven, dagvim-

tkiceT rom arsebobs da davijerebTo. maT gasagonad mwerali ambobs: `siyvaruli iseTi bu-
nebisaa, damtkicebas ar saWiroebs. igi TviTon mtkicdeba iq, sadac fexs daadgams~.
rogori iqneba Tqveni interpretacia?
qali da mamakaci
III Tavi
165
§ V
avtoris Sesaxeb
`me maxsovs _
misi saweri magida, dakawrul-daxazuli wvetiani sagnebiT _ `wiTel-
kanianTa beladze~1 aranakleb onavari biWunebis mier...
masTan erTad qalaqgareT waxetialeba calkarian, adamisdroindel av-
tobusiT natvris xis àRmosaCenad~ da mis dajRvarkul totebze feradi
nakuwebis Sesabmelad...
revaz fraza, _ `rad ginda, Svilo, violino, ra _ kaxeli ara xar?~ _ Cems da-
inaniSvili samoZRvrad rom warmoTqva, roca me uari ganvucxade mSoblebs violi-
1926_1991 noze dakvris Seswavlaze da riTac didad gaucrua imedi dedaCems...
àdamianebi sul Wilis qudze momxiblavad xeldafarebuli sofi lorenis foto misi
erTmaneTs eqiSpe-
bian, erTmaneTs wignebis karadis sul zeda Taroze, gabzaruli minis miRma...
ebrZvian, mzad ari- amJamad mxolod mis naxatze SemorCenili mamapapiseuli, baniani sax-
an kbilebiT gada- li `saferaviT~ anu `devis sisxliT~ ganTqmul sofel xaSmSi, patara ezo-
uRadron erTma-
neTs yeli. me ada- Ti, cistola kakliT da mozrdili ruTi gayofili venaxiT...
mianebi umweoebad zafxulis erT wvimian saRamos Weqa-quxiliT gulgaxeTqili pawia Ci-
meCvenebian, Zli- ti rom Semofrinda mis binaSi da iq myofTa Soris maincdamainc mas rom
ernic da sustnic.
CemTan aravin daaskupda Tavze...
imarjvebs aravis- surneli da gemo jayva-daniT gaTlil nacara vaSlebisa, riTac saa-
ze. mTavaria, gai- vadmyofoSi mis sanaxavad misuls mimaspinZldeboda...
marjvo sakuTar
Tavze~. sanaxevrod gaTxril misi samaridan mesaflaveebi rom amogvixtnen Wi-
r. inaniSvili risuflebs iqve, Soriaxlos atexili srolis gamo 1991 wlis 30 dekembers,
roca Tbilisis omis damTavrebamde zustad erTi kvira rCeboda...
yovelive es maxsovs...~
zaal samadaSvili
revaz inaniSvili
sami novela
mowmendili ca
qali da mamakaci
angiam cxeni SeaCera.

Wis Tavze wamoxrilma qalma amoixeda _ angias Tvalebs SeefeTa, aibna. cali xeli Rrmad
CaWril sakinZeze daifara, caliTac aCqarebiT auSva owinari.
angiam mainc dalanda misi TeTri mkerdi, siwiTlem ahkra, uazrod usvamda cxens kiserze
xels, Camoxta, axla fafars dauwyo TiTebiT varcxna.
qalma vedroebi aiRo da Cqari nabijiT wavida. Txeli, dawinwkluli CiTis kaba ecva, mxar-
III Tavi
mklavi SiSveli hqonda, kanWebic, Ronivrad miizneqavda ganier TeZoebs.
166 1
`wiTelkanianTa beladi~ _ amerikeli mwerlis o’ henris (uiliam sidni porteris) (1862-1910) moTxroba.
angia SeparviT adevnebda Tvals. mere, qali rom mesers moefara, cxens sadave aukra, WasTan
miiyvana, owinari daswia, vedro aavso da maRlidanve gadmoaqca cementiT amolesil navSi.
cxeni didxans svamda _ wrupuniT, Zlieri ferdebis berviT. angia gaSterebuli iyo, ar
ustvenda, rogorc es cxenebis darwyulebis dros ician xolme.
cxenma wyals Tavi daaneba, daifrutuna da Wis iqiT amosul mwvane balaxebs waswvda. angiam
sadave kiserze gadaacva, swrafad Seaxta, Semoabruna da adgilidanve WenebiT dasZra.
Saraze gasulma kidev amohkra quslebi da SeuZaxa kidec:
_ ha-hait, samglev!
sadalaqodan viRacam daadevna:
_ Sagvrigdi, arsen!
viRacam dasWyivla:
_ iiu, feTiano!..
magram ar swyenia. piriqiT: _ siyvaruliTac ki gaeRima.
WenebiTve SeiWra ezoSi da cxeni kinaRam ZaRls ar Seayena. ZaRlma iwyina, grZladCamoS-
vebul fexSi mietana.
aivanze umcrosi Zma biZina gadmodga.
_ ras moaWeneb mag daRlil cxensa?
angiam axeda. `ra saxe aqvs am RmerTZaRls~, _ gaifiqra da TviTonac saxe Seecvala. ara-
feri ar uTqvams, cxeni foranze gamoaba, Sig Cayrili balaxi auCeCa da kibeze avida.
aivanze sufragadaufarebeli magida idga. magidaze bostnidan axlaxan gadmotanili kit-
rebi, mrgvali pamidorebi, mwvanili da Sua-Sua datexili SoTebi eyara. samzareulodan nato
gamovida.
_ ra patara biWiviT moaWenebdi? _ hkiTxa RimiliT.
_ didi var gana?
_ ratom fexi ar mogaWama ZaRlma!
_ aba, aba! ra qmari dagirCebodi ufexod!
fanjaraze miyudebuli sarkis natexi aiRo, Caixeda, TiTebiT wveri moisinja da mere isev
natos miubrunda:
_ dilaze gaviparsav da naxav, oci wlis biWi gavxdebi isev Tu ara.
suras waswvda da moiyuda.
nato pamidors Wrida, wylis likliki rom Semoesma gamwyrali Semobrunda:
_ wyals rom svam, saWmeli rogor unda SeWamo?
angiam tuCebze xelis zurgi gaisva da Tvali Caukra:
_ glexkacma yvelaferi unda aitanos, Cemo colo!
_ aitan Sen!
_ vera viToma?
nato mixvda, rom angia raRac sxva TvaliT uyurebda. TviTonac SiSvel mklavebs da lamaz,
savse yels ufro metad aCenda, keklucobda.
pamidori daWra, xaxvi da mwvanili daaWra, jamebi Camoariga da qvabi gamoitana.
qali da mamakaci
_modiT, ras dgaxarT, dasxediT!

biZina aivnis boloze idga da waldiT raRacas Tlida. natos sityvebi TiTqos arc gae-
gonos. Tla ki wamiT Sewyvita. maSin angiam dauZaxa:
_ modi, biWo, ras akakuneb manda!
biZinam waldi da Cxiri moajirs miayuda, wamovida mZimed, warbSekruli, magidasTan daj-
da, gamxdar, garujul ybebze meCxeri wveri wamozrdoda, warbebs Sua Rrma Rari aCnda, ugu-
III Tavi
lod aiRo kovzi da jams Caacqerda.

angiamac aiRo kovzi, magram pirvelive lukmis Semdeg isev jamis kideze dado.
_ simware aklia, _ miubrunda natos, _ wiwaka ara gvaqvs Tu raa? moita, me mainc CaviWri
marto.
167
_ araferic ar aklia. _ Seutia natom, _ sul ar aris saWiro, rom gul-muceli amoiwva.
_ moita, dedakaco, Torema... _ angias gaeRima.
_ Torem, ra? _ RimiliTve SeekiTxa nato.
angiam mzera biZinasaken gaapara. biZina TavCaRunuli Wamda. maSin cols warbebiT raRac
aniSna, TqmiT ki es Tqva:
_ avdgebi da me TviTon movitan.
natom SeubRvira da mere RimiliT wamodga:
_ ijeqi, ijeqi, tyuilad Sen ver ipovni!
samzareulosaken mimavali mZlavrad adgamda fostlebSi wadgmul, msxvil, mzemokidebul
fexebs.
_ aha, amoiwvi erTi!
angiam wiwaka gamoarTva, daglija, jamSi Cayara, kovzi amouria, oriode lukma SeWama da
axla arayi moiTxova.
_ moita, amaswinaT rom dagvrCa, barem davlioT da eg iqneba.
natom isev iuara.
_ moita, moita da...
angia raRac iseT karg xasiaTze iyo, ar SeiZleboda uaris Tqma. nato wamodga da isev samza-
reulosaken wavida.
_ Sen ra, cudad xom ara xar, biWo, _ miubrunda angia biZinas.
_ cudad ki ara!..
_ aba rato ise ugemurad iReWebi?
_ unda wavide, erTi is murdali abesalomi vnaxo _ wamova Tu ara xval tyeSi.
_ raRa dros wasvlaa, Ramdeba kidec.
_ sxva dros ufro Znelad movaxeleb Sin.
natom magidaze boTli da Wiqa dadga.
angiam mklavze Tvali aayola, boTls sacobi moaZro, Wiqa gaavso da biZinas daudga:
_ dalie!
_ ar minda.
_ dalie da, nu inazebi patarZali-
viT!
biZinam Wiqa aiRo.
_ gagvimarjos, simware gvaSoros,
sitkbo mogvces.
_ gagvimarjos.
biZinam Wiqa gamocala. daiWyana da
sayveduriT Sexeda angias.
_ exla arayis daleva SeiZleba, am Sua
zafxulSi?
_ arayi exlaa kargi.
qali da mamakaci
angiam daisxa da gadakra. mere isev

Seavso Wiqa.
_ Senc dalie! _ miawoda natos.
_ gagiJdi?
_ dalie, ra moxdeba?
_ gagiJdi?
III Tavi
_ maSin isev me davlev, me mawyinos.

natom kovzi jamSi Caabruna da gak-
virvebiT Sexeda qmars. angiam Tvali Ca-
ukra.
168 _ kidev gagvimarjos!
moqneviT gamocala Wiqa.
biZina wamodga.
_ ukve midixar?
_ waval, aba ras vizam.
biZinam qudi daixura da kibes Caefara.
angia uyurebda.
`mdeviviT gaxdeba es RmerTZaRli erT-or weliwadSi~ _ Cailaparaka TavisTvis.
mere cols Sexeda.
natos uCveulod gaxarebuli Tvalebi hqonda.
angiam kovzi magidaze dado, RimiliT wamodga, tuCebi moiwminda, zurgidan wamouara.
natom Tavi gadmoswia _ ras sCadiso, wamoiwia, magram wamodgoma ver moaswro, angia mZime
mklavebiT daawva mxrebze.
_ aravin dagvinaxos, ram gagagiJa!..
biZina ki Saras mihyveboda _ Tavdaxrili, jibeebSi xelebCawyobili. mere bilikze gadaux-
via, beqobi asWra, buCqnari rom gaarRvia, patara velSi gavida, balaxebze xeli moafaTura da
gulaRma dawva, gaiWima.
ca mowmendili iyo, ukve varskvlavebic Cndebodnen.
Zirs, soflis boloSi, viRac iZaxda?
_ ola... olaa...
Tu:
_ kolaa! kolaa!..
_ ra daemarTa mag biWs?
_ zeinabi uyvars, _ siciliT miugo natom.
_ ra ici Sen?
_ miTxra.
_ i, daxe mag airumsa. mere ras Camostiris cxvir-piri.
_ Sen rogor iyavi, roca...
_ mee?.. me ise vicinodi, mTebi zanzarebdnen Cemi sicilisagan. xeebsa vglejdi da...
bindSi gayuCebul soflis orRobeebs qalis kiskisi dauvlis siTbosaviT.
_ ara gjera, gana?
eva
aq sibnele iyo, magram abeli mainc kargad arCevda: WiSkars miyrdnobili eva Rrmad sun-
Tqavda. mere muxlebze dafarebul CanTas cali xeli SeuSva, frTxilad daido winwamoweul
beretze da cota xnis dumilis Semdeg Tqva:
_ erTi ram unda gkiTxo!
_ ori mkiTxe.
evam Tavi daxara, qvemodan amoxeda.
qali da mamakaci
_ ara, axla ara.

_ aba, rodis?
evam cota xans kidev uyura ase.
_ xval, naxvamdis.
mibrunda da gaiqca.
meore saRamos abeli beber nekerCxalTan ucdida. eva cxris naxevarze unda gamosuliyo
III Tavi
saswavleblidan, sadac, abelis warmodgeniT, sul sofleli gogoebi swavlobdnen. Sesas-

vlelSic beberi TuSi ijda, Savi, anaforasaviT grZeli palto ecva, xakis maRalrkaliani
qudi exura ormociani wlebis kolmeurneobis TavmjdomaresaviT. cxris ocdaxuT wuTze ya-
visfrad gadaprialebuli taburetidan adgeboda, gverdze Tavgadaxrili SeaCerdeboda saaTs
da menavTeebis TiTberis zars aiRebda. ase iqneboda is xuTi wuTi, TiTqos raRac locvas ambobso 169
gulSi, gaxdeboda zustad cxris naxevari, zars Tavs maRla aswevda da iq, Tavs maRla, dareka-
vda. abels aTi-Tormeti wuTiRa unda ecada, magram esec did drod eCveneboda. nel-nela uS-
vebda papirosis bols da amvlel-CamvlelT uTvalTvalebda. zamTrispiris quCa sibneliT da
Txeli burusiT iyo savse. naTurebi bJutavdnen da im mbJutav, mowiTalo SuqSi mikrobebiviT
ireodnen Tqoris wveTebi. kuTxidan mTvrali kaci gamovida, ramdenime nabiji TiTqos mondo-
mebiT gamoiflatuna, mere Sedga, qudi moixada, mkerdze miido da simRera daiwyo:
Âåðíèñü, òåáÿ ëþáîâü çàâ¸ò, âåðíèñü!2
im mTvral kacs meore mTvrali kaci gamohyva. rom dainaxa, pirveli mReroda, miepara,
ramdenjerme gadaqan-gadmoqanda, fexi moiqnia da mTeli ZaliT amoscxo. pirvelma mTvralma
sajdomze qudi miifara da gaiqca, Tan sul ukan-ukan iyureboda. meore mTvrali icinoda da
ise milayunobda. abels rom daupirdapirda, yvirili morTo:
_ iiu! tenor! pervi liubovnik!
mere isic gaiqca.
imaTi wasvla iyo, da axla Savi wyvili moaxlovda. Tavwvrili mxrebganieri biWi patara
gogonasken daxriliyo da muqariT eubneboda:
_ me, xo ici, giJi var, torolebs avafren da mamaSenis samsaxurSi Cavsxam. mere iviSviSeT
Senca da dedaSenmac.
gogonam SeparviT gamoxeda abels da RimiliT Tqva:
_ suleli xar.
mere quCa gadaWra Wrelma katam, mere aiara marcxena xelze xerxgadakidebulma kacma.
da zaric daireka.
abelma dainaxa, rogor amoZravdnen saswavleblis yviTel fanjrebSi Savi landebi. mere
ukve gaSuqebul kibezec Camoifinen _ TiTqos moulodnelad dapataravebulni, sicivis Sex
vedris molodinSi, martosulebi, romlebic sadRac Sors miiCqarodnen, sadac unda dama
luliyvnen TavianTi martoobiT, unda ganTavisuflebuliyvnen am martoobisagan. bolos
evac gamoCnda, ruxi bereti isev ise exura _ odnav gverdze daxrili da win wamoweuli, Savi,
mokle palto ukanasknel Rilamde hqonda Sekruli. abels eCveneboda rom ocdaaTian wlebSi
palto dedamisis unda yofiliyo, mere ufros das ecva Taviseburad gadakeTebuli, mere,
samemkvidreo uflebiT evas gadmoeca. xoSorad naqsovi sqeli Sali, albaT recxvis gamo sa
siamovnod darbilebuliyo da bzinavda. pewi mainc ar dahkargvoda. sayelodan odnav amos
weoda gazis wiTeli Sarfi. marcxena, TaTmanian xelSi, CanTa ekava, marjvena, SiSveli xeli,
odnav ganze hqonda gaweuli da TiTqos haers ebjinebao, ise Camodioda _ raRac kmayofilebiT
savse, Tavaweuli.
abels am sofleli gogonasi sami ram moswonda gamorCeviT. pirvel yovlisa, ra Tqma un
da, jansaRi, mkvrivi tani, meore _ bibliuri saxeli eva (TviTonac xo bibliuri saxeli erqva
_ abeli) da mesame _ Tvalebi, mrgvali, mTvaresaviT bakmmovlebuli, damWknari balaxisferi,
pirvelyofili siwmindiT gamoSuqebuli. xSirad SeuniSnavs, rogor gaocebas iwvevda es
Tvalebi quCaSi. zogi utifradac brundeboda, axla zurgidan amowmebda am Tvalebis patrons
da Tumca am mxridan gansakuTrebuls verafers xedavdnen, mainc siamovnebis Rimili ar Sor-
debodaT saxidan. dae, yofiliyo ase! abelma, jer isev axalgazrdam, magram bevrgan navalma
III Tavi qali da mamakaci
da bevris mnaxvelma kacma, ukve kargad icoda ra SiSic dastrialebda yovelgvar zedmetad
TvalsaCinos veeberTela skebSi, romlebsac `Tanamedrove qalaqebi~ hqvia. mas tvirTad evas
Tvalebic sakmaod mZimed eCveneboda, xolo sagzlad... is ukve mis sijansaRes da simkvrivesac
imyofinebda!
`netav mainc ra aqvs sakiTxavi?~ _ aTasi raRac ifiqra da aTasmave, rogorc patara bavSvis
kiTxvam, Rimili mohgvara...
eva ise modioda, Soridan mayurebeli verafers SeamCnevda, abels icnobda Tu ara, axlos
mosulma sul cota kidev gamoswia marjvena xeli, abelma Tavisi xeli Seageba da ase, xelixel
170 2
dabrundi, siyvaruli gixmobs, dabrundi!
Cakidebulni wavidnen qvemoT. saxeSi Tqoris wvrili, uCinari wveTebi efrqveodaT. abeli efe-
reboda evas civ, patara, odnav daSaSrul xels da cdilobda ar gamohparvoda misi saxis mTlad
umniSvnelo cvlilebac ki. eva, rogorc weRan, kibeze, axlac Tavaweuli modioda, magram abelma
mainc Seatyo, rom weRandel kmayofilebas raRac Crdili daadga.
wavidnen moedanze, mTavari quCisken gauxvies, iq, trotuaris kuTxeSi, didi TuTa idga,
cali msxvili toti moxerxili hqonda. mainc mSvenieri xe iyo, evas Zalian uyvarda. erTxel,
zafxulSi, mTeli naxevari saaTi uyurebda, rogor ZiZgnidnen mis WroRa nayofs mawanwala,
WuWyiani beRurebi. erTxelac `mTvare iyo gaxlarTuli~ (es evas sityvebia) caze badesaviT ga-
fenil mis totebSi... axla arc beRurebi isxdnen, arc mTvare Canda, magram evam mainc aswia,
misalmebis niSnad, CanTiani xeli. mere abeli axlos miiyvana, TviTon zros mieyuda, TiTqos
daRlilia da suls iTqvamso, saxe moabruna da RimiliT Tqva:
_ roca Zalian, Zalian momenatreba Cemi sofeli, am TuTasTan movdivar. mivadeb ai, ase,
loyas da, mgonia, iqa var, iqauri suni momdis, Cveni baRisa. erTxel erTi qali movida da mkiTxa:
cudad xom ara xarT, qaliSvilo? erTxel ki ara, sxva drosac ukiTxavT, yovelTvis, rogorc ki
Seni sulis Zaxils ahyvebi, iseTi aRara xar, rogoric sxvebs undixar, da yvela gekiTxeba: cudad
xom ara xar? cudad xom ara xarT qaliSvilo? miTxariT, nu dageridebaT, me dedaTqvenis xnis
var, me mamaTqvenis xnis...
TuTas moscilda da abeli win gaswia. abeli Cumad iyo. TvalmouSoreblad Sehyurebda saxe-
Si da eRimeboda. eva ki, aSkara iyo, kvlav nerviulobda.
_ Senc ar mkiTxo, axla, cudad xom ara xaro, Torem gavgiJdebi.
_ ara, me arafers gkiTxav, _ miugo abelma. _ me Sens kiTxvas veli.
_ xoo? maS wamodi.
evam abeli Cqari nabijiT waiyvana da patara skverSi SeuZRva. skveri mTlad carieli iyo.
balaxebSi xmeli foTlebi eyara da im foTlebze Tqoris wveTebi brwyinavda. abels arc aq amo-
uRia xma. maSin evam rkinis boZTan miiy-
vana _ yvelaze naTel, naTel adgilas, _
Semobrunda, CanTa orive xeliT daiWi-
ra win, muxlebTan, da Tqva:
_ me mindoda, sinaTleSi, did sinaT-
leSi mekiTxa da Senc am sinaTleSi ge-
pasuxa (pauza), sxvisTvisac Tu gikocnia
ase (kvlav pauza), rogorc me...
abelma Seatyo, evas meti Zala aRar
hqonda, misi uTuod didxans namzadebi
scena damTavrda. axla is mxolod cxra-
meti wlis lamazi sofleli gogonaRa
iyo, romelsac wvimis wveTebis suni as-
dioda loyebze. abels rom simarTle
qali da mamakaci
eTqva... mas uamravi vinmesgan hqonda ga-

gonili, rom aseTi simarTle araviTar
SemTxvevaSi ar unda uTxra qals, unda
icruo, rac SeiZleba unaklod unda ic-
ruo, TviTon im qalis sasikeTod... da
man Tvali TvalSi gauyra evas da icrua:
III Tavi
_ ara. arasodes.
_ meficebi?
_ geficebi.
evasTvis imasac ki ar hqonda mniS-
vneloba, ras eficeboda abeli. 171
maSin mas Tvalebi cremliT aevso da tuCebis TrTolviT Tqva (cdilobda Tavi ar daexara):
_ me samjer makoces, samjerve mTlad ucnobma biWebma, quCaSi, Tu ginda mapatie, Tu ginda,
ara...
abels Jruantelma gauara fexebSi, saocari sicxadiT igrZno, ra gemoc hqonda evas tuCebs,
da dajda, pirdapir kvlis kideze dajda.
ijda ase da raRac gaurkveveli gamometyvelebiT Sehyurebda evas, romelic kvlav cdi-
lobda, Tavi ar daexara Zirs.
mere abels nel-nela gaeRima, kvalze xeli moafaTura, goroxi ipova, gaiqnia da tuiis
buCqSi Caagdo. buCqis ramdenime toti SeSfoTebiT Seirxa da isev male gaCerda.
medea
_ yvelaferi maRal doneze! yvelaferi daxvewilad!

erTi didi qelexis
samzadisSi gagonili
_ Cven im wylebiT varT monaTlulni, kavkasionidan rom Camoedinebian da amiranis sisxli

CamoaqvT barad. _ mWevrmetyvelebda Tamada.
qalma saaTs daxeda da Tqva:
_ pirveli daiwyo. me mivdivar, Senc wamodi.
odnav waxrili gauyva grZlad wasul sufras. Txeli, Camoxvewili TeZoebi hqonda. lamazad,
mtkiced midioda waxrilic ki. gaiozic mihyva. gareT rom gavidnen, qali gasworda da Tavisuf-
lad amoisunTqa. orives ukvirda rom aravin gamoedevna. qali manqanasTan mivida, Cajda, gad-
moiwia da gaiozisTvisac gaaRo kari. gaiozi gaRimebuli Caujda.
qalma manqana aamuSava da uceb daZra. welSi gamarTuls, grZeli SiSveli mklavebiT Ronivrad
eWira saWe. iseTi siswrafiT midioda, mosaxvevSi borblebi wiodnen. gaiozi RimiliT Sehyu-
rebda TiTqos fosforiT ganaTebul mis saxes da fiqrobda: àmas namdvilad raRac aqvs medeasi.
es Txeli, patara cxviri, es mkveTri tuCebi... amas ki namdvilad raRac aqvs kolxi medeasi.~
vakis gadasaxvevSi miliciis motocikli idga. iqve iyo gaCerebuli ori `Jiguli~ da ram-
denime kaci. milicielma sastveni daustvina. qalma biWurad Tqva: `wadi Seni~... gaiozma mainc
gaixeda gareT. milicieli motocikls gadaajda.
_ gamogvekida.
_ davaJeJineb ukanals. _ qalma siCqares moumata.
_ kidev mogvdevs?
_ ki.
_ cotac dainayos.
cotazec ase iares. mere motocikli gaupirdapirdaT.
qals gaeRima:
_ eyofa. xnieri yofila.
qali da mamakaci
manqana daamuxruWa, gaaCera. gaCerda motociklic. milicielma qudi Sublidan aiwia. gaiozma
kari gaaRo. qalma xeli mohkida, _ Sen iyavi, _ gadavida, Cqari mkveTri nabijebiT mivida mili-
cielTan. iq ise gaCerda, gaiozs ar daenaxa, raRac rom aCvena. milicielma umweod axeda, xeli
auwia. qali gamoiqca, saWes miujda da isev swrafad wavida. odnav gaRimebulma moxeda gaiozs.
_ CemTan amoxval.
gaiozs araferi uTqvams.
III Tavi
manqana maRali verxvebiT Camobnelebul ezoSi gaCerda. gadmovidnen. qalma kari Caketa da
mSvidad wavida sadarbazosken. gaiozi rogoriRac uswormasworo nabijiT mihyva. sanam lifti
Camovidoda, mousvenrad idga. qali qveda tuCs ikvnetda da pirdapir iyureboda. liftSi rom
Sevidnen, gaiozma aSkarad aTrTolebuli xelebi saxeze Semoawyo da tuCebSi akoca. qali wamiT
172
mihyva, mere Tavi gaiTavisufla da Tqva:
_ moicade.
qalis binas ormagi kari hqonda. erTi Cveuleb-
rivi, xis, meore, SigniTa, rkinis. uxmaurod gaiRo
erTic da meorec. holSi Sesulma gaiozma frTxi-
lad mimoixeda. raRac uCveulod mqrqali cisferi
Suqi ifrqveoda kedlebidan. ès Tua is remonti,
asi aTasi rom jdeba~. qali Caixara:
_ am sazizRar fexsacmels gavixdi.
gaiozi mTeli mklavebiT daswvda, qali gaswor-
da, tuCebi ar daaneba.
_ moica, moica. CauSvi xelebi.
gaiozi daemorCila, qalma fexsacmeli gamoic-
vala da erTic uTxra:
_ qajuri araferi iyos, kargi?
_ rogorc Sen mibrZaneb, lamazo. _ gaiozma vaW-
ruli waxumrebiT gaSala xelebi.
_ arc egeTi rameebi.
_ rogori?
_ Zalian kargad mixvdi, rasac geubnebi.
gaiozi mixvda, rasac qali eubneboda, magram ma-
inc iuara.
_ ver mivxvdi.
_ vera?
qali ganjinasTan mivida, Rilaks TiTi daaWira. kari TavisiT gaiRo. SigniT uamravi sxvada-
sxvanairi boTli idga. uceb mobrunda.
_ signalizacia CaurTavi damrCa.
_ auh!
_ Camomyevi.
_ ra Camoyola ginda?
_ risa geSinia?
qalma mxrebi aiCeCa da karisken wavida. karebi gamoaRo, gaiozs eloda. gaiozs gaeRima,
qals win gauara da gareT gavida. qalma kari swrafad moxura da gadaraza. gaiozi kars mxriT
miawva. Zvra ver uyo. idga dafiqrebuli. mere zars TiTi frTxilad daaWira. yrud, magram mainc
SemaSfoTeblad gaisma zaris xma miyuCebul saxlSi. erT xans kidev idga, aqeT-iqiT iyureboda.
mere gaecina da nel-nela dauyva kibes.
qali da mamakaci
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. daakvirdiT, rogor mTavrdeba èva~ da `medea~. elodiT aseT dasasruls? SeecadeT pi-
III Tavi
robiTad daasaTauroT rogorc erTi, ise meore novelis finali. saamisod novelebis
wakiTxviT aRZruli gancdis gaanalizeba mogiwevT.
2. saerTod, revaz inaniSvilis prozas erTi Tviseba aqvs _ igi TiTqmis yovelTvis kargi
leqsiviT aRZravs raRac konkretul mZafr gancdas. amjerad am mwerlis sami novela wa-
ikiTxeT. SeecadeT, TiToeuli maTganis wakiTxvis Semdeg aRZrul gancdas saxeli daarqvaT. 173
3. gadaxedeT èvas~ dasawyiss, rogor aRwers mwerali saswavleblis mekare beber TuSs, mis
Jestebs, moZraobebs. iseTi iluzia iqmneba, TiTqos am adamians Cveni TvaliT vxedavdeT.
daakvirdiT da samuSao rveulSi CaiwereT, romel novelaSi rogori meTodiT aRwers
mwerali Tavis personaJebs: JestebiTa da moZraobiT cdilobs maTi Sinagani mdgomareo-
bis warmoCenas Tu gancdebs pirdapir arqmevs saxelebs? Tqveni azriT, yvelaze ufro
reliefurad romel novelaSia personaJebi daxatuli? ra xerxebia saamisod gamoyene-
buli?
detalebis xelovneba
1. gTavazobT erT pasaJs èvas~ dasawyisidan:

`SesasvlelSi beberi TuSi ijda, Savi, anaforasaviT grZeli palto ecva, xakis maRal-
rkaliani qudi exura ormocdaaTiani wlebis kolmeurneobis TavmjdomaresaviT. cxris
ocdaxuT wuTze yavisfrad gadaprialebuli taburetidan adgeboda, gverdze Tavgadax-
rili SeaCerdeboda saaTs da menavTeebis TiTberis zars aiRebda. ase iqneboda is xuTi
wuTi, TiTqos raRac locvas ambobso gulSi, gaxdeboda zustad cxris naxevari, zars
Tavs maRla asweevda da iq, Tavs maRla, darekavda.~
marTalia, gasuli saukunis ormocdaaTiani wlebis kolmeurneobis Tavmjdomare ara-
sodes ginaxavT da arc misi xakis maRalrkaliani qudisTvis mogikravT Tvali; arc dRe-
vandel saswavleblebSi reken menavTeebis TiTbris zars, magram amas mniSvneloba ara
aqvs _ es yvelaferi SeiZleba Zvel qarTul filmebSi naxoT. mTavari is aris, ramdenad
reliefurad aRwers mwerali novelaSi wamiT gaelvebul personaJsac ki. beberi TuSi
xuTi wuTiT adre emzadeba zaris dasarekad. am detalze dayrdnobiT SeecadeT am kacis
xasiaTi warmoidginoT. raze migvaniSnebs es niuansi? beberi TuSis daxasiaTeba rveulSi
CaiwereT, SegiZliaT patara novelac daweroT.
2. novelaSi `medea~ aris aseTi epizodi: qali miliciels ar daemorCila da manqana ar gaaCera.
~ _ gamogvekida. _ Tqva gaiozma.
_ davaJeJineb ukanals. _ qalma siCqares moumata.
_ kidev mogvdevs?
_ ki.
_ cotac dainayos.
cotazec ase iares. mere motocikli gaupirdapirdaT. qals gaeRima:
_ eyofa. xnieri yofila.
manqana daamuxruWa, gaaCera. gaCerda motociklic. milicielma qudi Sublidan aiwia...~
rogorc xedavT, mwerali uaRresad dawuruli, lakoniuri stiliT mogviTxrobs am am-
bavs. arc erTi zedmeti fraza an sityva, mxolod is da imdeni, ramdenic saWiroa, rom
gavigoT, ra xdeba. gaCerda manqana. gaCerda motociklic da moulodnelad mwerali gve-
ubneba, milicielma qudi Sublidan aiwiao. Tqveni azriT, ra mizans emsaxureba es detali?
daakvirdiT, rogor efeqts qmnis milicielis es uneblie moZraoba?
qali da mamakaci
analizi
1. Tqveni azriT, vis miemarTeba `medeas~ epigrafi, gaiozs Tu medeas? ratom?

2. gaixseneT argonavtebis miTi. qali gaiozs Tavidanve kolx medeas agonebs. ratom? Tqven
III Tavi
ramdenad gamarTlebulad geCvenebaT aseTi paraleli?

3. abeli Tvlis, rom evas sasikeTod unda icruos. rogor warmogidgeniaT, SesaZlebelia
Tu ara aseTive tipis urTierToba hqondeT angiasa da natos? gaiozsa da medeas? ratom?
174
Tqveni mosazreba daasabuTeT.
4. medeas raRac ar moewona. gaiozi gareT gaityua da zed cxvirwin miuketa karebi. SeiZleba
davuSvaT, rom medeas adgilze mamakacic ase moiqceoda? ratom?
5. Tavidan ar Cans WasTan misuli angia rogor gunebazea. mwerali amis Sesaxeb arafers
gveubneba. magram raki saRamoxania, albaT unda vifiqroT, rom angia samuSaodan brun-
deba, daRlilia da moSiebuli. WasTan ucxo qalis naxvis Semdeg ki ukve energiiT savse,
gamxiarulebul angias vxedavT, romelic patara biWiviT miaWenebs saxlisaken cxens.
guneba-ganwyobis aseTi radikaluri Secvla mxatvrulad motivirebuli geCvenebaT Tu
ara? ratom? Tqveni mosazreba daasabuTeT.
1. `yovelTvis, rogorc ki Seni sulis Zaxils ahyvebi, iseTi aRara xar, rogoric sxvebs
undixar~. _ am sityvebs eva ambobs. Tqveni azriT, imisaTvis rom es azri aRviqvaT, main-
cdamainc evasTan unda davakavSiroT igi Tu ara? saerTod, rogor gesmiT es azri?
2. Tvalze cremlmomdgari da tuCebaTrTolebuli eva simarTles eubneba abels. abeli
cruobs, radgan ùamravi vinmesgan hqonda gagonili, rom aseTi simarTle araviTar SemT-
xvevaSi ar unda uTxra qals, unda icruo, rac SeiZleba unaklod unda icruo, TviTon im
qalis sasikeTod...~
SesaZlebelia Tu ara qalisa da mamakacis aseTi urTierToba bavSvisa da mozrdili ada-
mianis urTierTobas SevadaroT? ratom?
saerTod, SexvedrixarT Tu ara romelime wignSi, filmSi an cxovrebaSi qalisa da mamaka-
cis aseT urTierTobas? rogor gesmiT da eTanxmebiT Tu ara mosazrebas, rom raRac momen-
tSi kacma qalis sasikeTod unda icruos? rogor SeiZleba daxasiaTdes amgvari situacia?
Tqvens komentars mieciT werilobiTi forma.
interpretaciebi
1. kidev erTxel waikiTxeT èvas~ finali. dafiqrdiT, ratom gauara abels Jruantelma
fexebSi, uneblieT ratom Cajda svel balaxSi da mere nel-nela ratom gaeRima, roca
evas naTqvami moismina? rogori iqneba Tqveni interpretacia?
2. waikiTxeT Semdegi fragmentebi:
`medea~: `manqana maRali verxvebiT Camobnelebul ezoSi gaCerda. gadmovidnen. qalma
manqanis kari Caketa da mSvidad wavida sadarbazosken. gaiozi rogorRac uswormaswo-
ro nabijiT mihyva. sanam lifti Camovidoda, mousvenrad idga. qali qveda tuCs ikvnetda
da pirdapir iyureboda~.
èva~: `netav mainc ra aqvs sakiTxavi?~ _ abelma aTasi raRac ifiqra da aTasmave, rogorc
qali da mamakaci
patara bavSvis kiTxvam, Rimili mohgvara... eva ise modioda, Soridan mayurebeli verafers
SeamCnevda, abels icnobda Tu ara. axlos mosulma sul cota kidev gamoswia marjvena
xeli, abelma Tavisi Seageba da ase, xelixelCakidebulni wavidnen qvemoT. saxeSi Tqoris
wvrili, uCinari wveTebi efrqveodaT. abeli efereboda evas civ, patara, odnav daSaSrul
xels da cdilobda ar gamohparvoda misi saxis mTlad umniSvnelo cvlilebac ki.~
`mowmendili ca~: àngiamac aiRo kovzi, magram pirvelive lukmis Semdeg isev jamis
III Tavi
kideze dado.
_ simware aklia, _ miubrunda natos, _ wiwaka ara gvaqvs Tu ra? moita, me mainc CaviWra
marto.
_ araferic ar aklia, _ Seutia natom, _ sul ar aris saWiro, rom gul-muceli amoiwva.
_ moita, dedakaco, Torema... _ angias gaeRima. 175
_ Torem, ra? _ RimiliTve SeekiTxa nato.
angiam mzera biZinasaken gaapara. biZina TavCaRunuli Wamda. maSin cols warbebiT raRac
aniSna, TqmiT ki es Tqva:
_ avdgebi da me TviTon movitan.
natom SeubRvira da mere RimiliT wamodga:
_ ijeqi, ijeqi, tyuilad Sen ver ipovni!~
am fragmentebidan gamomdinare mokled daaxasiaTeT samive wyvilis urTierToba. ro-

mel wyvilTan vis upyria iniciativa urTierTobaSi _ qals Tu mamakacs? raime zegavle-
nas axdens Tu ara es garemoeba wyvilebis urTierTobaze? Tqveni azriT, mniSvnelovania
Tu ara es zegavlena?
Tvalsazrisi
revaz inaniSvils aqvs erTi mcire miniatura saTauriT `kaci da qali~, romelsac aqve gTa-
vazobT:
kaci da qali
Tebervlis civi, qariani wvimis Semdeg (qari kvlavac qris), saRamo xanis svel bindSi, rbi-
lad gadagluebuli gorakis ferdobs nel-nela asdevs balanCamoZenZili gamxdari mela. wava,
CrdiliviT uxmod gaZvreba CaSavebul ZeZvebsa da uro balaxis bRujebs Soris, SeCerdeba, azu-
zuli moxedavs qarsa da horizontze daxvavebul amRvreul Rrublebs, uwadinod daaRebs pirs
da amoixavlebs:
_ bhaa!
wava, qari waagverdelebs, gaZvreba ZeZvebs Soris, isev SeCerdeba, isev moixedavs da amoi-
xavlebs sabraloblad:
_ bhaa!
kaci da qali erTmaneTs mihkvrian da sunTqvaSekrulni uyureben.
kacma Tqva:
_ Sia.
_ oh, ras abob! _ ukmayofiloa qali, _ martoa da guneba stkiva.
rogor fiqrobT, Tqven mier wakiTxuli sami novelis sami wyvilidan romlebi SeiZleba
warmovidginoT am miniaturis qalisa da mamakacis adgilas da romlebi _ ara? ratom?
qali da mamakaci
III Tavi
176
§ VI
avtoris Sesaxeb
`me igi maSinve vicani _ Tavis meuRlesTan, meri uelSTan erTad sen-
miSelis bulvarze seirnobda parizSi. 1957 wlis gazafxulis wvimiani dRe
iyo. isini quCis meore mxares midiodnen, luqsemburgis baRisken. uzar-
mazari kaci, romelsac gaxexili jinsis Sarvali ecva, Tavze ki beisbo-
listis qudi exura, mkveTrad gamoirCeoda sxvebisagan, Tumca uxeSi Za-
lis gansaxierebaao, mainc ver ityodi.
ernest im dros igi ormocdacxrameti wlisa iyo, magram sicocxlis xalisiT
heminguei sorboneli axalgazrdebis nakadSic ki iqcevda yuradRebas, fiqradac
1899_1961 ver gaivlebdi, rom sul raRac oTxi wlis Semdeg is cocxali aRar iqne-
`mwerlis amocana boda.
ucvlelia. Tvi-
Ton icvleba, amo- dabneuli videqi da ver gadamewyvita, ra meqna. makavebda Cemi primi-
cana ucvleli tiuli inglisuri, mtanjavda azri, rom ver gavugebdiT erTmaneTs. ama-
rCeba. es amocana ze ukeTesi veraferi movifiqre _ tarzaniviT mivitane xelisgulebi pir-
ki yovelTvis ima-
Si mdgomareobs, Tan da daviRriale:
wero simarTliT `ma-a-a-eee-stro!!!~
da Seni aRmoCeni- heminguei umalve mixvda, rom mis garda studentTa masaSi maestro
li simarTle ise
gamoxato, rom aravin iqneboda, Semobrunda, xeli maRla aiqnia da biWuri simkvircxliT
mkiTxvelma saku- momaZaxa espanurad: àdios, amigo!~
Tari gamocdile- es iyo Cemi erTaderTi Sexvedra masTan (maSin 28 wlis viyavi). miuxe-
bis nawilad mii-
Ros. araferi ar davad amisa, am SemTxvevam samudamod damitova gancda, rom Cems cxov-
aris amaze rTuli rebaSi raRac araCveulebrivad mniSvnelovani ram moxda~.
da swored am
rTuli amocanis gabriel garsia markesi1
SesrulebisTvis
xdeba mwerali di-
debis Rirsi~.
e. heminguei
ernest heminguei
TeTri spiloebis msgavsi mTebi
ebros2 gaRma mTebi grZeli da TeTri iyo. gamoRma verc xes dalandavdi, verc Crdils,
rkinigzis or xazs Soris moqceuli sadguri mzis gulze ido. sadguris SenobaRa hfenda
SexuTul Crdils, da baris Ria karze buzebisagan Tavdasacavad lerwmis farda CamoeSvaT.
amerikeli da misi Tanamgzavri qali magidas mosxdomodnen CrdilSi, Senobis gverdiT. Takara
sicxe iyo da barselonidan eqspress ormoc wuTSi unda gamoevlo. or wuTs idga xolme sad-
qali da mamakaci
gurSi da mere madridisken midioda.

_ ra davlioT? _ ikiTxa qalma. qudi moixada da magidaze dado.
_ Zalian Camocxa, _ Tqva kacma.
_ ludi davlioT.
_ os cervezas3 _ farda gadaswia da gasZaxa kacma.
_ didi tolCiT? _ karebidanve ikiTxa oficiantma qalma.
III Tavi
_ ho. ori didi tolCa.
1
gabriel garsia markesi _ Tanamedrove kolumbieli mwerali.
2
ebro _ mdinare espaneTSi.
177
3
os cervezas _ ori tolCa ludi (esp.)
oficiantma gamoitana ori didi tolCa ludi da qeCis ori dasadgmeli. qeCis naWrebi da
tolCebi magidaze daalaga da kacsa da mis Tanamgzavr qals Sexeda. qali mTebs gascqeroda.
mzeze TeTrad elvarebda mTebi, sxva yvelaferi ki, irgvliv, mura da gamxmari Canda.
_ TeTr spiloebs ara hgavs! _ Tqva man.
_ Cems dReSi ar minaxavs, _ kacma Tavisi tolCa gamoscala.
_ eh, Sen sad naxavdi.
_ viTom ratom, _ uTxra kacma, _ raki Sen ambob, kanoni ggonia eg Seni sityva?!
qalma lerwmis fardas gaxeda.
_ raRac dauweriaT zed. _ Tqva man, _ rao, ra weria?
_ Anis del Toro, raRac sasmelia.
_ ar gagvesinja?
kacma farda gadaswia da gasZaxa:
_ mogvxedeT!
baridan oficianti qali gamovida.
_ oTxi reali.
_ Anis del Toros mogvitane.
_ wyliT?
_ wyliT girCevnia?
_ ra vici, _ upasuxa qalma, _ kargia wyliT?
_ ara uSavs.
_ wyliT gnebavT? _ ikiTxa oficiantma qalma.
_ wyliT iyos.
_ Zirtkbilas gemo dahkravs, _ Tqva qalma da Wiqa dado.
_ yvelaferi ase ar aris!
_ marTlac, _ miugo qalma, _ yvelafers Zirtkbilas gemo dahkravs. miT umetes, roca gam-
warebiT elodebi rames, absenTisa ar iyos.
_ eh, kargi erTi.
_ Sen TviTon ar wamoiwye, _ uTxra qalma, _ me isedac mSvenivrad viyavi, didebulad ga-
verTe.
_ modi vcadoT, marTlac gaverToT.
_ siamovnebiT. me ukve vcade, es mTebi TeTr spiloebs hgavs-meTqi, vTqvi. kargi ar iyo?
_ kargi iyo.
_ am axali sasmelis gasinjvac mindoda. an ki ras vakeTebT mets _ davdivarT da axal
sasmelebs vaWaSnikebT.
_ mainc asea.
qalma mTebs gadaxeda.
_ ra mSvenieri mTebia, _ warmoTqva man, _ marTali Tu ginda, TeTr spiloebs sulac ara
hgavs. marto feri mivamsgavse, ase Soridan rom gaxedav.
_ kidev davlioT?
qali da mamakaci
_ davlioT.
Tbilma niavma daubera da lerwmis farda magidas miaxala.
_ civi ludia, sasiamovno. _ Tqva kacma.
_ didebulia.
_ sul ubralo operaciaa, jig, _ uTxra kacma, _ arc ki eTqmis operacia.
qalma magidis fexebs Caayola Tvali da miwas daxeda.
III Tavi
_ verc ki gaigeb, jig. sul ubralo ramea. haers SeuSveben da morCa.

qals araferi upasuxnia.
_ mec gamogyvebi, erTi wuTiTac ar mogSordebi. haers SeuSveben da morCa, yvelaferi
kargad iqneba.
178
_ mere ras vizamT?
_ mere ra gviWirs _
viqnebiT didebulad,
rogorc manamde viya-
viT.
_ ratom ggonia?
_ es rom ar gvawuxeb-
des, sxva ra gviWirs.
marto aman gagvaubedu-
ra.
qalma lerwmis far-
das gaxeda, mere xeliT
swvda da ori lerwmis
joxi gamoswia.
_ Sen ggonia, mere
kargad wava saqme da bed-
nierebi viqnebiT?
_ eWvic ar mepareba.
risi geSinia! ramdens
gaukeTebia es, me TviTon
vicnob.
_ mec vicnob, _ Tqva qalma, _ mere yvela bednierebas ewia.
_ Sen Tu ar ginda, nu gaikeTeb, _ uTxra kacma, _ me ar gaZaleb, Sen TviTon Tu ar ginda. magram
es ki vici, rom sul ubralo ramea.
_ Sen namdvilad ginda?
_ me mgoni, yvelaze Wkvianuri iqneba. Tumca, Tu ar ginda, me ar dagaZaleb.
_ vTqvaT, gavikeTe _ gagexardeba? Zveleburad Tu iqneba yvelaferi, Tu geyvarebi?
_ me axlac miyvarxar. xom ici, rom miyvarxar!
_ vici, magram es rom gavikeTo, isev kargad iqneba yvelaferi? roca rameze vityvi, TeTr
spiloebs hgavs-meTqi, Sen mogewoneba?
_ momewoneba. axlac ki momwons, magram magisi Tavi ara maqvs. Senc xom ici ra momdis, roca
rame mawuxebs.
_ es rom gavikeTo ar Sewuxdebi?
_ ara. imitom, rom eg sul advili ramea.
_ maSin, gavikeTeb. sulac ar menaRvleba, ra momiva.
_ rogor Tu ar genaRvleba?!
_ ar menaRvleba Cemi Tavi.
_ me menaRvlebi.
_ es kia, magram me namdvilad ar menaRvleba. avdgebi da gavikeTeb, mere yvelaferi kargad
iqneba.
_ Tu asea, sulac ar minda, rom gaikeTo.
qali da mamakaci
qali wamodga da baqans dauyva, boloSi gavida. iqiTa mxares moCanda puris yanebi da ebros
napiris gaswvriv gamwkrivebuli xeebi. xolo Sors, mdinaris iqiT, mTebi gadaWimuliyo. yanaSi
Rrublis Crdili dacocavda da xeebSoris qalma mdinaresac mohkra Tvali.
_ xom SeiZleboda, Cveni yofiliyo es, _ Tqva man, _ esec da yvelaferic, magram rac dro
gadis, sul ufro da ufro SeuZlebeli xdeba.
_ ra Tqvi?
III Tavi
_ xom SeiZleboda, rom yvelaferi Cveni yofiliyo-meTqi?

_ axlac SeiZleba.
_ ara, axla aRar SeiZleba.
_ mTeli qveyana Cveni iqneba.
179
_ ara, aRar SeiZleba.
_ sadac gvinda, iq wavalT.
_ ara, aRar. aRar aris Cveni.
_ Cvenia.
_ ara, aRar. raki erTxel wavida, aRar dabrundeba.
_ arsadac ar wasula.
_ magasac vnaxavT.
_ wamodi, isev CrdilSi SevideT, _ uTxra kacma, _ ase nu aReldebi.
_ sulac ar vRelav, _ upasuxa qalma, _ vici, rom asea.
_ ar minda, iseTi rame gaakeTo, rac Sen TviTon ara gsurs... an...
_ an rac mavnebs, _ daaswro qalma, _ vici, aRar davlioT ludi?
_ davlioT. oRond, Sen unda gaigo, rom...
_ mesmis, _ Tqva qalma, _ iqneb ar gvelaparaka amaze!
magidas miusxdnen. qali kvlav mTebs gascqeroda, mdinaris gadaRma. kaci ki Sehyurebda
qalsa da magidas.
_ sulac ar minda, iseTi rame gaakeTo, rac TviTon ara gsurs... ai, es unda gaigo. Tuki ase
gimZims, mec siamovnebiT dageTanxmebi.
_ Sen ar gimZims? yvelafers Semoevleboda.
_ mimZims, rogor ar mimZims. magram Sens meti aravin minda. marto Sen mindixar. Tan isic
vici, rom es sul ubralod xdeba.
_ ho. mjera, rom sul ubralod xdeba.
_ Sen magas ise ambob. magram me namdvilad mjera.
_ axla rom gTxovo rame, ar Semisruleb?
_ yvelafers Segisruleb.
_ maS, gexvewebi, Zalian, Zalian, Zalian, Zalian, Zalian, gexvewebi, rom gaCumde.
kacs aRar upasuxnia, sadguris kedelTan dawyobil Cemodnebs gaxeda. saca ki Rame gae-
TenebinaT, yvela sastumros iarliyi ekra am Cemodnebs.
_ sulac ar minda, rom gaikeTo, _ uTxra kacma,_ raSi mWirdeba.
_ axlave viyvireb, _ Tqva qalma.
oficiantma qalma farda gadaswia. ori tolCa ludi gamoitana da dasvelebul qeCis
naWrebze daawyo.
_ matarebeli xuT wuTSi Camodgeba, _ Tqva man.
_ rao, ra Tqva? _ ikiTxa qalma.
_ matarebeli xuT wuTSi Camodgebao.
qalma madlobis niSnad gauRima oficiants.
_ barem gadavalageb am Cemodnebs, _ Tqva kacma. qalma gauRima.
_ kargi. mere mobrundi da es ludi davlioT.
kacma aswia ori mZime Cemodani da sadguris iqiTa mxares gadaitana, meore baqanze. lian-
dags gaxeda, magram matarebeli ara Canda. ukan rom gamobrunda, barSi gamoiara, saca mata-
reblis momlodine mgzavrebi sasmels Seeqceodnen. kaci daxlTan mivida, Anis del Toro dalia
qali da mamakaci
da xalxs gadaxeda. yvela damSvidebiT eloda matarebels. lerwmis farda gadaswia da gamo-
vida. qali iqve ijda, magidasTan. kaci rom dainaxa, gauRima.
_ rogora xar?
_ didebulad, _ upasuxa qalma, _ gamiara, didebulad var.
inglisuridan Targmna vaxtang WeliZem
III Tavi
180
saubari
saerTod, zogierT mwerals maincdamainc ar uyvars sakuTar Semoqmedebaze laparaki. ro-

gorc Cans, isini Tvlian, rom is, rac saTqmeli iyo, TavianTi nawarmoebebiT ukve Tqves da da-
narCeni mkiTxvelis gamWriaxobazea damokidebuli. magram arian gamonaklisebic. cxadia, yo-
velTvis sainteresoa, roca mwerali sakuTar SemoqmedebiT meTodze an ama Tu im nawarmoebis
Seqmnis istoriaze gviyveba. gTavazobT fragments ernest hemingueis erT-erTi interviudan,
saidanac zogierTi saWiro informaciis miReba SeiZleba:
`_ saTaurs rodis SearCevT xolme? weris dros?
_ ara. romans an moTxrobas rom movrCebi, savaraudo saTaurebis sias Sevadgen. zogjer
asamdec gamomdis. mere ki TiTo-TiTod vSli. zogjer mTel sias wavSli.
_ maSinac, roca saTauri teqstidan aris aRebuli? rogorc, magaliTad, `TeTri spiloebis
msgavsi mTebi~?
_ maSinac. saTauri bolos modis. priunSi erTxel xamanwkebis saWmelad Sevedi, sadilo-
bamde, da iq erT qaliSvils Sevxvdi. vicodi, rom aborti hqonda gakeTebuli. davsxediT da
sul sxva rameze gavabiT saubari. magram Sinisken rom wavedi, gzaSi moTxroba SevTxze. im dRes
aRar misadilia, saRamos ki es moTxroba davwere.~
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
rogorc Tavadac darwmundiT, e. hemingueis marTlac Zalze Taviseburi stili aqvs. Tvi-
Ton mwerali ase axasiaTebda sakuTar weris maneras:
`me mudam aisbergisnairad vcdilob weras. aisbergis Svidi mervedi wyalSia Camaluli da
mxolod mervedi nawili Cans. rac ki ram ici, yvelaferi SegiZlia gamotovo _ amiTi araferi
Sens aisbergs ar daakldeba, piriqiT, ufro gamagrdeba. sulerTia, am nawils mainc wyali faravs.
magram arcodnis gamo Tu gamotovebs mwerali rames, moTxroba usaTuod Cauflavdeba~.
kargad gaiazreT, ras gulisxmobs mwerali, roca `gamotovebaze~ laparakobs. amisaTvis
umjobesia xelaxla, amjerad ukve hemingueis naTqvamis dasazusteblad waikiTxoT moTxroba.
vaxtang WeliZe, ernest hemingueis qarTulad mTargmneli, ase axasiaTebs amerikeli

mwerlis stils:
`TvalSisacemi Tavisebureba hemingueis stilisa, es aris gamomsaxvel saSualebaTa udi-
desi siZunwiT xmareba, igi cdilobs miniSnebiT gaacnos mkiTxvels esa Tu is situacia,
uSualod daanaxvos mas gmiri, ki ar mogviTxros Tavisi gmirebis Tavgadasavali, aramed
gvaCvenos, da yovelgvar msjelobas Tu avtoriseul remarkebs Tavi aaridos. igi mkiTx-
qali da mamakaci
velis aqtiur Carevas gulisxmobs, romelmac Tavis warmosaxvaSi unda aRadginos is,
rac avtorma gangeb gamotova _ gmirisa Tu movlenis daxasiaTeba, misi biografia Tu
momavali~.
mwerali oTar CxeiZe, werilSi èpikuri stilis dasacavad~, hemingueis stilze aseT
Tvalsazriss gamoTqvams:
`roca stilis SekumSulobaze Camovardeba sityva, Zalianac rom mogvwondes, SekumSu-
III Tavi
loba mainc iseTi ram gaxlavT, rom sadRac raRacas iklebs, sadRac raRac ziandeba. es
stili, vTqvaT, Tundac am formuliT rom gamovxatoT _ veni, vidi, vici4 _ ramdenis Sem-
4
Veni, vidi, vici _ `movedi, vnaxe, davamarcxe~ _ iulius keisris (Zv.w. 100_44) sityvebi, romliTac man
mimarTa senats pontos mefis damarcxebis Semdeg.
181
cvelic unda iyos, mainc ar aris sakmarisi mxatvrul literaturaSi... Tumca SekumSuli
stilic klasikuria, oRond iq es xerxia da ara stili... SekumSulma stilma moiZula
rTuli winadadebani, movlenaTa Tanamimdevrobani da dasabuTebani; mTavar miznad
gamoacxada miniSnebis xelovneba, Seqmna sistema datexili, mouTavebeli dialogebisa
da martivi winadadebani gaaRmerTa, qveteqstebSi CaRrmavda, Camonakafebi didi suraTis
sabadlod aRiara... Tumca es yvelaferi mxolod gazviadebaa erTi xerxisa...~
eTanxmebiT Tu ara qarTvel mwerals? ratom?
Tuki sakuTari poziciis SesamuSaveblad hemingueis erT moTxrobas sakmarisad ar CaT-

vliT, SegiZliaT misi sxva nawarmoebebic waikiTxoT. es mwerali TiTqmis mTlianadaa
qarTulad Targmnili.
detalebis xelovneba
miuxedavad imisa, rom ernest heminguei marTlac Zalze Zunwad xmarobs gamomsaxvelobiT
saSualebebs, mis moTxrobaSi mainc SeiZleba iseTi detalebis danaxva, romelTa funqciis da-
naxva SeiZleba Zalian gaWirdes. magaliTad, teqstis kiTxvisas vigebT, rom moqmedeba espa-
neTSi xdeba (daadgineT, saidan xdeba es naTeli). vigebT imasac, rom mamakaci amerikelia, xolo
qalis Sesaxeb dabejiTebiT mxolod imis Tqma SegviZlia, rom igi espaneli ar aris (saidan Cans
es?). cxadia, es yvelaferi Zalian Zunwi cnobebia, magram, Tqveni azriT, daakldeboda Tu ara
raime teqsts am detalebis gareSe? ratom?
teqstis analizi
1. moTxroba iwyeba garemosa da rkinigzis sadguris aRweriT. amas mohyveba amerikelisa da

misi Tanamgzavri qalis dialogi. es yvelaferi TiTqos erTgvari Sesavalia. zustad
moniSneT, Tqveni azriT, saidan iwyeba moTxrobaSi problemis gamokveTa.
2. Tqven rogor CamoayalibebT moTxrobaSi dayenebul problemas? saerTod, rogoria
Tqveni damokidebuleba am sakiTxisadmi?
3. problema erTia, magram personaJebs sxvadasxva sawuxari aqvT. daakvirdiT, ra awuxebs
mamakacs da ra _ qals?
4. qalisa da mamakacis sasiyvarulo urTierTobas Tavisi fazebi aqvs: dasawyisi, siyvaru-
lis ganxorcieleba da dasasruli. Tqveni azriT, romel fazaSia moTxrobis perso-
naJebis urTierToba? rogor fiqrobT, amis dasadgenad am SemTxvevaSi dagvexmareba Tu
ara andre moruas Semdegi azri: `siyvarulis aRmarTze Seyvarebulebi momavalze
laparakoben, daRmarTze ki saubris Tema warsuli xdeba~?
5. Tqven ukve iciT, rogor arCevda heminguei saTaurebs Tavisi nawarmoebebisTvis. mog-
qali da mamakaci
wonT am moTxrobis saTauri? ratom? Tqven ras daarqmevdiT?
interpretacia
waikiTxeT es epizodi:
`qali wamodga da baqans dauyva, boloSi gavida. iqiTa mxares moCanda puris yanebi da ebros
III Tavi
napiris gaswvriv gamwkrivebuli xeebi. xolo Sors, mdinaris iqiT, mTebi gadaWimuliyo. yanaSi
Rrublis Crdili dacocavda da xeebSoris qalma mdinaresac mohkra Tvali.
_ xom SeiZleboda, Cveni yofiliyo es, _ Tqva man, _ esec da yvelaferic, magram rac dro
gadis, sul ufro da ufro SeuZlebeli xdeba.
182
_ ra Tqvi?
_ xom SeiZleboda, rom yvelaferi Cveni yofiliyo-meTqi?
_ axlac SeiZleba.
_ ara, axla aRar SeiZleba.
_ mTeli qveyana Cveni iqneba.
_ ara, aRar SeiZleba.
_ sadac gvinda, iq wavalT.
_ ara, aRar. aRar aris Cveni.
_ Cvenia.
_ ara, aRar. raki erTxel wavida, aRar dabrundeba.
_ arsadac ar wasula.
_ magasac vnaxavT.
_ wamodi, isev CrdilSi SevideT, _ uTxra kacma, _ ase nu aReldebi.
_ sulac ar vRelav, _ upasuxa qalma, _ vici, rom asea~.
Tqvens interpretacias mieciT werilobiTi saxe.
weriTi davaleba
1. rogorc naxeT, heminguei marTlac arafers gveubneba personaJebze _ vin arian, ras
warmoadgenen, ra cxovrebiT cxovrobdnen, aqamde rogor movidnen da sxva. am Tvalsaz-
risiT moTxroba absoluturad Riaa da yvelaferi mkiTxvelis warmosaxvazea damo-
kidebuli. garkveuli gagebiT isic ki SeiZleba iTqvas, rom SekumSuli stiliT dawe-
rili nawarmoebi erTdroulad mkiTxvelis warmosaxvac aris da xelovanis qmnilebac.
SeecadeT hemingueis aisbergis wyliT dafaruli is nawili dainaxoT, romelic, Tqveni
azriT, yvelaze sainteresoa. stili da saTauri Tqveni gemovnebiT SearCieT.
2. moTxroba SeiZleba SevadaroT romelime evropeli mxatvris mier daxatul ferwerul
tilos. gaCaxCaxebuli mziT savse suraTs TiTqos sicxis almuri asdis. aseT dros
mkveTrad aravin moZraobs, aravin aqtiurobs. daZabuloba aq mTlianad Sinagani xa-
siaTisaa, rac personaJTa dialogidan xdeba naTeli, oRond ara imitom, rom raRac
momavali qmedebebisTvis Seamzados niadagi. ara. suraTi TviTkmaria _ Cvens Tvalwi-
naa sicxiT gaTanguli, urTierTobis axali fazis dasawyisSi mdgari qali da mamakaci.
mwerali ar gveubneba, rogor ganviTardeba movlenebi. es SegviZlia Cven warmovidgi-
noT. dawereT ambis ganviTarebis Tqveni varianti. gaiTvaliswineT, rom personaJTa
yovel qmedebas Tavisi motivi unda hqondes.
qali da mamakaci
III Tavi
183
Tvalsazrisi
gTavazobT ori cnobili moazrovnis or sruliad gansxvavebul mosazrebas qalisa da ma-

makacis urTierTobaze. Tqveni amocanaa gaiazroT orive Tvalsazrisi, daakvirdeT moxmobil
argumentebs, maTi damajereblobis xarisxs.
SeecadeT damarwmuneblad ganmartoT, ras eTanxmebiT da ras ara.
SeiZleba Tu ara am problematikis hemingueis moTxrobasTan dakavSireba? ratom?
Tqveni Tvalsazrisi CaiwereT Tezisebis saxiT.
***
`sasiyvarulo romanis WeSmariti, magram misi monawileebisTvis ga-
ucnobierebeli mizania bavSvis gaCena; xolo es rogor moxdeba _ meorexa-
risxovania. Cemi uxeSi realizmi ueWvelad aRaSfoTebT amaRlebulTa da
mgrZnobiareT, gansakuTrebiT ki Seyvarebul sulebs, magram isini mainc
cdebian. gana momavali Taobis amqveynad movlineba ufro maRali da Rir-
seuli mizani ar aris, vidre maTi mSoblebis gadaWarbebuli mgrZnobiaroba
da ocnebebis sapnis buStebi? gana SeiZleba miwier mizanTa Soris raime
ufro mniSvnelovani da diadi iyos, vidre momavali Taobis Seqmnaa? vne-
biani siyvarulis siRrmesa da seriozulobas, aseve im mniSvnelobas, ro-
melsac igi aniWebs am sferosTan dakavSirebul nebismier wvrilmans, mxo-
artur
Sopenhaueri _ lod aseTi mizani Seefereba. is sastiki tanjva-wameba, rasac adamiani say-
germaneli vareli arsebis dauflebamde ganicdis, mxolod im SemTxvevaSi gamarT-
moazrovne ldeba, Tuki swored am mizans CavTvliT WeSmaritad. radgan swored ero-
1788_1860 sisTvis damaxasiaTebeli usazRvro ltolviTa da masTan dakavSirebuli
tanjva-wamebiT ikvlevs gzas sicocxlisaken momavali Taoba.~
***
`siyvarulis rogorc grZnobis arsi da Rirseba imaSi mdgomareobs,
rom igi gvaiZulebs sxva adamians mivaniWoT is centraluri mniSvneloba,
romelsac bunebrivi egoizmis ZaliT, Cven mxolod sakuTar Tavs vaniWebT.
amitom siyvaruli mniSvnelovania ara rogorc Cveni erT-erTi grZnoba,
aramed rogorc mTeli Cveni sasicocxlo interesis sxva adamianze gada-
tana, rogorc Cveni piradi cxovrebis centris radikaluri gadanacvleba...
Zlieri sasiyvarulo vnebis damTxveva fizikurad da fsiqikurad
srulyofili bavSvis gaCenasTan mxolod SemTxveviTobaa, Tanac sakmaod
qali da mamakaci
iSviaTi. istoriuli da yoveldRiuri gamocdileba gvaCvenebs, rom savse-

vladimer
soloviovi _ biT SesaZlebelia iseTma mSoblebmac gaaCinon sruliad janmrTeli da la-
rusi mazi bavSvebi da mere ki SesaniSnavadac aRzardon, romelTac erTmaneTi
moazrovne arasodes hyvarebiaT. Sesabamisad, TaobaTa cvlasTan dakavSirebuli ka-
1853_1900 cobriobis saerTo-sayovelTao interesebi sruliadac ar moiTxoven siy-
varulis umaRles paToss...
III Tavi
rogorc yofiTi, ise gansakuTrebiT fiziologiuri SeerTeba, siyvaruls uSualod ar ukav-

Sirdeba. es xdeba siyvarulis gareSec, iseve rogorc siyvarulic arsebobs mis gareSe. siyva-
rulisTvis igi aucilebelia ara rogorc misi arsebobisTvis saWiro ucilobeli piroba da
damoukidebeli mizani, aramed rogorc misi saboloo realizacia. magram Tuki es realizacia
184
xdeba umTavresi mizani, maSin misi miRwevisTanave siyvaruli kvdeba.~
IV Tavi
stumari
stumari
IV Tavi
185
Sesavali
gamoCenili rusi mwerlis lev tolstois qaliSvili tatiana suxotina-tolstaia Tavis

mogonebebSi wers:
èrTxel iasnaia polianaSi1 sadilad Cveni ojaxis mravalricxovani wevrebisa da deida
tanias garda, kidev ramdenime stumari da megobari iyo, maT Soris turgenevic2.
Camovarda sityva sikvdilze, SiSze gardauvali aRsasrulis winaSe.
_ visac sikvdilis eSinia, aswios xeli, _ Tqva turgenevma da aswia xeli. mimoixeda irgvliv.
mxolod misi xeli iyo aweuli. magidasTan isxdnen Cemi Zmebi da deidaSvilebi _ gogonebi da
biWebi _ mTeli amala axalgazrda gogonebisa da Wabukebisa, oci wlisac rom ar Sesrulebu-
liyvnen. gana am asakSi sikvdilis eSiniaT?
_ Cans, marto me mSinebia, _ naRvlianad ganacxada turgenevma.
maSin mamamac aswia xeli.
_ mec meSinia sikvdilis, _ Tqva man.
da uceb gaisma deida tanias wkriala xma.
_ ra mxiaruli Tema naxeT sasaubrod, iqneb raime ufro gulismomwyvleli geTqvaT?
_ arada, tania, Senc mokvdebi, _ uTxra mamam, romelsac uyvarda gaxumreba Tavis colisdas-
Tan.
_ mec movkvdebi! ai kidev Seni erTi xumroba! _ arc daeWvebula, ise SesZaxa deidam.
yvelas gaecina da sxva Temaze daiwyes saubari~3.
da mainc, miuxedavad imisa, rom Tqvens asakSi sikvdilze marTlac aravin fiqrobs da arc
masze saubaria maincdamainc sasiamovno, Cven mainc unda visaubroT, radgan adamiani arsebiTad
stumaria am samyaroSi. stumariviT isic modis da dro rom daudgeba, isev midis. amitom sxva
gza ara gvaqvs, unda SevecadoT am problemis gacnobierebas.
sikvdilis fenomenze fiqri da saubari, rasakvirvelia, TviTmizani ar aris. gilgameSis
eposidan4 dawyebuli dRemde, igi yvela seriozuli kulturisa da moazrovnis gansjis sagna-
daa qceuli. arsebobs adamianuri yofierebis am fundamenturi problemis rogorc dasavluri
ise aRmosavluri interpretaciebi. zogadad sakacobrio kulturis Seqmna da ganviTarebac,
faqtobrivad, am fenomenis gaazrebis mcdelobebma ganapiroba.
rogori viTarebaa am TvalsazrisiT CvenSi? cnobili kritikosis kita abaSiZis (1870_1917)
mier me-20 saukunis dasawyisSi gamoTqmul mosazrebas, rom: `qarTveli mwerlebi gaurbian sik-
vdilis problemas da ar Cerdebian masze~, tician tabiZe (1893_1937) gamoexmaura da am Tezisis
Taviseburi interpretireba SesTavaza qarTul sazogadoebas. igi ambobda: `me mgonia, es faqti
friad momaswavebelia da amJRavnebs Cveni mwerlobis nacionalur bunebas; es imas niSnavs, rom
saqarTvelo Tavis kuboSi cocxladac rom CaiWedos, sikvdilze ar fiqrobs, rom eris suli
kidev yvavilobs da ar Wkneba, raTa sikvdilis win Tavisi Tavi gamoitiros~.
asea Tu isea, am polemikas seriozuli gagrZeleba-gamoxmaureba ar moyolia qarTvel li-
teratorTa Tu mweralTa wreSi.
stumari
Tumca problema amiT ar gamqrala.

es xom is gzaa, romelzedac Tavis droze yvelas mogviwevs gavla.
IV Tavi
1
iasnaia poliana _ lev tolstois mamulis saxelwodeba.
2
ivan turgenevi (1818_1883), rusi mwerali.
3
rusulidan Targmna nana darCiam.
186 4
`gilgameSiani~ _ uZvelesi Suamdinaruli eposi. Targmnilia qarTulad.
§ I
avtoris Sesaxeb
geronti qiqoZes hqonda iSviaTi unari _ SemoqmedebiTad gamoeyenebi-

na is didi codna, romelic evropul universitetebSi miiRo. amis dastu-
ria misi eseebi da narkvevebi.
rogorc amboben, misTvis araferi adamianuri ucxo ar yofila, garda
pativmoyvareobisa da sulieri simdablisa. misi megobrebis TqmiT, xSi-
rad SeuCivlia maTTvis, gansakuTrebiT, roca wlebis simZime daawva mxreb-
geronti ze, Tavis ugunebobasa da auxsnel sevdaze... es Tavmdabali, mokrZalebuli
qiqoZe
adamiani mTeli sicocxle uxmaurod cxovrobda. misTvis ucxo iyo gandi-
1885_1960
debis maniiT Sepyrobili adamiani. WiriviT gaurboda oficialur zeimebs.
`sikvdilis ar me-
Sinia, magram tan- 70 wlisa rom Sesrulda, kategoriuli uari ganacxada iubiles gadaxdaze:
jvaze uars vam- rogor SemiZlia savarZelSi vijde ganmartoebiT da vismino Cemze war-
bob~, _ aseTi iyo moTqmuli sazeimo sityvebio...
geronti qiqoZis
ukanaskneli sit-
yvebi, romlebic
man sabediwero
avadmyofobiT Se-
pyrobilma miT-
xra~.
g. asaTiani geronti qiqoZe
sikvdilis SiSi
romaeli poeti da filosofosi lukreciusi1 amtkicebda: sikvdili saSiSi araa, vinaidan

sanam Cven varT, is ar ari, xolo roca isaa, Cven aRar varTo. magram aseTi sofizmebiT2 Znelia
sikvdilis SiSis daZleva. ra kulturul donezec unda idges adamiani, is yovelTvis mistikur
SiSs ganicdis sikvdilisadmi. amiT sargebloben mtarvalebi: isini cdiloben TavianTi tirania
teroriT ganamtkicon.
cnobilia, rom sikvdilis SiSisagan cxovelebic ar arian dazRveulni. visac sofelSi uc-
xovria, albaT araerTxel unaxavs, rogor abRavldebian xolme xarebi da Zroxebi, roca miwaze
axlad dakluli Sinauri cxovelis sisxls dainaxaven. magram TviT cxovelebi da frinvelebi
xSirad mzad arian Tavi gaswiron, roca maT patarebs momakvdinebeli safrTxe emuqreba.
mxolod adamiani amaRlda im donemde, rom Tavisi roli Rirseulad Seasrulos cxovrebis
fardis daxurvis win.
`sokrates apologia~3 yvelaze ufro amaRelvebeli da zneobrivad gamamtkicebeli wignia.
mraval TaobaTa warmomadgenlebs oriaTasxuTasi wlis manZilze gamxneveba da nugeSi upoviaT
sokrates4 sityvebSi, samsjavrosadmi mimarTulSi: aTenelebo, Tqven SegiZliaT Cems bral-
mdebels an daujeroT an ar daujeroT, SegiZliaT gamamarTloT an sicocxle momispoT, magram
ar SegiZliaT maiZuloT _ Cemi rwmenis winaaRmdeg vimoqmedo, Tundac aTasi sikvdiliT
damemuqroTo.
stumari
1
lukreciusi (Zv. w. 99_55) _ epikureizmis mimdevari; es azri man swored epikures (Zv.w. 342_271) moZ-
IV Tavi
Rvrebidan aiRo.
2
sofizmi _ formalurad swori, magram arsebiTad saeWvo daskvna. SeiZleba eyrdnobodes cnebaTa
orazrovnebas, amosaval debulebaTa ganzrax umarTebulod SerCevas da sxva.
3
am saTauriT cnobilia ori avtoris _ platonisa (Zv.w. 428_347) da qsenofontes (Zv.w. 434_359) teqstebi.
orive Targmnilia qarTulad. g. qiqoZe gulisxmobs platonis Txzulebas.
4
sokrate (Zv.w. 469_399) _ Zveli berZeni filosofosi.
187
ra gavlenas axdendnen platonis dialogebi amaRlebuli sulis adamianebze, Semdegi faq-
tebidan Cans: rodesac iulius keisarma5 respublikuri weswyobilebis momxreebi sabolood
daamarcxa, maTi meTauri katoni6 qalaq utikisaken gaiqca. samxedro karavSi man orjer waikiTxa
platonis `fedoni~7. Semdeg Tavisi maxvili yvelaze erTgul monas misca da uTxra, gamgmireo.
monam ver gabeda am brZanebis Sesruleba. maSin katonma maxvili miwaSi tariT CaarWo da zed
wamoego. iulius keisarma didad inana katon utikelis TviTmkvleloba; is mzad iyo, mas
Serigeboda, magram didma respublikelma amjobina Tavisi stoikuri8 cxovreba stoikuri
sikvdiliT daesrulebina.
meore faqti italiuri renesansis epoqas ekuTvnis, rodesac florenciis mmarTvelma, axa-
li platonuri akademiis damaarsebelma kozimo mediCim9 sikvdilis moaxloeba igrZno, man
Tavisi Tavi vilaSi gadaayvanina, sadac is karga xans loginSi iwva dafiqrebuli da Tvalda-
xuWuli. _ rad Cafiqrebulxar da Tvalebi rad dagixuWavs? _ hkiTxa mas colma. _ ucnauri qali
xar, _ upasuxa kozimom, _ Sen ori kviriT adre iwyeb fusfuss, rodesac zafxulSi qalaqidan
agarakze apireb gadasvlas, nuTu me ar unda davfiqrde, rodesac sxva qveyanaSi gadasasvlelad
vemzadebi. Tvalebs ki imisTvis vxuWav, rom sibneles SevaCvio. Semdeg man moaxmobina gamoCenili
florencieli humanisti marsilio fiCino10 da sTxova, platonis dialogebi wamikiTxe
xmadablao.. am kiTxvis dros man samudamod daiZina.
Zlieri sulis adamians simtkices aniWebs ara marto filosofiuri fiqrebi, aramed susxi-
ani politikuri da sazogadoebrivi atmosferoc, romelic gamanadgurebelia susti da ne-
bieri adamianisTvis. TviT avxorcma da eleganturma petroniusma11 stoikurad daasrula Ta-
visi sicocxle; rodesac neronma12 mas ubrZana Tavi moekla, petroniusma banketze megobrebi
miiwvia da maja gadaiWra, magram rom uceb ar momkvdariyo, is drodadro ixvevda Wrilobas,
Tavisi sayvareli leqsebis deklamacias ismenda da megobrebs esaubreboda.
saxelovanma frangma maTematikosma da mweralma blez paskalma13 Tavisi xanmokle sicoc-
xle ise gaatara, rom mudam eCveneboda ufskrulis piras vimyofebio. is morwmune adamiani
iyo, magram Cans skepticizmis14 mZlavr Setevebs ganicdida. is laparakobs dausrulebeli
sivrceebis mudmiv dumilze, romelic adamians sikvdilis Semdeg elis. paskali mudam sikvdilis
SiSiT iyo Sepyrobili. igi amtkicebs, adamianebi xelfexSekrul adamianebs hgvanan, isini jerSi
dganan da xedaven, rogor ahyavT rigrigobiT winmavalni saxrCobelazeo.
sikvdilis SiSs, rogorc etyoba, kavSiri ar aqvs materialur keTildReobasTan. Tanamed-
rove ingliseli mwerali somerset moemi15 mogviTxrobs, Cemma piesebma, romanebma da nove-
lebma saxeli momixveWes da SeZlebuli kaci gamxadeso. saucxoo saxli maqvs zRvis piras, ram-
denime mosamsaxure myavs, TiTqmis mTeli msoflio Semoviareo, magram sikvdilisken ise mi-
viswrafvi, rogorc Seyvarebuli mamakaci Tavisi satrfos gulmkerdiskeno, sikvdilis mo-
axloebis grZnoba pirdapir maTrobso. igive moemi ixseniebs erT axalgazrda mwerals, ro-
melic Tavisi motocikletiT qalaqis yvelaze saxifaTo adgilze dahqroda Turme, raTa ava-
riaSi moxvedriliyo da amrigad Tavidan aecilebina samarcxvino sibere. siberis tragediis
Sesaxeb kargad ambobs ernest renani16: me micnobdnen axalgazrdas, gonebamaxvil adamians, aRar
minda gonebadaClungebuli da daxavsebuli mixilono.
5
iulius keisari (Zv.w. 102_44) _ Zveli romaeli saxelmwifo moRvawe.
6
markus katoni (Zv.w. 95_46) _ Zveli romaeli saxelmwifo moRvawe.
7
platonis dialogi. Targmnilia qarTulad.
stumari
8
stoicizmi _ erT-erTi filosofiuri mimdinareoba Zvel saberZneTSi da romSi. stoikosebi gamo-
irCeodnen gaWirvebisa da gansacdelis didi amtanobiT.
9
kozimo mediCi (1389_1464) _ italieli moRvawe.
10
marsilio fiCino (1433_1499) _ italieli humanisti, filosofosi da astrologi.
IV Tavi
11
gaius petroniusi (27_66) _ Zveli romaeli mwerali.
12
tiberius klavdius neroni (37_68) _ romis imperatori. cnobilia sisastikiTa da qristianTa devniT.
13
blez paskali (1623_1662) _ frangi mecnieri da moazrovne. Targmnilia qarTulad.
14
skepticizmi _ daeWveba risame sisworeSi an SesaZleblobaSi.
15
somerset moemi (1874_1965) _ ingliseli mwerali. Targmnilia qarTulad.
188 16
ernest renani (1823_1892) _ frangi mwerali da istorikosi.
bevri didsulovani adamiani Seiwira safrangeTis didma revoluciam. rodesac anTebuli
sulis respublikeli qali, Jirondelebis17 megobari manon rolani18, iakobinelebis19 diqta-
turis dros giliotinaze aiyvanes, man Tamamad gaixsna sayelos sakinZi da warmoTqva ukvdavi
sityvebi: `_oh, Tavisuflebav, ramden borotmoqmedebas sCadian Seni saxeliT!~. rodesac dan-
tonis20 megobrebma dainaxes, rom mas giliotinis najaxi eloda, urCies inglisSi gaqceuliyo.
dantonma upasuxa `gana adamians SeuZlia Tavisi samSoblo Tavisi fexsacmelebis quslebiT
waiRos Tan?~ eSafotze dantonma ganze gadaisrola Toki, romliTac xelebis Sekvras upi-
rebdnen, robespierisaTvis21 gamogadgebaTo; xolo rodesac mas kiTxes, ra aris Seni ukanas-
kneli survilio, man Tqva: Cemi Tavi imis Rirsia, rom xalxs uCvenoT, xolo gvami _ robespi-
erso.
yoveli WeSmariti vaJkaci inatrebda marSal miSel neis22 sikvdils. rogorc cnobilia, is
napoleons23 miemxro misi kunZul elbidan24 dabrunebis Semdeg. rodesac napoleoni asi dRis
mefobis Semdeg vaterloosTan25 damarcxda, lui X V I I I 26 mTavrobam neis daxvreta gadauwyvita;
magram jariskacebs daenanaT Tavisi saxelovani mxedarTmTavari, umamacesi mamacTa Soris,
rogorc marSal neis napoleoni uwodebda, da didxans umoZraod idgnen. maSin neim damsjel
razms Tavisi daSniT TviT ubrZana misTvis tyviebi esrolaT. albaT, moqandakes Tvalwin, sxvaTa
Soris, es epizodic edga, rodesac marSal neis Zegls dgamda parizSi.
radgan qristian mowameebs, maT Soris qarTvelebsac swamdaT, rom amqveyniur siameTa gan-
wirviT SeeZloT saukuno netareba moepovebinaT, miT ufro eadvilebodaT sikvdili, vidre
skeptikurad ganwyobil an urwmuno adamianebs, romelTac mxolod adamianuri Rirsebis Seg-
nebaSi, samSoblos siyvarulSi an moralur ideebSi unda epovaT religiur rwmenaTa sanazRauro,
magram Zvel saqarTveloSi iSviaTad Tu moiZebneboda skeptikosi an miTumetes aTeisti, da
qristianuli religia erovnuli Tavdacvis Zlier faqtorad iqca Cvens samSobloSi.
oriode epizodi Cveni istoriidan cxadyofs, ra Zlier sulier Zalas amJRavnebdnen Cveni
winaprebi:
arCil mefes27, romelmac didi Seudrekeloba gamoiCina, rodesac is arabebma awames, ori
vaJi da oTxi qali darCa; amaTgan erTma vaJma da orma qalma Tavi Seafares egriss28, xolo meore
vaJi juanSeri Tavisi ori diT kaxeTSi darCa. yvelaze umcrosi da SuSani umSvenieresi qali
iyo. misi silamazis ambavma xazarebis29 xakanis yuramde miaRwia da man misi SerTva ganizraxa,
magram uari miiRo. maSin xakanma Tavisi jari gamogzavna lekeTis gziT; am jarma garemoicva
juanSeris da SuSanis samyofeli cixe, aiRo igi, da-Zma daatyveva da darialis gziT
xazareTisken wavida, SuSans beWdis Tvalis qveS sawamlavi hqonda. man Tvali amoiRo, sawamlavi
amoswova da maSinve mokvda. xakanma sikvdiliT dasaja Tavisi spasalari, radgan man qalis gvamic
ar moitana, raTa misi mSveniereba exila. xakani juanSers pirdeboda, arabebis winaaRmdeg
dagexmarebi, Tu Sens das momaTxovebo. magram vfiqrob, axalgazrda qalma Tavisi sikvdiliT
17
Jironda _ safrangeTis didi revoluciis dros politikuri partia, romelic daupirispirda
iakobinelebis radikalur partias (departament `Jirondis~ saxelis mixedviT).
18
manon rolani (1754_1793) _ safrangeTis didi revoluciis monawile cnobili qali.
19
iakobinelebi _ safrangeTis didi revoluciis dros radikaluri politikuri partiis wevrebi.
20
JorJ dantoni (1759_1794) _ safrangeTis didi revoluciis moRvawe.
21
maqsimilian robespieri (1758_1794) _ safrangeTis didi revoluciis moRvawe, iakobinelTa lideri.
22
marSali nei (1769_1815) _ napoleonis armiis erT-erTi mxedarTmTavari.
stumari
23
napoleon bonaparte (1769_1821) _ safrangeTis imperatori.
24
kunZuli elba _ mdebareobs xmelTaSua zRvaSi, napoleoni pirvelad iq gadaasaxles.
25
vaterloo _ sofeli belgiaSi, briuselis maxloblad, sadac napoleoni 1815 wels sabolood damar-
cxda.
IV Tavi
26
ludoviko X V I I I _ safrangeTis mefe napoleonis Semdeg.
27
arCil mefe _ mefobda V I I I saukuneSi.
28
saqarTvelos erT-erTi provincia.
29
xazarebi _ erT-erTi saidumloebiT moculi xalxi. aRmosavleT evropaSi hunebis Semdeg, IV sauku-
neSi, gamoCndnen. iTvleba, rom bolos momTabare Turqebs Seerivnen. xazarebis Temaze arsebobs Tanamed-
rove serbi mwerlis milorad paviCis cnobili romani `xazaruli leqsikoni~. Targmnilia qarTulad.
189
ufro metad Seuwyo xeli qarTveli eris TviTmyofadobis SenarCunebas, vidre xazareTidan
gadmosuli jarebi Seuwyobdnen.
Teimuraz pirvelis30 dedis qeTevan dedoflis31 gmiruli sikvdilis ambavi imdenad cnobi-
lia, rom saWiro ar unda iyos misi gameoreba. am saxelovani muxran-batonis gvaris qalma Si-
razis32 sapyrobileSi gmirulad aitana Sah-abasis33 jalaTebis yvela gaxurebuli SanTi da mar-
wuxi, riTac evropeli misionerebis gaoceba da uRrmesi mokrZaleba gamoiwvia. man Tavisi daf-
leTili ZuZuebiT meti gmiri aRuzarda TiTqmis savsebiT dacarielebul da gaveranebul
qarTl-kaxeTs, vidre asiaTasi qali Tavisi rZiT aRzrdida.
im WeSmaritebis Segneba, rom yvelaze Sercxvenili mkvdari is aris, vinc samarcxvinod ganag-
rZobs cxovrebas, dRemde ar mospobila qarTvel erSi. gana Cvens droSi ki ar iyvnen gmirebi, ro-
melTac Rirseulad Seasrules TavianTi adamianuri roli? rogor ara, Zalian bevri!
saerTod, sikvdili ufro advilia adamianisaTvis, romelsac ukvdaveba swams, Tundac es
mxolod im ideis ukvdaveba iyos, romelsac is Tavs swiravs.
davalebebi
teqstis analizi
1. daakvirdiT teqstis struqturas da gansazRvreT, ra tipis esesTan gvaqvs saqme. SeecadeT

gaiazroT, rogor axdens geronti qiqoZe saTqmelis organizebas.
2. eses saxelwodebaa `sikvdilis SiSi~, magram ratom ixsenebs mwerali msofliosa da sa-
qarTvelos istoriidan, im adamianebs, romlebic sulmokled ki ar daemorCilnen sik-
vdilis SiSs, aramed misi gadalaxva SeZles?
3. teqstSi mocemulma romelma istoriulma faqtma moaxdina Tqvenze yvelaze didi STa-
beWdileba, ratom?
4. garda geronti qiqoZis mier dasaxelebuli pirovnebebisa, saqarTvelos istoriidan
Tqven TviTonac daasaxeleT im adamianTa saxelebi, romlebmac sikvdilis SiSis gadalaxva
SeZles.
5. vis ufro eadvileba, avtoris azriT, sikvdili, qristian mowameebs Tu skeptikurad
ganwyobil an urwmuno adamianebs? ratom?
6. ganmarteT, rogor gesmiT Semdegi winadadeba: `saerTod, sikvdili ufro advilia ada-
mianisaTvis, romelsac ukvdaveba swams, Tundac es mxolod im ideis ukvdaveba iyos, ro-
melsac is Tavs swiravs~.
paraleli
stumari
gaixseneT I TavSi Seswavlili jemal qarCxaZis `rahaT-luxumi~. SeiZleba Tu ara es moTxroba

geronti qiqoZis eseSi dasmuli problemebis fonze ganvixiloT? rogor?
IV Tavi
30
Teimuraz I (1589_1663) _ qarTl-kaxeTis mefe.
31
qeTevan dedofali awames 1624 wels.
32
Sirazi _ qalaqi samxreT-dasavleT iranSi.
190 33
Sah-abas I (1571_1629) _ iranis mefe.
romaeli poetisa da filosofosis lukreciusis TqmiT, sikvdili saSiSi araa, radgan sa-
nam Cven varT, is ar aris, xolo roca is aris, Cven aRar varT. geronti qiqoZis azriT, amgvari
sofizmebiT sikvdilis SiSis daZleva Zalian Znelia.
sqolioSi kidev erTxel waikiTxeT `sofizmis~ ganmarteba da lukreciusis ideas Seada-

reT stoicizmis damaarseblis zenon kitionelis azri: àr SeiZleba boroteba iyos di-
adi, sikvdili zogjer namdvilad diadia, Sesabamisad, sikvdili ar aris boroteba~.
Tqveni azriT, romeli msjelobaa sofisturi _ lukreciusis Tu zenon kitionelisa? an
iqneb arc erTi maTgani ar migaCniaT aseTad? Tqveni pasuxi daasabuTeT.
ras ityviT, gamodgeba Tu ara lukreciusis an zenon kitionelis idea sikvdilis SiSis
dasaZlevad? ratom?
Tvalsazrisi
1. mwerali grigol abaSiZe (1914_1994) 80 wlisa gardaicvala. gardacvalebamde ori wliT

adre man dawera ese saxelwodebiT `sikvdilis poezia~, romlis fragmentic axla unda
waikiTxoT.
sikvdilis poezia
(fragmenti)
yvelafris bolo rom aucilebeli sikvdilia, qarTvelma kacma es `vefxistyaosnidan~ icis:

`ver daiWiravs sikvdilsa gza viwro, verca kldovani,
misgan yoveli gaswordes susti da Zalgulovani,
bolos Sehyarnes miwaman erTgan moyme da mxcovani...~
sikvdilis fatalur34 garduvalobaze msoflios yvela xalxis folklorsa da mwerloba-
Si sxvadasxvagvaradaa moTxrobili, magram uamrav TqmulebaTagan gamorCeulad meCveneba mah-
madis35 mier `yuranSi~36 naambobi legenda: erTxel Turme sikvdilis angelozma azraelma so-
lomon mefis37 wveulTa Soris erTi stumari SeniSna. azraelma Tvali daadga im stumars da
kargad daakvirda. kaci Sewuxda da solomons kiTxviT mimarTa: vin aris eg kaci, Tvali rom
damasoo. eg sikvdilis angeloziao, uTxra xelmwifem. SeSfoTebuli stumari CurCuliT Se-
evedra: ubrZane Sens morCil qarebs, axlave damqrolon da indoeTSi gadamtyorcnono. yov-
lisSemZle mefem Txovna ausrula. sikvdilis angelozi solomons mieaxla da auxsna: mag kacs
imitom davakvirdi ase CaciebiT, rom misi sulis misaRebad indoeTSi var Casasvlelio.
roca sikvdilmisjil sokrates megobrebma cixidan gaqceva SesTavazes, igi ar daTanxmda
da dacinviT uTxra Tavis keTilmosurneT: gana atikis gareT iseTi adgili gegulebaT, sikvdi-
li rom ver momagnebso?
daviT guramiSvili, romelsac vaJa-fSavela Tavis `winamorbedsa~ da ùZvirfases papas~
uwodebs, imave azrs ase gamoTqvams:
mova da momklavs sikvdili, mas vercad
stumari
davemalebi, gaveqce, vercad wauval,

cxenebic myavdes malebi, Saveba, veras
daaklebs Cveni Tofni da malebi~.
IV Tavi
34
fataluri _ sabediswero, gardauvali.
35
mahmadi igive muhamadi (570_632) _ winaswarmetyveli, muslimuri religiis Semqmneli.
36
yurani _ wigni, romelsac muslimTaTvis iseTive mniSvneloba aqvs, rogoric biblias qristianTaT-
vis. Targmnilia qarTulad.
37
191
solomon mefe, igive solomon brZeni _ bibliuri personaJi; yuranis mixedviT suleimani.
guramiSvili da vaJa-fSavela erT konteqstSi tyuilad ar mixsenebia. mravalsaukunovan
qarTul literaturaSi yvelaze meti adgili maT poeziaSi uWiravs sikvdilze dafiqrebas.
guramiSvili tragikuli bedis adamiani iyo. samkvidrodan Sors gadatyorcnilma poetma
adreve gamoscada wuTisoflis gautanloba da muxanaToba. mas araerTxel Cauxedia TvalebSi
sikvdilisaTvis da bolos, roca Tavisi odisea `daviTianad~ aqcia, sawuTros gulisSemZvreli
samduravi Tqva da sikvdilTan gasaocari dialogi gamarTa. guramiSvilis sityviT, es `xorciT
gaumaZRari~, `mSieri da mWle kaci~ celis lesviT rom aris garTuli, adamianis yvela ubedu-
rebis mizezia da sruliad imsaxurebs aseT agdebul damokidebulebas:
`midis-modis es sofeli,
qartexilTa zRvisebr Relavs,
ukan dasdevs dro da qselavs,
is mWle kaci cels ras iqnevs,
rasa sTibavs, rasa scelavs?...
sikvdilis garduvalobasTan Serigebas, sicocxlis gagrZelebis kanonisadmi damorCile-
bis aucileblobas aRiarebs xalxuri sibrZnec:
`vinc mokvda, Tavsa moukvda,
cocxleb kidev xvnen yanasa.~
adamiani iZulebulia Seurigdes sikvdils, magram ara rogorc sicocxlis sabolood gaq-
robasa da dasasruls.
msoflios xalxebis religiebi da xalxuri warmodgenebic imis rwmenas Caagoneben adami-
ans, rom sicocxle sikvdiliT ar Tavdeba da, rom amqveynidan gasuli adamianis suli iwyebs
axal, ìmqveyniur~ cxovrebas SaveTsa da suleTSi.
qristianobam Seqmna adamianis sulis ganwmendis mravalsafexuriani procesis modeli, ro-
melic Taviseburad aisaxa dantes monumentur poemaSi38...
sikvdili.
sikvdili...
adamiani, rac ufro uaxlovdeba sikvdils, miT ufro rwmundeba Tavis uRonobaSi, kargavs
masTan SebrZolebisa da Seurigeblobis survils. xandazmul kacs arCevanic aRar gaaCnia da
erTaderTi isRa darCenia, winaprebis rwmenas miendos da Tavad sikvdilSi eZios sicocxlis
dausrulebloba.
aseT wuTebSi me maxsendeba Cemi sayvareli frangi poetis sityvebi: `sikvdilSi vpoveb
nugeSsa da axal sicocxles.~
am imediT gamxnevebuli, me ufro Sorsac mivdivar da vaJa-fSavelas leqsiT vlocav Cem-
Tvis ukve sicocxlesTan erT arsebad qceul sikvdils:
`RmerTma giSvelos sikvdilo,
sicocxle Svenobs SeniTa!~
grigol abaSiZe
eWvi ar aris, moxuci mwerali bevrs fiqrobda sikvdilze da es esec am fiqridan iSva.
rogor fiqrobT, SeZlo man sikvdilis SiSis daZleva? Tqveni Tvalsazrisi daasabuTeT.
stumari
ganmarteT, rogor gesmiT vaJa-fSavelas sityvebi:

`RmerTma giSvelos sikvdilo,
IV Tavi
sicocxle Svenobs SeniTa!~
192 38
igulisxmeba dante aligieris (1265_1321) `RvTaebrivi komedia~. Targmnilia qarTulad.
2. waikiTxeT revaz inaniSvilis qvemoT moyvanili etiudi:
`_ daiwos, daiwos sikvdilis momgoni, _ mosTqvamdnen qalebi sionis avtobusSi.
erTi fSaveli qali ijda _ Savi, Savadmimxmari, mwvane foTlebayolebuli Savi windis
mqsoveli _ iman Tqva:
_ nu laparakobT sisuleleebsa. sikvdili rom ar iyos, xo jojoxeTze metad aq gauWir-
deba adamiansa. roca Zalian, Zalian gviWirs, ro aRara gvaq sulis moTqmis saxsari,
sikvdili maSin modis da gvanTavisuflebs tanjvisagan.
unda gvikvirdes, rom aseTma qalma Sva vaJa-fSavela?!~
Tqveni azriT, es `Savi, Savadmimxmari~ da windis mqsoveli fSaveli qali axalgazrda

iqneboda, saSualo asakisa Tu moxuci? Tqveni Tvalsazrisi daasabuTeT.
ratom axsenebs mwerals am qalis naTqvami vaJa-fSavelas?
3. jemal qarCxaZe erTgan wers:

èrTma kacma sikvdilis win Turme Tvali moavlo irgvliv Semokrebil Wirisuflebs da
Tavisi ukanaskneli fraza warmoTqva: àba, ar gemSvidobebiT!~ ar vici, dakvirvebixarT
Tu ara, rogor wynardebi zogjer adamiani, roca gagaxsendeba, rom sicocxle maradiuli
ar aris. me vgulisxmob ara stresul situacias, roca grZnobebi, rogorc wesi, gvatyuebs
xolme, aramed Cveulebriv, avkargian yoveldRiurobas. saerTod, rac gardauvalia, ar
SeiZleba saSiSi iyos. da saidanac tiriliT movediT, iq tiriliT dabruneba ar egebis.
metic: sikvdilis imedi rom ar hqonoda, adamiani sicocxles ar isurvebda. wveTi zRvas
unda SeerTos, mravali erTad unda iqces. bolos da bolos, Cven xom aq stumrad varT,
erTgvar eqskursiaze vimyofebiT droSi da adre Tu gvian Cvens maradiul saxlSi unda
davbrundeT, imaze saamo ki ra unda iyos, damRleli wanwalis Semdeg kaci Sin dabrunde!
erTi sityviT, Tuki goneba imarjvebs da siRrmeebs ar SeuSindeba, aRmoaCens, rom sik-
vdilSi saSiSi marTlac araferia. sokratem da montenma, magaliTad, es Zalian kargad
ician. da saerTodac, sakamaTo, albaT, araferi iqneboda, magram am saR msjelobas erTi
didi nakli axlavs _ aseT zRvrul sakiTxebSi goneba mTlad kompetenturi ar aris da es
optimisturi spekulaciac39 Tavisi sokrateTi da monteniT ukanasknel wams SeiZleba
Tavze dagengres. aravin icis, karibWesTan ras mieniWeba upiratesoba _ gonebas Tu
grZnobas. simarTles, safiqrebelia, maSin SevityobT, roca zRurblze aRmovCndebiT.
oRond es aris, ukan darCenilebs aqedan xmas ukve veRar mivawvdenT, anu _ saidumlo
maradiulia... yvelaze jansaRad is kaci mokvda, Wirisuflebs rom ar gamoemSvidoba.~
Tqveni azriT, SeiZleba amgvari msjelobiT sikvdilis SiSis daZleva?
SeiZleba Tu ara es msjeloba sofisturad CaiTvalos? ratom?
j. qarCxaZe wers: `sikvdilis imedi rom ar hqonoda, adamiani sicocxles ar isurvebda~.

SeiZleba Tu ara am azris dakavSireba windis mqsoveli qalis naTqvamTan da vaJa-fSave-
las leqsTan? rogor?
weriTi davaleba
stumari
geronti qiqoZis esedan Cans, rom zogierTi adamiani amjobinebda sikvdils Zveli berZeni
filosofosis platonis (Zv.w. 428_347) dialogebis kiTxviT Sexvedroda (arsebobs am moazrov-
IV Tavi
nis teqstebis baCana bregvaZiseuli qarTuli Targmanebi). Tqveni amocanaa Sesabamisi sacnobaro
literaturis gamoyenebiT daweroT referati am adamianis cxovrebasa da moRvaweobaze. (ix.
danarTi # 5).
39
spekulacia _ cdisa da praqtikisagan mowyvetili azrovneba.
193
§ II
avtoris Sesaxeb
`mas eSinoda sikvdilis; aki Tavadac aRiarebda, rom Zrwolas hgvrida

sikvdilze fiqri. oRond SiSi sxvisi Tanalmobisa da Tanaziarobis sur-
vils rodi warmoSobda. mas surda procesis Seswavla da Secnoba. es iyo
damokidebuleba _ gonismieri, cnobieri, iqneb TviTmiznuric... SiSi da
ironia, codna àryofnisa~, mosakvdenad mzadeba... yovelive adre siWabu-
kidan daiwyo.
lev tolstoi ivan bunins1 xazgasmiT moaqvs markus avreliusis2 Teza: `Cveni umaRle-
1828_1910 si daniSnuleba sikvdilisTvis mzadebaa”, da rogorc wers tolstoi _
`roca adamiani `dReniadag emzade sikvdilisTvis, iswavle mokvde Rirseulad”.
arasworad cxov-
robs, es mas Tavis Rirseulad, lamazad, amayad mokvdoma rCeulTa xvedria _ sulis aR-
motyuebis saSua- zevebis, Zlierebis, RvTismosaobisa da saTnoebis magaliTi.
lebas aZlevs da `...da Tu ki vinme odesme iyo dajildoebuli ormagi xedviT da dajil-
swored amitom
verc Tavis ubad- doebuli swored sikvdilis angelozisgan, es gaxldaT lev tolstoi~.
ruk yofas xedavs~. otia paWkoria
l. tolstoi
lev tolstoi
ivan iliCis sikvdili

(moTxroba ibeWdeba SemoklebiT)
***
sasamarTlo dawesebulebaTa did SenobaSi melvinskebis saqmis gamo mimdinare sxdomis Ses-
venebaze sasamarTlos wevrebi da prokurori ivan egoroviC Sebekis kabinetSi Seikribnen da
krasovskis gaxmaurebul saqmeze daiwyes laparaki. fedor vasileviCi gacxarebiT amtkicebda,
saqme aragansjadiao. ivan egoroviCi Tavisas gaiZaxoda, piotr ivanoviCi ki Tavidanve ganze
gadga, kamaTs Tavi aarida da axlad Semotanili ùwyebebis~ Tvaliereba daiwyo.
_ batonebo, _ Tqva man, _ ivan iliCi momkvdara.
_ nuTu?
_ ai, waikiTxeT, _ uTxra man fedor vasileviCs da axali nomeri gauwoda, romelsac jer
kidev saRebavis suni asdioda.
Sav CarCoSi dabeWdili iyo: `praskovia fedorovna golovina Rrma mwuxarebiT auwyebs na-
Tesavebsa da nacnobebs sayvareli meuRlis, sasamarTlo palatis wevris, ivan iliC golovinis
gardacvalebas _ 1882 wlis 4 Tebervals. gamosveneba paraskevs, naSuadRevis pirvel saaTze~.
ivan iliCi Sekrebili batonebis amxanagi gaxldaT. is yvelas uyvarda. ukve ramdenime kvira
stumari
iyo, avadmyofobda da, rogorc ambobdnen, ukurnebeli seniT iyo daavadebuli. samsaxurSi ad-
gili enaxeboda, Tumca arsebobda mosazreba, rom misi sikvdilis SemTxvevaSi mis adgilze Se-
iZleba aleqseevi daeniSnaT, aleqseevis adgilze ki _ vinnikovi an Stabeli. amitom ivan iliCis
IV Tavi
sikvdilis ambis gagebisas kabinetSi myofma TiToeulma batonma is gaifiqra, rogor imoqme-
debda es ambavi maTi nacnobebisa da Tavad maT Tanamdebobriv gadaadgilebasa Tu dawinaurebaze.
1
ivan bunini (1870_1953) _ rusi mwerali, nobelis premiis laureati.
194 2
markus avreliusi (121_180) _ romis imperatori, filosofosi. Targmnilia qarTulad.
àxla albaT Stabelis an vinnikovis adgils miviReb, _ gaifiqra fedor vasileviCma, _ amas
karga xania mpirdebian, am dawinaurebiT ki rvaasi maneTi momemateba, kancelariis CauTvlelad~.
àxla kalugidan colisZmis gadmoyvana unda viTxovo, gaifiqra piotr ivanoviCma, _ cols
Zalian gauxardeba. veRar metyvis, CemianebisTvis arasodes araferi gagikeTebiao~.
_ vicodi, rom veRar adgeboda, _ xmamaRla Tqva piotr ivanoviCma, _ dasanania.
_ mainc ra sWirda?
_ eqimebma ver daadgines. ufro sworad, adgendnen, magram sul sxvadasxvanairad. roca
ukanasknelad vnaxe, megona, gamojanmrTeldeboda.
_ me ki dResaswaulebis Semdeg aRar minaxavs. sul vapirebdi.
_ ra qonebis patroni iyo?
_ mgoni, cols hqonda cota raRaca, Tumca didi araferi.
_ ho, misvla aucilebeli
iqneba. Zalian Sors ki cxov-
roben.
_ es Tqvenganaa Sors, Tqven-
gan xom yvelaferi Sorsaa.
_ ai, xedavT, ar SeuZlia
mapatios, gaRma rom vcxov-
rob, _ gaeRima Sebekis naT-
qvamze piotr ivanoviCs da sa-
ubari ganagrZes qalaqebis di-
di manZilebis Sesaxeb, mere ki
kvlav sxdomaze dabrundnen.
garda imisa, rom mosa-
lodnel gadaadgilebebsa da
cvlilebebze fiqrobdnen,
axlo nacnobis gardacvalebis
faqtma yvelas, vinc ki amis Se-
saxeb Seityo, rogorc yovel-
Tvis xdeba xolme, sixaruli
mohgvara: is mokvda da ara meo.
`rogoria, is mokvda, ai, me
ki _ ara~, _ gaifiqra TiToeulma. ivan iliCis axlo nacnobebma ki, misma egreT wodebulma
megobrebma, uneblieT isic gaifiqres, axla Zalian mosawyeni ritualebis Sesruleba da
qvrivTan misasamZimreblad misvla mogviwevso.
yvelaze axloblebi fedor vasileviCi da piotr ivanoviCi iyvnen.
piotr ivanoviCi jer kidev samarTalmcodneobis saswavleblidan amxanagobda ivan iliCTan
da Tavs misgan davalebulad Tvlida.
sadilobisas piotr ivanoviCma, cols ivan iliCis sikvdilis ambavi Seatyobina. colisZmis
maT olqSi gadmoyvanis Taobazec gaesaubra. da ise, rom mosasvenebladac ki ar wamowolila,
fraki Caicva da ivan iliCisas gaemgzavra.
ivan iliCis saxlis sadarbazosTan kareta da ori meetle idga. qvemoT, winkarSi, sakidTan,
stumari
kedelze, kubos farCagadakruli saxuravi iyo miyudebuli. ori Saosani qalbatoni ki qurqs
ixdida _ erTi ivan iliCis da iyo, meore ki _ misTvis ucnobi qali. zemodan piotr ivanoviCis
amxanagi, Svarci Camodioda. dainaxa Tu ara piotr ivanoviCi kibis zeda safexurze SeCerda da
IV Tavi
Tvali Caukra, TiTqos eubneboda: `sulelurad moqceula ivan iliCi, ai, me da Tqven ki Tavi
qudSi gvaqvso~.
Svarcis inglisurbakenbardebian saxesa da frakSi gamowyobil gamxdar sxeuls sadResas-
waulo ieri dahkravda, swored es sadResaswaulo ieri romelic ase ewinaaRmdegeboda Svarcis
195
laR bunebas, aq gansakuTrebiT gamomwvevad Canda.
piotr ivanoviCma qalebi win gaatara da nela auyva kibes. Svarci qvemoT aRar Camosula,
maRla darCa. piotr ivanoviCi mixvda, ratomac: rogorc Cans, undoda SeTanxmebuliyvnen Tu
sad Casxdomodnen amaRam vints3. qalbatonebi qvrivis sanaxavad gavidnen, Svarcma ki mravlis-
metyvelad mokumuli tuCebiT, Tavisi oinbazuri gamoxedviT da warbebis moZraobiT aniSna
piotr ivanoviCs marjvniv, im oTaxisken, sadac cxedari esvena.
rogorc saerTod xdeba xolme, piotr ivanoviCic Secbunebeli Sevida oTaxSi, radgan ar
icoda, ra unda gaekeTebina. Tumca pirjvris gadawera aseT viTarebaSi xels rom ar SeuSlida,
amaSi darwmunebuli iyo. ai, Tavis dakvrac iyo Tu ara saWiro, es ver gaerkvia da amitom raRac
saSualo airCia: oTaxSi Sesvlisas pirjvris gadawera da TiTqos Tavis dakvrac daiwyo. Tan,
ramdenadac Tavisa da xelebis moZraoba amis saSualebas aZlevda, oTaxic mimoaTvaliera: ori
axalgazrda kaci _ erTi gimnazieli, albaT naTesavebi, _ pirjvris weriT gamodioda oTaxidan;
moxuci qali gaunZrevlad idga da ucnauradaweulwarbebian qals usmenda, romelic raRacas
eCurCuleboda; serTukiani medaviTne gayinuli gamometyvelebiT xmamaRla kiTxulobda ra-
Racas; msaxurma gerasimma msubuqi nabijebiT Cauara win piotr ivanoviCs da Tan iatakze raRac
moabnia, amis danaxvisas piotr ivanoviCs maSinve gvamis xrwnis suni eca. ivan iliCTan Tavisi
bolo stumrobisas piotr ivanoviCma gerasimi kabinetSi naxa; is mesasTumlis movaleobas as-
rulebda da ivan iliCs gansakuTrebulad uyvarda. piotr ivanoviCi pirjvris weras ganagrZobda
da Tan odnav Tavsac xrida. mere ki, roca es pirjvris gadawera ukve zedmetad gaWianurebulad
moeCvena, SeCerda da cxedari SeaTvaliera.
mkvdari iwva, rogorc yovelTvis wvanan mkvdrebi, gansakuTrebiT mZimed, kubos sagebSi
Cafluli gaSeSebuli sxeuliT, baliSze samudamod gadasvenebuli TaviT, win wamoweuli yvi-
Teli, cvilisferi SubliT, SeTxelebulTmiani safeTqlebiTa da zeda tuCze dabjenili grZeli
cxviriT. is Zalian Secvliliyo, kidev ufro gamxdariyo mas Semdeg, rac piotr ivanoviCma
naxa, magram rogorc yvela mkvdars, saxe axla imaze ufro lamazi da mravlismetyveli gaxdo-
moda, vidre cocxals hqonda: TiTqos risi gakeTebac saWiro iyo, ukve gaekeTebina da rac mTa-
varia sworad. mis gamometyvelebaSi cocxlebis mimarT sayveduric ikiTxeboda. es sayveduri
piotr ivanoviCs uadgilo eCvena, radgan CaTvala, rom es mas ar exeboda. raRac ar esiamovna,
amitom kidev erTxel gadaiwera pirjvari da rogorc TviTon moeCvena, TavazianobasTan Seu-
Tavsebeli aCqarebiT motrialda da karebisken wavida. Svarci gasasvlel oTaxSi eloda, fexebi
farTod gaeSala da orive xeliT zurgsukan cilindrs aTamaSebda. gamowkepili, eleganturi da
xalisiani Svarcis danaxvam gamoacocxla piotr ivanoviCi. mixvda, rom Svarci, ar eqceoda dam-
Trgunveli STabeWdilebis zegavlenis qveS. mTeli Tavisi ieriT is TiTqos ambobda: ivan iliCis
panaSvidi veranairad ver gamodgeba sakmaris sababad TamaSis CasaSlelad, anu veraferi SeuSliT
xels, am saRamosve tkacaniT gaxsnan banqos dasta, sanam laqia oTx aunTebel sanTels adgils
miuCens, da saerTodac, araviTari safuZveli ar arsebobs imisaTvis, rom am incidentma xeli
SeuSalos maT imaSi, rom es saRamoc sasiamovnod gaataron. uTxra kidec amis Sesaxeb CurCuliT
gverdiT Cavlil piotr ivanoviCs, Tan fedor vasileviCTan erTad partiis saTamaSod wasvla
SesTavaza. magram, etyoba, piotr ivanoviCs im saRamos vintiT Tavis Seqceva ar ewera. praskovia
fedorovna, dabali, msuqani qali, _ romelic miuxedavad yvela mcdelobisa _ mieRwia sapirispiro
SedegisaTvis, mxrebidan qvemoTken mainc ganierdeboda, _ mTlianad SavebiT Semosili, maqmaniani
TavsafriTa da kubos pirdapir mjdari qaliviT ucnaurad aweuli warbebiT, sxva qalebTan erTad
gamovida Tavisi oTaxidan, micvalebulis oTaxamde miacila isini da Tqva:
stumari
_ axla panaSvidi iqneba, SebrZandiT.

Svarcma gaurkvevlad daukra Tavi, SeCerda, TiTqos arc eTanxmeboda da arc uaryofda am
SeTavazebas. am dros praskovia fedorovnam icno piotr ivanoviCi, amoioxra, miuaxlovda, xeli
IV Tavi
xelze mohkida da uTxra:

_ vici, rom ivan iliCis namdvili megobari iyaviT, _ da ise Sexeda, Canda, misgan am sityvebis
Sesaferis qmedebas iTxovda.
196 3
vinti _ banqos erTgvari TamaSi.
piotr ivanoviCma icoda, rom rogorc iq iyo saWiro pirjvris wera, ise aqac _ xelze xeli
unda moeWira, amoexvneSa da eTqva: `merwmuneT!~ asec moiqca da maSinve igrZno, rom Sedegi
sasurveli aRmoCnda _ masac auCuyda guli da qvrivsac.
_ wamodiT, sanam dawyebula, salaparako maqvs TqvenTan, _ uTxra qvrivma, _ momeciT xeli.
piotr ivanoviCma xeli SesTavaza da isini Sida oTaxebisaken gaemarTnen, gverdze Cauares
Svarcs, romelmac sevdianad Caukra Tvali piotr ivanoviCs. mis kvimat gamoxedvaSi aSkarad
ikiTxeboda: èsec Tqveni vinti! nu gviwyenT, Tuki sxva partniors aviyvanT. roca gaTavisuf-
ldebiT, xuTni viTamaSebTo~.
piotr ivanoviCma kidev ufro Rrmad da sevdianad amoioxra, praskovia fedorovnam mad-
lierebis niSnad mouWira xeli. isini vardisferi kretoniT mofardagebul, TalxabaJuriani
lampiT ganaTebul sastumro oTaxSi Sevidnen da magidasTan dasxdnen: qvrivi _ divanze, piotr
ivanoviCi ki _ moSlilzambarebian dabal pufze, romelic misi dajdomisTanave uswormasworod
Caizniqa. praskovia fedorovnas undoda gaefrTxilebina, rom sxva skamze damjdariyo, magram
aseTi saqcieli Tavisi mdgomareobisTvis Seufereblad CaTvala da gadaifiqra. pufze dajdo-
misas piotr ivanoviCs gaaxsenda, rogor awyobda ivan iliCi am sastumro oTaxs da rogor eTaT-
bireboda mas mwvanefoTlebiani vardisferi kretonis Sesaxeb. divanze dasajdomad mimavali
qvrivi Tavisi Savi mosasxamiT magidis CuqurTmas gamoedo. piotr ivanoviCi misaxmareblad
wamoiwia, misi wamowevisTanave atortmanebuli pufidan. qvrivi TviTonve Seecada maqmanis ga-
Tavisuflebas da piotr ivanoviCi isev daeSva pufze. Tumca qvrivma mosasxamis bolomde gaTa-
visufleba ver moaxerxa da piotr ivanoviCs isev mouxda wamodgoma da pufic kvlav atortman-
da da amjerad TiTqos axrialda kidec. roca, rogorc iqna, dasrulda es yovelive, qvrivma
batistis sufTa cxvirsaxoci amoiRo da tirili daiwyo. maqmanis epizodma da pufTan Widilma
gamoafxizla piotr ivanoviCi. is warbebSeWmuxnuli Sescqeroda qals. uxerxuli mdgomareoba
ivan iliCis msaxurma _ sokolovma daarRvia, romelmac moaxsena praskovia fedorovnas, rom
mis mier sasaflaoze SerCeuli adgili orasi maneTi eRireboda. qvrivma tirili Sewyvita,
piotr ivanoviCs ganwiruli saxiT Sexeda da frangulad Tqva, rom es yvelaferi mas metismetad
umZims. piotr ivanoviCic uxmod daeTanxma, sxvagvarad arc SeiZleba iyoso.
_ moswieT, geTayva, _ uTxra qvrivma guliTadi da Rrmad damwuxrebuli xmiT da sokolovTan,
dasakrZali adgilis fasis garkvevas Seudga. piotr ivanoviCi eweoda da Tan esmoda, rogor
dawvrilebiT gamoikiTxa qalma miwis fasebi da gadawyvita, romeli unda aeRoT. mgaloblebis
Tadarigis daWerac ar daviwyebia. sokolovi wavida.
_ yvelafers TviTon vakeTeb, _ uTxra qalma piotr ivanoviCs da Tan magidaze dadebuli
albomebi erT mxares miawyo; mere SeamCnia, rom ferfli magidaze unda davardniliyo, maSinve
saferfle miaSvela piotr ivanoviCs da Cailaparaka: TvalTmaqcobad mimaCnia imis mtkiceba,
rom mwuxarebis gamo ar SemiZlia praqtikuli saqmeebis keTeba. piriqiT, Tuki raime SeZlebs
Svebis motanas vera, magram Cemi dardis Semsubuqebas mainc, es isev masze zrunvaa, _ isev amoiRo
cxvirsaxoci, TiTqos tirilic daapira, magram uceb, Tavs Zala daatana da mSvidad ganagrZo:
_ Tumca TqvenTan saqme maqvs.
piotr ivanoviCma Tavi daukra, Tan cdilobda rogorme daeokebina pufis zambarebi, rom-
lebic isev amoZravdnen mis qveS.
_ ukanasknel dReebSi saSinlad itanjeboda.
_ Zalian itanjeboda? _ hkiTxa piotr ivanoviCma.
stumari
_ oh, saSinlad! ukanasknel wuTebSi da saaTebSi ki ara, sami dRe da Rame Seusveneblad, gau-
Cereblad yviroda. es autaneli iyo. ar vici, rogor gavuZeli; sami oTaxis iqiTac ki ismoda.
oh! ra gadavitane!
IV Tavi
_ nuTu goneba ar daukargavs? _ hkiTxa piotr ivanoviCma.

_ ara, _ CurCuliT upasuxa qvrivma, _ bolo wuTamde ar daukargavs. sikvdilamde TxuTmeti
wuTiT adre gamogveTxova, da kidev gvTxova, valodia gagveyvana.
fiqrma im adamianis tanjva-wamebis Sesaxeb, ase axlos rom icnobda, jer rogorc patara
197
biWs, moswavles, mere _ srulwlovan partniors, Tavisi da am qalis aragulwrfelobis gacno-
bierebam, uceb SeaZrwuna piotr ivanoviCi. mas Tvalwin warmoudga ivan iliCis Subli, tuCze
dabjenili cxviri da SeeSinda.
`sami dRe da Rame saSineli tanjva-wameba da sikvdili. es xom SeiZleba mec damemarTos
nebismier wuTs~, _ gaifiqra man, magram maSinve, TviTonac ar icoda rogor, mxsnelad isev is
Cveulebrivi azri moevlina, rom es ivan iliCs SeemTxva da ara mas. es mas ar SeiZleba daemarTos;
Tuki ase ifiqrebs, sasowarkveTilebaSi Cavardeba, risi daSvebac ar SeiZleba, amas sxvaTaSoris
Svarcis gamometyvelebac TvalnaTliv udasturebda. azrTa amgvarma mdinarebam daamSvida pi-
otr ivanoviCi da man interesiT daiwyo wvrilmanebis gamokiTxva ivan iliCis gardacvalebis
Sesaxeb, TiTqos sikvdili iseTi ram iyo, rac mxolod ivan iliCs SeiZleboda Sexeboda, mas ki _
araviTar SemTxvevaSi.
ivan iliCis mier gadatanili marTlac saSineli fizikuri tanjva-wamebis wvrilmanebis (am
wvrilmanebis Sesaxeb ki piotr ivanoviCi imdenad igebda, ramdenadac ivan iliCis tanjva-wameba
moqmedebda praskovia fedorovnas nervebze) Sesaxeb gansxvavebuli azrebis gacvla-gamocvlis
Semdeg qvrivma, rogorc Cans, saWirod CaTvala saqmeze gadasuliyo.
_ oh, piotr ivanoviC, ra autanelia, ra saSinlad autanelia, ra saSinlad autaneli, _ da
isev atirda.
piotr ivanoviCi oxravda da eloda, sanam qali cxvirs moixocavda. roca moixoca, uTxra:
_ merwmuneT..., _ da qvrivi imaze alaparakda rac, rogorc Cans, misi mTavari saTqmeli iyo.
saqme im sakiTxis garkvevas exeboda, rogor moxerxebuliyo, qmris sikvdilTan dakavSirebiT,
xazinidan fulis miReba. qalma iseTi saxe miiRo, TiTqos piotr ivanoviCisTvis rCeva unda
ekiTxa pensionis Sesaxeb; magram piotr ivanoviCi xedavda, rom qalma dawvrilebiT icoda is,
rac misTvis ar iyo cnobili: ras SeiZleboda gamorCenoda xazinas qmris sikvdilis gamo; misgan
ki mxolod imis Setyoba surda, SesaZlebeli iyo Tu ara meti Tanxis aReba. piotr ivanoviCi
Seecada gamoeZebna aseTi saSualeba, magram cotaodeni dafiqrebisa da mTavrobis siZunwis
dagmobis Semdeg zrdilobianad Tqva, rom metis aReba albaT ver moxerxdebao. maSin qalma
amoioxra da agrZnobina, SegiZliaT mibrZandeTo. piotr ivanoviCi mixvda, papirosi Caaqro,
adga, xelze eambora da wina oTaxSi gavida.
sasadilo oTaxSi moTavsebul im saaTTan, romlis yidvac brikabrakSi4 ase uxaroda ivan
iliCs, piotr ivanoviCi mRvdelsa da panaSvidze mosul kidev ramdenime nacnobs Sexvda. ivan
iliCis lamazi qaliSvilic dainaxa, romelsac, SaviT Semosils, isedac wvrili weli, kidev
ufro viwro uCanda. gogonas saxes daRvremili, mtkice da TiTqmis mrisxane ieri dahkravda.
qaliSvilma ise daukra Tavi piotr ivanoviCs, TiTqos raRacaSi adanaSaulebda. qaliSvilis
ukan aseTive ganawyenebuli saxiT idga misi saqmro, piotr ivanoviCis nacnobi axalgazrda kaci,
sasamarTlos gamomZiebeli. piotr ivanoviCma maT Tavi daukra da micvalebulis oTaxSi daapira
gasvla, roca kibis qvemoT patara biWi gamoCnda, romelic saocrad hgavda ivan iliCs. es iyo
TiTqos patara ivan iliCi, romelic piotr ivanoviCs saswavleblidan axsovda. biWs namtiralevi
Tvalebi da iseTi gamometyveleba hqonda, camet-ToTxmeti wlis cuRlut biWebs rom aqvT
xolme. piotr ivanoviCis danaxvaze biWma daircxvina da Seecada mkacri ieri mieRo. piotr iva-
noviCma Tavi dauqnia da micvalebulis oTaxSi Sevida. daiwyo panaSvidi _ sanTlebi, oxvra, sak-
meveli, cremlebi, qviTini. piotr ivanoviCi pirquSi saxiT idga da fexebze iyureboda. cxed-
risaTvis erTxelac ar Seuxedavs. igi ar danebda gulisamaCuyebel gancdebs da erT-erTi pir-
veli gamovida oTaxidan. winkarSi aravin iyo. gerasimi micvalebulis oTaxidan gamovarda da
stumari
Tavisi Zlieri xelebiT miyar-moyara qurqebi, raTa piotr ivanoviCisa epova da miewodebina.
_ rao, Zmao gerasim, _ piotr ivanoviCma saWirod CaTvala miemarTa misTvis, _ gecodeba?
_ uflis nebaa. yvelani wavalT, _ erTmaneTze mijrili TeTri, glexuri kbilebi gamoaCina
IV Tavi
gerasimma da aqaoda, saqmes Zlivs avudivaro, moucleli muSakacis mondomebiT cocxlad gauRo
kari, meetles dauZaxa, piotr ivanoviCi etlSi Casva da ukan, WiSkrisken iseTi saxiT gadaxta,
TiTqos undoda gaexsenebina, axla ra maqvs gasakeTebelio.
198 4
antikvariatis maRazia (frang. bric-a-brac).
piotr ivanoviCs sakmevlis, gvamisa da karbolmJavas sunis Semdeg gansakuTrebiT esiamovna
sufTa haeris CasunTqva.
_ saiT mibrZanebT? _SeekiTxa meetle.
_ ar aris gviani. fedor vasileviCTan Sevivli.
da marTlac, miuswro maT pirveli roberis5 dasrulebamde da mexuTe moTamaSed Sesvlac
moaxerxa.
***
ivan iliCis cxovrebis istoria erTi yvelaze ubralo, Cveulebrivi, da amave dros yvelaze
saSineli istoriac iyo.
igi ormocdaxuTi wlisa gardaicvala rogorc sasamarTlo palatis wevri. Cinovnikis Svils
peterburgSi sxvadasxva saministroebsa da departamentebSi gakeTebuli karieriT im mdgoma-
reobisaTvis mieRwia, roca cxadi xdeba, rom raime mniSvnelovani Tanamdebobis dasakaveblad
es kaci ar gamodgeba, magram xangrZlivi samsaxurisa da garkveuli damsaxurebis gamo ar SeiZleba
misi gaTavisufleba da amitom aseTi pirebi fiqtiur, gamogonil adgilebze iniSnebian da Re-
buloben arafiqtiur aTasebs, eqvsidan aTamdec ki, da ase _ Rrma siberemde...
***
yvelani janmrTelad iyvnen. ar SeiZleboda avadmyofobad CaeTvalaT is, rom ivan iliCi
zogjer ityoda, ucnaur gemos vgrZnob pirSi, da raRac mawuxebs muclis marcxena mxareso.
magram moxda ise, rom es wuxili TandaTan gaizarda da mTlad tkivilad Tu ara, gverdSi
mudmivi simZimis SegrZnebad da cud ganwyobilebad iqca. am cudma ganwyobilebam ki, romelic
TandaTan izrdeboda da Zlierdeboda, daiwyo golovinebis ojaxSi TiTqmis ukve damkvidre-
buli laRi da Rirseuli cxovrebis wesis rRveva. col-qmarma sul ufro xSirad daiwyo Cxubi,
da male sruliad gaqra urTierTobis Zveli simsubuqe, SemorCenili ojaxuri Rirsebac suls
Rafavda. ojaxuri scenebi isev gaxSirda...
da praskovia fedorovnac axla arcTu usafuZvlod aRniSnavda xolme, rom mis qmars mZime
xasiaTi hqonda. misTvis Cveuli gazviadebiT acxadebda, rom mas yovelTvis aseTi cudi zne
hqonda da mxolod Tavisi saTnoebis wyalobiT SeZlo man amis atana oci wlis manZilze. simar-
Tle is gaxldaT, rom Cxubi axla marTlac ivan iliCisgan iwyeboda. misi axirebuloba yovelTvis
sadilis win iCenda xolme Tavs da xSirad swored maSin, roca wvnians miujdeboda. xan SeniSnavda,
rom WurWelia dazianebuli, xan _ kerZi ver aris iseTi, rogoric unda iyos, xanac vaJi awyobs
idayvebs magidaze an qaliSvils Tmebi ara aqvs kargad davarcxnili. mokled igi yvelaferSi
praskovia fedorovnas adanaSaulebda. Tavidan praskovia fedorovna epasuxeboda da uxeSi sit-
yvebiTac mimarTavda, magram erTi-orjer sadilobisas ivan iliCi ise gacxarda, rom coli mix-
vda, qmris aseT avadmyofur mdgomareobas sakvebis miReba iwvevda. amis Semdeg cdilobda Tavi
Seekavebina, aRar epasuxeboda qmars da mxolod sadilobis rac SeiZleba swrafad damTavrebas
cdilobda. praskovia fedorovna did damsaxurebad uTvlida sakuTar Tavs aseT Tvinierebas.
Seurigda im azrs, rom qmars autaneli xasiaTi aqvs da sakuTari Tavi ecodeboda. da rac ufro
metad ecodeboda Tavi, miT ufro metad sZulda ivan iliCi. imasac ki fiqrobda, kargi iqneba,
mokvdebodeso, Tumca, Tuki mokvdeboda, misi xelfasi aRar eqnebodaT, da es faqtic mis
winaaRmdeg ganawyobda. qali Tavs Zalian ubedurad Tvlida swored imis gamo, rom qmris
sikvdilsac ar SeeZlo misi xsna; Riziandeboda amis gamo, Tumca cdilobda am ukmayofilebis
stumari
dafarvas, magram, swored es faruli ukmayofileba kidev ufro aZlierebda qmris gaRizianebas.
morigi scenis Semdeg, roca ivan iliCi gansakuTrebiT usamarTlod moeqca meuRles, Ta-
vadve aRiara, rom gaRizianebis mizezi misi avadmyofoba iyo. maSin praskovia fedorovnam
IV Tavi
ganucxada, Tu avada xar, unda imkurnaloo da sityva CamoarTva, rom cnobil eqims miakiTxavda.
ivan iliCic wavida eqimTan. yvelaferi ise moxda, rogorc eloda. yvelaferi ise moxda,
rogorc yovelTvis xdeba xolme. lodinic, eqimis misTvis kargad nacnobi mediduroba, misi
5
banqos zogierT TamaSSi (mag. vistSi) _ erTi dasrulebuli wre (koni).
199
yovlisSemZle gamometyveleba; es swored is mediduroba iyo, TviTonac rom xSirad eufleboda
sasamarTloSi, kakunic, mosmenac, da kiTxvebic, winaswar gansazRvrul arafrismTqmel pasuxebs
rom iTxovdnen, is mravlismetyveli gamoxedvac, romelic cdilobda daerwmunebine, Sen mxo-
lod mogvende, Cven ki yvelafers mogigvarebT, CvenTvis cnobilia da ueWveli, rogor unda
movugvaroT yvelaferi nebismier adamianso. yvelaferi zustad ise xdeboda, rogorc sasa-
marTloSi xdeba xolme. rogorc TviTon iRebda yovlismcodne medidur iers sasamarTloSi
braldebulTa winaSe, zustad iseTsave iers iRebda gamoCenili eqimi mis mimarTac.
eqimi ambobda: esa da es migviTiTebs, rom Tqven SigniT gaqvT esa da esao; magram Tuki es ar
dasturdeba amisa da amis gamokvleviT, maSin esa da es unda vivaraudoTo. da Tuki vivaraudebT
amas da amas, maSin... da a. S. da a. S. ivan iliCisaTvis ki sasicocxlo mniSvneloba mxolod erT
kiTxvas hqonda: saxifaToa misi mdgomareoba Tu ara? magram eqimi ugulebelyofda am uadgilo
SekiTxvas. eqimis azriT, es fuWi SekiTxva iyo da gansjas ar eqvemdebareboda; SesaZlebeli iyo,
mxolod awon-dawona varaudebisa _ moZravi Tirkmlis, qronikuli katarisa da brma nawlavis
daavadebis Sesaxeb. TiTqos ivan iliCis sikvdil-sicocxlis sakiTxi ki ar idga, aramed mimdi-
nareobda kamaTi Tirkmelsa da brma nawlavs Soris. eqimma es kamaTic ivan iliCis Tvalwin brma
nawlavis sasargeblod gadaWra, oRond daamata, rom Sardis gamokvlevam SesaZloa axali sam-
xilebi mogvces da maSin saqmis gadasinjva iqneba saWiroo. yvelaferi es zustad is iyo, rasac
TviTon ivan iliCi aseTive warmatebiT axorcielebda braldebulebTan. bolos, brwyinvale
reziumec gaakeTa eqimma da gamarjvebuli saxiT, mxiaruladac ki gadmoxeda saTvalis zemodan
braldebuls. eqimis reziumes mixedviT ivan iliCma daaskvna, rom misi saqme cudadaa, da am
eqimisTvisac da, albaT, yvelasTvisac, es sulerTia, TviTon ki cudadaa. am daskvnam daTrguna
ivan iliCi. mas Zalian Seebrala sakuTari Tavi. misTvis ase mniSvnelovani sakiTxisadmi eqimis-
gan gamoCenilma gulgrilma damokidebulebam ki saSinlad gaaRiziana da eqimis mimarT didi
guliswyromis grZnoba aRuZra.
Tumca araferi uTqvams, adga, fuli magidaze dado, amoioxra da Tqva:
_ Cven, avadmyofebi, albaT xSirad gisvamT xolme uadgilo SekiTxvebs, da mainc, miTxariT,
saSiSia es daavadeba Tu ara?
eqimma saTvalis zemodan cali TvaliT mkacrad gadmoxeda, TiTqos eubneboda: Tu TqvenTvis
dasmuli SekiTxvebiT ar SemoifarglebiT, iZulebuli viqnebi gankarguleba gavce da sxdomaTa
darbazidan gagaZevoTo.
_ me ukve giTxariT yvelaferi, rac saWirod da mizanSewonilad miviCnie, _ Tqva eqimma, _
danarCens gamokvleva gviCvenebs, _ da Tavi daukra.
ivan iliCi nela gamovida, uxalisod Cajda marxilSi da saxlSi gaemgzavra. mTeli gza sul
imis gaxsenebas lamobda, rac eqimma uTxra da cdilobda yvela is gaurkveveli, mecnieruli
sityva ubralo enaze eTargmna da ase gaeca pasuxi kiTxvaze: cudada var, Zalian cudad, Tu jer
ara miSavs rao? eCveneboda, rom eqimis mTeli nalaparakevis azri is iyo, rom Zalian cudadaa.
ivan iliCs gzad yvelaferi Zalian mowyenili eCvena. meetleebi naRvlianad gamoiyurebodnen,
saxlebic, gamvlelebic. tkivilma ki, im yru, gulis gamawvrilebelma tkivilma, arc erTi wuTiT
rom ar uyuCdeboda, eqimis gaurkveveli saubris Semdeg TiTqos sxva, ufro seriozuli mniS-
vneloba SeiZina. axla ivan iliCi sul sxva, ukve axali, mZime gancdiT akvirdeboda mas.
saxlSi dabrunebulma cols dauwyo ambis moyola. praskovia fedorovna usmenda, magram
stumari
Sua Txrobisas sagareod gamowyobili qaliSvili Semovida, romelic dedasTan erTad sadRac
apirebda wasvlas. is naZaladevad Camojda im mosabezrebeli uazrobis mosasmenad, romelzec
mama saubrobda. magram didxans ver gauZlo; dedamac ver moismina bolomde.
IV Tavi
_ Zalian mixaria, _ uTxra colma, _ aba, axla wamali droze unda miiRo; momeci recepti,
gerasims gavgzavni afTiaqSi, _ da Casacmelad gavida.
ivan iliCma, sanam coli oTaxSi iyo, sulis moTqmac ver moaswro da rogorc ki is oTaxidan
gavida, mZimed amoioxra.
200
_ ra gaewyoba, _ Cailaparaka TavisTvis, _ iqneb jer marTlac ara miSavs ra.
daiwyo wamlebis miReba, eqimis im daniSnulebis Sesruleba, Sardis gamokvlevis Semdeg
rom Seicvala. Tumca amasobaSi am gamokvlevasa da imaSic, rac am gamokvlevas unda mohyoloda,
raRac gaugebroba warmoiSva. TviTon eqimamde miRweva SeuZlebeli Seiqna da gamodioda, rom
imas ar akeTebdnen, rasac eqimi moiTxovda. man an daiviwya, an icrua, anda daumala ivan iliCs
raRac.
Tumca ivan iliCma mainc zustad daiwyo eqimis daniSnulebis Sesruleba da pirvel xanebSi
aman erTgvari Svebac ki mohgvara.
eqimTan vizitis Semdeg ivan iliCis mTavar sazrunavad eqimis daniSnulebis zustad Ses-
ruleba iqca. aseve gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aqcevda Tavis tkivilsa da organizmis moqme-
debis yovel wvrilmans. am dRidan ivan iliCis umTavresi interesis sagani adamianTa sneulebani
da maTi janmrTeloba gaxda. roca misi TandaswrebiT iwyebdnen laparaks gardacvlilebze,
gamojanmrTelebulebze, gansakuTrebiT iseT daavadebaze, misas rom hgavda, smenad gadaqceu-
li, am avadmyofobas Tavisas adarebda, kiTxvebs svamda da Tan mRelvarebis dafarvas cdilobda.
tkivili ar uneldeboda, magram ivan iliCi Tavs Zalas atanda, da fiqrobda ukeTesad varo.
axerxebda kidec Tavis motyuebas, sanam araferi aaRelvebda. magram rogorc ki usiamovneba
mouxdeboda colTan, warumatebloba _ samsaxurSi, an cudi karti mouvidoda vistis TamaSisas,
maSinve grZnobda Tavisi sneulebis mTel simZimes; aqamde am usiamovnebebs imis molodiniT
itanda, ai, sadacaa gamovasworeb Secdomas, vajobeb, warmatebas mivaRwev, did Slems6 aviRebo;
axla ki, nebismieri marcxis Semdeg moceliliviT iyo da sasowarkveTa ipyrobda. Tavis Tavs
eubneboda: swored axla daviwye gamokeTeba, wamalmac ukve daiwyo moqmedeba, rom ara es wyeu-
li marcxi da usiamovnebao... da brazobda Tavis marcxze da adamianebze, romlebic usiamovne-
bas da momakvdinebel tkivils ayenebdnen. imasac kargad grZnobda rogor anadgurebda es
RvarZli; magram misgan Tavis daRwevas ver axerxebda. TiTqos cxadi unda yofiliyo, rom gab-
razeba garemoebebsa da adamianebze arTulebda mis avadmyofobas da amitom ar unda mieqcia
yuradReba usiamovno SemTxveviTobebisaTvis; magram sruliad sawinaaRmdegod iqceoda: am-
bobda, rom simSvide sWirdeba, magram mainc yvela wvrilmans yuradRebas aqcevda. sul umniS-
vnelo ram aRizianebda. mis mdgomareobas isic arTulebda, rom kiTxulobda samedicino wignebs
da eqimebisganac xSirad iRebda rCevebs. gauareseba ise Tanmimdevrulad midioda, rom SeeZlo
moetyuebina Tavi. roca erTi dRis mdgomareobas meore dResTan adarebda _ gansxvaveba TiTqmis
ar igrZnoboda, magram roca eqimebisagan iRebda rCevebs, eCveneboda, rom saqme uaresobisken
midis da Tan Zalian swrafadac. miuxedavad yvelafrisa, mainc gamudmebiT eTaTbireboda eqimebs.
am TveSi meore saxelganTqmul eqimsac gaesinja. am meore saxelganTqmulma eqimmac TiTqmis
igive uTxra, rac pirvelma, oRond kiTxvebi dausva sxvanairad. saxelganTqmul eqimTan misvlam
mxolod gaaZliera ivan iliCis eWvebi da SiSi. misi megobris megobarma _ Zalian kargma eqimma _
kidev ufro sxvanairad Seafasa misi avadmyofoba da, miuxedavad imisa, rom gamojanmrTeleba
aRuTqva, Tavisi kiTxvebiTa da varaudebiT kidev ufro daabnia da daaeWva ivan iliCi. homeopaTma7
Tavis mxriv sul sxva daskvna gaakeTa misi avadmyofobis Sesaxeb da wamalic misca, da ivan iliCic,
yvelasgan malulad, erTi kvira svamda am wamals. magram erTi kviris Semdeg, roca ukeTesoba
ver igrZno da ndobac dakarga yvela sxva meTodisadmi, kidev ufro didma kaeSanma moicva.
erTxel erTi nacnobi qalbatoni yveboda raRacas xatebiT gankurnebis Sesaxeb. ivan iliCma
sakuTari Tavi daiWira imaSi, rom yuradRebiT usmenda mas da faqtis sinamdviles amowmebda. am
SemTxvevam SeaSina. `nuTu ase gamovsuleldi? _ hkiTxa sakuTar Tavs, _ tyuilia! yvelaferi
stumari
sisulelea, ar unda avyve eWvebs, erTi eqimi unda avirCio da mis rCevebs mivyve. asec moviqcevi.
morCa. gaTavda. aRar vifiqreb da zafxulamde mkacrad Sevasruleb mis yvela daniSnulebas.
maSin gamoCndeba yvelaferi. wertili unda davusva am meryeobas!~ amis Tqma advili iyo, Sesru-
IV Tavi
leba ki _ SeuZlebeli. gverdSi tkivili ar cxreboda, TiTqos Zlierdeboda kidec, aRar Cer-
6
banqos TamaSSi _ mdgomareoba, roca mowinaaRmdeges dawesebulze naklebi gaWrili karti aqvs.
7
homeopaTia _ mkurnalobis meTodi _ Zalian mcire dozebiT xmareba iseTi wamlebisa, romelTa didi
dozebi janmrTel adamianSi iwvevs mocemuli daavadebis niSnebs.
201
deboda, pirSic sul ufro ucnaur gemos grZnobda, eCveneboda, rom raRac sazizRari suni
amosdis da madaca da Zalac sul ufro ekargeboda. Tavis motyueba aRar SeiZleboda: mis Tavs
raRac sazareli, axali da iseTi saSineli ram xdeboda, rogoric arasodes momxdara. mxolod
man erTaderTma icoda amis Sesaxeb, yvelas, vinc ki gars exvia, ar esmoda an ar surda gaego es da
fiqrobdnen, rom yvelaferi Zveleburad midioda. swored es tanjavda yvelaze metad ivan
iliCs. Sinaurebs _ rac mTavaria, colsa da qaliSvils, romlebic balebisa da rautebis gaxure-
buli sezoniT iyvnen dakavebuli _ xedavda, rom araferi esmodaT, da javrobdnen, ratom iyo
is aseTi naRvliani da axirebuli, TiTqos es misi brali yofiliyos. Tumca isini cdilobdnen
amis dafarvas, magram TviTon xedavda, rom xels uSlida maT. colmac ukve gamoimuSava garkve-
uli damokidebuleba misi avadmyofobisadmi da erTgulad icavda mas, imisda miuxedavad, Tu
ras akeTebda an ambobda ivan iliCi. es damokidebuleba ki amgvari gaxldaT:
_ iciT, _ eubneboda praskovia fedorovna nacnobebs, _ ivan iliCs ar SeuZlia is, _ rac
yvela keTilgonier adamians moeTxoveba, _ daniSnuli mkurnalobis mkacrad Catareba. dRes
wveTebs miiRebs da imas SeWams, rac nabrZanebi aqvs, drozec dawveba, xval ki, uceb, Tuki gamo-
mepara, daaviwydeba wamlis miReba, TarTsac geaxlebaT (es ki akrZaluli aqvs) da vintsac iTama-
Sebs Ramis pirvel saaTamde.
_ ras ambob, aba rodis, _ wamoiZaxebs ganawyenebuli ivan iliCi, _ eg mxolod erTxel iyo,
piotr ivanoviCTan.
_ guSin ki SebekTan.
_ sulerTia, tkivilisagan mainc ver viZinebdi...
_ ar vici risgan, magram ase Sen verasodes gamojanmrTeldebi da Cvenc gagvawvaleb. pras-
kovia fedorovnas damokidebuleba qmris avadmyofobisadmi imgvari iyo, rom TiTqos amaSi
damnaSave ivan iliCia da mTeli es avadmyofoba sxva araferia, Tu ara mis mier colisaTvis
miyenebuli axali usiamovneba. ivan iliCi grZnobda, rom meuRles uneblieT gamosdioda ase,
magram mis gaWirvebas ras uSvelida.
ivan iliCi sasamarTloSic amCnevda, _ an fiqrobda, rom amCnevda, _ aseTsave ucnaur damo-
kidebulebas mis mimarT: xan eCveneboda, rom mas akvirdebodnen rogorc adamians, romelmac
sadacaa adgili unda gaaTavisuflos; xan megobrebi dascinodnen mis eWvianobas, TiTqos is
raRac sazareli da saSineli, gamoucnobi ram, masSi rom dabudebuliyo da gauCereblad swovda
da SeuCereblad eweoda saiTkenRac, yvelaze sasiamovno sagani yofiliyo saxumarod. gansa-
kuTrebiT Svarci aRizianebda Tavisi oinbazobiT, sicocxlisunarianobiTa da imiT, rasac ko-
milfos8 eZaxian da rac ivan iliCs aTi wlis winandel sakuTar Tavs agonebda.
modiodnen megobrebi kartis saTamaSod. sxdebodnen, arigebdnen karts, iwyebdnen axali
dastis moTelvas, aguris karts agurTan awyobdnen, sul Svid cals. partniori ambobs: vTamaSob
uTulfod da or agurs Camodis. raRa unda undodes _ Slemia! magram uceb ivan iliCi grZnobs
im mRrRnel tkivils, usiamovno gemos pirSi da ukve raRac velurobad eCveneba, rom aseT dros
SeiZleba Slemi gixarodes!
is uyurebs mixail mixailoviCs _ partniors, romelic Tavis sangvinikur xels magidas
urtyams da Tavazianad da Semwynareblurad ikavebs Tavs kartis aRebisagan da maT ivan iliCisaken
swevs, raTa mas Zalis dataneba da xelis Sors gawvdena ar dasWirdes maT mosagroveblad. `ra,
gana ukve ise davsustdi, rom xelis gawvdenac aRar SemiZlia~, _ fiqrobs ivan iliCi, aviwydeba
Tulfebi, zedmet Tulfs Camodis Tavisi svlisas da agebs xels.
yvela xedavs, ra dReSicaa igi da eubnebian: `SegviZlia davamTavroT, Tu daiRaleT. Tqven
stumari
ki daisveneTo~. daisvenos? ara, sulac ar daRlila da yvelani erTad amTavreben robers. yvela
daRvremilia da mdumare. ivan iliCi grZnobs, rom misi bralia yvelaferi... navaxSmevs megobrebi
saxlebSi brundebian da ivan iliCi marto rCeba sakuTar TavTan, im gancdiT aforiaqebuli,
IV Tavi
rom misi sicocxle mowamlulia da sxvebsac uwamlavs sicocxles, es sawamlavi ki ar ileva,

piriqiT, sul ufro metad ipyrobs mis arsebas.
8
komilfo (frang. comme il faut rogorc wesia) _ ityodnen imaze, rac Seesabameboda e.w. `maRal sazo-
202 gadoebaSi~ miRebul wesebs.
ivan iliCi amis SegnebiT, fizikuri tkiviliTa da ZrwoliT wveba loginSi da tkivilisagan
sul ufro xSirad TeTrad aTenebs TiTqmis mTel Rames. diliT ki isev unda adges, Caicvas,
gaemgzavros sasamarTloSi, ilaparakos, weros, da Tu sasamarTloSi ar wava, maSin saxlSi unda
iyos ocdaoTxi saaTis ganmavlobaSi. TiToeuli saaTi ki misTvis tanjvadaa qceuli. amitomac
ase, sikvdilis piras misulma, unda icxovros martodmarto da ar arsebobs amqveynad erTi
adamianic ki, vinc mas gaugebs da Seicodebs.
***
ase grZeldeboda erTi Tve, SeiZleba oric. saaxalwlod qalaqSi colisZma Camovida. ivan
iliCi sasamarTloSi iyo. praskovia fedorovna sayidlebze gaxldaT. Tavis kabinetSi Sesul
ivan iliCs iq colisZma dauxvda, mxiaruli sangviniki9, romelic Cemodnidan Tavis nivTebs
alagebda. ivan iliCis fexis xmaze man Tavi aswia da erTi wamiT usityvod Seacqerda siZes. am
Sexedvam yvelaferi naTeli gaxada ivan iliCisaTvis. colisZmas gancvifrebisagan piri daeRo
da Tavs Zlivs ikavebda, rom xmamaRla ar gamoexata Tavisi gaoceba. aman kidev erTxel daadas-
tura ivan iliCis eWvebi.
_ rao, Sevicvale?
_ hoo..., cotaTi Secvlilxar.
bevrs ecada Semdeg ivan iliCi sityva Camoegdo colisZmasTan Tavisi garegnuli ieris Se-
saxeb, magram colisZmam pasuxs dumili amjobina. praskovia fedorovna dabrunda da colisZma
masTan gavida. ivan iliCma karebi gasaRebiT Caketa da sarkeSi daiwyo yureba _ jer pirdapir,
mere gverdidan. magididan colTan erTad gadaRebuli suraTi aiRo da imas Seadara, rac sarkeSi
moCanda. cvlileba uzarmazari aRmoCnda. mere xelebi gaiSiSvla idayvebamde, daakvirda, saxe-
loebi CamouSva, da taxtze guldamZimebuli Camojda.
àra, ar ginda, ar ginda~, _ uTxra Tavis Tavs, wamoxta, magidasTan mivida, saqme gadaSala,
kiTxva daiwyo, magram ver SeZlo. karebi gamoaRo da misaReb oTaxSi gavida. sastumro oTaxis
karebi daxuruli iyo. fexakrefiT mivida karebTan da miayurada.
_ ara, azviadeb, _ ambobda praskovia fedorovna.
_ rogor Tu vazviadeb? ver xedav _ is ukve mkvdaria, Sexede mis Camqral Tvalebs. aseTi ra
daemarTa?
_ aravin icis. nikolaevma (es meore eqimi iyo) raRaca Tqva, magram ra, ar vici, leSCetickim
ki (es saxelganTqmuli eqimi gaxldaT) ganacxada, yvelaferi piriqiTaao...
ivan iliCi karebs moscilda, Tavis oTaxSi Sevida, dawva da fiqri daiwyo: `Tirkmeli, moZ-
ravi Tirkmeli~. gaaxsenda yvelaferi, rasac eqimebi eubnebodnen Tirkmlis Sesaxeb: rogor
moscilda Tavis adgils, rogor moZraobs da warmosaxvis daZabviT cdilobda daeWira es Tir-
kmeli da SeeCerebina, Tavis adgilze daemagrebina; eCveneboda, rom sul cotaodenis gakeTebaa
saWiro. àra, piotr ivanoviCTanac waval~ (es is megobari iyo, megobari eqimi rom hyavda). dareka,
cxenebis Sebma ubrZana da gasamgzavreblad moemzada.
_ saiT, Jean? _ hkiTxa colma gansakuTrebiT sevdiani da uCveulod saTno gamometyvelebiT.
am uCveulo saTnoobam gaabraza. pirquSad Sexeda cols.
_ piotr ivanoviCTan unda wavide.
da gaemgzavra megobarTan, romelsac megobari eqimi hyavda. erTad mividnen eqimTan. eqimi
saxlSi dauxvdaT da didxans esaubra ivan iliCs.
stumari
im anatomiuri da fiziologiuri wvrilmanebis ganxilvisas, romlebic, eqimis azriT, mis

avadmyofobas axlda Tan, man yvelaferi gaigo.
brma nawlavSi patara raRac gasCenoda. Tumca yvelafers eSveleboda, Tuki gaaZlierebda
IV Tavi
erTi organos energias da Seasustebda meorisas; moxdeboda Sewova da yvelaferi mogvarde-

boda. man cotaTi daigviana sadilze. isadila, xalisianad isaubra, magram TavisTan samuSaod
9
sangviniki _ metismetad xalisiani adamiani, romelic garegnulad mkveTrad gamoxatavs Tavis emo-
ciebs.
203
gasvla didxans ver SeZlo. bolos, rogorc iqna, gavida kabinetSi da maSinve muSaobas Seudga.
kiTxulobda saqmeebs, muSaobda, magram imis Segneba, rom gadadebuli aqvs sanukvari saqme, ro-
melsac samuSos dasrulebis Semdeg mixedavs, ar asvenebda. muSaobis dasrulebis Semdeg gaax-
senda, rom es gadadebuli saqme brma nawlavze fiqri iyo. stumrebi musaifobdnen, fortepianoze
ukravdnen, mRerodnen; maTTan iyo sasamarTlos gamomZiebeli, misi qaliSvilis saqmro. pras-
kovia fedorovnas azriT, qmarma saRamo sxvebze ufro mxiarulad gaatara, Tumca TviTon ivan
iliCs erTi wuTiTac ar daviwyebia, rom Zalian mniSvnelovani safiqrali aqvs gadadebuli brma
nawlavis Sesaxeb. TerTmet saaTze yvelas gamoemSvidoba da TavisTan gavida. avadmyofobis dro-
idan mas marto eZina patara oTaxSi, kabinetis gverdiT. Sevida, gaixada da zolas10 romani aiRo,
magram kiTxviT ver waikiTxa, fiqrobda. mis warmosaxvaSi brma nawlavis sasurveli gamosworeba
isxamda xorcs. xdeboda Sewova, gamogdeba, misi swori funqcionirebis aRdgena. ho, es yvelaferi
asea, _ uTxra man sakuTar Tavs, _ oRond bunebas unda davexmaro~. wamali gaaxsenda, wamoiwia,
dalia, piraRma dawva da Tan yuri miugdo, Tu ra keTilismyofel zemoqmedebas moaxdenda wama-
li, rogor gaanadgurebda tkivils. `mTavaria Tanmimdevrulad miviRo da mavne zemoqmedebebs
moverido; ukve axla vgrZnob Tavs ukeT, gacilebiT ukeT~. daiwyo gverdis mosinjva _ xelis
SexebiT ar stkioda. `diax, aRar vgrZnob, marTlac, ukve gacilebiT ukeT var~. sanTeli Caaqro
da gverdze gadabrunda... brma nawlavi swordeba, iwoveba. uceb isev igrZno nacnobi Zveli, yru,
mtexavi tkivili, Cumi, seriozuli. pirSi ki _ isev is nacnobi sisaZagle. guli daumZimda, TvalT
daubnelda. `RmerTo Cemo, RmerTo Cemo! _ wamoiZaxa man, _ isev, isev, da aRarasodes gayuCdeba~.
da uceb sul sxva mxridan warmoudga yvelaferi. `brma nawilavi! Tirkmeli, _ uTxra sakuTar
Tavs, _ saqme brma nawlavSi da TirkmelSi ki ar aris, sicocxlesa da... sikvdilSia. ho, iyo si-
cocxle da ai, midis, midis da ar SemiZlia misi SeCereba. ra saWiroa Tavis motyueba? gana Cems
garda yvelasTvis cxadi ar aris, rom vkvdebi da saqme mxolod kvirebis, dReebis raodenobaSia
_ iqneb axla vkvdebi. iyo sinaTle, axla ki wyvdiadia. aq viyavi, axla ki _ iqiTa var! saiT _ iqiT?~
gaacia, sunTqva Seekra. mxolod sakuTari guliscema esmoda.
`me ar viqnebi, maS ra iqneba? araferi ar iqneba. aba, sad viqnebi, roca ar viqnebi? nuTu es
sikvdilia? ara, ar minda~. wamoxta, sanTeli undoda aenTo, akankalebuli xelebiT daiwyo Zebna,
sanTliani Sandali iatakze dauvarda da isev ukan gadaesvena baliSze. `ratom? sulerTia, _
eubneboda Tavis Tavs da Ria TvalebiT sibneles miStereboda. _ sikvdilia, diax, sikvdili. da
arc erTma maTganma ar icis, arc undaT icodnen, da arc vecodebi aravis. (mas karsiqidan ri-
turnelis11 Soreuli xmebi esmoda). maTTvis sulerTia, magram isinic mokvdebian. tutucebi. me
ufro adre, isini Cems Semdeg; maTac igive daemarTebaT. isini ki xaroben. pirutyvebi!~ brazi
axrCobda. autaneli, mtanjveli simZime Semoawva._ `xom ar SeiZleba yvela yovelTvis am saza-
reli SiSisTvis iyos ganwiruli~. igi wamodga.
`raRac ar aris ase; unda davmSvidde, yvelaferi Tavidan avwon-davwono~. da fiqri daiwyo.
`ho, avadmyofobis dasawyisi. gverdi mivartyi. magram mainc iseTive viyavi, rogorc dRes var,
an xval viqnebi; cotaTi mtexda, mere ufro metad, mere eqimebi, mere daRliloba, naRveli,
isev eqimebi. me ki sul ufro vuaxlovdebodi ufskruls. Zal-Rone meleoda. ufro axlos, sul
axlos. da ai, Camovxmi, Tvalebidan naTeli gamiqra da sikvdili dgeba, me nawlavze vfiqrob, es
ki sikvdilia. nuTu sikvdili?~ isev aitana Zrwolam, suli SeexuTa, daixara, asanTs dauwyo
Zebna, idayviT tumbos daawva. tkivilma umata. gabrazebuli da gajavrebuli ufro Zlierad
daeyrdno mas da gadaabruna. sasowarkveTili da sunTqvaSekruli zurgze gadavarda da sik-
stumari
vdilis Sesaxvedrad moemzada.

amasobaSi stumrebis wasvlis dro damdgariyo da maT praskovia fedorovna acilebda. da-
vardnis xma gaigona da oTaxSi Semovida:
IV Tavi
_ ra moxda?
10
emil zola (1840_1902) _ frangi mwerali.
11
(frang.) ritournelle _ mokle instrumentuli pasaJi, romelic pauzebSi meordeba simReris (ariis)
204 Sesrulebis dros.
_ araferi. SemTxveviT damivarda.
coli gavida. sanTeli Semoitana. is iwva da mZimed da gamalebiT sunTqavda, TiTqos mTeli
versi12 gaerbinos, gayinuli Tvalebi ki colisTvis mieSterebina.
_ ra mogivida, ivan?
_ ar-af-er-i. da-mi-var-da. _ `ra unda vuTxra, mainc ver gaigebso~, _ gaifiqra.
colma marTlac veraferi gaigo. davardnili sanTeli aiRo, aunTo da swrafad gavida
oTaxidan. stumari unda gaecilebina.
roca dabrunda, is isev gulaRma iwva da maRla iyureboda.
_ rao, ufro cudad xar?
_ ho.
_ qalma Tavi gaaqnia. Camojda.
_ ici, ivan, sul vfiqrob, iqneb saxlSi mogvewvia leSCeticki?
gamoCenili eqimis moyvanis survili imas niSnavda, rom fuli ar enaneboda. ivan iliCma ges
lianad gaiRima da àrao~, _ uTxra. coli cota xans kidev ijda, mere mivida da Sublze akoca.
ivan iliCs sulis siRrmemde sZagda coli, roca igi kocnida Tavs Zlivs ikavebda, rom
xeli ar ekra misTvis.
_ mSvidobiT, RvTis nebiT, iqneb daiZino.
_ ho.
***
ivan iliCi xedavda, rom kvdeboda da dRedaRam sasowarkveTili iyo.
sulis siRrmeSi ivan iliCma icoda, rom kvdeboda, magram ara Tu ver mieCvia amas, ubralod
ar esmoda, ar SeeZlo amis gageba.
silogizmis13 is magaliTi, romelsac mas kizeveteris14 logika sTavazobda: `kaiusi _ adami
ania, adamianebi mokvdavebi arian, amitom kaiusi mokvdavia~, mTeli Tavisi cxovrebis manZilze
samarTlianad eCveneboda mxolod kaiusis mimarT da araviTar SemTxvevaSi _ sakuTari Tavis
mimarT. es iyo kaiusi _ adamiani, adamiani zogadad, rac sruliad samarTliani gaxldaT; magram
TviTon arc kaiusi iyo da arc zogadad adamiani, is yovelTvis iyo yvelasagan sruliad gamor
Ceuli arseba; is iyo vania dedasTan da mamasTan, mitiasTan da valodiasTan, saTamaSoebTan,
meetlesTan, ZiZasTan, mere _ katenkasTan, bavSvobis, yrmobisa da siWabukis sixarulebiT, mwu
xarebebiT, aRtacebebiT. gana kaiusisaTvis arsebobda zoliani tyavis burTis is suni, vanias ase
rom uyvarda! gana kaiusi ase kocnida dedas xelze da gana kaiusisaTvis ase Srialebda dedis
abreSumis kaba? gana mas SeeZlo gamoexata Tavisi protesti Rvezelis gamo samarTalmcod
neobis saswavlebelSi? gana kaiusi ase iyo Seyvarebuli? gana kaiuss SeeZlo sxdomis masaviT
Catareba?
da amitomac kaiusi marTlac mokvdavia da misi sikvdili gamarTlebulia, magram Cemi _
vaniasi, ivan iliCisa, mTeli Cemi grZnobebiT, azrebiT, _ Cemi sikvdili _ es sul sxva saqmea.
da ar SeiZleba rom is saWiro iyos. es metismetad sazareli ram iqneba.
ai aseTi iyo misi gancdebi.
`mec rom iseve unda vkvdebode, rogorc kaiusi, maSin mecodineboda amis Sesaxeb, Sinagani xmac
metyoda amas, Tumca msgavsi araferi momxdara; mec da yvela Cems megobars _ yvelas gvesmoda, rom
es sulac ar aris ise, rogorc kaiusis SemTxvevaSi. axla ki ra xdeba! _ eubneboda sakuTar Tavs, _
ar SeiZleba ase iyos, ar SeiZleba, magram asea. ratom? rogor unda gavigo es yvelaferi?~
IV Tavi stumari
da mas ar SeeZlo amis gageba da cdilobda Tavidan moeSorebina es azri, rogorc mcdari,
araswori, mtkivneuli da ganedevna igi sxva swori, jansaRi fiqrebiT. magram es fiqrebi da
ara marto fiqrebi, aramed TiTqos sinamdvilec, isev masTan iyo, mis Tvalwin.
12
(rus.) верста _ sigrZis Zveleburi rusuli erTeuli, udris 1,06 km-s.
13
silogizmi _ msjeloba, romlis drosac ori mocemuli msjelobidan gamomdinareobs mesame (danaskvi).
14
iohan goTfrid kizeveteri (1766-1819) _ germaneli filosofosi. 205
da isic ivan iliCi am azrebis sanacvlod rig-rigobiT uxmobda sxva azrebs, im imediT, rom
maTSi ipovida dasayrdens. cdilobda dabruneboda im fiqrTa Zvel mdinarebas, romlebic adre
aviwyebdnen, da ar aZlevdnen sikvdilze fiqris saSualebas. magram, _ ucnauria, _ yvelaferi,
rac adre Cqmalavda, da anadgurebda sikvdilis gancdas, axla ukve veRar axdenda iseTsave
zegavlenas. ukanasknel xans ivan iliCi umetesad sikvdilis ganmdevneli adrindeli grZnobebis
gacocxlebas cdilobda. xan ki sakuTar Tavs eubneboda: `samsaxuriT davkavdebi, adre xom vcxov-
robdi samsaxuriTo~, da midioda sasamarTloSi, Tan yovelgvari eWvis Tavidan moSorebas cdi-
lobda; amxanagebTan maslaaTobda, da Zveli Cveulebis Tanaxmad dabneuli jdeboda, Cafiqre-
bul mzeras moavlebda brbos, iseve, rogorc Cveulebriv akeTebda amas, ixreboda amxanagis-
ken, awvdida saqmes, eCurCuleboda, Semdeg ki uceb zeviT aRapyrobda Tvalebs, savarZelSi swor-
deboda, saTanado sityvebs warmoTqvamda da saqmis garCevas iwyebda. magram uceb, Sua msvle-
lobisas, sruliad gauTvaliswinebeli tkivili ferdSi, isev iwyebda Tavis mburRav saqmi-
anobas da ivan iliCis yuradRebis mipyrobas cdilobda. ivan iliCi Tavidan iSorebda masze
fiqrs, magram tkivili Tavisas ar iSlida, modioda, warmoudgeboda pirispir da saxeSi aCer-
deboda. ivan iliCi SeSdeboda, TvalebSi cecxli uqreboda da isev ekiTxeboda Tavis Tavs: `nuTu
mxolod esaa simarTle?~ da amxanagebica da xelqveiTnic, gakvirvebulebi da Sewuxebulebi,
xedavdnen, rom is, aseTi brwyinvale, mcodne da gamocdili mosamarTle, ibneoda, Secdomebs
uSvebda, cdilobda Zalebis mokrebas, iZabeboda da ris vai-vaglaxiT mihyavda bolomde sxdoma,
mere ki saxlSi im mtkivneuli gancdiT brundeboda, rom mis samarTlebriv saqmianobas aRar
SeuZlia uwindeburad gadafaros da daCrdilos is, risi danaxvac mas ar surs. tkivili ar
cnobda samarTlebriv saqmianobas. da rac yvelaze uaresi iyo _ is imitom ki ar izidavda Tavis-
ken, rom raime ekeTebina, aramed imisaTvis, rom mxolod is daenaxa, pirdapir TvalebSi ecqira
misTvis da usaqmod darCenili, gamouTqmelad datanjuliyo.
da am mdgomareobidan Tavis dasaRwevad ivan iliCi nugeSisa da sxvadasxvagvari TavSesafris
Zebnas iwyebda. amgvar mcdelobas, erTxans TiTqos Svebac mohqonda, Tumca es didxans ar grZel-
deboda. TiTqos arafers ar SeeZlo win aRdgomoda am mtanjvel gancdas, igi yvelgan da yvela-
ferSi aRwevda.
am bolo dros ivan iliCi arcTu iSviaTad Sedioda xolme Tavissave mowyobil im sastumro
oTaxSi, romelSic Camovarda, da romelsac, _ rogori gesliani sicilis momgvrelic ar unda
yofiliyo amis gafiqreba, _ man sicocxle Seswira. misi avadmyofoba xom am Camovardnis Semdeg
daiwyo.
roca ivan iliCi laqwasmul magidaze raRaciT miyenebul naWdevs SeamCnevda, eZebda mizezs
da mas albomis, brinjaos gadaRunul mosarTavSi poulobda. guls stkenda qaliSvilisa da
misi megobrebis daudevroba _ siyvaruliT Sedgenili Zvirfasi albomi zogan daxeuli iyo,
zogan _ suraTebi areul-dareuli da ivan iliCic asworebda gadaRunul mosarTavs, yvelaferi
wesrigSi mohyavda.
mere uceb moafiqrdeboda mTeli am albomebiani etablissement15-is sxva kuTxeSi, yvavilebis
gverdiT gadatana. eZaxda laqias: qaliSvili an coli dasaxmareblad modiodnen; ar eTanxme-
bodnen, ewinaaRmdegebodnen, ivan iliCi ekamaTeboda, brazobda, magram yvelaferi mainc kargad
iyo, radgan aRar axsovda igi, is arsad Canda.
magram roca mTeli es mowyobiloba erTi adgilidan meoreze gadahqonda da colma uTxra:
`daanebe Tavi, msaxurebi gaakeTeben, isev ar itkino rameo~, igi isev gamoCnda safars miRma,
stumari
ivan iliCma dainaxa is, Tvali mohkra, rogor gaielva sadRac da imedi mieca, rom isev miefare-
boda Tvals, magram uneblieT miayurada ferds _ sadac isev ejda raRac, isev ise RrRnida da
aRar SeeZlo misi daviwyeba. isic ase cxadad mosCereboda yvavilebs iqidan. maS raRa saWiroa es
IV Tavi
yvelaferi?
`marTlac, aq, am fardam sicocxle damakargvina, TiTqos ieriSze gadavdiodi. nuTu? ra
saSinelebaa da ra sisulele! ar SeiZleba ase iyos! ar SeiZleba, magram asea!
206 15
etablissement _ mowyobiloba, nageboba (frang.)
igi Sedioda kabinetSi, wveboda da isev mxolod igi iyo masTan. pirispir rCebodnen martoni
da veRarafers xdeboda. sxva aRaraferi darCenoda, JrJolaatanils unda ecqira misTvis.
***
Tu rogor moxda es ivan iliCis avadmyofobidan mesame Tves, Zneli saTqmeli iyo, vinaidan
yvelaferi nabij-nabij, SeumCnevlad xdeboda _ colmac, qaliSvilmac, vaJiSvilmac, msaxureb-
mac, nacnobebmac, eqimebmac da, rac mTavaria, TviTonac, _ icodnen, rom ivan iliCi mxolod
imitom aris saintereso sxvebisaTvis, rom elodebian, bolos da bolos, rodis gaaTavisuflebs
adgils, rodis gaaTavisuflebs cocxlebs Tavisi Semawuxebeli arsebobisagan, da TviTonac
rodis gaTavisufldeba am satanjvelisagan.
sul ufro cota eZina, jer opiums aZlevdnen, mere morfis SeSxapunebac dauwyes. magram
arc amas mohqonda Sveba. yru kaeSani, naxevrad mZinares rom eufleboda, rogorc erTgvari
siaxle, Tavidan TiTqos umsubuqebda mdgomareobas, mere ki iseTive, da kidev ufro mtanjveli
gaxda, vidre gauyuCebeli tkivili.
mas eqimebis daniSnulebis mixedviT gansakuTrebul kerZebs umzadebdnen. magram kerZebic
TandaTan sul ufro ugemuri da sazizRari xdeboda.
mosasaqmeblad gansakuTrebuli mowyobiloba gaukeTes da yovel jerze es autanel tan-
jvas hgvrida. tanjvas _ usufTaobis, arasakadrisobisa da sunis gamo; imis gamo, rom amaSi sxva-
sac unda mieRo monawileoba.
Tumca swored am yvelaze usiamovno saqmeSi moevlina nugeSi ivan iliCs. WurWlis gasatanad
yovelTvis msaxuri gerasimi Semodioda.
gerasimi sufTa, xalisiani, qalaquri saWmel-sasmeliT gaTqvirebuli axalgazrda glexi
gaxldaT. mudam mxiaruli, gulRia. Tavidan ivan iliCs aRizianebda. yovelTvis sufTad, rusu-
lad Cacmuli glexkacis ieri, romelic aseT sazizRar saqmes akeTebda.
erTxel, mosasaqmebeli WurWlidan adgomisas, Zala ar eyo qvedasacvlis asawevad, rbil
savarZelSi gadaesvena da SeZrwunebuli miaCerda Tavis SiSvel, uRono barZayebs, romlebic
cariel kunTebad qceuliyvnen.
msubuqi, Zlieri nabijebiT Semovida sqelCeqmebiani gerasimi da Tan saCeqme kuprisa da
zamTris haeris susxi Semoitana. xamwinsafriani da sufTa CiTisperanga gerasimi, SiSvel, Zlier,
axalgazrdul mklavebze akapiwebuli saxeloebiT WurWelTan mivida da Tan cdilobda ar See-
xeda ivan iliCisaTvis, albaT erideboda Tavisi sicocxliT savse, gabrwyinebuli saxiT avad-
myofis gaRizianebas.
_ gerasim, _ susti xmiT dauZaxa ivan iliCma.
gerasimi SekrTa, etyoba SeeSinda, xom ar SemeSala rameo da Tavisi sufTa, keTili, ubralo,
axladSeRerebuli axalgazrda saxiT, swrafi moZraobiT Semotrialda avadmyofisken.
_ ras inebebT?
_ vfiqrob, ar unda gsiamovnebdes amis gakeTeba. mapatie, me TviTon ar SemiZlia.
_ ras brZanebT, _ gerasimma Tvalebi SeanaTa da Tavisi TeTri kbilebi gamoaCina, _ ratom ar
unda gavakeTo, Tuki avada xarT.
man Tavisi marjve, Zlieri xelebiT gaakeTa gasakeTebeli da msubuqi nabijebiT gavida oTa-
xidan. xuTi wuTis Semdeg ki isev msubuqad Semobrunda ukan.
ivan iliCi isev savarZelSi ijda.
stumari
_ gerasim, _ uTxra, roca man sufTa, gamorecxili WurWeli adgilze dadga, _ momexmare,
geTayva, modi aq. _ gerasimi miuaxlovda. _ amayene, me miWirs martos, dimitri ki gavuSvi.
gerasimi mivida; moxvia Zlieri xelebi _ iseve msubuqad, rogorc dadioda, _ marjved,
rbilad wamoayena, erTi xeliT daiWira, meoreTi ki qveda sacvali auwia da isev unda daesva,
IV Tavi
magram ivan iliCma sTxova divanze gadaeyvana. gerasimma Zaldautaneblad da TiTqos saerTod
Zalis gamouyenebladac ki waiyvana, TiTqmis waiRo divanisken da dasva.
_ gmadlob, rogor marjved, kargad... akeTeb yvelafers...
gerasimma isev gaiRima da wasvla daapira. magram ivan iliCi ise kargad grZnobda Tavs masTan, 207
rom gaSveba aRar undoda.
_ ai, ra: Tu SeiZleba, momiwie is skami; ara, eg ara, meore; fexebqveS Semidgi, ukeTesad var,
roca fexebi maRla maqvs.
gerasimma skami moitana, erTbaSad uxmaurod dauSva iatakze da ivan iliCis fexebi zed
daawyo; roca gerasimma misi fexebi maRla aswia TiTqos Sveba igrZno.
_ ukeTesad var, roca fexebi maRla maqvs, _ Tqva ivan iliCma. _ ai, is baliSi damide fexebqveS.
gerasimma esec gaakeTa. isev auwia fexebi da baliSi daudo. sanam gerasims fexebi eWira ivan
iliCma isev ukeT igrZno Tavi, roca Camouwia, TiTqos uaresad gaxda.
_ gerasim, _ mimarTa ivan iliCma, _ axla dakavebuli xar?
_ ara, batono, _ miugo gerasimma, romelsac qalaqelebisagan eswavla batonebTan laparaki.
_ kidev ra gaqvs gasakeTebeli?
_ ra unda mqondes gasakeTebeli? yvelafers movrCi, SeSaRa damrCa xvalisTvis dasaCexi.
_ maSin fexebi damiWire, maRla, SegiZlia?
_ ratomac ara, SeiZleba, _ gerasimma fexebi maRla auwia da ivan iliCs moeCvena, rom am
mdgomareobaSi saerTod aRar grZnobda tkivils.
_ SeSas raRas uzam?
_ nu wuxxarT, yvelafers movaswrebT.
ivan iliCma sTxova gerasims damjdariyo da ise sWeroda misi fexebi, Tan saubari gauba.
ucnauria, magram eCveneboda, rom roca gerasims misi fexebi eWira, kargad iyo.
amis Semdeg ivan iliCi xandaxan eZaxda xolme gerasims, fexebis dawyobas sTxovda mxrebze
da esaubreboda. gerasimi amas advilad, xalisiT, ubralod da keTilad asrulebda, rac guls
uCuyebda ivan iliCs. yvela sxva adamianis sijansaRe, Zliereba, sicocxlis xalisi Seuracxyofda
ivan iliCs, gerasimis Zala da sicocxliT sixaruli ki guls ki ar stkenda, amSvidebda.
ivan iliCis mTavari satanjveli mainc sicrue iyo _ ratomRac yvelasgan aRiarebuli is
sicrue, rom is ki ar kvdeba, mxolod avadaa, amitom mSvidad unda iyos da imkurnalos, maSin
yvelaferi Zalian kargad iqneba. TviTon ki grZnobda, rom rac unda gaekeTebinaT, araferi
gamouvidoda, kidev ufro saSineli wamebisa da sikvdilis garda. da tanjavda es sicrue, tan-
javda is, rom ar surdaT misi saSineli mdgomareobis aRiareba, rac mTavaria TviTon masac
aiZulebdnen am sicrueSi mieRo monawileoba. sikvdilis win mis mimarT gamovlenili es sicrue
_ sicrue, romelsac misi sikvdilis es saSineli da imavdroulad sazeimo aqti vizitebis, far-
debis, sadilze mirTmeuli TarTis donemde unda daemcro... ivan iliCs autanel tanjvas hgvrida.
ucnauri is iyo, rom, rodesac isini am oinebs iyenebdnen erTi suli hqonda eyvira maTTvis:
morCiT motyuebas, Tqvenc iciT da mec rom vkvdebi, maS nuRar ityuebiT mainc! Tumca arasodes
hyofnida gambedaoba amis gasakeTeblad. xedavda, rom misi aRsasrulis saSineli, sazareli
aqti garSemomyofTagan SemTxveviTi usiamovnebis donemde iyo damcrobili, erTgvar uweso-
bamdec ki (TiTqos is adamiani iyo, sastumro oTaxSi Sesuli Tavis irgvliv cud suns rom ayenebs),
da swored imgvari `wesierebiT~ iSorebdnen Tavidan, romelsac is mTeli cxovreba emsaxure-
boda. igi xedavda, rom aravin Seicodebda, radgan aravis surda misi mdgomareobis gageba. mxo-
lod gerasims esmoda misi da ecodeboda kidec. amitomac mxolod gerasimTan grZnobda Tavs
kargad. kargad iyo, roca gerasims, zogjer mTeli Rameebic ki, gaTenebamde, misi fexebi eWira,
ar undoda dasaZineblad wasvla da eubneboda: `nu wuxxarT, ivan iliC, movaswreb gamoZinebaso~,
anda roca uecrad SenobiT dauwyebda laparaks: àvada xar da ratom ar unda mogexmaroo?~
erTi gerasimi ar cruobda, yvelaferze etyoboda, rom mxolod mas esmoda, raSic iyo saqme,
saWirod ar Tvlida amis damalvas da ubralod ecodeboda davrdomili, dasustebuli batoni.
stumari
erTxel, pirdapirac ki uTxra ivan iliCs, roca is dasasveneblad wasvlas sTxovda:

_ yvelani movkvdebiT, maS ratom ar unda gavisarjo? _ uTxra da amiT agrZnobina, rom
amgvari Sroma imitom ar umZims, rom amas momakvdavisTvis akeTebs da imedi aqvs, rom roca misi
IV Tavi
dro mova, vinme misTvisac gairjeba.

am sicruis garda, anda swored mis Sedegadac, ivan iliCisaTvis yvelaze didi satanjveli
is iyo, rom aravis ebraleboda ise, rogorc undoda rom SebralebodaT: iyo wuTebi, roca ivan
iliCs, xangrZlivi wamebis Semdeg, yvelaze metad is undoda, _ rogori saTakiloc ar unda
208
yofiliyo misTvis amis aRiareba, _ rom sneuli bavSviviT Seebralebina vinmes. undoda mohfe-
rebodnen, daekocnaT, etiraT misi gulisTvis ise, rogorc bavSvebs eferebian da anugeSeben.
icoda, rom mniSvnelovani Tanamdebobis piria, rom wverSi WaRara aqvs Sereuli da amitom es
SeuZlebelia, magram mainc undoda. gerasimTan urTierTobaSi ki iyo raRac amis msgavsi da
amitomac masTan urTierToba nugeSs aZlevda ivan iliCs. ivan iliCs etireba, unda rom miua-
lerson da itiron masTan erTad, magram ai, modis amxanagi, Sebeki, da imis nacvlad, rom itiron
da ialerson, ivan iliCi seriozul, mkacr, Rrmaazrovan saxes iRebs da inerciiT gamoTqvams
Tavis mosazrebas sakasacio gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb da dabejiTebiT icavs mas. es sicrue Tavis
garSemo da TviTon masSi yvelaze metad uSxamavda ivan iliCs sicocxlis ukanasknel dReebs.
***
dilaa. mxolod imitomaa dila, rom gerasimi wavida da movida laqia piotri; sanTlebi
Caaqro, erTi farda gadaswia da nel-nela dalagebas Seudga. dila iyo, saRamo, paraskevi Tu
kvira _ yvelaferi sulerTi gaxldaT, araferi icvleboda: isev is mtexavi, mRrRneli tkivili,
arc erTi wamiT rom ar yuCdeba, dasasrulisaken uimedod mimavali, magram jer kidev ar dasru-
lebuli sicocxlis gancda da kars momdgari isev is saZulveli, sazareli sikvdili, erTaderTi
sinamdvile da isev is tyuili. sadRa iyo dReebi, kvirebi, Tundac saaTebi dRisa?
_ Cais xom ar inebebT?
`wesrigi esaWiroeba, unda rom batonebi diliT Cais svamdnen, rogorc wesi da rigia~, _
gaifiqra ivan iliCma, TqmiT ki mxolod es uTxra:
_ ara.
_ divanze xom ar inebebdiT gadasvlas?
òTaxis dalageba unda, me ki xels vuSli, me _ usufTaoba da uwesrigoba~, _ gaifiqra man.
_ ara, Tavi damanebe.
laqia erTxans ganagrZobda fusfuss. ivan iliCma xeli gaiwvdina. piotri miuaxlovda.
_ ras mibrZanebT?
_ saaTi.
piotrma aiRo iqve dadebuli saaTi da miawoda.
_ cxris naxevaria. iqiT ar amdgaran?
_ ara, batono. vasil ivanoviCi (es vaJiSvili gaxldaT) gimnaziaSi wavida. praskovia fedo-
rovnam ki mibrZana gameRviZebina, Tuki ikiTxavdiT. mibrZanebT?
_ ara, ar ginda. _ Cai xom ar damelia? _ gaifiqra man. _ ho, Cai... momitane.
piotri gasasvlelisken wavida. ivan iliCs marto darCenisa SeeSinda. rogor SevaCero? ho,
wamali, _ piotr, wamali momawode. _ ratomac ara. iqneb wamalmac miSvelos~. kovzi aiRo. dalia.
àra, ar miSvelis. es yvelaferi sisulelea da Tavis motyueba, _ gadawyvita man, rogorc ki
nacnobi gulisamrevi gemo SeigrZno, _ ara, ukve veRar virwmuneb. magram tkivili, tkivili
ratomaa? erTi wuTiT mainc gayuCebuliyo~. da akvnesda. piotri Semobrunda. _ ara, wadi, Cai
momitane.
piotri wavida. marto darCenili ivan iliCi imdenad tkivilisagan ki ar kvnesoda, rogori
saSinelic unda yofiliyo es tkivili, ramdenadac gausaZlisi naRvelisagan. isev da isev, sul
erTi da igive, mTeli es usasrulo dReebi da Rameebi. Cqara mainc iqnebodes. Cqara iqnebodes,
ra? sikvdili. ukuni. ara. ara. sikvdils yvelaferi sjobia~.
roca piotri Semovida langarze dadgmuli CaiT, ivan iliCi didxans Sescqeroda mas dab-
stumari
neuli saxiT _ veRar gaego, vin iyo da ra undoda. misma gamoxedvam SeaSfoTa piotri. da piotris
SeSfoTebam gamoarkvia ivan iliCi.
_ ho, _ Tqva man, _ Cai... kargi, dadgi. oRond piri damabanine da sufTa perangebic momeci.
IV Tavi
ivan iliCi piris dabanas Seudga. sveneb-svenebiT daibana xelebi, saxe, gaixexa kbilebi,
davarcxna daiwyo da sarkeSi Caixeda. SiSma aitana. gansakuTrebiT SemaZrwuneblad fermkrTal
Sublze mitmasnili Tmebi moeCvena.
roca perangs ucvlidnen, icoda, rom kidev ufro SeZrwundeboda, Tuki Tavis sxeulze
209
daixedavda da amitomac tanze arc dauxedavs. rogorc iqna, yvelaferi dasrulda. xalaTi Ca-
icva, pledi Semoixvia da savarZelSi Caesvena Cais dasalevad. erTi wuTiT TiTqos gamococxlda
kidec, magram daiwyo Tu ara Cais daleva, isev is gemo igrZno, isev is tkivili. ZalisZalad
dalia Cai bolomde, fexebgaWimuli dawva da piotri daiTxova.
yvelaferi isev isea. xan imedis naperwkali gamokrTeba, xan ki sasowarkveTis zRva abob-
qrdeba da isev tkivili, sul tkivili, isev kaeSani da isev erTi da igive. marto darCenils
mtanjveli naRveli ipyrobs, unda dauZaxos vinmes, magram icis, rom sxvebis TandaswrebiT uare-
sad iqneba. ` morfi mainc gaekeTebinaT, _ gavTiSuliyavi. vetyvi eqims, iqneb kidev moifiqros
rame, Torem ase SeuZlebelia. aRar SemiZlia~.
ase gadis erTi saaTi, ori. magram ai, zaris xmaa winkarSi. iqneb eqimia. marTlac, eqimia.
sicocxliT savse, sufTad Cacmuli, msuqani, mxiaruli, iseTive gamometyvelebiT _ ai, Tqven
raRacam SegaSinaT, Cven ki yvelafers mogigvarebTo. eqimma icis, rom aseTi gamometyveleba aq
ar ivargebs, magram ukve erTxel da samudamod Camoicva da veRar ixsnis, im kacs hgavs, dilidanve
fraki rom Caucvams da vizitebze miemgzavreba.
eqimi xalisianad, manugeSeblad isresda xelebs.
_ gaviToSe. magrad yinavs. cotaTi gavTbebi, _ iseTi saxiT ambobs, TiTqos mxolod cotaTi
mocdaa saWiro, sanam gaTbeba, mere ki, roca gaTbeba, yvelafers gamoasworebs.
_ aba, rogora xarT?
ivan iliCi grZnobs, rom eqims unda hkiTxos, `rogor midis saqmeebio~, magram TviTonac
xvdeba, rom amis Tqma ar SeiZleba da amitom ambobs `Rame rogor gaatareTo?~
ivan iliCi ise uyurebs eqims, TiTqos unda hkiTxos: `nuTu arasodes Segrcxveba Seni tyui-
lebiso?~
magram eqims ar surs am kiTxvis gageba.
da ivan iliCi ambobs:
_ yvelaferi isev ise saSinladaa. tkivili ar cxreba, ar neldeba. nuTu ar aris saSveli?
_ ho, Tqven, avadmyofebma, sul ase iciT. ai, axla ki, mgoni, gavTbi, TviT uwesieres praskovia
fedorovnac ki verafers ityvis Cemi temperaturis winaaRmdeg. aba, gamarjobaT, _ da eqimi
xels arTmevs ivan iliCs.
Semdeg ki uars ambobs saxumaro kiloze da seriozuli saxiT iwyebs avadmyofis gasinjvas,
umowmebs pulss, temperaturas, ukakunebs, usmens.
ivan iliCs mtkiced swams, rom yvelaferi sisulele da mtknari sicruea, magram roca eqimi
muxlebze dgeba, zemodan efareba da yurs xan ufro zemoT adebs da xan ufro qvemoT, Tan Zalze
seriozuli gamometyveleba aqvs miRebuli, ivan iliCi misi gavlenis qveS eqceva, iseve rogorc
Tavad eqceoda advokatebis sityvebis zegavlenis qveS, Tumca vin vin, da man Zalian kargad
icoda, rom isini mudam cruobdnen da isic kargad moexseneboda, ratomac cruobdnen.
divanze daCoqili eqimi jer isev agrZelebda gasinjvas, roca karebSi praskovia fedo-
rovnas abreSumis kaba aSrialda da gaisma misi sayveduri piotris mimarT, Tu ratom ar moaxsenes
mas eqimis mosvla.
is Semodis, kocnis qmars, da maSinve imis mtkicebas iwyebs, rom ukve karga xania fexzea da
mxolod gaugebrobis gamo ar iyo aq.
ivan iliCi uyurebs mas, Tavidan fexebamde aTvalierebs, da TiTqos brals sdebs misi CaT-
qvirebuli xelebis, yelis siTeTris, sisufTavis, Tmis elvarebisa da sicocxliT savse Tvale-
bis brwyinvalebis gamo. sulis siRrmemde sZags is da masTan Sexebisas misdami siZulvilis
stumari
Semotevisagan itanjeba.
colis damokidebuleba misadmi da misi avadmyofobisadmi isev iseTia. rogorc eqimma ga-
moimuSava Tavisi damokidebuleba avadmyofebisadmi, romlis Secvlac ukve aRar SeuZlia, col-
IV Tavi
mac zustad aseve gamoimuSava Tavisi damokidebuleba ivani iliCis mimarT _ TiTqos is ar akeTebs
raRac iseTs, risi gakeTebac saWiroa, TiTqos TviTonaa damnaSave da siyvaruliT tuqsavs qmars
amisaTvis. da isic ukve veRar cvlis aseT damokidebulebas.
_ ai, xom xedavT, ar mijerebs! droze ar iRebs wamlebs. da, rac mTavaria, _ iseT mdgomare-
210
obaSi wevs, rogoric albaT sazianoa misTvis _ fexebiT maRla.
igi mouyva eqims, rogor aiZulebs qmari gerasims fexebis maRla awevas.
eqimma damcinavad da Tan alersianad gaiRima, aqao da `ras izam, zogjer avadmyofebi aseT
sisuleleebs igoneben, magram unda vapatioTo~.
gasinjvis Semdeg eqimma saaTs Sexeda da maSin praskovia fedorovnam ganucxada ivan iliCs,
rom rac unda, isa Tqvas, magram mas dRes mowveuli hyavs saxelganTqmuli eqimi da is mixail
daniloviCTan (ase erqva Cveulebriv eqims) erTad gasinjavs mas da Semdeg oriveni moiTaTbireben.
_ nu SemewinaaRmdegebi geTayva. amas CemTvis vakeTeb, _ Tqva man ironiulad, da amiT ag-
rZnobina, rom igi yvelafers akeTebs misTvis da mxolod amis gamo ar aZlevs mas uaris Tqmis
uflebas. ivan iliCi dumda da iWmuxneboda. grZnobda, rom mis irgvliv dagubebuli sicrue
ise areul-dareuliyo, ukve Zneli iyo raimes garCeva.
coli yvelafers, rasac ukeTebda, mxolod TavisTvis akeTebda da eubneboda, rom TavisTvis
akeTebs imas, rasac marTla TavisTvis akeTebda, da es TiTqos iseTi daujerebeli ram iyo, rom
ivan iliCs piriqiT unda gaego.
Tormetis naxevarze marTlac movida saxelganTqmuli eqimi. isev daiwyo gasinjvebi, mos-
menebi da mniSvnelovani saubrebi misi TandaswrebiTac da sxva oTaxSic Tirkmlis, brma nawlavis
Sesaxeb da kiTxva-pasuxic gaimarTa iseTi mniSvnelovani saxiT, rom kvlav sikvdil-sicocxlis
realuri sakiTxis nacvlad, axla ase calsaxad yvelaze arsebiTi rom gamxdariyo ivan iliCis-
Tvis, isev wamoiWra Tirkmlisa da brma nawlavis sakiTxi, romlebic ver akeTebdnen raRacas
ise, rogorc saWiro iyo da ris gamoc maT axlave daesxmian Tavs mixail daniloviCi da saxel-
ganTqmuli eqimi da gamosworebas aiZuleben.
saxelganTqmuli eqimi seriozuli, magram arcTu uimedo saxiT gamoemSvidoba da gaubedav
SekiTxvaze, romliTac misken apyrobili SiSiTa da imediT savse TvalebiT mimarTa mas ivan
iliCma, _ arsebobs Tu ara gamojanmrTelebis SesaZleblobao, _ upasuxa, rom SesaZlebloba
arsebobs, Tumca dabejiTebiT amis mtkiceba ar SeiZleba. imediani mzera, romliTac ivan iliCma
gaacila eqimi, imdenad Sesabralisi iyo, rom misi Semxedvare praskovia fedorovna roca kabi-
netidan gadioda, saxelganTqmuli eqimisTvis honoraris gadasacemad, atirda kidec.
eqimis daimedebiT gamowveuli sulis simxneve didxans ar gagrZelebula. isev is oTaxi,
igive suraTebi, fardebi, Spaleri, wamlis SuSebi, da isev is _ misi mtkivani, natanji sxeuli. da
ivan iliCma kvnesa daiwyo. wamali SeuSxapunes da CaTvlima.
roca gamofxizlda, ukve mosaRamovebuliyo. moutanes sadili. ZaliT SeWama bulioni; da
yvelaferi isev ise iyo, isev axlovdeboda Rame.
nasadilevs, Svid saaTze, masTan saRamosaTvis gamowyobili praskovia fedorovna Semovida,
aweuli msuqani ZuZuebiT, saxeze pudris kvali emCneoda. man jer kidev diliT Seaxsena, ivan
iliCs rom TeatrSi midiodnen. sara bernari iyo Camosuli, maT ki ivan iliCis daJinebiT aiRes
loJa. axla ivan iliCs es daviwynoda da colis morTulobam Seuracxyo. Tumca ar gamoxata
Tavisi gaRizianeba, roca moagonda, rom TviTon daiJina loJis aReba, radgan Tvlida, rom amas
bavSvebisTvis aRmzrdelobiTi da esTetikuri mniSvneloba hqonda.
praskovia fedorovna Semovida Tavisi TaviT kmayofili, magram TiTqos damnaSavis ieriTac.
Camojda, misi janmrTeloba gamoikiTxa, rogorc Canda, mxolod imitom, rom ekiTxa, gasagebad
ki ara, radgan icoda, rom gasagebi aRaraferi iyo da imaze daiwyo laparaki, rac mas sWirdeboda:
rom arafris gulisaTvis ar wavidoda, magram loJa aRebulia da midian elenic, qaliSvilic da
petriSCevic (sasamarTlos gamomZiebeli, qaliSvilis saqmro) da rom maTi marto gaSveba ar
stumari
SeiZleba. mas ki ise esiamovneboda ivan iliCTan jdoma. oRond man eqimis daniSnuleba unda
Seasrulos, roca is TeatrSi iqneba.
_ ho, fedor petroviCsac (qaliSvilis saqmro) undoda Semosvla. SeiZleba? da lizasac.
IV Tavi
_ Semovidnen.
Semovida gamopranWuli qaliSvili, gaSiSvlebuli axalgazrda sxeuliT, sxeuliT, rome-
lic mas ase awamebda, lizas ki yvelas dasanaxad gamoefina _ Zliers, janmrTelsa da, rogorc
etyoboda, avadmyofobaze, tanjva-wamebasa da sikvdilze gamwyrals, mis bednierebas xels rom
211
uSlidnen.
Semovida fedor petrovi-
Cic, frakSi, davarcxnili, TeT-
ri sayeloTi dafaruli grZeli,
daZarRvuli kisriT, uSvelebe-
li TeTri mkerdiTa da viwro Sa-
vi SarvliT Semotmasnili Zli-
eri barZayebiT, erT xelze ga-
datkecili TeTri xelTaTmani-
Ta da klakiT16.
mis ukan SeumCnevlad Semo-
iZurwa gimnazielis axal mun-
dirSi gamowyobili biWi, xel-
TaTmanebiTa da saSinlad Ca-
lurjebuli upeebiT, amis mize-
zi ivan iliCma kargad icoda.
vaJiSvili mas yovelTvis
sibralulis grZnobas uRviZeb-
da da eSinoda misi damfrTxali
da TanamgrZnobi gamoxedvisa.
gerasimis garda, rogorc ivan iliCs eCveneboda, mxolod vasias esmoda misi da ecodeboda.
yvelani Camosxdnen. isev gamokiTxes misi janmrTeloba. mere gaCumdnen. lizam hkiTxa dedas
binoklis Sesaxeb da deda da qaliSvili walaparakdnen imaze, Tu sad da vis SeiZleboda is daedo.
cudad gamovida.
fedor petroviCma hkiTxa ivan iliCs, sara bernari Tu ginaxavTo. Tavidan ivan iliCi ver
mixvda, ras ekiTxebodnen, mere ki uTxra:
_ ara, Tqven ra, ukve gyavT nanaxi?
_ diax, Àdrienne Lecouvreur~-Si.
praskovia fedorovnam Tqva, sara bernari gansakuTrebiT kargia amasa da amaSio. qaliSvili
Seepasuxa. daiwyes erTferovani saubari misi TamaSis daxvewilobasa da realurobaze.
Sua saubrisas fedor petroviCma Sexeda ivan iliCs da gaCumda. sxvebmac Sexedes da isinic
gaCumdnen. ivan iliCi anTebuli TvalebiT iyureboda pirdapir da, etyoboda, aRSfoTebuli
iyo. raime unda eRonaT, Tumca amis gamosworeba SeuZlebeli iyo. rogorme unda daerRviaT es
siCume. veravin bedavda amis gakeTebas, yvelas imis eSinoda, rom uceb ar darRveuliyo es si-
yalbe da sinamdvile ar gacxadebuliyo. lizam pirvelma gabeda, man daarRvia siCume. undoda
daemala is, razec yvela fiqrobda, magram uneblied wamoscda.
_ ukve mivdivarT, ukve droa, _ Tqva man, roca mamis naCuqar saaTze daixeda da odnav Sesam-
Cnevad, mxolod maTTvis cnobili raRac miniSnebiT gauRima axalgazrda kacs da kabis SrialiT
wamodga.
yvelani adgnen, gamoemSvidobnen da wavidnen.
roca isini gavidnen, ivan iliCs moeCvena, rom ukeTesadaa: sicrue aRar iyo _ is maTTan
stumari
erTad gavida, Tumca tkivili darCa. isev is tkivili da isev is SiSi akeTebdnen imas, rom araferi
iyo arc uaresad da arc ukeTesad. yvelaferi cudad iyo.
isev mihyvnen erTmaneTs wuTebi da saaTebi. isev ise iyo yvelaferi da TandaTan ufro saSi-
IV Tavi
neli xdeboda gardauvali aRsasrulis SegrZneba.

_ ho, gerasimi gamomigzavneT, _ upasuxa man piotris SekiTxvas.
212 16
(frang.) claque _ dasakeci, zambarebiani qvabura qudi.
***
coli gvian RamiT dabrunda. fexakrefiT Semovida, magram ivan iliCma gaigona; Tvalebi
gaaxila da saCqarod isev daxuWa, qals undoda gaeSva gerasimi da TviTon mjdariyo masTan.
kacma Tvalebi gaaxila da Tqva:
_ ara. wadi.
_ Zalian itanjebi?
_ sulerTia.
_ opiumi miiRe.
is daeTanxma da dalia. qali wavida.
TiTqmis sam saaTamde mtanjvel buranSi imyofeboda. eCveneboda, rom mas Tavis tkivilianad
sadRac Sav, Rrma tomaraSi tenian da sul ufro Rrmad CurTaven, magram Catenas ver axerxeben
da es misTvis sazareli saqme saSineli tanjva-wamebiT xorcieldeba. da ai, uceb mowyda, Cavarda
da gamofxizlda. isev is gerasimi zis mis ferxTiT sawolze, mSvidad, moTminebiT Tvlems.
TviTon ki wevs mis mxrebze Sewyobili windebiani gamxmari fexebiT, isev is sanTelia abaJuriT
da isev is gauyuCebeli tkivili.
_ wadi, gerasim, _ daiCurCula man.
_ araferia, vijdebi, batono.
_ ara, wadi.
fexebi Camoawyo, xels daawva da gverdze gadabrunda. sakuTari Tavi Seecoda. moicada
mxolod, rom gerasimi mezobel oTaxSi gasuliyo da aRar ucdia Tavis Sekaveba _ bavSviviT
atirda. tiroda Tavis umweobas, Tavis Semzarav martoobas, adamianTa sisastikes, RmerTis si-
sastikes, RmerTis ararsebobas.
`ratom gaakeTe es yvelaferi? ratom momiyvane aq? risTvis, risTvis mawameb ase umowyalod?~
pasuxs arc eloda da imazec tiroda, rom pasuxi ar iyo da arc SeiZleboda yofiliyo.
tkivili isev daewyo, magram ar inZreoda, aravis eZaxda. sakuTar Tavs eubneboda: `midi, midi,
kidev, damartyi, magram risTvis? ra dagiSave, risTvis?~
mere miyuCda da marto tirili ki ara, sunTqvac Sewyvita da smenad gadaiqca: TiTqos bge-
rebad ametyvelebul xmas ki ar usmenda, aramed sulis xmas, mdinarebas masSi gaRviZebuli fiq-
rebisas.
_ ra ginda? _ iyo pirveli naTeli cneba, romelic sityvebiT SeiZleboda yofiliyo gamo-
xatuli da romelic moesma _ ra gagWirvebia? ra ginda? _ gaumeora man Tavis Tavs _ ra? _ ar
vitanjo, _ upasuxa man.
ise erTianad daiZaba, rom tkivilic ki daaviwyda.
_ icxovro? rogor icxovro? _ hkiTxa sulis xmam.
_ ho, vicxovro, rogorc adre vcxovrobdi: kargad, sasiamovnod.
_ rogorc adre cxovrobdi, kargad da sasiamovnod? _ hkiTxa xmam da manac warmosaxvaSi
Tavisi cxovrebis saukeTeso wuTebis ganCxreka daiwyo. magram, rac ar unda ucnauri iyos sasi-
amovno cxovrebis yvela is saukeTeso wuTi axla ukve aRar eCveneboda iseTad, rogoradac
adre. mxolod _ bavSvobisdroindeli pirveli mogonebebi _ iq, bavSvobaSi, iyo raRac, namdvi-
lad sasiamovno. bavSvoba rom dabrunebuliyo, cxovrebas SeaZlebinebda. Tumca is adamiani,
vinc am sasiamovnos ganicdida, ukve aRar iyo: es TiTqos sxva viRacis mogoneba gaxldaT.
rogorc ki iwyeboda is, ris Sedegsac amJamindeli ivan iliCi warmoadgenda, yvelaferi,
stumari
rac maSin sixarulad eCveneboda, axla TvaldaTval dneboda da ubadrukobad da saZaglobad

eCveneboda.
rac ufro Sordeboda bavSvobas da uaxlovdeboda awmyos, miT ufro umniSvnelo da saeWvo
IV Tavi
xdeboda yovelgvari sixaruli. yvelaferi samarTalmcodneobis saswavleblidan iwyeboda. iq

jer kidev iyo raRac WeSmaritad kargi: iyo mxiaruleba, iyo megobroba, iyo imedebi. magram
ufros klasebSi aseTi kargi wuTebi ukve iSviaTi gaxda. mere, gubernatorTan pirveli samsaxu-
risas, isev gaCnda sasiamovno wuTebi: es iyo mogonebebi qalis siyvarulze. Semdeg ki yvelaferi
air-dairia da kargi ufro iSviaTad iyo, mere da mere _ kidev ufro iSviaTad. 213
qorwineba... ase moulodnelad, da ganxiblva, suni colis piridan, avxorcoba, TvalTmaq-
coba! da es uRimRamo samsaxuri, zrunva fulisaTvis, da ase erTi weli, ori, aTi, oci _ da sul
erTi da igive. da rac ufro Sors, miT ufro uRimRamo. TiTqos TandaTan eSvebi TavdaRma, roca
ggonia, maRla avdivaro. asec iyo. sazogadoebis azriT me maRla miviwevdi da zustad amdenadve
viclebodi sicocxlisagan. da, ai, morCa, gaTavda, unda mokvdes!
maS raRa aris es yvelaferi? ratom? SeuZlebelia. ar SeiZleba aseTi uazro, saZageli iyos
cxovreba. da Tuki marTlac aseTi saZagelia da uazro, maSin ratomRa unda movkvde, da Tanac
movkvde tanjviT? raRac ar aris ise!
ìqneb ar vcxovrobdi ise, rogorc unda mecxovra?~ _ uceb mosdioda TavSi aseTi azri.
magram rogor Tu ara, Tuki yvelafers ise vakeTebdi, rogorc saWiro iyo? _ eubneboda sakuTar
Tavs da imwamsve, rogorc sruliad SeuZlebels, Tavidan iSorebda sikvdil-sicocxlis mTeli
gamocanis am erTaderT axsnas.
àxla raRa ginda? sicocxle? rogori sicocxle? ise, rogorc sasamarTloSi cocxlob,
roca sasamarTlos boqauli acxadebs: `sasamarTlo modiso~... `sasamarTlo modis, modis sasa-
marTlo, _ gaimeora man TavisTvis, _ ai isic, sasamarTlo! magram me xom ara var damnaSave! _
wamoiZaxa man gabrazebiT. _ risTvis?~ _ tirili Sewyvita, kedlisken gadabrunda da isev daiwyo
fiqri erTsa da imaveze: ratom, risTvis xdeba mTeli es saSineleba?
magram ramdenic ar unda efiqra, pasuxs mainc ver poulobda. da rogorc ki gaifiqrebda, _
amaze ki xSirad fiqrobda, _ rom es yvelaferi imitom xdeba, rom sworad ar icxovra, maSinve
ixsenebda Tavis sworad warmarTul cxovrebas da Tavidan iSorebda am ucnaur azrs.
***
kidev ori kvira gavida. ivan iliCi ukve aRar dgeboda divnidan. loginSi wola ar undoda
da divanze iwva. saxiT TiTqmis sul kedlisken gadabrunebuli, marto itanjeboda yvela usaS-
velo satanjveliT da martodmarto fiqrobda isev im usaSvelo safiqrals. ra aris es? nuTu
marTla sikvdili? da Sinagani xma pasuxobda: ho, marTla. risTvisaa saWiro es wameba? da xma
pasuxobda: ise, arafrisTvis. amas iqiT da amas garda araferi iyo.
avadmyofobis pirvelive dRidan, im droidan, roca ivan iliCi pirvelad wavida eqimTan,
misi cxovreba or urTierTsapirispiro guneba-ganwyobad daiyo, romlebic erTmaneTs enac-
vlebodnen: es iyo sasowarkveTa da molodini gaugebari da sazareli sikvdilisa; es iyo imedi
da daintereseba sakuTari sxeulis moqmedebiT. Tvalwin xan mxolod Tirkmeli hqonda, xan _
brma nawlavi, droebiT rom ugulebelyofda Tavisi movaleobis Sesrulebas, xanac ki es gauge-
bari, sazareli sikvdili iyo, romelsac Tavs verafriT aRwevda.
es ori guneba-ganwyoba avadmyofobis dasawyisidanve encvleboda erTmaneTs; magram rac
ufro Sors midioda sneuleba, miT ufro saeWvo da fantastikuri xdeboda mosazrebebi Tir-
kmlis Sesaxeb da miT ufro realuri _ moaxloebuli sikvdilis gancda.
sakmarisi iyo gaxseneboda, rogori iyo sami Tvis win da rogoria axla; gaxseneboda, Tu
rogor eSveboda Tavqve, _ rom imedi CanasaxSive ganadgurebuliyo.
ukanasknel xans, piriT divnis sazurgisken mibrunebuli, ivan iliCi miuxedavad imisa, rom
xalxmraval qalaqSi cxovrobda, da hyavda mravalricxovani nacnobebi da ojaxis wevrebi, mainc
saSinel martoobaSi cxovrobda. aseTi martooba ar SeiZleboda yofiliyo arsad: arc zRvis
fskerze, arc miwaze _ am dros ivan iliCi Tavisi warmosaxviT mxolod warsulSi cxovrobda.
stumari
erTmaneTis miyolebiT cocxldebodnen mis Tvalwin warsulis suraTebi. mogonebebi uaxloesi

droidan iwyeboda da yvelaze Soreul warsulamde _ bavSvobamde grZeldeboda da iq wydeboda.
rogorc ki moagondeboda moxarSuli Savi qliavi, romliTac axlaxan gaumaspinZldnen, maSinve
IV Tavi
ixsenebda bavSvobisdroindel um, danaoWebul frangul Sav qliavs, mis gansakuTrebul gemos da
nerwyviT savse pirs, roca saqme kurkaze midgeboda da im gemos gaxsenebasTan erTad cocxldebo-
da mTeli wyeba im drois mogonebebisa: ZiZa, Zma, saTamaSoebi. àr ginda amaze fiqri... metismetad
mtkivneulia~, _ eubneboda ivan iliCi sakuTar Tavs da isev awmyos ubrundeboda. Rili divanis
214
sazurgeze da tarsikonis naoWebi. `tarsikoni Zviria, da gamZlec ar aris; Cxubi amis gamo atyda.
magram sul sxva iyo tarsikoni da sul sxva iyo Cxubi, roca Cven mamis portfeli davxieT da
dagvsajes, dedam ki Rvezelebi mogvitana~. da isev bavSvobas ubrundeboda da tkivilic isev
brundeboda, ivan iliCi cdilobda moeSorebina is da sxva rameze efiqra.
da isev, aqve, mogonebaTa am wyebasTan erTad mis sulSi mogonebaTa sxva nakadi miedineboda,
romelic axsenebda _ Tu rogor Zlierdeboda da mZimdeboda misi avadmyofoba. isev, rac ufro
Sors midioda ukan, miT meti iyo sicocxle. meti iyo sikeTe sicocxleSi da ufro meti iyo
TviTon sicocxlec. orive, erTica da meorec, erwymoda erTmaneTs. `rogorc wameba xdeba uf-
ro da ufro uaresi, ise mTeli cxovrebac miedineboda sul ufro cudad da cudad~, _ fiqrobda
is. erTi naTeli wertilia iq, ukan, cxovrebis dasawyisSi, mere ki sul ufro Savdeba da Savdeba,
da Tan sul ufro swrafad da swrafad. `sikvdilisagan daSorebuli manZilebis kvadratebis
ukuproporciulad, _ gaifiqra ivan iliCma. da Zirs gadagdebuli qvis sul ufro aCqarebuli
vardnis es gamosaxuleba gulSi CarCa. cxovreba _ wyeba sul ufro didi satanjvelebisa, sul
ufro swrafad mieqaneba dasasrulisaken, Semzaravi tanjva-wamebisaken.
`mec mivfrinav...~. is krTeboda, foriaqobda, winaaRmdegobis gaweva undoda, magram ukve
icoda, rom winaaRmdegoba ar SeiZleba da cqeriT daRlili TvalebiT, romlebsac ar SeeZloT
ar eyurebinaT imisTvis, rac maT win iyo, divanis sazurges Sescqeroda da eloda _ eloda am
saSinel vardnas, biZgsa da ganadgurebas. `winaaRmdegobis gaweva ar SeiZleba, _ eubneboda is
sakuTar Tavs, _ magram gamagebina mainc, risTvisaa es saWiro? Tumca esec SeuZlebelia. axsna
albaT SesaZlebeli iqneboda, Tuki vityodi, rom ise ar vcxovrobdi, rogorc saWiro iyo. magram
swored amis aRiarebaa axla SeuZlebeli~, _ eubneboda sakuTar Tavs da ixsenebda Tavis kanonier,
marTebul da wesier cxovrebas ài amis daSveba ki namdvilad ar SeiZleba, _ ambobda TavisTvis
da tuCebiT iRimeboda, TiTqos SeiZleboda vinmes daenaxa misi Rimili da motyuebuliyo. _
axsna ar arsebobs! wameba, sikvdili... ratom?~
***
ase gavida ori kvira. am kvirebSi ivan iliCisa da misi colisTvis sasurveli movlena moxda:
petriSCevma formalurad iTxova maTi qaliSvilis xeli. es saRamos moxda. meore dRes praskovia
fedorovna qmarTan Sesvlisas imaze fiqrobda, Tu rogor gamoecxadebina misTvis es ambavi,
magram zustad am RamiT ivan iliCis mdgomareoba uaresobisaken Seicvala. praskovia fedo-
rovnas is imave divanze dauxvda, oRond axal mdgomareobaSi. is iwva TavdaRma. kvnesoda da
gaSterebuli win iyureboda.
qalma wamlebze daiwyo laparaki. ivan iliCma mzera masze gadaitana. iseTi zizRi ikiTxeboda
mis TvalebSi, rom praskovia fedorovnam verc daasrula saTqmeli.
_ RvTis gulisaTvis, mSvidad sikvdilis saSualeba momeci.
colma wasvla daapira, magram am dros qaliSvili Semovida da misasalmeblad miuaxlovda.
ivan iliCma iseTive mzera miapyro qaliSvils, rogoriTac cols uyurebda da mis SekiTxvebs
janmrTelobis Sesaxeb civad upasuxa, Tan dasZina: _ male yvelas gagaTavisuflebT Cemgan. qalebi
gaCumdnen, cota xans kidev isxdnen da gavidnen.
Cveni ra bralia? _ uTxra lizam dedas. _ TiTqos es Cven davmarTeT! mecodeba mama, magram
Cven ratomRa gvawamebs?
Cveul dros movida eqimi. ivan iliCi mas mxolod `hoTi~ an àraTi~ pasuxobda da gaboro-
tebuli mzeras ar acilebda, bolos ki uTxra:
stumari
_ xom iciT, rom verafers miSveliT, amitom Tavi damanebeT.

_ SegviZlia tanjva SegimsubuqoT, _ uTxra eqimma.
_ egec ar SegiZliaT; damtoveT.
eqimi sastumro oTaxSi gavida, praskovia fedorovnas acnoba, rom avadmyofi Zalian cudad
IV Tavi
iyo da mxolod opiumi Tu Seumsubuqebda im autanel tanjvas, romelic kidev ufro autaneli
gaxdeboda.
eqimi ambobda, rom ivan iliCi fizikurad saSinlad itanjeba da es simarTle gaxldaT.
Tumca mis fizikur tanjva-wamebaze ufro saSineli misi zneobrivi tanjva iyo da swored es
215
iyo misi mTavari satanjveli.
misi zneobrivi satanjveli ki is gaxldaT, rom am RamiT, roca gerasimis namZinarev, keTil,
farToyvrimalebian saxes uyurebda, uceb gauelva azrma: iqneb marTlac ar iyo mTeli Cemi
Segnebuli cxovreba sworad warmarTuli?
imaze dafiqrda, rac mas uwin sruliad SeuZleblad eCveneboda. is azri, rom ise ar icxovra,
rogorc unda ecxovra, SeiZleboda simarTle yofiliyo. TavSi imanac gauelva, rom misi odnav
SesamCnevi gabrZolebebi imis winaaRmdeg, rasac zemdgomi adamianebi kargad miiCnevdnen, odnav
SesamCnevi mcdelobebi SebrZolebisa, romlebsac is maSinve iSorebda Tavidan, _ swored isini
SeiZleboda yofiliyo namdvilad Rirebuli, sxva yvelaferi ki _ misi samsaxuric, cxovrebis
mowyobac, misi ojaxic, sazogadoebrivi da samsaxurebrivi interesebic _ yvelaferi es SeiZ-
leboda araswori yofiliyo. Seecada sakuTari Tavis winaSe daecva es yvelaferi da uceb igrZno,
rom susti argumentebis gamo ver SeZlebda amas. dasacavi araferi iyo.
`da Tuki es asea, _ uTxra sakuTar Tavs, _ da me cxovrebidan mivdivar im gancdiT, rom
davRupe yvelaferi, rac momadlebuli mqonda, da gamosworeba ar SeiZleba, maSin raRa?~ gu-
laRma dawva da sruliad axleburad daiwyo mTeli Tavisi cxovrebis gansja. roca diliT laqia
dainaxa, mere coli, mere qaliSvili, mere eqimi _ TiToeuli maTi moZraoba, TiToeuli maTi
sityva udasturebda misTvis am RamiT gacxadebul SemaZrwunebel WeSmaritebas. is maTSi xedavda
sakuTar Tavs, yvelafer imas, riTic cxovrobda da naTlad dainaxa, rom yvelaferi es araswori
iyo, yvelaferi es iyo sazareli, uzarmazari sicrue, sicocxlesac da sikvdilsac rom faravda.
am aRiarebam gaaZliera, gaaaTmaga misi fizikuri tanjva. is kvnesoda, SfoTavda da tanisamosis
gasworebas cdilobda. eCveneboda, rom axrCobda da suls uxuTavda; ezizReboda tansacmeli.
mas opiumis didi doza misces da ruli moeria, Tumca sadilobisas igive ganmeorda. is
Tavidan iSorebda yvelas, SfoTavda da adgils ver poulobda.
coli miuaxlovda da uTxra:
_ Jean, Zvirfaso, gaakeTe es CemTvis. es zianis ar mogitans, SveliT ki xSirad Svelis. ra
moxda, janmrTelebic ki...
ivan iliCma farTod gaaRo Tvalebi:
_ rao? veziaro? ratom? ar aris saWiro! Tumca...
praskovia fedorovna
atirda.
_ kargi, Cemo megoba-
ro? Cvensas davuZaxeb, is
iseTi sayvarelia...
_ SesaniSnavia, Zalian
kargi, _ Tqva ivan iliCma.
roca mRvdeli movida
da aziara, is molba, TiT-
qos gaTavisuflda kidec
Tavisi eWvebisagan, amis Se-
degad tanjva-wamebisga-
nac da imedi moeca. isev da-
iwyo fiqri brma nawlavze
da misi gamosworebis SesaZ-
stumari
leblobebze. Tvalcrem-
lianma miiRo ziareba.
roca ziarebis Semdeg
IV Tavi
daawvines, erTi wuTiT

mxned igrZno Tavi da isev
gauCnda sicocxlis imedi.
daiwyo fiqri operaciaze,
216
romelsac sTavazobdnen.
`sicocxle, sicocxle minda~, _ eubneboda sakuTar Tavs. coli Semovida mosalocad; Cveule-
bisamebr daelaparaka da uTxra:
_ ukeTesad xar, xom marTalia?
man ki, misTvis arc ki Seuxedavs ise Cailaparaka: hoo.
colis tansacmelma, misma aRnagobam, gamometyvelebam, misi xmis JReradobam _ yvelaferma
erTi ram uTxra: `yvelaferi, riTac Sen cxovrobdi da cxovrob, tyuili da sicruea, da swored
am sicruem ar daganaxa sicocxle da sikvdili ~. da rogorc ki es gaifiqra, maSinve gaiRviZa
misma siZulvilma da siZulvilTan erTad mtanjvelma fizikurma tkivilmac da am tkivilTan
erTad moaxloebuli gardauvali aRsasrulis gancdam. raRac axali xdeboda mis Tavs: burRavda,
erTianad msWvalavda da sunTqvas uSlida.
misi saxis gamometyveleba, roca Cailaparaka `hoo~, Sesazari iyo. am `hoos~ Calaparakebis
Semdeg, pirdapir colis saxes miSterebuli, misi uRonobisaTvis uCveulo siswrafiT pirqve
gadabrunda da daiyvira:
_ wadiT, wadiT, momSordiT!
***
am wuTidan daiwyo is SeuCerebeli, samdRiani Semzaravi yvirili, romlis mosmena SeZrwu-
nebis gareSe or oTaxs iqiTac ar SeiZleboda. imave wuTSi, roca cols upasuxa, mixvda, rom
daiRupa, rom movida aRsasruli, saboloo aRsasruli, eWvi ki ar gafantula, eWvadve darCa.
_ aa! aa! aa! _ yviroda is gansxvavebuli intonaciebiT. jer àr minda~-s yviroda, Semdeg ki
aso à~-Ti gaagrZela yvirili.
mTeli sami dRe, roca misTvis dro aRar arsebobda, is im Sav tomaraSi farTxalebda, ro-
melSic mas uxilavi, dauZleveli Zala tenida; farTxalebda rogorc jalaTis xelSi moxved-
rili sikvdilmisjili, romelmac icis, rom gadarCena SeuZlebelia. yoveli wuTi uZlierebda
imis SegrZnebas, rom miuxedavad mTeli misi SemarTebisa, sul ufro da ufro uaxlovdeboda
imas, rac ase aZrwunebda. grZnobda, rom imis gamoc itanjeboda, rom Sav xvrelSi tenidnen,
imis gamoc, rom ver axerxebda masSi gaZromas, amaSi ki xels imis rwmena uSlida, rom misi cxov-
reba sworad iyo warmarTuli. swored es marTebuli cxovrebis gancda ebRauWeboda, ar uSveb-
da win da yvelaze metad awamebda.
uceb raRac Zalam ubiZga mkerdSi, gverdSi, kidev ufro Zlierad Seukra sunTqva, ivan iliCi
Cavarda ormoSi da iq, ormos boloSi, raRac ganaTda. mas is daemarTa, rac rkinigzis vagonSi
emarTeboda xolme, roca ggonia, rom win midixar, sinamdvileSi ki matarebeli ukan midis da
uecrad igeb namdvil mimarTulebas.
ho, yvelaferi ise ar iyo, _ uTxra man Tavis Tavs, _ magram es araferia. SeiZleba, kidev
SeiZleba ìse~ gakeTeba. rogor ìse~? _ hkiTxa Tavis Tavs da uceb gairinda.
es mesame dRis bolos moxda, erTi saaTiT adre mis sikvdilamde. swored am dros misi gim-
nazieli vaJiSvili fexakrefiT Seipara mamasTan da mis sawols miuaxlovda. momakvdavi isev
ganwirulad yviroda da xelebs iqnevda. misi xeli Tavze moxvda biWs. man CabRuja is, tuCebTan
miitana da aqviTinda.
zustad am dros ivan iliCi Cavarda ormoSi, dainaxa sinaTle da misTvis cxadi gaxda, rom
misi cxovreba ar iyo iseTi, rogoric unda yofiliyo, magram amis gamosworeba jer kidev SeiZ-
leboda. SeekiTxa Tavs `rogori iseTio?~ da gayuCebulma yuri miugdo. am dros igrZno, rom
stumari
viRaca xels ukocnida. Tvali gaaxila da Svils Sexeda. Seebrala biWi. colic miuaxlovda. qmarma
Sexeda mas. qals piri gaeRo da loyasa da cxvirze darCenili mouwmendavi cremlebiT, SeZrwu-
nebuli gamometyvelebiT misCereboda mas. ivan iliCs isic Seecoda.
IV Tavi
`ho, vawvaleb amaT, _ gaifiqra man, _ vecodebi, Tumca ukeTesad iqnebian, roca movkvdebi~.
undoda amis Tqma, magram laparakis Tavi aRar hqonda. `Tumca, Tqma ki ara, gakeTebaa saWiro, _
TvalebiT aniSna cols vaJiSvilze da uTxra:
_ waiyvane... codoa... Senc... _ kidev undoda eTqva `mapatieo~, magram `gamatare~ gamouvida
217
da radgan gasworeba ukve aRar ZaluZda, xeli Caiqnia; icoda, rom vinc saWiro iyo, gaigebda.
da uceb mixvda, rom is, rac awamebda da ar gamodioda, uceb erTbaSad gamodis, orive mxri-
dan, aTive mxridan, yoveli mxridan. mecodeba isini, ise unda gavakeTo, rom tkivili ar mivayeno.
vixsna isini da Cemi Tavic am wamebisagan. ra kargia da ra ioli, _ gaifiqra man. _ magram tkivili?
_ hkiTxa sakuTar Tavs, _ tkivils raRa vuyo? aba, sada xar, tkivilo?
da miayurada.
`ho, ai isic. ra gaewyoba, iyos tkivili~.
`sikvdili? sikvdili sadRaa?~
is eZebda Tavis uwindel, Cveul sikvdilis SiSs da ver poulobda. sad aris igi? rogoria
sikvdili? araviTari SiSi aRar iyo. imitom rom ar iyo sikvdilic.
sikvdilis nacvlad iyo sinaTle.
_ ai Turme ra! _ uceb xmamaRla Tqva man, _ ra sixarulia!
misTvis es yvelaferi erT wamSi moxda da am wamis mniSvneloba ukve aRar Secvlila. dam-
swreTaTvis ki misi agonia kidev or saaTs gagrZelda. mkerdSi raRaca uxrialebda; Ronemixdili
sxeuli uTrToda. mere xrialica da TrTolac ufro iSviaTi gaxda.
_ gaTavda! _ Tqva viRacam mis zemoT.
man gaigona es sityva da gulSi gaimeora: `gaTavda sikvdili~, _ uTxra Tavis Tavs, _ aRar-
sadaa~.
haeri SeisunTqa, Sua SesunTqvisas SeCerda, gaiWima da mokvda.
1885-86
rusulidan Targmna ia mWedliZem
saubari
Tavis droze mxatvari i. n. kramskoi (1837_1887), lev tolstois cnobili portretis avto-
ri, werda:
`laparaki ìvan iliCis sikvdilis~ Sesaxeb, miT ufro aRfrTovaneba misiT, sul cota, uad-
gilo iqneboda. esaa raRac iseTi, rac ukve aRar aris xelovneba. es ubralod Semoqmedebaa. es
bibliuri moTxrobaa... am moTxrobaSi gasaocaria samkaulebis sruli ararseboba, ris gareSec,
mgoni, adamianis arc erTi qmnileba ar arsebobs~.
kritikosma v. v. stasovma (1824_1906) ase gamoxata Tavisi STabeWdileba: ài, bolos da bo-
los, namdvili xelovneba, simarTle da namdvili cxovreba~.
kompozitori p. i. Caikovski (1840_1893) ki werda: `wavikiTxe ìvan iliCis sikvdili~. axla
ufro, vidre aqamde, darwmunebuli var, rom odesme da sadme arsebul mweral-mxatvarTa So-
ris l. n. tolstoi udidesia~.
rogorc Tavad lev tolstois, ise misi Tanamedroveebis gadmocemiT, moTxrobaSi asaxu-
lia tulis olqis sasamarTlos prokuroris ivan iliC meCnikovis istoria, romelic mZime
avadmyofobiT gardaicvala 1881 wlis 2 ivliss. i. i. meCnikovis gardacvalebis Semdeg lev tol-
stois Tavisma colisdam gadasca gardacvlilis qvrivis monayoli meuRlis ukanaskneli dRe-
stumari
ebis Sesaxeb: misi sikvdiliswina fiqrebi; saubrebi gatarebuli cxovrebis unayofobis Sesaxeb.
xolo gardacvlilis Zma, gamoCenili mecnieri ilia meCnikovi (1845_1916) mogvianebiT werda:
`me veswrebodi Cemi ufrosi Zmis sicocxlis ukanasknel wuTebs, Cemma ormocdaxuTi wlis Zmam,
romelic grZnobda moaxloebul sikvdils Cirqovani mowamvlis gamo, bolomde SeinarCuna
IV Tavi
gonebis sruli sicxade. sanam me mis sasTumalTan vijeqi, is miziarebda Tavis fiqrebs. sik-
vdilze fiqri mas didxans aSinebda, magram vinaidan yvelani unda movkvdeT, bolos mainc Seu-
rigda mas, da sakuTar Tavs eubneboda, rom 45 wlis asakSi Tu ufro gvian sikvdils Soris arse-
218 biTad aranairi sxvaoba ar aris~.
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. moTxroba iwyeba ivan iliCis sikvdiliT. mxolod amis Semdeg vigebT, ra cxovrebiT
icxovra am adamianma, rogor iavadmyofa da rogor mokvda. gaixseneT, Txrobis orga-
nizebis amgvari xerxi gamoyenebuli hqonda jemal qarCxaZesac Tavis `rahaT-luxumSi~
(ix. I Tavi, § VI). Tqveni azriT, ratom iyenebs tolstoi am xerxs?
2. gadaxedeT `saubars~. mxatvari kramskoi gaocebas gamoTqvams lev tolstois moTxro-
bis sruli usamkaulobis gamo da bibliur moTxrobas adarebs mas. rogor gesmiT moT-
xrobis usamkauloba, kramskois Sefaseba metaforulad unda aRviqvaT Tu pirdapir?
ratom?
3. Cveulebriv, lev tolstois Semoqmedebas im mxatvrul-esTetikur mimarTulebas mia-
kuTvneben, romelic `realizmis~ saxeliTaa cnobili. gaixseneT, ra iciT realizmis Se-
saxeb, aseve gamoiyeneT Sesabamisi sacnobaro literatura da daadgineT, aris Tu ara
ìvan iliCis sikvdili~ realisturi nawarmoebi. argumentebi samuSao rveulSi CaiwereT.
teqstis analizi
1. arsebobs erTi Zveli induri sibrZne. gonier kacs ekiTxebian: – ra aris qveynad yvelaze
didi saocreba? pasuxi aseTia: – is, rom yvela xedavs, irgvliv xalxi rom kvdeba, magram
sakuTari sikvdilis mainc aravis sjerao.
ivan iliCis sikvdilis ambavi rom gaiges, misma TanamSromlebma pirvel rigSi is gaifiq-
res, rogor aisaxeboda es axali ambavi maT karieraze. mere ki uklebliv yvelam sixaruliT
gaivlo gulSi: ra kargia, rom is mokvda da ara meo. Tqveni azriT, amiT imis Tqma unda
tolstois, rom es adamianebi gansakuTrebiT uguloebi arian Tu es Cveulebrivi adami-
anuri gancdaa? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
2. kidev erTxel waikiTxeT, rogor aRwers mwerali qvrivTan samZimarze misuli piotr
ivanoviCis, gardacvlilis megobris, TavdaWerasa da gancdebs. gaanalizeT es epizodi.
adamianebi erTs grZnoben da fiqroben, magram sul sxvanairad iqcevian da sxva rames
laparakoben. ratom?
3. ivan iliCs eqimebTan urTierToba braldebulebTan Tavis damokidebulebas agonebs.
moZebneT teqstSi es epizodi da gaaanalizeT.
4. ivan iliCis aravis esmis, maT Soris, arc colsa da mowiful qaliSvils. balebisa da
rautebis gaxurebuli sezoniT dakavebul col-Svils avadmyofi uneblieT xelsac ki
uSlis. colma aseTi pozicia SeimuSava:
`– iciT, – eubneboda praskovia fedorovna nacnobebs, – ivan iliCs ar SeuZlia is, rac
yvela keTilgonier adamians moeTxoveba, – daniSnuli mkurnalobis mkacrad Catareba.
dRes wveTebs miiRebs da imas SeWams, rac nabrZanebi aqvs; drozec dawveba, xval ki, uceb,
stumari
Tuki gamomepara, daaviwydeba wamlis miReba, TarTsac geaxlebaT (es ki akrZaluli aqvs)
da vintsac iTamaSebs Ramis pirvel saaTamde~.
Tqveni azriT, ris miRwevas cdilobs aseTi poziciiT ivan iliCis coli?
IV Tavi
5. lev tolstois moTxrobaSi didi adgili ukavia sicruis rolisa da adgilis Cvenebas
saerTod adamianur urTierTobebSi da gansakuTrebiT momakvdavis cxovrebaSi. mwer-
lis TqmiT, ivan iliCs fizikur tkivilze metad ratomRac yvelas mier aRiarebuli is
sicrue ufro tanjavs, romlis Tanaxmadac igi ki ar kvdeba, aramed mxolod avadaa, unda
219
damSviddes, imkurnalos da yvelaferi kargad iqneba.
xom ar aWarbebs mwerali? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
Tqveni azriT, ratom iRebs yvela am sicrues?
erTaderTi adamiani, visTan urTierTobac ivan iliCs siamovnebs, gerasimia. Tqveni az-
riT, es garemoebac am sicruis miReba-armiRebasTan xom ar aris dakavSirebuli?
am kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad xelaxla gadaikiTxeT is epizodebi, sadac gerasimisa da
ivan iliCis urTierTobaa aRwerili.
6. mwerali gamoyofs sicruis kidev erT waxnags. saqme is gaxlavT, rom arc Tavad ivan
iliCia gulwrfeli. gaixseneT, loginad Cavardnil ivan iliCs etireba da unda, rom
sxvebmac masTan erTad itiron, miualerson, rogorc avadmyof bavSvs. magram ai, modis
misi romelime amxanagi da imis nacvlad, rom itiron da ialerson, ivan iliCi seriozul,
mkacr, Rrmaazrovan saxes iRebs da gamoTqvams Tavis mosazrebebs sakasacio gadawyveti-
lebis Sesaxeb da dabejiTebiT icavs mas. miuxedavad imisa, rom es sicrue yvelaze metad
uSxamavda sicocxlis ukanasknel dReebs, ivan iliCi mainc verafers cvlis.
Tqveni azriT, ratom xdeba ase? ratom icaven aseT viTarebaSi adamianuri urTierTo-
bebisTvis damaxasiaTbel pirobiTobebs?
7. gaaanalizeT moTxrobis wakiTxviT miRebuli STabeWdileba da SeecadeT CamoayaliboT
Tqveni gancda.
paralelebi
1. I TavSi moZebneT zurab kakabaZis ese da xelaxla waikiTxeT. ras ityviT, waikiTxavda
eseSi aRwerili adamianis tipi tolstois moTxrobas? ratom?
cnobili frangi mecnieri da moazrovne blez paskali (1623-1662) werda: `Tu am qveynad
moiZebneba aryofnisa da saukuno tanjvis saSinelebisadmi gulgrili kaci, es sruliad
arabunebrivi ram gaxlavT. is sul sxvanairad iqceva yvela sxva sagnisa Tu movlenis
mimarT: yovelgvari wvrilmanis gamo Zrwis, winaswar xedavs, winaswar ganicdis maT. igive
kaci, romelic dRedaRam drtvinavs da mZvinvarebs ama Tu im Tanamdebobis dakargvis,
warmosaxvismieri Seuracxyofisa Tu Rirsebis SebRalvis gamo, diax, igive kaci,
romelmac icis, rom yvelafers dakargavs sikvdilisTanave, sruliad gulgrilad da
uSfoTvelad elis aRsasruls. monstruozuli movlenaa _ erTdroulad xedavde erTsa
da imave gulSi am mgrZnobelobas ubadruki wvrilmanebisadmi da am ucnaur ugrZnob-
lobas yvelaze ufro diadis mimarT~.
gamoiyeneT zurab kakabaZis ese, aseve lev tolstois moTxrobaSi ivan iliCis ojaxis
wevrebisa da nacnobebis fsiqologiuri mdgomareobisa da fiqrebis aRwerilobebi da
axseniT, Cveulebriv riTi sazrdoobs ès ucnauri adamianuri ugrZnobeloba yvelaze
ufro diadis mimarT~.
2. geronti qiqoZe wers: `saerTod, sikvdili ufro advilia adamianisaTvis, romelsac
ukvdaveba swams, Tundac es mxolod im ideis ukvdaveba iyos, romelsac is Tavs swiravs~. am
stumari
ideaze dayrdnobiT ganixileT lev tolstois moTxroba da daskvnebi Tavad gamoitaneT.

IV Tavi
220
diskusia
cnobilia, rom dasavlur samyaroSi karga xania damkvidrebulia wesi, romlis Tanaxmadac,
Tuki adamians sasikvdilo avadmyofoba sWirs, amas pirdapir eubnebian. CvenSi _ umalaven. Tqveni
azriT, adamianuri urTierTobis romeli formaa ufro misaRebi? diskusiis msvlelobisas See
cadeT rogorc erTi, ise meore pozicia Sesabamisi sazogadoebebisaTvis damaxasiaTebel azrov
nebisa da cxovrebis wess daukavSiroT.
kritikosi otia paWkoria lev tolstois Sesaxeb werda: `mas eSinoda sikvdilis; aki Ta
vadac aRiarebda, rom Zrwolas hgvrida sikvdilze fiqri. oRond SiSi sxvisi Tanalmobisa da
Tanaziarobis survils rodi warmoSobda. mas surda procesis Seswavla da Secnoba. es iyo da
mokidebuleba _ gonismieri, cnobieri, iqneb TviTmiznuric... SiSi da ironia, codna àryofnisa~,
mosakvdenad mzadeba...~
ìvan iliCis sikvdilis~ wakiTxvis Semdeg eTanxmebiT Tu ara kritikosis Tvalsazriss? ra
tom? Tqvens komentars mieciT werilobiTi saxe.
prezentacia
 Tqveni amocanaa TargmnoT lev tolstois dRiurebidan amokrebili sentenciebi da gan

saxilvelad warudginoT Tanaklaselebs. TargmanTan erTad warmoadgineT Tqveni damo
kidebuleba am gamonaTqvamebis mimarT.
 `Чем ближе люди к истине, тем они терпимее к чужим заблуждениям и наоборот~.
 `Если жизнь – благо, то благо и смерть, составляющая иеобходимое условие жизни~.
 `Истина должна созреть в уединении. Когда же она созреет, она так ясна, что принимается без спора~.
IV Tavi stumari
221
§ III
avtoris Sesaxeb
miSel montens religiur-politikuri dapirispirebebisa da sastiki

religiuri omebis periodSi mouxda cxovreba. ase rom, ganmartoebis moy-
varul montens sakuTar TavTan marto darCenis saSualeba naklebad hqon-
da. man monawileoba miiRo ramdenime laSqrobaSi, 12 wlis manZilze iyo
qalaq bordos parlamentis mrCeveli, araerTxel Casula parizSi mefis
karze, mwaredac moutyuebiaT, gauZarcvavT, gadaitana xanZari, Savi Wiris
miSel de epidemia, Svilebis sikvdili, sicocxlis bolo 20 weliwadi Tirkmlis avad-
monteni
myofoba tanjavda, ramac bolos da bolos Caiyvana kidec samareSi, magram
1533 _ 1592
yvelaze mZime misTvis mainc bordos merobis oTxwliani periodi gamodga.
`Tuki montenis
`cdebs~ Tvals ki rogorc TviTon werda, `batoni meri da miSel monteni arasodes yofilan
ar gadavavlebT, erTi da igive pirovneba. maT Soris yovelTvis arsebobda garkveviT mo-
aramed yuradRe-
biT CavuRrmavde-
niSnuli sazRvari~.
biT avtoris az- òrTabrZola~, romelsac axla unda gaecnoT, mxolod mcire frag-
ris auCqarebel mentia misi èseebis~ im Tavisa, romlis saxelwodebacaa _ `filosofosoba
dinebas da miven-
dobiT im adamia- es aris swavla imisa, Tu rogor unda movkvdeT~.
nis gulwrfelo-
bas, romelic Wku-
as ki ar gvaswav-
lis, aramed mxo-
lod sakuTar Tav-
ze gvesaubreba, ma-
Sinve vigrZnobT,
rom am gaskoneli
miSel de monteni
aristokratis
cxovrebis gacno-
biT, romelic 400
orTabrZola
wlis win cxov-
robda amqveynad,
sikvdili im mters rom gavdes, romlisgan Tavis gadarCenac gaqcevi-
Cven, SeiZleba pir-
velad vecnobiT Taa SesaZlebeli, daufiqreblad girCevdiT laCrebis am maradiuli me-
sakuTar Tavs~. TodiT gesargeblaT. magram imis gamo, rom misgan Tavis daRweva SeuZle-
a. morua belia, radgan igi erTnairad sravs gaqceulsac da davardnilsac, TaR-
liTsac da patiosansac da radgan saukeTeso javSanic ki ver dagvifaravs
misgan, modiT, SevecadoT gabeduli daxvedra da misi orTabrZolaSi gamowveva viswavloT.
imisaTvis, rom misi mTavari iaraRi gavauvnebelvyoT, Cveulebrivis sapirispiro avirCioT _
SevecadoT sikvdili misi saidumloebiT moculi sibnelidan dRis sinaTleze gamoviyvanoT,
davakvirdeT, miveCvioT, imaze xSirad vifiqroT masze, vidre sxva sagnebsa da movlenebze
vfiqrobT. SevecadoT, yvelgan da yovelTvis, yvela SesaZlo formiT warmovidginoT misi
saxeba. sul erTia, Cveni cxeni waiforxilebs, saxuravidan dacurebuli kramiti daimsxvreva
Cvens win Tu nemsi SegverWoba TiTSi, yovelTvis gavumeoroT sakuTar Tavs, iqneb es aris Tavad
sikvdili?
stumari
es gagvamxnevebs, stoicizms Segvmatebs. dResaswaulebze, sayovelTao mxiarulebis dros

dae sul yurebSi Cagvesmodes isev da isev is hangi, romelic Cvens gardauval xvedrs Segvaxse-
nebs. siamovnebiT mogvril TavdaviwyebaSi imdenad ar unda CaviZiroT, rom drodadro mainc
IV Tavi
ar gagvielvos azrma _ ramdenad aramyaria Cveni mxiaruleba, radgan sikvdils wuTiTac ar va-
viwydebiT da ra moulodnel dartymebs aRar vRebulobT cxovrebaSi! ase iqceodnen Zveli
egviptelebi, romelTac wesad hqondaT dResaswaulis dros darbazSi aTasgvar nugbarTan da
sasmelTan erTad romelime gardacvlilis mumiac SemoetanaT, rogorc monadimeebis gaf-
222 rTxileba.
vin icis, sad gvelodeba sikvdili? maS, raki asea, Cvenc avdgeT da yvelgan velodoT mas.
sikvdilze fiqri igive Tavisuflebaze fiqria. vinc iswavla, rogor unda mokvdes, man isic
iswavla, rogor ar unda iyos mona. sikvdilisTvis mzadyofna yovelgvari morCilebisa da iZu-
lebis aucileblobisgan gvaTavisuflebs. sicocxle ar aris boroteba misTvis, vinc Cawvda
imas, rom arc misi dakargvaa boroteba.
davalebebi
monteni sikvdilis SiSisgan gaTavisuflebis gzas gvTavazobs, magram rogoria es gza? ra-
ze akeTebs aqcents avtori? ra aris iseTi mis msjelobaSi, romlis mixedviTac SegviZlia vTqvaT,
rom es maincdamainc dasavluri kulturis warmomadgenlis poziciaa?
paraleli
geronti qiqoZe wers: `ra kulturul donezec unda idges adamiani, is yovelTvis misti-
kur SiSs ganicdis sikvdilisadmi. amiT sargebloben mtarvalebi: isini cdiloben TavianTi
tirania teroriT ganamtkicon~.
miSel monteni: `sikvdilze fiqri igive Tavisuflebaze fiqria. vinc iswavla, rogor unda
mokvdes, man isic iswavla, rogor ar unda iyos mona. sikvdilisTvis mzadyofna yovelgvari
morCilebisa da iZulebis aucileblobisgan gvaTavisuflebs~.
imsjeleT, rogori urTierTmimarTebaa am or azrs Soris: maT Soris aranairi kavSiri ar
arsebobs, erTmaneTs gamoricxaven Tu erTi meores eTanxmeba, xsnis da gamosavals gvTavazobs?
Tvalsazrisi
Tqveni azriT, ramdenad realuria montenis mier SemoTavazebuli meTodiT sikvdilis SiS-
Tan gamklaveba? Tavisebur sofizmTan xom ara gvaqvs saqme? rogor fiqrobT, es meTodi
yvelasTvis xelmisawvdomia Tu misi gamoyeneba mxolod garkveuli tipis adamianebs SeuZliaT?
stumari
IV Tavi
223
avtoris Sesaxeb
libaneli mwerlis xalil jibranis `winaswarmetyvelis~ erT frag-

ments II TavSi (ix. § II) ukve gaecaniT. igi mSoblebisa da Svilebis urTierTobas
exeboda. amjerad gTavazobT kidev erT fragments, romelSiac mwerali
sikvdilis fenomenze gvesaubreba.
xalil jibrani
1883_1931
xalil jibrani
sikvdili
mere almiTram Tqva: àxla ki sikvdilze gkiTxavdiT~.

da miugo man:
`sikvdilis saidumlo gindaT SeityoT.
magram rogor miagnebT mis idumalebas, vidre sikvdils ar moiZevT sicocxlis wiaRSi?
RamRamobiT Tvalxiluli bu dRisiT brmaa. igi ver Seityobs naTlis idumalebas.
Tu namdvilad gsurT SeicnoT sikvdilis suli, farTod gadauxseniT Tqveni guli sxeuls
sicocxlisas.
rameTu sicocxle da sikvdili erTni arian, rogorc mdinare da zRva arian erTni.
Tqveni imedebis da survilebis siRrmeSi davanebulia gamouTqmeli codna imier samyarosi.
TovlqveS mTvlemare TesliviT ocnebobs Tqveni guli gamozafxulebaze.
endeT ocnebebs, maTSi mimalulia karibWe maradisobisa.
Tqveni SiSi sikvdilisa hgavs xelmwifis winaSe warmdgari mwyemsis caxcaxs, roca wyalobis
niSnad unda Seexos mas mefis marjvena.
gana ar aris sixaruli mwyemsis kankalSi? mwyemss xom uxaria, mefem rom gamoarCia?
magram Tan mwyemsi xom wuxs, rom kankaliTaa atanili?!
da ras niSnavs mokvde, Tu ara _ dediSobila idge qarSi da dnebode mzisgulze?
da ras niSnavs sunTqvis SeCereba, Tu ara _ sunTqvis gamoTavisuflebas SeuCerebeli miq-
cev-moqcevisgan, raTa gaiWras usazRvroebaSi da eZios dausazRvreli RmerTi?!
WeSmaritad imRerebT mxolod maSin, roca daewafebiT mdinares mdumarebisas.
da mxolod maSin daiwyebT aRmasvlas, roca miaRwevT mwvervals mTisas.
da naRdad mxolod maSin icekvebT, roca miwa moiTxovs Tqvens xel-fexs, Tqvens sxeuls~.
inglisuridan Targmna manana gigineiSvilma
stumari
IV Tavi
224
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
saxelmZRvanelos II TavSi moZebneT jibranis teqsti da xelaxla waikiTxeT. Semdeg orive

fragmenti SeadareT romelime evropeli mwerlis, vTqvaT, montenis teqsts. gansazRvreT, ra
mxatvrul-gamomsaxvelobiT xerxebs iyenebs jibrani?
Tqveni azriT, Temas, romelsac jibrani ganixilavs, ramdenad Seesabameba misi metaforu-
li stili?
garda wminda mxatvrul-gamomsaxvelobiT xerxebs Soris arsebuli gansxvavebisa, kidev
riTi gansxvavdeba libaneli mwerali evropeli avtorisagan?
paraleli
jibrani: `Tu namdvilad gsurT SeicnoT sikvdilis suli, farTod gadauxseniT Tqveni gu-
li sxeuls sicocxlisas~.
monteni: `sicocxle ar aris boroteba misTvis, vinc Cawvda imas, rom arc misi dakargvaa
boroteba~.
SeadareT erTmaneTs es ori winadadeba da Tqvens samuSao rveulSi aRniSneT:
ra gansxvavebaa azrovnebis maneris TvalsazrisiT;
SeecadeT jibranis azri montenis stiliT gadmosceT da piriqiT.
miSel montens sikvdilis SiSis daZlevis saqmeSi mxolod sakuTari Tavisa da sakuTari
gonebis imedi aqvs.
xalil jibrani aseve did mniSvnelobas aniWebs adamianis pirovnul aqtiurobas, oRond
saboloo mizani is aris, rom suli `gaiWras usazRvroebaSi da eZios dausazRvreli RmerTi~.
blez paskali ki adamianis srul umweobas aRiarebda da erTaderT xsnas uzenaesis rwmenaSi
poulobda.
gamoiyeneT geronti qiqoZis ese da imsjeleT, romeli Tvalsazrisia TqvenTvis misaRebi.
SeecadeT Tqveni msjeloba maqsimalurad argumentirebuli iyos.
pozicia
avstrieli mwerali Stefan cvaigi (1881_1942) lev tolstoisadmi miZRvnil vrcel eseSi
sikvdilTan misi damokidebulebis or fazas gamoyofs. misi azriT, ìvan iliCis sikvdili~
pirvel fazaSia dawerili, roca mwerali sikvdilis panikuri SiSiT iyo Sepyrobili. meore
fazaSi tolstoi ukve àRar eurCeba~ sikvdilis arsebobas. ìgi aRiarebs, rom sikvdili uZle-
stumari
velia, magram ara _ sikvdilis SiSi. amitom mTel Zal-Rones amieridan am SiSis winaaRmdeg mi-
marTavs. espaneli trapistebis msgavsad1, romlebic yovel Rames kuboSi aTevdnen, raTa SiSis
nasaxic CaeklaT TavianT TavSi, tolstoi nebisyofis yoveldRiuri daJinebuli varjiSiT TviT-
IV Tavi
STagonebas axdens, erTTavad CasCiCinebs sakuTar Tavs memento mori-s2; aiZulebs gauTaveblad
1
trapistebi _ igulisxmeba kaTolike berTa ordeni, romelic 1664 wels normandiis erT-erT saaba-
toSi _ trapSi iqna daarsebuli.
2
225
memento mori (laT.) _ gaxsovdes sikvdili.
da `mTeli suliTa da guliT~ sikvdilze ifiqros, magram ki ar Zrwodes. yovel Canawers
dRiurSi amieridan sami mistikuri asoTi iwyebs: T. c. v. (`Tu cocxali viqen~), yovel Tves wlebis
manZilze aRniSnavs gamafrTxilebeli fraziT: `me vuaxlovdebi sikvdils~. eCveva, Tvali
gausworos xolme mas. Cveuleba ki gaSinaurebas niSnavs...~ (germanulidan Targmna karlo
jorjanelma).
Tqveni azriT, tolstois pozicia montenTan ufro axlos dgas Tu jibranTan? pasuxi daa-
sabuTeT.
interpretacia
stoikosi markus avreliusi3 werda: `gamudmebiT ifiqre imaze, ramdeni

mkurnali aRar aris ukve, sneulis sasTumalTan dRedaRam SublSeWmuxvniT
mjdari, sxvaTa sikvdilis _ TiTqos raRac arnaxulis _ winaswar macne; ram-
deni astrologi, sikvdilisa Tu ukvdavebis mizezTa mCxreki, ramdeni fi-
losofosi, laSqarTmmusvreli ramdeni meomari, da, dasasrul, ramdeni ti-
rani, romelnic iseTi gaugonari gulgrilobiT wyvetdnen qveSevrdomTa sik-
vdil-sicocxlis sakiTxs, TiTqos ukvdavni yofiliyvnen Tavad; ramdeni qa-
laqi aRigava pirisagan miwisa... gaixsene isinic, visac piradad icnobdi Sen:
erTma vis miago ukanaskneli pativi, meorem _ vis, bolos ki TviTonac miebar-
nen miwas; da yvelaferi es _ sul raRac oriod wamSi. amitom yovelTvis unda ucqerde yovelive
kacurs, rogorc malexrwnads da mswraflwarmavals: is, rac guSin Canasaxi iyo mxolod, xval
ukve mumiaa da mtveri, maS, Seni dRemokle sicocxlis manZilze nurasodes gadauxvev bunebis
gzas, mere ki iseve udrtvinvelad ganved sicocxliT, rogorc mwife zeTisxili vardeba xidan:
dedamiwasa da mSobeli xis mimarT locva-kurTxeviT da gulmxurvale madlobis wirviT~ (laTi-
nuridan Targmna baCana bregvaZem).
iamamoto cunetomo4 wers:

`me Cavwvdi, rom samurais gza sikvdilia.
situaciaSi àn-an~ uyoymanod airCie sikvdili. es Zneli ar aris. gambe-
daobiT aRivse da imoqmede. mxolod sulmokleebi imarTleben Tavs im mo-
sazrebiT, rom dasaxuli miznis miuRwevlad sikvdili ZaRluri sikvdilia.
situaciaSi àn-an~ swori arCevanis gakeTeba praqtikulad SeuZlebelia.
sicocxle yvelas gvinda, amitom gasakviri ar aris, rom yvela cdilobs
daasabuTos, ratom unda icocxlos. magram Tuki adamianma mizans ver miaRwia
da sicocxles agrZelebs, sulmokleobas iCens. is uRirsad iqceva. xolo
Tuki man mizans ver miaRwia da mokvda, es marTlac fanatizmi da ZaRluri sikvdilia, magram
amaSi samarcxvino araferia. samurais gza aseTi sikvdilia. Tuki yovel dila-saRamos sakuTar
Tavs sikvdilisTvis moamzadeb da SeZleb ise icxovro, TiTqos Seni sxeuli ukve mokvda, nam-
dvili samurai gaxdebi. maSin mTeli Seni cxovreba unaklo iqneba da Sens sarbielze warmatebas
miaRwev~.
stumari
3
markus avreliusi (121_180) _ romis imperatori, filosofosi, stoicizmis mimdevari (stoicizmi,
rogorc filosofiuri skola, Zvel saberZneTSi, Zv.w. IV saukunis bolos warmoiqmna. misi mTavari damaxa-
IV Tavi
siaTebeli Tviseba iyo adamianis momzadeba amqveyniuri tanjva-vaebis udrtvinveli amtanobisTvis).

4
iamamoto cunetomo (1659_1719) _ iaponeli samurai (meomari) da mwerali. patronis gardacvalebis
Semdeg ritualuri TviTmkvlelobis (xarakiris) aRsruleba ar daanebes, ris Semdegac Zen-budisti (bu-
dizmis Cinuri da iaponuri nairsaxeoba) beri gaxda da TiTqmis 20 weliwadi ganmartoebiT icxovra. gan-
martoebaSi dawera Tavisi wigni `hagakure~ (sityva-sityviT niSnavs `foTlebSi Sefaruls~), samurais qcevis
226 erTgvari kodeqsi.
kidev erTi iaponeli, amjerad XX saukunis mwerali, iokio miSima5 wer-
da: ìaponelebi is xalxia, romlebic Tavisi yoveldRiuri cxovrebis sa-
fuZvelSi yovelTvis acnobiereben sikvdils. iaponuri sikvdilis ideali
naTeli da ubraloa, am TvalsazrisiT is Zalian gansxvavdeba im sazizRari
da saSineli sikvdilisagan, rogoradac mas dasavleli adamianebi xedaven.
sikvdilis Suasaukuneobrivi evropuli gamosaxulebaa SavkapiuSonian man-
tiaSi gaxveuli ConCxi, romelsac xelSi celi uWiravs. aseTi fantaziebi
iaponelebs arasodes izidavdaT. iaponuri sikvdilis ideali aseve gansxvav-
deba iseTi qveynis idealisagan, rogoricaa meqsika, romlis qalaqebis miyruebul quCebSi dRem-
de SeiZleba sarevela mcenareebSi Cakargul actekur an toltekur6 taZarTa usulo nangrevebs
gadaawydeT. iaponur xelovnebas amdidrebs ara sastiki da veluri sikvdili, aramed sikvdili,
romlis saSineli niRbis qvemodan sufTa wylis wyaro amoCuxCuxebs. am wyarodan iRebs saTaves
mravali nakaduli, romelTac sufTa wyali moaqvT Cvens samyaroSi7.~
Tqveni azriT, arsebobs Tu ara raime saerTo stoikur msoflgancdasa da samurais ko-
deqss Soris? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
SeecadeT maqsimalurad bevri informacia moipovoT iaponur kulturaze. saamisod ga-
modgeba rogorc interneti, aseve filmebi da wignebi. Tqveni azriT, yvelaze metad ra
Tvisebebi gamoarCevs mas evropuli da qarTuli kulturisgan?
Tvalsazrisi
gaaanalizeT miRebuli informacia da Tqvens samuSao rveulSi CaiwereT Tezisebis saxiT.

SeafaseT warmodgenili teqstebi rogorc formis, ise avtorTa azrovnebis maneris gaT-
valiswinebiT. Tqveni azriT, romeli midgomiT ukeTesad xerxdeba dasmuli problemis
wvdoma; da romeli ufro iolia aRsaqmelad.
dafiqrdiT, ra TvalsazrisiT SeiZleba xalil jibrani dasavlur da aRmosavlur kul-

turebs Soris xidis gamdebad CaiTvalos? davaleba SeasruleT werilobiT.
samurai
stumari
5
iokio miSima (1925_1970) _ XX saukunis yvelaze cnobili iaponeli mwerali ara marto Tavisi Semoq-
medebiT, aramed aseve mis mier aRsrulebuli ritualuri TviTmkvlelobiTac (xarakiriT).
IV Tavi
6
toltekebi _ amerikel indielTa tomebi, romelTa religiur cxovrebaSi mniSvnelovan rols as-
rulebda adamianTa msxverplSewirva da saerTod, sikvdili.
7
ai, magaliTad, ras wers revaz inaniSvili: ìaponelebi, didi civilizaciis da kulturis xalxi,
dResac aRtacebuli mokrZalebiT xrian Tavs ayvavebuli alublebis winaSe, rogorc aTasze meti wlis
winaT. maT es ar `mobezrdaT~, da arc alublebisagan moiTxoven sxva rames, garda Cveulebrivi, nazi
227
yvavilobisa, arc TavianTi Tavisgan _ ubralo adamianur mgrZnobelobaze mets~.
§ IV
vaJa-fSavela
vaJa-fSavela
1861_1915
mogoneba
nu miwyenT, momagondeba rom movkvde, maSin viqnebi

qalis vaJisTvis naTqomi: dardebis mofonebiTa!
`Tu Sen ar gxedav cocxalsa, dae vicocxlo tanjviTa,
arc me var cocxlad damComi! naRvliT daviwva gulia,
cocxali Tan Camogyvebi, daviwva, viT kelaptari,
saflavSi dagetanebi; xatis win anTebulia...
Sen mkvdars, SenTan me cocxals, vicocxlo imis mamgoneT,
dae dagvixSon karebi! vinc guls maCniva wylulia...
movkvdebi Sensa gulzeda, erTs wels gogona mijnuris
zevidam dagefarebi: saflavze iareboda,
me SavsWam _ miwas ar ZaluZs, unTebda wminda sanTelsa,
rom SegiWamos Tvalebi. Sinave trialdeboda;
mwads, erTad Sazeliliyos saflavis pirze daergo
Cemi da Seni Zvalebi!”
yvavilni turfa ferisa,
orma dRem Camaiara,
cremliT moerwyo vardebi,
zari aCqamda glovisa.
TvalTagan monawurisa.
kubos asvelebs cremlebi
es erTi welic gavida,
mandilosanTa grovisa.
icvleba dro da Jamia:
satrfo dastiris Wabuksa,
gogos swadian ipovnos
cremli sdioda Rvarada,
pirvelis msgavsi gvamia;
gulic xom uwuxdeboda,
msgavsi pirvelis mijnuris
wyalsac asxamdnen kvalada.
TvaliTa, tanadobiTa,
gul-dabnedilsa diacsa
abrunebdian Zalada. mokeTes hmokeTeobdes,
mozareebi kuboTi mters eqmnas jalaTobiTa.
midgnen samaris karada. RmerTma giSvelos, sikvdilo,
ucvleli bina yvelasi sicocxle Svenobs SeniTa,
ucdis mkvdars dasafarada. da Senc, sikvdilo, fasi gZe
kubo CauSves saflavSi, sicocxlis nawyenobiTa.
cviva qviSa da lodebi. sicocxle siyvaruliTa
stumari
_ ra uyav fici, gogonav, da siyvaruli sicocxliT,

Cahyev, vis meelodebi? uerTurTisod verc erTsa
_ sad gavyve, Zmao, ras vargeb, ver vicnobT, verc ros vicnobdiT.
IV Tavi
mkvdars ra vuSvelo amiTa! erTurTi swyuran orTave,

ara, me sicocxle minda, erTurTTan dailevian;
unda vicocxlo WiriTa. uerTurTisod ver sZleben,
vigono vardi gulisa, maledve dailevian!
228 vitanjo mogonebiTa. 1890
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
leqsi SeiZleba ramdenime nawilad davyoT: gogos fici, vaJis daRupva da dakrZalva, go-
gos mier ficis gatexva da Tavis marTleba, erTwliani glova, erTi wlis Semdeg gogos mier
axali siyvarulis Zieba da poetis daskvna.
gamoyaviT leqsSi es nawilebi.
rogoraa xsenebuli nawilebi erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli? saWiroa Tu ara maT dasakav-

Sireblad mkiTxvelis erTgvari Zalisxmeva Tu yvelaferi mzamzareuladaa mowodebuli?
daakvirdiT poetis daskvnis mimarTebas leqsis danarCen nawilebTan. Tqveni azriT, igi
mTlianad gamomdinareobs leqsidan Tu mis gasagebad da asaxsnelad kidev raRac mo-
sazrebaa mosaxmobi?
detalebis xelovneba
sayvareli adamianis dakrZalvisas viRaca gogos fics gaaxsenebs: `ra uyav fici, gogonav,
Cahyev, vis meelodebi?~ magram vin ra icoda, ra Sehfica gogom vaJs? Cveulebriv xom Seyvare-
bulebi aseT Temebze sajarod ar laparakoben? maS, vis unda Seexsenebina fici gogosTvis?
Tqveni azriT, avtoris SecdomasTan gvaqvs saqme Tu es erTgvari mxatvruli pirobiTobaa da
gogos sakuTari sindisi axsenebs fics?
daakvirdiT poetis daskvnas.

Tqveni azriT, amarTlebs Tu ara igi gogos mier ficis gatexvas? rogor? Tqvens komen-
tars mieciT werilobiTi saxe.
stumari
IV Tavi
229
avtoris Sesaxeb
`faqtebis garegnuli mdinarebis TvalsazrisiT galaktion tabiZis

cxovreba TiTqos arafriT gamoirCeoda. im zomamdec ki, rom misi biogra-
fiis dawerac saZnelo saqmed aris qceuli. oRond kacis cxovreba is xom
ar aris mxolod, Tu rodis sad binadrobs, rodis romel geografiul
punqts ewveva, rodis vis xvdeba, ras Wams da ras svams. kacis cxovreba mTli-
anobaSi maSin aris CvenTvis cnobili, roca am garegnul faqtebTan erTad
galaktion misi fsiqikis, misi sulis asaval-dasavalsac vicnobT ase Tu ise.
tabiZe
xolo galaktion tabiZis cxovrebas erTob mciredni Tu icnobdnen
1891_1959
sinamdvileSi. is, rac garegnulad vlindeboda an rogorc gareSeni
aq ar sufevda
kacT sixaruli, aRiqvamdnen (da Semdeg Cven gviziarebdnen), arcTu iSviaTad karikatura
arc kacTa ufro iyo, vidre WeSmariti xati poetis sulisa~.
vrceli tanjva-
revaz TvaraZe
wvaleba,
da sikvdilis
dros gahqra
yovelgvar
gamocanaTa
idumaleba. galaktion tabiZe
g. tabiZe
mesaflave
mesaflave, Sen ambob, rom qveyanaze vinc ki kvdeba,

imwuTSive misi Crdili yvela Cvengans aviwydeba?
eh, ar mjera me eg raRac... momabezre kidec Tavi,
da Sewyvite, Tu RmerTi gwams, eg dacinva gulsaklavi.
vardis Tvea, maisia, norC balaxebs sio arxevs,
xeebs yvavilT TeTri gundi, rogorc Tovli, ise awevs.
mze narnari sxivebs afrqvevs da siTboSi mTa-bars axvevs.
yvavilebiT moqargula aremare momxiblavi.
vera xedav, im saflavze rogor tiris oblad qvrivi?
rarig Svenis axalgazrda qals eg sevda RvTaebrivi!
gana guSin ar iyo, rom am moklulma dardiT qalma
cremli Rvara, roca satrfo civ samares miesalma.
dResac igi im samares gulmokluli dahqviTinebs,
dRiT ar icis mosveneba da RamiTac ar iZinebs.
mova xolme da dajdeba civ samaris gaSlil qvaze.
dardiT aris gaJRenTili misi uRvTo silamaze.
Tmas gaiSlis, daemxoba da cremlebi scviva, scviva...
suls miSfoTebs eg qviTini, guli mtkiva, guli mtkiva!
magram ra vqna? mesaflave, Cumad iyav, ugde yuri...
gesmis, gesmis, rogor kvnesis daRlili da ubeduri?
stumari
`gavqre ise, rogorc nisli, rogorc Ramis moCveneba,

ar meRirsos kvalareuls simSvide da mosveneba.
Seni saxe guls kawravdes, rogorc viyo, sadac viyo,
IV Tavi
Tu rodisme ar maxsovde, Tu rodisme dagiviwyo!”

mesaflave, kidev ityvi, rom am qveynad vinc ki kvdeba,
ai, Tundac, galavnisas mesaflave aRebs karebs,
230 axalgazrda vinme vaJi kidev satrfos asamarebs.
gulmokluli Zvirfas kubos ar scildeba, ar Sordeba.
gana rosme sxva amgvari siyvaruli meordeba?
usazRvroa misi sevda, usazRvroa mwuxareba.
da gadmosCqefs gulmoklul vaJs TvalTgan cremlTa mduRareba.
ficiT ambobs: òh, SeSfoTdes samareSi Cemi Zvlebi,
ar aTbobdes Cems samares gazafxulis mzis sxivebi.
gavqre ise, rogorc nisli, rogorc Ramis moCveneba,
ar meRirsos kvalareuls simSvide da mosveneba.
Seni saxe guls kawravdes, sadac viyo, rogorc viyo,
Tu rodisme ar maxsovde, Tu rodisme dagiviwyo!”
mesaflave, kidev ityvi, rom am qveynad vinc ki kvdeba,
im wuTSive misi Crdili yvela Cvengans aviwydeba?
is qali ki, weRan rom vTqvi, isev modis TmagaSlili
da samares dauviwyars Tavs adgeba, viT aCrdili.
xelSi vardis mTeli buCqi, jer iseve daumWknari,
moaqvs, rom miT daamSvenos samarisa TeTri jvari.
oh, es qali albaT dardiT yvaviliviT Wkneba, Wkneba,
sevdas saxe daufaravs da siyviTle epareba.
sacodavi! Tvalebsac ki dasCnevia uZiloba, _
ase xdeba, roca RamiT mogonebebs iwvevs grZnoba!
exla? exla kidev ityvi, rom am qveynad vinc ki kvdeba,
da is vaJic, guSinwin rom miabara satrfo saflavs,
ar scildeba sasaflaos, sevdians da gulmosaklavs.
saxe Taflis sanTels ugavs, sanTeliviT dneba, dneba,
Tavs dascqeris dauviwyars, glovis sityvas eubneba.
mis Tvalebsac dasCnevia Ramis Teva, uZiloba, _
ase xdeba, roca RamiT mogonebebs iwvevs grZnoba!
mesaflave, exlac ityvi, rom am qveynad vinc ki kvdeba,
dRes im qalma gulmoklul vaJs uneburad mohkra Tvali,
gaifiqra: ìsic Cemebr tiris cremlebSeumSrali,
uZiroa kacis sevda, uZiroa kacis guli,
ras ar iTmens siyvarulis cxovel naTels moklebuli”. –
ase ambobs sevdiani qalis cisfer TvalTa cqera,
albaT vaJsac am usityvo cqeram guli auZgera...
ase icis TanagrZnobam... Sen ki ise iRimebi,
TiTqos marTla ibmebodes imaT Soris is simebi,
romlis ZaliT ori guli samudamod SeerTdeba...
eh, ar mjera, me eg raRac, qveynad egre rodi xdeba.
roca ficiT acileben micvalebuls samaremde,
fics ar texen... fics ar texen ukanasknel yofnis dRemde.
stumari
gamigone, mesaflave, Sen ar ici kacis dardi,

Torem raa, Cems Tqmaze rom suleliviT axarxardi?!
ra vuyoT, rom im vaJma qals moutana norCi vardi
IV Tavi
da mwuxared wasCurCula: `Semiyvardi, Semiyvardi.

Cven erTi gvaqvs mwuxareba, SevaerToT sulTan suli...
gamomyevi qalo colad... Zlieri maqvs siyvaruli...
marTalia, is satrfoni arc Sen, arc me aRara gvyavs,
magram maTi mogoneba ver gaarRvevs uxmo saflavs. 231
daviviwyoT is warsuli, satirali, savalalo,
da axali SevqmnaT yofna... gamomyevi colad, qalo!”
daucade, mesaflave, Tu ra pasuxs miscems qali.
Sen ggonia, raki vaJma daiviwya Tavis vali,
qalic ase moiqceva? me mgonia _ ara, ara...
gana guSin ar iyo, rom satrfo miwas miabara?
mkvdris aCrdilTan vin icinis. mkvdris aCrdilTan vin ixumrebs?
ai, naxav _ abezar vaJs ra pasuxiT gaistumrebs!
magram qali, RmerTo Cemo, morcxvad Tavs xris da CurCulebs
`Tanaxma var! erTaderTi momavali masuldgmulebs...
Cven erTi gvaqvs mwuxareba, nu vigonebT dros ubedurs,
me Seni var samudamod... wamiyvane sadaca gsurs”...
mesaflave, exla ki gaqvs neba, rac gsurs, kvlav igi Tqva...
samudamod asamarebs kacTa xsovnas samaris qva.
albaT qal-vaJs dRes erTi aqvs bina... xedav, gadis xani,
ar naxulobs sasaflaos dRes arc erTi imaTgani.
saflavTagan mtvers da balaxs dRes aravin ar acilebs
da movlasTan erTad feri warTmeviaT vard-yvavilebs...
ganisveneT, ganisveneT, daviwyebul arsTa Zvlebo,
Tqvens yofnaSi ar ereva cocxalT fiqri saarsebo...
ganisveneT, Zlieri da ukvdavia Tqveni Zili.
raRad undaT, rad sWiriaT Tqvens saflavebs vard-yvavili?
an ras gargebT mokvdav kacTa samudamo cremlTa frqveva?
ZiliT veRar gamogarkvevT verra Zala, verc SemTxveva.
ase xdeba qveyanaze _ yvela cocxlobs, yvela kvdeba.
da vai mas, vis sikvdili sicocxleSiv aviwydeba.
zarsa scemen ... im ors, romelT daiviwyes bedi mwvave,
im ors erTad gadavercxlil kuboSi sWeds mesaflave...
sWeds da raRac mware fiqrze Tan velurad iRimeba _
icis, icis mesaflavem, rogorc unda... rogorc xdeba...
Tqvens yofnaSi me bevri maqvs mwuxare Jams saocnebo!
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
stumari
daakvirdiT, leqss poetsa da mesaflaves Soris kamaTis forma aqvs, romelSiac marcxdeba
poeti. magram, cxadia, xvdebiT, rom es erTgvari mxatvruli pirobiTobaa _ ubralod, avtori
am formiT gamoxatavs Tavis saTqmels.
IV Tavi
Tqveni azriT, ratom irCevs poeti aseT formas?

mesaflavis realizmTan marcxdeba poetis romantizmi. Tqveni azriT, aseTi konfiguracia
SemTxveviTia Tu amiT raRac garkveul informacias gvawvdis galaktion tabiZe?
232
interpretacia
vaJa-fSavelas leqss hqvia `mogoneba~, galaktion tabiZisas _ `mesaflave~. gaixseneT, ra

iswavleT I TavSi saTauris poetikis Sesaxeb da imsjeleT, ramdenad warmatebulad migaCniaT es
saTaurebi. SeecadeT orive leqsi Tavad daasaTauroT.
CamoayalibeT leqsis avtoris pozicia da daurTeT Tqveni komentari. davaleba Seasru-

leT werilobiT.
paraleli
vaJa-fSavelaca da galaktion tabiZec, TavianT leqsebSi faqtobrivad, erTsa da imave prob-

lemas amuSaveben. imisaTvis, rom davalebis Sesruleba gagiadvildeT, CamowereT orive avto-
ris Tvalsazrisi da imsjeleT, riTi hgvanan an gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisagan es mosazrebebi.
Tvalsazrisi
vaJa-fSavelasa da galaktion tabiZis warmodgenil leqsebze kritikos akaki baqraZes

(1928_1999) gamoTqmuli aqvs Tavisi Tvalsazrisi, romelsac aqve gTavazobT:
buneba da metabuneba
qarTul poeziaSi aris ori leqsi. isini SinaarsiT hgvanan erTmaneTs, oRond sruliad gan-
sxvavebulia maTi daskvna. erTi gaxlavT vaJa-fSavelas `mogoneba~, xolo meore _ galaktion
tabiZis `mesaflave~.
vaJas leqsSi qali fics aZlevs nandaurs _
Tu Sen ar gxedav cocxalsa,
arc me var cocxlad damrComi,
cocxali Tan Camogyvebi,
saflavSi dagetanebi...
moxda ubedureba: vaJi gardaicvala. glovam moicva sofeli. qalic mduRared atirda. ro-
ca vaJis kubo saflavSi CauSves, qals fici gaaxsenes:
_ ra uyav fici, gogonav,
Cahyev, vis meelodebi?
_ sad gavyve, Zmao, ras vargeb,
mkvdars ra uSvelo amiTa.
ara, me sicocxle minda,
unda vicocxlo WiriTa...
marTalia, fici gatyda, magram qali Tavs imiT imarTlebs, rom vaJis xsovnas mouvlis da
Seinaxavs. marTlac, erTi weliwadi Tavs dastrialebda qali vaJis saflavs, iglovda, sanTels
unTebda. magram, midioda dro da TandaTan icvleboda Wirisuflis guneba-ganwyobileba.
stumari
gogos swadia ipovnos

pirvelis msgavsi gvamia;
msgavsi pirvelis mijnuris
IV Tavi
TvaliTa, tanadobiTa...
gamoaSkaravda qalis pirumtkicoba. TiTqos ambis ganviTarebis logika iTxovs sasowar-
kveTil daskvnas. moxda Ralati, ar uerTgula qalma vaJs. TiTqos leqsSi unda iyos mamxilebeli
paTosi, magram sxva daskvnas akeTebs vaJa. igi aRtacebulia bunebis kanonzomierebiT, romelic
sicocxlis aucilebel gamarjvebas gulisxmobs. 233
RmerTma giSvelos, sikvdilo,
sicocxle Svenobs SeniTa,
da Senc, sikvdilo, fasi gZe
sicocxlis nawyenobiTa.
sicocxle siyvaruliTa
da siyvaruli sicocxliT,
uerTurTisod verc erTsa
ver vicnobT, verc ros vicnobdiT.
qalis saqcieli vaJas miaCnia ara ficis gatexvad, aramed sicocxlis siyvarulis gamovle-
nad, sicocxlis uZlevelobis gamomJRavnebad. iq, sadac ugunureba qalis orgulobas xedavs,
namdvilad bunebis didi kanonzomiereba sufevs. es iwvevs vaJas aRtacebas. cocxali rom micva-
lebuls emsxverplos, es erTguleba ki ar iqneba, aramed sikvdilis gamarjveba da amdenad
borotebis zeimic.
axla galaktionis mesaflaves davakvirdeT.
qalma samares miabara mijnuri. usazRvroa misi mwuxareba, unugeSoa misi glova. vaJis saf-
lavze fics debs:
gavqre ise, rogorc nisli, rogorc Ramis moCveneba.
ar meRirsos kvalareuls, simSvide da mosveneba.
Seni saxe guls kawravdes, rogorc viyo, sadac viyo,
Tu rodisme ar maxsovde, Tu rodisme dagiviwyo.
ymawvilma kacma daasaflava satrfo. isic sasowarkveTili tiris. isic iZleva ardaviwye-
bis fics. mesaflaves arc qalis sjera da arc vaJis. igi Rrmad aris darwmunebuli, rom orive
daarRvevs fics. amitom mesaflave undod da cinikurad aris ganwyobili. poets ar sjera me-
saflavesi. igi jer rwmeniT acxadebs:
roca ficiT acileben micvalebuls samaremde,
fics ar stexen... fics ar stexen ukanasknel yofnis dRemde.
magram gamtyunda poeti. gamarTlda mesaflaves sityva. qal-vaJs erTmaneTi Seuyvarda. da-
aviwydaT gardacvlilni.
...daviviwyoT is warsuli, satirali, savalalo,
da axali SevqmnaT yofna, gamomyevi colad qalo...
...Tanaxma var. erTaderTi momavali masuldgmulebs...
Cven erTi gvaqvs mwuxareba, nu vigonebT dros ubedurs,
me Seni var samudamod... wamiyvane, sadaca gsurs...
rogorc vxedavT, ambavi aqac ise viTardeba, rogorc vaJas leqsSia. bunebis kanonzomiere-
bam gaimarjva. magram es ar axarebs `mesaflavis~ avtors. igi guldawyvetili da gulgatexili
morCilad ambobs:
mesaflave, exla ki gaqvs neba, rac gsurs kvlav igi Tqva...
samudamod asamarebs kacTa xsovnas samaris qva.
...
Tqvens yofnaSi me bevri maqvs, mwuxare Jams saocnebo.
stumari
es sevda aRZrulia imiT, rom adamianis saqcielis ukan galaktions ar surs aRmoaCinos
bunebis kanonzomiereba. ufro sworad, miiRos, iwamos es kanonzomiereba. damorCildes mas.
erT leqsSi galaktioni Seupovrad moiTxovs:
IV Tavi
kvdoma bunebis wesia,

magram Cems gulSi asea:
nu kvdeba, rac ubrZnesia,
nu kvdeba, rac lamazia.
234 (*** im sivrces, haerovani...)
roca bibliuri Tqmuleba gviambobs, rom RmerTma adamiani Tixisagan (miwisagan) gamoZer-
wao, aq igavuri eniT mecnieruli codnis garkveuli donea gamovlenili. marTlac, dRes mecni-
ereba udavod aRiarebs, rom adamianis sxeulSi aris Jangbadi, naxSirbadi, wyalbadi, azoti,
kaliumi, fosfori, gogirdi, natriumi, magniumi, rkina, iodi, qlori, manganumi da a.S. es is
elementebia, romelic miwaSi moipoveba. gamodis, rom adamiani marTlac miwisagan aris moze-
lili (daakvirdiT Tqmas _ miwa xar da miwad iqec), amitom isic bunebrivia, rom miwa adamians
vals sTxovs da kacic ver gaqcevia mas. magram bibliur TqmulebaSi, isev igavuri eniT, mecnie-
ruli codnis sxva donec aris gamomJRavnebuli. miwisagan gamoZerwil adamians RmerTma zeci-
uri suli STabera. dRevandeli mecniereba amasac adasturebs (marTalia, araerTxmad, magram
bevri aRiarebs), rom adamianis cnobiereba scildeba mecnierebis sazRvrebs da SeuZlebelia
misi axsna fiziko-qimiuri procesebiT. maSasadame, adamianSi aris ori sawyisi _ bunebiseuli
da metabunebiseuli. adamianis metabunebiseuli sawyisia is, rac bunebiseul kanonzomierebas
ebrZvis. amitom gvxiblavs Cven mindiasa1 Tu dorian greis2 metabunebiseuli sawyisi, romelic
erkineba bunebis kanonzomierebas. Tumca maTi brZola ara marto garemomcvel samyarosTan
mimdinareobs, aramed sakuTar gaorebul me-sTanac. Tu sazogadoeba ase Tu ise wvdeba bunebis
kanonzomierebas, misTvis sruliad ucnobia metabunebis kanonzomiereba. amitom ver ugebs
sazogadoeba im adamians, vinc Tundac gumaniT igrZno metabunebis kanonzomiereba. roca dad-
geba dro da sazogadoeba metabunebis kanonzomierebis codnas metnaklebad SeiZens, maSin min-
dias, dorian greis da maT msgavsTa cxovreba marcxiT aRar damTavrdeba. isic unda vifiqroT,
rom, Tu bunebis kanonzomierebis Secnoba da miReba adamians imediT aRavsebs (vaJas _ `RmerTma
giSvelos sikvdilo..~), kidev meti optimizmis safuZveli gaxdeba metabunebis kanonzomierebis
Secnoba-miReba da galaktionis SeZaxili _ `nu kvdeba, rac ubrZnesia, nu kvdeba, rac lamazia~ _
aRar iqneba sasowarkveTili adamianis auxdeneli ocneba.
akaki baqraZe
1981
analizi
1. akaki baqraZis daskvna vaJa-fSavelas leqsze aseTia: `qalis saqcieli vaJas miaCnia ara
ficis gatexvad, aramed sicocxlis siyvarulis gamovlenad, sicocxlis uZlevelobis
gamomJRavnebad. iq, sadac ugunureba qalis orgulobas xedavs, namdvilad bunebis didi
kanonzomiereba sufevs. es iwvevs vaJas aRtacebas. cocxali rom micvalebuls emsxverp-
los, es erTguleba ki ar iqneba, aramed sikvdilis gamarjveba da amdenad borotebis
zeimic~.
xolo galaktion tabiZis leqsze daaskvnis: `...adamianis saqcielis ukan galaktions ar surs
aRmoaCinos bunebis kanonzomiereba. ufro sworad, miiRos, iwamos es kanonzomiereba. damor-
Cildes mas. erT leqsSi (*** im sivrces, haerovani...) galaktioni Seupovrad moiTxovs:
kvdoma bunebis wesia,
magram Cems gulSi asea:
nu kvdeba, rac ubrZnesia,
nu kvdeba, rac lamazia~.
stumari
SeadareT, emTxveva Tu ara kritikosis Tvalsazrisi Tqvens daskvnebs.
Tu gansxvaveba aSkaraa, dafiqrdiT, romeli Tvalsazrisi ufro damajerebeli geCvene-

baT, Tqveni Tu kritikosisa? ratom?
IV Tavi
1
mindia _ vaJa-fSavelas `gvelismWamelis~ personaJi.
2
oskar uaildis (1854_1900) _ irlandieli mwerlis romanis `dorian greis portretis~ personaJi.
235
nebismier SemTxvevaSi _ sakuTar Tvalsazrisze rCebiT Tu kritikosisas iziarebT _
Tqveni pozicia daasabuTeT.
2. kidev erTxel waikiTxeT akaki baqraZis eses bolo abzaci.
mokle Tezisebis saxiT CamoayalibeT, ras gulisxmobs kritikosi, roca ambobs, rom
àdamianSi aris ori sawyisi _ bunebiseuli da metabunebiseuli. adamianis metabunebise-
uli sawyisia is, rac bunebiseul kanonzomierebas ebrZvis~.
SeecadeT Tqveni piradi gamocdilebidan moiyvanoT magaliTi, rogor ebrZvis adamianSi

metabunebiseuli sawyisi bunebiseul kanonzomierebas.
ratom ver ugebs sazogadoeba im adamians, vinc Tundac gumaniT igrZno metabunebis
kanonzomiereba? Tqveni azriT, pirovneba yovelTvis win uswrebs sazogadoebas Semec-
nebaSi? ratom?
diskusia
daakvirdiT: kritikosis TqmiT, vaJa-fSavelas `RmerTma giSvelos, sikvdilo...~ sxva ara-

feria, Tu ara poetis mier bunebis kanonzomierebis SecnobiT gamowveuli optimizmi. ìq, sa-
dac ugunureba qalis orgulobas xedavs, namdvilad bunebis didi kanonzomiereba sufevs. es
iwvevs vaJas aRtacebas. cocxali rom micvalebuls emsxverplos, es erTguleba ki ar iqneba,
aramed sikvdilis gamarjveba da amdenad borotebis zeimic~, _ wers akaki baqraZe.
dafiqrdiT: rogor xdeba CvenSi, sazogadoebrivi azri aseT dros qalis saqcielSi orgu-
lobas xedavs Tu ara?
dasavlur sazogadoebaSi?
rogoria Tqveni piradi damokidebuleba am problemisadmi?
pozicia
***
maTes saxareba 26.52:
`yovelTa, romelTa aRiRon maxuili, maxuiliTa warwymden~.
maTes saxareba 5.39:
`xolo me getyui Tquen: ara winaaRdgomad borotisa: aramed romelman gces Sen yurim-alsa
Sensa marjuenesa, miupyar mas erTkerZoica~.
romaelTa mimarT 12.17:
`nuvis borotsa borotisa wil miagebT. winaiswar ganizraxevdiT keTilsa winaSe yovelTa
kacTa~.
gaiazreT wminda werilidan moyvanili am sami citatis arsi da rveulSi CaiwereT.

stumari
***
vladimer soloviovi3:
`qristianoba arsad ar krZalavs samSoblos iaraRiT xelSi dacvas, magram roca mociqul-
Tagan yvelaze mamacma4 moindoma xorcSesxmuli WeSmaritebis maxviliT dacva, gaigona: `dadev
IV Tavi
maxuili qarqaSsa!~
3
vladimer soloviovi (1853_1900) _ rusi filosofosi.
236 4
igulisxmeba petre mociquli.
raze amaxvilebs yuradRebas rusi filosofosi? rogor ukavSirdeba misi gamonaTqvami
wminda werilidan moyvanil citatebs? Tqveni Tvalsazrisi mokled CaiwereT.
***
dimitri uznaZe (1886_1950):
`Cveni Cveulebrivi azrovneba sikvdils uaRresad borotebisa da ubedurebis saxeliT naT-
lavs. misTvis sikvdili verafriT gamarTldeba. amitom praqtikuli cxovrebis niadagze gan-
viTarebuli sindisi mkvlels, rogorc udidesi borotebis gamomwvev mizezs, udidesi sasje-
lis Rirsad aRiarebs. magram iwyeba omi... da Cveni azri da grZnoba Zirfesvianad icvleba. igi
Cveni sulis samkvidros morevSi mZlavr qariSxlad trialdeba, Cveulebriv dros gaWedil
RirebulebaTa mwyobri sistema erTbaSad niavdeba, misi SemaerTebeli da damasrulebeli Zala
_ sindisi Zirfesvianad iryeva; da mtris sikvdili sasiqadulo da sanatreli ambiT epkureba
Cvens smenas. erT dRes asi aTasobiT isriseba adamianis norCi sicocxle, xmeba gulSi darguli
vardebi imedebisa, da yvela es sxva dros rom boRmiT avsebda Cvens arsebas, axla sanetarod
gagvxdomia, da Tu vinmem Tavi isaxela mtris banakis musris gavlebiT, Cven sasiqadulod mig-
vaCnia misi `raindoba~... da rac ufro metad damRupveli iqneba mtrisTvis misi maxvili, miT
ufro metad vajildovebT mas. sxva dros erTi kacis mkvlelic sakvirveli sisastikiT isjeboda,
radganac Cveni gonebis Tvali sikvdilSi udides borotebas Wvretda; mkvleli TiTiT saCvene-
beli iyo yvelasaTvis, rogorc ugvano da damnaSave, axla ki aTasi kacis sisxlSi amobanili
xeli gmirisa da keTilismyofelis xelad gveCveneba~.
ivane javaxiSvili5:
`kacobriobas TviToeuli mkvleloba yovel Jams codvada da saaugod ar miaCnda. rogorc,
magaliTad, exlac brZolis dros, omSi mtris mokvla aramcTu danaSaulad, aramed piriqiT
sasaxelo saqmed iTvleba, xolo Tavis moqalaqis mkvlelsa da damkodvels TviToeuli
saxelmwifo mkacrada sjis~.
gaiazreT dimitri uznaZisa da ivane javaxiSvilis Tvalsazrisebi. mokled CaiwereT, ras

amboben qarTveli mecnierebi. axseniT, bunebrivia Tu ara amgvari viTareba? ratom iqceva
kacobrioba ase? Tqveni azriT, arsebobs Tu ara raime winaaRmdegoba kacobriobis aseT
poziciasa da wminda werils Soris? am logikur jaWvSi CasviT v. soloviovis msjelobac.
amjerad ra adgils daikavebs misi pozicia?
***
VI msoflio saeklesio krebis Zegliswera:
`vinc nebsiT TvisiT da ganzraxviT kaci moklas da merme movides sinanulad da aRsarebad,
oc wel uziarebel iyos... xolo oci igi weli sinanulisa misisa esreT ganewesos: oTx wel Tana-
aZs Setireba, _ ese igi ars, raTa sdges gareSe karTa eklesiisaTa da SemavalTa eklesiad
morwmuneTa evedrebodis locvad misTvis da aRiarebdis codvasa mas Tvissa. xolo Semdgomad
oTxisa mis wlisa msmenelTa Tana daewesos, romelni igi sdganan ezosa Sina eklesiisasa winaSe
sameufoTa bWeTa da ismenen wmidaTa werilTa sakiTxavsa... da xuT wel maT Tana sdges. da Svid
wel que-davrdomiT mvedrebelTa Tana ganvidodis, romelni igi sdganan Sinagan bWeTa
eklesiisa da odes diakonman xma hyos _ `kaTakmevelno6, ganvediT~, ganviden eklesiiT. da oTx
stumari
wel dadges morwmuneTa Tana, vidre aRsrulebamde Jamisa wirvisa, garna ara eziarebodis, xolo
odes wesi ese da kanoni aRasrulos, merme Rirs iqmnas ziarebasa~.
IV Tavi
5
ivane javaxiSvili (1876_1940) _ qarTveli istorikosi, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis daarsebis
iniciatori.
6
kaTakmeveli _ mounaTlavi.
237
basili kesarieli7:
`brZolaTa Sina qmnilni mkvlelobani mamaTa CuenTa ara Sehracxnes kaciskvlaTa Tana, ra-
meTu viTar Cemda sagonebel ars, Sendobai misces, viTarca siwmindisa da keTilad msaxure-
bisaTvis moRuaweTa. xolo keTil ars reca TanaganmzraxvobiT gankrZalulyofai maTi, viTarca
ara wmidaTai xeliTa, raiTa sam wel ganeyenen ziarebasa xolo~.
gaiazreT da mokled CaiwereT, ra pozicia aqvT am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT VI msoflio

saeklesio krebis Zegliswerasa da basili kesariels. rogori logikuri mimarTeba
arsebobs am Tvalsazrisebsa da ukve Camoyalibebul poziciebs Soris?
***
erTmaneTs SeujereT aqamde gamoTqmuli Tvalsazrisebi da Tqveni mosazrebebi. SeecadeT
es yvelaferi erT logikur msjelobad aagoT, gamokveTeT winaaRmdegobani, Tuki amgvari ram
aRmoaCineT da dawereT referati (ix. danarTi #5). sanam weras SeudgebodeT, qvemoT dasmul
SekiTxvebs upasuxeT:
arsebobs Tu ara winaaRmdegoba wminda werilsa da kacobriobis cxovrebis wess Soris?
qristianoba yovelgvar Zaladobas uaryofs, magram xerxdeba adamianebisa da saxelmwi-

foebis Zaladobis gareSe arseboba Tu vera? ratom?
ra moxdeboda, iseT patara qveyanas, rogoric saqarTveloa, romelsac mudam Tavisze

Zlier mowinaaRmdegeebTan uxdeboda urTierToba, brZolasa da Tavdacvaze uari rom
eTqva?
SeiZleba Tu ara, ase vTqvaT, ori erTmaneTTan SeuTavsebeli WeSmaritebis _ religiu-

risa da adamianuris _ arseboba davuSvaT?
Tqveni azriT, gadaulaxav winaaRmdegobasTan gvaqvs saqme Tu ara?
***
rekomendacia: visac am Temaze fiqris gagrZeleba surs, kargi iqneba, Tuki induri azrov-
nebis erT-erT mwvervals _ `bhagavadgitas~8 waikiTxavs.
`bhagavadgita~ warmoadgens Zvel indoeTSi Seqmnil, msoflioSi erT-erT uZveles da yve-
laze grZeli poemis, `mahabharatas~ meeqvse, bolo nawils. `mahabharataSi~ Sesulia maRali zne-
obrivi Rirsebis mqone moTxrobebi, legendebi, miTebi, filosofiuri gansjani da istori-
uli ambebi; magram es yvelaferi isea Sedgenili, rom bharatas samefo gvaris or ganatots
Soris ZmaTamkvleli omis ambis siuJetur qargas ar arRvevs.
Tavad `bhagavadgitas~ pretenzia aqvs, swored im kiTxvebs gasces pasuxi, romlebic zemoT
daisva.
stumari
IV Tavi
7
basili kesarieli (daaxloebiT 330_379) _ eklesiis mamaTagani, Teologi, mqadagebeli, mwerali.
8
`bhagavadgita~ kacobriobis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi wignia. evropa mas 1785 wels gaecno. dRes
evropul enebze `gitas~ aseulobiT Targmani arsebobs. qarTulad pirvelad Targmna Tamaz Cxenkelma,
238 meored _ levan ramiSvilma.
V Tavi
arCevani
arCevani
V Tavi
239
Sesavali
mas Semdeg, rac sabWoTa kavSiri daiSala da saqarTvelom damoukidebloba moipova, gar-
dauvali gaxda orientaciis arCeva. politikuri arCevani Tavidanve gakeTda _ Cvenma qveyanam
dasavluri orientacia airCia.
saerTod, Cveni qveynis swrafvas evropisaken sakmaod grZeli da dramatuli istoria aqvs.
mas Semdeg, rac 1453 wels Turqebma konstantinepoli aiRes da bizantiis imperiam arsebo-
ba Sewyvita, saqarTvelo danarCeni qristianuli samyarosgan didi xniT izolirebuli aR-
moCnda, ramac umZimesi Sedegebi gamoiwvia rogorc politikuri, ise kulturuli Tvalsaz-
risiT. swored am izolaciis garRvevas isaxavda miznad sulxan-saba orbelianis (1658_1725)
samwliani mogzauroba (1713_1716 wlebSi) italiasa da safrangeTSi, Tumca amaod _ aqedan ara-
feri gamovida.
Cvens qveyanaSi, rogorc politikuri, ise kulturuli TvalsazrisiT, axali xana iwyeba
1801 wlidan. politikurad saqarTvelo kargavs Tavisuflebas da ruseTis imperiis Semadgeneli
nawili xdeba, xolo kulturulad, marTalia, swored am droidan iwyeba qarTuli kulturis
evropeizacia, magram es procesi srulyofilad ver CaiTvleba. saqme is gaxlavT, rom
evropul civilizaciasa da kulturas uSualod ki ar vukavSirdebodiT, aramed rusuli
kulturis meSveobiT, romelic Tavad evropuli kacobriobis periferias warmoadgenda.
dasavlur samyarosTan pirdapiri kavSiris damyareba pirvelad SesaZlebeli gaxda mxo-
lod me-20 saukunis dasawyisSi, kerZod, 1918_1921 wlebSi, roca ruseTis imperiaSi dawyebu-
li didi politikuri qaosis meSveobiT saqarTvelom sami wliT moipova damoukidebloba.
magram male Cveni qveyana ruseTis imperiis memkvidre sabWoTa kavSiris SemadgenlobaSi aR-
moCnda da evropul samyarosTan urTierToba saerTod SeuZlebeli gaxda.
dasavluri faseulobebis sasargeblod arCevanis gakeTebis meore SesaZlebloba saqarT-
velos mxolod sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis anu 70 wlis Semdeg gauCnda. es procesi gasuli sau-
kunis 80-iani wlebis bolodan daiwyo.
dRes Cven swored dasavlur samyarosTan swrafi politikuri, ekonomikuri da kultu-
ruli integraciis periodSi vcxovrobT. magram evropuli faseulobebis gaTaviseba ioli
ar aRmoCnda. rogorc Cans, Cvensa da maT Soris arsebuli gansxvavebis gadasalaxad mxolod
survili ar aris sakmarisi. es procesi CvenSi sakmaod winaaRmdegobrivad mimdinareobs, rasac
bevri mizezi aqvs. garda politikuri an ekonomikurisa, arsebobs kulturuli xasiaTis mi-
zezebic.
saqme is gaxlavT, rom yoveli kultura saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi qmnis sakuTar faseuloba-
Ta sistemas, rac yoveldRiurobaSi adamianTa umravlesobis mier xSirad bolomde gaucnobi-
ereblad realizdeba. arsebobs epoqebi, roca, albaT, yvelafris gacnobiereba raRac sasi-
cocxlo aucileblobas arc warmoadgens, magram roca dgeba axali faseulobebis gaziarebis
dro, aucilebeli xdeba rogorc sakuTari, ise am axali faseulobebis safuZvliani gaazreba.
aseT SemTxvevaSi albaT dramatizmic iklebs da es urTulesi procesic SedarebiT umtkivneu-
arCevani
lod warimarTeba.
am TavSi warmodgenili rogorc qarTuli, ise ucxouri literaturis nimuSebis Seswavla,
saSualebas mogcemT movlenaTa zedapiridan maT siRrmeSi CaixedoT da bevri ram axali kuTxiT
V Tavi
dainaxoT. Tumca, cxadia, problema amiT ar amoiwureba. dakvirveba, analizi da daskvnebis

gamotana, nebismier SemTxvevaSi, Tavad unda gaagrZeloT.
240
§ I
avtoris Sesaxeb
àkaki baqraZem, rogorc mweralma da moRvawem, didi wvlili Seitana

gasuli saukunis meore naxevris qarTuli azrovnebis ganviTarebaSi. es
arsad da arasodes ar aris ioli, oRond gansakuTrebiT Zneli iyo sabWoTa
reJimis pirobebSi, magram akaki baqraZem mainc SeZlo amis gakeTeba, rad-
gan is Rirseuli da Tavisufali iyo yovelTvis yoveli saqcielisas, yo-
veli sityvis warmoTqmisas, RirsebiT savse da Tavisufali ara marto
akaki baqraZe xelisuflebis, aseve sazogadoebis mimarTac, rac kidev ufro Znelia.
1928_1999 mas arasodes gamouCenia pirmoTneoba sazogadoebis mimarT, arasodes
`verafriT ver Seulaxavs Rirseba.mas ar gauwevia angariSi sazogadebis umwifari az-
viswavleT, rom
azrTa sxvadasxva-
risTvis, rogorc grigol robaqiZe1 werda, `sazogadoebis udisciplino
oba, azrTa simrav- azrovnebisTvis~. mas SeeZlo sazogadoebrivi azris winaaRmdeg radika-
le da mravalfe- luri galaSqreba da martodmarto darCena. is iyo martomyofi da asketi.
rovneba, maTi Wi-
dili aucilebe-
vinc mas icnobda, dameTanxmeba. Tavisi cxovrebis wesiT is, SesaZloa,
lia, rogorc cal- ar mosCveneboda kacs tipur qarTvelad, is TiTqmis ganyenebuli iyo
keuli pirovnebis, tradiciulad gagebuli qarTvelobisgan, magram _ Tumca ufro swori
ise mTeli sazoga-
doebis winsvli-
viqnebiT, Tu vityviT, amitomac _ mas SeeZlo ufro Rrmad Seecno qar-
saTvis~. Tveloba, vidre vinme sxvas, Cafluls, rogorc am sxvas warmoudgenia,
a. baqraZe qarTvelobis stiqiaSi. swored es ganyenebuloba aZlevda mas amis Zalas.
mas SeeZlo garedan Seexeda misTvis da xelmwifuri TavisuflebiT ga-
moeTqva Tavisi azri. is eZebda ara Tavmomwoneobamde dasul TviTaRiarebas, aramed mkacr
obieqtur Sefasebas, iseTs, rogorc ucxoelis gareSe Tvali Seafasebda. SefasebaSi is
ulmobeli iyo, misdevda ra ilia WavWavaZis tradicias, romelic sabWoTa maameblurma
patriotizmma Camarxa da gadafara...~
zurab kiknaZe
akaki baqraZe
fxizeli gonebis Zala2
yvelaferi, razec saubari gveqneba, unda ganvsajoT Tavisufali, saRi, fxizeli gonebis
ZaliT, winaswarve agebuli azrisa Tu dogmis Tvinier. Tu ase moviqceviT, SevZlebT Tanda-
TanobiT mivuaxlovdeT simarTles... Cven unda SevecadoT qarTuli politikuri azris di-
neba ganvixiloT evropuli politikuri azris dinebis fonze. ratom maincdamainc evropuli
politikuri azris dinebis fonze da ara, vTqvaT, aziuri politikuri azrisa? aq minda Tqveni
arCevani
yuradReba mivapyro or garemoebas, romelnic, Cemi fiqriT, arsebiTi mniSvnelobisa gax-

lavT.
jer erTi: dRes yvelasaTvis ueWveli da cxadia, rom kacobrioba _ politikurad, ekono-
mikurad, iuridiul-socialurad, yofis kuTxiTac ki, _ viTardeba im principebisa da wesebis
V Tavi
1
grigol robaqiZe (1880_1962) _ qarTveli mwerali, 1932 wlidan imyofeboda emigraciaSi.
2
nawyveti akaki baqraZis leqciebis kursidan, romelic man 1991_1996 wlebSi waikiTxa quTaisis
universitetSi da romlis wignad gamocemac avtors aRar dascalda...
241
Sesabamisad, rac evropam Seqmna da Camoayaliba. isic minda giTxraT, rom roca èvropas~ vambob,
vgulisxmob romanul-germanuli modgmis xalxebis Seqmnil kulturas, Torem geografiul
evropaSi yalmuxebic cxovroben, CuvaSebic, komica da kidev ramdeni vinme, romelTac evropul
kulturasTan araferi aqvT saerTo. iseTi didi warsulisa da kulturis mqone xalxebic ki,
rogoric arian indoelebi, Cinelebi, iaponelebi, TavianT cxovrebas yvela TvalsazrisiT _
politikuri, ekonomikuri, socialuri, iuridiuli da a. S. _ awyoben evropuli cxovrebis wesis
Sesabamisad. cxadia, aRarafers vambob afrikis xalxebze. maSasadame, ZiriTadad da arsebiTad
kacobriobis cxovreba viTardeba im formebisa da wesebis Sesabamisad, rac evropulma, anu
romanul-germanuli modgmis xalxebis kulturam SeimuSava. amitom Cvenc evropuli
politikuri azris dinebis fonze unda ganvWvritoT qarTuli politikuri azris av-kargi.
meorec: pirobiTad SesaZlebelia azrovneba or saxeobad davyoT: pirveli _ religiur-
filosofiuri azrovneba da meore _ mecnierul-teqnikuri azrovneba. amis Sesabamisad ar-
sebobasac ori forma SeiZleba hqondas _ vita cantempltiva (WvretiTi cxovreba) da vita aetixce
(qmediTi cxovreba), rogorc filosofosebi amboben.
orive forma azrovnebisa da arsebobisa harmoniulad evropulma kulturam SeierTa da
Tanamedrove civilizacia Seqmna.
religiur-filosofiuri TvalsazrisiT, aziuri kultura arafriT Camouvardeba ev-
ropuls, zogjer aRemateba kidec. sakmarisia gavixsenoT, rom yvela msoflio religia aziaSi
Seiqmna _ budizmi, qristianoba, islami da sxvanic, SedarebiT naklebad gavrcelebuli sar-
wmunoebani. udidesi da uRrmesi arian arabuli, sparsuli, induri da Cinuri filosofiuri
moZRvrebani, literaturul-mxatvruli qmnilebani. magram Zalian mcirea aziis xalxebis
roli da adgili mecnierul-teqnikur azrovnebaSi. mecnierul-teqnikuri azrovneba arse-
biTad nayofia evropuli kulturisa. azrovnebis am mimarTulebis TiTqmis yvela udidesi
warmomadgeneli, yovel SemTxvevaSi, maTi gadamwyveti umravlesoba, romanul-germanuli
modgmis xalxebis Svilia.
kacobriobis ganviTareba da winsvla ki xdeba mecnierul-teqnikuri azrovnebis safuZ-
velze da ara religiur-filosofiuri azrovnebis safuZvelze.
aba, miaqcieT yuradReba!
iyo dro, roca adamiani arafers flobda. sakuTari ZalRonisa, qvisa da joxis imedad
iyo. fexiT, cxeniT, urmiT dadioda. axla igi nairnairi xelsawyo-iaraRis mflobelia. TviT-
mfrinavebiT, jaranebiT,3 kosmosuri xomaldebiT dafrinavs. telefoniT laparakobs, ra-
dios usmens, televizors uyurebs. sul male mzis sistemaSi arsebuli sxva planetebis da-
saxlebas daiwyebs. usazRvrod da usaSvelod gafarTovdeba misi Tvalsawieri.
am gamaognebel winsvlas adamianma mecnierul-teqnikuri azrovnebis wyaloba-saSuale-
biT miaRwia.
momajadoebelia, momxiblavia, mimzidvelia religiur-filosofiuri azrovneba. umaR-
les sulier siamovnebas aniWebs adamians masTan kontaqti, magram mas kacobriobis winsvlaSi
arsebiTi roli ar Seusrulebia.
vin moTvlis ramdeni saukunea qadagebs religia _ ara kac hklao, magram adamiani mainc
hklavs meore adamians. ufro uaresic: omebisa da revoluciebis saxiT gaugonar sasaklaoebs
awyobs.
arCevani
vin moTvlis ramdeni saukunea gvesmis _ ara iqurdoo, magram adamiani mainc iparavs. rac
dro gadis, qurdobis masStabebi izrdeba da izrdeba. araviTari piri ar uCans imas, rom
odesme parva-Zarcva moiklebs da Semcirdeba.
vin moTvlis ramdeni saukunea CagvCiCinebs religia _ ara imruSoo, magram adamiani ara
V Tavi
marto agrZelebs mruSobas, aramed prostitucia Semosavlian profesiad gamoacxada. misi

aRar ercxvineba da arc dasagmob saqmianobad miaCnia.
242 3
jaranebi _ vertmfrenebi.
uZvelesi droidan religia momakvdinebel codvad Tvlida sodomur garyvnilebas. Tavga-
metebuli ebrZoda mas, magram verafers gaxda. dRes mTel msoflioSi, yvelgan, Riad da aSkarad
laparakoben homoseqsualistTa uflebebis dasacavad. religiac egueba da eTviseba maT.
amaze rom vsaubrobT, peter altenbergis4 naTqvami maxsendeba:
`hercogma laroSfukom5 imdeni aforizmi dawera, gulwrfelad guli mwydeba, ratom me ar
momivida isini azrad, magram radgan isini sami saukunis ganmavlobaSi veravis veraferSi ga-
moadga, amitom mixaria, rom me ar gamiwevia es umaduri Sromao~.
erTi sityviT, adamianis buneba veraferma Secvala. rac yovelTvis iyo, is darCa da droTa
ganmavlobaSi, religiur-filosofiuri azrovnebis zemoqmedebiT misi srulyofa ar moxda.
sxva kuTxiTac SegviZlia SevxedoT religiur-filosofiur azrovnebas. verc iq davina-
xavT winsvlas; cvlilebas arsebiTsa da mniSvnelovans.
iciT, rom qristianuli moZRvreba RmerTs warmoadgens sampirovan erTarsebad. islami-
saTvis es gaugebaric aris da miuRebelic. saukuneebis manZilze mimdinareobs am sakiTxze maT
Soris dava-kamaTi, magram yvelaferi sawyis wertilze darCa. qristianebs Zveleburad sjeraT
RmerTis samsaxovaneba da muslimebs isev ar swamT amisi. paeqroba isev gagrZeldeba, isev
daiwereba uamravi wigni, magram viTareba ar Seicvleba. arc qristianebi daujereben muslimebs
da arc muslimebi _ qristianebs.
anda meore magaliTi gavixsenoT. ebraelebs ar sjeraT, rom qriste mesia iyo. ratom? imi-
tom, rom Zveli aRTqmis wignebis mixedviT, mesia is SeiZleba iyos, visi movlinebis Semdeg,
dedamiwis zurgze yvela boroteba moispoba. uborotebo samyaro Camoyalibdeba. qristes mov-
linebis Semdeg ase ar momxdara. rogorc mis mosvlamde sufevda boroteba am soflad, aseve
sufevs igi qristes mosvlis Semdegac. amitom ebraelebi iesos ar miiCneven mesiad. ra Tqma
unda, amas qristianebi ar iziareben da mkacrad ekamaTebian iudaistebs. es sityvisgebac ase-
uli wlebis manZilze mimdinareobs, magram Sedegi ar axlavs. arc iudaistebi icvlian azrs da
arc qristianebi.
amgvari uSedego dava-kamaTis, paeqrobis, diskusiis uTvalavi da auracxeli nimuSi SeiZ-
leba movixmoT, magram araviTari aucilebloba ar arsebobs amisa. isedac cxadi da gasagebia
TqvenTvis, rasac vambobT.
Zvel babiloniasa da egviptes ramdenime aTasamde weliwadi gvaSorebs, meti ara. am xnis
manZilze gaiara kacobriobam gza ziquratebiTa6 da piramidebiT dawyebuli da eleqtronikiTa
da kosmosuri teqnikiT damTavrebuli. da, rogorc ukve iTqva, am gzis gavla swored mecnierul-
teqnikuri azrovnebis Sedegad moxerxda. Torem sulieri TvalsazrisiT, ra sakiTxebic awa-
mebda `gilgameSianis~7 avtors, dResac igiveni gvawvaleben. am xnis manZilze adamianis sulieri
arsi ar Secvlila. an imdenad mcired Seicvala, rom yofierebaze zegavlena ar mouxdenia. isic
sakiTxavia, es sulieri arsi ra mimarTulebiT Seicvala _ ukeTesobisaken Tu uaresobisaken?
ufro maRal zneobriv ideals veziareT Tu, saerTod, zneobriobas eWvis TvaliT SevxedeT.
pasuxi uaRresad Znelia. cxadi mxolod is aris, rom civilizacia, romelic calmxrivi darCa,
gavrcelebis viwro areals ver gascda. is civilizacia ki, romelmac moaxerxa harmoniulad
SeeerTebina azrovnebis orive saxeoba _ religiur-filosofiuri da mecnierul-teqnikuri _
msoflios daeufla. evropul civilizaciaSi azrovnebis orive saxeoba Tanabari ZaliT arse-
bobs, aziurSi ki ara. aziurSi aSkarad ufro mZlavria religiur-filosofiuri azrovneba,
vidre mecnierul-teqnikuri. am kuTxiT azia dRes cdilobs gauTanabrdes evropas. magram ukve
arCevani
dagvianebulia. rogorc unda ganviTardes induri, Cinuri, iaponuri civilizacia, igi Tavs
veRar daaRwevs civilizaciis im formas, romelic evropam Seqmna. avtomobilebic, rkinigzebic,
TviTmfrinavebic, raketebic, kosmosuri teqnika saerTod, robotebic, televizorebic, te-
V Tavi
4
peter altenbergi (1859_1919) _ avstrieli mwerali.
5
hercogi laroSfuko (1613_1680) _ cnobili frangi moralisti.
6
ziqurati _ safexurebad agebuli sakulto koSki Zvel babilonsa da siriaSi.
7
`gilgameSiani~ _ uZvelesi Suamdinaruli eposi (Targmnilia qarTulad).
243
lefonebic da ase dausruleblad, evropuli civilizaciis nayofia. kacobrioba am civiliza-
ciaze uars veRarc ityvis da aRarc ityvis. piriqiT, ufro srulyofils da mravalmxrivs gaxdis
mas, Tundac imitom, rom kacobriobis uaxloesi mizani da amocanaa sxva planetebze mogzauro-
bac da dasaxlebac. amas ki ver ganaxorcielebs mecnierul-teqnikuri azrovnebis Tvinier. Tu
kacobrioba Svidi-rva aTasi wlis manZilze ziquratebidan da piramidebidan eleqtronikamde
da kosmosur teqnikamde mivida, warmoidgineT ra usazRvro Tvalsawieri ixsneba mis win moma-
valSi. am usazRvroebis gza evropulma civilizaciam gaxsna. amitom mogaxsenebT, rom qarTuli
politikuri azris ganviTareba evropuli politikuri azris ganviTarebis fonze unda ganvi-
xiloT-meTqi. maSin Cven mkafiod davinaxavT, rodis iara saqarTvelom danarCeni kacobriobis
kvaldakval, rodis CamorCa mas, rodis amovarda kalapotidan da istoriis orRobeSi CarCa.
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. miuxedavad imisa, rom akaki baqraZis teqsti zepirad wakiTxuli leqciis nawilia, Seg-
viZlia Tu ara, rom igi esed ganvixiloT? ratom?
2. Seesabameba Tu ara teqstis paToss saTauri? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
teqstis analizi
1. pirobiTad ramden saxeobad yofs akaki baqraZe azrovnebas da, Sesabamisad, adamianur
arsebobas? romelia es saxeobebi?
2. Tqveni azriT, rogori viTareba iyo da aris am TvalsazrisiT CvenSi? azrovnebis rome-
li saxeoba Warbobda?
3. eTanxmebiT Tu ara teqstis avtoris Tvalsazriss, romlis Tanaxmadac `religiur-fi-
losofiur azrovnebas kacobriobis winsvlaSi arsebiTi roli ar Seusrulebia~? ra-
tom?
4. Tqveni azriT, gadaWarbebiT xom ar afasebs akaki baqraZe evropuli civilizaciis rols
kacobriobis istoriaSi? igi wers: `kacobrioba dRes politikurad, ekonomikurad,
iuridiul-socialurad, yofis kuTxiTac ki viTardeba im principebisa da wesebis
Sesabamisad, rac evropam Seqmna da Camoayaliba~. sakuTari argumentebiT daasabuTeT an
uaryaviT es azri.
5. teqstis avtoris azriT, azia dRes cdilobs mecnierul-teqnikuri azrovnebis doniT
evropas gauTanabrdes, magram es ukve dagvianebulia. induri, Cinuri da iaponuri civi-
lizaciebi Tavs veRar daaRweven civilizaciis im formas, romelic dasavleTma Seqmna.
kargad gaiazreT da ganmarteT, rogor gesmiT avtoris mosazreba.
arCevani
diskusia
V Tavi
Tqveni azriT, adamianis buneba marTla veraferma Secvala da rac yovelTvis iyo, is darCa
Tu ara? am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT TqvenTvis xelmisawvdomi sxva wyaroebic gamoiyeneT da
moawyveT saklaso diskusia.
244
Tvalsazrisi
1. qarTvel filosofoss merab mamardaSvils ekuTvnis mosazreba,

romelic axla unda waikiTxoT da gaiazroT:
cocxali sxeuli7
ìm cocxali sxeulisaTvis, romelsac saqarTvelo hqvia da romlis nawi-

lic varT yvela, dadga Zalian mniSvnelovani istoriuli momenti. am momen-
tis gageba da axsna dakavSirebulia warsulis warmodgenasTan, pasuxTan ima-
ze, ra aris warsulis problema da ra warsuli laparakobs CvenSi. me vfiq-
merab
rob, rom CvenTvis, am sxeulisaTvis, dadga Jami garkveuli velidan gamos- mamardaSvili
vlisa da sxva velSi Sesvlisa. veli aris socialuri, istoriuli sivrce, das- 1930_1990
truqturebuli raRac ZalebiT. es Zalebi adamianebSi cxovroben, moqmedeben. `ramdeni Taobaa,
es aris paTosi, vnebebi, warmodgenebi, sulieri da fsiqikuri energiebi. am rac Cven vibade-
Zalebs yovelTvis aqvs raRac saxelmwifoebrivi niSani an gamarTleba. es aris, biT atmosferoSi,
romelic isea ga-
amave dros, am velis saxelmwifoebrivi Zalauflebis struqtura. CvenTvis JRenTili sis-
is veli, romelSic vicxovreT, aratradiciuli da ucxoa. es veli aris rusu- xliT, WuWyiTa da
li xelisuflebis veli, romelic Seiqmna daaxloebiT me-17 saukuneSi da dag- tyuiliT, rogorc
haeri, romelic
virgvinda sabWoTa xelisuflebis dros. mTavari idea am velisa is aris, rom
wvimis wveTebi-
yvelaze maRla dgas saxelmwifo da adamiani sxva araferia, Tu ara msaxuri Taa gajerebuli.
saxelmwifosi da saxelmwifoebrivi ideisa. es yvelaferi astruqturebs yo- veravis eqneba
veldRiur cxovrebas, cnobierebas, sulier struqturebs da ase Semdeg. pretenzia gamovi-
des am periodi-
sanam saqarTvelo SeuerTdeboda ruseTs, anu moxdeboda saqarTvelos dan da sxeulsa da
aneqsia, istoriul saqarTveloSi es struqturacia ar arsebobda. ruseTis sulSi ar ataros
imperiis mTavari elementi aris moCvenebiToba TviTon am xelisuflebisa. aseTi dabadebis
kvali~.
metwilad misi fsiqikuri Zala mdgomareobda imaSi, rom adamianebs, moqce-
m. mamardaSvili
ulT am struqturaSi, ar gaaCndaT realobis Segneba da gonieri orienta-
cia. TiTqos ubralo glexic ki Cavardnili iyo raRac mistikaSi, raRac ararealur, landebiT
mosil cnobierebaSi. es fiqciebi8, romelic Seadgens e.w. rusul suls, kargad daxata gogolma9.
Cven axla unda gadavideT sxva Zalebis velSi. sxvanairi Zalebi aris evropuli struqtu-
racia moqalaqeobrivi cxovrebisa da samoqalaqo cnobierebisa. sami veli arsebobs: aziaturi,
rusuli da evropuli. SemTxveviTi ki ar aris, rom Cveni mefeebi yovelTvis cdebodnen ruseT-
Tan urTierTobaSi. sparselebi da Turqebi ver atyuebdnen, rusebi atyuebdnen, imitom, rom
qarTvelobisaTvis sruliad ucnobi iyo es imperia. is ar iyo iseTi despoti, rogoric iyo
irani. tyuili ruseTis imperiis elementi iyo da es tradicia gagrZelda sabWoTa xelisufle-
bis dros. es CvenTvis araistoriuli da aratradiciulia, amitom unda moviSoroT da davub-
rundeT tradiciuls.
Cveni istoria da tradicia aris qristianuli.
evropa, am gagebiT, Sedegiani qristianuli eqsperimentia. evropuli kultura aris gamar-
jveba qristianobisa, im gagebiT ki ara, rom xalxi eklesiaSi dadis. qristianuli sulis kris-
talizacia sul sxvanairad xdeba evropul instituciebSi, sadac SeiZleba arc ixseniebodes
RmerTis saxeli, magram igi realizebulia urTierTobebSi, normebSi. adamianebma am eqsperi-
arCevani
mentis farglebSi aawyves normaluri cxovreba. Cven movwydiT amas, radganac dagvawva aziuri
tiraniebi da mere ruseTis velSi SevediT, romelic sxvanairad aris dastruqturebuli. me
vityodi, rom ruseTSi qristianulma ganaTlebam marcxi ganicada. Cven axla an aRvadgenT am
evropul azrovnebas, an daviRupebiT~.
V Tavi
7
es gaxlavT sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg saqarTveloSi dabrunebuli merab mamardaSvilis mier
wakiTxuli erT-erTi leqciis mcire nawili. publikacia moamzada nino natroSvilma.
8
fiqcia _ sinamdvilis Seuferebeli, gamogonili mdgomareoba, romelsac raime mizniT iyeneben
rogorc namdvils.
9
245
nikolai gogoli (1809_1852) _ rusi mwerali.
2. gTavazobT fragmentebs rusi moazrovnis nikolai berdiaevis10
esedan `ruseTis suli~, romelic merab mamardaSvilis mosazrebas
unda SeadaroT.
ruseTis suli11
(fragmentebi)
ruseTis istorias safuZvlad udevs mniSvnelovani legenda ucxoeli

variagebis mowvevis Sesaxeb, `radganac Cveni miwa didia da dovlaTiani, mag- nikolai
ram wesrigi ar aris!~. raoden damaxasiaTebelia rusi xalxisTvis es sabe- berdiaevi
diswero uunaroba da survilis uqonloba Tavad upatronos sakuTar miwas. 1874_1948
rus xalxs TiTqos unda ara Tavisufali saxelmwifo, Tavisufleba saxel- me
`me mudam vico-
di, rom Tavi-
mwifoSi, aramed Tavisufleba saxelmwifosgan, gaTavisufleba qveynis mow-
sufle
suflebaba Sobs
yobisgan. rus xalxs ar unda, rom iyos mxne mSenebeli; saxelmwifo saqmeebSi tanjvas, Tavi-
misi buneba ganisazRvreba, rogorc qaluri, pasiuri da morCili. is mudam suflebaze ua ua--
ris Tqma ki ac-
elodeba saqmros, qmars, mbrZanebels. pasiuri, receptuli qaluroba sa- xrobs tanjvas.
xelmwifo ZalauflebasTan mimarTebaSi Zalzed damaxasiaTebelia rusi xal- T a v i s u f l e b a
xisa da ruseTis istoriisaTvis. es savsebiT mtkicdeba rusuli revoluci- Zne lia, igi mZime
Znelia,
tvirTia. da ada-
iTac, romlis dros xalxi sulierad pasiuri da morCilia axali revolu- mianebic ad vi
vi--
advi
ciuri tiraniis mimarT, magram amave dros RvarZliT aris Sepyrobili. lad Tmoben mas,
arasaxelmwifoebrivi rusi xalxisaTvis saxelmwifo Zalaufleba mudam raTa gaiiolon
cxovreba~.
garegnuli principi iyo da ara Sinagani. amitom axdenda ruseTSi ase xSirad
n. berdiaevi
xelisufleba ucxo STabeWdilebas. rusi radikalebi da konservatorebi
erTnairad fiqroben, rom saxelmwifo ìsinia~ da ara `Cven~. isic Zalze damaxasiaTebelia, rom
ruseTis istoriaSi ar yofila iseTi movlena, rogoric raindobaa _ es vaJkacuri sawyisi. amas-
Tan aris dakavSirebuli pirovnuli sawyisis arasakmao ganviTareba. rus xalxs yovelTvis uy-
varda koleqtivis siTboSi, miwis stiqiaSi gaTqvefili cxovreba. xolo raindoba piradi Rir-
sebis grZnobas Wedavs, pirovnebas akaJebs.
***
ruseTSi klasebi da sazogadoebrivi wodebani sustad iyo ganviTarebuli da ar TamaSobdnen
im rols, rogorsac, Cveulebriv, dasavlur qveynebSi TamaSoben xolme. ruseTSi pirovneba
daTrgunuli iyo saxelmwifos uzarmazari zomebiT. is metad Znel moTxovnebs uyenebda rus
xalxs. biurokratiac saSinlad gaizarda.
***
pirovnuli sawyisi ar mJRavndeba rus xalxSi. aqedan gamomdinareobs maTi maradiuli da-
mokidebuleba ucxotomelebze. filosofiuri terminiT es niSnavs, rom ruseTs mamakacuri
sawyisi yovelTvis transcendenturad12 warmoudgenia da ara imanenturad13. ruseTi TiTqos
uZluria, raTa gaaformos sakuTari Tavisufali yofiereba, ar Seswevs Zala, raTa sakuTari Ta-
visgan pirovneba Camoayalibos. sakuTar niadagisaken mibruneba, erovnul stiqiaSi dabruneba
arCevani
advilad iRebs monobis xasiaTs. uZraoba reaqciad iqceva xolme. ruseTi satrfos, saqmros elo-
10
nikolai berdiaevi (1874-1948) _ rusi moazrovne. ruseTSi komunistebis gamarjvebis Semdeg emig-
V Tavi
rirda evropaSi.
11
`ruseTis suli~ n. berdiaevma gamoaqveyna 1918 wels, ruseTisa da mTeli evropisaTvis krizisul
epoqaSi. rusulidan Targmna qeTi niJaraZem.
12
transcendenturi _ cdis farglebs gareT arsebuli, SemecnebisTvis miuRweveli.
13
imanenturi _ sagnis an movlenisTvis Sinaganad damaxasiaTebeli, misTvis niSandoblivi, misi Sinagani
246
bunebidan gamomdinare.
deba, magram modis ara sabedo, aramed germaneli Cinovniki da eufleba mas. sulier cxovrebaSi
ruseTs xan marqsi14 ipyrobs, xan kanti15, xan Staineri16, xanac romeliRac ucxotomeli qmari.
esoden Tavisebur, uCveulo sulis qveyanas, rogoric ruseTia, mudam servilisturi17 da-
mokidebuleba hqonda dasavleT evropis mimarT. mas ar uswavlia evropisagan, Tu ra aris saWiro
da kargi. igi ar ziarebia evropul kulturas, rac misTvis erTgvari mxsnelis rols iTamaSebda.
samagierod, ruseTi monurad emorCileboda dasavleTs an veluri nacionalizmiT uaryofda
dasavlur kulturas. apoloni18, vaJkacuri tipis RmerTi, verafriT ver Camovida dionisur19
ruseTSi. rusuli dionisizmi barbarosulia da ara elinuri.
***
ruseTSi qristes suli, vaJkacuri msoflio logosi, datyvevebulia qaluri erovnuli
stiqiiT, rusuli miwiT, misi pirvelqmnili warmarTobiT. ase Seiqmna mSobel miwaSi, koleqtiur
erovnul stiqiaSi, cxovelur siTboSi ganzavebis religia. rusuli religiuroba, koleqtiuri
biologiuri siTbos religiuroba, ganicdeba rogorc mistikuri siTbo; aqedan gamomdinare,
rusul religiurobaSi sustad aris ganviTarebuli pirovnuli religiuri sawyisi. amgvari
religiuroba uaryofs vaJkacur, aqtiur sulier gzas. es ara imdenad qristes religiaa, ram-
denadac RvTismSoblis, mSobeli miwis, qaluri RvTaebis, sxeulebrivi yofis gamnaTebeli re-
ligia.
rusi xalxi religiaSi wmindanebs e. w. berebs eyrdnoba, romelTanac damokidebulebaSi
mxolod Tayvaniscemas unda ganicdidnen. rusi xalxi imis gafiqrebasac ki ver bedavs, rom
SeiZleba mibaZos wmindanebs; rom wmindanoba sulis Sinagani gzaa; rom es vaJkacuri nabiji
iqneba. rus xalxs surs ara imdenad wmindanoba, ramdenadac Tayvaniscemis gancda wmindanebis
winaSe. zustad iseve, rogorc unda ara Zalaufleba, aramed Zalauflebis qveS yofna. rusi
xalxis umravlesoba zarmacia religiur aRmasvlaSi. misi religiuroba dablobiviT sworia
da ara mTa-goriani. mas koleqtiuri saTnoeba ufro uadvildeba, vidre pirovnebis religiuri
wrToba. Tavisi saTnoebis sanacvlod rusi xalxi jildod iRebs simyudroves da koleqtiuri
cxovrebis siTbos.
kargad gaiazreT, ras gulisxmobs merab mamardaSvili, roca `velze~ laparakobs. filo-
sofosi saubrobs mTeli xalxisa Tu qveynebis mier Seqmnil velebze, magram, Tqveni az-
riT, SegviZlia Tu ara ufro mcire masStabis ama Tu im qalaqis, soflis an Tundac oja-
xisTvis damaxasiaTebel velebze visaubroT? daaxasiaTeT Tqveni ojaxis, soflis an qa-
laqisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli veli.
rogor axasiaTebs merab mamardaSvili rusuli xelisuflebis vels? ewinaaRmdegeba Tu

ara qarTveli filosofosis mosazreba n. berdiaevis eses fragmentSi gamoTqmul Tval-
sazriss? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
ra argumenti mohyavs `cocxali sxeulis~ avtors imis dasadastureblad, rom saqarTve-

losTvis ucxo iyo rusuli veli?
arCevani
14
karl marqsi (1818-1883) _ germaneli filosofosi komunisturi ideologiis Semqmneli, udidesi
zegavlena moaxdina XX saukunis azrovnebasa da msoflios istoriaze.
15
imanuel kanti (1724-1804) _ germaneli filosofosi, dasavluri azrovnebis erT-erTi burji.
16
rudolf Staineri (1861-1925) _ cnobili germaneli mistikosi, anTroposofiis (Sedgeba ori
V Tavi
berZnuli sityvisagan da niSnavs àdamianur sibrZnes~) Semqmneli.

17
servilizmi _ monuri qedmoxra, mliqvneloba, laqioba.
18
apoloni _ berZnuli miTologiis erT-erTi udidesi RmerTi, musikis, poeziisa da harmoniis RvTaeba.
19
dionise _ berZnul miTologiaSi mevenaxeobisa da meRvineobis RmerTi. romSi mas baxuss uwodebdnen.
Tanamedrove azrovnebaSi miRebulia apolonurisa da dionisuris, rogorc harmoniulisa da disharmo-
niulis, wesrigisa da uwesrigobis, racionalizmisa da Tavawyvetili instinqtebis dapirispireba.
247
ra niSniT ganasxvavebs qarTveli filosofosi erTmaneTisgan aziur da rusul velebs?
eTanxmebiT Tu ara aseT klasifikacias? ratom?
ra iyo ruseTis imperiis mTavari elementi? Tqveni azriT, im orasi wlis ganmavlobaSi,
romelic ruseTis imperiis SemadgenlobaSi gavatareT, moaxdina Tu ara Cvens cnobie-
rebaze zegavlena rusulma velma da misma mTavarma elementma? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
ras gulisxmobs merab mamardaSvili, roca evropul kulturas axasiaTebs rogorc qris-
tianobis gamarjvebas? merab mamardaSvilis msjeloba daakavSireT n. berdiaevis eses
fragmentTan. SeecadeT sakuTari argumentebiT gaamyaroT an uaryoT es mosazrebebi.
eTanxmebiT Tu ara qarTveli avtoris paToss, roca igi acxadebs, Cven axla an aRvadgenT
evropul azrovnebas, an daviRupebiTo? ratom?
erTmaneTTan daakavSireT akaki baqraZis, merab mamardaSvilisa da nikolai berdiaevis

teqstebi. Tqveni azriT, isini erTmaneTs gamoricxaven, dublirebas axdenen Tu avseben?
pasuxi daasabuTeT.
arCevani
V Tavi
248
avtoris Sesaxeb
ìm didi Sromis winasityvaobaSi, romelic XIX saukunis qarTuli lite-

raturis kvlevas isaxavs miznad, vaxtang kotetiSvili wers: `winasityvao-
bis dawera metwilad bodiSis moxdaa mkiTxvelis winaSe, zogjer ki _ moCve-
nebiTi Tavmdabloba, romlis ukanac imaleba avtoris qedmaRloba. minda da-
varwmuno mkiTxveli, rom am SemTxvevaSi arc bodiSs vixdi mis winaSe, da arc
qedmaRlobis gamoCena minda, radgan morigi muSa var Cveni ganaTlebis sfe-
vaxtang roSi. me gavakeTe is, risi gakeTebac SeiZleboda, da Tu mkiTxveli ar dakma-
kotetiSvili
yofildeba, es iqneba CemTvis sasixarulo, Cans rom Cveni azri momwifebula
1893_1937
da momavali gaakeTebs imas, ris gakeTebac am wignis avtorma ver SeZlo~.
ìstoria ufro
lamazia, vidre si- aseTi iyo vaxtang kotetiSvili literaturaSi.
namdvile. momav- cxovrebaSi?
lis zmaneba ane- `...inteligenturi garegnobis, daxvewili manerebis vaJkaci, Cinebu-
lebs awmyos sim-
Zafres. visac surs li oratori, megobari da, amave dros, momxiblavi Tamada, metyveleba hqon-
awmyos gageba, is da odnav Taviseburi, TiTqos enas ukidebso, magram es ar uSlida xels,
ganze unda gadges, brwyinvale oratoris saxeli hqonoda...~ (siko faSaliSvili).
rom SeZlos Se-
mowmeba. sokra- Tuki Tvals gadaavlebT ocdaaTiani wlebis literaturul presas, Se-
tes1 gamoTqma: ‘me niSnavT samwuxaro, gulsatken, sevdismomgvrel faqts: mwerlebi _ rCe-
is vici, rom arafe- ulnica da xmobilnic _ energiulad, JrJoliTa da facifuciT, rogorc
ri ar vici~, sxva
araferia Tu ara moWadrakeebi cugcvangis dros, ibrZvian Tavis gadasarCenad, Tundac sxvi-
ganze gadgoma. igi si CaZirvis xarjze. am kampaniaSi ar Cans vaxtang kotetiSvili _ arc gan-
sakuTar codnas cxadebas awers xels, arc `jaSuSebs~ gmobs, arc inaniebs, arc koleqtiur
gonebiT moSorda,
rom Semowmeba SeZ- suraTebSi Cans, arc... arc...
leboda. saakaZe2 magram ocdaCvidmetSi mainc gaaxsendaT, rom ar Canda imitom gaax-
ganudga saqarTve- sendaT...~
los, rom gamoeca-
da Tavisi qveyana. ivane amirxanaSvili
Caadaevma3 uaryo
ruseTi, rom gaego
igi.
v. kotetiSvili
vaxtang kotetiSvili
aziisaken
qarTuli xelovneba `mkvdar wertils~ jer ver gadascdenia.

Zveli, mtkice gzebi davkargeT. axali safuZveli fxvieria. RrmaT CavifaliT, garinde-
bulebs odnavRa gvesmis aleqsandre WavWavaZis4 Taris kvnesa.
qarTul xelovnebis dacarielebul darbazs aRaravin sdarajobs. mxolod `viRac~ fra-
kiT SeiWra Sig da kedlebidan xaliCebi Camoxsna. Cveni sulis ugzoobis dros, es `viRac~
frakiT mogvevlina da ikisra gzis gakvleva. mzes zurgi Segvaqcevina.
arCevani
1
sokrate (Zv.w. 469_399) _ Zveli berZeni filosofosi.
2
igulisxmeba giorgi saakaZe (1570_1629) _ politikuri da samxedro moRvawe; qarTul saistoro
wyaroebSi da dRevandel istoriografiaSic ar arsebobs erTgvarovani Sexeduleba `didi mouravis~
cxovrebisa da moRvaweobis Sesaxeb _ erTni fiqroben, rom is renegati iyo, sxvebs ki mis patriotizmSi
V Tavi
eWvi ar eparebaT.
3
petre Caadaevi (1794_1856) _ cnobili rusi moazrovne. 1836 wels gamoqveynebul `filosofiur we-
rilSi~ Caadaevma ruseTis roli da mniSvneloba msoflio istoriaSi ise uaryofiTad Seafasa, rom aman
mTel imperiaSi Sokismomgvreli reaqcia gamoiwvia, xolo Tavad Caadaevi giJad gamoacxades.
4
aleqsandre WavWavaZe (1786_1845) _ qronologiurad pirveli qarTveli romantikosi poeti, romlis
249
SemoqmedebaSi jer kidev sagrZnobia aRmosavluri motivebi.
im `viRacas~ jer almacerad Sexedes, Semdeg eWvianoba gaocebam Sescvala. gr. orbelianma5,
qarTul xelovnebis moxucma adiutantma, scada am `viRacis~ Sebruneba, mkvaxeTac SeuZaxa, magram
`viRacam~ frakiT ajoba. Semdeg SeeCvivnen kidec. dRes is `viRaca~ frakSi yvelam Seiyvara
TiTqmis.
da qarTul xelovnebas, romelsac qarTuloba aRaraSi etyoba, es `viRaca~ uSlis raRac
perspeqtivebs. òba~ _ ìzmiT~ karga xania Seicvala, da ase apireben gangrZobas. yvela evropi-
ulobis cieb-cxelebam Seipyro. yvelas unda binoklis Sefereba.
seni mZlavri aRmoCnda. imdenad mZlavri, rom gagebis unari dagvikarga. magaliTad: Tval-
akrul evropam, maniakur eqstazis dros azieloba rom velurobis sinonimad gamoacxada, is
`viRaca~ aplodismentebiT Sexvda. gaevropielebam psixozis xasiaTi miiRo.
evropam SegvSala da albaT wagvSlis kidec, Tu ase gagrZelda.
aziaSi myofni, evropidan vumzerdiT azias. mitom Cagviqra Semoqmedeba, mkvdar mimbaZve-
lobam ki dagvasneula.
ase iyo da aris. ase veRar gagrZeldeba.
kmara, gveyofa!
dadga dro mimoxedvis da mofiqrebisa.
`viRac~ rom movida da daepatrona Cvens xelovnebas, is `viRaca~ unda wavides. Tan unda
waiRos is binoklic, romelic evropas didad gvaCvenebda da azias patarad. azias isev aziis
mTebidan unda gadaxedva, Tunda ialbuzis da yazbegis gigantur koSkebidan. mxolod did si-
maRlidan gamoCndeba aRmosavleTis rTuli da Rirssacnobi cxovreba, xan mduRare da ficxi,
xan mdore da qancmileuli, xan mzesaviT gul-Ria da mocekvave, xan kavkasioniviT pirquSi da
Rrubliani.
evropis udidesi romantikosebi, goeTes6 mTavarsardlobiT, fiqriT mainc aRmosavle-
Tisken moemarTebodnen... Cveni patara `viRaceebi~ ki, garbodnen aqedan TavCaRunulni. magram
axali Taoba isev aziis Saragzas unda gaudges.
aqeT aris SoTas7 sasaxle, rumis8 lurji baRi da hafezis9 minareTi10. aq ismis Cveni Zveli
monastrebis zaris rekva, derviSebis11 monotonuri galoba da mueZinebis12 yivili meCeTis si-
maRlidan.
aq aris qveyana mogvebis, misnebisa, bramanebisa13, mutribebisa14.
da gana cota ramis mTqmelni arian arabeTis daxuruli haramxanebi, marmarilos Sadrev-
nebi da TviT cxeli udabnoebic ki?
gana sparseT-arabeTis Tav-daviwyebis samRvTo ruka gancdaTa siRrmes ar amJRavneben? azi-
uri sensualizmi15 gana mTel evropas ar aocebs? gangis napirebidan ar wamovida is magiuri
bindi, romelSic imaleboda saSineli, fantastiuri mistika? gana aRmosavleTSi ar Seiqmna
vnebis Tavadoba da STagonebis cecxli?
an sad icodnen iseTi Rrma sevdianoba, an iseTi mwvave fiqri da Tav-daviwyebiTi Wvreta,
rogorc aRmosavleTSi? filosofia, religia, xelovneba _ yvela es aziaSi Rrma iyo da Tavi-
seburi. unda iyves kidec.
5
grigol orbeliani (1804_1883) _ qarTveli romantikosi poeti.
arCevani
6
iohan volfgang goeTe (1749_1832) _ gamoCenili germaneli mwerali da moazrovne.
7
igulisxmeba SoTa rusTaveli.
8
jelal ed-din rumi (1207_1273) _ sparseli mistikosi poeti.
9
Sams ed-din mohamed hafezi (1310_1389) _ sparseli poeti.
10
minareTi _ meCeTis koSki.
V Tavi
11
derviSebi _ mahmadiani moxetiale berebi.
12
mueZini _ mola, romelic minareTidan mouxmobs muslimanebs salocavad.
13
bramanebi _ indoeTSi umaRlesi kastis warmomadgeneli.
14
mutribi _ musikosi, mesakrave-momRerali.
15
250 sensualizmi _ filosofiuri mimarTuleba, romelic Semecnebis erTaderT wyarod SegrZnebebs
miiCnevs.
da Tu dRes `zanti~ aRmosavleTi Tvlemas Seupyria, SesaZloa masSi mainc tortmanobs si-
cocxle da gamomJRavndeba kidec. ukve daiwyo. rabindranaT Tagori16 saukeTeso damtkicebaa.
saqarTveloc aziaSi Tvlems.
aziaSi dagviRamda da aziaSive unda velodoT Cveni xelovnebis dilas.
devizi: ukan, aziisaken, win wasasvlelad.
magram CineTis kedlebi ki ara, qarTuli darbazebi.
1920
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. rogori tipis esed SeiZleba CaiTvalos vaxtang kotetiSvilis teqsti? pasuxi daasabu-
TeT.
2. ese XX saukunis dasawyisSia dawerili. etyoba Tu ara es garemoeba teqstis enas? amo-
iwereT iseTi leqsikuri erTeulebi an enobriv-gramatikuli konstruqciebi, romlebic,
Tqveni azriT, ar Seesabameba Tanamedrove saliteraturo qarTulis normebs.
3. garda enobrivi Taviseburebebisa, kidev ra niSniT gamoarCevT v. kotetiSvilis eses?
detalebis xelovneba
1. teqstidan amoiwereT detalebi, romlebSic, Tqveni azriT, kargad Cans konkretuli

epoqis Taviseburebebi.
2. Tqveni azriT, dRes rom daweriliyo es ese, garda leqsikisa da enobrivi konstruqci-
ebisa, kidev ra Seicvleboda masSi? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
3. daakvirdiT eses saTaurs. Seesabameba Tu ara igi teqstis stils da avtoris azrovnebis
maneras?
teqstis analizi
1. Tqveni azriT, eses avtori frakian `viRacaSi~ konkretul pirovnebas gulisxmobs Tu

garkveul tendencias? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
2. yuradRebiT waikiTxeT Semdegi fragmenti: ìm `viRacas~ jer almacerad Sexedes, Sem-
deg eWvianoba gaocebam Secvala. gr. orbelianma, qarTul xelovnebis moxucma adiutan-
tma, scada am `viRacis~ Sebruneba, mkvaxeTac SeuZaxa, magram `viRacam~ frakiT ajoba.
Semdeg SeeCvivnen kidec. dRes is `viRaca~ frakSi yvelam Seiyvara TiTqmis.~ rogor gesmiT
avtoris azri, SesaZlebelia Tu ara am pasaJSi X I X saukunis qarTuli kulturis cnobili
epizodi, e.w. `mamaTa da SvilTa brZola~ vigulisxmoT? ratom?
3. eses avtori wers: èvropis udidesi romantikosebi, goeTes mTavarsardlobiT, fiqriT
arCevani
mainc aRmosavleTisken moemarTebodnen... Cveni patara `viRaceebi~ ki, garbodnen aqe-

dan TavCaRunulni~. didi evropeli moazrovneebi marTlac xSirad da bevrs iRebdnen
aRmosavleTidan, magram rogor gesmiT, vis gulisxmobs avtori, roca aqedan TavCaRu-
V Tavi
nulad gaqceulebze laparakobs?

4. imsjeleT, rogor gesmiT eses finaluri fraza _ `magram CineTis kedlebi ki ara, qar-
Tuli darbazebi~.
16
rabindranaT Tagori (1861_1941) _ indoeli mwerali, nobelis premiis laureati.
251
5. waikiTxeT warmodgenili fragmenti, SeecadeT maqsimalurad yvela kuTxidan gaiazroT
da mxolod amis Semdeg imsjeleT, rogor gesmiT igi: òba~ _ ìzmiT~ karga xania Seicva-
la, da ase apireben gangrZobas. yvela evropiulobis cieb-cxelebam Seipyro. yvelas
unda binoklis Sefereba...
evropam SegvSala da albaT wagvSlis kidec, Tu ase gagrZelda.
aziaSi myofni, evropidan vumzerdiT azias. mitom Cagviqra Semoqmedeba, mkvdar mimbaZ-
velobam ki dagvasneula~.
paralelebi
SeadareT erTmaneTs akaki baqraZisa da vaxtang kotetiSvilis eseebi. daakvirdiT:

1. romeli avtori ufro metad zrunavs Tavisi poziciis logikur argumentaciaze? pasu-
xi daasabuTeT.
2. romel eseSi ufro igrZnoba avtoris emocia? daasabuTeT.
3. ra ufro metad axdens Tqvenzezegavlenas, logikuri argumentacia Tu emociuri msje-
loba? ratom?
4. vaxtang kotetiSvilis pozicia naTelia, magram ra TvalsazrisiT adarebs igi evropasa da
azias erTmaneTs _ religiur-filosofiuri Tu mecnierul-teqnikuri azrovnebis kuTxiT?
5. sxva mxriv, miuxedavad aSkarad gansxvavebuli poziciebisa, Tqveni azriT, akaki baqraZe
romelime sakiTxSi daeTanxmeboda vaxtang kotetiSvils Tu ara? ratom? Tqveni mosaz-
reba saTanado argumentebiT gaamyareT.
pozicia
iraneli avtori mohamadali eslami noduSani Tavis eseSi `demokratia aRmosavleTSi~,

romelic 1959 wels daibeWda, werda:
`...ver uarvyofT, rom aRmosavleTSi demokratia ususuria da moikoWlebs; miuxedavad imi-
sa, rom misi formaluri arseboba ramdenime aTeul weliwads iTvlis, jerjerobiT im bavSvs
mogvagonebs, romelic fexze ver dgeba. ratom?
aRmosavleTSi Cveni warumateblobis erT-erTi mizezi is gaxlavT, rom dRemde demokra-
tiis garegnul saxesa da formalur mxares met yuradRebas vuTmobdiT, vidre mis arssa da
bunebas. SesaZloa, iZulebuli viyaviT ase movqceuliyaviT, magram nebismier SemTxvevaSi, mi-
Rebuli Sedegi ar SeiZleba damakmayofilebeli iyos. Cven, aRmosavleTis xalxs, gvegona, rom
iseve iolad, rogorc avtomobili, saaTi an pianino Semogvaqvs, evropidan mmarTvelobis me-
Todis, cxovrebis stilis, wesebisa da kanonebis sakuTar qveyanaSi Semotanasac SevZlebdiT.
amJamad mravalwliani xetialis Semdeg aRmosavleTi xedavs, rom daniSnulebis adgils ver
miaRwia. imTaviTve uyuradRebod darCa is faqti, rom aRmosavleTi gansxvavdeba dasavleTisagan
da aq momzadebuli ar aris sulieri, ekonomikuri Tu socialuri wanamZRvrebi imis misaRebad,
rasac dasavleTSi demokratias uwodeben. dasavluri demokratia aris wesi, romlisTvisac
niadagi da safuZveli saukuneebis manZilze mzaddeboda. igi emyareba sam burjs: berZnul-
arCevani
laTinur kulturul memkvidreobas, qristianobasa da mrewvelobas. aRmosavleTs ki, rogorc

viciT, arc religiis, arc kulturisa da arc ekonomikur-samrewvelo mowyobis TvalsazrisiT
dasavleTTan saerTo ara aqvs, maSasadame, ar aris gasakviri, Tu nasesxebma wyobam sasurveli
nayofi ver gamoiRo17~.
V Tavi
252 17
sparsulidan Targmna Tea SurRaiam.
***
unda iTqvas, rom amis Semdeg Zalian male, kerZod, 70-ian wlebSi, iranSi momxdarma isla-
murma revoluciam cecxliTa da maxviliT gandevna qveynidan dasavluri faseulobebi da kvlav
tradiciuls daubrunda.
***
1. ra Tqma unda, saqarTvelo iranisgan gansxvavdeba rogorc religiuri, ise kulturuli

TvalsazrisiT, magram, rogor fiqrobT, gasaTvaliswinebelia Tu ara CvenTvis iraneli
avtoris mosazrebebi?
2. rogorc akaki baqraZe werda, dRes marTlac yvelasTvis ueWveli da cxadia, rom kacob-
rioba _ politikurad, ekonomikurad, iuridiul-socialurad, yofis kuTxiTac ki, _
viTardeba im principebisa da wesebis Sesabamisad, rac evropam Seqmna da Camoayaliba,
magram es procesi srulebiTac ar mimdinareobs ise harmoniulad da umtkivneulod,
rogorc erTi SexedviT SeiZleba Candes. gansxvavebul kulturaTa aseTi `masStaburi
Sexvedra~ yovelTvis problematuria. amas adasturebs iranis magaliTi. vfiqrobT, gar-
kveuli daZabuloba CvenSic igrZnoba, magram, Tqveni azriT, SesaZlebelia saqarTve-
loSic imgvari ram moxdes, rac 70-iani wlebis iranSi moxda? ratom? pasuxis momzadebisas
gamoiyeneT merab mamardaSvilis teqsti.
Tvalsazrisi
1. aSkaraa, rom, roca vaxtang kotetiSvili devizad gvTavazobs frazas _ ùkan, aziisaken,
win wasasvlelad~, _ gulisxmobs winsvlas xelovnebaSi. igi ar exeba adamianuri cxovre-
bis sxva mxareebs _ arc politikas, arc ekonomikas, arc socialur mowyobas. Sesabamisad,
eses mixedviT ucnobia avtoris pozicia am sakiTxebze.
dafiqrdiT, SesaZlebelia qveyana xelovnebiT aziisken midiodes, cxovrebis sxva mxa-
reebis mowyobas ki evropuli faseulobebis mixedviT cdilobdes? ratom?
2. saqarTveloSi, moyolebuli me-19 saukunidan, arCevanis TvalsazrisiT, evropul kul-
turas raime seriozuli alternativa arasodes hqonia. CvenSi TiTqmis yvela met-nak-
lebad cnobili inteleqtuali yovelTvis evropis sasargeblod akeTebda arCevans,
Tumca, rogorc naxeT, arsebobs gamonaklisic. rogorc ukve iciT, vaxtang kotetiSvilma
es ese gasuli saukunis dasawyisSi dawera. mas Semdeg TiTqmis asi weli gavida.
Tqveni azriT, SeiZleba romelime qarTvelma moazrovnem dResac daweros amgvari aRmo-
savluri orientaciis mqone ese? ratom?
rogori damokidebuleba aqvs qarTul sazogadoebas dRes dasavluri faseulobebisad-

mi?
piradad Tqven, rogori damokidebuleba gaqvT dasavluri samyaros mimarT? SeecadeT

am sakiTxebze argumentirebulad imsjeloT.
arCevani
V Tavi
253
§ II
avtoris Sesaxeb
oqtav mirbo daibada 1848 wels sakmaod SeZlebul ojaxSi. aRizarda

iezuitur kolejSi. monawileoba miiRo safrangeT-prusiis omSi. muSaobda
ramdenime administraciul Tanamdebobaze, da SesaZloa mis cxovrebasac
iseve SeumCnevlad Caevlo, rogorc milionobiT misi Tanamemamulisam Ca-
iara, magram roca mirbom colad SeirTo kabares mocekvave qali, sazoga-
doebam igi gariya. am droidan mirbo iqca Tavisi Tanamedrove sazogadoebis
oqtav mirbo daundobel mamxileblad; im sazogadoebisa, romelic, misi azriT, klavda
1848_1917 adamianur individualizms. igi gardaicvala 1917 wels. mis romanebs dRem-
òqtav mirbo di- de ar daukargavT mkiTxveli.
di frangi mwera-
lia, romelmac sa-
ukeTesod gamoxa-
ta Tavisi epoqis
safrangeTis su-
li~ oqtav mirbo
lev tolstoi
muqTamWamelebi
roca cxadi Seiqna, rom moxuc fransuas muSaoba aRar SeeZlo, colma, Zunwis moelvare
Tvalebianma gamrje da yoCaRma dedakacma, romelic qmarze bevrad jeeli iyo, uTxra:
_ eh, patara xom aRara xar, xom unda gesmodes wuTisoflis avanCavani. sacaa oTxmocisa
Sesruldebi _ Seni xnisa riyeze qva aRara goravs. Zvlebi ise gaqvs gaxevebuli, welSi veRar
ixrebi. ras izam, Tavs zemoT Zala ar ari, daisvene...
im saRamoTi fransuas sufraze Tavisi wili puri da xelada aRar daxvedria. berikacs gul-
ma reCxi uyo.
_ momSivda, dedakaco, cota puri momitexe! _ Cailaparaka wyenisagan aTrTolebuli, ved-
rebanarevi xmiT.
_ momikvdes Tavi, mogSivda ara? Se bedSavo, Sena! aba, me ra giSvelo. kaci rom Wams, kidec
unda iSromos, ase ar aris gana? umaqnisi kaci ra kacia _ raRa isa da raRa carieli adgili. gzaze
dagdebul qvaze uaresia, gamxmar xeze uaresi... _ uborotod upasuxa colma.
_ xom ar vzarmacob, jani aRar momdevs, xel-fexi aRar memorCileba, Torem... _ SekamaTeba
scada moxucma.
_ mere, vin gisayvedura?! magram yvelafers Tavisi wesi da kanoni aqvs, me vin ras Semacvle-
vinebs. roca muSaobdi, aki SeWamandic yovelTvis Tavis droze gqonda. axla aRaraferi Se-
giZlia da... aba, miTxari, beber, umaqnis jaglags Seinaxavdi? Tivas dauyridi? qers miumar-
jvebdi? ha, ra xma Cagiwyda, Seinaxavdi-meTqi?
_ magas raRa kiTxva unda, ar Sevinaxavdi... _ gulwrfelad aRiara fransuam, romelic sa-
bolood gatexa amgvari sabuTis daundobelma WeSmaritebam.
_ ho da mec manda var! mogSivda da TiTi wove, meore ki xvalisTvis Seinaxe! _ mouWra colma.
qali Raribulad gawyobil oTaxSi gadi-gamodioda da iqaurobas guldagul alagebda, ra-
arCevani
Ta meore dRisTvis saqme aRaraferi darCenoda, aki xvalidan qmris magivradac TviTon unda
ewia Wapani. saxls alagebda da Tan dro rom ar daekarga, wvetiani kbilebiT naCqarevad kbeCda
Sav purs da zed weRan ezoSi akrefil mkvaxe vaSls ayolebda.
berikaci cols siberisagan dapataravebuli, danamuli TvalebiT misCereboda da grZnob-
V Tavi
da rogor nel-nela eufleboda usazRvro da yovlismomcveli sasowarkveTileba, radgan ico-

da, veranairi gansja, veranairi xvewna-mudara ver mostexda am dedakacis qvaze umtkices ne-
bisyofas. isic kargad uwyoda, TviTonac uyoymanod rom damorCildeboda am saSinel ganaCens,
radgan iyo pirquSi, uxeSi da pirdapiri, rogorc Tavad danaSauli. Tavi mainc ver Seikava da
254 braziT pirmorRveulma aTrTolebuli xmiT Cailaparaka:
_ is fuli raRa iqna, Savi dRisTvis rom vina-
xavdiT...
_ ui, momikvdes Tavi, _ Seicxada qalma, _ ra fu-
li, kaco, Wkuidan xom ar SeiSale! im fulis xelis
xleba rogor iqneba, biWi ras ityvis, aki imas vug-
rovebdiT! ara, ara, miTqvams da kidev gimeoreb: imu-
Saveb, xom kargi _ gaWmev, ar imuSaveb da verafersac
ver miiReb! ai, eg ari samarTali!
_ ho, kargi, kargi... _ CaiburdRuna berikacma, xma
gakminda da cariel sufras, romelic dReis amas iqiT
misTvis sul mudam carieli unda yofiliyo, mSieri,
xarbi TvalebiT miaCerda. colis saqcieli WkuaSi ar
ujdeboda, magram gulis siRrmeSi ver amtyunebda,
radgan bunebis yru wyvdiadidan jerac ar amoexeda
da adamianuri egoizmisa da siyvarulis erTobisa ara
gaegeboda ra.
erTxans ase ijda, mere nela wamoikakva da sakuW-
naosaken walaslasda.
sakuWnaos gamoRebul kars saflaviviT Savad daeRo piri.
berikacma icoda, rom es avbediTi Jami adre Tu gvian usaTuod Camohkravda, swored ise,
misi ded-mamisTvis rogorc Camohkra. TviTonac xom gamoacala sakuTar mSoblebs lukma, roca
daberdnen da muSaoba veRar SeZles. an ki ratom unda erCina muqTamWamelebi?! ra xania am wuTis
dadgomas eloda da isic TandaTan axlovdeboda: colma jer xorciani kerZi Seuwyvita, rom-
liTac kviraobiT da xuTSabaTobiT umaspinZldeboda, mere _ bostneuli, axla ki xmela puric
ar gaimeta. bnel sakuWnaoSi iwva da sikvdils ise Cumad eloda, rogorc gamxmari xe, romlis
dafuturoebuli fesvebi miwidan sasicocxlo wvens veRar iwoven.
sizmari arasodes enaxa, im RamiT ki is Txa esizmra, bolos rom hyavdaT: erTi Tvinieri
cxoveli iyo, sulmTlad TeTri, Savi rqebiTa da cancara wveriT eklesiis Sesasvlelze daxa-
tul eSmaksa hgavda. mTeli Tavisi xangrZlivi sicocxlis manZilze uamravi Tikani hyavda mo-
gebuli da rZec Raliani icoda, magram roca daberda, gaberwda da rZec gauSra... didi movla-
patronoba arc mere undoda _ saxlukan, paloze TokiT dabmuli balaxs wiwknida xolme da
bilikze gamoCenili adamianis danaxvaze balaxianad kikinebda. albaT, sul male Tavisi dRiTac
mokvdeboda, magram fransuam aRar acala da erT mSvenier dRes TeTri Txa dakla, radgan unda
mokvdes da aRigavos pirisagan miwisa yoveli, rasac sargeblobis motana aRar SeuZlia _ rZe
iqneba, Tesli Tu Sromis nayofi.
RamiT swored im Txis Tvalebi aekviata, cxadliv dainaxa misi morCili, nelinel mimqrali
Tvinieri sayveduriT aRsavse mzera, roca muxlebSoris momwyvdeuls gasisxlianebul, qaTqa-
Ta yelSi dana xelmeored gamousva. Tavzardacemuls gaeRviZa. erTxans Cumad iwva, mere Ta-
visTvis daiCurCula:
_ sworia, raRa kaci da raRa Txa. verafers ityvi, sworia yvelaferi.
mas mere sawolidan aRar amdgara, micvalebuliviT TvalebdaxuWuli gulaRma iwva, fexebi
gaeWima da xelebi gulze daekrifa _ ase weli aRar stkioda. aRarc fiqrobda, erTTavad Tvlem-
da da eCveneboda, TiTqos aqedan, am miwidan, am ayrolebuli sareclidan sadRac Sors, TeTr
usasrulobaSi mieqaneboda, romelSic zogjer wiTlad elavdnen da uTavbolod fuTfuTebdnen
arCevani
wvrili, cecxlisferi xoWoebi.

mindorSi wasvlamde coli karis saketSi gasaRebs samjer gadaatrialebda, xolo saRamos, Sin
mobrunebuli, mTeli dRis mZime Sromisagan moRlili da moqanculi namjis leibze xmis
V Tavi
amouReblad miegdeboda da mkvdariviT iZinebda. meore diliT adre dgeboda, qmrisken erTxelac
ar gaixedavda, ezo-kars dauvlida da iqaurobas mSvidi, saqmiani ieriT awesrigebda.
kviras qalma qmris tanisamosi moagrova, dakemsa da guldagul Seinaxa. mere wavida da
mRvdeli moiyvana.
_ ra daemarTa? _ hkiTxa mRvdelma. 255
_ sibere daemarTa, _ miugo qalma, _ sikvdilis dro mouvida. ras izam, mamao, am sacodavis
Jammac Camohkra...
mRvdelma moxucs xel-fexze mironi scxo da locvebi waukiTxa, wasvlisas ki, cota ar iyos
daeWvebulma, TavisTvis Cailaparaka:
_ ra vici, sikvdilisa araferi etyoboda...
_ dro mouvida, _ gaumeora man.
meore dRes sakuWnaoSi Sesulma qalma is susti xrialic veRar gaigona, moxucs yelidan
rom amosdioda. mivida, mkerdsa da saxeze xelebi moufaTura da mixvda rom momkvdariyo.
_ gaTavda, _ Cailaparaka gulaCuyebulma da xmaSi Rrma pativiscema gaeria.
berikacs quTuToebi Ria darCenoda da iqidan dabinduli, amoRamebuli Tvalebi mouCanda.
qalma Tvalebi cera TiTis swrafi moZraobiT dauxuWa, mere erTxans idga da cxedars Ca-
fiqrebuli dasCereboda.
_ dinji, yairaTiani, mSromeli kaci iyo, sawyali, _ fiqrobda igi, _ ar svamda, qalebSi ar
dadioda, SromaSi galia wuTisofeli... sakadrisad unda gavapatiosno: axal perangs Cavacmev,
Sav kostiums... TeTr sudaras gadavafareb... mere ki, rogorc mdidrebma ician, sasaflaoze aTi
wliT avuReb adgils... ho, egre vizam, biWi Tu damTanxmda.
frangulidan Targna elisabed yvavilaSvilma
saubari
es yvelaferi marTlac Tavzardamcemia. magram, pirvel rigSi, Tavzardamcemia es sastiki

samyaro Tavisi kanonzomierebebiT da, mxolod amis Semdeg, am adamianebis mzaoba, ki ar gaeq-
cnen, Tavi ki ar moityuon, ki ar Searbilon cxovrebis sastiki kanonzomierebani, aramed yve-
laferi ise miiRon, rogorc aris kidec sinamdvileSi. aseTia dasavluri kulturis damokide-
buleba samyaros mimarT. saerTod, SeecadeT kargad gaiazroT, ras niSnavs `cxovrebis sastiki
kanonzomierebebis ise miReba, rogorc aris kidec sinamdvileSi~.
gaixseneT, kidev romeli ucxoeli mwerlis wignSi an romel filmSi SexvedrixarT aseT,
TiTqos qvisgan gamoTlil adamianebs da SeecadeT SeZlebisdagvarad axsnaT maTi fsiqologia,
samyarosTan maTi amgvari damokidebulebis motivacia.
am sakiTxze fiqrisas SeecadeT Cveni kultura da yofa gaiTvaliswinoT _ gaxsendebaT ase-
Ti adamianebi? Tundac romelime nawarmoebis personaJebi? sakuTar TavSic CaixedeT, rogor
fiqrobT, SegwevT imis Zala, iseTi miiRoT es cxovreba, rogoric sinamdvileSia?
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
daakvirdiT Targmanis enas _ leqsikas, frazeologias, enobriv-gramatikul konstruqci-

arCevani
ebs. moTxrobaSi ZiriTadad moxuci fransuas coli metyvelebs. rogor fiqrobT, SeZlo mTar-
gmnelma, personaJis damajerebeli enobrivi portreti Seeqmna? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
V Tavi
detalebis xelovneba
Tu daakvirdebiT, moTxroba isea dawerili, rom mwerali erT zedmet sityvasac ki ar xar-
javs. personaJTa rogorc garegnul, ise Sinagan xatebzec mxolod ramdenime detalze day-
256 rdnobiT unda SeviqmnaT warmodgena. avtori fransuas colze gakvriT gveubneba, Zunwis mo-
elvare Tvalebiani, gamrje da yoCaRi dedakaci iyoo. erTgan ki ambobs, saxls alagebda da Tan
`wvetiani kbilebiT naCqarevad kbeCda Sav purs da zed weRan ezoSi akrefil mkvaxe vaSls
ayolebdao~. am detalebze dayrdnobiT werilobiT daaxasiaTeT fransuas coli.
teqstis analizi
1. SeecadeT saxeli daarqvaT im gancdas, romelic moTxrobis wakiTxvis Semdeg dageuflaT.

2. ratom gawira SimSiliT sikvdilisTvis moxuci fransua SedarebiT axalgazrda colma?
SeiZleba colis saqciels veragoba vuwodoT? ratom?
3. kidev erTxel yuradRebiT waikiTxeT moTxroba da SeecadeT CamoweroT is Tvisebebi,
romlebic am qals axasiaTebs. Tqveni azriT, SeiZleba am adamianze iTqvas, rom gansakuT-
rebuli borotebiT gamorCeuli adamiania Tu ara? ratom?
4. is, vinc veRar Sromobs, aRarc unda Wamdes. aseTia is principi, romelsac es adamianebi
emorCilebian. ra aiZulebT maT aseTi Tanamimdevrulni da sastikni iyvnen?
5. ratom damorCilda moxuci fransua ase udrtvinvelad colis mtkice nebas? ratom
araferi aqvs saTqmeli? mxolod imitom, rom Tavis droze TviTonac ase Seubraleblad
gamoacala lukma Tavis dauZlurebul mSoblebs?
6. ra daskvna gamoitana ukve sikvdilis piras misulma fransuam, roca daesizmra, rogor
dakla Tavisi beberi Txa?
diskusia
oqtav mirbos novela daaxloebiT asi wlis winandel sinamdviles aireklavs. Tqveni az-
riT, Seicvala Tu ara mas Semdeg am TvalsazrisiT dasavluri faseulobebi?
winaswari momzadebis Semdeg am sakiTxebze moawyveT saklaso diskusia. SeecadeT, Tqveni
pozicia argumentirebuli iyos.
weriTi davaleba
gardacvlil qmris cxedarTan mdgar qals arc isterika emarTeba da arc danaSaulis grZnoba
ipyrobs. `dinji, yairaTiani, mSromeli kaci iyo, sawyali, _ fiqrobs igi. _ ar svamda, qalebSi ar
dadioda, SromaSi galia wuTisofeli... sakadrisad unda gavapatiosno: axal perangs Cavacmev,
Sav kostums... TeTr sudaras gadavafareb... mere ki, rogorc mdidrebma ician, sasaflaoze aTi
wliT avuReb adgils...~
rogor aRiqvamT am epizods?
Tqveni azriT, rasTan gvaqvs saqme, groteskTan, cinizmTan Tu es is TanagrZnoba da pati-
viscemaa, romelic aseTma qvisgan gamoTlilma adamianebma SeiZleba gaimeton erTmaneTisaTvis?
Tqvens msjelobas mieciT eses forma. saTauri Tavad SearCieT.
prezentacia
arCevani
TargmneT oqtav mirbos gamonaTqvami, klasis winaSe warmoadgineT Tqven mier Sesrulebuli
Targmanebi, ganixileT isini da gakveTilzeve SeTanxmdiT teqstis saboloo versiaze.
V Tavi
`L’art n’est point fait pour nous apprendre quelque chose, il est fait pour nous émouvoir, pour nous charmer,
pour nous faire oublier les réalités brutales, pour remuer l’homme, ce qu’il y a de meilleur en lui et d’endormi au
fond de son être. Il est la plus haute expression de l’amour, et l’amour c’est le rêve, le grand rêve poursuivi de
l’humanité~. 257
Octave Mirbeau
avtoris Sesaxeb
`dangreuli budeebi~ pirveli wigni gaxldaT niko lorTqifaniZis mi-

niaturuli oTxtomeulisa, 1933_34 wlebSi ro gamoica; maSin jer kidev
SemorCeniliyvnen ukanaskneli landebi gardasuli droisa, SemorCeni-
liyvnen da dafarfatebdnen, dafarfatebdnen da suli aRar edgaT; wignis
qaRaldsac mkvdris feri edo da ase gvegona, Cvens Tvalwin imsxvreoda
Zveli samyaro; Zrwoda Cveni maSindeli ymawviluri warmosaxva, Zrwoda da
niko nugeSsac iqave hpovebda, imave minaturul tomeulebSi, miniaturis di-
lorTqifaniZe
dostats ro Seefereboda;
1880_1944
`karga xania dav-
pirvelive wigns suraTic erTvoda avtorisa: mkacri, daZabuli saxe,
rwmundi, rom uc- pensne ro hfaravda SorsmWvretel Tvalebsa; saxe daZabuli da gautexeli,
nob karebis win ro veraferi aumRvrevda elfersa, fiqrs ver SeuSlida veraferi, fiqrsa
vdgevarT... farde-
bi karTa ukve aT- ima erTsa, mTelis arsebiT rasac miscemoda, mTeli sicocxle risTvisac
rTolden da gaS- gadaedo; es iyo saxe monumenturi, saxe epikosisa, advilad rom ar auC-
lisTanave an da- qroldeboda guli, TiTqos rom ara, da gagikvirdebodaT, Tu rogor aR-
vinaxavT nanatr
bednierebas, an sa- moCenoda esodeni sisaTuTe, esodeni TrTolva, mgrZnobiareba Tu Tanag-
maradiso wyvdia- rZnoba esodeni patara adamianTadmi, TiTqos umniSvnelo movlenaTadmi
dis msxverplni Cveni cxovrebisa, warsulisa Tu Tanadroulobisa;
SeviqnebiT~.
n. lorTqifaniZe
es ar iyo sasuraTed gamiznuli poza, es iyo saxe misi, pirdapiri da
utyuari, naTeli da uRalato, samtro da samegobro, sazeimo da samglo-
viaro, _ xolo iq, SigniT icvleboda ganwyobilebani, ejaxeboda mZafri vnebani, ireoda STa-
beWdilebani mkacri cxovrebisa, dasWimoda Zafi nervisa, yoveli Zafi, dasWimoda Tu gawyvetas
iyo, oRond garegnulad hfaravda yovelives simSvide igi monoliTuri, monumenturi, epikuri;
ase SegxvdebodaT rusTavelis gamzirze, _ dRisiT iSviaTad, ufro Ramian, gamziri rom
daicleboda, baraTaSviluri idumaleba ro daisadgurebda mTawmindis aresa da mtkvaric ise-
ve ro dudunebda;
ase Semovidoda mweralTa kavSiris darbazSi gaCaRebuli paeqrobis drosa, rogorRac maSina
Tu swored maSina, vinme umarTebulo pirovneba ro idga tribunazeda da isvroda gasaocrad umar-
Tebulo sityvebsa... Semovidoda da gabrundeboda, TiTqos Tofi daaxaleso, oRond warbsac ar
Seixrida, mere rao ro daaxaleso, an Camojdeboda moSorebiTa, Camojdeboda da mdumarebda, _
mdumarebda gaZlebamdisa, mere gavidoda, iseve, imave epikuri, aumRvreveli gamometyvelebiTa...~
oTar CxeiZe
niko lorTqifaniZe
Tavsafriani dedakaci
arCevani
vwer SemTxveviT Sexvedrilis ambavs.

Tu odesme danJRreuli omnibusiT gimogzaurniaT samtrediidan maxlobel soflebisaken, Tqven,
ueWvelia, dainaxavdiT mesris iqeT, ezoSi, mofusfuse, SavaT Cacmul qals, romelsac Tan dasdevda Wadis
natexiT xelSi pawia bavSi.
V Tavi
exla iq rom Caviare, dadakacis unaxaoba damaklda.

gamovikiTxe, da ai Ziebam Zvel mogonebebTan erTad ra aRmoaCina.
nu damiwunebT! ar SemiZlia grZnoba-goneba SevaCero did pirovnebebze... isini aSlian sulisSemxuTav
suraTebs... Semdeg, odesme, maT aRmouCndebaT mociquli vinme markozi da ioane.
258 me vwer Tavsafrian dedakacze.
1
yvelaferi Catarda ZveleburaT, sul ZveleburaT, ise rogorc CvenSi winaT xdeboda yvel-
gan, sadac ki jvars iwerden, ormoci wlis winaT xdeboda xSiraT, 20 wlis winaT zogjer, 10 wlis
winaT iSviaTad, da axla ki SeuZlebelia.
gaZvra-gamoZvra maWankali.
namalevaT Soridan daanaxa qali; moawyo „qalis naxva“ da miacemina Sarna1.
da mere?
mere Zmadeebma samjer Seucvales beWedi, Tavs daaxures oqros kavebiani gvirgvini;
gavarda dambaCa da maWaxela.
aWiWyinda zurna.
mefe-dedofals sufraze, cxviris win, ulagebden „Tavzegadasagdebs“: patara sarkes, mo-
oqrul saTiTurs, Zewkvs, TiTbris taSts, dana-Cangals, vercxlis maneTianebs da aTSaurianebs.
...qvijasac2,
da gangeb mowveuli soflis mwerali sisworiT adgenda sias...
sves,
icekves,
ara marto gogo-biWebma,
moxucebulebmac.
daiSalen stumrebi.
abRavlden danaklav adgilze Zroxa da xari.
ezoze CoCiala uremma gadaitana naWa3, sabani, lebi... xoragi.
gadaviden 60 maneTiT datvirTuli siZe, mayrebi, rom axal adgils
ecekvaT,
esvaT,
ara marto gogo-biWebs,
aramed moxucebulebsac.
dasaxlden, dafuZnden.
2
kai nogros4 gamodgen:
sami weli _
samjer gamoweuli muceli da Sezneqili weli;
samjer Worfli da mJave kitri;
Cqarobden TiTqos!
sadedoflo:
maqva5 da TiTistari;
keci da Cogani;
lari da saCeCeli;
prasi da oxraxuSi;
mewveli Zroxa;
kraviani cxvari;
goWebiani Rori;
arCevani
Txas... Txas ar gauSvebs: namyen xexiliT savse kar-midamos gadaRrRnian!

batebi sisineben da amaoT eZeben tbas;
qaTmebi CitebiviT dafrenen totidan totze.
cicari gasarTobaT.
V Tavi
1
Sarna _ kuTx. (imer. gur.) sacolis dasaniSni nivTi.
2
qvija _ kuTx. qvasanayi.
3
naWa _ kuTx. Sua cecxlze qvabis Camosakidi jaWvi.
4
nogro _ kuTx. jiSi, jilagi, modgma, Camomavliba.
5
259
maqva _ kuTx. sakeravi manqanis mogrZo ovaluri an mrgvali nawili.
savse ojaxi!
samefo:
xardaniani venaxi sakuTar ezoSi;
simindis maRali kalo _ samesamedoT nabatonarTan;
gaprialebuli najaxi saxelmwifo tyeSi;
uReli xari;
welmagari komli!
3
aaSena RmerTma nadi _ bevri ilazRandares, zRaprebi Tqves, imReres, icekves, sves, dilas
daiSalen; erTi cxvari moundaT da erTi Cafi Rvino, _ qalebi iyo umetesi. magram amoaTaves
mTeli mosavali, wlis sarCo simindi gadaarCies... calke mTad sdgas oqrosferi taroebi; patara
xrovaT hyria dampali da Wyinti; fuCeCi modebulia mTel ezoSi.
coli godris asawevaT ar miixmara: moerida axal naloginevs.
da TviT eca uZinari:
kargi simindi _ naliaSi;
uvargisi _ cxvenze;
fuCeCi _ sabZelSi.
miegdo xis ZirSi gasaoTebuli, ofliT gaRviTquli.
adga mTqnarebiT _ isev samuSaoT, magram...
xan ofli, sicxe, bodva,

xan sciva, kankalebs, sami sabani,
siyviTle!
_ „rava vifiqrebdi me Tvaldasavsebi, uJmuri ayva“...
eqimi da marCieli,
wamali da Selocva.
fexSiSveli moiara gelaTi da mowameTa, Tan miitana
mTeli ojaxis wevrebis sigrZe Taflis sanTeli.
„saSveli ar daadga“.
TmagaSvebuli qalebi...
zari...
flavi...
„ganuteve, ufalo, suli monisa Senisa“.
senma da sikvdilma gaaniava ojaxi.
4
qarTveli qvrivi dedakaci Tavsafridan wuRebamdis... windac ki Savi... Tu gamoCnda, metis-
metad lilian wyalSi gavlebuli sacvali,
TeTri Subli,
Savi mayvaliviT Tvalebi,
arCevani
mzeze gaSavebuli loyebi,

moqnili cxviri,
sisxlisferi tuCebi,
TeTri, grZelTiTebiani xelebi, etyoba bevrs veRar saqmianobs, _ imata oblebis mterma,
V Tavi
iklo moyvarem, da igi dadis

policiaSi,
sasamarTloSi,
mezoblebTan,
260
mamasaxlisTan,
Tavmdabali,
saCivriT,
mudariT,
ise rom ver aCerebs kedeli,
marka,
siSore, _
gadaifrens, iSovis, gadivlis, gascuravs, miifrens,
Tvisas ki miaRwevs:
bavSebs samarTals mounaxavs,
daxmarebas gamoiTxovs,
magram ojaxs ar umtyunebs,
kerias ar gaacivebs.
bevri earSiyeboda... Soridan
maWanklebic mougzavnes.
_ „rogor umtyuno oblebs?!“
iyo SemTxveva.
arapoetma gviambo:
„maspinZelma riJraJze gagvaRviZa; gadvixede fanjaraSi _ nadirobisTvis Tendeboda: cvari
nawvimariviT eyara: foToli ar iZroda, sanaqebo meZebrebi mouTmenlaT wkmutunebden; darCe-
uli mwevrebi izmoreboden.
gavswieT.
seiri male vnaxeT. iyo gabmuli yefac, mwevrebis motovebac, Semdeg meZebrebi maCvs waawyden,
da soros veRar gaaSores.
Sin vbrundebodi. viRacis Robes mivadeqi. SevCerdi dasasveneblaT.
cvari kidev eyara. mzes amoewvera, sxivs nazaT apkurebda qoxs, xeebis wverebs; Citebi aTas-
fraT JRurtulobden...
Savad mosilma qalma ukan karebSi gamoitana nabadi, ezos mivardnil kuTxeSi, Cems maxlob-
laT, bostanSi, gaSala da fexSiSvela, TmagaSvebulma daiwyo tirili... moTqma.
wrfelaT, gulamomjdari iseT nazs sityvebs, iseTis Svenieris xmiT ambobda, rom mesris
gadmoRma me avtirdi, tirili zluqunad gadameqca... uecraT me Semrcxva... qali ki saCqaroT
adga da Tavis nabdianaT saxlSi miimala“...
bavSebi dazarda.
aswavla aTasjer meti, vidre SeeZlo.
erTi vaJi moangariSea kooperativSi.
meore sasamarTlos moxelea...
daacolSvila orive.
CamoisiZa soflis maswavlebeli.
welSi gaxrili, yavarjeniT xelSi gadadioda erTisagan meoresTan.
arsad iyo zedmet stumraT:
bavSebis movla, Wukis wamali.
mTrTolvare xelebiT, amRvreuli TvalebiT moqsova windebi, miutana bavSs.
arCevani
fexi ar Caetia.
_ gaixade, bebi, amas Sen Zamias wauReb, Sen ki sxvas mogiqsov.
bavSis tirili.
dedam sTxova:
V Tavi
_ mieci, sul erTia, oRond gaCumdes...

_ raTa, Svilo, amas kowias wauReb... bavSs nu gaanebivreb...
bavSi ufro tiris.
_ ra, deda, Segenana gana erTi winda?! ginda meore Svilic moimadliero!.. nuTu amis saRiral
261
pativs ar gcemT?
windebi xelT gavarda.
sityva ar amouRia.
Seiswora Tavsafari.
qaliSvilma SeamCnia qceva da
kidev daumata:
_ tyuils vambob Tu?
qali adga, kalTebi daiber-
tya.
bavSi ar cxreboda.
kapasi Svili:
_ nu tiri, nu tiri, ukeTess
giyidi, rom bebiam ar da-
gamadlos.
qali wavida umiznoT; Semo-
uara saxls, romelsac Sealia
Tvalis Cini, sicocxlis Jini;
Cajda bostanSi.
araviTari azri, araviTari
fiqri, mxolod sityvebi:
„Segenana“, „moimadliero“, „saRirali pativi“.
gadavida mezoblebSi.
_ ra dagemarTa, beCa, saxe saxes ar gigavs?
_ araferi, Cemo fotine, damsicxa usaTuod.
dabrunda Sin.
Wukebs jamiT daudga comnarevi WinWari.
miwva.
grZnobs Tavis simZimes, tanis simCates.
araviTari azri, araviTari fiqri, mxolod sityvebi:
„Segenana“,
„moimadliero“ (Tu „moinadiro“?..),
„saRirali pativi“...
da moulodnelaT mokveTili, dasabuTebuli gadawyvetileba:
„aRaravisTvis var saWiro, sruliad aravisTvis; var sruliad zedmeti... didi xania Cem kac-
Tan unda wavsuliyavi“...
da gaixada, moixsna, moagrova, erTad zandukSi Caalaga yovelive xelsadebi, fasiani, gamo-
sadegi da konkebSi gaxveuli, TiTqmis sacvlebis amara CumaT gamovida naWirnaxulev qoxidan.
TiTqos SemTxveviT Cauara qmris saflavs, didxans ar SeCerebula, erTi ki miujda, xeli
gadausva balaxSi mimalul qvas da mkacraT uTxra:
_ „ho, moval, moval... moval, Cemo filipe“.
5
arCevani
Svilebma karga xans ver gaiges dedis gadakargva: erTs meoresTan egona.
gaiges _ SeZrwunden, SercxvaT: „mogveWra Tavi sofel-qveyanaSi... ras ityvian, moxuc dedas
ver mouareso?!“
V Tavi
undodaT saZebraT wasvla _ eZviraT; undodaT gazeTebSi gamocxadeba _ „uaresaT mogveW-

reba Tavio“.
ase icdiden.
dedas gulma ugrZno: „Svilebi dameCagreba, saxeli gautydebaT“ da CamoTxovili fuliT
262 dazRveuli, misi nakarnaxevi, sxvisi dawerili, baraTi gagzavna:
„sayvarelo Svilebo, nu miwyenT, salocavaT wavedi, nu meZebT... SviliSvilebi damikocneT,
Cemze nu swuxarT. mSvidobiT samudamoT“.
es iyo Tavsafriani qalis erTi iSviaTi sicrueTagani.
baraTi Sesaferisad grZeli iyo.
Svilebi dawynarden, gauxardaT, sxvebsac aCvenebden Tavis gasamarTleblaT. keTilsindi-
sieraT gaiyves mcire memkvidreoba: ramdenime vercxlis fuli, abreSumis Tavsafari, Zvlis-
tariani xanjali da sxva...
6
mokrZalebiT mdgom maTxovars avaram uTxra:
_ dedi, ras gvawvaleb, Tavs raT iwameb?
_ ra vqna, Svilo, me ki minda sicocxle?!
_ a, mtkvari da misi jani...
_ uime, Cemis xeliT suli rogor waviwymindo?!
da swrafad gaSorda, rogorc keTrovans.
7
gazeTis qronikaSi ewera:
„vakis CixSi miliciam ipova moxucebuli qalis gvami. acvia daxeuli Savi xami da Zveli wuRebi;
gulze hkidia TiTbris jvari; marjvena xelis usaxelo TiTze aqvs xmarebisagan daleuli niS-
nobis vercxlis beWedi, romlis Sina gverdze naxevraT waSlili asoebiT Cven amovikiTxeT
(ver davadasturebT!) „filipe“.
ucnobis gvami gadagzavnilia...“
Svilebs qronikieris SeniSvna, mgoni, ar waukiTxavT da arc aravis uambnia maTTvis.
yvelaze ufro ganaTlebuli da Tan yvelaze ufro tutuci Svili zogjer brZnulad SeniS-
navs: „moxucebisagan zogierTs gamoeleva mosazrebis unari da moqmedebs Seugneblad, magali-
Tad, gahyveba gzas da midis da midis... amas CvenSi „mxaris Secvlas“ uZaxian, mecnierebma ki „mani-
akaluri mdgomareoba“ uwodes.
didebuli adamianebi uZeglod ikargebian.
1925
saubari
ara gvgonia, oqtav mirbos `muqTamWamelebis~ wakiTxvis Semdeg gefiqraT, naxeT erTi saf-
rangeTSi SimSiliT rogor xocavdnen dauZlurebul moxucebso, iseve, rogorc `Tavsafriani
dedakacis~ wakiTxvis Semdeg ar daaskvnidiT _ sakmarisia erTi mouzomavi sityva, rom Cveni
arCevani
moxucebi maSinve saxlidan gaiqcneno.

aWarbebs rogorc frangi, ise qarTveli mwerali, magram mkiTxvels amgvari daskvnebi ma-
inc ar gamoaqvs, radgan gadaWarbebas Tavisi wesebi aqvs, romelTa meSveobiTac gamoiyofa is
V Tavi
umTavresi, rac realur cxovrebaSi auracxel umniSvnelo wvrilmanebSia Camarxuli.

amjeradac ase xdeba. rogorc frangi, ise qarTveli mwerali gadaWarbebis xelovnebis meS-
veobiT cdiloben warmoaCinon zogierTi iseTi tendencia, romlebic bevr rames gansazRvra-
ven rogorc Cvens, ise dasavlur sazogadoebebSi.
263
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
gaixseneT, saxelmZRvanelos I Tavis erT-erT davalebaSi (ix. § III) niko lorTqifaniZis teq-
stis adekvaturad wasakiTxad Sesabamisi kodi unda gageSifraT. amjeradac igive gaimeoreT da
gansazRvreT, ra mxatvrul-gamomsaxvelobiT xerxebs iyenebs mwerali?
Tqveni azriT, ramdenad Seesabameba teqstis stils avtoris mier gamoyenebuli enobriv-
gramatikuli konstruqciebi da leqsika?
detalebis xelovneba
niko lorTqifaniZem Tavisi novela 1925 wels dawera. teqstidan amoarCieT iseTi detale-
bi, romlebSic aisaxa imdroindeli yofa-cxovrebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli Taviseburebebi.
analizi
1. Cvens sazogadebaSi yovelTvis arsebobda erTgvari dauwereli kanoni, romlis Tanaxma-

dac daqvrivebuli qali Svilebis xaTriT aRar unda gaTxoviliyo. es arcTu ioli moT-
xovna bevrs SeiZleba farisevlobiskenac ubiZgebda, magram SeiZleba Tu ara amis Tqma
Tavsafrian dedakacze? ra Cans novelidan?
2. rogor fiqrobT, iseTi adamiani rogoric Tavsafriani dedakacia, yovelTvis bevri
iyo Cvens sazogadoebaSi Tu ara? ratom?
3. Tqveni azriT, ratom gaiqca Tavsafriani dedakaci saxlidan? Tqveni Tvalsazrisi da-
asabuTeT.
4. qarTuli tradiciebis Tanaxmad, Tuki kargi deda is aris, vinc yvelafers Svilebs Ses-
wiravs, maSin kargi Svilebi isini arian, romlebic civ niavs ar miakareben moxuc dedas.
Tavsafrianma dedakacma SeZlo kargi deda yofiliyo, Svilebma? sad da rogor Cans
Svilebis buneba?
5. Tavsafrianma dedakacma Svilis uneblie replikidan daaskvna, rom, moxuci fransuasi
ar iyos, masac amouwuravs Tavisi funqcia am qveyanaze, anu isic zedmeti bargi gamxdara.
magram ratom pirdapir ar eubnebian amas, rogorc fransuas uTxres? iqneb cdeba moxuci?
6. niko lorTqifaniZe SesavalSi wers: `nu damiwunebT! ar SemiZlia grZnoba-goneba SevaCe-
ro did pirovnebebze... isini aSlian sulis SemxuTav suraTebs... Semdeg, odesme, maT
aRmouCndebaT mociquli vinme markozi an ioane.
me vwer Tavsafrian dedakacze~.
novelis ukanaskneli winadadeba ki aseTia: `didebuli adamianebi uZeglod ikargebian~.
gaixseneT, ras wers oTar CxeiZe niko lorTqifaniZeze da erTmaneTTan daakavSireT no-
arCevani
velis Sesavali da dasasruli.

V Tavi
264
paralelebi
1. rogor fiqrobT, ra TvisebebiT hgvanan da riTi gasxvavdebian erTmaneTisgan oTaraanT

qvrivi da Tavsafriani dedakaci? maTTvis damaxasiaTebeli saerTo da ganmasxvavebeli
Tvisebebi cal-calke CamowereT.
2. imsjeleT, SeiZleba Tu ara ilia WavWavaZis òTaraanT qvrivi~, niko lorTqifaniZis
`Tavsafriani dedakaci~, vaJa-fSavelas `mogoneba~ da galaktion tabiZis `mesaflave~
erT konteqstSi ganvixiloT? ratom?
3. `muqTamWamelebSi~ dauZlurebul moxucebs pirdapir eubnebian, rom zedmeti bargni
gamxdaran da Sesabamisadac eqcevian.
`Tavsafrian dedakacSi~ pirdapir amas ar amboben, Tumca moxucebi aqac zedmetni gam-
xdaran.
`muqTamWamelebSi~ rogorc fiqroben, iseve iqcevian da araviTar yuradRebas ar aqceven
sxvebis azrs. mezoblebis azri imdenad umniSvneloa, rom o. mirbos arc ki agondeba
misi arseboba.
`Tavsafrian dedakacSi~ ise ver iqcevian, rogorc fiqroben, radgan umTavresi aq is ki
araa, konkretuli adamiani ras fiqrobs, aramed is, umravlesoba ras ityvis. amitom
Svilebis erTaderT realur sazrunavad tradiciis garegani mxaris, formis dacva gam-
xdara, raTa `sxvebis~ TvalSi ar moeWraT Tavi. ratom?
interpretacia
rodesac dedis gadakargvis ambavi gaiges, Svilebis reaqcia aseTi iyo: `gaiges _ SeZrwun-
dnen, SercxvaT: `mogveWra Tavi sofel qveyanaSi, ras ityvian, moxuc dedas ver mouareso?!~
undodaT saZebrad wasvla _ eZviraT. undodaT gazeTebSi gamocxadeba _ ùaresad mogveWreba
Tavio~. ase icdidnen~.
rogor ggoniaT, ra aris yvelaze mniSvnelovani motivi SvilebisaTvis _ ras ityvis xalxi?
ras ityvian mezoblebi? Tu realuri wuxili dedis bedze?
oqtav mirbos novelaSi `sxvebi~ (mezoblebi) ar Canan. Tumca udabnoSi arc moxuci fransua
da Tavisi coli cxovroben da, cxadia, maTac hyavT mezoblebi. oRond mxolod mRvdeli gamoC-
ndeba, isic qalis TxovniT, magram mas arafris Secvla ar SeuZlia.
Tqveni azriT, ratom eniWeba CvenSi aseTi didi mniSvneloba `sxvebis~ azrs? niko lorTqifa-
niZis moTxrobis mixedviT, rogor urTierTobebs ayalibebs es garemoeba sazogadoebaSi? moTx-
robis daweridan dRemde TiTqmis asi weli gavida, Seicvala rame am TvalsazrisiT CvenSi?
Tvalsazrisi
1. dasavleTi da aRmosavleTi, merab mamardaSvilis klasifikaciiT _ evropa, ruseTi da

azia, _ pirovnebisa da sazogadoebis, individisa da koleqtivis, adamianisa da saxel-
mwifos urTierTobis xasiaTiTac gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisgan. vfiqrobT, oqtav mir-
bosa da niko lorTqifaniZis moTxrobebis Seswavlis Semdeg dainaxeT, ra seriozul
arCevani
zegavlenas axdens am urTierTobaTa xasiaTi adamianis cxovrebaze. am garemoebas sxva

kuTxidanac SevxedoT.
gaixseneT, saxelmZRvanelos meore TavSi herman heseze saubrisas iTqva, rom es mwerali
V Tavi
friad Tavmdabali, moridebuli da gulCaTxrobili kaci iyo. mTeli sicocxle ganmar-

toebiT cxovrobda da ezos WiSkarze didi dafa hqonda gakruli warweriT _ `gTxovT nu
gvestumrebiT~. xolo amerikeli mwerali jerom selinjeri dRemde gandegiliviT cxov-
robs Tavis mamulSi, danamdvilebiT isic ki ar viciT, dResac cocxalia Tu ara.
265
rogor fiqrobT, CvenSi ramdenadaa SesaZlebeli amgvari ganmartoeba? dasaSvebad mi-
gaCniaT, rom saqarTveloSic SeiZleba romelime ganmartoebis moyvarulma adamianma
Tavisi ezos WiSkars hesesaviT warwera miakras, gTxovT nu gvestumrebiTo? ratom?
2. martooba sxva problemaa, ganmartoebasTan mas naklebad aqvs kavSiri.

martoobis problemaze Tavisi Tvalsazrisi aqvs gamoTqmuli kritikos guram asaTi-
ans, romlis fragmentsac axla gTavazobT wasakiTxad:
`...qarTveli kaci arsebiTad arasodes ar aris marto. ara mgonia, rom es misi CamorCeni-
lobiT unda aixsnebodes, rom, rodesac isic eziareba `namdvil” civilizacias, amis Sem-
deg TavisTavad `gauvlis” es Tviseba (cxadia, me Sors var im azrisgan, rom es mxolod
qarTvelebis Tvisebaa).
...Tanamedrove dasavluri literaturis TiTqmis yvela gmiri martoa. SesaZloa imis ga-
mo, rom ojaxi da ojaxidan momdinare kavSirebi dairRva.
golzuorTis6 gmirebs, Tomas manis budenbrokebs7 TiTqos hqondaT, raRac, erTobis
msgavsi. magram mizezi (zemoxsenebuli kavSirebis darRveva) Tavis mxriv Sedegic iyo.
Sedegi, Cemi azriT, ara mxolod istoriuli kanonzomierebisa, aramed imisac, rom am
adamianebs _ forsaitebs, budenbrokebs _ ar hqondaT saTanadod Zlieri instinqti _ ar
hqondaT namdvilad Zlieri, Rrma moTxovnileba erTobisa.
CvenSi dRemde sxva suraTia. am Temaze SeiZleba xumrobac. Tamaz meliava8, magaliTad,
ambobda: `nenaviJu stadni obraz Jizni~9 (es, ZiriTadad, qarTvelebs exeboda).
sxvas uTqvams:
saqarTveloSi martoobis problema gamoricxulia, radgan aravin gaZlevs uflebas gan-
martovde, dafiqrde, goneba moikribo (igulisxmeba yoveldRiuri `ria-ria~, romelic
giTrevs da ar geSveba).
erTi sityviT, es naklicaa cxovrebis qarTuli wesisa.
magram mTavaria, Cemi azriT am Tvisebis saRi, SesaniSnavi, gasaocari arsi. es aris kacT-
moyvareobis Taviseburi wyurvilis gamovlineba. es iseTi Tvisebaa, romelic ndobas
gulisxmobs.
qarTveli kaci, miuxedavad uamravi mware ganacadisa, romelsac masSi es Tviseba unda
moekla, ndobis wyurvils ganicdis. mas cxovreba umZims, Tu vinmes ar miendo.
... givi maRulariam10 Cemi TandaswrebiT Tqva aseTi sityvebi: `me mirCevnia gendo da mov-
tyuvde, vidre ar gendo~.
garda amisa qarTvel kacs namdvilad aqvs moTxovnileba sxvisTvis Tavganwirvisa... dos-
toevskisTan11 moyvasis siyvaruli mwuxare grZnobaa, raRac Saxsei-vaxseis12 msgavsi, ga-
uxareli grZnoba, romelic tanjvas gulisxmobs. ara mxolod sxvisi tanjvis ganawilebas,
an sxvis magivrad tanjvas, aramed Sinagan gvemasac (TviTgvemas).
naTqvamia: `nado delat dobro, lubia~13.
qarTveli kacisTvis sikeTis keTeba, idealur formaSi sixarulsac niSnavs, qarTveli
ase ityoda: `nado delat dobro raduias~14.
qristianulma zneobam qarTul transkripciaSi xalisiani, mziuri forma miiRo.
martoobis daTrgunva mxolod namdvili siyvaruliT SeiZleba.
arCevani
6
igulisxmeba ingliseli mwerlis jon golzuorTis (1867_1933) roman `forsaitebis sagas~ gmirebi.
7
igulisxmeba germaneli mwerlis Tomas manis (1875_1955) romani `budenbrokebi~. Targmnilia qarTulad.
8
Tamaz meliava (1929_1972) _ qarTveli scenaristi da reJisori.
V Tavi
9
àr miyvars joguri wesiT cxovreba~.
10
givi maRularia (1926_1995) _ qarTveli mwerali.
11
feodor dostoevski (1821_1881) _ gamoCenili rusi mwerali.
12
Saxsei-vaxsei _ muslimebis religiuri rituali, TviTgvema.
13
`sikeTe unda akeTo siyvaruliT~.
266 14
`sikeTe unda akeTo sixaruliT~.
martooba egoisturi grZnobaa. martooba imas niSnavs, rom Sen, pirvel rigSi, Seni Tavi
giyvars da Seni Tavi gecodeba.
saSinelia, Semzaravia adamiani, romelic martodmarto rCeba Tavis pativmoyvareobas-
Tan, aRusrulebel zraxvebTan, Tavis daCagrulobasTan, iWvTan, nawyenobasTan...
Tavis Tavis Wirisufali TanagrZnobas ar iwvevs. baraTaSvilis `suli obolis~ paTosi
mainc martoobis gadalaxvis ndomaa da ara dakanoneba.
adamiani, romelic martoobas danebda, TviTon aris martoobis bacilis matarebeli,
misi erT-erTi `medroSe~.
vinc martoobis kerpis winaSe daemxo maSin, roca fexze wamodgoma, gareT gasvla da
erTi kacis gadarCena (Tundac martoobisagan) mainc SeeZlo, TviTon aris pirveli xe-
lisSemwyobi adamianTa sabediswero ganmartovebisa.
qarTuli sufra (Tavisi idealiT) swored martoobis daTrgunvas moaswavebs. qarTvels
gaTqvefa ar exerxeba, magram mas, aucileblad mxarSi unda edges viRac, visac suls da
xmas SeuTanxmebs.
qarTvelebs ara aqvT erTmaneTisadmi gulgrilobis grZnoba. isini, marTalia, mwared
mtroben erTmaneTs, magram uerTmaneTod gaZleba ar SeuZliaT, yvelaze metad mainc
erTmaneTis azri ainteresebT. erTmaneTs undaT ajobon, Tavi moawonon...~
merab mamardaSvils ekuTvnis erTi aseTi azri: àzrovneba mxolod calke gandgomiT
SeiZleba. Tu gverdze gavdeqiT, gavCumdiT da martoni davrCiT, maSin is, rac Cvens TavSi mox-
deba, SeiZleba, Tu RmerTma gviSvela, azrovnebac iyos. amgvari simartove _ es albaT paradoq-
sia, _ aris piroba da adgili, sxva adamianebTan kavSirisa, siyvarulisa da megobrobisa~.
1. daakvirdiT, ras ambobs saqarTveloSi ganmartoebis SesaZleblobaze guram asaTiani?

imsjeleT, Tqveni azriT, ra gansxvavebaa ganmartoebasa da martoobas Soris.
2. rogor komentars gaukeTebT givi maRularias naTqvams: `me mirCevnia gendo da mov-
tyuvde, vidre ar gendo~.
3. guram asaTiani, faqtobrivad, qarTul msoflgancdas adarebs evropulsa da rusul
msoflgancdebs. eTanxmebiT Tu ara mis daskvnebs?
4. rogori urTierTmimarTebaa merab mamardaSvilis azrsa da guram asaTianis teqsts So-
ris, erTmaneTs avseben Tu ewinaaRmdegebian? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
arCevani
V Tavi
267
§ III
Tamaz natroSvili
rom momavali Cvenia...
nikolo miwiSvilis uaRresad saintereso werilSi1 aRZrulia is sa-

Wirboroto sakiTxebi, romlebic yovel patiosansa da moazrovne adamians,
ueWvelia, yovelTvis awuxebda da dResac awuxebs.
cnobili gamoTqmis Tanaxmad, Tuki gaugeb, kidec unda apatio. vfiqrob,
Tamaz unda SevundoT miwiSvils zogi ram, rac Cvens smenas ar atkbobs, rac Seuw-
natroSvili ynareblad migvaCnia da rac warmoudgenelia, rom virwmunoT.
Tanamedrove gana im adamians, romelic Tavis TavSi daeWvebula da eZebs Tavisi war-
qarTveli
mwerali suli cxovrebis Secdomebsa Tu codvebs, romelic misdevs Tundac dasaZrax
`bednieri eris TviTgvemas, arc Tavisi awindeli arsebobis wesi moswons da arc momavali
avtors~ ra Tqma eimedeba, gana SeiZleba daswamo Tavisi Tavis uaryofa anda siZulvili? da
unda, verc erTi Tuki sakuTari cxovrebis gansja SeiZleba mkacrad da daundoblad, ratom
WkuaTmyofeli
ver ukiJinebda
ar SeiZleba aseve gansajos mweralma mSobeli xalxi da samSoblo?
erovnul nihi- meoce saukunis udidesi mwerlis franc kafkas2 sityviT, erovnuli li-
lizms, radganac teraturis erT-erT mTavar amocanas Seadgens erovnul mankierebaTa Cve-
dgeba wuTi, rode-
neba, gansawmendeli.
sac yovelive amaR-
lebuli da Tval- rac Seexeba miwiSvilis werilis gamo 1927 wels gamarTul polemikas,
warmtaci ukana upirveles yovlisa, SesaSuria oponentTa TavdaWerili toni. aravin gaan-
planze ixevs, yvela Cxlebula, Seuracxmyofeli da avzniani iarliyebi ar miukerebiaT nihi-
tkbili xma CaxSo-
bas iTxovs da er- listuri3 werilis avtorisaTvis, mxolod da mxolod argumentebiT Seeb-
TaderTi, yvelaze rZolnen.
mtkivneuli da ga- grigol robaqiZe brZnulad SeniSnavda: àr aris saWiro arc gajavreba
daudebeli idea
wamoiwevs win. es da arc aRSfoTeba, roca aseT sityvebs kiTxulob. arc is unda ifiqro, rom
is wuTia, rodesac avtori boroti azriT aris àtrovebuli~. aq ufro `tkivilia~, vidre àz-
sulierad jansari~. es sulis krizisia da aseTi krizisi bevrs ganucdia~.
Ri adamianis sme-
na mxolod mware
damowmebuli citata didi Semoqmedis sanimuSo gakveTilad gamodge-
simarTles moiT- boda sxvadasxva juris vnebaaSlil demagogTaTvis.
xovs~. miwiSvili gulistkiviliT werda: `roca gadavxedav Cvens istorias _
T. natroSvili iq me RvTis xels ver vnaxulob. Cveni arseboba dacinvaa gangebisa Cvens
Tavze. CvenSia Camjdari lomi da rwyili, eSmaki da angelozi, niWi da yiyvi...
aris raRaca Sekowiwebuli da gadayrili, mibneul-mobneuli. xerxemals qarTuli ideisa me
ver vpoulob da verc azrs saqarTveloisas warsulSi~.
rasakvirvelia, es Sorsa dgas mecnieruli msjelobisagan da poetis godebas ufro waagavs.
dasabuTeba Tu uaryofa miwiSvilis hiperkritikuli Sexedulebisa saqarTvelos warsulze Zal-
ze Sors wagviyvanda. amitomac robaqiZem metoqis iaraRiTve scada paeqroba. Cvens istoriaSi
RvTis xels ver vnaxulobo, Tqva miwiSvilma da pasuxad robaqiZem gaixsena cotne dadiani (da
sxvebic). magram miwiSvils uxvad SeeZlo moeyvana sapirispiro magaliTebi, daesaxelebina Tun-
dac cotnes Tanamedrove _ rusudan dedofali (Zmiswulis mkvleloba rom dagegma). robaqiZe
arCevani
RvTis xels xedavda cotnes TavdadebaSi, magram ager rusudans rom eSmakis xeli aTamaSebs?
V Tavi
1
nikolo miwiSvili (1896_1937) _ qarTveli mwerali, romelmac 1926 wels Jurnal `qarTul mwerlobaSi~
gamoaqveyna werili `fiqrebi saqarTveloze~. werils maSinve didi gamoxmaureba mohyva. didi xnis Semdeg,
kerZod, 1993 wels mweral Teimuraz maRlaferiZis (1936_1995) iniciativiT polemika kvlav ganaxlda.
Tamaz natroSvilis werili swored am polemikis masalebidanaa amoRebuli.
2
franc kafka (1883_1924) _ avstrieli mwerali.
268 3
nihilizmi _ yvelafris xelaRebiT uaryofa.
gana miwiSvils ki ar axsovda cotnes ambavi? (mSvenivrad icoda ùdidesi magaliTebi gmi-
robisa da keTilSobilebis, paTosisa da maRal niWierebis~), magram moyvasTaTvis Tavdadebu-
li gmiris gaxseneba ar gamodgeba dRevandel `wylulebaTa didTa~ mosarCenad. cotne gvixa-
ria da gveamayeba, xolo rusudani gvtkiva da gvaRonebs. da vgoneb, tkivili ufro gvaiZulebs
xmis amoRebas, ufro iTxovs gamgonesa da gamgebs, vidre siame.
cxadze cxadia, eqimma unda daamSvidos sneuli, rwmena STaunergos gankurnebisa, magram,
Tuki uaryofs sneulebis aSkara simptomebs da dabejiTebiT arwmunebs sneuls, yvelaferi rig-
zea da Senze janmrTeli aravin ariso, es xom mkurnalobaze xelis aRebas niSnavs da ra fasi
eqneba amgvar fsiqoTerapias?
miwiSvilis oponentTa Soris, Cemi azriT, yvelaze safuZvliani pasuxiT gamoirCeva mixe-
il javaxiSvili. igi Cvens ubedurebaTa wyebas xsnis qveynis geografiuli mdebareobiTa da
irgvliv datrialebuli istoriuli qartexilebiT. savsebiT samarTliani mosazrebaa, magram
gana Svebas moutans sneuls eqimi, Tuki auxsnis, rom misi sneuleba garegani faqtorebiT aris
gamowveuli da genebTan araferi aqvs saerTo?
robaqiZe werda: `saukunedan saukuneSi meordeba òqros verZis~ ambavi da medeas legenda
da argonavtebi jer kidev ar scxrebian. amisTvisaa, rom ucxoels izidavs saqarTvelo. arqan-
jelo lamberti,4 pietro dela vale,5 Sarden6 _ modian saqarTvelosken, rogorc mzis badeSi
gakvalTul dedoflisaken~.
imedia, ukadris Cxirkedelaobad ar CamomarTmevs mkiTxveli, Tuki vityvi Semdegs: arqan-
jelo lamberti vatikanma7 gaamwesa saqarTveloSi dafuZnebul TeaTinelTa8 misionSi. aseTive
warmatebiT SeiZleba gaegzavnaT osmaleTSi an iranSi, indoeTSi an CineTSi; pietro dela vale
saqarTveloSi saerTod ar yofila; Jan Sardeni komersanti iyo da savaWrod miemgzavreboda
irans. saqarTveloze gzad gamoiara.
lambertis, dela valesa da Sardens rom waekiTxaT `mzis badeSi gakvalTuli dedofali~,
albaT, gaukvirdebodaT da egeb gascinebodaT kidec.
robaqiZe dasZens: `magaliTebi sxvac bevria. xolo erTi samudamo Rerbad sWris am mxibla-
obas~ da gadmogvcems zemoxsenebuli pietro dela vales samijnuro Tavgadasavals aRmosav-
leTSi mogzaurobisas (goeTes mixedviT). sirieli qristiani qali, saxelad maani, gadaqceula
qarTvel qalad. es Secdoma goeTedan momdinareobs, magram robaqiZe, Tavis mxriv, aRrmavebs
daSvebul uzustobas, rodesac askvnis, `maani~ albaT `manana~ iqnebodao.
amgvar detalebze yuradRebis gamaxvileba, SesaZloa, saCoTiroc iyos esoden mniSvnelo-
van sakiTxebze msjelobisas; magram arazustad rom imowmeben faqtebs, maSin mosalodnelia
saWoWmano debulebaTa gamoTqma da umarTebulo poziciis Camoyalibebac.
Cemi azriT, miwiSvilic da robaqiZec, Tu SeiZleba ase iTqvas, erovnuli gandidebis maniiT
arian Sepyrobili, erTi da imave medlis or mxares gamoxataven. pirveli imaze wuxs, rom Cveni
istoriiTa da kulturiT ver vutoldebiT Cvenze gacilebiT mravalricxovansa da warCinebul
erebs (saidan amxela ambiciebi?). meore ki darwmunebulia Cvens gamorCeulobaSi da amtkicebs,
`qarTlis cxovrebis~ sadari wigni mTels qveynierebaze Zvirad moipovebao, es aris didi xalxis
didi eposio.
ra Tqma unda, kninobiTi kompleqsi dasagmobia, magram riTi sjobs mas gandidebis mania,
romelsac swored kninobiTi kompleqsi asazrdoebs?
sxva dargebs rom Tavi davaneboT da mxolod Cvens poezias daveyrdnoT, esec sakmarisi
iqneboda kninobiTi kompleqsis dasaZlevad. rusTveli, vaJa, galaktioni _ Cven xom viciT maTi
arCevani
fasi. nuTu mTelma samyarom unda dagvikras taSi, rom maincdamainc maSin dagveuflos kmayo-
4
arqanjelo lamberti _ italieli misioneri, TeaTinelTa ordenis beri. 1633_49 wlebSi cxovrobda
V Tavi
saqarTveloSi.
5
pietro dela vale (1586_1652) _ italieli mogzauri, poeti, istorikosi.
6
Jan Sardeni (1643_1713) _ frangi mogzauri da vaWari.
7
vatikani _ romis papis rezidencia. warmoadgens calke saxelmwifos q. romis centrSi.
8
TeaTinelebi _ kaTolike berTa ordeni, daarsda 1524 wels romSi. 1628 wlidan moRvaweobdnen sa-
qarTveloSic.
269
fileba? egeb daviokoT pretenziuli vnebani da bolos da bolos CamoviferTxoT provincia-
lizmis mtveri!
zemoT aRvniSne, miwiSvilis sityvebi poetis godebas ufro waagavs-meTqi. magram axla
yuri vaTxovoT mecniers. saqarTvelos istoriis didebuli mkvlevari zurab avaliSvili9 wer-
da: `jvarosnuli saqarTvelo, saqarTvelo guladi mefeebisa, qveli ierarqebisa, swavluli da
RvTismosavi berebisa, ubadlo raindebisa, saqarTvelo miwis muSakTa, ukanasknel amosunTqvam-
de rom icavdnen mSobliur vel-mindvrebs _ es mTeli saqarTvelo rodi gaxlavT. es aris mxo-
lod erTi, Tumca saukeTeso, stiqia misi istoriuli cxovrebisa. arsebobs sxva saqarTveloc,
aranakleb, Tu metad ara, qmediTi, vidre is _ pirveli. esaa saqarTvelo rjulgandgomil mefeTa,
yaenis mliqvnelTa, mglebad gadaqceul moZRvarTa, ymebiT movaWre TavadTa, Zarcvis instin-
qtebiT Sepyrobil aznaurTa da iaraRasxmul maTive SinaymaTa saqarTvelo. es ori saqarTvelo
erTimeoris gverdigverd cxovrobda, erTimeoreSi arasodes gaTqvefila, magram xSirad erTi
gamoCndeboda xolme wina planze, xolo meore CrdilSi rCeboda~.
gana avaliSvili igives ar ambobs, rasac miwiSvili?
amgvarad, mxolod miwiSvils ar gamouTqvams skeptikuri Tvalsazrisi Cveni warsulis Se-
saxeb. magram yvelaze saintereso is gaxlavT, rom miwiSvilTan polemikaSi robaqiZes daviwye-
bia adrindeli Sexedulebani, riTac moxerxebulad isargebla miwiSvilma da Tavis pasuxSi,
rogorc ityvian, pirdapir daaSamaTa robaqiZe, romelic 1920 wels (miwiSvilamde ori wliT
adre) Turme werda: `Cven `mewvrilmaneebica~ varT da `raindebic~. qarTveli kaci `laqiac~
aris da `mefec~, `Julikic~ da àristokratic~. qarTuli yofa funqcionaluria. saqarTvelo
aris da kidevac ar aris. mas ar sjera Tavis Tavis da surs sxva iyos. qarTveli gaurbis Tavis-
Tavs (cuds), rom naxos Tavis-Tavi (ukeTesi). amitom ismeba sakiTxi: an Tavis-Tavis monaxva, an
sruli daRupva. gza xsnili ar aris sxva~.
ara, miwiSvili eulad ar yofila gariyuli Tavis `fiqrebSi”. nu SevracxavT jansaR ojaxSi
gaCenil maxinjad Tu monstrad! TviTonac mSvenivrad icoda es da Tavs ase imarTlebda: `vin
ityvis, rom ilia WavWavaZe, akaki wereTeli, arCil jorjaZe, noe Jordania, mixako wereTeli,
grigol robaqiZe, geronti qiqoZe da bevri kidev sxva ar iyvnen siyvaruliT mofiqralni sa-
qarTveloze. mravali sazomiT SeiZleba maTi azrovnebis Sefaseba da SeiZleba kidev uaryo-
fac, magram maTi, xSirad `melanqoliuri SeniSvnebi~ saqarTveloze, xandaxan zedmeti radika-
lobiTac gamoTqmuli, ar SeiZleba axsnil iqnas imiT, rom isini uaryofdnen saqarTvelos...
gzis Zebna da iWvianoba, sakuTari Tavis kritika da metis survili _ es araa pesimizmi. axalgaz-
rdoba unda aRizardos am Ziebisa da azrovnebis atmosferoSi~.
ra Tqma unda, gulubryviloba iqneboda gvefiqra, rom martooden Cven gvaxasiaTebs esa Tu
is ukeTureba (zogjer xom asec hgoniaT!). rodesac Semzaravi sinamdvile gvTrgunavs, SesaZloa,
TviTgvemis Jins avyveT da polemikuri muxtis zegavleniT veRar movzomoT saTqmeli. amgvari
utrirebis Cinebuli nimuSia miwiSvilis sityvebi rusTvelze. veravin damarwmunebs, rom mi-
wiSvili seriozulad varaudobda, `TiTqosda rusTveli araa qarTveli~. anda `misi poema ad-
vilad naSovnia sadme~.
da rac mTavaria, ulmobeli TviTgansja da gazviadebuli TviTkritika ar aris ucxo xili
sxva qveynebis SvilTaTvis. saxeldaxelod davimowmeb maqsim gorkis10, romelic Cveni saukunis
ocian wlebSi (emigraciaSi yofnisas) werda: `me vfiqrob, rom rus xalxs gamorCeviT axasiaTebs
gansakuTrebuli sisastike, iseve rogorc inglisels _ iumoris grZnoba. rusuli sisastike
gulcivia, masSi igrZnoba eSmakiseuli gawafuloba.
arCevani
masSi aris raRac natifi, daxvewili... vin ufro sastiki iyo _ TeTrebi Tu wiTlebi? albaT,
Tanabrad sastikni iyvnen, radgan erTnic da meorenic rusebi arian~. samoqalaqo omis istoriidan
mwerals mohyavs friad SemaZrwunebeli magaliTebi sisastikisa, Tmas rom yalyze dagiyenebs.
miwiSvilis nihilizmi aba aq ra mosatania!
V Tavi
vgoneb, axali araferi miTqvams, magram eWvmiutaneli WeSmaritebac drodadro moiTxovs

gameorebas, raTa ar darCes xmad mRaRadeblisa udabnosa zeda.
9
zurab avaliSvili (1876_1944) _ qarTveli istorikosi.
270 10
maqsim gorki (1868_1936) _ rusi mwerali. e.w. `socialisturi realizmis~ fuZemdebeli.
miwiSvilis werilis ZiriTadi arsi sruliadac ar warmoadgens misi politikuri mrwamsis
nayofs da ufro exmianeba im saxelovan winamorbedTa nafiqrals, visac sabWoTa ideologiuri
xundebi rodi amZimebda.
kidev erTxel gavixsenoT daviT aRmaSeneblis istorikosis cnobili naTqvami: `naTesavi
qarTvelTa orgul buneba ars...~ gaivlis ori saukune da qarTveli JamTaaRmwereli gvauwyebs:
`yoveli asaki berTa da yrmaTa, mefeTa da mTavarTa, didTa da mcireTa midrka siboroted~.
mTel ers gamoutana sastiki msjavri mSobeli qveynis gaveranebiT Tavzardacemulma mematianem,
mTeli eri Serisxa! gaivlis kidev sami saukune, gaivlis tanjviTa da vaebiT, da kidev erTi
mkacri Sefaseba gvesmis: àsre sWirT saqarTvelosas didebulT, gina mcireTa, azvavdebian,
ityvian, uCemoT vin imRereTa?!~; gaivlis kidev ori saukune da gulistkivils mxarSi amoudgeba
SeuniRbavi ironia, romelic kidev ufro mware ieriT mosavs piruTvnel gamkiTxvelis msjavrs:
`CvenisTana bednieri gana aris sadme eri?! mcire, didi _ yvela flidi, cuRluti da mankieri~.
umwifar nihilistebad da samSoblos moZuleebad gamovacxadoT damowmebuli avtorebi?
Cveni saukunis ocian wlebSi ki miwiSvili ityvis, Cveni arseboba dacinvaa gangebisa Cvens
Tavzeo.
gana dRevandeli viTareba TvalnaTliv ar adasturebs am sityvebs?
kvlav miwiSvils unda davesesxo saTqmeli (Tuki ar damZraxaven citatebis simravlis ga-
mo): `dRes yovel gakotrebul politikoss Tavisi Tavi wminda sebastiane hgonia, romelic
daisrulia samSobloTi da samSoblosaTvis. yoveli meSCanini11, romelic ver axerxebs namdvi-
li saqonliT spekulacias _ spekulantobs dRes saqarTvelos siyvaruliT~.
uRmerTobam namdvilad wagvleka. uRmerTobad, cxadia, imas rodi vgulisxmob, rom ekle-
siaSi ar davdiodiT da ar vmarxulobdiT (rogorc zogierTi galaRebuli prozeliti12 qada-
gebs). sxvaTa Soris, uRmerToba imasac hqvia, rodesac kargad vamCnevT mxolod sxvaTa uRmer-
Tobas (bewvi da dire!)...
miwiSvilis ukiduresad skeptikuri mosazrebac ki (`saqarTvelo pasiuri movlenaa. misi
energia gamowveuli iyo sxva, misi gareSe myof movlenisagan _ energia Wiis, roca mas fexs
aWeren~), vfiqrob, Seicavs WeSmaritebis garkveul marcvals da usaTuod unda vaqcioT igi
gansjis sagnad. dae, nu SegvakrTobs Cveni samSoblos warmosaxva (warsulsa da awmyoSi) fexqveS
moqceul Wiayelad.
...vaJa-fSavela ambobda: `rom momavali Cvenia, amas rad unda misani?!~ uneblieT magondeba
dostoevskis13 sityvebic: `maTematikurad rom damimtkicon, WeSmariteba qristeSi ar ariso,
qristesTan ufro varCevdi darCenas, vidre WeSmaritebasTan~. aq xazgasasmelia is garemoeba,
rom didi rusi mwerali fasdaudebel ganZad miiCnevda WeSmaritebas da Tavis erT gamosvlaSi
yvelaze da yvelaferze maRla ayenebda _ puSkinze14 da nekrasovze15 maRla, mSobel xalxze maR-
la, mTels ruseTze maRla. magram, rogorc vxedavT, qristeze maRla ver dauyenebia.
Tuki mkrexelobad ar CameTvleba damowmebuli citatis perifrazi, mec varCevdi darCenas
vaJa-fSavelasTan da misi optimizmis gaziarebas, miuxedavad imisa, uweria Tu ara gamarTleba
mkafiod gamoTqmul rwmenas poetis im leqsidan, romelic Seqmnilia 1910 wels da mZafrad
ilaSqrebs sulswrafobisa da umecarTa faci-fucobis winaaRmdeg. gacveTili Sedarebaa, magram
ar viTakileb _ seismografiviT grZnobda qarTveli geniosi moaxloebul saSinel miwisZvras
da mainc ar daukargavs imedi momavlisa.
sxva raRa dagvrCenia, Cvenc unda davZlioT uimedoba...
arCevani
1994
V Tavi
11
meSCanini (meSCani) _ Zvel ruseTSi wvril vaWarTa, xelosanTa, msaxurTa da misTanaTa wodeba. gada-
taniT, adamiani, romelsac viwro TvalTaxedva aqvs.
12
prozeliti _ visac axlad aqvs miRebuli romelime sarwmunoeba.
13
feodor dostoevski (1821_1881) _ rusi mwerali.
14
aleqsandr puSkini (1799_1837) _ rusi poeti.
15
nikolai nekrasovi (1821_1877) _ rusi poeti.
271
saubari
nikolo miwiSvilis werilTan dakavSirebuli masalebi 2006 wels calke wignad gamoica.
imisaTvis, rom ukeT gaiazroT, ratom gamoiwvia n. miwiSvilis naSromma aseTi rezonansi, gTa-
vazobT fragments wignis redaqtoris levan bregaZis boloTqmidan:
`80 wlis win, 1926 wels, xuTi wlis gasabWoebul saqarTveloSi gamomaval Jurnal `qarTul
mwerlobaSi~ gamoqveynda werili `fiqrebi saqarTveloze~, romelmac SeZra inteleqtualuri
elita. misi avtori iyo 30 wlis nikolo miwiSvili, maSin ukve cnobili mwerali (poeti, proza-
ikosi, publicisti) da sazogado moRvawe, redaqtori imave Jurnalisa, romelSic `fiqrebi
saqarTveloze~ daibeWda.
es iyo qarTuli xasiaTis, kulturis, qarTveli xalxis istoriisa da Tanamedroveobis iseTi
uaryofiTi Sefaseba, romlis gverdiT erTbaSad gaxunda adre gamoTqmuli mZafri kritikuli
Tvalsazrisebi amave sakiTxze mofiqrali didi qarTveli patriotebisa _ daviT aRmaSeneblis
istorikosisa Tu JamTaaRmwerelisa, daviT guramiSvilisa Tu arCil mefisa, ilia WavWavaZisa Tu
akaki wereTlisa. arada, TiTqos raRa unda Tqmuliyo amaze mZafrad: `furTxis Rirsi xar Sen,
saqarTvelov!~ (akaki) da `CvenisTana bednieri gana aris sadme eri?! mtverwayrili, Tavdaxrili,
yovlad uqmi, udieri; uzRudoni, gzamrudoni, argamtani da cbieri, mtris ar mcnobi, moyvris
mgmobi, gareT mxdali, Sin Zlieri; arris mqone, arris mcodne, uzrunveli da mSieri~ (ilia).
nikolo miwiSvilis ramdenime gamonaTqvamma, xalxuri xatovanebis Targze moWrilma, maT
Soris, saqarTvelos Sedarebam uSvilobis wamaldaleul qalTan, qarTuli prozisa _ aZag-
Zagebul ciebian qaTamTan, Zalze gaaRiziana Tanamedroveni; erTi amgvari gamonaTqvamTa-
gani ki (etyoba, sxvaze axlo mdgomi WeSmaritebasTan!) ise mtkivneulad Seexo Cvens Tanamema-
muleTa Tavmoyvareobas, rom, albaT, arc arasodes amoiSleba qarTvelis xsovnidan: `misi (sa-
qarTvelos _ l.b.) energia gamowveuli iyo sxva, mis gareSe myof movlenisagan (energia
Wiis, roca mas fexs aWeren)~.
iSviaTi bedi xvda wilad nikolo miwiSvilis am Txzulebas: igi, drois didi intervalebiT,
ramdenjerme gaxda mwvave polemikis sababi presis furclebze...
...es kamaTi jerac ar SeiZleba damTavrebulad CaiTvalos~.
levan bregaZe
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. Tamaz natroSvilis teqsti nikolo miwiSvilis werilis Sesaxeb gamarTuli polemikis

masalebidan amoviReT. rogorc iciT, polemikis dros xSirad Wirs xolme emociebis
daokeba. magram Tamaz natroSvilis werilis kiTxvisas ra gxvdebaT TvalSi _ Warbi emo-
ciebi Tu dinji msjeloba dasmuli problemis Sesaxeb? rogor gansazRvravdiT amgvari
stilis mTavar damaxasiaTebel Tvisebas? zogadad romeli met zemoqmedebas axdens
Tqvenze _ msjelobis racionaluri Tu emociuri manera?
2. Tqveni azriT, aris Tu ara damajerebeli Tamaz natroSvilis teqsti? daakvirdiT da
CainiSneT, ra saSualebebiT aRwevs an ver aRwevs amas mwerali.
arCevani
teqstis analizi
V Tavi
1. Tqveni azriT, ramdenad dasaSvebia, rom mweralma mSobeli xalxi da samSoblo mkacrad
da daundoblad gansajos? ratom?
2. teqstSi moZebneT is adgili, romelSic Tamaz natroSvili grigol robaqiZis argumen-
taciaze msjelobs. Tqveni azriT, marTla saCoTiroa esoden mniSvnelovan sakiTxebze
272 msjelobisas amgvar detalebze yuradRebis gamaxvileba Tu piriqiT? ratom?
3. Tqveni azriT, ris simptomad SeiZleba CaiTvalos is garemoeba, rom kmayofilebis gan-
sacdelad maincdamainc mTeli samyaro unda gvikravdes taSs?
4. ganmarteT, rogor esmis Tamaz natroSvils provincializmi. eTanxmebiT Tu ara amgvar
interpretacias? ratom?
5. daakvirdiT: teqstis avtori n. miwiSvilisa da gr. robaqiZis poziciebs erTgvarad upi-
rispirebs da adarebs zurab avaliSvilis Tvlsazriss. yuradRebiT SeiswavleT samive
pozicia. Tqveni azriT, riTi gamoirCeva zurab avaliSvilis msjeloba? romel Tval-
sazriss uaxlovdeba Tavad T. natroSvilis werilis paTosi? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
6. nikolo miwiSvilis werilis gamoqveynebidan TiTqmis 80 wlis gasvlis Semdeg, gasuli
saukunis 90-ian wlebSi, kvlav ganaxlda polemika qarTuli xasiaTisa da kulturis Se-
saxeb. Tqveni azriT, es SemTxveviT moxda Tu amas Tavisi mizezebi hqonda?
7. Tamaz natroSvils 90-iani wlebis situaciis dasaxasiaTeblad mohyavs n. miwiSvilis naT-
qvami: `dRes yovel gakotrebul politikoss Tavisi Tavi wminda sebastiane hgonia,
romelic daisrulia samSobloTi da samSoblosaTvis. yoveli meSCanini, romelic ver
axerxebs namdvili saqonliT spekulacias – spekulantobs dRes saqarTvelos siy-
varuliT~.
Tqveni azriT, raSi gamoixateba saqarTvelos siyvaruliT spekulantoba?
8. rogor fiqrobT, es movlena mxolod gasuli saukunis 20-ian da 90-ian wlebSi xdeboda
CvenSi Tu yovelTvis xdeba? ratom?
9. ganmarteT, rogor gesmiT: ùRmerToba imasac hqvia, rodesac kargad vamCnevT mxolod
sxvaTa uRmerTobas (bewvi da dire!)~.
waikiTxeT qvemoT moyvanili abzaci. Tamaz natroSvili wers:

`...Tuki eqimi uaryofs sneulebis aSkara simptomebs da dabejiTebiT arwmunebs sneuls,
yvelaferi rigzea da Senze janmrTeli aravin ariso, es xom mkurnalobaze xelis aRebas niSnavs
da ra fasi eqneba amgvar fsiqoTerapias?~
gasuli saukunis 90-iani wlebis dasawyisSi mwerali givi maRularia werda:
ìsini, viskenac Cven miviltviT, wynarad axerxeben imis Tqmas, razedac Cven vyviriT, sana-
xaobebs sazogadoebaSi ki ar awyoben, amisaTvis kinoSi an TeatrSi midian. roca Cven umiznod
davxetialobT quCaSi, am dros isini Sedegianad Sromoben. roca Cven patriotizmis dasamtki-
ceblad mkerdze vibagunebT xels, isini am sityvas amgvari mniSvnelobiT saerTod ar xmaroben,
radgan patriotizmi maTTvis SesaZeni ram ki ar aris, aramed bunebrivi, dabadebidan Zval-
rbilSi gamjdari grZnoba, ris xmamaRla gamoTqma rcxveniaT kidec. namdvili, Tavidan bolomde
gaazrebuli, samoqmedo principad qceuli Cveni arc siZulvilia da arc siyvaruli... Cvens nakls,
CamorCenilobasa da sisustes Cvenve valamazebT, vakeTilSobilebT da Semdeg vcdilobT uc-
xoelebs TvalSi nacari SevayaroT, gvggonia gagviva, ver migvixvdebian, ver Cagvwvdebian sulSi.
magram skeptikur, analitikur azrovnebas miCveuli adamianebi ase advilad ver tyuvdebian...~
jer kidev 1988 wels mwerali jemal qarCxaZe werda:
arCevani
`vici, es marto saqarTvelos ubedureba ar aris, magram is ki ar vici, rodis CavrTeT dama-
tebiTi siCqare da romel etapze gadavuswariT sxvebs, iseTi ra imaleboda Cveni bunebis Rrma
SreebSi, rom drom da viTarebam aseT sarevelad wamoSala... vidre mteri gareT gvyavda, veb-
rZodiT da vumklavdebodiT kidec, roca sulSi gagviCnda da Signidan Semogvitia, davibeniT,
V Tavi
radgan sakuTari Tavis winaaRmdeg brZola ar viciT. Cveni simRera da siyvaruli kvlavac xmau-
riania, mgznebare da paTetikuri, magram simRerisa da siyvarulis sagani Tu xelidan gamogve-
cala, usagno simRerasa da siyvaruls ras vaqnevT! droa Tvali gavaxiloT, iqneb ufskrulisken
miveqanebiT, Cven ki raki kudabzikoba amis gamxelis nebas ar gvaZlevs, gvggonia, TiTqos sazeimo 273
demonstraciaze mivabijebT! Tu axla ar SevCerdiT, Tu axla bejiTad, Rrmad da daundobeli
simarTliT ar gavarkvieT, ra Wiri gvWirs, Tu axla Cveni Sansi _ vin icis, ukanaskneli _ ar
gamoviyeneT, Tu axlac ar davZlieT Cveni gularxeinoba da RvTismoimedeoba, xval Cvens adgi-
las sxva saqarTvelo iqneba _ vaWrukana, cbieri, xarbi, uvici. visac Tvali aqvs, ar SeiZleba ver
xedavdes, rom raRac gadaubijebel zRvars gadavabijeT da fexqveS niadagi gamogvecala. Cveni
ganTqmuli patriotizmi farsad iqca, Cveni cnobili Tavmomwoneoba _ TvalTmaqcobad, Cveni
momxiblavi artistizmi _ takimasxrobad, Cveni Rirseuli siamaye _ baqiaobad. Cven kvlav miva-
deqiT provincializmis Waobs, saidanac mecxramete saukunis titanuri mecadineobis wyalobiT
amovediT. Cvenma crumxatvrulobam, crupaTetikam, cruerovnulobam, crupublicistikam,
crumoralma Cvenve wagvleka.~
logikurad daakavSireT erTmaneTTan T. natroSvilis, g. maRulariasa da j. qarCxaZis

azrebi. `mkurnalobis~ rogor meTods irCeven qarTveli mwerlebi? rogoria Tqveni
damokidebuleba amgvari meTodisadmi?
garda meTodologiuri Tanxvedrisa, igrZnoba Tu ara, rom es sami qarTveli mwerali

raRac Zalian mniSvnelovan sakiTxSi Sinaganad erTsa da imave poziciaze dgas? pasuxi
daasabuTeT.
rogorc xedavT, mwerlebi sakmaod daundoblad gansjian mSobel xalxsa da samSoblos.

Tqveni azriT, ra aiZulebT maT ase moiqcnen? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
ganmarteT, rogor gesmiT jemal qarCxaZis azri: `roca mteri sulSi gagviCnda da Signidan
Semogvitia, davibeniT, radgan sakuTari Tavis winaaRmdeg brZola ar viciT~.
raze miganiSnebT is garemoeba, rom qarTvelma mwerlebma es mosazrebani gasuli saukunis

80-iani wlebis bolosa da 90-iani wlebis dasawyisSi gamoTqves?
analitikuri komentaris momzadebisas, zemoT dasmul kiTxvebze pasuxis gacemis garda,
gaiTvaliswineT yvelaferi, rac ki am sakiTxze wagikiTxavT, gifiqriaT da weriTi dava-
leba ise SeasruleT.
interpretacia
Tamaz natroSvili wers: `Cemi azriT, miwiSvilic da robaqiZec, Tu SeiZleba ase iTqvas,
erovnuli gandidebis maniiT arian Sepyrobili, erTi da imave medlis or mxares gamoxataven.
pirveli imaze wuxs, rom Cveni istoriiTa da kulturiT ver vutoldebiT Cvenze gacilebiT
mravalricxovansa da warCinebul erebs (saidan amxela ambiciebi?). meore ki darwmunebulia
Cvens gamorCeulobaSi da amtkicebs, `qarTlis cxovrebis~ sadari wigni mTels qveynierebaze
Zvirad moipovebao, es aris didi xalxis didi eposio.
ra Tqma unda, kninobiTi kompleqsi dasagmobia, magram riTi sjobs mas gandidebis mania,
romelsac swored kninobiTi kompleqsi asazrdoebs?~
rogori iqneba am pasaJis Tqveneuli interpretacia?
arCevani
V Tavi
274
avtoris Sesaxeb
`guram asaTians ufro xSirad Soridan vxedavdi, magram es xels ar miS-

lida, rom masSi saimedo literaturuli megobari mguleboda. mas uyvar-
da mweralTa `siluetebis~ xatva. èqvsi silueti~ _ aleqsandre abaSelis,
leo qiaCelis, demna Sengelaias, ioseb griSaSvilis, raJden gvetaZis, akaki
beliaSvilis1 literaturuli portretebi _ TiTqmis Cem Tvalwin daiwera.
CvenTan, redaqciaSi, mohqonda xelnawerebi, ZneladgasarCevi da mraval-
guram asaTiani gzis Casworebuli... da roca vetyodiT, rom meoTxe siluetic mSvenivrad
1928_1982 iyo dawerili da mesames Tu ar sjobda, ar Camouvardeboda, misTvis Cveuli
`qarTuli xasia- lbili, auRelvebeli iumoriT ambobda: `Tqven, mgoni, damciniT~. cota xa-
Tis Rirsebebi da
xarvezebi zogjer nic da, axla ukve karidan mobrunebuli, Cailaparakebda: àra, namdvilad
erTmaneTTanaa damciniT~.
gadaxlarTuli. bedma marguna da (samwuxarod, axla amisi Tqmac SeiZleba), misi uka-
ufro metic, xSi-
rad isini erTma- naskneli werilis xelnaweric, niko lorTqifaniZes rom eZRvneboda, me
neTs ganapirobe- wavikiTxe. guli matkina amjerad ukve zedmiwevniT akuratulma xelna-
ben. me erT sisus- werma... albaT, aRar hqonda imedi, rom anawyobis wakiTxvas SeZlebda, Cve-
teze mogaxsenebT,
romelic Tavisi uli literaturuli pasuxismgebloba ki karnaxobda, rom yvelaferi
safuZvliT Zali- rigze yofiliyo, Secdoma arsad gaparuliyo.
an rTulia. qar- misi stilis eleganturoba, artistizmi, silamaze, pirovnul bune-
Tveli kacisTvis
damaxasiaTebelia baSic Zalumad mJRavndeboda. Soridanac mudam artistuli Canda, mom-
ukmarisobis xibvleli, Sinaganad gawonasworebuli, mSvidi. misTvis ucxo ar iyo arc
grZnoba, realur lirikuli guliTadoba, arc iumori, arc mRelvare paTosi. is sadisku-
mdgomareobasTan
Seurigebloba da sio tribunaze mudam erTgvari moridebiTac ki adioda, TiTqos iq mivi-
gamarjvebis, masze da, sadac ar elodneno. arc efeqturi oratoruli xerxebi emarjveboda,
zeimis, misi daZ- ufro sworad, uimisoba sulac ar aRelvebda, magram mudam gxiblavda
levis wyurvili,
rac xSirad mcire, azrovnebis sinaTliT, emociurobiT da imave azrovnebis silamaziT.~
araarsebiTi war- Tamaz bibiluri
matebiT uzomo
aRfrTovanebaSi
an fsevdogamar-
jvebulis pozaSi
vlindeba. orive
es Tviseba gareSe
Tvals amxiaru- guram asaTiani
lebs...~
g. asaTiani
I dialogi2
(vrceli remarkebiT3)
_ ès gulwrfeli wignia, mkiTxvelo~... _ ase iwyebs monteni Tavis `cdebs~. ramdeni qar-
Tuli wigni SeiZleba dawyebuliyo aseTi sityvebiT?
ucnobi gamomcdeli TvalebiT miyurebda. me gunebaSi maSinalurad daviwye Tvla: erTi,
ori... oTxi...
arCevani
1956 wels moskovidan TbilisSi vbrundebodi. aprilis dasawyisi iyo, _ qari, TovlWyapi.
gazafxuli, rogorc yovelTvis, nela Semodioda ruseTis dedaqalaqSi. haeri raRac ucnauri
winaTgrZnobiT iyo gaJRenTili.
V Tavi
1
XX saukunis qarTveli mwerlebi.
2
rogorc saTauridanac Cans, es gaxlavT I dialogi im dialogTa korpusidan, romelic sul eqvsi
dialogisgan Sedgeba.
3
remarka _ ganmarteba, SeniSvna.
275
ramdenime dRis win sakandidato disertacia davicavi. gadavwyvite saerTaSoriso vago
niT wamosvla, rom gzaSi cota mainc damesvena.
kupeSi ormocdaaTiode wlis mamakaci damxvda. ukve moSinaurebuliyo. Tbili wuRebi
da atlasis grZeli, mwvane zolebiani xalaTi ecva. Cemi Sesvla mgoni ver SeamCnia. raRac
Zveleburad gamocemul frangul wigns kiTxulobda. magidaze rusuli suvenirebi elaga.
moskovis bazarze nayidi ramdenime axalTaxali cocxi badeze Seewyo. _ ucxoelia, albaT, _
gavifiqre. Cemodani zemoT avdgi da savarZelze Camovjeqi. wignebi, romlebic CemodanSi ar
Cametia, magidaze davawyve. siCumem karga xans gastana. radioSi `faustis~ meore moqmedebas
gadmoscemdnen.
serpuxovs ukve gamocilebuli viyaviT, roca vagonis gamyolma Cai Semoitana.
Cems mezobels arc misTvis miuqcevia yuradReba. wignis kiTxvas ganagrZobda da xandaxan
Cum-Cumad eRimeboda ulvaSebSi. marcxena xeliT, romelzec ori msxvili beWedi ekeTa, wam
dauwum iwiwknida odnav Severcxlil blanJes.
raRac beberi vacismagvari iyo am kacis mTel garegnobaSi.
_ ànatol fransi4 xalaTSi~ _ uneburad gamaxsenda erTi patara wignis saTauri, rome
lic samjer viyide bukinistTan da samjerve ise mompares, wakiTxva ver movaswari. wignis
qurdoba studentobis dros Cvens wreSi, raRac keTilSobili abragobis msgavs vaJkacobad
iTvleboda.
gareT umTvaro Rame iyo. matarebeli zomierad gvarwevda da me TandaTan Tvlema momeria.
`...×òèò îäèí êóìèð ñâÿùåíûé~5... mReroda radioSi pirogovi6.
bavSvobaSi, ardadegebis dros erTma martorqisodena vacma didi SiSi maWama Cveni soflis
orRobeSi da amis Semdeg yoveli moklewveriani mamakacis danaxva farul Zrwolas mgvrida.
gareT gamovedi da sigareti gavabole. gamyoli raRacas RiRinebda koridorSi. gverdiT
rom Camiara, moulodnelad Tvali Camikra.
_ Åçäþò âñÿêèå7, SeTqmulis intonaciiT wamCurCula yurSi. Tvalebi SesamCnevad ucim
cimebda.
kupeSi Sevbrundi. Cemma mezobelma wigni daxura, radio gamorTo da grZeli, vercxliT
movarayebuli Cibuxi amoiRo ubis jibidan.
_ dabrZandiT! _ miTxra sufTa qarTuliT, iseTi kiloTi, TiTqos masTan sapatio audi
enciaze viyavi misuli.
me ratomRac Sesaferisi toniTve gadavuxade madloba da savarZelze Camovjeqi.
mezobelma Cibuxi datena. mkacri, odnav ironiuli saxiT maTvalierebda. Sevecade Tvali
gamesworebina... amindze mindoda damewyo laparaki, magram ucnobi TiTqos mixvda, gakilvis
niSnad TiTi damiqnia, kidev ufro SeWmuxna sqeli warbebi da uceb kategoriuli kiloTi da
misva is kiTxva:
_ ...ramdeni qarTuli wigni SeiZleba dawyebuliyo aseTi sityvebiT?
me jibidan asanTi amoviRe, wamovdeqi da CibuxTan mivutane cecxli. ucnobma iseTi kvamli
amouSva, erTi wuTiT Cem Tvalwin yvelaferi TeTr burusSi dainTqa. cxadia, pirdapir pasuxis
gacema gulubryviloba iqneboda...
_ qarTvel kacs yovelTvis unda, cotaTi mainc meti iyos imaze, rasac sinamdvileSi war
moadgens. es adamianuri Tvisebaa. _ ganagrZo ucnobma.
_ kidev kargi, ar vupasuxe! _ gamielva TavSi. _ idiotur mdgomareobaSi aRmovCndebodi.
V Tavi arCevani
SekiTxva, rasakvirvelia, ritorikuli iyo. garda amisa, me ukve samudamod gamovedi gamoc
debis Cabarebis asakidan. ra bednierebaa! vinc ra unda gkiTxos, SegiZlia xma ar gasce an
kiTxvaze kiTxviTve upasuxo. (aspiranturis damTavrebis Semdeg gamocdebi ramdenime weli-
4
anatol fransi (1844_1924) _ frangi mwerali.
5
`...Tayvans scems wminda kerps...~
6
aleqsandre pirogovi _ rusi saopero momRerali.
276 7
`dadian viRac-viRacebi~ (mdabiuri rusuliT).
kiTxvaze kiTxviTve upasuxo. (aspiranturis damTavrebis Semdeg gamocdebi ramdenime weli-
wads mxolod sizmrebSi mawuxebdnen. gamocdas yovelTvis Cveni klasis damrigebeli, didi
xnis gardacvlili qalbatoni sofio ibarebda. zustad iseT oTaxSi, bergmanis8 cnobili fil-
mis analogiuri epizodi rom mimdinareobs. gulis bagabugiT viRviZebdi da Cems sixaruls
sazRvari ar hqonda, roca sabolood davrwmundebodi, rom ukve aRarasodes, aRarcerT sa-
ganSi aRar momixdeboda gamocdis Cabareba).
_ garda amisa, _ ganagrZo ucnobma, _ sicrue safuZvlad udevs xelovnebas, rogorc ar-
tistizmis ganuyreli Tviseba. es trivialuri WeSmariteba yovelma qarTvelma rigiTma mkiT-
xvelma icis konstantine gamsaxurdias `TvalTai~-dan. magram sicrue mxolod xerxia xe-
lovnebaSi. Semoqmedebis mizans WeSmaritebasTan miaxloeba warmoadgens. am mxriv ki, yoveli
axali nabijis gadadgma SesaZlebelia mxolod maqsimaluri Sinagani siwrfelis pirobiT.
me ukve sruliad damSvidebuli viyavi. Tema, romelsac Cemi mezobeli Seexo, specialurad
mqonda damuSavebuli ramdenime wlis win, rodesac umcrosi kursis studentebs vutarebdi
seminars.
_ siwrfele, anu gulwrfeloba sabWoTa mwerlobaSi TavisTavad nagulisxmevi Tvisebaa.
momiteveT, magram dRes am sakiTxis wamoWra, rbilad rom vTqvaT, moklebulia yovelgvar
aqtualobas. _ me TviTon gamikvirda, ise swrafad, erTi amosunTqviT mivaxale es sityvebi.
ucnobi Cems wignebs aTvalierebda: `plexanovi xelovnebis Sesaxeb~; f. meringi, `rCeuli
werilebi~; ivaSeva, `XIX s. dasavleT evropis literaturis istoria~, t. I I. ucnobma usiamovno
RimiliT Semomxeda:
_ Tqven, rogorc Cans, literatori brZandebiT?
_ diax, kritikosi... ukve ori werili davbeWde `mnaTobSi~. rusul literaturul ga-
zeTSic iyo Cemi recenzia...
_ saqarTveloSi apirebT muSaobas?
_ rasakvirvelia.
_ hm...
es kaci ukve aSkarad maRizianebda. cxra wlis ganmavlobaSi imdeni leqcia movismine li-
teraturis Sesaxeb, saerTod aRaravis mosmena ar SemeZlo. axla me TviTon mindoda msje-
loba, sakuTari da sxvisgan SeZenili azrebis gaRrmaveba.
_ gagiWirdebaT... _ Zalian Cumad, TiTqmis CurCuliT miTxra ucnobma, _ profesiul kri-
tikas saqarTveloSi faqtobrivad mxolod erTi saukunis istoria aqvs. dafiqrebixarT am
faqts?
_ es obieqturi mizezebis brali iyo. kritikis ganviTarebisTvis saWiroa literaturuli
presis arseboba, mudmivi kulturuli dawesebulebebi...
_ Tqven marTla fiqrobT, rom es mxolod obieqturma pirobebma gamoiwvies?
_ cxadze cxadia!
_ hm!
(_ ra `hm~, _ mwared gavifiqre gulSi, _ es majlajuna Zilis saSualebas ar momcems amaRam!
ar gegonos, SemaSineb... SenisTana urwmunoebisTvis xSirad mogvigrexia kiseri! _ ar vici,
vis vgulisxmobdi, magram darwmunebuli viyavi, rom marTla mqonda Cadenili amgvari ram).
_ zustad aRar maxsovs, _ ganagrZo ucnobma, _ indoeTSi Tu afrikaSi cxovrobs erTi
kaci, romelic yvelaze saSineli qvewarmavlebis Sxams itans... emil zola9 amtkicebs, rom is
arCevani
yovel diliT muSaobis dawyebamde cocxal gombeSos ylapavda. qarTvelma kritikosma, Tu

mas seriozuli miznebi aqvs mwerlobaSi, daaxloebiT aseTi imuniteti unda gamoimuSaos.
_ Tqven siwrfeleze CamoagdeT sityva... ganagrZo ucnobma... gulwrfeloba Semoqmedis Si-
V Tavi
nagani Tavisuflebis, misi sulieri damoukideblobis pirveli niSania. namdvili geniosi am

TvisebiTac Seicnoba. Tumca siwrfelis moTxovnileba yovelTvis rodi warmoadgens zneobrivi
8
ingmar bergmani (1918_2007) _ Svedi reJisori, scenaristi da mwerali.
9
emil zola (1840_1902) _ frangi mwerali. evropul mwerlobaSi naturalizmis fuZemdebeli.
277
siwmindis Sedegs. yvelaze gulaxdil aRsarebebs is kariskacebi werdnen siberis Jams, romelTac
mTeli cxovreba farisevlobaSi gaatares.
ucnobma ivaSevas wigns daado beWdiani TiTi.
_ Satobriani10 gaqnili politikosi iyo, magram misi `saiqios Canawerebi~11 savsea momxib-
lavi uSualobiT. es am wignSi ar weria...
_ me ukve gamovTqvi Cemi azri literaturaSi gulwrfelobis Sesaxeb.
_ Tqveni azri uTuod sayuradReboa, _ raRac axali intonaciiT ganagrZo ucnobma, _ magram
me sruliad sxvas mogaxsenebT. yoveli namdvili mwerali, ase Tu ise, Tavisi xalxis erovnul
Tvisebebs gamoxatavs, maSinac ki, rodesac subieqturad maT uaryofas cdilobs.
cnobilia, rom stendali12 ver itanda frangebs, radgan isini msoflioSi yvelaze pativ-
moyvare erad miaCnda. frangebis zerele bunebas `parmis savaneSi~ da `qronikebSi~13 man daupi-
rispira italielebis wrfeli natura da vnebaTa namdvili siRrme. parizel rantieTa14 TvalSi
es samarcxvino Ralati unda yofiliyo, erovnuli siamayis upatiebeli Selaxva.
magram stendali Tavisi eris namdvili Svili iyo, iseTive RviZli, rogorc viioni15 da
bomarSe16...
_ stendalis msoflmxedveloba, _ vTqvi me sakmaod mtkice xmiT, _ aRbeWdili iyo klasob-
rivi SezRudulobiT. am SemTxvevaSic erTi garkveuli socialuri fenis warmomadgenelTa
damaxasiaTebeli niSani man SecdomiT gaavrcela mTel xalxze. literaturulma avtoritetebma
ar unda dagvabrmaon! dasavleTis burJuaziuli mwerlobis istoriaSi bevri ram saWiroebs
fxizeli TvaliT gadasinjvas Cveni meTodologiis ZiriTadi principebis Suqze.
ucnobi axla alersiani saxiT mismenda. mzad viyavi Tvalebi gamomeTxara, ise mSlida Wku-
aze es yalbi mamaSviluri gamoxedva.
_ daamTavreT? _ mSvidad mkiTxa ucnobma.
_ diaR...
_ rodesac `sicrueze~ vlaparakobdi, mxedvelobaSi mqonda xelovnebis ZvelisZveli sai-
dumlo, e. w. `sibrZne sicruisa~ da ara Cveulebrivi siyalbe... siyalbes mwerlobaSi azris sim-
xdale an wvrilmani angareba iwvevs. aris kidev erTi mizezi _ zerele pativmoyvareoba...
yovelTvis iyvnen da dResac arseboben mwerlebi, romlebic mkiTxvelis guls qaTinaure-
biT igeben: gamudmebiT pirSi eferebian, qebas asxamen, pirferoben... dakmayofilebuli pa-
tivmoyvareoba gonebas adunebs, netari umoqmedobisken ganawyobs adamianis suls. albaT Se-
gimCneviaT, rogori suleluri gamometyveleba uCndeba (Cveulebriv viTarebaSi savsebiT nor-
malur, saRad moazrovne) adamians, rodesac qarTul sufraze mis sadRegrZelos svamen. ùza-
do mamuliSvili~, `spetaki~, `didbunebovani~, `maRalniWieri~ _ mTeli es stereotipuli fra-
zeologia, romlisTvisac analogiur pirobebSi TviTonac xSirad miumarTavs, erTi wuTiT
raRac gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas iZens mis warmodgenaSi da adamians uneburad guli uCuy-
deba... arsebobs sityvebi, rolebmac Cvens droSi katastrofuli devalvacia ganicades. saWiroa
didi dro maTi WeSmariti Rirebulebis aRsadgenad... iciT, vin gadaarCina gasul saukuneSi
qarTveli kacis Segneba wvrilmani pativmoyvareobiT gamoTayvanebas?
_ ilia WavWavaZem!
is iyo pirveli qarTveli profesionali kritikosi. _ pirveli warmomadgeneli im jiuti
Taobisa, romelmac Tavisi xalxis gamofxizleba moindoma, ara mxolod mgznebare mowodebe-
arCevani
biT, aramed mware, Seuferavi simarTliTac. `kacia-adamiani?!~ epoqaluri wignia, iseTive sas-
10
Satobriani (1768_1848) _ frangi mwerali da diplomati.
V Tavi
11
Satobrianis nawarmoebi.
12
stendali (1783_1842) _ frangi mwerali.
13
stendalis nawarmoebebi. Targmnilia qarTulad.
14
rantie _ adamiani, romelic gasesxebuli kapitalis sargebliT cxovrobs.
15
fransua viioni (daax. 1432_?) _ frangi poeti. Targmnilia qarTulad.
278 16
pier bomarSe (1732_1799) _ frangi mwerali.
tiki, rogoric `pativmoyvareobis bazari~17, `mkvdari sulebi~18 da `pingvinebis kunZuli~19.
arc erT qarTvel mwerals ar uTqvams aseTi saSineli sityvebi Tavisi xalxisTvis:
_ CvenisTana bednieri gana aris sadme eri?
uwyinari, uCinari, qeddrekadi, madlieri...
da es im erze, romelsac saukuneebis manZilze anebivrebdnen romantikuli qaTinaurebiT,
romlis nacionalur pativmoyvareobasac amave wlebSi malamosaviT moecxo grigol orbeli-
anis cnobili leqsi:
sxva saqarTvelo sad ari, romeli kuTxe qveynisa?
eri guladi, puradi, mebrZoli Savi bedisa?!
qarTvel kacs dRemde guli uCqroldeba am striqonebze, radgan poeziaSi is, upirveles
yovlisa, momxiblav iluzias eZebs, rom lamazi sicruiT gabruebulma kvlav aRidginos sulis
simSvide. da marTlac, ra saamoa, roca `guladi~, `purads~, eriTmeba, ra lamazi gamarTlebaa
imisTvis, rom patriotuli aRtkineba sxva sarbielis saZebnelad, iqve, mSobliuri qarTuli
sufris wiaRSi daixarjos...
ilia WavWavaZem da akaki wereTelma qarTvel mkiTxvels simarTlis dakarguli gemo gauR-
viZes. `simarTle, mxolod simarTle da araferi simarTlis garda!~ _ aseTi iyo maTi moqme-
debis wesi. simarTlis grZnobas wvrTna sWirdeba. upirveles yovlisa, aucilebelia absolu-
turad marTali iyo sakuTar TavTan...
akaki wereTeli Tavis Tavs qarTuli mwerlobis ubralo, `dRiur~ muSad Tvlida. Tavisi
leqsebis did nawils mxolod `dRiuri saWiroebiT~ amarTlebda. ukve moxucebuli, qarTveli
mkiTxvelis mier TiTqmis gaRmerTebuli poeti sajarod aRiarebda, am leqsebs namdvil xe-
lovnebasTan araviTari kavSiri ara aqvso.
akakis ramdenime sityva `Congurzed~ principuli kritikis saukeTeso nimuSia. es werili
ilia WavWavaZis sasargeblod aris dawerili _ ilias da misi TanamebrZolebis SemoqmedebiTi
programis dasacavad. magram ramdenad miukerZoebelia am werilis avtori, rodesac ilia Wav-
WavaZis leqsebis wminda poetur Rirsebaze msjelobs!
àm leqsebSi, _ wers akaki, _ poeziis natamalic ar ipoveba. es aris mxolod carieli rito-
reba. leqsebis Semarcvla uswormasworoa da riTmac, pirveli simdidre Cveni leqsisa, arsad
Cans. erTi sityviT, rogorc leqsi, sustia, magram amis erT striqons, fuTobiT rom miboZon,
Cvenis bulbulebis nawerSi, romelSiac poeziac iqneba, marcvlebic da riTmebic, ar gavcvli
da mizezic is aris, rom am leqsebSi ocnebas ki vera vxedavT, magram yovels dRiur WeSmaritebas,
Cvens naklovanebas da Cvens saWiroebas~...
_ amas Tanamedrove wers! ilias saxeli CvenTvis, dRevandeli qarTveli mkiTxvelebisTvis
wminda saxelia, erovnuli Segnebis droSa! misi SebRalvis uflebas aravis mivcemT! _ aRSfoTe-
biT wamoviZaxe me.
ucnobi adga, sakvoiaJi gaxsna da raRac ucxouri markis boTli amoiRo. mere patara Wi-
qebic amoalaga. oriveSi Camoasxa sasmeli, magram CemTvis ar SemouTavazebia. Cumad, dauloc-
velad gadakra, tuCebi moiwminda da isev ganagrZo:
_ cocxali adamiani ar SeiZleba droSad iqces...
arasodes wamogcdeT Tqvens studentebTan, rom ilia unaklo poeti iyo. amis Semdeg aRa-
arCevani
rafers dagijereben. daimaxsovreT, _ ar arsebobs keTili mizani, romlis dasamtkiceblad

simarTlis Ralati iyos saWiro.
adamianebis erTi nawili ver Zlebs kerpebis gareSe. rogorc ki erTi fetiSi daemsxvreva,
V Tavi
maSinve axali samsxverplos Senebas iwyebs. magram Cveni saukune simarTlis saukunea _ ufro
17
uiliam Tekereis (1811_1863) _ ingliseli mwerlis romani. Targmnilia qarTulad.
18
nikolai gogolis (1809_1852) _ rusi mwerlis romani. Targmnilia qarTulad.
19
anatol fransis romani. Targmnilia qarTulad.
279
didi da mravlismomcveli, mravalganzomilebiani simarTlisa, vidre yvela gasuli epoqa. sam-
yaros suraTis morigi gardaqmna, romelic ainStainma20 SeZlo, ganuzomlad aRemateba mecnie-
rebaSi momxdar yvela winamorbed naxtoms. ainStainis biografebi aRniSnaven mis Tandayolil
àvadmyofur~ midrekilebas simarTlisa da samarTlianobisadmi.
`...mecnieruli gmiroba, _ wers TviTon ainStaini, _ SesaZlebeli gaxda maSin, roca moazrovne
savsebiT gaTavisuflda memkvidreobiT miRebuli inteleqtualuri tradiciebisgan. laparakia
ara marto eklesiis avtoritetiT nakurTx tradiciebze, aramed yvelafer imaze, rac azrisa
da gamocdilebis mniSvnelobas zRudavs samyaros Semecnebasa da adamianTa cxovrebaSi~.
ra ubralo azria TiTqos, magram amis ganxorcielebas marTlac namdvili gmiroba sWirdeba!
ainStainis saxels axla sul ufro xSirad axseneben Tqveni kolegebi. aTi wlis Semdeg sabWoTa
literaturul JurnalebSi Tqven waikiTxavT araerT werils, romelic misi citatebiT iqneba
aWrelebuli. ainStaini literaturul modad iqceva...
sxvaTa Soris, qarTul mwerlobaSi misi saxe gacilebiT adre amotivtivda. àha, qalaqTa
gviani nebiT burusebSi Cans ainStaini~, _ werda 20-ian wlebSi g. tabiZe. marjaniSvilis21 mier
dadgmul erT qarTul piesaSi ainStainis da kantis22 Tavebi periodulad Cndebodnen kulise-
bidan da erTsa da imave sentenciebs imeorebdnen WeSmaritebaTa fardobiTobis Sesaxeb.
ucnobi wamodga, ramdenime nabiji gadadga karebisken da uceb Semotrialda. is sarkmlisken
iyureboda gabrwyinebuli, TiTqmis SeSlili TvalebiT.
mTel sxeulSi Jruantelma damiara. Cemi mezobeli TiTqos viRacis saxes uRimoda sarkmlis
iqiT tramalebze gawolil ukuneT RameSi...
_ albaT sasmeli moekida, _ davimSvide Tavi.
ucnobi nela daeSva savarZelze.
_ ...magram davubrundeT im sagans, romelsac uSualo kavSiri aqvs Tqvens xelovnebasTan, _
wynari xmiT ganagrZo man.
saSinelebaa, rodesac mwerals erTnairad uqeben nakls da Rirsebas... qarTvel mkiTxvelze
Cvens droSi yvelaze didi STabeWdileba orma mweralma moaxdina: poeziaSi _ galaktion tabiZem,
prozaSi _ konstantine gamsaxurdiam. mova dro, roca kacobrioba galaktion tabiZes genialur
poetad aRiarebs, radgan genialobis gareSe SeuZlebelia im jadoqruli zemoqmedebis axsna,
rac mis leqss axlavs. galaktion tabiZe revoluciuri epoqis poeti iyo da TviTonac namdvili
revolucia moaxdina qarTul poeziaSi. qarTuli sityvis bgerad materiaSi man aRmoaCina manamde
dafaruli saswaulebrivi energia da mas Tavisufali moqmedebis axali gzebi gauxsna. magram
galaktion tabiZes aqvs susti leqsebic. maTi umravlesoba literaturuli Segirdobis an ze-
rele gatacebebis xanaSi aris dawerili. saSinelebaa, rodesac qrestomaTiul galaktions swo-
red am leqsebs miaweren. yoveli poetis memkvidreobaSi zedmiwevniT unda gamoarCioT is, rac
misTvis mTavaria, WeSmaritia, rac namdvilad misi STagonebis nayofs warmoadgens.
albaT, dameTanxmebiT, rom amis gakeTeba swored qarTulma kritikam unda idos valad.
raRac mindoda mepasuxa, magram Tavi ise mtkioda, xmis amoReba ver SevZeli. kefaSi TiTqos
mZime uros mirtyamdnen.
ucnobma Cemi siCume Tanxmobis niSnad miiRo...
konstantine gamsaxurdia iseTi niWis mxatvarTa rigs ekuTvnis, romlebic Rrma gavlenas
arCevani
axdenen mTeli Taobebis gemovnebaze. `yvela stili misaRebia, garda mosawyenisa~, _ Tqva erTma
Zveli drois mweralma. konstantine gamsaxurdiam Cveni mkiTxvelis mravali saidumlo icis,
mravali faruli xerxi, romliTac misi gulis da yuradRebis dapyroba SeiZleba. umisod qarTul
V Tavi
mwerlobaSi didi mowyeniloba daisadgurebda.
20
albert ainStaini (1879_1955) _ gamoCenili germaneli fizikosi.
21
kote marjaniSvili (1872_1933) _ qarTveli Teatraluri reJisori.
280 22
imanuel kanti (1724_1804) _ germaneli filosofosi.
`didostatis~ avtoris Semoqmedeba uaRresad nacionaluria Tavisi SinaarsiT, TemebiT,
stiliT. aseTi stilis atana XX saukuneSi mxolod qarTvel mkiTxvels SeeZlo. magram mkiTx-
velma araTu aitana _ miiRo da SeiTvisa kidec es stili. cxadia, kritikam unda gaiTvaliswinos
es garemoeba.
magram konstantine gamsaxurdias TayvanismcemelTa erT nawils mis SemoqmedebaSi gansa-
kuTrebul aRfrTovanebas hgvris ara mxatvris namdvili ostatoba _ koloritis gadmocemis
iSviaTi unari, drois surnelis umZafresi gancda, Rrma Sinagani artistizmi, aramed zogierTi
misi personaJis zerele ìnteleqtualizmi~. TaraS emxvaris pozioroba da sakmaod banaluri
paradoqsebi, xelovnuri paralelebi kacobriobis kulturuli istoriis qrestomaTiul sa-
xeebTan, romelTac garda miamiti msmenelis imponirebisa, sxva araviTari daniSnuleba ar ga-
aCniaT, Sinzrdili filosofia, yalbi aristokratizmi da sxv. e. i. swored is autaneli provin-
ciuli koketoba, rac TviT `mTvaris motacebis~ avtorma ase sastikad gaamasxra zugdideli
yoyloCina filisteris Sardin alSibaias saxeSi.
konstantine gamsaxurdia xSirad gautarebiaT kritikis qarcecxlSi sxvadasxva mizezis
gamo. mwerlis sasaxelod unda iTqvas, rom kritikam, zogjer sakmaod mZvinvaremac ki, mas verc
erTxel ver acvlevina feri, magram me maxsovs, rogori ofli sdioda mwerals Sublidan, roca
erTxel, erT respeqtabelur darbazSi, erTi im TayvanismcemelTaganis qebas ismenda.
ucnobi TandaTan mimorCilebda. gadavwyvite, erTxel kidev SevbrZolebodi, pirvelive
pauziT visargeble (ucnobi am dros Cibuxs tenida).
_ momiteveT, magram Tqven kritikis aqtiuri rolis gabiabruebas cdilobT. konstantine
gamsaxurdias `mTvaris motacebaSi~ hqonda principuli xasiaTis Secdomebi. qarTulma kritikam
Tavis droze gabedulad miuTiTa mwerals amaze.
_ rogor? _ dainteresebuli saxiT mkiTxa ucnobma.
_ gabedulad... da, me mgoni, aman dadebiTi nayofi gamoiRo.
_ ram?
_ me kritikis aRmzrdelobiT rolze mogaxsenebT...
_ aha!
_ diax... kritikis principuli miTiTebebi aucilebelia mwerlis swori orientaciisTvis.
konstantine gamsaxurdia axla wers axal romans Tanamedroveobaze. Cveni kritikis mzrunveli
zemoqmedebis Sedegad is ukve Tavisufalia zogierTi mcdari Sexedulebisagan da, me mgoni,
`vazis yvavilobis~ saxiT Cven miviRebT maRalmxatvrul, WeSmaritad ideur, farToplanian,
socialur...
ucnobma pirdapir cxvirSi Semabola.
saSineli xveleba amityda. sityva veRar davamTavre. simwrisgan tuCebs vikvnetdi. ar vico-
di, riT gadamexada samagiero... ucnobma kidev gadakra sameli.
_ daamTavreT? _ mkiTxa mSvidad.
_ diaR.
_ Tqven, etyoba, ganaTlebuli adamiani brZandebiT.
breigelis23 suraTi Tu ginaxavT: `mxatvari da Semfasebeli~?
_ ara. _ damoukidebeli toniT vupasuxe.
_ saintereso suraTia. mxatvari _ beberi lomiviT fafaraSlili, jmuxi mamakaci SeSfoTe-
buli iyureba sivrceSi, TiTqos raRac uCinars, miuwvdomels eZebdes TvalebiT. mis gverdiT
arCevani
Semfasebeli dgas. Txeli tuCebi suleluri RimiliT moupruwavs. Semfasebelma yvelaferi wi-
naswar icis. yvelaferi. aseTia misi xeloba. Tu gnebavT, hkiTxeT da is umal dawvrilebiT mo-
giyvebaT, raze fiqrobs axla mxatvari, ra eSleba, ras ver xedavs sibecis gamo, ra zomebia saWiro
V Tavi
mis saSvelad... Semfasebels bavSviviT uyvars `Tavisi~ mxatvari da darwmunebulia, rom yovel-
dRiurad unda izrunos masze, rogorc umweo, Cvil arsebaze. aseTia SemfasebelTa erTi kate-
goria. arsebobs sxva tipic.
23
piter breigeli (1525_1569) _ holandieli mxatvari.
281
amas winaT, erT rus mweralTan erTad visvenebdi yirimSi. TiTqmis davmegobrdiT. wamos
vlis win erTi gamouqveynebeli mogoneba wamikiTxa `ZaRlebis Sesaxeb~.
adamianis am erTguli megobris mravali saintereso nairsaxeoba aqvs aRwerili.
erT maTgans Turme omis dros saSineli fsiqologiuri travma miuRia, roca yumbaris
afeTqebis talRam oTaxSi sarkmlis minebi Semolewa. amis Semdeg sul raRac saSiSroeba elan
deboda sarkmlidan. rodesac misi patronebi salutis dros fanjarasTan mividodnen, saSinel
yefas atexda xolme da oTaxis siRrmisken ezideboda kbilebiT.
sacodavi verafriT ver mimxvdariyo, rom omi ukve karga xania damTavrda da sarkmelTan
miaxloeba araviTar saSiSroebasTan aRar iyo dakavSirebuli.
ucnobma ulvaSebSi CaiRima.
me verafers mivxvdi. magram kiTxva damezara. ucnobs mgoni Tema eleoda da SemeSinda, Cemi
SekiTxviT axali masala ar mimewodebina.
gadavwyvite, erTi Wiqa mec damelia, magram Wiqaze xeli amicda da gadmovapirqvave. sasmisi
magididan gadmovarda da nawil-nawil daimsxvra. iataks yviTeli laqa daaCnda.
ucnobma badidan cocxi gadmoiRo namsxvrevebis gasaxvetad.
_ nu wuxdebiT! _ vTxove Cemi uwesobiT Sercxvenilma, _ axlave gamyols davuZaxeb.
Rilakze davaWire TiTi...
gamyoli barbaciT Semovida. etyoba, mTeli Rame ganuwyvetliv svamda. Tan wvimaSi dasve
lebuliyo. saSineli oxSivari Semohyva kupeSi.
_ ×òî æå âû, ãðàæäàíå, íå ñïèòå? Ñêîðî ïåòóõè áóäóò ïåòü24.
ucnobma didi Zewkviani saaTi amoiRo jibidan da SeSfoTebiT daxeda.
_ marTlac Zilis droa...
_ mgoni meSvela, _ gavifiqre. axla imas vfiqrobdi, zeda sawolamde rogor ameRwia.
gamyolma Wiqis namsxvrevebi akrifa da RiRin-RiRiniT gahyva koridors.
Cems mezobels didi, axalTaxali cocxi eWira xelSi da daufaravi siamovnebiT aTvali
erebda.
_ tiSinkaze viyide erTi kalugeli dedabrisgan...
_ kargi cocxia! _ dabneulad vupasuxe.
_ iciT, qarTul mwerlobas yvelaze metad ra sWirdeba dRes?
me Tavaziani cnobismoyvareobiT avaparpale Tvalebi. pasuxis gacema usargeblo iyo. axa
li monologis mosasmenad gavemzade.
ucnobma cocxi SeaTamaSa xelSi:
_ waiReT Cemgan saxsovrad. me meorec maqvs. Tu mklavSi Zala geyoT, gamogadgebaT... me
jinibeTa xeloba arasodes yofila did pativSi... magram Tu qarTul pegass... mapatieT rito
rikuli stilisTvis, cota momekida...
ucnobma kidev gadakra, mere axali Wiqa damidga da boTlSi darCenili sasmeli ise gaana
wila, orives Tanabrad gveyo.
_ ho, imas mogaxsenebdiT... avgias Tavla... rutina... dromoWmuli crurwmenebi... usaTuod
unda moigvas... usaTuod...
metis moTmena aRar SemeZlo, gvelnakbeniviT wamovvardi:
_ Tqven qarTul mwerlobas pativs ar scemT! saerTod qarTveli ara xarT!..
_ dabrZandiT.
V Tavi arCevani
_ Cvens mwerlobas sakmarisi meurveebi hyavs... aravis ar mivcemT nebas!..

_ dabrZandiT, _ mSvidad gamimeora ucnobma. didi oqrosZewkviani saaTi magidaze edo.
dakvirvebiT adevnebda Tvals isris moZraobas.
_ xuTi wuTiRa dagvrCa... erT mokle ambavs mogiyvebiT da mere daviZinoT.
erTxel napoleonTan kabinetSi sasowarkveTili mandilosani Sevarda.
_ mowyaleba! _ karebidanve SesZaxa man bonapartes.
282 24
ratom ar gZinavT, moqalaqeno? male mamlebi iyivleben.
_ dabrZandiT, _ miugo napoleonma. winadRiT man sikvdili miusaja am qalis Tanamemamu
leebs.
_ mowyalebas gTxovT, imperatoro! _ kvlav SesZaxa qalma.
_ dabrZandiT! _ mSvidad gaimeora napoleonma.
_ iciT, ratom vTxove dabrZaneba? _ wers bonaparte Tavis mogonebebSi. _ qals, rodesac
is savarZelSi zis, ar SeuZlia iyos paTetikuri...
erTi cnobili sabWoTa literatori Tavis Zvel werilSi am ambavs aseT reziumes ukeTebs:
rodesac CvenSi vinme daudegar axalgazrdas SeamCneven, maSinve skams miutanen. _ dabrZandiT,
_ etyvian alersianad, _ es Tqveni magidaa. imuSaveT, Tqven saWiro kaci brZandebiT. mSvidad,
nu ixtunavebT, Torem skamidan gadmovardebiT.
ucnobma Wiqa momiWaxuna. _ me minda, Tqveni sadRegrZelo Sevsva. gagimarjoT! erideT
rbil savarZlebs! nurasodes nu SedrkebiT, Tu Tqveni azri ar daemTxva sxvaTa Sexedulebas,
radgan `yvelaze myari Tviseba yvela adamianuri Sexedulebisa is gaxlavT, rom isini erTma
neTisgan gansxvavdebian~, _ ase amTavrebs monteni Tavis `cdebs~...
ucnobma Tavisi Wiqa gadahkra, mec madloba gadavuxade da sasmisi tuCebTan mivitane.
raRac jojoxeTuri sasmeli iyo. TiTqos gavarvarebuli kupri Camasxes pirSi. suli veRar
moviTqvi da TvalT damibnelda. aRar maxsovs, rogor avbobRdi Cems sawolze...
...Tvali rom gavaxile, erTxans ver mivxvdi, sad vimyofebodi. kupeSi saocari sinaTle
Semodioda fanjridan. gareT gavixede. matarebeli Savi zRvis piras midioda.
warmoudgeneli ambavi moxda: ori Rame meZina zedized.
qveviT Cavacure Tvali. ucnobi arsad Canda. arc sakvoiaJi, arc rusuli suvenirebi...
mxolod erTi cocxi ido badeze.
koridoridan mamakacebis sicil-xarxari ismoda. uceb karebi gaiRo da kupeSi gamyoli
Semovida gadafiTrebuli saxiT. Zlivs idga fexze. Sublze pirsaxoci waekra.
_ ×òî çà øóì? _ SevekiTxe.
_ À íó èõ... ñìåþòñÿ íàäî ìíîé, íèêòî íå âåðèò,25 _ suleluri RimiliT mipasuxa gamyo
lma.
_ ×òî ñëó÷èëîñü?
_ Òàê ÿ æå ñîáñòâåííûìè ãëàçàìè âèäåë... Â Òèõîðåöêîé ñ ïåðîíà ãëÿäåë. Ó ìåíÿ ïðèâû÷êà
– êàê ïîåçä ñòàíåò, âûõîæó íà ïåðîíí è ñìîòðþ, âñ¸ ëè íà ìåñòå...
Íó âîò ãðîçà áûëà ñòðàøíàÿ, äîæäü, òóìàí... ãëÿäü èç òðóáû, ïðÿìî íàä íàøèì êóïý èñêðû
ïîëåòåëè...
ß êðèêíóòü íå óñïåë, êàê îí, ýòîò âàø îêàÿííûé, â òðóáó âûëåç, ñåë âåðõîì íà ñâîþ ìåòëó
äà êàê ïîëåòèò!.. Àæ â ïîò áðîñèëî...26
gamyoli SeSlili TvalebiT miyurebda. uceb Tavze waivlo orive xeli da kupedan gavar
da.
me qvemoT Camovedi. sarkmeli bolomde Camovwie, kupeSi Savi zRvis grili niavi Semovarda.
xarbad daviwye sunTqva.
mziani dila iyo. zRva didi Relvis Semdeg damSvidebuliyo da laJvardi TandaTan sWar
bobda. mxolod horizontze Ramidan SerCenili ramdenime saavdro Rrubeli idga uZravad.
V Tavi arCevani
25
_ ra xmauria?
_ wavidnen erTi... damcinian, ar mijereben.
26
_ ra moxda?
_ me xom Cemi TvaliT davinaxe... tixoreckaiaSi baqanze videqi. aseTi Cveva maqvs _ matarebeli gaCerdeba
Tu ara, baqanze Cavdivar da vamowmeb, yvelaferi rigzea Tu ara..
hoda, saSineli elWeqi iyo, Tavsxma, nisli... vxedav, zustad Tqveni kupes Tavze, milidan, naperwklebi
amocvivda...
dayvirebac ver movaswari, rom is Tqveni wyeuli mezobeli milidan amoZvra, Tavis cocxs moaxta da iseTi
kamara Sekra!.. oflma damasxa...
283
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. guram asaTianis Ì dialogis~ wakiTxvis Semdeg kidev erTxel unda darwmunebuliyaviT,

rom formis TvalsazrisiT ese SeiZleba Zalze mravalferovani iyos. Tqveni azriT, Se-
iZleba Tu ara am teqsts èseisturi proza~ vuwodoT? imisaTvis, rom dasmul kiTxvas
upasuxoT, daakvirdiT da CaiwereT, prozauli teqstis ra Tvisebebi axasiaTebs Ì dia-
logs~.
2. teqstSi bevri avtobiografiuli momenti gvxvdeba. guram asaTianma marTlac moskovSi
miiRo ganaTleba, marTlac 1956 wels gamoemgzavra samSoblosaken, marTlac kriti-
kosi iyo...
daakvirdiT, rogor gaanawila man rolebi sakuTari Tavisa da ucnobi mamakacisTvis.
rogori ganwyoba geqmnebaT TiToeulis mimarT? cxadia, avtori amas specialurad ake-
Tebs, magram ratom, ra ganzraxviT?
detalebis xelovneba
1. gaixseneT, ras yveba ucnobi mamakaci omis dros tramvirebuli ZaRlis Sesaxeb. kidev
erTxel waikiTxeT es epizodi da ganmarteT, risi Tqma surs ucnobs? Tavad ambis mTxro-
beli gveubneba, verafers mivxvdio. ratom? Tqveni azriT, ra daniSnuleba aqvs am detals?
2. teqstidan amoarCieT iseTi detalebi, saidanac Cans, rom Ì dialogi~ gasuli saukunis
Sua xanebs aRwers. Tqveni azriT, dRes rom daweriliyo amgvari Txzuleba, ra Seicvle-
boda?
analizi
1. ucnobi mamakaci darwmunebulia, rom saqarTveloSi kritikosoba Znelia, radgan kriti-

kul azrovnebas win mravali winaaRmdegoba xvdeba. eTanxmebiT Tu ara am mosazrebas?
ratom?
2. gaixseneT, ra argumentebs moixmobs disertanti mgzavri Cveni kulturuli sivrcis-
Tvis damaxasiaTebeli kritikuli azrovnebis sisustisa Tu umweobis gasamarTleblad?
eTanxmeba Tu ara mas ucnobi? Tqven? ratom?
3. ratom, ra mizniT gaixsena ucnobma akaki wereTelis azri sakuTar da ilia WavWavaZis
leqsebze? Tqveni azriT, adekvaturi iyo Tu ara mgzavris reaqcia?
4. ganmarteT, rogor gesmiT gamoTqma _ `cocxali adamiani ar SeiZleba droSad iqces~.
eTanxmebiT Tu ara am mosazrebas? ratom?
5. ucnobi ambobs: àdamianebis erTi nawili ver Zlebs kerpebis gareSe. rogorc ki erTi
arCevani
fetiSi daemsxvreva, maSinve axali samsxverplos Senebas iwyebs~.
rogor gesmiT es azri?
exeba igi disertant mgzavrs Tu ara?

V Tavi
SeuZlia Tu ara aseT adamians racionaluri azrovneba?
piradad Tu icnobT aseT adamianebs?

284
daaxasiaTeT maTTvis Cveuli azrovnebis manera.
6. ucnobis TqmiT, `cnobilia, rom stendali ver itanda frangebs, radgan isini msoflio-
Si yvelaze pativmoyvare erad miaCnda. frangebis zerele bunebas `parmis savanesa~ da
`qronikebSi~ man daupirispira italielebis wrfeli natura da vnebaTa namdvili siR-
rme. parizel rantieTa TvalSi es samarcxvino Ralati unda yofiliyo, erovnuli si-
amayis upatiebeli Selaxva~.
es marTlac ase iyo, magram ra SuaSia am konteqstSi stendali da misi damokidebuleba
frangebTan? rogor ukavSirdeba es detali eses ZiriTad saTqmels?
7. àr arsebobs keTili mizani, romlis dasamtkiceblad simarTlis Ralati iyos saWiro~.
eTanxmebiT Tu ara am mosazrebas? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
8. `yoveli namdvili mwerali, ase Tu ise, Tavisi xalxis erovnul Tvisebebs gamoxatavs,
maSinac ki, rodesac subieqturad maT uaryofas cdilobs~. _ es sentencia ucnob mamakacs
ekuTvnis. ganmarteT, rogor gesmiT es gamonaTqvami.
9. daakvirdiT ucnobi mamakacis garegnobas, Cacmulobas, manerebs da rac mTavaria azrov-
nebis stils. rogor fiqrobT, ratom gamoiyvana igi guram asaTianma àvsulad~?
10. Tamaz natroSvili erTgan wers: ùnda vecadoT, rom... ramdenadac ZalgviZs, SevicnoT
Tavi Cveni. kidev erTxel davfiqrdeT, _ rani varT, vina varT, saidan movdivarT da saiT
gagviwevia. sakuTar Tavs piruTvnelad davakvirdeT, nu dagvenaneba simkacre da, gnebavT,
sisastikec... TviTmxileba gagvamdidrebs da srulyofilebisken mimaval bilikze
gagviyvans...~
jemal qarCxaZis azriT: `saqme isaa, rom trabaxi naklis damalvis saukeTeso saSualeba
gvggonia. amitom, rac ufro cudad migvidis saqme, miT ufro mets vtrabaxobT. es ki,
Cemi Rrma rwmeniT (praqtikac gvidasturebs), umoklesi gzaa provincializmisaken. Cven
augad xsenebas avadmyofurad ganvicdiT; magram aravis arasodes imdeni Seuracxyofa
ar mouyenebia CvenTvis, ramdenic Cven TviTon migviyenebia sakuTari TavisTvis.
mxatvrul literaturas aq raime seriozuli funqciis Sesruleba ar SeuZlia, magram
albaT yovelnairad, maT Soris mxatvruli saSualebebiTac, unda vecadoT, rom Cveni
Wiri gavacnobieroT, radgan siZneleTa gadalaxva maTi gacnobierebiT iwyeba.~
Tqveni azriT, aris Tu ara guram asaTianis Ì dialogi~ amgvari gacnobierebis cda? pa-
suxi daasabuTeT.
11. ucnobi ambobs: `yovelTvis iyvnen da dResac arseboben mwerlebi, romlebic mkiTxvelis
guls qaTinaurebiT igeben: gamudmebiT pirSi eferebian, qebas asxamen, pirferoben... dak-
mayofilebuli pativmoyvareoba gonebas adunebs, netari umoqmedobisken ganawyobs ada-
mianis suls. albaT SegimCneviaT, rogori suleluri gamometyveleba uCndeba (Cveuleb-
riv viTarebaSi savsebiT normalur, saRad moazrovne) adamians, rodesac qarTul suf-
raze mis sadRegrZelos svamen. ùzado mamuliSvili~, `spetaki~, `didbunebovani~, `ma-
RalniWieri~ _ mTeli es stereotipuli frazeologia, romlisTvisac analogiur pi-
robebSi TviTonac xSirad miumarTavs, erTi wuTiT raRac gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas
iZens mis warmodgenaSi da adamians uneburad guli uCuydeba... arsebobs sityvebi, rom-
lebmac Cvens droSi katastrofuli devalvacia ganicades. saWiroa didi dro maTi WeS-
mariti Rirebulebis aRsadgenad...~
arCevani
yuradReba miaqcieT im garemoebas, ra sakiTxebze amaxvilebs yuradRebas mwerali da

SemTxveviTia Tu ara aseTi arCevani. romelma sityvebma ganicades katastrofuli de-
valvacia?
V Tavi
285
literaturuli analizi
guram asaTianis Ì dialogi~ SeadareT ilia WavWavaZis `mgzavris werilebs~. Tqveni azriT,
ra niSnebiT hgavs es ori teqsti erTmaneTs da dafiqrdiT, msgavseba unebliea, Tu guram asaTianma
Segnebulad gadadga es nabiji?
yuradReba gaamaxvileT aseve maT Soris arsebul gansxvavebaze, rac ZiriTadad swored
msgavsebis fonze iZens mniSvnelobas. yuradReba miaqcieT im garemoebas, rom msgavseba Tu ga-
regnulia, gansxvaveba Sinagan xasiaTs atarebs.
gaixseneT, rogoria ilia WavWavaZis mgzavri. is, rac gansazRvravda misi azrovnebis ori-
ginalobas, misi pirovnebis Zalasa da momxibvlelobas, SenarCunebuli aqvs Tu ara guram asa-
Tianis mgzavrs?
`mgzavris werilebis~ mTavari gmiris prototipi, Tavad teqstis avtori, miuxedavad sam-
Soblos siyvarulisa, mis RirsebebTan erTad, arc naklze xuWavs Tvals, magram Tqveni azriT,
Ì dialogis~ gmiris Taviseburi prototipis, Tavad guram asaTianisTvis aseve bunebrivia Tu
ara samSoblosTan amgvari damokidebuleba?
ra miznis ganxorcielebas emsaxureba teqstSi saidumloebiT moculi ormocdaaTiode
wlis soliduri mamakacis Semoyvana, romelsac Cveni mgzavris asvlamde mouswria saerTaSo-
riso vagonis kupeSi myudrod mokalaTeba?
Tqveni azriT, teqstis avtori:
Segnebulad efareba am personaJs;
misi meSveobiT CvenSi gavrcelebuli poziciis ususurobas gvaCvenebs;
misi saxiT sakuTar qvecnobiers ekamaTeba;
es yvelaferi erTad igulisxmeba da romelime momentis calke gamoyofa ar iqneba mar-

Tebuli.
arsebobs Tu ara aseTi personaJis Semoyvanis aucilebloba ilia WavWavaZis teqstSi?
ratom?
pozicia
guram asaTiani wers: `Cvens nacionalur pativmoyvareobas malamosaviT moecxo grigol

orbelianis cnobili leqsi:
`sxva saqarTvelo sad aris, romeli kuTxe qveynisa?
eri guladi, puradi, mebrZoli Savis bedisa?!~
qarTvel kacs dRemde guli uCqroldeba am striqonebze, radgan poeziaSi is, upirveles
yovlisa, momxiblav iluzias eZebs, rom lamazi sicruiT gabruebulma kvlav aRidginos sulis
simSvide. da marTlac, ra saamoa, roca `guladi~ `purads~ eriTmeba, ra lamazi gamarTlebaa
imisaTvis, rom patriotuli aRtkineba sxva sarbielis uZebnelad, iqve, mSobliuri qarTuli
sufris wiaRSi daixarjos...~
arCevani
ras fiqrobT aq gamoTqmuli Tvalsazrisis Sesaxeb?
eTanxmebiT Tu ara guram asaTianis azrs? ratom? Tqveni pozicia daasabuTeT.

V Tavi
286
Tvalsazrisi
arsebobs aseTi Tvalsazrisi: `Cveni Tandayolili maqsimalizmis wyalobiT saqarTveloSi

klasikis mimarT damokidebuleba cota arajansaRi iyo. aravisi da arafris gafetiSeba ar SeiZ-
leba. Cven ki klasikosebi CarCoSi CavsviT, kedelze CamovkideT da mxolod erTi kuTxidan
davuwyeT cqera. im klasikas, romelic xatad da kerpad vaqcieT, da romelTanac Cveni mimarTeba
aris ara mowoneba, aramed mowiweba, arsebiTad vklavT, radgan aseT klasikas wakiTxva aRar
sWirdeba. me mgonia, aRarc kiTxuloben. ician, rom didia, ratom aris didi, ar ician. xolo
imisaTvis, rom gaarkvio, marTla didia Tu ara, unda waikiTxo da Seafaso. cxadia, ar SeiZleba,
yovel dRe da yovel weliwads Seafaso, magram raRac periodis Semdeg kvlav Sefaseba aucile-
belia. miT umetes, roca aseT Sefasebas wlebis da aTwleulebis ganmavlobaSi tabu aqvs dade-
buli.~
es mosazreba daakavSireT guram asaTianis teqstTan. Tqveni azriT, daeTanxmeboda Tu

ara Ì dialogis~ avtori am Tvalsazriss?
am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT argumentirebulad CamoayalibeT Tqveni Tvalsazrisi.
weriTi davaleba
dafiqrdiT, SegviZlia Tu ara vTqvaT, rom guram asaTianis Ì dialogi~ da jemal qarCxaZis
`rahaT-luxumi~, faqtobrivad, erTi da imave mxatvruli xerxis momarjvebiTaa dawerili?
am sakiTxis Sesaxeb dawereT ese saTauriT ùcxo TvaliT~. SeecadeT, paralelis gavlebisas
safuZvlianad ganixiloT mocemuli sakiTxi da msgavseba-gansxvavebani amomwuravad gaaanali-
zoT. yuradReba gaamaxvileT im garemoebaze, erTi da imave mizniT iyeneben avtorebi am xerxs
Tu ara.
arCevani
V Tavi
287
§ IV
avtoris Sesaxeb
`nugzar SataiZe erT-erTi maTgania, vinc sazogadoebriv-politikuri

Zvrebis, xelovnebaSi momxdari bunebrivi da arabunebrivi cvlilebebis
miuxedavad, mxned da jiutad miuyveba gzas, biliks Tu aRmarTs, romelze
siarulic, Cemi Rrma rwmeniT, yvelaze Znelia. es gaxlavT gza, romelsac
miuyvebodnen da dRemde miuyvebian mwerlebi, romlebic ki ar afiqsireben
cxovrebas fotografebiviT, ki ar akvirdebian mas, rogorc eqsperimen-
nugzar SataiZe tisTvis gametebul sabralo cxovels, ukve dawerilis interpretaciebs
Tanamedrove ki ar sTavazoben mkiTxvels, aramed TanaugrZnoben adamians, uyvarT ada-
qarTveli miani da im didi amerikelisa ar iyos, mwerlobas rom mSvenivrad uTavsebda
mwerali
fermerobas1 _ sjeraT, rom is araTu gauZlebs da gadarCeba, aramed gai-
`sveticxovelis
ezoSi Sesuls geC- marjvebs kidec~.
veneba, rom sam- zaal samadaSvili
SobloSi dabrun-
di: mtkivneulad
nacnobi galavani,
taZris mSobliu-
rad Tbili ked- nugzar SataiZe
lebi, rbili, rbi-
li balaxiT Semo-
sili miwa... kapiki gakapikebula
ra aris es, ratom
giCndeba aseTi
anu evropaSi ra mindoda
gancda?! iqneb imi-
tom, rom swored sicxes ver vitan. zogs sicives sicxe urCevnia, magram me ocdaaT gra-
aqedan daiwyo Sen-
Tvis nacnobi sa- duszec ki guli miwuxdeba, arada, maincdamainc SarSan, im papanaqeba agvis-
qarTvelo... toSi wavSavWirdi evropaSi, sadac iseTi sicxe damxvda, rom xalxi sul pan-
armazi Sors aris. tapuntiT ixoceboda.
wyvdiadSi dan-
vici, mkiTxvels gaecineba, mere da, Se mamacxonebulo, ra Zala gadga,
Tqmulan diadi
kerpebi _ gaci da ra gindoda, Sin ratom ar daetieo, magram iman ra icis gujas ambavi, ra
gaimi. aq ki, ai, am icis, rom is Tu Cagacivda, gaTavebulia Seni saqme!
miwaSi, ganisvenebs
SemogviCnda me da kote jandiers _ parizSi mivdivar mivlinebiT, iqidan
ebraeli qali si-
donia, romelsac germaniaSi unda gamoviaro da manqana viyido, CamodiT, diuseldorfis
gulSi macxovris aeroportSi, im manqaniT dagxvdebiT da naxevar evropas mogatarebTo.
kvarTi Cauxute-
kote SedarebiT axalgazrda kacia da amitom iolad daiyolia, me ki
bia...
ukve oriaTasi we-
gavuZaliandi _ amxela mogzaurobisTvis arc fuli maqvs da aRarc guli-
lia, rac es aris meTqi, magram momeSva?
Seni samSoblo, erTi biZa myavs _ boRoWa, manam ar mogeSveba, sanam Rvinis Wiqas ceris
swored es! sxva ar
gaxsovs _ mas Se-
frCxilze ar dagawurinebs. zogi erideba, magram zogi xaTrs ver utexs
maZrwuneblad da, ra qnas, svams bolomde.
sqeli saburveli erTi egeTi xaTriani kaci, mito, avad Seiqna, Camovida qalaqSi da eqims
faravs~.
eCvena. eqimma hkiTxa _ mito, svaam, kacoo? vsvaam, ma rasa vSvrebio! arao,
arCevani
n. SataiZe
genacvaleo, dReis amas iqiT wveTi sasmeli aRar Caikaro pirSi, Torem,
icode, mokvdebio! eex, eqimoo, _ uTqvams sawyal mitos, _ rogor getyoba,
ro boRoWas ar icnob Senao!
V Tavi
raRa boRoWa da raRa es Cveni guja, magram xema Tqva, culi verafers damaklebs Sig Cemi rom
ar erioso _ Camacivdnen Sinaurebi, wadi, Tvals wyali daalevine, samoci wlisa xdebi, egeTi
SemTxveva rodisRa mogecemao, aRar momasvenes da bolos mainc Tavisi gaitanes..
288 1
igulisxmeba amerikeli mwerali uiliam folkneri (1897_1962).
Cveni TviTmfrinavi `Tbilisi-diuseldorfi~ aeroportidan erTi saaTis dagvianebiT gaf-
rinda. gadavuareT wyvdiadSi Caflul saqarTvelos, ukrainis xriok tramalebs, poloneTis
gvarianad moferianebul velebs da, bolos, iluminatorSi iseTi movlil-dawkrialebuli
qveyana gamoCnda, rom Tavi veRar Sevikave da cxonebuli solomon isakiCiviT2 saSineli
taSiscema avtexe. TviTmfrinavis mgzavrebi swored iseve gakvirvebulebi momaCerdnen, ro-
gorc Teatris mayureblebi mejRanuaSvils da TviTon mxolod maSinRa dascxes taSi, roca
Cvenma pilotebma TviTmfrinavi uvneblad dasves aerodromis asafren bilikze.
diuseldorfSi, iseve rogorc mTels germaniaSi, versad naxav uadgilod dagdebul agurs,
Jangian WanWiks, ficris natexsa Tu daSlil-gamoSignul eqskavators. qvasac ki versad ipovni,
rom motevebuli mawanwala ZaRli moigerio, Tumca, kacma rom Tqvas, arc mawanwala ZaRlia sadme.
marto germaniaSi ki ara, Tqven warmoidgineT, Turme mTels evropaSic ase yofila, magali-
Tad parizSi. erTxel, saerTaSoriso turnirze iq Casul qarTvel ZiudoistTa nakrebis
mwvrTnels, kaxel kacs, yelSi amosvlia iqauri uwiaRo saWmeli da mSobliuri xaSlama monat-
rebia. uyidia qvabi, kargi nasuqi dekeulis xorci da biWebi ori aguris saSovnelad gaugzavnia,
raTa, iqve, sastumros patara skverSi cecxli daeguzguzebina da zed is xaSlamis qvabi Semoedga.
magram Cvens saxelganTqmul moWidaveebs mTeli parizi SemourbeniaT da ors vina Civis, erTi
aguric ki versad upovniaT.
Cveneburi kaci diuseldorfis aeroportSive mixvdeba, ra qveyanaSic Camovida _ arc sa-
baJosTan gamarTuli orsaaTiani rigebi, arc nacnobobiTa da saqmis CawyobiT `beraSi~ urigod
gatareba, arc `gamiSvi~ da `gamouSvi~. dinjad, wynarad gagisinjaven pasports, sarkmelidan
janmrTeli germaneli frau SemogRimebs, raRacas gkiTxavs da raki enis ucodinarobis gamo
verafers dagacdeninebs, iseTive Tavaziani RimiliT dagemSvidobeba.
kedlebze isrebiTa da Sesabamisi naxatebiT naCvenebia bargis misaRebi darbazisa da im bar-
gis gadasatani urikis adgilsamyofeli, miniSnebulia qalaqSi gasasvlelic da enis ucodi-
nari mgzavri, debili Tu ar aris, miuyveba im isrebs, romlebsac, yoveli SemTxvevisTvis, iatakze
daxazuli wiTel-yviTeli zolebic emateba. sabargo urika yviTel zolSi unda ataro, gaiaro
grZeli, gakrialebuli derefani, gareT gaxvide da iqidanac, aeroportis ezodanac, swored
is yviTeli zoli gagiyvans qalaqis quCaSi.
amgvari gonierebiTa da komfortiT moxibluli aRtacebuli viyurebi garSemo, yvelafers
vaTvaliereb da vukvirdebi garSemo, ra vqna, kotesgan gansxvavebiT am qveyanaSi pirvelad var
da isic Tvals ar maSorebs, rom im goimi isakiCiviT isev taSiscema ar avtexo.
elguja beriSvili, pirobisamebr, aeroportSi dagvxvda. marTalia, Tavidan cota gvaner-
viula _ dagvemala da manam ar gamogviCnda, sanam mSoblebs CamorCenili bavSviviT SeSinebuls
lamis tirili ar damawyebina, magram, RmerTma uSvelos, bolos mainc dagvenaxva da guli
sagules Camiyena. kargad rom gamovTaTxeT, gagviZRva da iqve, aeroportis gverdiT, av-
tosadgomze migviyvana, sadac Tavis axladnayidi Sindisferi manqana gvaCvena.
manqana saqmis mcodneTa gulmodginebiT davaTvaliereT _ jer gareSemo SemovuareT, mere
salonSi SevixedeT, bolos kapoti avxadeT da gakrialebul motors ise CavaSterdiT, rogorc
iakob gogebaSvilis moTxrobis, `Txa da gigos~ gmiri `deda-enas~.
raki wuni veraferi vupoveT, Cveni bargi urikidan manqanis sabargulSi gadavalageT, gu-
jas rCeviT tanisamosi gamovicvaleT _ Sortebsa da maisurebSi gamovewyveT da wamovediT...
sanam guja manqanis sadgomis qiras _ 16 evros gadaixdida, rom avtomaturi Slagbaumi awe-
uliyo da gareT gamoveSviT, me aeroportidan wamoRebul da axla iqve migdebul monikele-
bul urikas Sefiqrianebuli vuyurebdi da merec, emand aravin awapnos da Cven ar dagvbral-
arCevani
des-meTqi, magram amaze Cems Zmakacebs mxolod mravalmniSvnelovnad eRimebodaT.

70-iani wlebis bolos, roca me da elguja beriSvili gazeT `lelos~ redaqciaSi vmuSaob-
diT, ucxoeTSi mogzauroba maSin jer kidev Wirda da amitom yvelas gvainteresebda iqauri
V Tavi
ambebi. erTxel, Cveni gazeTis fotokorespondenti mixeil zargariani, igive `prafesora~,

fineTidan Camovida. SevekiTxe, Zia miSa, helsinkSi yvelaze metad ra mogewona-meTqi da, _ eexo,
_ miTxra, _ maRaziaSi Sexval, xorci alagia, ro ums SaSWamo!
2
lavrenti ardazianis (1815_1875) romanis `solomon isakiC mejRanuaSvilis~ personaJi.
289
am bolo wlebSi, rac sportul JurnalistTa asociacias xelmZRvanelobs, elguja beriS-
vilma mTeli dedamiwa Semoiara, kote jandieric araerT qveyanaSia namyofi da Tavs vimSvi-
debdi _ amaT, etyoba, Cemze kargad ician aqauri wesebi da avtosadgomze migdebuli is oxeri
urikac amitom ar edardebaT-meTqi.
erTi sityviT, movdivarT. movdivarT ki ara, movfrinavT _ im gasisinebul avtobanze Cveni
manqana saaTSi 150 kilometris siCqariT moqris.
gujam aseTi gegma SemogvTavaza: gzaSi sadme wavixemsebT, mere Seusveneblad vivliT miun-
xenamde, sadac viyidiT karavsa da saZile tomrebs, iqidan gasulebi ki Ramis gasaTevad pir-
velsave kempingSi davbinavdebiTo. sastumro Zviria, Turme sam kacs erTi Rame 120-150 evro
mainc dagvijdeba, kempingi ki, gujas varaudiT, oTxjer an xuTjer iafi unda iyos.
manqanaSi Tavidan adgilebi ase ganawilda: guja pilotia da saWesTan zis, kote _ Sturmani,
amitom wina savarZelze mokalaTebula da muxlebze germaniis saavtomobilo gzebis ruka
gadauSlia. me erTi Cveulebrivi mgzavri var, samagierod, mTeli ukana savarZeli Cemia _ minda
davjdebi, minda davwvebi, _ rogorc minda!
saubedurod, manqanaSi kondicioneri ara gvaqvs, Ria sarkmlidan, rogorc martenis Rume-
lidan, ise uberavs cxeli, gavarvarebuli haeri da imasac benzinisa da damwvari rezinis suni
udis. lariviT gaWimul avtobans TiTqmis mTel sigrZeze maRali meseri gasdevs, amitom mxo-
lod zogjer Tu gamoCndeba xelovnuri tyiT Semosili dabali gormaxebi, sarwyavi sistemiT
daqselili, mwvaned aRaRanebuli savargulebi da qaris mikroeleqtrosadgurebi _ maRali,
TeTrad SeRebili propeleriani anZebi, Tanamedrove qaris wisqvilebs rom hgvanan.
vin warmoidgenda, germaniaSi Tu amnairi sicxe dagvxvdeboda. wuxel, Tbilisis aeropor-
tSi, saberZneTidan Camosulma giorgi yvavilaSvilma miTxra _ ise cxeloda, kinaRam Wkuidan
SeviSaleo. Cvenc saberZneTisken ar gviWiravs gezi? aq rom ase cxela, iq raRa iqneba? mokled,
sagonebelSi var Cavardnili.
_ benzini unda aviRoT da visauzmoTo! _ gamoacxada gujam, roca benzingasamarTi sadgu-
ris sagzao niSani gamoCnda.
marjvniv gadavuxvieT Tu ara, umal oazisSi aRvmoCndiT. ar vici germanelebi ras eZaxian
amas, me ki gunebaSi `funduki~ Sevarqvi. aq, maRali wiflebiTa da verxvebiT daburul, yvavilo-
vani gazonebiT damSvenebul xelisgulisodena adgilze aris benzinis Camosasxmelic, manqa-
nebis samrecxaoc, saSxapec, tualetic da, rac mTavaria, kondicionerebiT aRWurvili, erT-
sarTuliani, grZeli Senoba, sadac moTavsebulia: bari, sasadilo da maRazia. mokled, Sexval
da gamosvla aRar mogindeba.
amgvari fundukebi gzaze, germaniaSic da sxvaganac uamravi Segvxvda, yvela ise iyo daw-
krialebuli, erbo aikrifeboda, magram damlagebeli arsad gvinaxavs.
erTi sityviT, suli moviTqviT, cxeli wyali gadavivleT, ludic davlieT, kargi, germa-
nuli sosisebic geaxeliT, benzini aviReT da davadeqiT isev gzas.
saRamos xuTi saaTi iqneboda, sicxisagan galeqebulebi miunxenSi rom SevediT. sul cota
800 kilometri mainc gvqonda gamovlili, magram Cemgan gansxvavebiT, kotesa da gujas daRli-
lobisa araferi etyobodaT. manqana sadgomze davayeneT, gadmovediT (me Zlivs gadmovitane
dabuJebuli fexebi) da gujam _ exla droze, karavi unda viyidoT, Torem, sadac aris, maRaziebi
daiketebao!
Sevevedre: modiT, Zmebo, me aq davrCebi, aqedan fexs ar movicvli, ager, trotuarze magi-
debi ro ari gamodgmuli, iq dagelodebiT-meTqi... marTlac, iqve axlos, saCixqveS, skamebi da
arCevani
magidebi elaga. aqa-iq ukve isxdnen viRac-viRaceebi da didi tolCebiT luds miirTmevdnen.
kotes Sevecode da marto ar damtova, gujam ki, raRas izamda, sportuli saqonlis maRa-
ziis saZebnelad gaswia...
V Tavi
vdgavarT Sua quCaSi da iqaurobas uxmod vaTvalierebT. pikis saaTia. irgvliv uamravi xal-
xi ireva, ZiriTadad velosipedistebi. maTTvis trotuarze sagangebo zolia gamoyofili, Rmer-
Tma nu qnas, im zolze fexi gadagicdes, imave wams gadagqelaven. quCaSi uwyvet nakadad mie-
dinebian manqanebi. mokled, yvelaferi zustad isea, rogorc televizorSi minaxavs, gansxva-
290
veba mxolod is aris, rom axla mec aqa var da dasicxuls amdeni ria-riasagan Tavbru mexveva.
_ ha, rogora xar? _ mekiTxeba kote.
_ ex, raRa rogora var, lafi iyos, Cav-
wvebodi.
_ wamo, wamo, me vici Seni wamali!
wavediT, gaviareT im magidebs Soris da
SevediT barSi. es baric swored iseTia, te-
levizorSi rom minaxavs. CitebiviT Semov-
sxediT maRal, tyavgadakrul skamebze.
axalgazrda, brioliniT Tmagasipuli bar-
meni daxlsiqidan Tavaziani RimiliT mog-
viaxlovda. kotem Tavisi CiqorTuli ger-
manuliTa da mere arauSavsra inglisuriT
auxsna rac gvindoda. bevri lodini ar dag-
vWirvebia, male barmenma daxlze TiTo Wiqa
tekila, marili da TefSiT limonis ori na-
Weri gagvimwkriva.
kotes instruqciis mixedviT marili
marcxena xelis zurgze daviyare, imave xe-
lis ceriTa da saCvenebeli TiTiT limoni
daviWire, tekila gadavkari, xelis zurgidan marili avloke da limoni mivayole.
pirvelive Wiqam saswaulebrivi Sveba momgvara.
barmeni yuradRebiT mogvCereboda.
_ ha, rogori iyo! _ eSmakurad miRimoda kote.
_ kargi, Zmao, Zalian kargi, magram ro gagvemeorebina, ukeTesi iqneboda...
kotem TiTo Wiqa kidev SeukveTa da Cveni barmenisaTvis nacnobi procedura Tavidan gavi-
meoreT.
is iyo, fuli gadavixadeT da maRali skamebidan CamovcocdiT, rom barmenma kotes raRac
uTxra. kote me momaCerda.
_ rao?
_ Tu SeiZleba, TiTo Cems SCotSic dalieTo.
_ va, saRol, rogor ar SeiZleba!
mesame Wiqam srulyofil adamianad maqcia.
gareT rom gamovediT, sawyali guja ukve gveZebda:
_ dalieT ara, Tqve damplebo!
_ va, ra gveqna, to, kvdeboda kaci. _ daircxvina kotem.
mere wavediT da gujas mier aRmoCenil maRaziaSi 70 evrod swored iseTi karavi SeviZineT,
rogorzec mTeli Cemi axalgazrdoba vocnebobdi. viyideT, agreTve, sami cali gasaberi leibi
_ TiTo 16 evrod.
axla fiqri aRar iyo _ saxlic gvqonda da karic.
miunxenidan Sebindebulze gavediT. guldawyvetilebma mivatoveT es mSvenieri qalaqi.
ufulobas ra vuTxari, Torem iq erTi Rame mainc xom unda gagveTia...
avtobanze yuradRebiT vaTvalierebdiT sagzao niSnebs, kempings veZebdiT, magram raki
versad vipovneT, iZulebuli gavxdiT erT-erT fundukSi Ria cis qveS dagveZina. me da gujam
arCevani
axladnayidi leibebi gavbereT da zed davweqiT, kotem ki manqanaSi Zili arCia.

saqarTveloSi, am bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi, erTi axali xeloba gaCnda _ `peregonSiko-
ba~: nebismieri asakis mamakaci, romelsac jer kidev SerCenia Zal-Rone da siyoCaRe, ris vainaC-
V Tavi
robiT Soulobs Tavns _ 2 500-3 000 evros, aseTive tanjva-wamebiTa da germaniis saelCosTan
or-samdRiani rigSi dgomiT Rebulobs `Sengenis qveynebis~ vizas da miuxedavad imisa, rom
Tbilisidan diuseldorfsa da frankfurtSi TviTmfrinavis pirdapiri reisebia daniSnuli,
fulis dazogvis mizniT, avtobusiT jer stambolSi miemgzavreba, mere ki iqidan, TviT-
291
mfrinaviT _ germaniaSi.
warmoidgineT axla quTaiseli, Tbiliseli an Telaveli kaci am ucxo qveyanaSi: gza iman ar
icis da kvali, ena xom _ sul ara. ha da ha, Tavisi `qarTul-germanuli sasaubros~ wyalobiT,
erTi gaqceuli germaneli moabrunos, magram naTqvamia _ gaWirveba miCvene da gzas giCvenebo
da esec, es Cveni sawyali qarTvelic, bolo-bolo agnebs egreT wodebul àvtohauzs~, sadac
ZiriTadad Turqebi, bosnielebi da baltiispirelebi muSaoben, yidulobs maTgan 10-12 wlis
naxmar òpels~, `folksvagens, `BMW~-s an `mersedess~ da gamoswevs Sinisaken.
Tqveni ar vici, magram me davinteresdi, sad Souloben naxmar manqanebs TviTon is Turqebi,
bosnielebi da baltiispirelebi. ai, Turme, sad: germanels rom manqana dauZveldeba da axlis
SeZenas moisurvebs, gazeTSi aseT gancxadebas aqveynebs _ vyidi ama da am markis naxmar avtomo-
bils, amdeni wlisas da am ferisas, msurvelebma damirekeTo. eseni, es manqanis dalalebi, Sek-
rulebi yofilan stambis muSebTan, romlebsac meore dRes gamosasvleli gazeTis anabeWdebi,
ramdenime evros fasad, amaTTvis Cumad gamoaqvT.
aba, Cvenma abuetma qarTvelma ra icis im gazeTisa, magram romc icodes, mainc araferSi
gamoadgeba, radgan, jer erTi, enis ucodinarobis gamo ver waikiTxavs da, meorec, iq gamocxa-
debuli yvela avtomobili wina Ramesvea nayidi da àvtohauzebSi~ dabinavebuli, meore xeli-
dan nayid manqanaSi ki ormagisa da xSirad metis gadaxdac uwevs.
ra qnas, esec xels aZlevs, saqarTveloSi rom Camoitans, gayidis da oriod groSs mainc
moigebs.
magram mas Semdeg, rac amerikelebma erayi `gaaTavisufles~, iqac gaCndnen `peregonSike-
bi~, germanul àvtohauzebs~ axla erayelebic miawydnen da eSmakma Turqebma, bosnielebma da
gaeSmakebulma baltiispirelebma saqoneli ise gaaZvires, Cvens sacodav qarTvels, am bolo
dros, is groSebic aRara rCeba da iZulebulia, xels gamoayolos naxmari televizorebi, kom-
piuterebi an velosipedebi, rom cotaodeni mogeba amaTi gayidviT mainc naxos.
SeiZens manqanas da gamoswevs Sinisaken-meTqi... saTqmelad aris advili Torem, aba, erTi
warmoidgine, mkiTxvelo, saSovarze gasulma am Cvenma qarTvelma ramxela gza unda gamoiaros:
jer TiTqmis mTeli germania, mere mTiani avstriis nawili, CrdiloeT italia, iqidan gemiT
saberZneTSi unda gadavides, es qveyana Tavidan bolomde gadmolaxos da marto es ki ara, mTeli
TurqeTic kidiT kidemde gadmoseros. Zalian didi manZilia, TiTqmis 6 000 kilometria! axla
ramdeni faTeraki unda gadaxdes gzaSi, ramdeni davidaraba unda gadaitanos. yovel kapiks unda
gaufrTxildes, yoveli lukma unda awonos, daRlilma, RamRamobiT, sastumroSi ki ara, manqanaSi
unda daiZinos, rom fuli dazogos da isedac mizeruli mogeba gzaSive ar gaflangos.
modis da rac ufro uaxlovdeba saqarTvelos, miT ufro meti gamalebiT ucems guli, ori
ram grZnoba dauflebia _ grZnoba sixarulisa da grZnoba SiSisa...
sixaruli imisia, rom male ixilavs monatrebul samSoblo mxares, axloblebs, naTesav-
megobrebs, SiSi ki imisa, rom sarfs uaxlovdeba, sarfis saxelganTqmul sabaJos uaxlovdeba!
kargi, profesionali `peregonSiki~ germaniidan sarfSi, daaxloebiT, 5 dReSi Camodis,
anu dReSi saSualod 1000 kilometrze mets gamoivlis. axla warmoidgineT, rogori daRlili
da gasavaTebuli moadgeba igi samSoblos WiSkars, rogora aqvs yelSi amosuli yvelanairi àv-
tohauzebi~, miunxensa Tu insbrukSi nayidi iaffasiani Zexvi da puri, rogor enatreba mSob-
liuri kera _ col-Svili, sakuTari logini, qinZiTa da qondriT Sekazmuli lobio da advilad
mixvdebiT, ranairad eCqareba mSobliur miwaze fexis dadgma, magram nuras ukacravad _ sarfis
WiSkari dagmanuli xvdeba da swored aq iwyeba im xalxuri zRapris siuJetic, romlis gmirsac
arCevani
brolis koSkSi unda Sesvla, magram karebSi iseTi pirdaRebuli lomebi abia, rom iZulebulia,
erTs erTi Ceqma miugdos, meores _ meore da koSkSi fexSiSveli Sevides.
kargi ram sanaxavia rkinis meseriT, gisosebiT, galiebiTa da cxaurebiT gadaxergili sar-
V Tavi
fis sabaJo. aq mosuli kaci maSinve xvdeba, rom male raRac sxva, ucnaur qveyanaSi mouwevs fexis
Sedgma. aqamde aseTi ram arsad, arc erT qveyanaSi ar unaxavs da ucxo stumari maSinve gulis
fancqaliT gaifiqrebs, albaT swored es aris is aRTqmuli qveyana, sadac rZisa da Taflis
mdinareebi moedinebao. an ara da brolis koSki mainc iqneba, Torem amden pirdaRebul mta-
292
cebels aq ratom daabamdneno...
Cvens `peregonSiks~ mSvenivrad moexseneba im mtaceblebis ambavi da amitomac Tvinierad
dgeba rigebSi, yovel oTaxTan, yvela sarkmelTan rom gaWimula.
magram aq CeqmebiT verafers gaxdebi, veravis moatyueb, yvelas fuli unda: kompiuteruli
SemowmebisTvis _ 8 lari (Tu xamada xar _ 20 lari), manqanis gaCxrekisaTvis _ 5 lari (ar ekuT-
vnis, magram am `sawyal~ gamCxreksac xom unda Wama), sabaJo jixurTan raRac qaRaldis gamoweraSi,
romelsac `TT~-s eZaxian, 10 dolars gTxoven (aq lari ar gadis), mebaJesac, Tavis mxriv, kidev
10 dolari unda, Torem iseT Sars mogdebs, sikvdili sanatreli gagixdeba. iqve, Soriaxlo,
kidev erTi patara sarkmelia, sadac dezinfeqciisaTvis (ra dezinfeqciaa, ver gaigeb) 6 lars
gaxdevineben, manqanis nomrebis registraciisaTvis kidev 20 dolari unda agafcqvnan da bolos
yvela beWeddartymuli sabuTiT xeldamSvenebuli samSoblos dagmanul kars rom miadgebi,
axla im karis daraji agixirdeba da WiSkars manam ar gagiRebs, sanam 20 lars ar gagaZrobs.
ase Semodis daRlili, xSirad mTeli dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi rigebSi dgomiT gadalasla-
sebuli `peregonSiki~ saqarTveloSi, magram win kidev araerTi dabrkoleba elodeba _ sanam
Coloqis posts miaRwevdes, sagzao policiam sul cota xuTjer mainc unda gaaCeros da es xuTi
gaCereba, rogorc wesi, 25 lari ujdeba. Coloqze ki... modiT, Coloqze nuRaras vityviT.
aq ar SeiZleba, ar gagaxsendes, ras werda TurqeTidan saqarTveloSi momavali sulxan-saba
orbeliani: `movidnen Wanebi. dagviWires. mravali gvsarjes. oci marCili wagvarTves. zandukebi
dagvimtvries, tyuilad mebaJeoba iCemes da mravali gvaWirves~.
mSobliur qalaqSi Camosuli damaSvrali kaci cdilobs rogorme sarfianad gayidos jer
kidev ganubaJebeli manqana, gayidos Tan Camotanili televizorebi, kompiuterebi Tu velo-
sipedebi. xels rom daiclis, dadis bazarSi, yidulobs karg CalaRajs, gudis yvels, Zmaka-
cebTan erTad qeifobs da samSoblos sadRegrZeloSi ambobs, rom àr gascvlis salsa kldeebsa
ukvdavebisa xezeda~, rom aRarasodes wava ucxoeTSi manqanis Camosatanad, magram gadis sul
raRac erTi kvira da esec nel-nela moiwyens, ahqavdeba gverdebi, xelisgulebi, aviwydeba sar-
fi, Coloqi, agondeba evropis gamasmasebuli avtobanebi, maRaziebi, dawkrialebuli, kopwia
qalaqebi, moundeba isev iqiT wasvla, Tan vizasac jer vada ar gasvlia, erT reiss kidev mo-
aswrebs da yvelaferi Tavidan iwyeba...
erTma gamocdilma `peregonSikma~ aRmaSeneblis prospeqtze, germaniis saelCosTan ga-
marTul rigSi aseTi ram miTxra: iciT, Cveni xelobis kaci visa hgavso? _ axladmologinebul
qals, romelic mSobiarobis tkivilebisagan gatanjuli ificeba, met Svils aRar gavaCeno, mag-
ram gaixedav da isev mucelgamoberili dadiso.
aman me erTi Zveli anekdoti gamaxsena da im `peregonSiksac~ vuambe: gunebanaqcevad myofma
qalma skamze gadakidebuli qmris Sarvali dainaxa da dedamTils Seexvewa _ momaSore, Tore,
ro vuyureb, guli merevao. gavida xani. qalma moilogina da maSinve is Sarvali moikiTxa _ Se-
moitaneT, emand aravin moiparoso!
diliT adre gameRviZa. aRmoCnda, rom fundukSi, Cvens garda, bevrs gaeTia Rame. ZiriTa-
dad manqanebSi eZinaT. wavedi, piri davibane, mere saSxapeSi wyali gadavivle da is iyo gareT
gamovedi, rom viRac kaci, RimiliT momesalma:
_ salam aleiqum!
_ aleiqum salam! _ vupasuxe mec RimiliT.
gamiba Turquli laparaki.
me erTxans isev RimiliT mivCerebodi da roca aRar qna, qarTulad vupasuxe:
arCevani
_ ra giyo, Zmao, me Seni ara mesmis ra...

_ ardan urda, burda murda?!
_ ar mesmis, ras melaparakebi.
V Tavi
_ Turqei?
axla ki mivxvdi, rac awuxebda:
_ nou, gurj!
_ guurj? _ gauxarda mas.
293
_ ies!
_ du iu sfiq ingliS?
_ nou...
_ doiC?
_ nou...
_ frenC? _ aSkarad undoda CemTan laparakiT guli ejerebina.
_ ee, netai Sen, mogclia... _ xeli Caviqnie da gavecale.
biWebTan kudamoZuebuli mivedi.
_ vin iyo? _ mkiTxa gujam.
_ iyo erTi...
gunebaSi ki vfiqrob, `geswavla ra, Se oxero, erTi ena mainc geswavla~ da maSinve is kaxuri
anekdoti maxsendeba _ ìman ro iswavla, gamaadga, ro!~
kotem pirsaxoci aiRo da saSxapes miaSura _ ra vicodiT, ra gveloda... me da gujam leibebi
davCuteT, davaxvieT, manqanis sabargulSi CavalageT da gasamgzavreblad movemzadeT.
samxreTiT alpebis konturebi moCanda da gvarianadac griloda, jer cxra saaTic ar iyo.
_ exla cota wavixemsoT da davuberoT, _ Tqva gujam da saSxapesken gaixeda, saidanac kotes
simRera ismoda.
wavediT, maRazia davaTvaliereT, mgoni, raRacac viyideT da mere barSi TiTo yava davli-
eT. iqidan gamosulebma saSxapes CavuareT, sadac ukve idga mxarze pirsaxocgadakidebuli ram-
denime mamakaci, maT Soris, Cemi nacnobi Turqic, romelmac RimiliT damiqnia Tavi da saSxapes
karisken maniSna.
_ Tbiliso, mzis da vardebis mxareo... _ ismoda iqidan.
_ Tiblis! _ gamgebianad Tqva Turqma.
iqaurobas gavecaleT da qvemoT `CaviseirneT~. iq, Turme, patara tba yofiliyo, Sig gedebi
dacuravdnen, gaRma napirze, lelianSi meTevze ijda da wyalSi gadagdebul tivtivas Cas-
cqeroda.
_ wamo, vuyuroT, ar ginda?
gujam usityvod Semomxeda da Tavi ukmayofilod gadaaqnia. erTxans napirze videqiT, mere
gamovbrundiT da isev `seirnobiT~ wamovediT. saSxapesTan orjer meti xalxi mogroviliyo.
_ saaad ariis sxvagan axali varazii!.. _ mReroda Cveni kote.
Turqma seriozuli saxiT Semogvxeda.
me mivedi da saSxapes karze davakakune.
_ ra ari!
_ gamo, biWo, droze!
_ movdivar, xo, movdivar...
simRera Sewyda, axla marto wylis xmauriRa ismoda. wavediT da manqanaSi CavsxediT. daax-
loebiT naxevar saaTSi kotec movida. svel Tmas pirsaxociT imSralebda da alali RimiliT
gviyurebda.
visauzmeT, isev sosisebi geaxeliT, me da kotem TiTo ludic davlieT, mere davqoqeT da
wamovediT...
rac ufro vuaxlovdebodiT alpebs, miT ufro asatani xdeboda sicxe, romelmac guSin ki-
naRam Wkuidan SegvSala.
germaniisa da avstriis sazRvari ise gadavkveTeT, arc ki gagvigia, sakmao manZili gvqonda
arCevani
gavlili, roca Cvenma Sturmanma gamogvicxada _ ukve avstriaSi vyofilvarTo.

kargad iyo modRevebuli, magram ise Semawuxeblad aRar cxeloda, manqanis fanjrebidan
saamod grili niavi uberavda. tirolis miwaze, mdinare inis farTo xeobaSi mivqrodiT. mar-
V Tavi
cxniv da marjvniv, mwvaniT Semosil gormaxebze soflebi iyo Sefenili, aqa-iq moCanda Sua sa-
ukuneebis sagvareulo cixe-koSkebi, romlebic ise kargad iyo Semonaxuli, rom guSindeli
aSenebuli gegoneboda.
gadavwyviteT, rom avstriuli sofeli axlodan gvenaxa, gvainteresebda rogor cxovrob-
294
da xalxi, riTi suldgmulobda. soflebi uamravi iyo, gadavuxvieT trasidan da erT-erTis
misadgomebTan gavCerdiT. gadmovediT manqanidan, kapotze ruka gavSaleT da Semdgomi mar-
Srutis ganxilvasa da dazustebas SevudeqiT.
zed gzispirze vdgavarT, rukas CavcqeriT. mwvaned moRaRane saTibidan yvavilebis Tav-
brudamxvevi surneli gvcems, ismis mwyrebis sulmTlad Cveneburi `qvitkiroc~.
soflis mxridan axalgazrda ojaxi modis: deda, mama da ori Svili _ gogo da biWi. gogo aTi
wlis iqneba, biWi _ Svidisa. oTxives saTevzao joxi uWiravs xelSi. Cagviares da Tavazianad
mogvesalmnen. mama erTi wuTiT CamorCa, movida da gvekiTxeba _ ra ari, xo araferi giWirTo.
arao, araferio, _ vupasuxeT Cven. maSin kargad iyaviTo da Cqari nabijiT wavida, dawinaurebul
col-Svils wamoewia.
nasiamovnebi gavcqeriT mdinarisaken mimavlebs _ Zalian kargebi arian, Tanac raRacnairad
koxtad midian, oTxives sportuli tanisamosi acvia, oTxives mSvenivrad gawyobili saTevzao
joxi uWiravs. Tvals rom miefarnen, axla qvemodan amoiara erTma berikacma, isic mogvesalma,
isic dainteresda, xom araferi gagWirvebiaTo da roca darwmunda, rom marTla araferi
gviWirda, tkbili RimiliT dagvemSvidoba da gaswia soflisaken.
vdgavarT, cota ar iyos, gakvirvebulebi, am ucxo adamianebis yuradRebiT gaxarebulebi,
RimiliT vuyurebT erTmaneTs, xmas ar viRebT, Tanac gzis pirze daTesili, ayvavebuli ionji-
dan gvesmis mwyrebis qvivqviTi, caSi aWrili torolebis wkriali da gveCveneba, rom samSob-
loSi movediT, mSobliur miwaze gvidgas fexi...
bolos CavsxediT, rogorc iqna, manqanaSi da SevudeqiT soflisaken mimaval aRmarTs.
sofeli pataraa, sul ormociode komli iqneba. koxta saxlebi amwvanebul ezoebSia Cakar-
guli. aivnebi yvavilebiT mourTavT. gaRma tyispirSi saqoneli Zovs _ Wreli Zroxebi didron
curebs daaTimTimeben. me ezoebSi viyurebi, kiserwagrZelebuli vaTvaliereb iqaurobas _ nexvs
veZeb, saca saqonelia, iq nexvic xom unda iyos, magram, nuras ukacravad, imisi kvalic ki arsada
Cans _ isea iqauroba dawkrialebul-damasmasebuli, rom gulSi naTeli Cagidgeba.
soflis SuagulSi, moedanze saydari dgas, iqve afiSaa gakruli. kote gviTargmnis _ Turme
am eklesiaSi, SabaTobiT, saorRano koncertebi imarTeba.
gzaze velosipedze gadamjdari Suaxnis kaci gamoCnda, mogviaxlovda, velosipedi Robe-
ze miayuda da mogvesalma. xels rom marTmevda, vigrZeni, rogori dakoJrili xelisguli hqon-
da, saxezec gvarianad mohkideboda mze, erTi sityviT, zedgamoWrili Cveneburi glexkaci iyo.
dagviwyo gamokiTxva:
_ vina xarT, sadaurebi xarTo.
_ qarTvelebio.
_ sada cxovrobTo.
_ kavkasiaSio.
_ aa, Turqebi xarTo?
_ ara, kaco, qarTvelebio!
_ xoo, rusebio?
_ ara, ra rusebio!
dabneulma aiCeCa mxrebi da gviTxra, ar vici, vera gavige ra, magram eg araferi, wamodiT,
mgzavrebi xarT, davilocoT, TiTo Wiqa Rvino davlioTo!
gavikaliT daviT kldiaSvilis gmirebiviT Tavi: arao, rogor gekadrebao... nu Sewuxdebio..
arCevani
ar varT, batono, Rirsio!

erTxans gakvirvebulma gviyura, mere gadaajda Tavis velosipeds da ukanmouxedavad ga-
qusla. guldawyvetilebma gavayoleT Tvali _ erTxel kidev eTqva im kai kacs, ra moxdeboda,
V Tavi
rom erTxel kidev SevepatiJeTo...

wamovediT gulnaklulebi, aRrenilebi. gzaSi guja gvsayvedurobda _ kargi, me Cemi megre-
lobiT momivida da Tqven raRa dagemarTaT, am qarTl-kaxelebso!
ini didi mdinare rodia, Cveni mtkvrisodena Tu iqneba, swored am mdinarezea gaSenebuli
qalaqi insbruki, Cveneburad ìnis xidi~. 295
insbrukSi sagzali SeviZineT _ puri, sam-oTxnairi yveli, lori, Zexveuli, xilis wvenebi
da mineraluri wyali. dardi aRar iyo, karavi xom gvqonda, axla sasmel-saWmelic Tavzesayreli
gaviCineT da isRa dagvrCenoda, rac SeiZleba swrafad gvevlo, rom italiaSi dRenaTliv
CavsuliyaviT.
male ukan movitoveT insbruki _ zamTris IX da XI I olimpiadebis dedaqalaqi, misi ulamazesi
saTxilamuro tramplinebi da SevudeqiT tyian aRmarTs. axla ukve Sua alpebSi viyaviT, sakma-
od griloda, papanaqebagamovlilebma, cota suli moviTqviT da male gaxalisebulebi Wama-
smis gunebazec davdeqiT. me winadadeba Sevitane: modi, arsenasaviT aqve sadme, mwvaneze gavSa-
loT sufra-meTqi, magram Cemma amxanagebma damiSales _ arao, dagvajarimebeno, SeiZleba eg
siamovneba, sul cota, asi evro mainc dagvijdeso.
gamaxsenda erTi axloblis naambobi: germaniaSi samuSaod myof qarTvel biWebs, kvira dRes,
bunebis wiaRSi qeifi da drostareba gadauwyvetiaT. uyidiaT cxvari, Rvino, yveli, kitri,
pamidori da asulan erT tyispirSi. daunTiaT cecxli, dauTliaT Samfurebi, dauklavT cxvari,
ukana fexiT CamoukidiaT xis totze da is-is iyo, xeldaxel unda CamoetyavebinaT, rom
dasdgomian Tavze specnazelebi, daupatimrebiaT yvelani da wausxamT policiis ganyofilebaSi,
sadac TavianTi ufrosisTvis mouxsenebiaT: es biWebi seqtantebi arian da satanistur rituals
asrulebdneno.
kidev kargi, zed avstria-italiis sazRvarze, 1371 metris simaRlis breneris uRelte-
xilze aSenebuli funduki gamoCnda. gadavuxvieT da manqanidan gadmovediT.
erTi SexedviT Cveulebrivi funduki iyo _ Tavisi saSxapiT, sapirfareSoTi da maRaziiT,
magram Cvenda gasakvirad Sig aravin WaWanebda, arc gamyidveli iyo sadme da arc momsaxure
personali. maRaziaSi xilis wvenebisa da gamagrilebeli sasmelebis avtomatebi zuzunebdnen
_ CauSvebdi erTevroian monetas da gamogigdebda yinuliviT civ koka-kolasa Tu spraits. xo-
lo saSxapes avtomatSi naxevarevroians Tu Caagdebdi, TqiSiniT wamovidoda cxeli wyali. mok-
led, iqauroba fantasti mwerlis, rei bredberis idumalebiT mocul samyaros hgavda.
videqiT da gaocebulebi viyurebodiT aqeT-iqiT... ara, es avtomatebi ar gagvkvirvebia,
marTla da marTla mTvaridan xom ar viyaviT Camocvenilebi, sul sxva ram gvikvirda: ratom ar
iyo aqauroba damsxvreuli da dalewili, ratom aravis moefsa iatakze, ratom ar amoekawraT
mgzavrebs Tavisi saxelebi da gvarebi kedlebze, ratom aravis aewapna naTurebi da tualetis
qaRaldi, ra iyo, ra xdeboda, ra xalxi cxovrobda am ucnaur qveyanaSi, ra xalxi mimodioda am
gzaze... Tvalwin damidga dangreuli, gadamwvari rusTavelis prospeqti, axrColebuli,
fanjrebamoRamebuli, gaSavebuli Senobebi... Cveni saxli brZolis epicentridan sul raRac
samas metrSi, zed Tavisuflebis moedanze idga. ori dRe vicadeT, magram srola rom aRar Sewyda,
gadavwyviteT gavxiznuliyaviT. nucubiZis platoze mouwyobeli, TiTqmis carieli bina mqonda,
romelsac saxelosnod viyenebdi, magram droebiT TavSesafradac gamodgeboda.
bavSvebs da moxucebs Tbilad CavacviT da ezoSi CaviyvaneT. me moedanze gavedi, rom iqau-
roba damezvera. maSinve viRac SavniRbiani kaci momiaxlovda, etyoba, micno, radgan saxeliT
mommarTa _ aq nu dadgebi, Torem, SeiZleba brma tyvia mogxvdeso.
me vuTxari _ Tu Zma xar, ojaxi minda gavxizno da mirCie, ra vqna, rogor moviqce-meTqi.
saiuvilero maRaziis vitrinisken miviwieT. niRbosanma miTxra _ moiyvane da arkaSi daaye-
ne, zogjer srola Sewydeba xolme, me ganiSneb da maSin gamodiTo.
asec moviqeci, bavSvebi da moxucebi ezos SesasvlelSi gavamwkrive da rogorc ki im Cemma
arCevani
nacnob-ucnobma xeli damiqnia, maSinve gareT gavediT.

win coli gavuSvi, mere bavSvebi, ukan moxucebi da sul bolos, Camketad, me wavedi. ase
dawalikebulebi mivdiodiT da yovel wuTSi srolis ganaxlebas velodebodiT.
V Tavi
rogorc ki `razmi~ samSvidobos davigule, vifiqre, modi, mivbrundebi da im kacs madlo-

bas mainc vetyvi-meTqi, magram swored im dros, iseTi saSineli srola atyda, rom am ganzrax-
vaze maSinve xeli aviRe.
male maCabelze gadavuxvieT. isev ise mivdiodiT _ win coli, ukan bavSvebi, mere moxucebi
296 da sul bolos me.
mweralTa sasaxles rom gavuareT, mis dagmanul karTan atuzuli erTi nacnobi prozaikosi
SevniSne. mivesalme da mere engelsis quCaze CavuxvieT, sadac Cemi `razmis~ TiToeuli wevri
TiTo xis ukan davayene da davuwye taqss lodini. karga xans velodeT, magram, ra Tqma unda,
araferma Camoiara.
srola ar wydeboda. avtomatebis kakans zogjer zarbaznebis quxilic zed erTvoda da so-
lolakis dafaxfaxebul saxlebs sul zanzari gaudiodaT.
uecrad, maCablis quCidan im Cemma nacnobma prozaikosma Tavisi `JiguliT~ Camouxvia da
Cvensken wamovida. SvebiT amovisunTqe, gaRimebuli win wavdeqi da davenaxve, magram TiTiT ma-
niSna _ aqve, sul axlos mivdivaro da svla arc ki Seunelebia, win ise Camiqrola.
gakvirvebuli da nirwamxdari videqi. gvianRa gamaxsenda, rom, am orad gaglejil saqar-
TveloSi, is kaci erT-erT gunds uTanagrZnobda, me ki, albaT, meores gulSematkivari vegone.
raRa unda gveqna, engelsze fexiT daveSviT, puris moedani gaviareT da iqidan mtkvris
sanapiroze gavediT. male erTma Zvelma `volgam~ gagviCera, mZRolma, Suaxans gadacilebulma
Tbiliselma somexma manqanis kari gagviRo da dasxediTo, TaviT gvaniSna. me win Cavjeqi, biWi
muxlebze davisvi, danarCenebi ki ukan moTavsdnen.
srolis xma aqac ismoda.
_ va, es ras akeTeben, kaco! _ saubris gabma scada manqanis mZRolma, magram ise viyaviT kri-
WaSekrulebi, rom sityva ver dagvacdevina.
ase mdumared gaviareT TiTqmis mTeli qalaqi da roca Cvens korpuss mivadeqiT, jibidan
fuli amoviRe da mZRols gavuwode. xeli amikra da misayvedura:
_ kaco, qalaqeli kaci xar, ara grcxvenia?!
ase viqeciT `Tbilisel dazaralebulebad~.
mere da mere es fraza damkvidrda, sxvanairad aRar axsenebdnen, TiTqos raRacas malav-
dnen, viRacas umalavdnen, simarTlis Tqmas eridebodnen da marto am erT frazas Casciebod-
nen, ase werdnen, ase amkvidrebdnen _ `1991-92 wlis dekember-ianvris cnobili movlenebio~.
aRar ganmartavdnen, ra moxda, riTi gaxda cnobili...
Sinaurebs didxans vumalavdi, rom Cveni saxlic daiwva, mTlianad Caiferfla da misgan
Savad ayayuli kedlebiRa darCa. avlabris gadmosaxedidan vuyurebdi, rogor iwvoda, rogor
gaxveuliyo cecxlis alSi, ranairad adga Tavze Savi kvamlisa da ferflis Rrubeli. erTi wig-
nic ki ver gamovitane, sabuTebic vera, saojaxo nivTebze rom aRaraferi vTqva. arada qalebi
Camciebodnen, iq erTi qila kargi Tafli gvaqvs Senaxuli, egeb is mainc mogvitano, rom gozinayi
gavakeToT, axali weli modiso.
eqvs ianvars coli amixirda, wavideT, Cveni saxli vnaxoTo. didxans viTrie fexi, raRa ar
movimizeze, magram, bolos, roca marto wasvla gadawyvita, raRas vizamdi...
gzaSi frTxilad Sevapare, daiwva-meTqi. ras ambobo, gafiTrda, iqneb raRac mainc gadar-
Cao da roca abolebuli kedlebiRa dainaxa, muxlT moekveTa, kinaRam xelSi Camakvda. gavaqane
leseliZis quCisken, sadac erTi patara yavaxana meguleboda, Seviyvane, oficiants sirCiT
koniaki movatanine da kriWaSekruls pirSi ZaliT Cavasxi. cota xanSi moixeda, moferianda da
tirili daiwyo.
yavaxanaSi Cveulebrivad Tbiloda, Cveulebrivad isxdnen Seyvarebulebi da yavasac Cveu-
lebrivad svamdnen.
gareT srola Camcxraliyo.
arCevani
Tbilisi mglebis najijgni ZaRliviT iwva da Wrilobebs ilokavda.

adamianebma yvelaferi dakarges, xandazmulebma sakuTari mSoblebisa da winaprebis fo-
tosuraTebi, axalgazrdebma _ rwmena, bavSvebma _ saTamaSoebi, alersi da tkbili Rimili...
erTxel, sadRac saburTaloze, xil-bostneulis maRaziis sawyobSi, humanitaruli dampa-
V Tavi
li kartofilis rigSi, vaxuSti kotetiSvilma SemomCivla: winaT maneTiani rom damkargvoda,

guli mwydeboda, axla yvelaferi davkarge da, viTomc araferi, guls axlos ar ekarebao. igi
Tavisi wignSi, `Cemi wuTisofeli~ wers: `vdgavar Cemi afeTqebuli saxlis abolebul
nangrevebTan yovlad uazrod. am mdgomareobas ar SeiZleba daerqvas arc ùsaSveloba~ da arc
297
`sasowarkveTa~. es uazroba Cemi axali yofierebis formaa. vinc gars maxvevia, TiTqos sadRac
sxvagan arseboben, fusfusebdnen da raRac azrebs gamoTqvamen, cdiloben miTanagrZnon... undaT
Cemi gamoyvana am mdgomareobidan. magram me verafers vigeb, arc vusmen, radgan araviTari
survili ara maqvs am uazrobidan gamorkvevisa, aq saocari simSvidea, uwonadobis gancda~.
aseTi gancda, maSin, aTasze met `Tbilisel dazaralebuls~ gasCenoda.
magram, modiT, isev Cvens funduks davubrundeT...
aba, kote jandieri am SemTxvevas xelidan rogor gauSvebda da saSxapedan karga xans ismoda
misi `tkbili~ simRera...
sufra gareT, koxta saCrdilobelSi gamarTul magidaze gavSaleT. amovalageT insbrukSi
nayidi sanovage da Tbilisidan wamoRebuli koniaki, romelic, ra Tqma unda, falsificire-
buli gamodga. vadRegrZeleT am qveynis mcxovrebi RvTisnieri xalxi, kargad davnayrdiT da
davadeqiT pirveli italiuri qalaqis, trentosken mimaval gzas...
es gza warmoadgenda mdinare adijes viwro xeobaSi maRal estakadaze Semdgar avtobans,
romelic TandaTanobiT barisken eSveboda da agrerigad sasurvel, saocnebo samyaros gvaax-
loebda. irgvliv alpebis moyavisfro kldovani mTebi aRmarTuliyvnen. marjvniv, am mTebis
gadaRma, Sveicaria gveguleboda, imis iqiT ki _ safrangeTi..
ukve italiaSi viyaviT da rac ufro qvemoT veSvebodiT, sicxe miT ufro matulobda. al-
pebi dadablda da sul male amwvanebul gorakebad gadaiqca. qalaqi trento xelmarcxniv mo-
vitoveT da gavivakeT kidec. bevri ar gvikamaTia, veronas monaxuleba gadavwyviteT.
verona alpebis ZirSi mdebareobs da Suaze mdinare adije Camoudis. qalaqSi 270 000 mcxov-
rebi yofila, magram mis quCebSi ori amdeni turisti ireoda. manqana bras moedanTan axlos
gavaCereT da maSinve barSi vdurTeT Tavi. barmeni zangis gogo aRmoCnda, romelsac sulis
mosabruneblad civi koka-kola da blomad yinuli vTxoveT. raRac saeWvod gviRimoda. mar-
Tlac, xurdaSi mTeli aTi evro dagvaklo, magram kotem gaugo, fuli waarTva da kargadac Se-
jora. ise viyaviT dasicxulebi, rom sul im yinulebs visvamdiT Tavze, kiserze da mklavebze.
baridan gamosulebma uZveles romaul amfiTeatrs CavuareT. iq axla, Turme, saopero speq-
taklebs dgamen. Teatris SesasvlelTan oTxi uzarmazari, oqrosferi sfinqsi iwva, radgan im
saRamos cnobili italieli kinoreJisoris franko Zefirelis mier dadgmuli verdis3 àida~
gadioda. salaroebTan turistebis grZeli rigebi gamarTuliyo. gadavwyviteT, Cvenc Sev-
suliyaviT da kote bileTebis asaRebad gavuSviT, magram male kudamoZuebuli mobrunda, rad-
gan yvelaze iafi bileTi Turme asi evro Rirda...
raRas vizamdiT, bras moedans mivaSureT, sadac SadrevanTan, Wadrebis CrdilSi, sicxisgan
galeqebuli uamravi turisti guls civi wyliTa da nayiniT ibrunebda. TiTo boTli yinuliviT
wyali Cvenc davlieT, ufro sworad, Tavze gadavivleT da gzas gavudeqiT _ julieta kapuletis
saxli unda gvenaxa...
es saxli, rogorc turistuli bukletebis erTma yoCaRma gamyidvelma migvaswavla, via
palacoze idga. quCis povna ar gagvWirvebia, radgan msoflios TiTqmis yvela kuTxidan Camo-
suli auareba turisti swored im saxlis sanaxavad mieSureboda da Cvenc isRa dagvrCenoda,
maT gavyolodiT.
xalxiT gaZeZgili via palaco marmariloTi mogebuli quCa aRmoCnda, romelic cecxlze
Semodgmul tafas hgavda, Cven ki im tafaSi Sesawvavad Calagebul WiWyina Tevzebs _ quCaSi da-
gebuli marmarilo sicxisgan ise iyo gavarvarebuli, rom zed xelsac ver daakarebdi.
turistebis jgros adevnebulni win nela, TiTqmis nabij-nabij miviwevdiT. Sua quCaSi, vi-
Rac TvalTmaqci italieli biWi zed qvafenilze daasrialebda sam Wiqasa da patara burTs. Tu
arCevani
gamoicnobdi, is burTi romel WiqaSi iyo, ormocdaaT evros moigebdi, Tu vera da zustad
amdenive unda wagego.
sulma wamZlia da gavCerdi. aSkarad SevniSne, rogor uceb gamococxldnen is xelmardi
V Tavi
italieli da mis garSemo Cacucquli ramdenime biWi, misive amfsonebi, romlebic aqamde Tavs
azartul moTamaSeebad asaRebdnen. gamecina, Tbilisis vagzalze amis meti ra menaxa, didi xania
mocvlili mqonda amaTi mosatyuebeli kbili.
298 3
juzepe verdi (1813_1901) _ italieli kompozitori.
bolos, rogorc iqna, `kapuletebis saxlsac~ mivadeqiT.
Turme Seqspiri4 veronaSi arasodes yofila, arc via palaco unaxavs da arc erbes moedani,
romelic aqedan sul ramdenime nabijzea, magram aq Camosul uklebliv yvela turists sjera,
rom es saxli swored julieta kapuletisaa, swored am ezoSi idga romeo, aqedan esaubreboda
aivanze gadmomdgar satrfos da darwmunebulia, rom sadme, kedelze sakuTari mijnuris saxels
Tu miawers, misi siyvaruli garantirebuli eqneba.
amitomac aris TaRovani Sesasvlelis kedlebi Ziridan Tavamde warwerebiT dafaruli. aq
yvela enaze weria yovel erSi arsebuli kacisa da qalis saxeli, erTi TiTisdadeba adgili
aRarsad darCenila _ uimedod Seyvarebul adamianebs orive kedeli mTlianad SeuvsiaT.
ai, Turme, ra Zala hqonia mwerlis sityvas!
aRtacebulni vaTvalierebT am warwerebs _ isargayril gulebs, TmaxuWuWa kupidonebs. sul
male, albaT turistebi kibeebiT ivlian, rom TaRovani Sesasvlelis Wersac miswvdnen da
warwerebiT isic Seavson.
mdumared vdgavar siyvarulis am ucnaur meqaSi da genialuri mwerlis ukvdavi striqone-
bi magondeba:
ai ambavi, Tu rogori bedi swvevia
turfa veronis or Zvel ojaxs, cnobilebs didad,
mamaTa SuRli axal mtrobad gaduqceviaT
da wminda sisxliT SeubRalavT xelebi wminda.
Savbed varskvlavze, savalalod, am orma gvarma
ori naTeli siyvarulis varskvlavi Soba,
Semdeg sabralo mijnurebis bedis avdarma,
maTma sikvdilma sabolood Sewyvita mtroba.
gulismwyvlelia sevdiani ambavi maTi!
gulismomwyvlelia warwerebiT aWrelebuli es TaRovani Sesasvlelic, magram imave dros
imedis Camsaxvelicaa, radgan gjera, rom sanam adamianTa modgmas siyvaruli asuldgmulebs,
manam daRupva ar uweria.
bolos ezoSic SevediT. iq `julietas aivnis~ qveS Tavad julieta kapuletis naturaluri
zomis brinjaos qandakeba dgas. kedelTan diqtofonebia Camwkrivebuli. Tuki, `romeo da
julieta~ wakiTxuli ara gaqvs, Sig sami evro unda CauSva, Rilaks TiTi miaWiro da Seqspiris
tragediis mokle Sinaarss msoflios TiTqmis yvela enaze giambobs.
Cvenda gasakvirad, julietas marjvena ZuZu ise aqvs gaprialebuli, rom mzesaviT unaTebs.
ver vgebulobT, ra simboluri daniSnuleba unda hqondes amas, magram sul male yvelaferi
cxadi xdeba...
aq yvela turist qals unda erTi wuTiT mainc warmoidginos Tavi julietad da kapulete-
bis aivanze suraTi gadaiRos. es ioli saqmea _ sakmarisia ramdenime evro gadaixados, rom sax-
lis meore sarTulze auSveben da aivanze gadmomdgars qvemodan fotografi `CaakartiCkebs~.
kacsac xom unda samaxsovro foto, amisaTvis Turme julietas qandakebas marjvnidan unda
amoudges, xeli marjvena ZuZuze waavlos da im fotografis samfexaze Semdgari aparatidanac
maSinve `Citi gamofrindeba~. esec fuli Rirs, sul aTi evro, samagierod SeuZlia nacnob-
megobrebTan waitrabaxos, rom am romantiuli qalwulis ZuZu xelSi sWeria!
arCevani
msurveli mravalia da raki erTi kaci amden saqmes ver auva, amitom ezoSi ramdenime fo-
tografi muSaobs, saxeze oflis xviTqi gadasdiT, giRimian, gelaqucebian da, rogorc Cans,
blomad mayuTsac Souloben.
V Tavi
ager, viRac gadamRrZvali berikaci julietas qandakebas gverdiT daudga, ZuZuze bilwi
RimiliT waavlo xeli da misma Tanmxlebma dedabrebmac maSinve fotoaparatebi aaCxakunes.
4
uiliam Seqspiri (1564_1616) _ gamoCenili ingliseli mwerali, Targmnilia qarTulad. mis piesaSi
`romeo da julieta~ moqmedeba swored veronaSi xdeba.
299
zizRmoreulebma davtoveT is ezo, romelic Tavidan siyvarulis meqa gvegona. via kapelo-
ze gunebawamxdrebi gamovediT da erbes moednisken gavwieT.
ai, Turme, ratom uprialebs marjvena ZuZu im sabralo julietas...
sicxisa da im amazrzeni sanaxaobisgan ise viyavi gabruebuli, rom aRarafris Tavi ar mqon-
da, amitom gujas da kotes qalaqis dasaTvliereblad veRar wavyevi, aq dagelodebiT-meTqi da
veronas RvTismSoblis SadrevanTan Camovjeqi.
iseTi grZnoba mqonda, TiTqos Seuracxyofa momayenes, TiTqos saSineli sila gaawnes wignis
kiTxvaSi galeul Cems bavSvobas, yrmobas, axalgazrdobas da siWarmages. amis mere iqneb
sicocxlec aRar Rirda. iqneb am oxer qalaqSi Camosvlas, sjobda isev im gardasul samyaroSi
gavmgzavrebuliyavi, sadac jer isev sasoebis cremliT altobdnen baliSs romeosa da julietas
tragikuli ambis kiTxvisas, magram sad iyo is samyaro, dedamiwis romel kuTxeSi?
mecxramete saukunidan meoceSi mosul adamianebs tyavis abgebSi wignebic elagaT. ra iqna
is wignebi? nuTu aq, am ocdameerTe saukuneSi wigni aRaravis sWirdeba? maS ratom dakarga fasi,
ratom Secvala igi yvela enaze molaparake aparatma?
dRes CvenSi xSirad gaigonebT: visac wigni uyvars, imas fuli ara aqvs, visac fuli aqvs _
imas wigni ar uyvarso. viTom marto amitom aicrua mkiTxvelma guli wignze? viTom mxolod
amitom dakarga mwerlobam erTguli mkiTxveli, romelic puris fuls iklebda, magram wigns
mainc yidulobda?
saqarTveloSi meoce saukune ilia WavWavaZis mkvlelobiT daiwyo. axla, mwerlisa da mkiT-
xvelis damakavSirebel, Cangreul xidTan mdgomni uneburad vixsenebT im tragikul dasawyiss,
radgan ilias mkvlelobaSi aSkarad vgrZnobT raRac niSandoblivs, egeb am xidis Cangrevis
umTavres mizezsac.
am ocdaaTiode wlis winaT, `ciskris~ redaqcias, marjaniSvilis moedanze, erTi Zveli sax-
lis meore sarTulze ramdenime oTaxi ekava. kibe unda agevlo, viwro, bnel derefanSi ga-
suliyavi da redaqciis karsac miadgebodi. xis masiuri, maRali kari saSinlad Wrialebda. ma-
Sindel damwyeb mwerlebs es Wriali Zalze gvafrTxobda, gverCivna, redaqciaSi SeumCnevlad,
yovelgvari xmauris gareSe SevsuliyaviT. kacma rom Tqvas, aseve Cumad da uxmaurod Se-
movidodiT mwerlobaSic.
erT dRes, redaqciaSi, swored ase uCumrad SeviZurwe, magram yvela oTaxi carieli dam-
xvda da iZulebuli gavxdi, redaqtoris kabinetSi Semexeda. yvelani iq iyvnen. damiZaxes, mo-
dio da mec Sevedi. saqaRaldes zurgsukan vmalavdi. maxsovs, tariel Wanturia givi ZnelaZes5
sayvedurobda _ nametani gadayevi smas, ramdeni xania, leqsi aRar dagiweriao, is ki fanjarasTan
idga da quCaSi naRvliani saxiT icqireboda.
uecrad, saSineli Wriali gaisma. aseTi rixiT im kars mxolod redaqciis TanamSromlebi da
cnobili mwerlebi aRebdnen. TanamSromlebi adgilze iyvnen da amitom, yvelani Semosasvlel
kars mivaCerdiT, gvainteresebda, vin iyo.
oTaxSi Suaxnis maRali, gamxdari kaci Semovida, romelsac iRliaSi raRac xazgasmuli da-
udevrobiT amoeCara sqeli saqaRalde. skami SesTavazes, magram ar damjdara, damxvdurebi ra-
Rac ucnauri, amoucnobi RimiliT moaTvaliera, is saqaRalde redaqtors magidaze daugdo da
Tqva: Tu dabeWdavT, xom kargi, Tu ara da, es wigni Tavis gzas mainc ipovniso. mere gabrunda da
oTaxidan daumSvidobeblad gavida.
arCevani
_ vin iyo? _ vkiTxe karlo koberiZes6.

_ Wabua amirejibi. _ mipasuxa man.
maSin Wabua kinogaqiravebis kantoraSi Tu raRac amis msgavs dawesebulebaSi muSaobda da
televiziiT axal filmebs reklamas ukeTebda. erTi patara wignic hqonda gamocemuli, magram
V Tavi
me arc mas vicnobdi da arc is wigni wamekiTxa, amitom aseTma rixianma daudevrobam da imsisqe
saqaRaldem, cota ar iyos, gamakvirva, danarCenebs ki ironiuli Rimili mohgvara.
5
qarTveli poetebi.
300 6
qarTveli mwerali.
gavida erTi kvira.
sakuTari moTxrobebis bediT dainteresebulma redaqcias isev mivakiTxe, magram an Cem-
Tvis vis ecala, an im Cemi moTxrobebisTvis _ iqauroba skasaviT areuli damixvda. yvelas raRac
furclebi eWira xelSi, zogi ijda, zogi idga, kedels mxriT an zurgiT miyrdnoboda da im
furclebs gatacebiT kiTxulobda.
_ ra ari? _ vkiTxe karlos.
_ `daTa TuTaSxia~. _ ise mipasuxa, rom furclisTvis Tvali ar moucilebia.
movida guram fanjikiZe,7 karlos wakiTxuli gverdebi gamoarTva da Tavisebi givis miutana.
_ kargia? _ vkiTxe axla mas.
_ magaria! _ mipasuxa da oTaxidan kiTxva-kiTxviT gavida.
saSinelma survilma Semipyro _ axla erTi gverdi mainc rom ar wamekiTxa, gavgiJdebodi.
viRacas vTxove da ramdenime furceli damiTmo. daviwye kiTxva da veRar movwydi, redaqciaSi
damaRamda.
is saerTo aRtaceba da sixaruli male mTels qveyanas moedo... ase iyo... magram isic saTqme-
lia, rom maSin jer kidev uyvardaT kargi mwerlebi da karg wignebsac sxva fasi edo.
palaco erebze, veronas RvTismSoblis gamSral SadrevanTan mjdoms, amgvari fiqrebi maw-
valebda da autaneli papanaqebisagan ise viyavi gatanjuli, rom sikvdils vnatrobdi. kote da
guja jer arsad Candnen. vuyurebdi Cems win aRmarTul, mecamete saukuneSi aSenebuli saxlis
fasads da wuTisoflis warmavlobaze vfiqrobdi. meCveneboda, rom sikvdili erTaderTi xsna,
erTaderTi gamosavali iyo im satanjvelidan, rasac am wuTSi ganvicdidi. warmovidgine, rom
marTlac movkvdi _ gverdze gadavqandi da bordiuridan qvemoT Cavcurdi. vwevar gavarvarebul
marmariloze mokuntuli, turistebi gverds mivlian, Tvals marideben.
movida, momiaxlovda erTi mtredi da cali TvaliT frTxilad SemaTvaliera. mgoni mixvda,
rom mkvdari var, turistebis mier gadayrili puris namcecebi swrafad akenka da gafrinda.
kvlav marto vrCebi, magram axla aRaraferi mawuxebs, aRaras vnaRvlob _ aRarc sicxes,
aRarc wyurvilsa da arc julieta kapuletis priala ZuZus.
brundebian STabeWdilebebiTa da jan-RoniT savse Cemi megobrebi kote da guja, manjRre-
ven _ hgoniaT, rom vxumrob, an CameZina, anda, uares SemTxvevaSi, sicxisgan guli SemiRonda,
magram rogorc ki aRmoaCenen, rom mkvdari var, ganze gaxtebian da Tavzardacemulebi mi-
yureben.
sindisi mqenjnis: kargi, me movkvdi, davisvene, wuTisoflis amaoebas gaveride, magram amaT
ras verCi, amdeni saxlaforTo saqme rad gavuCine? jer erTi, unda iSovnon celofanis didi
tomara, Sig Camtenon da Tan qlori Tu raRac oxroba Camayaron, rom am sicxeSi droze adre ar
gavixrwne. mere, rogorme, palaco bramde unda mimaTrion, iq gujas axladnayidi manqanis
sabarguloSi Camdon da kriWaSekrulebi, mwuxarebiTa da sasowarkveTiT aRsavseni gzas
gaudgnen.
me im sabargulSi TandaTanobiT gavsivdebi, ra Tqma unda, sunsac gavuSveb, saSinlad av-
yroldebi da male, es autaneli suni manqanis salonSic SeaRwevs. vin icis, ra dReSi Cacviv-
debian, magram ras izamen, unda gauZlon, gzaSi xom versad gadamagdeben...
amitom ara, aRar vkvdebi!
amis gafiqrebaze sakvirveli Sveba vigrZeni, mimovixede _ qalaqis mTavar moedanze, vero-
nas RvTismSoblis marmarilos qandakebis ferxTiT vijeqi da marTalia, isev saSinlad cxe-
arCevani
loda, isev autaneli papanaqeba idga, magram, miuxedavad amisa, mainc iseTi mSvenieri momeCvena
iqauroba, iseTi Tvalwarmtaci, rom naxevrad SiSveli turistebis yovlis wambilwavi jogis
danaxvac ki mesiamovna.
amasobaSi Zveli qalaqis RirsSesaniSnaobebiT moxibluli da gunebagamokeTebuli guja da
V Tavi
kote marTlac movidnen. mosaRamovebuliyo da unda gveCqara, rom Rame isev Ria cis qveS ar
gagveTia. ukan gamoviareT via kapelo, palaco braze gamovediT, iq TiTo nayins geaxeliT, mere
Cveni manqana movZebneT, CavsxediT da veneciisken gavutieT.
7
qarTveli mwerali.
301
Cvenma megobarma paata nacvliSvilma TbilisSi veneciis yvelanairi ruka mogvca da Tan
dagvariga _ Rame mestrSi gaaTieT, veneciis sastumroebs axlos ar gaekaroT, Torem gaiyide-
biTo. paatas mTeli msoflio aqvs Semovlili, evropis TiTqmis yvela qalaqSia namyofi, zo-
gierT maTganze, maT Soris, veneciaze wigni aqvs dawerili da ra sabuTi gvqonda, rom ar dag-
vejerebina.
mestreSi daRamebulze SevediT. gvSioda, gvwyuroda, daRlilobisagan araqaTi gvqonda
gamoclili, magram mainc xalisianad gamoviyurebodiT, radgan veneciamde sul raRac 10-12
kilometriRa iyo darCenili.
kote da guja sastumros mosaZebnad wavidnen. me manqanaSi davrCi, bukleti gadavSale da
sastumros fasebis Tvalierebas Sevudeqi. samadgiliani nomeri as evroze naklebad arsad qi-
ravdeboda. cota ar iyos, moviwyine, magram sxva ra gza gvqonda, Rames cis qveS xom ar ga-
vaTenebdiT.
kote da guja male mobrundnen. sastumrosTvis iqve axlos, meore quCaze miegnoT, sadac
erT oTaxsa da manqanis sadgoms asoc evrod aqiravebdnen. meZvira, magram ra unda gveqna...
cota xnis Semdeg erT samsarTulian Senobas mivadeqiT, saidanac xuWuWTmiani administra-
tori gamogvegeba, manqana sadgomze dagvayenebina liftiT mesame sarTulze agviyvana. oTaxSi
kondicioneri muSaobda da sasiamovnod griloda. asi evro marto es kondicioneri Rirso,
gamogvicxada kotem.
me da gujam wyali gadavivleT da maSinve sufris gaSlas SevudeqiT. CanTebidan amovalageT
insbrukis supermarketSi nayidi puri, Zexvi, lori da yveli, romelic sicxisagan ise iyo
gamdnari, rom reziniviT iweleboda. amoviReT koniakis bolo boTlic.
saabazanodan gamosulma kotem falsificirebuli koniakis dalevaze sastiki uari gamog-
vicxada. SevwuxdiT _ cota adre geTqva, Se kai kaco, gzaSi rame sxvas viyididiTo, magram kotes
eSmakurad aucimcimda Tvalebi da Tavisi xelCanTidan tekilas litriani boTli amoaZvrina.
Turme, insbrukSi Cumad eyida, rom CvenTvis es siurprizi moewyo.
cota xnis Semdeg is boTli TiTqmis bolomde gvqonda dayvanili da aRgznebulebi erTma-
neTs laparaks ar vacdidiT:
_ verona unda daingres! _ vkiodi me.
_ marTalia, unda daingres! _ midasturebda kote.
_ rogorc karTageni! _ sakuTar Wiqas Cahyviroda beriSvili.
aseTi sastiki ganaCeni gamovutaneT italiis am uZvelessa da umSvenieres qalaqs im RamiT.
diliT yvelaze adre gameRviZa da roca areuli sufra movaTvaliere, Tavzari dameca _
tekilas viRa Cioda, jandieris dawunebuli koniakis boTlic sul bolomde gamogvewrupa!
pirgamSralma macivris kari gamovaRe _ gamagrilebeli sasmelebiTa da ludiT iyo gaZeZ-
gili!
is iyo, erTi qila ludi davlie da macivridan axla meore gamoviRe, rom kote da guja
mecnen da xelebis gadagrexva damiwyes. me, rac SemeZlo, vewinaaRmdegebodi da qilis gaxsnas
vcdilobdi, magram bolos, imarjves, wamarTves da isev macivarSi daabinaves. jer megona, Cems
janmrTelobas ufrTxildebodnen, magram gamoirkva, rom Cemi jibis dardi ufro hqonodaT _
ludi aq samjer ufro Zviri yofila, vidre maRaziaSi an Tundac barSi.
qvemoT mSvenieri sauzme gveloda _ yava, Cai, jemi, karaqi, yveli da gemrieli franguli
funTuSebi. kargad rom davnayrdiT, Cveni sastumros administratorma, juzepem gviTxra _
arCevani
veneciaSi wasvlas Tu apirebT, girCevniaT, manqana aq datovoT da avtobusiT gaemgzavroTo.

gadavwyviteT, marTlac ase movqceuliyaviT, quCaSi gamovediT da sanam kote da guja man-
qanis sabargulsa da salons alagebdnen, me maxlobel barSi ori kaTxa ludi davlie. jer dilis
V Tavi
cxra saaTic ar iqneboda da imitom bari TiTqmis carieli iyo. Soreul kuTxeSi marto erTi
CemsaviT saxemoJamuli kaci ijda da isic luds Seeqceoda. kari gaiRo da viRac motocikletistis
Cafxutianma biWma xis badiiT funTuSebi Semoitana. barmenma qalma mas fuli gadauxada, mere
erTmaneTs raRac uTxres da gaicines. biWi wavida. erTi SexedviT, Cveulebrivi bari iyo, magram
302
ratomRac gavifiqre, aqauroba sicocxlis bolomde memaxsovreba-meTqi.
avtobusSi CavsxediT da TxuTmet wuTSi ukve veneciaSi viyaviT.
venecia qalaqi ar aris. aq yvelaferia: quCebic, moednebic, xidebica da arqiteqturis ub-
rwyinvalesi Zeglebic, magram qalaqi mainc ar aris, sxva ramea.
piaca romaze, avtobusis bolo gaCerebaze, amas ver igrZnob. es moedani Cveulebrivi qa-
laquri yofiT cxovrobs: iyideba suvenirebi, bukletebi, veneciis sxvadasxva zomis fotoebi,
nayini da aTasnairi gamagrilebeli sasmelebi, romlebsac uamravi turisti misevia, magram,
sakmarisia, arxze gadebuli patara bogiri gadaiaro da viwro, mixveul-moxveul SukebSi
moxvde, rom umal SeniSnav maRaziis vitrinebSi gamofenil TeTr niRbebs, romlebic mic-
valebulTa RimilSeyinul saxeebs hgvanan da mogeCveneba, rom maTi Tvalebis Wrilebidan vi-
Rac gviyurebs, viRac daJinebiT giTvalTvalebs da Sens yovel nabijs Cumad amowmebs.
veneciaSi gebulob, rom sikvdils Smoris suni hqonia. swored es suni udis erTi SexedviT
mitovebul, danestianebul saxlebs, Tanamedrove restornebsa da sastumroebs. am suniT aris
aqoTebuli misi quCebi, moednebi da dampali wyliT savse arxebi.
venecia qalaqi ar aris, is momakvdavi dinozavria, romelsac odnavRa ucems guli da misi
gamompali filtvebidan susti stvena da xixini ismis.
venecia preistoriuli, momakvdavi dionzavria da gvamuri laqebiT dafarul mis sxeulze
gamudmebiT daRoRaven msoRlios yvela kuTxidan Camosuli turistebi. isini ise Sesevian qa-
laqs, rogorc matlebi upatronod dagdebul cxedars. maTi uzRvavi nakadi mxolod erTi mi-
marTulebiT miedineba, yoveli saxlis kedels mxolod es sami sityva aweria _ `PIAZZA SAN
MARCO~, qveS ki lurji isari aqvs mixatuli.
san-markos moedanze rom movxvedriliyaviT, ra Tqma unda, Cvenc am brbos unda gavyolo-
diT, magram veronas Semdeg ise viyaviT amaTze aRrenilebi, rom Tvalis dasanaxavad aRar gvin-
doda, amitom san-rokos taZarTan mTavari gzidan gadavuxvieT da arc gvinania, sul male erT
Zalian saintereso dawesebulebas mivadeqiT. es iyo Ènoteca la Cantina~ anu Rvinis maRazia.
Sig Sesulebs erTi sandomiani saxis qalbatoni Semogvegeba, magram Taroebze Camomwkri-
vebul Rvinis boTlebs iseTi fasebi ewera, kacs Tma yalyze daudgeboda da is iyo, ukan gamos-
vla davapireT, rom, uecrad, kedelTan Carigebuli kasrebi davinaxeT, romlebSic sxvadasxva-
nairi Rvinoebi esxa. kotem diasaxliss raRaca uTxra, manac yvela kasridan TiTo Wiqa gagvasinja
da roca Cven franguli `kaberne~ da TeTri `pino~ SevuqeT, iseTi taSiscema da `bravos~ Zaxili
atexa, rom ar gveyida, unamusoba iqneboda.
diasaxlisma saidanRac plastmasis ori boTli gamoitana, erTSi `pino~ Cagvisxa, meoreSi _
`kaberne~ da keTili RimiliT dagvemSvidoba. sam litrSi daaxloebiT TxuTmeti evro gada-
vixadeT, magram ar gvinania, radgan marTlac rom mSvenieri Rvinoebi gamodga.
san-paolos quCa Rvinis wrupva-wrupviT gaviareT da is iyo san-jiovanize unda gadagvex-
via, rom, uecrad, erTi viwro Sukidan, Semwvari Tevzis madisaRmZvreli suni gamoCqrolda. ra
Tqma unda, saswrafod iqiT gadavuxvieT.
es iyo patara taverna, sadac mxolod Semwvari Tevzi da italiuri Camosasxmeli Rvino _
`bardolino~ iyideboda. oRond eg iyo, rom puri ar hqondaT da iZulebulni gavxdiT, carie-
li Tevzi gveWama.
Cveni `kaberne~ da `pino~ rom gagviTavda, axla `bardolinoze~ gadavediT. kote jandierma
marTlac rom jandierulad moirTxa fexi, gaijejila da gaijandiera _ adgomas aRar apirebda.
vin aRar adRegrZela. gaixsena Cveni udrood daRupuli megobari Tamaz baZaRuac. Tamazs
arCevani
petrarkadan eujenio montalemde8 TiTqmis yvela italieli poetis leqsebi hqonda Targmnili
da amitom aqauroba Zalian uyvarda. erTxel, Turme, kotes uTxra _ veneciaSi rom viyavi, san-
markos moedanze yavas vsvamdi da vnatrobdi, netavi yvela Cems megobars es qalaqi aCvenao...
V Tavi
tavernadan gamovediT, san-jiovanis quCidan rialtos xidTan avuxvieT da Sig Sua bazarSi
movxvdiT, sadac gacxovelebuli vaWroba iyo gaCaRebuli. iyideboda Tevzi, xorci, xili da
8
franCesko petrarka (1304_1374) _ italieli poeti. eujenio montale (1896_1981) _ italieli poeti,
prozaikosi da kritikosi, nobelis premiis laureati.
303
bostneuli. aqve gaemarTaT fardulebi, sadac tanisamosiTa da sxvadasxva suvenirebiT
vaWrobdnen. erT fardulTan milanis fexburTelebis forma SevniSneT, yvelaze gamosaCen
adgilze andrei SevCenkos maisuri ekida. guja mivida da gamyidvels oTxi TiTi daanaxva.
`kaxi kalaZe!~ _ iyvira man da mere gujas gadaekida, aRara maqvs, weRan gamiTavda, magram
xval diliT naRdad meqneba da ginda Tu ara, gamomiareo.
gamogivlio, _ daaimeda gujam.
rialtos xidi gadaviareT da ori aprilis quCiT san-markos moednisken gaveSureT.
es moedani rom aRwero, sul cota sulxan-saba orbeliani mainc unda iyo, amitom davdum-
debi da xmas ar amoviReb. marto erTs vityvi: doJebis sasaxlis fasadi isea moxatuli da oq-
roTi movarayebuli, TiTqos misi amSenebeli aTasi juris yaCaRsa da mekobres gamomwvevad
eubnebodes _ biWi xar da modi, biWi var da dagxvdebio!
wminda markozis TvalSeuwvdenel samreklosTan videqiT da iqaurobas damunjebulebi vaT-
valierebdiT. uzarmazar moedanze sul cota aTiaTasi turisti da aTjer meti mtredi ireoda.
yoCaR italielebs aqac sarfiani saqme gamoeZebnaT _ celofanis patara parkebiT sakenks
yididnen, romelsac turistebi gawuwkebul mtredebs pirdapir xelisgulidan aWmevdnen,
TiTqos isini aqaurobis sanaxvad ki ara, am mtredebis gamosakvebad Camosuliyvnen.
amden STabeWdilebas veRar gavuZeliT, Canal Grande-ze gamovediT, bileTebi SeviZineT da
wylis tramvaiSi CavsxediT. aqedan xelisguliviT moCanda gaRma kunZulze aRmarTuli san-
jorjos, anu wminda giorgis taZari.
visac veneciis did arxze umgzavria, arasodes daaviwydeba mis napirebze wamoWimuli sra-
sasaxleebi, amaTeburad palacoebi, romelTa Soris gamoirCevian: palaco reZoniko, palaco
balbi, palaco da mosto, sadac 1432 wels cnobili italieli zRvaosani alvizo da mosto
dabadebula da gansakuTrebiT _ marmarilos svetebiTa da TaRebiT damSvenebuli saocari kaza
d’oro, romelsac veneciuri goTikis margalits uwodeben.
1714 wels, romSi Casuli sulxan-saba aRfrTovanebuli werda: èrTi sasaxle iyo, marTals
getyvi, garedan misi msgavsi sasaxle ar minaxavs. svetebi mTeli. zogi sami adli, zogi naklebi.
erTi mgeli porfiris qvisa, gaTlili, ors ymawvils ZuZus awoebda. romis qalaqi imaT auSene-
biaT. rac sanaxavebi vnaxeviT, viT aRiwereba, magram me rasac SeviZleb, Cems naxuls marTals
davwer. daijereT, rom aseTia~.
sulxan-saba orbelianis `mogzauroba evropaSi~ tragikuli da gulubryvilo wignia, ro-
melic evropuli fufunebiT moxiblul Rataki qveynis elCs dauweria. sityvam moitana da barem
erT ambavsac gavixseneb: rodesac sulxan-saba versalSi safrangeTis mefes warudgines, lui
XIV axali naavadmyofari iyo da Tavs sustad grZnobda.
sabam gamojanmrTeleba miuloca.
_ avadmyofobas ki xelidan davuZveri, magram siberes versad gaveqecio, _ miugo mefem da
daumata, _ kaci rom samocs gadaabijebs, misi saqme wasuliao. _ arada, im dros ukve samoc-
daaTsac gadascdenoda.
_ batono, Tqveni udidebulesoba am asaks ise moxdenilad atarebs, rom yvela isurvebda am
xnisa yofiliyo! _ upasuxa sulxan-sabam.
sabas pasuxi lui X I V Zalze moswonebia da miuxedavad imisa, rom maSin arc televizori iyo
da arc interneti, es gamonaTqvami evropaSi sakmaod swrafad gavrcelebula. batoniSvili olRa
igonebs, rom is ruseTis imperatoris, aleqsandre I I-is karzec scodniaT.
arCevani
TviTon sulxan saba Tavis wignSi araerTxel imeorebs _ `beri kaci viyav da sneulio~. ami-
tom, yovelTvis megona, rom evropaSi mogzaurobis dros igi ukve Rrma moxucebuli iyo, si-
namdvileSi ki mxolod 55 wlisa yofila!
romis moedanTan axlos, `papandopulos skverSi~, sadac uamravi turisti isvenebda, me da
V Tavi
gujam erTi myudro, balaxiani Cero movZebneT da dasaZineblad movewyveT, kote ki qalaqSi
saxetialod wavida.
mze kargad iyo gadasuli, roca gagveRviZa. erTxans visxediT da kotes mosvlas velode-
304 bodiT, magram raki ar gamoCnda, avdeqiT da mis mosaZebnad wavediT. male mivageniT, piceriis
win ijda da gemrielad ilukmeboda. TiTo naWeri pica Cvenc gavsinjeT, mere san-rokos ta-
ZarTan quCis momRerals movusmineT, romelic gitaris TanxlebiT neapolitanur simRerebs
mReroda da kargad rom mosaRamovda, mestreSi maSinRa gavemgzavreT.
gviani iyo, magram raki sastumros xarjebs veRar SevwvdebodiT, manqanaSi CavbargdiT da
imis imediT, rom gzaze, sadme, kempings SevxvdebodiT, qalaq triestesken gavutieT, sadac
berZnuli borani gvelodeboda.
140 kilometri rom gaviareT, Cvenda gasaxarad, kempingi gamoCnda. aqedan triestamde sul
raRac 20 kilometriRa iyo darCenili, borani ki navsadguridan meore dRis 12 saaTze gadioda.
kempingi maRali galavniT SemoRobili mSvenieri baRi aRmoCnda, romelic patar-patara
sakarve nakveTebad iyo dayofili. misma mepatronem, Suaxnis italielma kacma, erTi aseTi nak-
veTi gamogviyo da Cvenc, maSinve, miunxenSi nayidi Cveni axali karvis gaSlas SevudeqiT.
es `karvis gaSla~ swored rom didi siamovneba gamodga, Sedegma xom erTi asad gvasiamovna
_ iseTi koxta da warmtaci ram iyo, Tvals veRar vaSorebdiT.
70-ian wlebSi aseTi karavi CvenSi saerTod ar arsebobda. iyo `pamirka~, romelic maSin did
fufunebad migvaCnda da isic yvelas rodi hqonda. Cemma megobarma nugzar qajaiam (acxonos
misi suli RmerTma) es `pamirka~, erTxel, didi nacnobobiT iSovna da imis eSxiT mTaSi wasvla
gadavwyviteT. gzaSi gagviWirda. jer iyo da puri gagviTavda, carieli `sguSonkisa~ da
`tuSonkis~ Wamisagan gulebiRa gadagvelia. mere, Zalian daviRaleT, gansakuTrebiT me.
gudamayris xeobidan saorbes uReltexilze rom gadavediT da qvemoT daveSviT, erTgan,
cxvris nabinavarze, uamrav qama sokos mivageni da davuwye krefa _ iqneb cota guli gvapovni-
nos-meTqi. nugzari miSlida _ Tavi gaanebe, emand ar moiwamlo da Cemi zurgiT saTrevi ar gax-
deo, magram ar daviSale da blomad avkrife. kargad iyo dabindebuli, roca erT tyispirSi
CamovediT, Cveni `pamirka~ Relis pirze gavSaleT da davbanakdiT. me am sokoebis Sewvas va-
pireb, amitom fiCxis asagroveblad wavedi, nugzari ki ratomRac banakSi darCa.
male tyidan blomad fiCxi gamovitane, cecxli davanTe da soko movikiTxe, magram sadRa
raRaa _ auRia am Cems Zmakacs da sul wylisTvis ar gautanebia?!
gavgiJdi, gadavirie, raRa ar vuTxari, ra sityvebi aRar veZaxe. is ki zis da Cumad iRimeba,
vaxSams amzadebs _ `tuSonkas~ acxelebs, `sguSonkis~ qilas xsnis.
gabrazebulma uvaxSmod daviZine.
SuaRamisas gameRviZa. nugzari karavSi ar aris. gamiskda guli _ rogorc Cans, ise magrad
vawyenine, rom wavida-meTqi. vinane, vaiTu, sadme gadaiCexos, vaiTu, nadirs rasmes gadaeyaros, am
uRran-ukuneTSi yvelaferi mosalodnelia-meTqi. karvis kalTa gadavwie da gareT gavixede.
CabJutul koconTan zis, win zurgCanTebi ulagia da raRacas CaliCobs. davakvirdi. vxedav: Cemi
zurgCanTidan mZime sagnebs TavisaSi alagebs, CemsaSi ki Tavisidan msubuqebs awyobs.
piruCumrad davweqi, magram, cxadia, rom dilamde aRar damZinebia.
swored im diliT vnaxe bunebis erTi saocari movlena, romelic arasodes damaviwydeba:
oqtomberi idga. RamiT pirveli susxi gaagdo da mTeli midamo TrTviliT Seimosa. karavi Rrma
xevSi gvqonda gaSlili da amitom mze karga xans ar gamoCenila. cecxlTan visxediT, ugemurad
viloRnebodiT da gavcqerodiT gaRma ferdobze Sefenil nekerCxlis tyes, romelsac foToli
sul wiTlad uRvioda. nugzarma miTxra _ im nekerCxlebs uyure da naxav, mze rom miadgeba, ra
mouvaTo! marTlac, sul cota xanSi, mze wamomaRlda da gaRma ferdobi gaanaTa. vzivar da
velodebi, mainteresebs, ra moxdeba. ar gasula didi xani, rom uecrad, nekerCxlis tyem erTi
arCevani
raRacnairad daiSriala da TiTqos lamazma qalma wiTeli kaba gaiZroo, mTeli is foToli sul
miwaze daefina.
es iseTi STambeWdavi sanaxaoba iyo, rom gaocebisagan yvirili movrTe. nugzari kmayofili
V Tavi
saxiT Semomcqeroda. mere amixsna: wuxel im foTlebs yinvam yunwebi dauzro, mzem ki gaulRvo
da erTbaSad imitom gascvivdao.
kempingSi videqiT da Cveni axali karvis silamaziT vtkbebodiT. mere leibebi gavbereT,
magram aRmoCnda, rom karavSi oris meti ar eteoda. sxva gza ar iyo, erT-erTs manqanaSi unda
305
dagveZina. me winadadeba wamovayene, rom kenWi gveyara, magram kotem daiJina, manqanaSi mirCev-
niao. iseTi daRlili viyavi, kamaTis ki ara, Wamis Tavic aRar mqonda, amitom karavSi SevZveri
da daviZine.
diliT SaSvis WaxWaxma gamaRviZa. avdeqi, pirsaxoci aviRe da onkanis mosaZebnad gaveSure.
male kafeliT gawyobil, gawkrialebul saSxapes mivageni, cxeli wyali gadavivle da ukan Cqari
nabijiT wamovedi, rom es ambavi jandierisTvis mexarebina.
kempingis patrons 30 evro gadavuxadeT, manqanaSi CavbargdiT da wamovediT. naxevar sa-
aTSi ukve triestSi viyaviT.
triesti ulamazesi qalaqia. momxibvlelia misi Semogareni _ TeTri kldeebi, lurji zRva
da mwvane gormaxebi. winaT mas terjeste rqmevia da xan romaelebisa yofila, xan frangebisa da
xanac avstrielebisa.
manqana zRvis sanapiroze gavaCereT da Piazza Unita D’ Italia-ze gavediT. aq, Ria kafeSi, Sav
fraksa da TeTr xelTaTmanebSi gamowyobil oficiants sami `kapuCino~ da sami Wiqa Cveuleb-
rivi wyali SevukveTeT, raSic man 18 evro gadagvaxdevina. im frakisa da xelTaTmanebis danaxva-
ze, Tavidanve migrZno gulma, rom raRac xifaTs unda gadavyrodiT, magram kotem Tu erTi
aixira, mere xom veRar gadaaTqmevineb! darwmunebuli var, swored im oficiantis frakma da
TeTrma xelTaTmanebma mostaca Tvali, swored misma Cacmulobam acduna.
dilis aTi saaTi sruldeboda, qalaqis daTvalierebas veRar vaswrebdiT da amitom navsad-
gurisken gavwieT. sabuTebis gaformebam da rigSi dgomam TiTqmis ori saaTi wagvarTva, magram
bolos, rogorc iqna, gujas BMW boranis uSvelebel stomaqSi davabinaveT, sadac sxva uamravi
manqanac idga, maT Soris, trailerebic, eskalatoriT zemoT avediT da pirdapir bars mivaSu-
reT.
winaswar vicodiT, rom saberZneTis qalaq petramde TiTqmis 40 saaTi unda gvecura da fiq-
ri daviwyeT, es amdeni dro riTi mogvekla. jer gadavwyviteT jandierisTvis pokeri gveswav-
lebina, radgan me da gujam zedmiwevniT kargad vicodiT, am TamaSSi dro rogor swrafad gadi-
oda, magram kotem imedi gagvicrua _ cxovrebaSi karti ar miTamaSia da arc viTamaSeb, magas
sjobia, davlioTo! gagixaria, kargi iqneboda, vin ar icis, rom dro qeifSiac swrafad garbis,
magram Cven rom exla aq Rvinis sma da mwvadis Wama dagvewyo, gujas manqanis gayidva mogviwevda.
gemze yvelaferi ramdenjerme ufro Zviri iyo, vidre xmeleTze _ marto erTi kaTxa ludi rva
evro Rirda.
dro Tavzesayreli gvqonda, magram ar vicodiT, raSi gamogveyenebina. wera-kiTxva gamo-
ricxuli iyo, radgan motori xmamaRla TuxTuxebda, gemi iryeoda da mesame klasis salonSi,
romlis bileTebic Cven gvqonda, autaneli sicxe idga. mokled, aseT eqstremalur pirobebs
`pen-maraTonis~ momwyobebi _ Tamar lebaniZe da jarji aqimiZec ki ver inatrebdnen.
ra unda gveqna, aviReT sami kaTxa ludi da daviwyeT wrupva, magram rodemde gveyofoda!
mezobel magidasTan oTxi berZeni nards TamaSobda. kamaTels ise azartulad agorebdnen
da koWebsac ise aWaxunebdnen, vifiqre, fulze TamaSoben-meTqi, magram male davrwmundi, rom
amaT, arc erTs jibeSi naRdi fuli ar edo. is partia rom daamTavres, oficiants dauZaxes da
wagebulma mas langarze Tavisi `Master Card~ daugdo, romelic patara tanis melotma, ul-
vaSSeRebilma oficiantma daxlTan miacuxcuxa, salaros WrilSi CauSva, erTi gaatar-gamoatara,
mere barmens oTxi Wiqa yinuliani viski daasxmevina da moTamaSeebs moutana.
gujas gadavxede. saRerRelaSlili ijda da berZnebs ise uyurebda, rogorc nabulze dam-
dgari meZebari xoxobs. amisTana monarde gemze ki ara, mTel saberZneTSic ar meguleboda. xelze
arCevani
Sevexe. Semomxeda da roca wamqezeblurad gavuRime, ise amoioxra, kinaRam gulic Tan amoayola.
kote ganze gavixme, CurCuli gavubi da bolos, rogorc iqna, daviTanxme, rom berZnebTan
misuliyo da gujasTan TamaSi SeeTavazebina, magram Cemgan gabriyvebuli sawyali jandieri mo-
V Tavi
nardeebma pasuxis Rirsadac ar CaTvales, ise amayad da ampartavnulad axed-daxedes, TiTqos

erTi Cveulebrivi berZnebi ki ara, olimpos RmerTebi yofiliyvnen.
kote kudamoZuebuli movida, ukmayofilo saxiT Semomxeda, dajda da ludi mowrupa. me
daxlTan mivedi da barmens xeliT vaniSne, nardi-meTqi, magram man Tavi berZnebisken gadaiqnia
306
da raRac miTxra, albaT _ eg ari, magis meti ara gvaqvso.
mtris jinaze sami kaTxa ludi kidev davasxmevine da Cvens magidasTan mivitane.
monardeebi TamaSs agrZelebdnen da Tan Zalian kmayofili saxiT gviyurebdnen, aSkarad
tkbebodnen, rom gemze erTaderTi nardi iyo da isic TviTon CaegdoT xelSi.
qarTveli amas rogor izamda _ TamaSi gnebavs? mobrZandi, Cemo batono, ager dabrZandi da
gaagore! mTeli Cveni dRe da moswreba ucxosa da gadamTiels sul ase ar velaqucebiT? am Tvi-
sebam bevri dagvaklo da bevr xaTabalasac gadagvkida, magram Cvensas mainc ar viSliT _ as-
kacian sufraze erTi rusi rom gverios, viciT Tu ar viciT, asive rusulad vlaparakobT.
erTxel daviT weredianma9 miTxra: vazi xo ici, ranairia, Tu ar Sesare, miwaze gaifarTxeba,
iqaurobas sarevelasaviT moedeba da gavelurdeba, magram, sakmarisia, Wigo Seuyeno, rom
maSinve zed Semoexveva, pews daidebs da sul muWissimsxo mtevans daisxams. qarTvelebic im vazs
vgavarT _ sxvis dauxmareblad cxovreba ver warmogvidgeniao.
salonikSi davrwmundi, rom siamaye da ampartavnoba zogadberZnuli Tviseba yofila. ai,
modis quCaSi berZnis kaci, ukan faSfaSa coli mosdevs da ganuwyvetliv elaqlaqeba. is ki qalis
laparaks yurs ar ugdebs, cxovrebis amaoebisagan gabezrebuli adamianis ieriT moabijebs da
iseTi saxe aqvs, TiTqos mTeli elinuri kultura misi Seqmnili iyos.
ludma gvarianad mogvaSia, sasadiloSi avediT da raRac ugemuri saWmeli vWameT, mere Cvens
mesame klass mivaSureT, savarZlebSi CavsxediT da CavTvlimeT _ dro xom, yvelaze kargad,
mainc ZilSi gadis.
SuaRamisas gameRviZa. gareT bneloda. salonidan gamovedi da gembans mivaSure. agrilebu-
liyo. skami aviRe, moajirTan mivitane da Camovjeqi. Sors sinaTleebi cimcimebda. ar vici, sad
viyaviT, romeli qveynis sanapiros mivuyvebodiT, iqneb bosnia iyo, an makedonia anda, sulac,
albaneTi... es gaurkvevloba nervebs miSlida, mosvenebas mikargavda. vcdilobdi sxva rameze
mefiqra, Tundac isev im vazze da Wigoze, magram ver vaxerxebdi. Tavi cixeSi megona. suli
mexuTeboda.
sibneleSi viRac momiaxlovda da mxarze xeli damado. guja iyo.
_ ras Svrebi, zixar?
_ xo. kotes sZinavs?
_ sZinavs.
_ romeli saaTia?
_ xuTis naxevari.
meti araferi, magram amanac sakvirveli Sveba momgvara.
erTxel, erTma nacnobma fsiqologma SemomCivla, ra vqna, iZulebuli var, londonSi vic-
xovro, iq, qarTvelebisagan gansxvavebiT, TiTqmis yvela ojaxs sakuTari fsiqologi hyavs da
Cems profesias meti gasavali eqnebao.
am xelobis kaci qarTvels marTlac ar sWirdeba, radgan mis magivrobas megobaric mSveniv-
rad uwevs.
diliT yvelaferi sxvanairi iyo. borani iRumenicas navsadgurSi Sevida da TiTqmis mTli-
anad daicala.
Cven gza ganvagrZeT, SeRamebulze petraSi mivediT, iq ukve meore borniT patara daba ka-
mareSi gadavediT, mere manqanaSi CavsxediT da gamovutieT...
gzaSi Tvalebs vacecebdiT _ rogorc yovelTvis, axlac kempings veZebdiT. bolos, mivage-
arCevani
niT, gzidan gadavuxvieT da WiSkars mivadeqiT. bevri viZaxeT, bevri vivaglaxeT, magram raki
aravin gamogvepasuxa, alayafis moxuruli kari gavaReT, manqana SeviyvaneT, erTi carieli
adgili movZebneT da karavi gavSaleT.
V Tavi
diliT, Cveulebisamebr adre gagveRviZa da radgan kaci-patroni arsad Canda, saCqarod

wasasvlelad movemzadeT, magram kotem aixir-aijandiera _ ginda Tu ara, Sxapi unda miviRoo!
raRas vizamdiT, CavsxediT manqanaSi da davuwyeT lodini.
9
daviT werediani _ Tanamedrove qarTveli mwerali da mTargmneli.
307
davinaxeT, rom ezos WiSkarSi viRac berZeni Semovida, albaT, kempingis patroni, jer So-
ridan SegvaTvaliera, mere axlos movida, manqanis sarkmelSi Semoixeda da raRaca gviTxra.
veraferi gavigeT, magram zrdilobisTvis Tavebi mainc RimiliT davukantureT. is wavida,
gagvecala, miiar-moiara, mere ukan mobrunda, Soriaxlo dadga da dagviwyo TvalTvali.
Cven gasusulebi vsxedvarT da gulis kankaliT vnatrobT, netavi kotem simRera ar wamo-
iwyos, Torem es kaci maSinve mixvdeba, wuxel aq rom gavaTieT da sul cota oc evros mainc
agvafcqvniso.
amis gafiqreba da kotes simRera erTi iyo.
berZenma yurebi cqvita.
imis nacvlad, rom gavbrazebuliyaviT, me da gujas iseTi xarxari agvityda, Cveni berZeni
SiSisagan Sexta da kinaRam mokurcxla.
gujam jibidan safule amoiRo, manqanidan gadavida da kempingis patrons oci evro CauT-
vala.
_ sad ariis, sxvagan axali varazii! _ mReroda kote.
ara, Zmao, es simRera naRdad oc evroze meti Rirda!
vCqarobdiT, ratomRac Zalian vCqarobdiT. iqneb imitom, rom samSoblo mogvenatra, an
iqneb imitom, rom fuli gviTavdeboda. TiTqmis mTeli saberZneTi Seusveneblad gamoviareT,
cota xniT mxolod salonikSi SevCerdiT da male iqidanac giJebiviT gamovcvivdiT. Cven ra
gviWirda, guja gvecodeboda, radgan arc me da arc kotem manqanis tareba ar vicodiT da im-
xela gzaze saWesTan sul is ijda.
saRamos pirze qalaq aleqsandrepols mivataneT, saidanac TurqeTis sazRvramde 30 kilo-
metric aRar rCeboda.
gzaze glexebs aTasnairi xili gamoetanaT _ CurCxelebi da dedas purebiRa akldaT, Torem
Tavi kaxeTSi gvegoneboda. erTgan manqana gavaCereT da viyideT kargi atami, sazamTro da
vaSlatama, romelsac berZnebica da Turqebic `neqtarins~ eZaxian. marTlac neqtariviT iyo,
iseTi gemrieli gamodga, kurkebis gadayra gvenaneboda.
karavi daveciT kemping `santa rozaSi~, romelsac bevr sikeTesTan erTad sakuTari plaJic
hqonda. jer adre iyo da amitom gadavwyviteT aleqsandrepoli mainc gvenaxa. is patara, sa-
kurorto qalaqi aRmoCnda, sadac uamrav damsvenebels moeyara Tavi _ gareT, quCaSi gamota-
nili magidebs Semosxdomodnen da yavasa da sxvadasxva sasmels Seeqceodnen. imaT maraqaSi Cvenc
gaverieT da TiTo didi Wiqa forToxlis wveni davlieT, romelic berZnis biWma, raRac kus-
taruli mowyobilobiT, pirdapir Cvens Tvalwin gamowura.
davdiodiT am kopwia qalaqis quCebSi da gvagondeboda guriisa da aWaris mouwyobeli, da-
nagvianebuli sanapiro, qobuleTis gaZarcvuli, gapartaxebuli dasasvenebeli saxlebi, dan-
greuli gzebi...
sursaTis erT patara maRaziaSi kotem tekila moikiTxa. maRaziis gamyidvelma gogom, ro-
melsac Rrmad amoWrili gulispiridan mosviringebuli mkerdi mouCanda, Cvens kotes Tvali
daadga _ an moewona, anda Zalian mdidar adamianad miiCnia. erTi sityviT, Tan gadahyva, tekilas
boTli da limonebi sul saTiTaod Seuxvia, parkSi Caulaga da qaRaldis erTjeradi WiqiT
marilic ki gamoatana.
karvis win vivaxSmeT, ukanasknel lorsa da yvels bolo movuReT, zed sazamTro davayo-
arCevani
leT da daviZineT. diliT adre viyaviT asadgomebi, TurqeTis sazRvramde bevri aRaraferi
dagvrCenoda.
erTxel, am ocdaaTi wlis winaT, me da guram doCanaSvili Cvenma baTumelma megobrebma
V Tavi
sarfSi wagviyvanes. maSin iq moxvedra dRevandeliviT advili rodi iyo, rusi mesazRvreebi,
sagangebo saSvis gareSe, sarfSi ki ara, gonioSi aravis aWaWanebdnen. Cven gavleniani megobre-
bis wyalobiT yvela `zastava~ daubrkoleblad gaviareT da sazRvarze mivediT, sadac èq-
skursiamZRolad~ erTi rusis maiori dagviniSnes. man mavTulxlarTebTan migviyvana da ag-
308
vixsna, rom amis iqiT ukve TurqeTis teritoria iwyeboda.
vuyurebdiT gaRma ferdobze Sefenil
saxlebs, romlebic gamoRma saxlebisgan ara-
friT gansxvavdeboda, ufro metic, rogorc
Cvenma maiorma gviTxra, Turme, iqiTac da aqe-
Tac erTi gvaris xalxi cxovrobda, erTmane-
Tis naTesavebi da mokeTeebi. Turme, aqeT rom
qorwili imarTeboda, iqiTurebic zeimob-
dnen, xolo roca iqiT vinme mokvdeboda, aqe-
Turebic glovobdnen _ qalebi Savebs icvam-
dnen, tirodnen da loyebs ixokavdnen.
_ aqaur kacs rom iqaurTan stumrad mis-
vla moundes, ra unda qnaso? _ hkiTxa guramma
Cvens maiors.
_ ra da jer TbilisSi unda Cavides, mere
moskovSi, sadac Sesabamis sabuTebs gaufor-
meben, iqidan stambolSi unda gadafrindes
da bolos, sarfSi Camovideso.
_ ese igi, Camova, gamoixedavs da Tavis
saxls dainaxavso? _ hkiTxa doCanaSvilma.
_ tak toCnao! _ ise upasuxa maiorma, rom
arc ki gaRimebia.
diliT, Cveulebisamebr, adre avdeqiT, karavi avSaleT, CavbargdiT da daviZariT.
pirvelive adamiani, vinc TurqeTis teritoriaze Segvxvda, qarTveli aRmoCnda.
sazRvarTan manqanebis rigi gamarTuliyo, iq baJi unda gadagvexada, magram Turquli li-
rebi ar gvqonda da guja fulis gadasaxurdaveblad gadavida. davinaxe, rogor mivida igi erTi
traileris SoferTan, raRac hkiTxa, mere xeli CamoarTva, fuli misca da isic sadRac gaiqca.
manqanis sarkmelidan Tavi gadavyavi:
_ vin ari, guja!
_ qarTvelia.
_ Tbiliseli?
_ ara, kaco, aqauri!
me da kote manqanidan CavediT da traileris mZRols davelodeT. is sirbiliT movida da
gujas lirebi moutana.
_ qarTveli xar? _ vkiTxe me.
_ ho, gurji. Sena?
_ meca.
xeli gamogviwoda da jer me CamovarTvi, mere kotem.
_ ra gvari xar.
_ ogani. ali mqvia.
_ qarTuli gvari ar gaxsovs?
_ ara... _ daircxvina, _ nenem icoda da mokvda.
arCevani
_ sadauri xar.
_ bursa gagigia?
_ rogor ara!
V Tavi
_ ho da, iqauri var _ mTebSia Cveni sofeli.

_ Zalian gagvixarda Seni naxva.
_ mec gamixarda, Tqven danaxvaze ca gamexsna.
erTmaneTs didi xnis unaxavi naTesavebiviT davemSvidobeT da wamovediT. manqanaSi Cumad
309
visxediT _ yelSi xorkliani burTebi gagvCroda da xmas ver viRebdiT.
TurqeTis pirvelive sofelSi vnaxe is, rasac mTels evropaSi amaod veZebdi. es iyo funa _
yvela saxlis win mSobliuri nexvis uzarmazari gorebi idga!
_ nexvi, nexvi! _ vyvirodi me.
mixaroda, rom samSoblos vuaxlovdebodiT.
gujas mobilurs raRac mouvida da mesame dRe iyo, rac Sin aRar dagvereka, amitom erT
fundukSi gadavuxvieT. iq maSinve viRac Savi kaci Semogvegeba.
_ telefon? _ vuTxari me.
_ telefoni iox. Cai!
_ ukan Seisxi eg Seni Cai, telefon!
_ telefon iox... _ moiwyina Turqma.
Cai ki mainc davlieT _ patara, welSi gamoyvanili WiqebiT mogvarTves da ise gvesiamovna,
sam-sami Wiqa geaxeliT.
amazea naTqvami: àr mindam sami jami motorao~.
daaxloebiT 200 kilometri rom gaviareT, gamoCnda qalaqi, romelsac Turqebi istambuls
eZaxian, berZnebi _ konstantinepols, xolo qarTvels Tu SeekiTxebi, rogora xaro, gipasuxebs
_ stambolis kaJiviT, amitom, modiT, Cvenc stamboli davuZaxoT.
marmarilos zRvis sanapiroze da bosforis srutis orTav napirze gaSenebuli es Tormet-
milioniani megapolisi iseTi sufTa da gawkrialebuli qalaqi aRmoCnda, av Tvals ar enax-
veboda.
gveSinoda, rom rogorc yvela did qalaqSi, manqanis dayeneba aqac Zalian gagviWirdeboda,
magram gujam sadRac Seuxvia, saidanRac gamouxvia da erT sadReRamiso avtosadgoms miadga.
manqana saimedod davabinaveT da qalaqis dasaTvaliereblad wavediT.
stambolis quCaSi qarTvels iseve scnoben, rogorc moskovSi an peterburgSi.
_ ai, gurji, gial buria!
_ biCo, modi, puri CamoT!
gvesmoda yoveli mxridan.
aTaTurqis bulvarze, erT bankSi, Cveni fulis narCenebi Turqul lirebze gadavaxurda-
veT da quCaSi rom gamovediT, ukve milionerebi viyaviT. raRa Cveni kuponebi da raRa amaTi
lirebi!
quCis kuTxeSi videqiT da fulebs viTvlidiT, roca aRtacebuli SeZaxili Semogvesma:
_ oi, naSi! _ Soriaxlodan ori rusis qali mogvCereboda.
_ gruzini, vi otkuda!
_ iz gruzii.
_ vsmisle, iz kakogo goroda...
_ iz tbilisi.
_ a vi na maSine?
_ da.
_ a moJno, mi s vami poedim?
_ k saJaleniu, niet.
_ a poCemu?
_ a potomu.
_ is moZaladeebi rom moviSoreT, axla viRac Turqi gvetaka:
arCevani
_ giurji, biCo, modi, puri CamoT!

am cdunebas ki veRar gavuZeliT da mopatiJes ukan gavyeviT. man erT duqanSi Segviyvana,
sadac Tormet dolarad ise davnayrdiT, mTeli dRe aRar mogvSivnia.
V Tavi
veneciaSi Casuli yvela turisti Tu san markos moednisken miemarTeba, stambolSi maT aiaso-
fiasken uWiravT gezi da amitom Cvenc iqiT gaveSureT...
evropidan TurqeTSi Casul sulxan-sabas stamboli ar moswonebia: `gamovediT xomaldi-
dam. konstantinepolis sami kuTxe SemouareT. iqidam karga gavsinje. xomaldidamaca. didi
310
qarlaqia da mravali Senoba, magram safangeTidam mosuls aRaras mogvewona. oRond adgili
misTana arsad aris, Tvara Senoba da sxva rame arad gveCvena~. mere ki aRniSnavs: `konstan-
tinepolis simgrgvle aris eqvsi eji, romel ars Tvrameti mili~-o. XV I I I saukunis msoflioSi
amxela qalaqi bevri rodi iyo.
aia-sofiasTan axlos jandierma Turquli `feska~ _ Savfunjiani wiTeli qudi SeiZina, da-
ixura da qobuleTamde aRarc mouxdia. stambolis quCebSi xalxi mas mowiwebiT uTmobda gzas,
radgan im qudisa da saTvalis wyalobiT, Cveni kote, Suasaukuneebis musliman swavlulsa Tu
brZen varskvlavTmricxvels daemsgavsa.
lamazi SadrevnebiTa da yvavilnariT damSvenebul baRSi visxediT da aia-sofias gavcqe-
rodiT. mze saSuadReoze wamosuliyo, cxeloda, magram Turqis qalebs, axalgazrdebsac da
xnierebsac, koWebamde CafarTxunebuli, nacrisferi kabebi ecvaT, saxe ki imave feris xi-
labandebiT aexviaT, magram male davrwmundiT, rom es tradiciuli tansacmeli yvelasTvis
savaldebulo rodi iyo _ stamboleli lamazmanebis umetesoba evropulad gamowyobili da-
dioda da Tbiliseli gogoebiviT Wipebi imaTac uCandaT.
aia-sofia daketili dagvxvda da gadavwyviteT sulTan ahmedis meCeTSi mainc Sevsuliya-
viT. msaxurebma fexsacmeli karebSi dagvatovebines, Sortebze grZeli, mwvane feris feStam-
lebi Semogvaxvies da meCeTSi ise SegviSves. SigniT griloda, iataki Zvirfasi xaliCebiT iyo
mofenili da zed uamravi ucxoeli turisti wamogorebuliyo. SegSurdeboda, zogi ise tkbi-
lad xvrinavda.
meCeTis erT kuTxeSi movirTxiT fexi da mozaikiT moxatuli kedlebisa da Weris Tvalie-
rebas SevudeqiT.
moSorebiT mama-Svili namazs10 asrulebda. kaci ocdaTxuTmeti wlis iqneboda, biWi _ aTisa.
mama rom iatakze daemxoboda da xaliCas Subls Seaxebda, Svilic iCoqebda, xolo roca kaci
adgeboda da saxeze xelisgulebs Camoisvamda, patara xelebs isic loyebze iTaTunebda. me-
CeTis Ria karidan wamdauwum iWyiteboda biWze ori-sami wliT umcrosi gogo, Zmas emanWeboda
da acinebda. is cdilobda, disTvis yuradReba ar mieqcia, magram Tvalebi mainc iqiT gaurboda,
gogos danaxvaze eRimeboda da amis gamo sakuTar Tavze brazobda.
mama, ra Tqma unda, yvelafers xedavda, magram ar imCnevda. locva rom daasrules, daixara
da, madlierebis niSnad, Svils Tavze akoca. amiT gaTamamebulma biWma mamas raRac uTxra, man
Tavi dauqnia da biWi wavida, xaliCaze wamowolil turistebs Soris gaiara, gareT gavarda da
akiskisebul gogos gamoenTo.
am suraTma guli amiyuCa, Tvalze cremli momgvara da mama-Svilis mimarT ucnauri naTe-
saobisa da axloblobis grZnoba gamiCnda.
biWis wasvlis Semdeg kaci adgilidan ar daZrula, meCeTis kedelTan Tvalebmilululi
idga da etyoboda, isev loculobda. vuyurebdi da mis mimarT gulwrfeli pativiscemisa da
mokrZalebis grZnobiT vimsWvalebodi _ am kacs mxurvaled swamda RmerTi, undoda, sakuTari
vaJic patiosan, RvTismoSiS adamianad gaezarda da ra Cemi saqme iyo, romel aRmsareblobas
ekuTvnoda, religiis romel mimdinareobas aRiarebda.
erTi Zveli ambavi gamaxsenda...
1614 welia... daviT-garejis udabnoSi, aRdgomis dilabnelze, berebi litanioben _ cis-
kris locva ukve aRusrulebiaT da axla anTebuli sanTlebiT, xatebiTa da jvrebiT xelSi ek-
lesias garSemo uvlian... am suraTs Tvals adevneben iqve axlos Casafrebuli yizilbaSebi. es
yaraiis velze dabanakebuli Sah-abasis11 laSqris mxedrebi arian, romlebic aq maTTvis ucxo da
arCevani
ucnauri ritualis sanaxavad mosulan. cxenebi moSorebiT miufarebiaT, TviTon kldeebSi

sxedan da berebs iqidan uTvalTvaleben... uyureben sanTlebis SuqiT ganaTebul, RvTis
siyvaruliT gaciskrovnebul maT saxeebs, maT gabrwyinebul Tvalebs da TandaTanobiT saSineli
V Tavi
risxva euflebaT, radgan ician, rom ara ars RmerTi, Tvinier alahisa da muhamedia misi
mociquli!
10
namazi _ muslimTa locva, romelsac dReSi xuTjer asruleben.
11
Sah-abas I (1571_1629) _ iranis mefe, mravaljer dalaSqra Cveni qveyana.
311
anton pirveli kaTalikosi12 wers: `xolo ra ixiles Sors mdgomareTa, damalulTa maT bar-
barosTa krebuli igi saRmrTo, warvides maTzeda, eklesia gareSeicves da wmidai igi krebuli
uwyebul hyves, viTarmed: anu dauteveT qristei, romelsac aRiarebT, da mosulni sjulisa-
debisa momarT mociqulisa Cvenisa daemkvidrneT CuenTana da zavi ZmobiTi erTobai da igiveobai
cxovrebisa guaqundin CvenTana. da ukeTu ara isminoT Cueni, aha maxvilni aRmoxdilni xelTa
Sina CuenTa, romeliTa aRispneT, Tvinier erTisaca Tquenganisa grZnobiTa cocxal adre~...
SeSinebulma mlocvelebma Tavi eklesias Seafares, magram `maSin Sevides uRmrToni igi
mtarvalni eklesiad~ da uiaraRo berebi xmlebiT akuwes. `mravalni maTganni moswyvdnes Si-
nagan wmidisa eklesiisa, romelnime wmidaTasa eklesiisasa Sina sakurTxevelsa da romelnime
dahklnes TviT wmidasa zeda trapezsa uwyalod~...
sulTan ahmedis meCeTidan rom gamovediT, msaxurebma Cveni fexsacmelebi dagviriges, feS-
tamlebi Caibares da dagvemSvidobnen.
stambolidan ise rogor unda wamovsuliyaviT, rom didi bazari ar gvenaxa, amitom tramva-
iSi CavsxediT da iqiT gavwieT. SevediT Tu ara, gasayidad gamotanilma uamravma da uzRvavma
saqonelma gagvaogna da Tavbru dagvaxvia. amasTan SedarebiT, rialtos bazari eliavas bazrobad
mogeCvenebodaT, Tvaluwvdenelma gvirabebma da katakombebma ki suli ise SegvixuTa, rom iqidan
TavpirismtvreviT gamovcvivdiT da gareT rom gamovediT, SvebiT maSinRa amovisunTqeT.
gvindoda, rom stambolSi erTi Rame mainc gagveTia, magram sastumros fass ver SevwvdiT,
mosaRamovebulze manqanas mivakiTxeT, CavsxediT da wamovediT. kargad iyo SeRamebuli, roca
bosforis gasaocari xidi gadmoviareT da aziis kontinentze SemovediT. aqedan baTumamde,
sul cota, 1400 kilometri unda gagvevlo.
stambolidan gamoRweva ioli saqme rodia, es iseT gamocdil Sturmansac ki gauWirda, ro-
goric Cveni kote iyo _ gzas avcdiT da erTxans sul sxva mimarTulebiT viareT, magram, bolos,
kiTxva-kiTxviT, rogorc iqna, ankarisaken mimaval avtobanze gavediT.
movdiodiT da isev im oxer kempings veZebdiT, magram SuaRame ise gadavida, mis aRmniSvnel
sagzao niSans versad wavawydiT. Zili gvereoda. Cveni Tavi jandabas, guja gvecodeboda, ro-
melic, marTalia, ixtibars ar itexda, magram etyoboda, rom amxela gzam saSinlad daRala da
siqa gaacala.
gadavwyviteT, isev sastumroSi davbinavebuliyaviT da pirvelive maTganTan gavCerdiT.
guja da kote sastumros foieSi Sevidnen da cota xnis Semdeg, iqidan aseTi ambavi gamoitanes
_ 60 dolarad orsawolian oTaxs gvaZleven, sadac mesame sawolsac Cagvidgameno.
eg iyo da Cveni saqme!
manqanidan gadavbargdiT da administrators mivadeqiT. man agvxed-dagvxeda, mere majis
saaTze daixeda, romelic SuaRamis samis naxevars uCvenebda da Tavxedurad gamogvicxada _ 60
ara, 80 dolari unda gadamixadoTo!
_ ki magram, xo movilaparakeTo?! _ hkiTxa kotem.
_ movilaparakeT, magram samocad ar gamova, oTxmoci undao! _ Tan Tavisi gamociebuli
TvalebiT utifrad gviyurebs.
_ samocdaaTi ro mogceTo? _ SeevaWra guja.
_ arao, oTxmocio!
icis, rom sxva gza ara gvaqvs, daRlilebi varT da Zalian gveZineba, samoci ki Tavidan imi-
arCevani
toma Tqva, rom sastumroSi SevetyuebineT.

_ Seni deda, Seni mama, Se nabozaro Turqo-meTqi! _ moulodnelad avkivldi me.
vgrZnob, rom sulelurad viqcevi, magram Tavs veRar vikaveb, ise var gagiJebuli, amas er-
V Tavi
Ti gemoze Tu ar movde, SeiZleba meoTxe infarqti avikido!

kote da guja makaveben, gakvirvebulebi momCerebian, ver xvdebian, ra momivida, ase uceb
ram gadamria.
312 12
anton I kaTalikosi (1720_1788) _ saqarTvelos kaTalikosi, mwerali, mecnieri.
moulodnelad davinaxe, rom foieSi ori namZinarevi jeeli Semovida, romlebsac qamreb-
ze pistoletebi ekidaT... moSorebiT dadgnen da dagviwyes yureba.
axlaRa mivxvdi, ra xaTabalaSic gavebi, magram Cemi Secdoma isev me gamovaswore, kotes da
gujas mivubrundi _ Tu Zma xar, wamodiT, amaTi araferi gvinda-meTqi da sastumros foiedan
gamovedi. oriveni xmisamouReblad gamomyvnen da manqanaSi rom CavsxediT, maSinve sindisis
qenjna vigrZeni _ am sawylebs erTi suli hqondaT, rom tanze cxeli wyali gadaevloT da
daeZinaT, me ki raRac oci dolarisTvis aseTi aurzauri avtexe-meTqi... kidev kargi, iqve ax-
los, sul ramdenime kilometrSi meore sastumros mivageniT, sadac ormoc dolarad mSveni-
eri samsawoliani oTaxi viqiraveT.
Turme dilis sauzmec im ormoc dolarSi Sedioda da mere rogori sauzme! yvelaferi Tav-
zesayrelad mogvitanes _ Cai, yava, ramdenimenairi yveli, kvercxi, araJani, xili da ra vici, ra
aRar.
TurqeTSi ugemrieles purs acxoben da rogorc Cans, blomad mohyavT marcvleuli kul-
turebi, gansakuTrebiT xorbali. gzaze xSirad gvxvdeboda oqrosferi nawverlebi, sadac uc-
naurad dagorglil-daxveuli namjis veeberTela zvinebi idga. sastumroebSi, aqac da sxva-
ganac, yvelgan moewyoT eTnografiuli kuTxeebi, sadac gamoefinaT: guTnebi, uRlebi, Wapnebi,
kevrebi, fiwlebi da Zveli yofis amsaxveli sxva nivTebi.
am bolo dros saqarTveloSi da gansakuTrebiT TbilisSi uamravi kerZo sastumro aSenda,
magram azradac aravis mosdis, iq amgvari kuTxe moawyos, stumars Cveni qveynis uZvelesi kul-
tura gaacnos da misi warsulis mimarT interesi gauRvios. Tumca, rom moiwadinos kidec, ras
gaxdeba _ sanTliTac rom eZebos, erT kevrs veRarsad ipovnis. moispo da ukvalod gaqra mdidari
eTnografiuli masala, romelic gasul saukuneSi, Cvens soflebSi, aqa-iq jer kidev iyo
SemorCenili.
am aTi wlis winaT, roca saswavlo film `qarTul anbans~ viRebdiT, xisfersoiani uremi
dagvWirda, magram versad viSovneT, filmis reJisors, Cems megobar armaz burnaZes vuTxari _
nosteSi avideT, magnairi uremi biZaCems unda hqondes-meTqi. ori manqaniT wavediT. armazma
mTeli jgufi wamoiyvana, barem is urmiani epizodi iqve gadaviRoTo. avediT nosteSi, manqana
soflis boloze gavaCerebineT da me da armazma biZaCemis saxlisken fexiT gavwieT.
goga xizambareli, romelsac mTeli sofeli `mRvdels~ eZaxda, sabZelTan ijda da mzes
eficxeboda. im dros ukve iseTi mZime avadmyofi iyo, rom arafris Tavi aRar hqonda, magram
Cveni danaxva mainc Zalian gauxarda da Sin SegvipatiJa. ar SevyeviT. 1994 weli idga, xalxs uWirda,
bevrs sakuTari ojaxis gamosakvebadac araferi gaaCnda da amitom moverideT. mere uremi
davaTvaliereT, magram imasac rkinis borblebi aRmoaCnda. xis ferso maRalia, iolad tydeba
da wamdauwum gamocvla unda, rkinisas ki ra mouva _ uremsac moinelebs da patronsac.
_ Sin SemodiT, kaco, Sin SemodiTo!_ ixveweboda goga.
_ ara, mRvdelo, bevrni varT, sxva dros iyos-meTqi...
_ ramdeni xarT, mainc ramdenio!
Svidni varT-meTqi.
_ modiT, kaco, yvelani moiyvaneo, arayi bevri maqvs, yveli, puri da keTili gulio!
ara vqeniT, davemSvidobeT da wamovediT, marTla Svid kacs xom ar mivayenebdiT!
_ icodeT, mewyineba, ai, icodeT, mewyinebao! _ ganwiruli xmiT mogvZaxoda sawyali `mRvde-
li~.
arCevani
amis mere ar gasula ramdenime Tve, rom goga xizambareli gardaicvala...

me axlac yurSi miwivis misi xma, guls miwuxebs da sindisi mqenjnis, vin icis, rogor undoda
sawyals CvenTan saubari, grZeli zamTrisgan gabezrebuls stumari rogor enatreboda...
V Tavi
rogorc TviTon icoda xolme Tqma, erTi `nafrontal-naplenari~ kaci iyo _ omis dros
germanelebma daatyveves da samxreT safrangeTSi, qalaq tuluzasTan gamarTul sakoncentra-
cio banakSi hyavdaT damwyvdeuli. sabWoTa tyveebs saWmeli akldaT, xSirad nagavSi karto-
filis naTals eZebdnen da imas xarSavdnen, rom SimSiliT sulebi ar amosZvromodaT, magram
313
swored amis gamo muclis tifiT avaddebodnen da buzebiviT ixocebodnen.
frangi fermerebi, Turme, germanelebisgan zogjer, muSaxels qiraobdnen, raSic, cxadia,
saTanado safasursac ixdidnen. misula erTxel viRac kaci da ramdenime tyve uTxovia, Tan uT-
qvams _ venaxi maqvs gasasxlavi, rogorc miTxres, es saqme qarTvelebs scodniaT da amitom imaT
waviyvano. germanelebsac ra enaRvlebodaT, tyveebs Soris aTi qarTveli amourCeviaT, man-
qanaze dausxamT da badragis TanxlebiT gautanebiaT.
im aT kacSi moxvedrila gogac.
miiyvanes, Turme, erT Tvaluwvdenel zvarSi da dauriges sasxlavebi. TiTqmis saRamomde
amuSaves, mere dasxes isev manqanaze da erT orsarTulian saxls miayenes. maspinZlebs badra-
gisTvis iqve, ezos fanCaturSive gauSliaT kargi purmarili saukeTeso ZexveuliT, loriT da
ludiT. tyveebi ki saTanado nebarTvis Semdeg, Sin SeuyvaniaT.
daxvdaT iq am daqimiTebul biWebs iseTi sufra, rom Citis rZec ki ar aklia: nigvziani fxa-
lebi da amolesili lobio, mWadi, or-samnairi yveli da civad moxarSuli dedlebi, kuWmaWi da
saukeTeso Tevzeuli, moxarSuli burvakisa da ciknis xorci, niorwyalSi Calagebuli Semwvari
wiwilebi da, rac mTavaria puri, sul ToneSi gamomcxvari, gamtkicebuli dedas purebi da
lavaSebi!
dganan Turme gaognebulebi, aseTi zRapruli siuxviT Tavzardacemulebi da Tavi sizmar-
Si hgoniaT. frangi msaxurebi sul TvalebSi Sescicineben, Tavazianad uRimian _ dabrZandiT,
miirTviT, Tavi ise igulveT, rogorc sakuTar saxlebSio!
marTlac, dasxdnen da Seudgnen Wamas. msaxurebma kargi wiTeli Rvino miarTves, TiTo Wiqa
dalies da danayrebulebma Tvalebidan rom gamoixedes, swored am dros, gaiRo kari, oTaxSi
erTi viRac darbaiseli kaci Semovida da stumrebs qarTulad miesalma _ mSvidoba Tqvens
mosvlaso!
fexze wamoiSalnen da maspinZels dabneulebi miaCerdnen.
_ dasxediT, dasxediTo! _ Tqva man, TviTon sufris TavSi dajda da msaxurma rom Rvino
dausxa, sasmisi xelSi aiRo, _ gagimarjoT, am gaWirvebisTvis gageZloT, RmerTma samSoblo
gaCvenoTo! _ da cota mosva.
tyveebi pirakanulebi sxedan, aRarc Wamen da aRarc svamen, maspinZels uxmod miSterebian.
_ ra iyoT, kaco, ra gakvirvebulebi miyurebTo, _ gaecina imas, _ gana ucxo var, mec Tqvensa-
viT qarTveli var, Cemi mxris xalxi momenatra da aq imitom mogiyvaneTo.
mere Camohyva da yvelas saTiTaod gamohkiTxa _ vina xarT, sadaurebi xarTo.
zogma es uTxra, zogma _ is, bolos, gogas jeric dadga:
_ nosteli var, kaspis raionidano..
_ ra gvario.
_ xizambarelio.
_ mamaSens ra hqviano.
_ ilao.
_ goga xar, biWo?!
_ goga varo?! _ gahkvirvebia mRvdels.
_ kaco... me gorgijaniZe var, Seni naTliao!
gadaexvivnen Turme erTmaneTs.
es gorgijaniZe yofila papaCemis, ila xizambarelis Zmakaci, biZaCemi 1918 wels mounaT-
lavs da 24 wlis ajanyebis damarcxebis Semdeg safrangeTSi gamoqceula. aq Sofroba uswavlia,
arCevani
erTxans, marselSi taqsis mZRolad umuSavia, mere frangis qali SeurTavs da tuluzaSi dasax-
lebula. SeZlebuli kaci iyo, didi mamulebisa da zvrebis patroni. sakoncentracio banakSi
viRacas qrTami misca da biZaCemi samzareuloSi gadaayvanina. germanelebma rom kudi amoiZues
V Tavi
da tyveebi bedis anabara dayares, imaTgan zogi samSobloSi dabrunda, zogma kidev amerikaSi
gamgzavreba gadawyvita.
samSoblo gogasac monatreboda da iwevda, mec unda wavideo, magram gorgijaniZes dauS-
314 lia _ stalini tyved yofnas aravis apatiebs da yvelas daxvretso.
_ maSin avdgebi da Cems amxanagebs amerikaSi mec gavyvebio!
_ amerikaSi raRa ginda, biWo, flavs ki ar arigeben iqao! aba, yuri damigde, ra giTxrao: me
xo miyureb, Svilo, ro Cemi wili qvaca maqvs da kakalic, magram qali berwi gamomadga, Svili ar
gauCnda da es amodeni qoneba raRa viRac oxersa da mamaZaRls darCes, modi, giSvileb, am sibereSi
gverdiT damideqi da yvelafers Sen dagitovebo.
gorgijaniZem piroba Seasrula _ naTluli Svilad aiyvana da anderZi dawera, romliTac
mTel uZrav-moZrav qonebas mas utovebda. magram atyobda, rom gogas mainc samSoblosken eb-
riceboda Tvalebi. amitom aseTi rame moifiqra: erTi kargi Zmakaci hyavda, Jan lefoRi, res-
tornebis patroni, tuluzaSi imisTana mdidari kaci meore ar dadioda, magram erTaderTi
qaliSvilis meti aravin ebada.
swored im lefoRs SeuCnda:
_ kaco, xo uyureb, ro davberdiT, or-ori paraskeviRa dagvrCenia, modi, es Seni gogo da
Cemi Svilobili SevauRloT da Cven ro aRar viqnebiT, ra ginda. orTaves qoneba erT ojaxSi
darCebaTo.
lefoRs gorgijaniZis naTqvami WkuaSi ujdeboda, magram Tavi mainc Sors eWira, albaT,
fiqrobda, es erTaderTi Svili am viRac gadamTiels xelSi rogor Cavugdoo.
yoymani rom Seatyo, gorgijaniZem lefoRs meore fronti gauxsna _ Svilobili mis qaliS-
vilze, Tvrameti wlis nikolze dageSa da, marTlac, aseTma strategiam, brwyinvale gamarjveba
moutana _ erTi kvirac ar iyo gasuli, rom gogam mamobils franguli cixe-simagris gasaRebi
Caabara. Jan lefoRma ukanasknelad gaibrZola _ maSin, CemTan unda icxovrono da raRas izamda,
gogac imaTsa gadabargda.
omi axali damTavrebuli iyo, cxovreba nel-nela iwyebda gamococxlebas. goga franguls
swavlobda, enas itexda. dadiodnen sinemaSi, kafeebsa da sacekvao moednebze. nikoli mas Tavis
megobrebs acnobda da isic TandaTanobiT eCveoda axal cxovrebas.
Taflobis Tve male gailia da erT dResac lefoRma siZe kantoraSi daibara _ aba, ra ici, ra
xelobis kaci xaro!
ra unda scodnoda, erTi tlu biWi iyo, sofelSi barisa da Toxis meti ra unda eswavla,
magram gaaxsenda, rom bolo dros, sakoncentracio banakSi, mzareuls exmareboda da upasuxa _
xorcis daWra mexerxebao.
Zalian kargio, _ lefoRma, _ kargi xeloba gcodniao da Tavis erT-erT restoranSi mzare-
ulis TanaSemwed gaamwesa. gavida xani da sul male iseTi marifaTi gamoiCina, iseTi gemrieli
kerZebis damzadeba iswavla, rom simamrma wlis Tavze mzareulad daawinaura.
erTxelac, samzareuloSi rom saqmianobda, restornis darbazidan qarTuli simRera Se-
moesma, gaixeda da Tavisi amxanagebi dainaxa, romlebic amerikidan Camobrunebuliyvnen. gaxa-
rebulma biWebs sul saTaviTao saWmel-sasmeli miarTva, TviTonac gverdiT miujda da `gaf-
rindi, Savo mercxalo~ wamoiwyo. sufrasTan viRac ucxo, xnieri kaci ijda, romelic gogas
SublSekruli misCereboda da roca iman simRera daamTavra, hkiTxa:
_ simRera kargi gcodnia, magram es qarTveli kaci aq ras akeTebo?
_ coli SevirTe, ojaxi Sevqmenio..
_ mere, Se kai kaco, dedaSeni dRe da Ram Sens gzas gamoscqeris da ra gaZlebinebs aqao!
gogam amxanagebs gadaxeda.
_ xo, egreao, Cven dilaze mivdivarTo... _ uTxres imaTac.
auCqrolda sawyals guli, Tan is kacic cecxlze navTs usxamda:
_ aba, Cemo giorgio, iq Seni samSoblo gelodebao, adeqi da wamodi, ras Sescqeri amaT xe-
arCevani
lebSio!
dilabnelze goga cols loginidan gamouZvra, tanisamosi iRliaSi amoiCara, gareT gamo-
itana da iq Caicva. mere vagzalSi gavida, matarebelSi Cajda da amxanagebTan erTad samSob-
V Tavi
losken gamoswia. aq, ra Tqma unda, daiWires da gaacimbires, magram gzidan gaiqca da eqvs we-
liwads groznoSi imaleboda. saqarTveloSi stalinis sikvdilis mereRa Camovida.
sibereSi karebwin gamarTul skamze ijda xolme da dardobda _ ra vuTxra, ra pasuxi gavce
gorgijaniZes saiqioSio. roca hkiTxavdnen, rasa iq, mRvdelo, rogora xaro, sinanuliT mi-
315
ugebda:
_ aba, raRa rogora var, Cemi saqme isea, Roris Tavi ro xaliCaze dades, iman ki igora, igora
da bolos, nostes nexvSi Cagordao...
sikvdilis win daebarebina, sasaflaoze ar amitanoT, koSkis gadmoswvriv, goris ZirSi ro
erTi kargi mdeloa, iq dammarxeTo. es anderZi Svilebma pirnaTlad Seusrules.
ankaris avtobani marjvniv movitoveT da samsunisaken mimaval gzas davadeqiT. TurqeTis
nayofier velebze mivqrodiT. iq, rogorc ukve vTqvi, ZiriTadad marcvleuli kulturebi moh-
yavT, magram xSirad gvxvdeboda pamidvris naTesebic, sadac sarwyavi sistema, miwis damuSaveba
da mosavlis aReba mTlianad meqanizebuli iyo _ pamidvris mwkrivebSi kombainis msgavsi raRac
patara manqanebi dadiodnen, bardebs Zirianad Txridnen, xis yuTebSi bertyavdnen da mwife
nayofs ayrevinebdnen. aqa-iq gvxvdeboda SedarebiT patara nakveTebic, sadac xilabandiT pir-
axveuli qalebi jer isev mama-papuri ToxiTa da bariT muSaobdnen, magram miuxedavad amisa,
mainc aSkara iyo, rom TurqeTs farTod gaeRo kari evropuli kulturisa da Sromis Tanamed-
rove teqnologiebisaTvis, ayvavebis gzaze damdgariyo da TandaTanobiT civilizebul qveyanas
emsgavseboda.
erTi Cveneburi glexis naTqvami gamaxsenda: `kargi da miwa momces, mere? damuSaveba xo
unda: moxvna, dafarcxva, daTesva, gaToxna... traqtori ar ari, sawvavi ar ari... sawvavs iSovni,
sasuqi ar aris. sasuqi ari _ Sxamqimikati ar ari. rad minda egeTi miwa!~ da radgan ar unda, Cveni
isedac mcire savargulebi TiTqmis TxuTmeti welia, rac cdeba.
ar vvargebulvarT, arao! _ gaismis soflad Tu qalaqad, _ es ra xalxi vyofilvarTo. Zma
Zmas aRar indobso. yvelani gakvra-gaglejvaze varT, qveyana fexebze gvkidiao. ra gasaCeni iyo
Cvennairi xalxi _ usaqmurebi, xulTupyrebi, TiTze TiTs ar davadebT, saCveno Tu ar ureviao.
marto laparaki viciT, saqme _ arao.
amisi mTqmeli TviTon ar atokebs xels da sxvas amunaTebs, sxvas emurmureba, sxvisi xeliT
unda naris gleja. amnairma laparakma marTla dagvadamblava, yvelaferze xeli Cagvaqnevina.
zogs amerikisken gvebriceba Tvalebi, zogs evropisken da zogsac ruseTisken. velodebiT, ai,
movlen da mogvepatronebiano. vin mova, ratom mova, Cvens sasikeTod ratom Segveweva?! Tuki
marTla gamogviCnda vinme gulSematkivari da samowyalod rame gadmogvigdo, iseTi zedaxora
dadgeba, meored mosvla gegoneba _ kaci kacs aRar indobs, partia _ partias. televizoris
ekranidan ukiJineben erTmaneTs _ Sen meti Segxvda da me naklebio! raRas ar amboben, raRas ar
kadruloben da am lanZRva-ginebas, ciliswamebasa da ded-mamis sulis trials politikur brZo-
las eZaxian. ras izam, politikaSi yvela xerxi misaRebia, gamarjvebuls ar asamarTlebeno. ise
daumSvendaT cxviri! kinaRam wamomcda, am simarTliT iaron-meTqi. aki, marTlac, am simarTliT
dadian da qveyanasac xaris tyaviviT Tan daaTreven _ gasweven da gamosweven, gasweven da gamos-
weven. am gawev-gamowevaSi iglijeba es tyavi, ifliTeba da gzaSi ekargebaT nafleTebi, turebsa
da yvav-yornebs aZRoben, imaT asuqeben. aRarc SiSi ician da aRarc sircxvili. an viRasi unda
rcxvenodeT, viRasi unda eSinodeT, roca yvela maT Senatris, yvelas maT adgilze unda yofna.
bavSvs rom hkiTxo, vin ginda gamoxvideo, arc ki dafiqrdeba, ise gipasuxebs _ politikosio,
politikosi unda gamovideo!
erTxel, erT interviuSi vTqvi: Cveni xelisufleba sakuTar xalxs ise eqceva, rogorc dap-
yrobili qveynis mosaxleobas-meTqi da meore dResve erTi Cemi axlobeli momigzavnes _ ra
iyo, ram gagacofao.
arCevani
Tqve kai xalxo, svavi ro svavia, iman icis _ sanam Zvals ukan ar miizomebs, ar gadaylapavs da
Tqven raRa mogividaT, ratom ggoniaT, rom yvelaferi SegrCebaT-meTqi.
erTi amxed-damxeda da maSinve gamecala...
V Tavi
samsunSi ar SevCerebulvarT, gza ganvagrZeT da qalaq ordus misadgomebTan erT sastum-

roSi davbinavdiT, romlis SesasvlelTan TurqeTis, germaniis, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebisa
da azerbaijanis droSebis gverdiT Cveni droSac iyo gamokidebuli.
sastumro zRvispirze idga. mis mSvenivrad movlil baRSi vivaxSmeT da adre daviZineT.
316
Cveni varaudiT, xval am dros ukve qobuleTSi unda vyofiliyaviT.
diliT adre gamovemgzavreT, qalaqs gamovcdiT da benzinis asaRebad erT fundukSi gada-
vuxvieT. win viRac axalgazrda kaci Semogvegeba da xeliT gvaniSna _ aqeT, aqeT modiTo! Tavi-
dan ver mivxvdiT, ra undoda, magram male gamoirkva, rom manqanebis mrecxavi yofiliyo da
muStars eZebda.
sanam guja benzins asxamda, me da kote manqanidan gadmovediT da muxli gavmarTeT. is kaci
RimiliT mogviaxlovda:
_ gurjebi xarT?
_ xo.
_ gamarjveba! _ gviTxra da orives xeli CamogvarTva. _ sadauri xarT.
_ Tbiliselebi. Sena?
_ aqauri. ege, im mTebSia Cemi sofeli. Suqri mqvia.
male gujac movida.
_ esec Tiflisidan ari?
_ xo. rogor mixvdi, ro qarTvelebi viyaviT.
_ guliT gicaniT.
viRac ori axalgazrda movida, dadgnen da isinic RimiliT mogvaCerdnen.
_ eseni Cemi yonaRebi arian, _ gviTxra Suqrim, _ es yadiraa, es kide, munji.
_ rogor, munji.
_ munjia. laparaki ar icis.
_ qarTvelia?
_ ara, boloki.
_ boloki?!
_ xo, Cven Turqebs boloks veZaxiT.
_ raTa?!
_ wiTeli qudi uyvarT, _ gaicina Suqrim.
yadiram raRac hkiTxa da Cvenze aniSna.
_ rao?
_ gurjebi da lazebi xisimebi xarTo?
_ xo, xisimebi varT.
roca Suqrim Cemi naTqvami gadauTargmna, yadira sadRac wavida da Cai mogvitana.
_ lazia? _ vkiTxe Suqris.
_ ara, esec bolokia, magram lazis qali yavs.
_ Cveni siZe yofila.
_ me faras vagroveb, TiflisSi unda Camovide da vnaxo... baTumic minda.
_ misamarTs dagitoveb. _ uTxra kotem.
_ telefonic miTxari, ro Camoval, dagirekam.
kotem manqanidan bloknoti moitana da Cveni misamarTebi jer inglisurad dauwera, mere
ki qarTulad.
Suqrim qaRaldi gamoarTva da daxeda.
_ es qarTuli alfavitia?
_ xo. ar ici qarTuli kiTxva?
arCevani
_ ara, saidan... _ qaRaldi gulSi Caikra da Caxrinwuli xmiT Tqva, _ neta, es maswavla da meti
araferi minda!
_ Camodi da gaswavli. _ uTxra kotem.
V Tavi
maspinZlebs davemSvidobeT, wamovediT da ori saaTis Semdeg ukve trapizonSi viyaviT,

romelsac Turqebi `trabzons~ eZaxian. amisTana lamazi qalaqi mTeli Savi zRvis sanapiroze
arsad Segvxvedria. misi TeTri, mravalsarTuliani qaTqaTa saxlebi lurji zRvis piras, mwvane
ferdobzea Sefenili da ferTa es gama Soridan saocar STabeWdilebas axdens. manqana miwisqveSa
317
sadgomSi davabinaveT da qalaqSi gaviareT.
erT maRaziaSi axalgazrda lazi gamogvelaparaka, jer Tavisi saqoneli gvaCvena, mere wa-
mogvyva da sxva maRaziebic mogvatara, magram male Segvatyo, rom qesetad viyaviT da Cvens
mimarT yovelgvari interesi dakarga.
amasobaSi sadilobis droc mosuliyo, gvindoda, sadme kargi cxvris mwvadi gveWama da im
lazma erTi samwvade migvaswavla.
trapizonSi didxans aRar gavCerebulvarT, raRac gveweoda da saqarTvelosken mogvaCqa-
rebda.
kargad iyo SeRamebuli, roca sarfSi movediT.
sabaJoze gujam manqana gaaCera da administraciul SenobaSi Sevida.
Cven vsxedvarT da velodebiT. viciT, rom SeiZleba aq dilamde gvayuryuton, amitom, vcdi-
lobT am azrs rogorme SeveguoT da nervebs ar avyveT.
guja aTi wuTis Semdeg gamoCnda, ukan ori kaci mosdevda, erTi, daaxloebiT, 50 kilo iqne-
boda, meore _ sul cota _ 180. is asoTxmockiloiani movida, Zlivs daixara, manqanis sarkmelSi
qoSiniT Semoixeda da me da kotes zrdilobianad mogvesalma _ keTili iyos Tqveni CamobrZane-
bao! mere ormocdaaTkiloians miubrunda da ubrZana: gamoarTvi baton elgujas sabuTebi da
yvelaferi swrafad gaukeTeo! bolos dagvemSvidoba da ise wavida, madlobis Tqmac ki ver mo-
vaswariT.
gujas gamoSterebuli saxeebiT SevyurebdiT, magram is, viTomc araferio, manqanaSi ux-
mod Cajda da magnitofoni CarTo.
vxedavdiT, rogor darboda is ormocdaaTkiloiani: xan erT oTaxSi Sevardeboda, xan me-
oreSi da Tan Cvens qaRaldebs daafrialebda.
_ ra uTxari, kaco, egeTi! _ veRar moiTmina kotem.
_ araferi, ra unda meTqva.
_ kargi exla, nu maimunob!
gujam axla ki veRar Seikava Tavi da gaecina.
_ Tqvi, ra uTxari.
_ qarTveli mwerlebi momyavs da, aba, Tqven iciT, Tavi ar SeircxvinoT-meTqi.
_ vin mwerlebi, kaco?!
_ vina da Tqvena _ jandieri da SataiZe!
_ maica, Tu Zma xar... da mere, magan gaWra?!
_ xo, ra iyo, magisTvis sul erTia nugzar SataiZe da daviT kldiaSvili, arc erTi ar wau-
kiTxavs.
iseTi xarxari agvityda, rom guja sul pirze xels gvafarebda.
manqanidan marto erTxel gadavediT, roca sakuTari pasportebi unda wargvedgina, mere
im ormocdaaTkiloianma gvaniSna, ukan gamomyeviTo da TviTon win sirbiliT gagviZRva.
rkinis WiSkars rom mivadeqiT, jixuridan sami policieli gamogvivarda da iseTi wivil-
kivili atexes, kinaRam gulebi dagvixeTqes:
_ gadaayene manqana! gadaayene!
_ gauReT, biWo, droze gauReT... _ saidumlo xmiT eubneboda maT Cveni ormocdaaTkilo-
iani.
_ rato, Zmao, rato gavuRo, vin arian! _ ayvirda erT-erTi maTgani.
_ kaco, gauRe da ro wavlen, getyvi...
bolos rkinis WiSkari marTlac gaiRo. gujam pirvelSi Caagdo, gazs miawva, manqana daZra
arCevani
da saqarTveloSi SemovediT!
gamoviareT sarfi, kvariaTi, gonios cixis Sav kedlebsac gamovcdiT da gujam Tavisi mobi-
luri moikiTxa.
V Tavi
bevri veZebeT, magram ver vipovneT _ viRacas aewapna.

rogorc Canda, manqanidan maSin agvacales, pasportebis saCveneblad rom gadavediT...
uxmod visxediT da Cvens safiqrals Cumad vfiqrobdiT, Tumca ise viyavi daRlili da gasa-
vaTebuli, rom fiqris Tavic aRar mqonda. ra mindoda, ra Zala madga, am sibereSi sad mivexete-
318
bodi... ox, guja, guja...
_ madlobis magieria?! _ gabrazda uecrad beriSvili.
_ rao?!
_ marTals geubneba! _ kveri daukra kotemac. _ mTeli evropa Semogatara da kide ukmayofi-
lo xar?
gakvirvebulma Sevxede.
_ ki magram, gamagebineT, Tqven saidan iciT, me ra gavifiqre...
biWebma gaicines.
_ magas ra codna unda!
gavCumdi da gzas mivaCerdi. mere ratomRac es sityvebi amekviata da veRar moviSore: `ka-
piki gakapikebula, sakapikeSi Cakapikebula... kapiki gakapikebula, sakapikeSi Cakapikebula... ka-
piki gakapikebula, sakapikeSi Cakapikebula~...
ukve samSobloSi viyaviT.
Ramis Tormeti saaTi sruldeboda.
irgvliv saSineli wyvdiadi Camowoliliyo.
2003
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. teqstSi sami personaJia: ambis mTxrobeli, anu Tavad avtori da misi megobrebi _ kote
jandieri, isic mwerali, da elguja beriSvili, Jurnalisti. samive realuri pirovne-
baa. avtori gviyveba, rogor imogzaura Tavis megobrebTan erTad evropaSi. Tqveni az-
riT, ra Janris nawarmoebia nugzar SataiZis teqsti _ moTxrobaa Tu mogzauris Canawe-
rebi (dokumenturi proza)?
2. dafiqrdiT, mweralma personaJebisa da sxvadasxva Tavgadasavlebis gamogonebas realu-
ri adamianebi da maTi mogzaurobis ambis moyola amjobina. anu man Segnebulad SeizRuda
SemoqmedebiTi Tavisufleba. Tqveni azriT, dazaralda Tu ara amiT teqsti? ratom?
3. ambis Txrobisas avtori drodadro erTgvar gadaxvevebs akeTebs da sxvadasxva iseT
ambebs gviyveba, romelTac, erTi SexedviT, am mogzaurobasTan araferi akavSirebT.
monaxeT teqstSi amgvari `gadaxvevebi~ da gansazRvreT, moculobis TvalsazrisiT daax-

loebiT ra Sefardeba arsebobs maTsa da mogzaurobis `ZiriTad~ ambavs Soris.
Tqveni azriT, amgvari gadaxvevebi uadgiloa da mosawyeni Tu piriqiT, organulad jde-

ba teqstis mxatvrul qsovilSi da maT gareSe nawarmoebi bevrs dakargavda? ratom?
xom ar aris romelime amgvari `gadaxveva~ zedmetad gaWianurebuli da mosawyeni, Tu

yoveli maTgani zomierebis grZnobiTaa dawerili? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
4. daakvirdiT, rogori damokidebuleba aqvs avtors sakuTari personis mimarT _ cdi-
arCevani
lobs Tavi mogvawonos Tu sakmaod msubuqad, ironiuladac ki epyroba Tavis Tavs? moiy-
vaneT Sesabamisi magaliTebi. Tqveni azriT, ratom iqceva ase avtori?
V Tavi
319
detalebis xelovneba
1. nugzar SataiZis teqstSi xSirad SegxvdebaT aseTi gamoTqmebi: `wavSavWirdi evropaSi~,

ùwiaRo saWmeli~, `Tu xamada xar~, `gunebanaqcevi qali~ da sxva mravali.
imsjeleT, rogor STabeWdilebas axdens Tqvenze aseTi leqsikuri erTeulebi?
Tqveni azriT, aseTi gamoTqmebis gamoyeneba uadgiloa da teqstis aRqmaSi giSliT xels
Tu piriqiT, maTi meSveobiT Taviseburi koloriti iqmneba, rac nawarmoebis aRqmas gi-
advilebT? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
2. daakvirdiT, ra TanmimdevrobiT icvleba TviTmfrinavis iluminatoridan danaxuli
peizaJi: `gadavuareT wyvdiadSi Caflul saqarTvelos, ukrainis xriok tramalebs, po-
loneTis gvarianad moferianebul velebs da, bolos, iluminatorSi iseTi movlil-daw-
krialebuli qveyana gamoCnda, rom Tavi veRar Sevikave da cxonebuli solomon isakiCi-
viT saSineli taSiscema avtexe~. SegviZlia avtors SevedavoT. saqme is gaxlavT, rom
Tuki saqarTvelo wyvdiadSi iyo Cafluli, e.i. Cveni gmirebi RamiT gafrenilan, amitom
verc ukrainis xriok tramalebs dainaxavdnen, verc poloneTis gvarianad moferianebul
velebs da verc movlil-dawkrialebul qveyanas. sxva gza ar aris, es epizodi an avtoris
Secdomad unda miviCnioT, anda `wyvdiadSi Cafluli saqarTvelo~ pirdapiri mniSvne-
lobiT ar unda gavigoT. Tqven romeli versiisaken ixrebiT? pasuxis momzadebisas ga-
iTvaliswineT teqstis ukanaskneli, damamTavrebeli winadadeba da mwerlis ZiriTadi
saTqmeli.
teqstis analizi
1. Tqveni azriT, SeiZleboda Tu ara nugzar SataiZis moTxroba montenis sityvebiT _ ès
gulwrfeli wignia, mkiTxvelo!~ _ dawyebuliyo? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
2. ramdenad bunebrivi geCvenebaT is gaoceba, romelsac evropaSi Casuli 60 wlis mTxrobe-
li gamoxatavs iqauri realobis mimarT?
3. sarfis sabaJos aRweras SeadareT germanuli aeroporti. gaixseneT avstria-italiis
sazRvarze, breneris uReltexilze, mdebare `funduki~, romelSiac kaciSvili ar WaWa-
nebda, magram yvelgan idealuri wesrigi sufevda, rac Zalian aocebT Cvens mogzaurebs.
Tqven daaxloebiT ukve iciT, zogadad riTi gansxvavdeba evropa aziisagan, magram,
Tqveni azriT, konkretulad mainc ra qmnis aseT radikalur sxvaobas yofaSi?
4. gaixseneT, am Tavis SesavalSi ukve aRvniSneT, rom XVI I I saukunis dasawyisSi sulxan-saba
orbelianma daxmarebis saTxovnelad evropaSi imogzaura. amis Sesaxeb man wignic dawe-
ra _ `mogzauroba evropaSi~. nugzar SataiZes swored am wignidan moyavs TurqeTis gav-
liT saqarTveloSi Semosuli sulxan-saba orbelianis sityvebi: `movidnen Wanebi. dag-
viWires. mravali gvsarjes. oci marCili wagvarTves. zandukebi dagvimtvries, tyuilad
mebaJeoba iCemes da mravali gvaWirves~.
mas Semdeg sami saukune gavida, magram mogzauri dResac TiTqmis imave problemebs
awydeba. ratom? imsjeleT amis Sesaxeb?
arCevani
5. nugzar SataiZe sulxan-saba orbelianis `mogzaurobas evropaSi~ tragikulsa da gu-

lubryvilo wigns uwodebs. moiZieT es wigni, gadaxedeT da daadgineT, eTanxmebiT av-
toris pozicias Tu ara.
6. teqstis finalur nawilSi moZebneT is epizodi, romelSic mwerali Cveni qveynis mZime
V Tavi
socialur-politikuri situaciis mizezebze saubrobs. gaanalizeT avtoris pozicia,

SeafaseT misi mosazrebebis safuZvlianoba da SeecadeT werilobiT daasabuToT Tqveni
Sexedulebebi am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.
320 7. gaiazreT teqstis saTauri. Tqveni azriT, zustad SearCia Tu ara igi mweralma? ratom?
pozicia
1. arsebobs erTi aseTi mosazreba:

`samSoblos siyvaruli adamianis bunebrivi mdgomareobaa (am mxriv yvelaze ukeTesi Se-
dareba, albaT, haeria, romelsac gamudmebiT da SeumCnevlad unda sunTqavde, magram
romliTac piris Catkbaruneba ar SeiZleba). bunebrivi mdgomareobis afiSireba arabu-
nebrivi mdgomareobaa. Cven vambobT _ `deda-samSoblo~. sworsac vambobT, magram gana
saukeTeso Svili is Svilia, romelic yovel cismare dRes aivanze gadmodgeba, mTeli
ubnis gasagonad aqebs sakuTar dedas da ficis koriantels ayenebs, rom Tvalis CiniviT
moufrTxildeba da, Tu saWiro Seiqna, sicocxlesac anacvalebs?~
dafiqrdiT, rogori urTierTmimarTeba arsebobs am azrsa da nugzar SataiZis teqsts
Soris? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
2. waikiTxeT es epizodi:
`mTeli Cveni dRe da moswreba ucxosa da gadamTiels velaqucebiT. am Tvisebam bevri
dagvaklo da bevr xaTabalasac gadagvkida, magram Cvensas mainc ar viSliT _ askacian
sufraze erTi rusi rom gverios, viciT Tu ar viciT, asive rusulad vlaparakobT.
erTxel daviT weredianma miTxra: vazi xo ici, ranairia, Tu ar Sesare, miwaze gaifarT-
xeba, iqaurobas sarevelasaviT moedeba da gavelurdeba, magram, sakmarisia, Wigo Seuyeno,
rom maSinve zed Semoexveva, pews daidebs da sul muWissimsxo mtevans daisxams. qarTve-
lebic im vazs vgavarT _ sxvis dauxmareblad cxovreba ver warmogvidgeniao~.
eTanxmebiT Tu ara am mosazrebas? ratom? Tqveni pozicia werilobiT daasabuTeT.
paralelebi
1. nugzar SataiZis teqstSi gamovlenili damokidebuleba avtorisa sakuTari personis

mimarT, SeadareT guram asaTianis Ì dialogSi~ avtoris mimarTebas sakuTar TavTan. sad
ufro mkveTrad Cans mwerlis pozicia? Tqveni azriT, es SemTxveviT xdeba Tu garkveuli
kanonzomierebis Sedegia? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
2. SeiZleba Tu ara nugzar SataiZis teqsti akaki baqraZis, vaxtang kotetiSvilis, Tamaz
natroSvilis, guram asaTianis Txzulebebisa da merab mamardaSvilis gamonaTqvamebis
erTgvar mxatvrul ilustraciad ganvixiloT? samuSao rveulSi CainiSneT konkretu-
lad mainc rogor SeiZleba an ar SeiZleba nugzar SataiZis nawarmoebis aRniSnul teq-
stebTan dakavSireba.
interpretacia
teqstSi moZebneT avstriel fermerTan Sexvedris epizodi. aSkarad Cans, rom man Cveni
mogzaurebi gulwrfelad miipatiJa sakuTar saxlSi. amas adasturebs misi gaoceba, romelic
mgzavrebisgan uaris miRebam gamoiwvia. Tumca es uari gulaxdili uari ar yofila, sinamdvi-
leSi stumrobaze uars ar ityodnen _ `gavikaliT daviT kldiaSvilis gmirebiviT Tavi: arao,
arCevani
nu Sewuxdebio...~ _ aRniSnavs guldawyvetili mTxrobeli. erTxel kidev davepatiJeT im

dalocvilso.
gvawvdis Tu ara es epizodi garkveul informacias rogorc Cvens, ise dasavlur sazoga-
V Tavi
doebaze? kerZod, rogors? rogori iqneba Tqveni interpretacia? davaleba SeasruleT weri-
lobiT.
321
Tvalsazrisi
mwerali wers:
`meCeTis erT kuTxeSi movirTxiT fexi da mozaikiT moxatuli kedlebisa da Weris Tvali-
erebas SevudeqiT.
moSorebiT mama-Svili namazs asrulebda. kaci ocdaTxuTmeti wlis iqneboda, biWi _ aTisa.
mama rom iatakze daemxoboda da xaliCas Subls Seaxebda, Svilic iCoqebda, xolo roca kaci
adgeboda da saxeze xelisgulebs Camoisvamda, patara xelebs isic loyebze iTaTunebda. me-
CeTis Ria karidan wamdauwum iWyiteboda biWze ori-sami wliT umcrosi gogo, Zmas emanWeboda
da acinebda. is cdilobda, disTvis yuradReba ar mieqcia, magram Tvalebi mainc iqiT gaurboda,
gogos danaxvaze eRimeboda da amis gamo sakuTar Tavze brazobda.
mama, ra Tqma unda, yvelafers xedavda, magram ar imCnevda. locva rom daasrules, dai-
xara da, madlierebis niSnad, Svils Tavze akoca. amiT gaTamamebulma biWma mamas raRac uTxra,
man Tavi dauqnia da biWi wavida, xaliCaze wamowolil turistebs Soris gaiara, gareT gavarda
da akiskisebul gogos gamoenTo.
am suraTma guli amiCuya, Tvalze cremli momgvara da mama-Svilis mimarT ucnauri naTe-
saobisa da axloblobis grZnoba gamiCnda.
biWis wasvlis Semdeg kaci adgilidan ar daZrula, meCeTis kedelTan Tvalebmilululi
idga da etyoboda, isev loculobda. vuyurebdi da mis mimarT gulwrfeli pativiscemisa da
mokrZalebis grZnobiT vimsWvalebodi _ am kacs mxurvaled swamda RmerTi, undoda, sakuTari
vaJic patiosan, RvTismoSiS adamianad gaezarda da ra Cemi saqme iyo, romel aRmsareblobas
ekuTvnoda, religiis romel mimdinareobas aRiarebda~.
mwerals am suraTma guli auCuya da mama-Svilis mimarT ucnauri naTesaobisa da axlob-

lobis grZnoba gauCina. SeecadeT axsnaT amgvari grZnobis gaCenis meqanizmi.
rogor fiqrobT, es kaci muslimani rom ar yofiliyo, avtori mainc saWirod CaTvlida
am epizodis Setanas Tavis wignSi? ratom?
Tqven rogor aRiqvamT am epizods? Tqvenzec iseve moqmedebs es suraTi, rogorc mwe-
ralze imoqmeda Tu ara? ratom?
weriTi davaleba
visac evropaSi gimogzauriaT, cxadia, dagrCebodaT garkveuli STabeWdilebebi dasav-

lur yofaze. nugzar SataiZis nawarmoebis wakiTxvis Semdegac ucvleli darCa Tqveni
STabeWdilebebi Tu sul sxva TvaliT dainaxeT rogorc sakuTari qveyana, ise dasavluri
samyaro? amis Sesaxeb dawereT ese saTauriT `mogzauroba evropaSi~.
SeiZleba jerjerobiT ar ginaxavT evropis romelime qveyana, magram ucxoeli avtorebis

nawarmoebebis, mxatvruli filmebisa da sxva wyaroebis meSveobiT ukve gaqvT garkveuli
warmodgena evropuli faseulobebis Sesaxeb. dawereT ese saTauriT `mogzauroba sa-
survel qveyanaSi~.
rogorc erT, ise meore SemTxvevaSi, SegiZliaT saTauri Tqveni SexedulebiT SecvaloT.
arCevani
V Tavi
322
VI Tavi
WeSmaritebis Sesaxeb
VI Tavi
323
Sesavali
klasikur kulturaze aRzrdil adamians Tanamedrove dasavluri literatura da xelov-

neba bevr siurprizs sTavazobs, rac mis adekvaturad aRqmas sakmaod problematurs xdis. amis
mizezi is gaxlavT, rom XX saukuneSi dairRva klasikuri xelovnebis TiTqmis yvela norma,
romelTa umravlesoba mxatvrul nawarmoebs sasiamovno sakiTxavsac xdida da teqstis aRqmasac
aiolebda.
XX saukunis dasavlurma xelovnebam TiTqmis mTlianad uari Tqva mkiTxvelis an mayureb-
lisTvis amgvari komfortis Seqmnis principze. es garemoeba adamianTa umravlesobis mier
arcTu iSviaTad aRiqmeba xolme rogorc SemoqmedTa axirebuloba an rogorc raRac absurduli
da sruliad gaumarTlebeli eqsperimenti.
mkiTxvelis dabneuloba mravalma mizezma SeiZleba gamoiwvios. magaliTad: Tanamedrove
mwerlebs aSkarad gauCndaT midrekileba eseistobisa da kritikosobisadmi, xolo kritikosebs
_ filosofosobisadmi.
ukve didi xania erTmaneTSi airia gansxvavebuli epoqebisa da kulturebisTvis damaxasia-
Tebeli sxvadasxva mxatvruli stili da xedva, simyare da garkveuloba dakarga Janrebs Soris
arsebulma sazRvarma, rac tradiciul xelovnebaSi dauSvebeli iyo.
iwereba cnobili klasikuri nawarmoebebis Taviseburi gagrZeleba-gamokvlevebi _ Zveli
personaJebis axali TavgadasavlebiT1.
dRes erTsa da imave nawarmoebSi SeiZleba erTmaneTis gverdiT mSvidad Tanaarsebobdnen
yovlad fantastikuri da aseve yovlad realisturi ambebi.
amerikaSi gamodis ucnauri wigni, romelic Sedgeba aukinZavi gverdebisagan. mkiTxvels
SeuZlia sakuTari Sexedulebisamebr daalagos da ise waikiTxos igi.
safrangeTSi iwereba, ase vTqvaT, `romani-citata~, romelic Sedgeba, arc meti, arc naklebi,
408 avtorisgan aRebuli 750 citatisgan.
magram amgvari ukiduresobebi mainc iSviaTobaa.
arsebobs iseTi seriozuli SemTxvevebic, romelTac waruSleli kvali datoves XX saukunis
kulturaSi. jer kidev 1922 wels iaponelma mweralma riunoske akutagavam2 gamoaqveyna moTx-
roba ùsier tevrSi~: tyeSi ipoves samurais gvami. Seipyres im adgilebSi moTareSe cnobili
yaCaRi, romelic aRiarebs, rom samurai da misi meuRle tyeSi Seityua, coli gaaupatiura, xolo
samurai mokla.
colis Cveneba gansxvavebulia. misi TqmiT, yaCaRma marTlac Seityua col-qmari tyeSi, sa-
murai xeze miaba, mis Tvalwin daeufla cols da Semdeg gaiqca. Sercxvenilma qalma qmari mokla,
mere Tavis mokvlac undoda, magram guli wauvida. gonze rom movida, SeeSinda da gaiqca.
mesame versias mokluli samurais suli gviyveba. misi TqmiT, mas Semdeg, rac yaCaRma coli
gaaupatiura, qalma TviTon SesTavaza moZalades _ axla Cemi qmari mokalio, magram aRSfoTe-
bulma yaCaRma fexi hkra qals, samurai axsna da TviTon gaiqca. Sercxvenilma samuraim sicocxle
aRar indoma da Tavi moikla.
mwerali ar gvTavazobs saboloo versias _ mainc ra moxda sinamdvileSi. sakiTxi Riad rCeba.
ufro metic, akutagavas mixedviT, garkveuli gagebiT, sworia samive versia.
amave principis momarjvebiTaa dawerili x. l. borxesis3 uamravi novela. arcTu iSviaTad
misi personaJebi ramdenjerme kvdebian, radgan sakuTari Tu RvTis nebiT cvlian movlenaTa
Tanmimdevrobasa da mimarTulebas.
1
sxvaTa Soris, arsebobs qarTveli, magram germanulenovani mwerlis, givi margvelaSvilis romani
`mucali~ (Targmnilia qarTulad), romelic vaJa-fSavelas àluda qeTelauris~ swored amgvar gagrZe-
leba-gamokvlevas warmoadgens.
VI Tavi
2
riunoske akutagava (1892_1927) _ iaponeli mwerali. arsebobs am mwerlis qarTulad gamocemuli
moTxrobebis krebuli, romelSic Sesulia ùsier tevrSic~. cnobilma iaponelma reJisorma akira kuro-
savam (1910_1998) am moTxrobis mixedviT gadaiRo gaxmaurebuli filmi `raSiomoni~. dasavlur samyaroSi
akutagavas moTxroba swored am filmis meSveobiT gaxda cnobili.
3
xorxe luis borxesi (1899_1986) _ argentineli mwerali, aRiarebulia XX saukunis erT-erT udides
324
mwerlad.
milorad paviCis ganTqmuli `xazaruli leqsikoni~4 mogviTxrobs, rogor miiRes xazarebma
IX saukuneSi axali rwmena, magram nawarmoebis mixedviT problema is gaxlavT, rom qristianebis
versiiT xazarebma qristianoba miiRes, muslimanebis versiiT _ muslimanoba, ebraelebis ver-
siiT ki _ iudeveloba.
* * *
Tanamedrove mwerlobis am da sxva mraval ùcnaurobasTan~ dakavSirebiT araviTar Sem-
TxvevaSi ar unda vifiqroT, rom es yvelaferi erTi muWa axirebuli mwerlebis Wirveulobis
Sedegia.
unda gvaxsovdes, rom xelovnebaSi momxdar cvlilebebs, rac ar unda auxsneli da absur-
duli gveCvenebodes isini, yovelTvis Tavisi sakmarisi safuZveli gaaCniaT.
evropelma inteleqtualebma karga xania Seiswavles dasavlur sazogadoebaSi arsebuli
situacia da mas postmoderni uwodes, rac sityvasityviT niSnavs modernizmis5 Semdegdro-
indel xanas.
* * *
rodis daiwyo postmodernizmis epoqa?
am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT arsebobs ramdenime mosazreba, magram yvelaze gavrcelebuli
Tvalsazrisis Tanaxmad, es epoqa iwyeba XX saukunis 50-ian wlebSi, Tumca amis gacnobiereba
mogvianebiT, mxolod imave saukunis 80-ian wlebSi moxerxda da saxeli postmodernic maSin
ewoda.
* * *
imisaTvis, rom marTebulad aRviqvaT postmodernistuli nawarmoebebi, sworad unda gves-
modes im xerxebisa da meTodebis daniSnuleba, romelTa meSveobiTac xdeba amgvari teqstebis
organizeba.
oRond daimaxsovreT: mxolod xerxi, rogorc aseTi, TavisTavad ar niSnavs imas, rom main-
cdamainc postmodernistul teqstTan gvaqvs saqme. am xerxTagan zogierTi SeiZleba adreul,
dRevandelobisagan sruliad gansxvavebul epoqaSi Seqmnil mxatvrul nawarmoebSic Segvxvdes.
mTavaria ara xerxebi, aramed cnobierebis is mdgomareoba, is msoflgancda, romliTac Ta-
namedrove avtorebi principulad gansxvavdebian wina epoqebis SemoqmedTagan da romlis ga-
moxatvasac isini am xerxebis meSveobiT cdiloben.
Sesabamisad, aucilebelia zogadi warmodgena mainc viqonioT imis Sesaxeb, ra Tavisebure-
bebi axasiaTebs adamianis msoflgancdas postmodernizmis epoqaSi.
* * *
Taviseburebebi ki marTlac mravlad axasiaTebs. Tanac imdenad mravlad, rom, roca evro-
pelma inteleqtualebma Tanamedrove adamianis msoflgancda gaaanalizes, mis dasaxasiaTeblad

axali terminis _ `postmodernistuli mgrZnobiarobis~ _ SemoReba CaTvales saWirod.
rogor unda gvesmodes es ucnauri termini?
4
milorad paviCi (daib. 1929 w.) _ Tanamedrove serbi mwerali, misi `xazaruli leqsikoni~ Targmnilia
qarTulad.
5
`modernizmi~ (`moderni~) _ franguli sityvaa da niSnavs uaxless, Tanamedroves. modernizmis epoqa
moicavs aswlian epoqas _ XIX saukunis meore naxevridan XX saukunis pirveli naxevris CaTvliT. umTavresi
momenti, rac am epoqas axasiaTebda, gaxldaT adamianuri gonebis yovlisSemZleobis rwmena. es iyo gama-
VI Tavi
ognebeli mecnieruli aRmoCenebis, axali teqnologiebis danergvis, grandiozuli socialuri proeq-

tebisa da eqsperimentebis, sxvadasxva ideologiebis sastiki Sejaxebisa da msoflio omebis epoqa. swored
am epoqaSi daiwyo klasikuri xelovnebis kanonebis rRveva da axali mimdinareobebis elviseburi siswrafiT
gaCena. modernistuli literaturisa da xelovnebis erT-erTi damaxasiaTebeli niSani gaxda misi sirTu-
le; adamianTa umravlesobisTvis misi adekvaturad aRqma problematuri Seiqmna, ramac Tavisdauneburad
xeli Seuwyo e.w. `maskulturis~ _ masebisTvis gasagebi da iolad aRsaqmeli kulturis gaCenasa da ayvavebas.
325
cota uxeSad Tu vityviT, postmodernistuli mgrZnobiarobiT gamsWvalva niSnavs iseT
mdgomareobas, roca adamians aRar SeuZlia samyaro aRiqvas rogorc harmoniuli sistema, ro-
gorc raRac garkveul wesrigs daqvemdebarebuli ierarqia, romelSiac yvelas da yvelafers
Tavisi roli da daniSnuleba gaaCnia da romelSiac gaugebari araferia.
postmodernistuli mgrZnobiarobis mqone adamiani samyaros aRiqvams rogorc qaoss, ro-
melSiac aRarc erTi fundamenturi sakiTxi aRar aris gasagebi. yavli gasdis yvela im avtori-
tets, romlebic Tavis droze azriTa da mniSvnelobiT avsebdnen adamianis cxovrebas.
adamiani yvelafris rwmenas kargavs. mas aRarc RmerTis swams da aRarc mecnierebis. marTa-
lia, sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebi kvlav ganagrZoben funqcionirebas da gasaocar teqno-
logiur novaciebsac TiTqos dasasruli ar uCans, magram aRaravin icis, saiT miemarTeba es
procesi da riT dasruldeba yvelaferi.
Sesabamisad, aseTi adamianisTvis gansakuTrebiT aqtualuri xdeba e. w. `banaluri kiTxvebi~
(ix. I I Tavi).
magram...
mTavari mainc is aris, rom:
postmodernistuli mgrZnobiarobiT gamsWvaluli adamiani ara marto aqamde gacemuli
pasuxebis ndobas kargavs, aramed saerTod uars ambobs pasuxebis Ziebaze.
Tanamedrove adamiani uars ambobs WeSmaritebis Ziebaze, radgan misi migneba SeuZlebeli
hgonia.
ratom?
imitom, rom mas bevrjer gaucruvda imedi. imitom, rom is, rac wina epoqebSi WeSmariteba
egona, sinamdvileSi iluzia aRmoCnda.
evropeli inteleqtualebi im daskvnamde mividnen, rom is, rac SeiZleba adamianma WeSma-
ritebad miiCnios, sxva araferia, Tu ara Tavad am adamianis warmodgena WeSmaritebaze. es war-
modgena ki damokidebulia adamianis mier arCeul an misTvis Tavsmoxveul xedvis kuTxeze.
xolo am kuTxis cvlileba iwvevs WeSmaritebaze arsebuli warmodgenis radikalur cvlilebas.
amgvari viTareba, roca uaryofilia erTi romelime religiuri, filosofiuri an mecnie-
ruli sistemis monopolia WeSmaritebis flobaze, safuZvels uqmnis pluralizms, anu, lega-
lurad arsebobis ufleba aqvs yvela Tvalsazriss, Tuki igi raime gansakuTrebul saSiSroebas
ar uqmnis sazogadoebriv usafrTxoebasa da keTildReobas.
Tanamedrove dasavleTSi swored es garemoeba qmnis noyier niadags sxvadasxva kulture-
bisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli msoflgancdis, Janrisa da stilis mSvidobiani TanaarsebobisaTvis.
amitomve ar aris romelime Semoqmedis, an SemoqmedTa jgufis axirebis gamovlineba dRe-
vandel literaturasa da xelovnebaSi ucnauri da xSirad Znelad gasagebi nawarmoebebis mom-
ravleba. saqme is gaxlavT, rom klasikuri xelovneba uZluri aRmoCnda gamoexata Tanamedrove
adamianis is uaRresad specifikuri mdgomareoba, romelic Zalze mokled da zogadad axla
davaxasiaTeT.
* * *
raki WeSmariteba Zalze SefardebiTi ram gaxda, ramac eWvis qveS daayena yvela is msof-
lmxedveloba Tu Teoria, romelTac ama Tu im epoqaSi gabatonebuli mdgomareoba ekavaT da-

savlur samyaroSi da WeSmaritebis flobaze acxadebdnen pretenzias, Sesabamisad, pirvel rigSi,
gadasasinji aRmoCnda maTi kulturisa da civilizaciis xerxemali _ racionalizmi, rogorc
ZiriTadi principi, romlis meSveobiTac wina epoqebSi iqmneboda samyaros gulubryvilod
harmoniuli suraTi.
yovelive aman, sabolood, postmodernistul kulturaSi warsulis totaluri gadafasebis
saxe miiRo, rac aRiniSneba iseTi terminiT rogoricaa èpistemologiuri6 daeWveba~.
pretenziebi WeSmaritebis monopoliur flobaze postmodernistul literaturasa da
xelovnebaSi sarkazmisa da ironiis amouwuravi wyaro xdeba.
VI Tavi
6
epistemologia _ Sedgeba ori sityvisagan: berZnulad èpisteme~ niSnavs codnas, `logos~ _ moZ-
Rvrebas; igivea, rac Semecnebis Teoria. Sesabamisad, èpistemologiuri daeWveba~ faqtobrivad niSnavs
326 Semecnebis SesaZleblobaSi daeWvebas.
§ I
avtoris Sesaxeb
vudi aleni 73 wlis win, 1935 wlis zamTarSi, niu-iorkSi daibada. ufro
sworad, maSin daibada alen stiuart konigsbergi, romelic mxolod 15 wlis
Semdeg gaxda vudi aleni, roca ufrosi klasis moswavlem adgilobriv ga-
zeTebSi am fsevdonimiT feletonebis beWdva daiwyo.
ratom maincdamainc vudi? imitom, rom amqveynad arsebobda cnobili
klarnetisti vudi hermani, aleni ki klarnetze dakvras swavlobda. sxva-
vudi aleni Ta Soris, reJisori drodadro dRemde ukravs _ vTqvaT, rogorc im Rames,
Tanamedrove roca misTvis los-anJelesSi morigi òskari~1 unda gadaecaT, is ki am dros
amerikeli niu-iorkis erT-erT Ramis barSi mSvidad ukravda.
mwerali,
marTalia, TviTon acxadebs, cxovrebaSi mxolod is mwyins, rom viRac
reJisori da
msaxiobi
sxvad ar davibadeo, magram, rogorc amboben, vudi aleni _ es aris adamiani
`Cems Sesaxeb ori gaSiSvlebuli nervebiT, amitom misi mtkiceba imis Sesaxeb, TiTqosda pi-
miTi Seiqmna. erTi rad tkivilebs filmebSi ar aireklavs, SeiZleba eWvis qveS davayenoT. mas
is, rom inteleqtu- xSirad sWirdeba ganmartoeba, magram, samwuxarod, mis mier arCeuli saq-
ali var, raki saT-
vales vatareb; da mianobis xasiaTi amis saSualebas naklebad iZleva.
meore is, rom didi Tumca vudi aleni mxolod kinoTi ar aris dakavebuli. misi emociuri
Semoqmedi var, ra- natura TviTgamoxatvis mravalferovnebas moiTxovs, amitom igi wers ki-
ki Cems filmebs
mogeba ar mo- dec. wers scenarebs, moTxrobebs, eseebs da qmnis, ase vTqvaT, `qalaqeli
aqvT~. nevrasTenikis Canawerebs~. am Canawerebis xasiaTs kargad warmovidgenT,
vudi aleni Tuki misi erT-erTi interviudan aseT fragments gavixsenebT:
`cxovreba marTla Zalian ucnauri ramea, ggonia, rom yvelafers akon-
troleb, Tan ki sul fiqrob, rom maincdamainc iq aris kargi, sadac Sen ara xar... meore mxriv,
SeiZleba yvelaferi dagegmo da xariviT imuSao, yovel diliT trenaJorze ivarjiSo (sxvaTa
Soris, me yovelTvis vvarjiSob), magram erT mSvenier dRes quCaSi gaxval da SeiZleba erTi
naxviT viRac Segiyvardes an avtobusi dagejaxos, rac bolos da bolos erTi da igivea~.
vudi aleni
mivmarTav skoladamTavrebulebs WeSmaritebis Sesaxeb
xangrZlivi istoriis manZilze arasdros Cavardnila kacobrioba aseT sagonebelSi. erT

gzas sasowarkveTisa da sruli uimedobisken mivyavarT. meores _ saboloo gadaSenebisken. vi-
locoT, rom swori arCevanis gasakeTeblad sakmarisi sibrZne aRmogvaCndes.
sxvaTa Soris, am yvelaferze amqveyniuri amaoebis SegrZnebiT ki ara, yofierebis absolu-
tur uazrobaSi koSmaruli darwmunebulobiT vsaubrob, rac SeiZleba, SecdomiT, vinmem pe-
simizmad aRiqvas.
ara, es ar aris pesimizmi. es jansaRi damokidebulebaa Tanamedrove adamianis tragediisad-
mi. (`Tanamedrove adamianSi~ igulisxmeba nebismieri, dabadebuli nicSes2 gancxadebis _ `RmerTi
VI Tavi
1
òskari~ _ amerikuli kinoakademiis yovelwliuri premia, romelic gaicema 1929 wlidan. saxelwo-
deba aRebulia im patara qandakebisgan, romelsac laureatebs gadascemen.
2
fridrix nicSe (1844_1900) _ germaneli filosofosi, didi zegavlena moaxdina XX saukunis dasavlur
azrovnebaze. misi cnobili fraza `RmerTi mokvda~ ZiriTadad gulisxmobs im keTilismyofeli zegavlenis
327
gaqrobas, romelsac Tavis droze uzenaesis rwmena axdenda adamianebze.
mokvda~ _ Semdeg da hit _ `minda, xels xelze giWerde~-s Caweramde3). es tragedia ornairad
SeiZleba aRiweros, Tumca lingvist-filosofosebs4 urCevniaT, maTematikur gantolebamde
daiyvanon igi _ advili amosaxsnelic iqneba da safuleSi Cadebuls Tan ioladac atareb.
yvelaze martivi saxiT problema ase warmogvidgeba: SesaZlebelia Tu ara cxovrebis azris
wvdoma, Cemi Sarvlis zomisa da welis garSemowerilobis gaTvaliswinebiT?
es Zalian rTuli kiTxvaa da vxvdebiT, rom mecnierebam ver gaamarTla molodini. ra Tqma
unda, man bevri sneulebis damarcxeba SeZlo, genetikuri kodi gaSifra, adamianebi mTvarezec
ki aiyvana, magram datoveT oTxmoci wlis moxuci oTaxSi or axalgazrda meddasTan erTad da
araferic ar moxdeba. namdvili problemebi xom ucvlelia.
bolos da bolos, SesaZlebelia Tu ara, rom adamianis suli mikroskopiT davinaxoT? al-
baT ki _ magram aucileblad Zalian kargi unda iyos. Tan ori okularuli miliT. viciT, rom
yvelaze Tanamedrove kompiuteris tvinic ki ar aris iseTi srulyofili, rogorc mwerebis.
ho, es zogierT Cvens axlobelzec SeiZleboda gveTqva, magram maT xom mxolod qorwilebze da
msgavs gansakuTrebul SemTxvevebSi vxvdebiT.
mecniereba iseTi ram aris, razec mudmivad varT damokidebulni. gul-mkerdis areSi tki-
vils Tu vigrZnob, maSinve rentgenze gavla momiwevs. neta dasxivebisgan ufro didi proble-
mebi xom ar gamiCndeba? sanam amas Sevityobde, qirurgiul ganyofilebaSi mawvenen. bunebrivia,
roca Jangbadis baliSs maZleven, swored maSin gadawyvets staJiori, rom sigarets moukidos.
amis Semdeg ki msoflios savaWro centrs piJamaSi gamowyobili gadavufren. es aris mecniereba?
ra Tqma unda, mecnierebam yvelis pasterizeba gvaswavla. ra gveTqmis _ mTvral kompaniaSi
yveli TavSesaqcevi ram aris. rasac namdvilad ver vityviT wyalbadis bombze. ginaxavT vinmes,
ra xdeba, Tu magididan SemTxveviT gadmogorda?
gana daexmareba mecniereba mas, vinc maradiul gamocanebs SeeWida? rogor gaCnda samya-
ro? ramdeni xnis win? yvelaferi afeTqebiT daiwyo Tu RvTis sityviT? Tu am ukanasknelma
misca dasabami, nuTu ar SeeZlo ufals, ori kviriT adre warmoeTqva igi, sanam ufro Tbili
amindi idga? konkretulad ras gulisxmoben, roca amboben, rom àdamiani mokvdavia~? cxadia,
es komplimenti ar aris.
samwuxarod, religiac veRar zemoqmedebs ganwyobaze. migel de unamuno5 ki wers aRfrTo-
vanebiT `gonis maradiul uryevobaze~, magram amaze xom yvelas ar miuwvdeba xeli. gansakuT-
rebiT, Tekereis6 kiTxvisas. xSirad vfiqrob xolme, rogori saamuri iyo pirvelyofili ada-
mianis cxovreba, yovlisSemZle, keTili Semoqmedis rom sjeroda. warmomidgenia am kacis imed-
gacrueba, roca SeamCnia, rogor gasuqda misi coli.
Tanamedrove adamians, ra Tqma unda, aseTi sulieri simSvide ara aqvs. is urwmunoebis uf-
skrulSia gadaCexili. moduri sityva rom vixmaroT, `gaucxoebulia~7. mas omis saSinelebebi
unaxavs, sakuTar Tavze gamoucdia stiqiuri ubedurebebi da martoxelaTa barebSia namyofi.
Cemi uaxloesi megobari, Jak mono xSirad saubrobs xolme samyaros qaosurobis Sesaxeb.
mas sjera, rom amqveynad yvelaferi SemTxveviTobis Sedegad gaCnda, garda misi sauzmisa, ro-
melic _ ara, amaSi eWvi ar epareba _ diasaxlisma moumzada.
3
hiti `minda xels xelze giWerde~ (Ì want to hold your hand~), `biTlzis~ cnobili hiti. pirvelad Caweril
iqna 1963 wels. rogorc amboben, man gamaognebeli STabeWdileba moaxdina amerikelebze. swored am sim-
ReriT daiwyo `biTlzma~ amerikis kontinentis dapyroba.
4
vudi aleni gulisxmobs XX saukunis dasavlur azrovnebaSi momxdar, ase vTqvaT, lingvistur ga-
datrialebas. cnobiereba gauTanabrda mis enobriv gamoxatulebas, Sesabamisad, azrovnebam enobrivi,
lingvisturi xasiaTi miiRo. gaCnda mTeli disciplinac ki _ e. w. semiotika, enobrivi niSnebisa da niSanTa
sistemis Teoria, romelmac iseTive adgili daikava dasavlur inteleqtualur sivrceSi, rogoric an-
VI Tavi
tikur xanaSi geometrias, xolo Sua saukuneebSi aristoteles logikas ekava.

5
migel de unamuno (1864_1936) _ espaneli filosofosi da mwerali.
6
uiliam Tekerei (1811_1863) _ ingliseli mwerali.
7
gaucxoeba _ termini Tanamedrove azrovnebaSi, romliTac aRiniSneba adamianis specifikuri mdgo-
mareoba mecnierul-teqnikuri progresis epoqaSi; roca mecnierebis mier danergili novaciebi, uneblieT
328 adamianze gabatonebul fenomenad yalibdeba.
ra Tqma unda, RvTaebrivi Canafiqris rwmena simSvidiT gvavsebs, Tumca adamianuri pasu-
xismgeblobisgan ar gvaTavisuflebs. gana Cemi moyvasis daraji ara var?8 var. Tu gainteresebT,
piradad me am pativsa da Rirsebas qalaqis zooparkis mcvelebTan viyof.
RmerTis gareSe Tavs miusafrad vgrZnobT, ris gamoc teqnikuri progresi gavaRmerTeT.
rogor axsnis teqnologia imas, rom axalTaxali `biuiki~, romelsac Cemi saukeTeso megobari
nat zipski marTavda, pirdapir restoran `frinvelTa netarebis~ vitrinas Seafrinda da aso-
biT mosadile aqeT-iqiT mimofanta?
oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi Cems tosters erTxelac ar umuSavia ise, rogorc saWiroa. in-
struqciis mixedviT, WrilSi puris or naWers vdeb da ramdenime wamSi maT SaSxanasaviT gais-
vris xolme. adre cxviric ki gautexa Cems sayvarel qals. Cven ki imedi gvaqvs, rom qanCebi,
WanWikebi da eleqtrooba yvela problemas gadagviWris?
ho, telefoni kargi ram aris, macivaric, kondicioneric. magram ara yvela kondicioneri.
magaliTad, Cemi dis, henis macivari saSinlad xmaurobs da ar agrilebs. xelosani gamoiZaxes,
ris Semdegac uaresi daemarTa. `meti ra gzaa, axali unda SeiZinoT~, _ uTxra man. Cemma dam
daiCivla, magram xelosanma sTxova, aRar SemawuxoTo. namdvilad gaucxoebuli iyo es kaci.
arada, sul iRimeboda.
ubedureba is aris, rom teqnokratiul sazogadoebaSi cxovrebisTvis ar mogvamzades. sam-
wuxarod, Cveni politikosebi an arakompetenturebi arian, an korumpirebulebi. xan erTica
da meorec. mTavroba patara adamianis moTxovnilebebs ar iTvaliswinebs. saRamos Svidis xuT
wuTze Sens kongresmenTan darekvas ukve azri aRara aqvs. ar uarvyof, rom demokratia jer
kidev marTvis saukeTeso formaa. demokratiul qveyanaSi, sul cota, adamianis uflebebs mainc
icaven. arc erTi moqalaqis wameba an usafuZvlod dapatimreba ar SeiZleba, arc brodveis
zogierTi Sous ZaldatanebiT Cveneba.
ra Tqma unda, Sedarebac ar SeiZleba imasTan, rac sabWoTa kavSirSi xdeba. totalitarul
saxelmwifoSi SeiZleba adamiani, mxolod stvenis gamo, ocdaaTi wliT moxvdes Sroma-gamas-
worebel koloniaSi. xolo Tu TxuTmeti wlis Semdeg stvenas kidev ar Sewyvets, mas aucileb-
lad daxvreten.
am mxecur faSizmTan erTad misi mewyvile _ terorizmic daabijebs. xangrZlivi istoriis
manZilze adamians aseTi SiSiT arasdros dauWria xbos katleti _ uceb rom afeTqdes?! Zaladoba
Zaladobas Sobs, 1990 wlisTvis ki, savaraudod, adamianTa Soris urTierTobis yvelaze
gavrcelebuli forma erTmaneTis gataceba iqneba.
mosaxleobis siWarbe problemebs ukiduresad gaamwvavebs. cifrebi gveubneba, rom deda-
miwaze imaze bevrad meti adamiani cxovrobs, vidre yvelaze mZime roialis gadasaadgileblad
aris saWiro. Tu xalxs gamravlebis Sewyvetisken ar movuwodebT, 2000 wlisTvis sasadilo
oTaxic aRar SegvrCeba da mogviwevs, magida ucnobebs davadgaT Tavze. isinic mTeli saaTi
gaunZrevlad unda isxdnen, sanam sadilobas davasrulebT. ra Tqma unda, energetikuli kri-
zisic iqneba da avtomflobelebs zustad imden benzins Causxamen, manqanebis naxevari metriT
ukan daweva rom SeZlon.
am gamowvevis miRebis nacvlad, narkotikebiTa da seqsiT TavSeqcevas gadavyeviT. Cven da-
uSveblad, zedmetad liberalur sazogadoebaSi vcxovrobT. arasdros ase ar ayvavebula por-
nografia. Tan ra uxarisxod iReben _ detalebs verafriT gaarCevs kaci!

Cven is adamianebi varT, visac gamokveTili miznebi ara gvaqvs. Cven arasodes gviswavlia
siyvaruli. Cven liderebisa da Tanmimdevruli programebis naklebobas ganvicdiT. sulieri
sayrdeni davkargeT. martoebi davexetebiT am samyaroSi da tkivilisa Tu sasowarkveTisgan
erTmaneTs xSirad mxecuri ZaladobiT SeuracxvyofT. sabednierod, zomierebis grZnoba ar
gvRalatobs.
am yvelafers Tu SevajamebT, cxadi gaxdeba, rom momavali warmoudgenel SesaZleblobebs
gvTavazobs, Tumca maxec bevrgan aris dagebuli. rogorRac unda movaxerxoT xafangebs Soris
gaZroma, SesaZleblobebis maqsimalurad gamoyeneba da saRamos eqvsi saaTisTvis Sin dabrunebac.
VI Tavi
1979
Targmna irma taveliZem
8
aleni axdens erTi bibliuri epizodis perifrazs. rodesac kaenma mokla Tavisi Zma abeli, ufalma
hkiTxa: `sad aris Seni Zma abeli?~ da upasuxa man: àr vici. gana me Cemi Zmis daraji var?~ (ix. dabadeba 4.9).
329
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. waikiTxeT es abzaci: `xangrZlivi istoriis manZilze arasdros Cavardnila kacobrio-

ba aseT sagonebelSi. erT gzas sasowarkveTisa da sruli uimedobisken mivyavarT. meo-
res – saboloo gadaSenebisken. vilocoT, rom swori arCevanis gasakeTeblad sakmarisi
sibrZne aRmogvaCndes~. rogorc gaxsovT, teqsti am abzaciT iwyeba.
mkiTxvelisTvis rogori ganwyobis Seqmnas cdilobs avtori? daasabuTeT.
SenarCunebulia Tu ara mTeli teqstis manZilze es midgoma?
ganmarteT, ra midgomaa es da raze migvaniSnebs igi?

2. daakvirdiT eses saTaurs. saxelmZRvanelos I TavSi moZebneT rezo yaralaSvilis teqsti
saTauris poetikis Sesaxeb da gadaxedeT. ras ityviT, Tqveni azriT, ratom daasaTaura
alenma ase Tavisi ese?
detalebis xelovneba
TiTqmis yoveli abzaci erTi da imave principiTaa agebuli _ iwyeba seriozuli proble-
mis dasmiT da mTavrdeba xumrobiT. teqstSi moZebneT da samuSao rveulSi amoiwereT am Tval-
sazrisiT yvelaze saxumaro monakveTi.
mokled, vudi aleni Tavis eseSi sistematurad awyvilebs tragikulsa da komikurs, Zalze
Rrmasa da Zalze msubuqs, vTqvaT, cxovrebis azris wvdomis maradiul problemasa da... sa-
kuTari Sarvlis zomas.
Tavidan bolomde xelaxla waikiTxeT ese da rveulSi amoiwereT yvela amgvari wyvili. da-
fiqrdiT, rogor efeqts axdens Tqvenze amgvari xerxi? xels giSliT Tu piriqiT, ukeTesad
aRiqvamT mwerlis saTqmels? ratom?
Tvalsazrisi
kidev erTxel waikiTxeT am Tavis Sesavali da SeecadeT igi eses ukeT gagebisTvis gamoiyenoT.
vudi aleni daaxloebiT ormocamde filmis avtoria. Tu aqamde arc erTi maTgani ar gi-
naxavT, SegiZliaT internetiT an sxva saSualebiT axla naxoT da avtoris pozicia eseSi ga-
movlenil msoflgancdas SeadaroT.
rogor fiqrobT, SegviZlia Tu ara vudi alenze vTqvaT, rom igi postmodernistuli
mgrZnobiarobiT Sepyrobili adamiania? ratom? Tqveni Tvalsazrisi CamoayalibeT we-

rilobiT.
Tqveni azriT, Cans Tu ara teqstSi epistemologiuri daeWvebis magaliTebi? daasabuTeT.
ras ityviT, ra mizans isaxavs teqstis avtori: cdilobs Seqmnili krizisidan gamosavali
monaxos Tu, ubralod, arsebuli situaciis dramatizebas axdens?
interpretacia
VI Tavi
Tezisebad amoiwereT yvela is problema, romelTa gamoc, vudi alenis TqmiT, erT gzas
sasowarkveTisa da sruli uimedobisaken mivyavarT, meores _ saboloo gadaSenebisaken. Tqveni
azriT, es problemebi Cvens sazogadoebasac awuxebs Tu ara? ratom?
330
§ II
avtoris Sesaxeb
dRidan sabWoTa imperiis Seqmnisa, masSi macxovrebeli arc erTi Tao-

ba ar yofila dalxenili _ sakmarisi gansacdeli yvelas xvda wilad. magram
laSa imedaSvili im Taobis qarTveli mweralia, romelic bavSvobidan mo-
wiful asakamde xedavda, rogor cdilobda sinamdvileSi ukve lpobaSepa-
ruli `borotebis imperia~ mTel msoflioSi Tavisi wesrigi daemyarebina;
mere rogor moirya, rogor dabarbacda da rogor daemxo da gacamtverda.
am masStabis kataklizmebi waruSlel daRs toveben adamianebis cnobiere-
laSa
imedaSvili baSi; msoflios istoriaSi aqcentebis aseTi radikaluri gadanacvlebani
Tanamedrove xSirad isrutaven da anadgureben mTeli Taobebis cxovrebas.
qarTveli ZiriTadad, amave Taobis mxrebze gadaiara yvela im ubedurebamac, rac
mwerali
`komunisturi saTburis~ daxSuli sivrcidan da xelovnurad Seqmnili ha-
`CemTvis mTavari
ambavia. me unda
vidan moulodnelad `bunebriv klimatur pirobebSi~ aRmoCenil saqarT-
giamboT raRac, veloSi datrialda.
ramac SeiZleba politikurad gaTavisuflebul Cvens qveyanaSi dRemde arsebuli to-
dagainteresoT.
mere SeiZleba aman
taluri krizisi sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis uklebliv yvela sferoSi is
raRac gafiqrebi- fenomeni aRmoCnda, romelmac Cvens cnobierebaSi Seqmna postmodernis-
noT, da ase unda tuli mgrZnobiarobisa da epistemologiuri daeWvebis qarTuli nairsa-
aebas Cveni urTi-
erToba~.
xeoba. dartymis qveS aRmoCnda tradiciuli faseulobebi. sakmaod rTuli
l. imedaSvili gaxda zomierebis dacva, fexi moikida nihilizmma.
laSa imedaSvili im mweralTagania, romelic axerxebs Tavi aaridos
uadgilo ukiduresobebs. misi moTxrobebi garda SemecnebiTi Rirebule-
bisa, romelic `qarTul postmodernizms~ Tavidanve daebeda, sasiamovno sakiTxavicaa, rac
sakmaod iSviaT sinTezs warmoadgens.
laSa imedaSvili
mwerlobis imitacia: saeWvo biografiis kaci

(moTxroba ibeWdeba SemoklebiT)
Tbilisi ise iwva sibneleSi, rogorc mkvdari kuboSi.

Rame weras sxva fasi aqvs. ukuneTSi Sav, nabeWd asoebs idumal samosSi axvevs da ukidegano
sivrceSi daaqanebs. TiTqos siCumemac icis kiTxva. gatrunuli misCerebia saintereso ambavs
da mTxrobelis azris Tamam ganavardebas xels arafriT uSlis. yvela mkiTxvelis satrfo —
siCume, mxolod furclis Srialis xmas inaxavs da amiTac uzomod kmayofilia.
kompiuteri epidemiasaviT moedo qveyanas. sityva amoagdo, azri gaaqro da grZnoba dai-
mona. mocimcime, patara ekrani umetesobisTvis Svilze utkbesi Seiqna da kacobis sazomi vin-
Cesterisa Tu modemis siZliere gaxda. vinc kompiuteri ver SeiZina, ver Seewyo, anda sulac
VI Tavi
araferSi sWirdeboda, iqiT mxares aRmoCnda, sadac udabno mefobda da arasodes araferi xa-
robda. wigni miiviwyes, gaaqres da bolos, rogorc usargeblo ram, xmarebidan amoiRes. erTs
meore mohyva da axla, kompiuteris codnis gareSe, samsaxurSic aRar iRebdnen.
simarTlis Tqma sjobs da nikasac usaqmuri erqva. saqme ki hqonda, raRacas werda, igonebda,
gamoqveynebac daapira, magram CvenTan am wvalebas saqmes aravin eZaxda da arc aravis sWirdeboda. 331
gasakviria, magram nika samsaxurSic dadioda. TveSi ramdenjerme Seivlida da momaval xel-
fasamde gauCinardeboda. es arc mas anaRvlebda da arc mis ufrosobas, radgan misi anazRaureba
swored amgvar periodulobas iTvaliswinebda. mokled, biujetze ijda. ginda Cvens biujetze
mjdarxar da ginda vulkanze, es nikas kargad esmoda, amitomac sul imis fiqrSi iyo fuli
rogor eSovna.
am fiqrma telmanasTan miiyvana.
— telman, bredberi1 gaxsovs?
— eg romeli?
— raRa romeli, erTi iyo, rei.…
— smutnad maxsovs, ra hqonda?
— bevri rame, magram yvelaze magari mainc is iyo, oTxasormocdaTerTmeti farengeitiT2.
— wignebs rom agroveben.
— ki ar agroveben, wvaven.
— jer xom unda moagrovon, aba rogor dawvaven?
— ho ra, agroveben da wvaven. qaRaldi iwvis mag temperaturaze.
— marTali xar, gamaxsenda, ocdaaTi maneTi Rirda, moskovidan momqonda, pastaiani muSta-
ri yavda, atboi ar iyo klientebisgan.…
— ramdeni weli gavida?
— bevri,… magram Rirda.
— arc egrea, visTvis rogor.
— ara, mainc, imas xom jobia, naxe ra cxovrebaa, dvigaemsa.
— viTom?
ewevian, saubroben. bukinisti telmana da Tbiliseli nika. telmana nikas mosvlis mizezs
kargad xvdeba, magram saTqmels welavs, sityvas aburTavebs. telmanas daejereba, telmanam wig-
nis fasi icis. adre veraze, sastumros pirdapir, wignis maRazia hqonda. misi ar iyo, magram
rogorc sakuTars, ise eqceoda. Sovna, CaliCi, Cawyoba, midi-modi. telmanas wuTiT ar asveneb-
dnen. saWiro sia hqonda, telefonis nomrebi, SekveTebi. saqme saaTiviT aawyo, arc ufulobas
uCioda da momavals iseTi imediT Sescqeroda, rogorc gviani Svilis kmayofili mSobeli niWier
bavSvs.
mere ra moxda, wesierad veravin gaigo. wignis maRazia gaqra, sastumromac gaurkveveli
ieri SeiZina. bevri sxva ramec Seicvala da yvelaferi erTmaneTSi airia. mxolod telmana idga
Zveleburad, ra barigac iyo, im barigad darCa.
wigns yavli gauvida Tu ara, antikvarze gadavida, arc naxatebze ambobda uars da arc Zvir-
fas qvebze. Tumca pirveli siyvaruli dasaTmobad mainc ver gaimeta da gamosavali aqac gamonaxa.
samuzeumo eqsponatebs, iSviaT xelnawerebs, daumTavrebel leqssa Tu moTxrobas, pirad weri-
lebs, sasiyvarulo baraTebs kapikebad yidulobda da sarfianad yidda. axali sia gauCnda, mo-
biluric SeiZina da SekveTamac imata. marTalia, am saqmiT bolomde welSi ver gaimarTeboda,
magram erTs meores miumatebda da sakuTar natvrasTan misasvlel gzas erTiorad Seamoklebda.
ocneba telmanasac hqonda. sul gaqcevaze eWira Tvali da sxva sacxovrebelic didi xania Ser-
Ceuli hqonda.
mere saqme kidev ufro gauadvilda, mere nika gamoCnda.
— telman, vin aris?! — es ukve telmanas colia.
telmana saerTo ezoSi cxovrobs. ezos SuagulSi mdgari samezoblo onkani, rogorc yo-
velTvis, axlac wveTavs da misgan Camonadeni wyali damskdari asfaltis RarebSi ikargeba. Savad
VI Tavi
1
rei bredberi (daib. 1920 w.) _ amerikeli mwerali, xSirad fantastikis metrs uwodeben.
2
igulisxmeba rei bredberis fantastikuri anti-utopia `451 gradusi farengeitiT~ (Targmnilia
qarTulad), romelic pirvelad 1953 wels gamoica. romanis saxelwodeba momdinareobs qaRaldis qimiuri
Tvisebidan _ farengeitiT 451 gradusze (celsiusiT 233 gradusze) mas cecxli TavisiT uCndeba. romanSi
aRwerilia totalitaruli sazogadoeba, romelic efuZneba masobriv kulturas da momxmareblur az-
332 rovnebas, romelSiac yvela wigni unda daiwvas.
SeRebili, gasaSrobad gamofenili Sarvlebi, maisu-
rebi Tu perangebi isedac patara gasasvlels mTlad
aviwrovebs da Semosuli stumari am siSaves veRarsad
gaurbis. saxli aRar Cans, magram nikam isedac icis,
telmanas fanjara iqve, pirvel sarTulzea. Ria sar-
kmlidan karaqiani borSCis suni gamodis da adamians
maxrCobela gveliviT gudavs.
— telman, vin aris?! — imeorebs coli.
— aravin, gazis sCotCikze movidnen.
— wina kviraSi xom iyvnen, raRa undaT?! — raRacas
eWvobs telmanas coli.
— mec eg ar mikvirs. — mxrebi aiCeCa telmanam. —
naxaven da wavlen.
telmana sakuTar Semosavals, mTavrobaze metad,
cols umalavda, amitomac xis moryeuli aivnidan sa-
naxevrod gadmoiwia da nikas uCurCula:
— moitane?
— ara. — Tavi gadaaqnia nikam. — ori dRe mWirdeba,
sxvagan maqvs Senaxuli, saxlis patrons velodebi.
— ori dRe?! ori dRe ra ambavia, klientebi melodebian, imaT ra vuTxra?
— raxan giTxari ori dRe, ese igi ori dRea saWiro. — aRelda nika. — ar mogwons, Sen iqiT, me
aqeT, amis muStars me TviTon movnaxav.
— ori, tak ori,… CvenSi eg ra salaparakoa. — molba telmana, gaiRima da xelebi gaSala. —
mainc ra iSovne egeTi, aRar ityvi?
— mixeil javaxiSvilis biografiaa, sakuTari xeliT dawerili.
— va?! — telmanam Wkviani kacis saxe miiRo.
— ra va?! — CaeZia nika.
— am saqmeSi davberdi, eg ar gamigia.… prosto ar aris, im kacs egeTi rame ar dauweria.
— Sen ra ici?! — gabrazda nika. — cixeSi dawera, mere nadzorma Seinaxa, mere im nadzoris
SviliSvili Cemi mezobeli iyo, mere wasakiTxad momca, mere bina gayides da gadavidnen, egre
damrCa.
— aRar moukiTxiaT?
— ara.
— eg Tu naRdia, xalxi myavs magaSi magar fuls gadaixdian. Senc kargad ixeireb da mec.
— naRdi ra? siafandi rame rodis momitania? — Seutia nikam.
— ise mal-male mogaqvs, rom me, greSnim delom vifiqre, meTqi nikuSa xom ar wers-Tqo,
TviTon… Sen adre xom werdi raRaceebs, vmolodosti?
— me ras vakeTebdi ra Seni saqmea?! — telmanas sityvebi nikas gulze moxvda. — egre wera rom
SemeZlos, exla aq vidgebodi da Sen SegaWmeinebdi nervebs?! magaze ar gifiqria?!
— rogor ara,… hoda rom vifiqre, mec toCnad egeTi rame gamomivida.…
— Sen raRac Zalian eWviani gaxdi am bolo dros. — dauyvava nikam.
— Cemi brali ar aris, vremia takoe... eg rom vifiqre, mere mTeli dRe sam sebia proklinal...
detmi klanus...
— moeSvi mag bavSvebs, RmerTis mainc ar geSinia?! — datuqsa nikam.
— e... nikuS, do boga daleko...
VI Tavi
— me exla amdeni dro ara maqvs. — nikam Camwvari sigareti moisrola. — Cemi piroba xom
gaxsovs?
— maxsovs...
— zeg saRamos moval da mogitan.
333
— dila iyos, me sul saxlSi var. — telmanas suli win uswrebs.
— diliT ar gamova, saxlis patrons velodebi, xom giTxari, saRamos saxlSi iyavi, dagiZaxeb.
— kak skaJeS.
arada telmana marTalia.
nikam ambebis Txrobis meti araferi icoda. Cvens areul droSi sxva rom veraferi gaawyo,
isev am saqmiT gadawyvita Tavis rCena. sakuTari gverdiT gadado da sxvebis mibaZva daiwyo. ise,
rogorc mxatvrebi baZaven didi ostatebis xelwerasa Tu ferTa Sexamebas. ambavs isev TviTon
igonebda, sityva, Txrobis manera da wyoba ki imisi iyo, visac saguldagulod SearCevda xolme.
mcireTi daiwyo, ramdenime, TiTqmis ucnob mweralze waivarjiSa. nika aseT Sedegs ar eloda,
gaTamamda da saqveynod cnobils miadga. arqivSi dadioda, xelnawerebs Cahkirkitebda, sawerad
melans xmarobda da SeyviTlebul, daZvelebul furclebs iyenebda. mere telmanas daukavSirda.
Zvelma bukinistma fulis suni igrZno. ramdenime muzeums mihyida, erTi-ori biblioTekas da-
uTmo, danarCenebma ki kerZo koleqciebSi daides bina. nikas Tavis piroba hqonda, fuls ar
ekareboda. sarfiani garigebis Semdeg, ramdenime dReSi, telmana daTqmul Tanxas nikas anga-
riSze bankSi ricxavda. nikam amoisunTqa. marTalia, frTebs didad ver gaSlida, magram meore
dRis gaTenebis ise aRar eSinoda, rogorc uwin. sacaa manqanasac iyidda da zafxulsac umtkiv-
neulod gadaitanda. nikas mada gaexsna da telmanasTan siaruls mouxSira. telmana daeWvda,
verafriT gaego, Tu ra ganZisaTvis miegno nikas, magram bevri veraferi Sebeda da mis ganmar-
tebas dasjerda.
nika ase fiqrobs: ori dRe savsebiT sakmarisia, raRacas dawers, telmanas, rogorc naRds,
ise Seaparebs da gasamrjelosac gamohkravs xels. wera jer kidev axsovs da arc Semmowmebeli
hyavs vinme. mere ramdenime Tve daikargeba, telmana dawynardeba, eWvs gaeyreba da miviwyebuli
nikas danaxva ise gauxardeba, rogorc omidan dabrunebuli megobris. nika isev raRacas moigo-
nebs, gaixsenebs, miamsgavsebs da es saqmec iseve advilad gaiCarxeba, rogorc sxva yvela. amis
iqiT nikas Tvali ar swvdeba, momavalze ar fiqrobs, dRevandeli dRiT cxovrobs da is, erTi
dRe, misTvis mTel saukunes itevs.
ramdenime furclis dawera nikas arasodes uWirda:
`vzivar, vwer da vCqarob. dro ar iTmens. Cems dReebs miaqanebs, wuTebs daundoblad Te-
lavs da aravin icis Tu ramdeni amosunTqva Semominaxa gangebam. es ambavic bneli RamiT daiwyo,
rogorc sxva yvelaferi, maTTvis, visac maRalma RmerTma adamiani Searqva.…
mZime Rame mqonda, daburuli. avis mTqmeli sizmari vnaxe. gaTenebas aRar davucade, gareT
gamovedi da papirosic gamovayole. fiqrnarev siarulSi dro male gailia. Semodgomis Zala-
dakargulma mzem Tavi Semaxsena, gvarianad Semawuxa, wasvlaze mimaniSna. bedi aRar davcade da
mweralTa kavSirisken wavedi. baRSi Sevedi Tu ara, Cems axalgazrda megobrebs movkari Tvali,
skamze isxdnen, daRvremilebi iyvnen CemsaviT. iqauroba SevaTvaliere, vinme xom ar miTval-
Tvalebs meTqi, mivedi da gverdiT mivujeqi.
— cudad aris Cemi saqme.
— ratom, batono mixeil, ra moxda?!
— wuxel cudi sizmari vnaxe!

SemWidrovdnen da smenad iqcnen.
— ai ise, rogorc axla me TqvenTan vzivar da am baRSi vsaubrob, amave baRSi vijeqi da mwer-
lebTan vsaubrobdi. uecrad vestibulidan Semovida kurka da damiZaxa.
— es kurka vinRaa?
— ai, kurka, Cveni kurka, grigol orbeliani, generali...… Semovida grigoli, kibeebTan
gaCerda da Soridan damiZaxa...… ei, toklikaSvilo, modi aq!.. me maSinve wamovdeqi da gavyevi.
VI Tavi
Cemi saqme cudad iqneba.

vatyob rom ukvirT. imasac vatyob veraferi gaiges.
— vin toklikaSvili, batono mixeil?
— Cemi winapari toklikaSvili iyo.
334
— Cven ki gvegona Tqven adamaSvili iyaviT?
— ara, Cemi namdvili winaprebi javaxiSvilebi arian. Cems winapars, vinme javaxiSvils qarT-
lSi kaci Semokvdomia. iqidan gamoqceula, qiziySi gadmosula da iqauri gvari toklikaSvili
auRia. Semdeg, borCaloSi rom gadmovediT, iq adamaSvilis gvariT vcxovrobdiT. papaCemi xom
adama iyo da gvarad adamaSvili aviReT. me aRvadgine da davibrune Cveni gvari — javaxiSvili.
meramdened vyvebi am ambavs, TiTqos Tavs vimkvidrebde seminaristiviT, TiTqos fesvebs
vimagrebde. imdeni SevZeli, rom Tavad daviviwye, sxva ki SevaCvie Cemi gvaris JReradobas, magram
im erTma Ramem kurtnis muSasaviT naSromi sul wyalSi gadamiyara. wamsve wamovxti da patara,
damjere bavSviviT orbelians ukan avedevne. avedevne im kacs, romelsac naxevarze met saqmes
misi gvari dabadebamde gakeTebuls axvedrebda, me ki dRemde veraferi gamirkvevia, tokli-
kaSvili var, adamaSvili, javaxiSvili Tu samive erTad. finiasaviT gavyevi im kacs, romelmac
erTi xeiriani leqsic ki ver Seqmna, me ki, qarTulis armcodnem3, axali sunTqva Sevawie qarTul
sityvas, Cvens patara qveyanas gavuswari da jer axal evropas, ruseTs mivakiTxe, xolo Semdeg
ZirZvel evropasac vumtvrie saguldagulod Carazuli kari.
maS rad Camovyare yurebi? rad gavSeSdi? rad davmorCildi?
gvars davyevi, Tavads uari veRar Sevbede. gana SemTxveviTia is, rom warsul saukuneSi TiT-
qmis yvela Cveni goliaTi mwerali Tavadi iyo? am azris tyve var dResac da Cemi sizmaric swored
amis dasturia.
Cveni Tqo, rom vaxsene, araferi SemSlia. mxolod Cvenia da imitom. erTi muWa xalxi varT,
isic evropelebTan SedarebiT metad Rarib-Ratakni da Cveni mwerlobis CamorCenis erTaderTi
mizezic es gaxlavT. am mxriv Cveni bedi sazarelia. gadaavleT Tvali rukas da gaixseneT msoflio
kulturis mTavari gza — yovelive aRmosavleTidan wamovida: mecniereba, xelovneba, religia.…
es didi mdinare CineT-indoeT-Sua aziidan jer mcire aziaSi Camovida, Semdeg xmelTaSua zRvis
napirebs moedo, Semdeg laTinTa qveynebi aayvava da bolos evropis Crdilo-dasavleTsa da
CrdiloeTisken Seuxvia.
es mdinare saqarTvelos ascda. Cven mxolod talRebi gvergo. msoflio kulturis es mdi-
nare mudam zRvis napirebs misdevs. ramdenadac ufro grZelia romelime qveynis sazRvao xazi,
imdenad ufro Zlieria am xalxis saerTo kultura. ase iyo warsulSi, asea axlac da momavalSic
ase darCeba. gaixseneT Zveli saberZneTi, romi, CineTi, exlandeli inglisi, amerika da iaponia.
roca kolumbma axali qveyana aRmoaCina da kulturis centri Caketili zRvebidan okeaneSi
gadaitana, italiis sazRvao qalaqebma sajarod igloves TavianTi momavali daqveiTeba. maTi
glova da SiSi male gamarTlda. bevrma xalxma Seakla Tavi sazRvao gzebisTvis brZolas: saber-
ZneTma, finikeTma, karTagenma.… inglisma mouWra es gzebi Tavis mezoblebs, holandias, por-
tugalias, espaneTsa Tu safrangeTs da mxolod zRvebis wyalobiT daimkvidra dRevandeli
adgili. ukanaskneli msoflio omis saboloo saTavec aq aris. germaniasac isev inglisma mouWra
sazRvao gza. didi bazrebisken gawvdili marjvena da ruseTis gazrda, ganuwyveteli omebic —
petre dididan4 moyolebuli ukanasknel did omamde — gamowveuli iyo jer zRvis mopovebis,
Semdeg sazRvao xazis gafarToebisa da bolos Savi zRvidan gasvlis uZleveli wyurviliT.
Cvenc ase viyaviT. mudam vbaqibuqobdiT, ganumeoreblobas viCemebdiT, codva gamxelili

sjobia da mec bevri tyuili Tu marTali gadavxlarTe erTmaneTSi, xeli mivkari, wavaqeze da
yovlad usafuZvlo imedebi bairaRad vuqcie. vambobdi imas, rac ar unda meTqva, vaqebdi mas,
rac ar unda meqo, Tumca sxvas ki vwerdi, Sefarulad, sxva sityvaTa Crdil qveS. vinc am mimaluls
SeamCnevs da amoikiTxavs, umal mixvdeba, rom qarTuli mwerloba araTu Svili, mezobelic ki
arasodes yofila evropuli, didi mwerlobisa. Savi zRvis napirebze ar gaSlila da verc gaiS-
leboda msoflio masStabis civilizacia. mxolod berZnebma da genuelebma odnav STaberes mas
VI Tavi
suli, radgan xelSi eWiraT misi gasaRebic — bosforic da dardanelic. am mxriv porti zRvas
3
rusuli ganaTlebis miRebis gamo mixeil javaxiSvili axalgazrdobaSi marTlac cudad laparakobda
qarTulad. dedaenis xelaxla swavlis mizniT man karga xani icxovra Sida qarTlSi.
4
igulisxmeba petre I (1672_1725) _ ruseTis pirveli imperatori. mis saxelTanaa dakavSirebuli ru-
suli kulturis evropeizaciis dasawyisi.
335
udris maTTvis, visac es gasaRebi xelSi aqvs da Caketil tbad unda CaiTvalos imisTvis, vinc
mis napirebze saxlobs.
jer erTi: es zRva pataraa, SeumCnevelia, mikunWulia Tagvis sorosaviT, mowyvetilia msof-
lio gzebs. meore: misi gasaRebi mudam sxvis jibeSi ido. mesame: saqarTvelos aq mxolod erTi
mtkaveli alagi hqonda, da meoTxec: Cvenda saubedurod, qarTvelsac ebraeliviT eSinoda wylis.
ase avcdiT msoflio kulturis gzebs, radgan TviTon es gzebi ascdnen saqarTvelos. ar mjera,
viTom saqarTveloze didi savaWro gza gadioda, viTom dasavleTisa da aRmosavleTis aReb-
micemoba aq ixlarTeboda, viTom Sua aziidan mdinariT, kaspiis zRviT, mtkvriT, rioniT da
Savi zRviT didZali gadioda da Semodioda. ra Tqma unda, aseTi gza arsebobda, magram igi ufro
mTis biliks hgavda, vidre savaWro gzas da am daxlarTul, dawyvetil bilikebiT erTi muWa
saqonlis datrialebac Zlivs SeiZleboda.
sxva mxriv, TiTqos araferi gviWirda. niWierebiT sxvaze naklebni ar viyaviT, marTalia,
CvenSi qandakeba ver ganviTarda, musikaSi xalxuri simReris iqiT ver wavediT, mxatvrobaSi
kedlis saeklesio moxatulobas ver gavcdiT, magram maT sanacvlod literatura ganviTarda.
mainc vin? ra xalxia? saidan movidnen? gvar-saxelis CamoTvla telefonis cnobaris saqmea da
ara mwerlisa. erTis Tqma ki SeiZleba, evropelsa Tu russ, qarTulze metad, sakuTari saSualo
moTxrobis wakiTxva urCevnia. arada, es Cveni, yovelmxriv aRemateba maT saSualos: Canafiqric
kargia, ambavic mosawoni, gmiric gamaxsovrdeba da es yovelive formis iseT samosSia gaxveuli,
bevr russa Tu evropels SeSurdeba. maS ra xdeba? rad moikoWlebs yvela Cveni moTxroba,
romani, novela Tu esse? sad marxia ZaRlis Tavi? bevri gansja da fiqri amas ar sWirdeba. Tuki
raime moZraobs qveyanaze, Tuki raime sunTqavs, anda raime xdeba, erTi mizezi aqvs mxolod —
qali.
ara, qali rogor ar iyo Cvens mwerlobaSi, magram yvelasgan gansxvavebiT, Cveni dedakaci
Tavisufalia, TiTqmis mamakacis sworia. iyo dro, roca wera-kiTxvas da codnas ufro dedakaci
inaxavda da avrcelebda, vidre mamakaci. igive xdeboda CvenSic. roca qarTvel qals Cvens mwer-
lobasa da xelovnebaSi Tavisi wvlili Sehqonda, aRmosavleli dedakaci haramhanasa da CadrSi
ixrCoboda. Cadri arc evropam miiRo, Cvenc CamovixseniT, magram evropulma mwerlobam, Cad-
rTan erTad, qali samosidanac gaaTavisufla, Cven ki Cadrs gadavarCineT da masze uaresi xun-
debi davadeT. versad naxavT SiSvel sxeuls, vnebian kocnas, miCqmaluli grZnobis duRils.
mxolod SoriT alva, SoriT dagva, gauTavebeli wuxili da gaumxeleli saidumlo. amis gamo
vixarSebiT sakuTar wvenSi, verafriT gagvirRvevia sazRvari da verc evropis majiscemas av-
devnebivarT. did mwerlobas mamakacebi qmnian da mamakacebi kiTxuloben, am TamaSs ki Tavisi
wesebi aqvs. swored es iyo mizezi Cveni mwerlobis CamorCenisa, CamorCena ki mxolod sikvdil-
Tan varga.
iyo-Tqo vTqvi da araferi SemSlia. Cemamde iyo es yovelive. me gavaSiSvle qarTveli qalis
cxraklitulSi gamomwyvdeuli xilvebi, mis sulsac SemovaZarcve samosi da mis sxeulsac. ra
ucnauradac ar unda mogeCvenoT, es cxraklituli saSinelma sizmarma gamaxsnevina.
maSin yirimSi vswavlobdi. mwerlobas ar vfiqrobdi da qarTulTanac mwyralad gaxldiT,
TiTqmis damaviwyda. mSobliur enaze mxolod sizmrebs vxedavdi, es autaneli xilvebi maxse-
nebdnen Cems jilags da warmomavlobas. magram Tu aqamde Cems sizmrebs cudi araferi mohqonda
da piriqiT, sasiamovno Jruantelsac ki mgvridnen miviwyebuli ambebis SexsenebiT, im RamiT
yvelaferi Seicvala. Cemi saxli mesizmra. SigniT Sevedi, davirbine, magram veravis mivageni. am
satanjvelidan riJraJma mixsna. mTeli dRe ugunebod davdiodi, aSlili grZnoba ver movToke,
saqarTvelodan karga xania werili ar momdioda da esec mawuxebda.
saRamos amxanagebi SevikribeT. miRebuli amanaTi gavxseniT, sanovage amovalageT da magi-
das SemousxediT. saqarTvelodan gazeTebsac gvigzavnidnen xolme, axal ambebs swored aqedan
VI Tavi
vigebdiT. sanam sxvebi amanaTiT iyvnen garTulebi, me gazeTebis Tvaliereba daviwye, sxvadasxva
ambebi amovikiTxe da bolos erT gancxadebas wavawydi.
sofel sionSi didi ubedureba momxdara.…
Cems das, sofios, erTi axalgazrda kaci gadaekida da mosvenebas ar aZlevda. sofio wlova-
336
nebiT patara iyo, ToTxmeti wlis Sesrulda, magram gacilebiT mets miscemdiT. SesaniSnavi
tanis patroni, mosuli da jan-RoniT savse. mxolod erTi nakli hqonda, axlomxedveli iyo.
arc TviTon mSoblebs da arc sofios am kacze gaTxoveba ar undoda, amitomac mTxovnels uari
SeuTvales. kaci ar eSveboda da ojaxs Zalian awuxebda. Cvenebma sofios gaTxoveba daaCqares da
sxva kacze daniSnes. yvelaferi swrafad moxda da bevrma arc ki icoda es ambavi. is vaJi, sandro,
romelsac sofios SerTva hqonda gadawyvetili, im dros sofelSi ar imyofeboda, weraqvSi
iyo asuli da ormocs eswreboda. es ambavic iq gaigo. zomaze metad mTvralma qudi miwas daanarcxa
da gulSi SurisZieba Caido. mTvrali kacis sityvebs yuradReba aravin miaqcia. sandrom da misma
naTesavebma maSinve miatoves iqauroba da sionisken wamovidnen. gzaSi gegma Seadgines da sofios
motaceba gadawyvites.
saRamo iyo, rodesac viRacam garedan daiZaxa. dedaCemma maSinve icno is kaci, sofios rom
dasdevda, ar esiamovna, magram ar SeimCnia. Tofi mosTxoves, viTom sanadirod midiodnen. de-
dam Tofi gaitana, Tumca sanadirod wasvla gadaifiqres da Tofi maleve daubrunes. dedaCemma
Tofi CamoarTva, Tavis adgilas dahkida da azradac ar mosvlia misi gasinjva. veraguli gegmis
mTavari nawilic es iyo, mas daclili Tofi daubrunes.
sxvebma mamaCemis mojamagire dapatiJes da mTeli dRis ganmavlobaSi Rvinos asmevdnen, Tan
nel-nela Tavis badeSi iTrevdnen. es TaTari mojamagire kars Ria dastovebda, ZaRlebs gait-
yuebda, danarCenebi kidev mZinare qals xelSi aiyvandnen da gaitacebdnen. aseTi gegma daalages.
yvelaferi ise moxda, rogorc Caifiqres:
mojamagirem kari Ria datova, TviTon ki daiZina. gvian RamiT, ori SeiaraRebuli kaci Ro-
beze gadaZvra da saxlSi Seipara. radgan saxlSi mamakaci aravin iyo, Tavisuflad moZraobdnen,
oTaxebi moiares da mZinare deda-Svils Tavze waadgnen. kacebma deda-Svilis daSoreba scades,
magram araferi gamouvidaT. gamxecebulebma dedis mokvla amjobines, TavSi najaxi dahkres da
iqve gaaTaves.
axla sofios miubrundnen.…
sofio janmrTeli, Ronieri qali iyo. dedis sikvdils ayurebines, mis sisxlSi gaTxvares.
aman sul gadaria, Zalebi gauaTkeca, sawolis Tavs orive xeli magrad CasWida da logins zed
daakvda. ra ar scades, magram xeli verafriT gaaSvebines. dro gadioda, gegmebi efuSebodaT,
qals ki veraferi mouxerxes. isRa darCenodaT sakuTari tyavis gadarCenaze ezrunaT. gamxece-
bulebma sofioc sawols daakles, masac culiT gaupes Tavi.
xmaurze mTvral mojamagires gamoeRviZa, daxmareba scada, Tofic moimarjva, magram ras
isroda, imaT daaswres da mucelSi sasikvdilod dasWres. mkvlelebi gaiqcnen. sisxlSi mos-
vrili xelebi da gaSavebuli sulebi tyes Seafares, sibneles miugdes sajijgnad.
mojamagirem erTxans iwvala, mkvlelebis dasaxelebac moaswro, patieba iTxova da maleve
gardaicvala. saswrafod sadaxloSi kaci gagzavnes da es saSineli ambavi, mamaCems, sabas Seat-
yobines. iq ar vyofilvar, magram dResac Tvalwin midgas mamaCemis saxe. es ra daemarTa? rogor
daengra bednieri ojaxi? mere sikvdili?.. sikvdilsac xom gaaCnia? tiris da verca grZnobs,
cremlebi Camosdis da arafrad agdebs. cxeni nabijiT mihyavs da arsad eCqareba. dro iyo, freniT
midioda Sinisken, axla ki mococavda, rogorc Wia, rogorc welSi gawyvetili muxluxo.
cxovrebam Tavisi gziT waiyvana yovelive:

sofelSi pristavi amovida, xalxi dahkiTxa da oqmi Seadgina...
sabam col-Svili eklesiis ezoSi daasaflava...
patimrebi maSinve cixeSi waiyvanes. gzaSi wyali unda gaevloT, Sua wyalSi mkvleli orive
TvaliT uecrad dabrmavda. cixis magivrad saavadmyofoSi gadaiyvanes, sami Tve icocxla da
wamebaSi gardaicvala...
erT RameSi mamaCemi Rrma moxucad iqca.
am ambavs mimalavdnen, magram gazeTis wyalobiT mainc gavige. is ucnauri sizmaric amixda.
VI Tavi
ra unda meqna? guli Camwyda, fexqveS miwa gamomecala da tirilic veRar SevZeli. megobrebma
ar mimatoves, Cems gverdiT dasxdnen da CemTan erTad igloves. axalgazrdebi viyaviT da maSin
arayi mwuxarebis wamali gvegona. aryis smas Cveuli ar viyavi, magari sasmelebi arasodes miy-
varda, yvelas moekida, magram gansakuTrebiT Cemze imoqmeda. magrad davTveri, araferi max-
337
sovs, loginamde megobrebma mimitanes.
meore diliT saswavlebelSi unda wavsuliyavi. wesierad gamofxizlebuli arc ki viyavi,
rom locvebis wakiTxva momTxoves. aseTi wesi hqonda Cvens saswavlebels. RmerTma saSinlad
damsaja, TiTqos mxolod CemTvis moicala da me ki mis qebadidebas mTxovdnen. ra Tqma unda,
uari vuTxari. maswavlebeli ar momeSva, arc me davTme da maswavlebels iqiT Sevutie. direqtors
dauZaxes, magram es ambavi mainc keTilad dasrulda: Cemi ubedurebis ambavi rom gaiges, aRar
damsajes. me ki am satanjvelidan erTi gakveTili gamovitane: adamiani didi dardisTvis Tavi-
danve unda moemzados, Torem moulodneli Wiri da ubedureba Zneli gadasatania. aseTi dardi
aucileblad advilad gasress adamians...
mamaCemi urwmuno kaci iyo, arc RmerTi swamda da arc xati. vin icis, iqneb Cveni ojaxis
Tavze datrialebuli borbali swored amis gamoZaxili iyo. Tumca me ar gavtexilvar, muxli
ar momiyria da arc usityvo morCileba aRmiTqvams. rac sisxlSi gaqvs, imas veravin gaeqceva.
arc me vyofilvar gamonaklisi. maxsovs, skolaSi kargi mgalobeli gundi gvyavda. me da Cemi
megobari am gundSi vmRerodiT. eklesiaSi erTi tanad Zalian patara diakvani gvyavda, dilosi
erqva, metsaxelad pucika. misi galoba katis knavils Camogavda da xSirad davcinodiT xolme...
pucika tyuilad ar mixsenebia, araferi maviwydeba da yaSa lazare5 am diakvanis Targidan ga-
movWeri. ufro davadable, saxeze gavawiTle, xma mTlad davuwvrile, lafSi amovTxvare da epis-
kopos pavlesTan davamegobre. xom kargi wyvilia, me da Cemma RmerTma? im dRidan erTad dadian
da Tavis Sav-bnel saqmesac erTad akeTeben.
yvelgan qals veZebdi...
...Cvens irgvliv raRac uxilavi da saSineli Zala arsebobs. Seni neba dRemudam ebrZvis mas.
ar ginda Cavarde am uCinaris xelSi. ici, rom daiRupebi, magram, amave dros, grZnob da xedav,
rom is jadosnuri Zala TandaTan ise gizidavs daRebuli pirisken, rogorc mcuravis Tvali
izidavs moxiblul niblias. Senc nel-nela micurav daRebuli pirisken. hkivi, magram micocav,
kvnesi, magram mieTrevi. mwared ebrZvi sakuTar Tavs, Tumca amaod. isev mifofxav, mainc midixar...
ase vebrZole, wlebTan erTad, Cems Tavs da im daRebul xaxas, magram unayofod, radgan TaviT
fexebamde ukve gveleSapis kbilebSi viyavi gaxiruli.
me gamomicdia aseTi ram.
Tqven?
cnobismoyvare da dainteresebuli viyavi yovelTvis. yvelafers sakuTari xeliT unda Sev-
xebodi da sakuTari TvaliT unda menaxa. irgvliv yvelafers guldasmiT vakvirdebodi. fexze
myarad davdeqi Tu ara, Cemi warmomavlobis garkveva vcade. sabuTi TiTqmis ar SemorCa, aRarc
mTxrobelia vinme da amitom TeTri laqebis amovseba me viTave. rogorc gamocdili meZebari
ise mivyvebodi kvals da xavsmokidebul ambebs obs vaclidi. Cemda gasakvirad, aq mkvlelobac
vipovne, mimalulic aRmovaCine da Ralatis usiamovno SegrZnebac xelaxla gadavitane.
davbadebulvar sofel weraqvSi. iciT sad aris es sofeli? ar gecodinebaT da arc mikvirs.
Cven, qarTvelebs ar gvexerxeba Cveni patara miwa-wylis Seswavla. simarTle rom vTqvaT, Sesas-
wavlic araferia. es sofeli erTi Seuxedavi ramea, mivardnil adgilas gaSenebuli. iqaurebs
arc ki enaxaT rkinis gza, Cai, Saqari, navTis lampa, mosamarTle. iqauri erTi weliwadi sxvagan
gatarebul aT weliwads udrida.
axla rogor movxvdi am adgilas.
dedaCemi warmoSobiT qarTleli qali iyo, burnaZeebis gvaris STamomavali. batonma bur-
naZis ojaxi as maneTad mihyida weraqvis baton grigol baraTaSvils, romelmac es xalxi wa-
moiyvana da nasoflar adgilas daasaxla. grigolis gardacvalebis Semdeg misi memkvidre da
mamulebis patroni misi vaJiSvili, kola baraTaSvili gaxda. saSineli vinme yofila es Cveni
kola, sastiki da mkacri xasiaTis kaci. xalxs cudad eqceoda, awiokebda. banqosac TamaSobda,
VI Tavi
arc qalebs iklebda da valebs ver audioda. xSirad mamulidan miRebuli Semosavali ar hyofnida
da banqos TamaSis dros miwebsac Camodioda, agebda kidec. bolos iZulebuli Seiqna ruseTSi
gadaxvewiliyo, bolo dReebi iq gaatara da siRaribeSi gardaicvala. misi mamuli xelidan-
338 5
igulisxmeba m. javaxiSvilis moTxroba `lambalo da yaSa~.
xelSi gadadioda. bolos es mamuli videneevma iyida, mogvianebiT manTaSevs mihyida, imas kidev
revoluciam mouswro da yvelaferi cxvirSi amoadina.
mamaCemi warmoSobiT qiziyeli iyo. Tavidanve ucnauri xasiaTis yofila, aravis emorCile-
boda. dedis sikvdilis Semdeg mama-Svils Soris uTanxmoeba Camovarda. mamaCemma sofelSi ram-
denime Tavisnairi monaxa da iqaurobis mitoveba ganizraxa. iriJraJa Tu ara, RviniT datvirTul
urmebs gahyvnen. yvela gza, rogorc axla, maSinac qalaqisken midioda.
TbilisSi mamaCems aravin hyavda. samuSaos Sovna Wirda, xSirad naxevrad mSieri da umuSevari
dadioda. erT dRes kargi ambavi moutanes, sadRac qalaqgareT gza gahyavdaT da muSaxeli esa-
WiroebodaT. mama SulaverSi Cavida, iqauroba moewona da darCena gadawyvita. Tumca gzis gay-
vanas Tavi aarida. sami weli mebaRed muSaobda. am baRis patroni mdidari kaci iyo, baqoSi cxov-
robda da mxolod zafxulobiT Camodioda. ase rom, mTeli misi mamuli mamaCemis xelSi imyo-
feboda.
erT dResac, raRac saqmeze, weraqvSi mouwia asvla. kola baraTaSvilis ojaxSi ki am dros
misi da, maiko, imyofeboda, romelic vano meliqiSvilis meuRle gaxldaT. vano meliqiSvils
sadaxloSi saukeTeso mamuli da baRebi hqonda. ukeTes SemTxvevas verc inatrebda kaci. mamaCemma
maikos gacnoba gadawyvita, saTqmelad advilia, Torem rogor moaxerxebda amas, verc ki war-
moedgina. aqac gaumarTla. yvelaferi ise momxdara, rogor berZnul miTebSi, TiTqos mamaCemi
da misi megobrebi argonavtebi yofiliyvnen da ara jibegafxekili qarTvelebi.
kola baraTaSvils erTi buRa hyolia, daudegari da braziani, axlos aravis ikarebda. im
dResac ezoSi gamosula, aqeT-iqiT awydeboda da SiSiT veravin bedavda axlo misvlas. kolas
uTqvams, vinc am buRas daiWers, imas davasaCuqrebo. aba, aseT SemTxvevas xelidan vin gauSvebda.
mamaCemma da misma megobrebma gadawyvites am saqmisTvis miexedaT. didi wvalebiT kuTxeSi miim-
wyvdies, erTma rqebSi staca xeli, meorem kudSi, mamaCemi kidev zed Seajda da ise gaxedna. kola
kmayofili darCa. maikosac moewona es ambavi. ase gaicno mamaCemma maiko baraTaSvili. sityvas
sityva mohyva, mamam gabeda da samsaxuri sTxova. ramdenime xnis Semdeg mamaCemi Sulaveridan
sadaxloSi gadavida. aseTi mfarvelis xelSi male arnaxul warmatebas miaRwia, mebaRidan mamu-
lebis mmarTvelad gadaiqca da sabas gankargulebaSi Tavadis baRebi aRmoCnda, romelic sadax-
lodan privolnoemde grZeldeboda.
mada WamaSi modis...
weraqvis saxl-kari sadaxlodan karga manZiliT iyo daSorebuli. siaruli Wirda, gansa-
kuTrebiT zamTarSi. mamaCemma gadawyvita sadme qveviT, mTavar gzasTan axlos Camosuliyo. sau-
keTeso adgili SearCia. marTalia, dausaxlebeli iyo, magram bunebas araferi daewuneboda,
havac sanaqebo Canda. Tumca erTi winaaRmdegoba mainc rCeboda. es adgilebi saeklesio miwebad
iTvleboda da miwis misaRebad sinodis gadawyvetileba iyo saWiro, kerZo pirze gacema ki yve-
las warmoudgenlad esaxeboda. mamaCemma isev maikos mimarTa. Tavadis qalma uari arc amjerad
uTxra, danapirebi Seasrula da es adgilebi mamaCems daumtkicda...~
nikam gaagrZela:
`Cemi cxovreba ise aewyo, rom qarTulze metad rusuli vicodi. Svidi wlis skolaSi mima-
bares. axlo-maxlo arsad iyo qarTuli saswavlebeli, swavla yvelgan rusulad mimdinareobda.
bevri fiqrisa da gansjis Semdeg privolnoes saswavlebelSi mimiyvanes. mogvianebiT jelal
oRlis saswavlebelSi. es skola oTx weliwadSi davamTavre. mamaCems undoda naswavli agronomi
gamovsuliyavi. am dros winamZRvrianTkaris saswavlebeli gaixsna da mec iq aRmovCndi. gami-
Wirda, Cemma saqmem ukan daiwia. gamiZnelda sagnebis qarTulad aTviseba, verc megobrebi Sevi-
Zine, gviWirda saerTo enis gamonaxva. gamudmebiT damcinodnen, mizezi ar eleodaT: Secdomebs
ar mpatiobdnen, gamoTqmas miwunebdnen, araswori maxvilis gamo sicils mayridnen, amis gvir-
VI Tavi
gvini ki is iyo, rom rusapeta Semarqves. ucnauri xalxi varT qarTvelebi, ucodinarobasac
iseve vkicxavT, rogorc gadametebul codnas. calke sircxvili mwvavda, calke Tavmoyvareoba
mTelavda. enas klite davade, muStebi Sevkari da saidumlo mizani gulSi Rrmad Cavimarxe:
mtkiced gadavwyvite mSobliuri ena ise meswavla, rom pirveloba aravisTvis dameTmo.
339
siamayiT vambob, amas mivaRwie.
Cemamde ki...
qarTul literaturul enas qarTuli inteligencia qmnida da axlac igive qmnis. magram Tu
ram iryvneba da lpeba, esec umetesad masve unda miezRos. uflebac misia da pasuxismgeblobac.
am inteligenciis didi nawili TiTqos damunjda. enas ukidebs, borZikobs, wamebiT eZebs sityvas,
Zlivs poulobs da umalve hkargavs.
sityvac stilia.
misi metyveleba gaxma, moikrunCxa, daixlarTa, damZimda. aRarc sinaTle SerCa, arc
gamWvirvaleba, arc mkafioba da moqniloba. rac xuTi sityviT iTqmis, aTic ZlivsRa hyofnis.
amRvreuli da bneli metyveleba amRvreulive azrovnebis niSania. azri sityvas eZebs da
rom ver poulobs, Zalagamoclili farTxalebs da maxinjdeba. Cven mainc bednieri varT: erTi
mxriv, Cveni saliteraturo da saxalxo enebi ar gansxvavdeba, xolo meore mxriv, arc
dRevandeli da Zveli qarTuli gansxvavdeba didad erTmaneTisgan. magram xalxis erT nawils
qarTuli metyvelebis es ganuwyveteli jaWvic vera Svelis, maTTvis igi dawyda, daifliTa, man
TiTqos veRar zida samemkvidro ganZi da xelidan gaagdo. amaT aRarc TavianTi ena ician da arc
sxvisi. qarTulis umecarni qarTulsac awvaleben, TviTonac wvaloben da mkiTxvelsac
amaxinjeben. umecar, udiplomo eqims akrZaluli aqvs avadmyofis sxeulis mowamvla. droa
umecar mwerlebsac avaRebinoT xeli xalxis metyvelebis wabilwvaze.
mwerlis muSaobaze toms daswerda kaci. am ambavs ori mxare aqvs, teqnikuri da fsiqologi-
uri. teqnikurSi didi araferi yria, xolo Semoqmedebis fsiqologia grZelia da mosawyeni.
rac arsebobs metad cvalebadia, daudegari da Wreli. mravali mcdelobis miuxedavad, am mxriv
veraferi gairkva. axla teqnikis moSveliebas apireben. SemaZrwunebelia is dro, roca vinme
givi, guliko an Tundac varlami poets, kompozitors, mxatvars kefaze aparats miadebs da misi
azrebisa Tu landebis suraTs gadaiRebs. mjera, aseTi dro arasodes dadgeba, radgan aparati
monadiresaviT daafrTxobs nadirs _ azrs, xibls, saxes, vinaidan Semoqmedeba da siyvaruli
metiCara meTvalyures Tanabrad gaurbian.
ra masala ufro mSvelis: avtobiografia, dakvirveba, wigni Tu Canawerebi? yvela erTad,
cal-calke ki arc erTi. yvelaze ufro saxifaTo mwignobruli masalaa. Tavisufali Semoqmedis
magier brma mimbaZveli xdebi.
dakvirveba da avtobiografia ganuyrelad aris erTmaneTSi CaxlarTuli. gancdili Tu Tva-
liT nanaxi iseve ara hgavs mogonils, rogorc sulieri _ usulos. yvelas gadaxdenia raRac
ambavi, raRac unaxavs da ganucdia, magram yvela mwerlad ver ivargebs. usulo im Tilismur
qmnilebad ver gadaiqceva, romelic TviTonac hfeTqavs, jadosnobs da Cvenc gvaTrTolebs da
gvajadoebs. mwerals bevri iseTi ram sWirdeba, rac ukve icis mecnierebam da erTi iseTi ramec,
rac jerjerobiT, yvelasTvis uZlevelia da miugnebeli.
niWi da kidev niWi.
am mxriv me bednieri mwerali var. Zalian bevri mivlia, minaxavs, ganmicdia da gamigonia,
amitom avtobiografiuli duRabi sakmaod momepoveba.
Cemebis wlisTavze ar Cavsulvar. sionSi mogvianebiT davbrundi da isic sami dRiT. saxlSi
ver gavCerdi.
mamaCemi Cemi wamosvlidan aT dReSi gardaicvala. yirimSi veRar gavZeli, swavla mivatove
da saqarTveloSi Camovedi. sions dasamSvidobeblad mivakiTxe, vicodi aqeT arasodes davbrun-
debodi. an ki ra mindoda? mSoblebis sisxliT moTxvril WerqveS saSineli landebi damkrTod-
nen Tavze da mosvenebas ar maZlevdnen. ase carieldeboda Cemi sulis saunje. xsna gaqcevaSi
davinaxe.
Cemi mimalva ocdaTxuTmet wels gagrZelda. arc maSin gamovCndebodi, erTi usiamovno am-
VI Tavi
bavi rom ara...

sionis macxovreblebs Cemi mSoblebis sagvareulo akldama daengriaT da masala mieTvise-
binaT. am saqmeze Cavedi sionSi. ase gamomcada RmerTma, sxva gansacdeli ar makmara da kidev
erTi momivlina. RmerTs da satanas Cemi guli aurCeviaT brZolis velad. neta gaaTaveben odesme
340
TavianT saSinel Widils?! neta erTma sZlios meores, mec movisveneb, magram mgoni, es gaSmage-
buli Cxubi maSinac ar gaTavdeba, roca suli amomZvreba. jerjerobiT ki ibrZvian dilidan
saRamomde da saRamodan dilamde. ZilSiac ki ar masveneben.
es brZola gansakuTrebiT RamiT aris mZafri da daundobeli. amitomac dRe mirCevnia Ra-
mes, muSaobac ufro gamomdis. RamiT azric da grZnobac foriaqiania, SfoTiani, mousvenari.
dRisiT ki dinjia, naTeli, dawmendili da mosvenebuli. RamiT naweris ritmi ufro swrafia da
maRali, magram, imave dros, saxifaToc aris da mavnebelic. zogjer Rame gamitexia, magram meore
dRes aRar vvargebulvar. gmirTa saxe loginSi Cagyveba, gjijgnis, gwuravs, gawamebs. tvini
momarTuli saaTiviT muSaobs, aRar gemorCileba, viRac Tu raRac tyved gipyrobs da cocxiviT
dagaTrevs. jansaRi Sroma mxolod dRisiT SeiZleba, vinaidan dRisiT Sen TviTon imorCileb
im viRac qveSecnobils da mtkice xeliT migyavs igi, rogorc gamocdil mxedars Tavgamwevi
cxeni, RamiT ki aRviri miSvebulia da gadareul cxeni ugzoukvlod gaborialebs.
mec xSirad gavutacnivar gagiJebul cxens. adre Tu masalas me davdevi, axla TviTon is
damdevs da gamocdilebiT vici, kidev didxans unda mdios da mawvalos. am mxriv miTiur arsebas
vgavar, romelmac grigali gamoiwvia da veRar daawynara.
netav ra undaT Cemgan Cems gmirebs! mosvenebas RamiTac ar maZleven. yvelgan Tan damdeven,
mawuxeben, Zils mifrTxoben, mekamaTebian da medavebian. isini xom me gavacocxle, me Cavudgi
suli da guli da axla, yvelani erTad rom wamoiSlebian da alaparakdebian, aRar vici, romel
erTs davemalo. saSinlad mZiZgnian. Cems oTaxSi Segrovdnen da sasamarTlo gamimarTes. avtors
asamarTleben misi nawarmoebis gmirebi. ra dRes damayrian, ramden sayvedurs metyvian. vin icis.
ZilSi SfoTvas viwyeb. Znelia maTTan Sexvedra da gabaaseba. uTuod romanis Tu moTxrobis
gagrZelebas iTxoven, an sxva cxovrebas, an sxva pirobebs.
saTqmeli marTlac bevri aqvT.
yovelTvis Zlieri, vaJkacuri bunebis qalebi momwonda. bevri veZebe, magram versad miva-
geni. dedaCems vadarebdi mudam, romelic qarTveli qalisa da dedis gansaxiereba iyo. vecade,
magram araferi gamomivida, usicocxlo qali ki me ar mizidavda. amitom sadac mivwvdi, samosi
Semovaglije, gulis siRrmeSi mimaluli natvra banze gadmovafine, qveyanas davanaxe: mxolod
qarTveloba veraferi Svilia, aravis vjobivarT da Cveni sanaqebo qalebic iseve dnebian alersis
dros, rogorc rusi, frangi Tu poloneli mandilosnebi.
aba ra gasakviria qalebma Tu sasamarTlo momiwyves.
gaxsovT upatrono nuca?6 upatrono me davarqvi, Torem kargi patroni iSovna. Tavidan
gaipranWa, Zalac daxarja, Tumca kargad icoda, rom batonTan araferi gauvidoda. maS rad kek-
lucobda, rad nabavda Tvalebs? qali iyo da imitom, rom isic iseve miqroda kocnisken, rogorc
sxva yvela. Tavidan ulvaSebis Sexeba euxeSa, gamoparvac moaxerxa. Semdeg Sexvedraze didad
aRar gadauklia Tavi. cota xnis Semdeg susti nuca batonis mklavebSi esvena da aRarc ewinaaR-
mdegeboda. sul male nucam Tavisi movaleoba ise kargad Seiswavla, rom batonis oTaxSi Sesvlisa
da iqidan gamosvlis dro danamdvilebiT icoda. kargad cxovrobda Cveni nuca, mosamsaxuris
kvalobaze araferi aklda da mxolod maSin daiRupa, rodesac Zlier mamakacs moscilda da
viRac pavles misTxovda.

axla irinec7 gavixsenoT. Tvrameti wlis, kakanaTSi gabmuli Citi. irines goneba ereva, ma-
makacTa saxelebi ijaWveba _ Salva, sandro, Jan Soveri. romelia umTavresi? irinem amis gagebas
mTeli cxovreba Sealia. Salvas kocnaze fiqrobs, Tumca wamsve aviwydeba misi civi sisxli da
Janis mklavebSi hpovebs netarebas. adre Tu Salvas ambori uzenaes siamed eCveneboda, axla
kargad gaigo, rom arsebobs undili mTxveva, wminda ambori, vnebiani kocna, giJuri loSna da
mxecuri kbena...
irinem yvelaferi dahkarga, araferi SerCa, gaTelili grZnobebis garda. axla zis da werils
VI Tavi
swers, im mesames, visi imedic SemorCa: vici, Cemo sandro, Cemo erTav! dedakacs araferi ar
gamoepareba, am werilSi Tu aRsarebaSi Zalian bevrs amoikiTxav. Cven mudam samni viyaviT: me,
6
igulisxmeba m. javaxiSvilis moTxroba ùpatrono~.
7
igulisxmeba m. javaxiSvilis moTxroba `mesame~.
341
Jani da Tqven. Cemi Tavi rom ar viangariSoT, Tqvenc samni iyaviT: Jani, sandro da Salva. magram
Salva saangariSo aRar aris, is mudam iyo da arc iyo. sul erTia, mainc mesame Tqven xarT, mesame
da ukanaskneli.
iqneb mkiTxoT: warsulSi vin viyavi TqvenTvis, am werilidanac moCans, magram exla vina
var? axla ras metyviT?
Tvrameti wlis qalwuli xom ara var, rom avcqmutde da avforiaqde. yvelani amboben da
Senc miTxari, metismetad civi da TavdaWerili qvrivi xaro. me mainc getyvi, amJamad aq rom
myavde, advilad dagarwmunebdi, rom Cemi sicive dagwvavda, dagWrida, gagagiJebda...
sabralo irine, cxovrebis gakveTili ver miiRo, azri ver gamoitana, mainc iqiTken midis
da sxeuli sxeulisken ezideba, radgan is raRac masze Zlieria da cxovrebis gakveTilebs araf-
rad dagidevs.
sabralo irine...
zogjer ise mitacebda sxeulTa gadaxlarTva, SiSvel xorcTan Widili, rom bevri moTx-
roba dausrulebeli da koWli gamomivida. daxedavda kaci da TiTqos yvelaferi Tavis adgilze
hqonda, magram moZraobas iwyebda Tu ara, rogorc xeibari ise iSleboda da kidurebs Tavs veRar
uyrida. me amas vgrZnobdi, vxedavdi, sxvebic amCnevdnen, magram saCoTiro Temaze saubars eri-
debodnen da umniSvnelo sakiTxebze medavebodnen.
erT dRes gadavwyvite, rac ki qalis Sesaxeb msmenia, ganmicdia Tu maxvili mzeriT sxvasTan
SeminiSnavs, erTad Semekra, erT arsebaSi gamecocxlebina da susti sqesis erTgvari enciklo-
pedia Semeqmna.
es tvirTi CemTvisac mZime iyo da misTvisac. saTaurma sxva yvelaferi mikarnaxa. `qalis
tvirTi~ davarqvi.
swored am dros, Cemda saubedurod, papirosis wevas Tavi davanebe.
vidre veweodi, araferi miSavda, axla ki Zalian gamiWirda. kalami aRar memorCileboda,
yovel striqonze imdens vwvalobdi, ise vakowiwebdi erTmaneTs, rogorc cudi oqromWedeli.
bavSviviT anCxli da mouTmeneli gavxdi, xasiaTi Semecvala, veRaravin mcnobda. Cemze yvelaferi
moqmedebda, yvelaferi maRizianebda. mivujdebodi magidas, aviRebdi xelSi kalams da iwyeboda
Cemi tanjva-wameba. fiqri miWirda. sadRac ukvalod gaqra Cveuli simsubuqe, misi adgili iseTma
Zalam daiWira, romelmac magrad CasWida xeli Cems sulsa da fiqrebs, daimona Cemi nebisyofa
da azrebi. nebas ar mrTavda, rom Zaladautaneblad erTi striqoni mainc damewera. irRveoda
naweris ritmi, yvelaferi erTad ise mifuWebda xasiaTs, rom sicocxle aRar mindoda. nel-
nela Savi azrebic Semomeparnen da Cems oTaxSi mourideblad mohyvnen bolTis cemas. gonebaSi
patara eSmaki Camijda, Cems, skamze gadakidebul pijakze mimaniSnebda da dausruleblad erT
kiTxvas maZlevda: aba, miTxari, romelia mixeili, eg Tu Sen?!
mivxvdi, xsna mxolod papirosSi iyo. savse kolofisken uxmod waviRe xeli, dinjad, auCqa-
reblad gavxseni kolofi, papirosi amoviRe da movukide.
saocari gardatexa moxda. im wuTidan yovelive Cveul kalapotSi Cadga. kalams Zveli Zala
daubrunda. ukvalod gaqra is urCxuli, romelic mZime lodiviT mawva da fiqris saSualebas
ar maZlevda. TuTunis gadagdebaze ocnebas sabolood moveSvi. rom ar damviwynoda, ramdenime
sityva davwere da magidaze, TvalSi mosaxvedr adgilze davde: roca papirosis wevas Tavs vanebeb,
ar vici, am dros ra memarTeba. mTlianad SeboWili var. fiqris Tavic ki ara maqvs, kalmis wverze
ki TiTqos viRac zis da saSualebas ar maZlevs, rogorc minda ise movixmaro. zis magrad da
xels ar manZrevinebs. am dros me TviTon veRar vcnob Cems Tavs. sul sxva adamiani vxdebi. Zirs
uTuTunoba! arasodes gauwio winaaRmdegoba cdunebas. gamoscade yvelaferi da magrad CasWide
xeli mas, rac SenTvis sasargeblo aRmoCndeba.
VI Tavi
am WidilSi erTi saqme gamifuWda. abneuli goneba muSaobisken veRar mivmarTe, romani da-
zaralda, `qalis tvirTi~ dausrulebeli gamomivida. mas Semdgomi daxvewa da damuSaveba sWir-
deboda. kargad vxvdebodi, es marcxi iyo da ara win waweuli nabiji. Secdomas Secdoma mivayole
da romani nawil-nawil davbeWde, am naklis gamosworeba veRar SevZeli.
342 rac iyo iyo.
Cemi gmirebis wyalobiT qalebi Tavis mesaidumled mTvlidnen. didi simpaTiiT vsargeb-
lobdi qalTa sazogadoebaSi. qalis pativiscema mec vicodi.
erTxel vinme firuzovma mimipatiJa. saxlSi wveulebas marTavda. aRar maxsovs es firuzovi
sad muSaobda, magram fulic hqonda da gavlenac. vaxSami Zalian gagrZelda. stumrebs Soris
aziuri cekvebis ubadlo Semsrulebeli, lisicianis qalic iyo. cekvis Sesruleba vTxoveT,
gaiRima da me mommarTa: wamobrZandiT meore oTaxSi, me minda marto TqvenTvis vicekvoo. me
gavuRime da usityvod gavyevi. SiSi ar mqonia, me xom zustad vicodi maTi gonebis svla da erTi
nabijiT yovelTvis vuswrebdi. stumrebi ar Serxeulan, lisicianis qmaric ki mijaWvuliviT
ijda magidasTan, veravin gabeda wamodgoma, meore oTaxidan mxolod uzundaris xma esmodaT.
me karTan, skamze viyavi Camomjdari da aRtacebiT Sevcqerodi mocekvave qals da vtkbebodi
misi moZraobiT. is ki TavdaviwyebiT, gatacebiT cekvavda...
maxsovs, erTxel klubSi banqos vTamaSobdi. gansakuTrebiT preferansi miyvarda. ise Ca-
miTria qaRaldis TamaSma, rom werac mivatove, samsaxuri isedac ar mqonda. ar mimarTlebda da
TiTqmis yovelTvis vagebdi.
erTxel klubSi bal-maskaradis saRamo gaimarTa. yvelani nairfer tansacmelSi gadacmu-
lebi iyvnen da pirsaxeze niRbebi hqondaT gakeTebuli. kari SemoaRes, Cven karts vTamaSobdiT.
Tavi avwie da stumrebs Sevxede, TiTs miqnevdnen, meZaxdnen, gamosvlas mTxovdnen. mainc vagebdi,
magida mivatove da gavyevi. Tavidanve mivxvdi, rom Cemi motyueba hqondaT gadawyvetili. mar-
Talia, veravin vicani, magram Tavi ise daviWire, TiTqos kargi nacnobebi viyaviT. ver momatyu-
ebT, es fexsacmeli Tqvens saZinebelSi minaxavs-meTqi. guneba gaufuWdaT. ukbilo xumroba ga-
momivida, bevri fuli mqonda wagebuli da cud xasiaTze viyavi. mere Sevityve, es qali vinme
qavTaraZis meuRle yofila. qmris yuramde misula es ambavi da cudi dRe dasdgomia.
roca wera miZneldeboda, ase verTobodi, arafers viklebdi.
dro iyo Cvens sazRvrebs gavcdenodi. rusi mwerlebis nawarmoebebi evropaSi aTobiT ibeW-
deboda, qarTveli mwerali ki ucxoeTSi jer ar iyo gasuli. ramdenime Cemi moTxroba ukve
dabeWdili iyo _ frangulad, Cexurad, inglisurad, magram es sakmarisi ar gaxldaT. wigni iyo
saWiro. iseTi gmiri mWirdeboda, romelic maT daainteresebda, miiRebdnen da gaiTavisebdnen.
isev Cemi ubedoba damexmara.
erT saRamos vinme megreliSvili gavicani. es kaci vaWrobis dargSi muSaobda, samxedro
Stabis ukan erTi patara oTaxi hqonda, kantorad wodebuli, sadac Tavis komerciul saqmeebs
marTavda. rogorRac moaxerxa da damimegobrda, metic, Cemi ndobac moipova. erT dRes fuli
mTxova, saqmeSi unda Cavdo da kargi mogeba gveqnebao. miveci rac gamaCnda. dro gadioda, vals
ki ar mibrunebdnen. megreliSvils lamazi coli hyavda, ebraelis qali, kekluci da mimzidveli.
gamudmebiT ojaxSi mpatiJebda, erTgulebas, megobrobas meficeboda. Tavidan mec mjeroda
maTi, magram tkbili saubris iqiT saqme ar midioda. bolos davrwmundi maT TaRliTobaSi, guli
gamityda da Tavi mivanebe.
is fuli davkarge. Tumca Cems gonebaSi TaRliTis tipi iSva. es tipi ngrevis xanaSi STabeWdi-
lebas axdens, didi kombinatoria. misi Wkua da energia moZraobaSi ixarjeba, ormodan amovar-
deba, kldes gadaaxteba, badeebs dahglejs. normalur dros ki misi energia uqmia da sasaciloc.
kedlis magier SubliT haers angrevs, xramis nacvlad swor mindorze xtis, TevziviT farTxalebs,
fafxurobs, aliaqoTs qmnis da sxvebsac uSlis Sromas. aseTi tipebi axlac mravlad arian CvenSi.
ase daibada kvaWi8.
romani davbeWde.
mteri da moSurne arc manamde maklda, amis Semdeg ki maTi ricxvi gaaTkecda. zogma sakuTari
Tavi amoicno, zogma Tavisi mSobeli Tu naTesavi, zogi kidev imas naRvlobda, rom kvaWisnairi
ver gaxda da veraferi moigo. yvelas erTi mteri gamouCnda. medavebodnen yvelaferze, Cana-
VI Tavi
fiqrze, gmirebze, stilze, formaze, gansakuTrebiT mwerlebi aqtiurobdnen da TveSi or, sam
sasamarTlos mimarTavdnen. dasawyisSi Tavs vicavdi, imas vumtkicebdi, rac Cemze kargad unda
scodnodaT. arafris gagoneba ar surdaT, TiTqos dayruvdnen da dabrmavdnen. mivxvdi, es mxo-
8
igulisxmeba m. javaxiSvilis romani `kvaWi kvaWantiraZe~.
343
lod sababi iyo, mizezi sxvagan unda meZebna. Suri iyo maTi xati, daundobloba ki maTi salocavi
saxli. amas mivxvdi da kamaTs Tavi vanebe, Surs argumentebiT ver daamarcxeb.
morigi disputis dasrulebis Semdeg saxlSi davbrundi. ugunebod viyavi, vgrZnobdi, nel-
nela miaxlovdebodnen da sacaa momakiTxavdnen kidec. Cems samuSao magidasTan davjeqi, ca
varskvlavebiT iyo moWedili da mTvare dResaviT anaTebda aremares. Tbili da mSvidi saRamo
iyo. Cemda uneburad cas avxede. davinaxe, Tu rogor moswyda cas mozrdili varskvlavi. Tvali
gavayole da ratomRac ar mesiamovna, es ambavi sasikeTod ar meniSna, sadRac gagonili gamax-
senda: cidan mowyvetil varskvlavs rom dainaxav, kargis momaswavebeli ar unda iyoso.
mec ase mgonia.
magidis ujra gamovwie, patara kolofi amoviRe da davacqerdi. am kolofSi ilias gulidan
amoRebuli tyvia ido. es Zvirfasi ZRveni duSeTSi gadmomca daviT kobiaSvilma. es is kobiaSvi-
lia, romelsac duSeTis mazris gamomZiebelTan Tarjimnad umuSavia, ilia WavWavaZis cxedris
gakveTas daswrebia da uSualo monawile gamxdara mkvlelobasTan dakavSirebuli gamoZiebisa.
maSinac duSeTSi iyo, maswavleblobda, me ki dasasveneblad avedi. Zalian gauxarda Cemi naxva,
damimegobrda da swored man misaxsovra es nivTi. mogvianebiT nacnob oqromWedels kolofze
warwera gavakeTebine: `naadrevia Cemi sikvdili, me jer ar miTqvams Cemi saTqmeli~. xSirad amomi-
Ria es tyvia Znelbedobis Jams, davSterebivar, masTan misaubria da isev kolofSi Camibrunebia.
axlac ase moviqeci. bamba Semovacale, xelisgulze davide da sevdianad davacqerdi. gone-
ba gaminaTda, TiTqos es tyvia Tavad mkarnaxobda gzasa da gezs.
meore diliT gamomZieblis kari SevaRe.
_ me, mixeil javaxiSvili var, mwerali.
Sevatyve, ar gahkvirvebia. ukve miTvalTvalebdnen da albaT isic icoda, aqeT rom wamovedi.
Tumca mainc SeSfoTebuli Canda, aseT mdgomareobaSi yofnas Cveuli ar iyo da sityvas eZebda.
me davexmare.
_ Tavad gamovcxaddi.
_ vici vinca xarT, RamiT vapirebdiT TqvenTan mosvlas.
_ rad gadavdoT Ramemde? ukve aq var, saxelmwifosac davuzogav Tanxas, jamagiri, manqana,
sawvavi...
_ jamagirs Cven swored magaSi gvixdian, rom TqvenisTanebi gamogvyavs dRis sinaTleze.
saxelmwifoze rom gezrunaT, aseT romanebs ar daswerdiT.
_ TqvenTan sakamaTod ar movsulvar, daviRale amdeni Tavis marTlebiT, mxolod erTi saT-
xovari maqvs.
jibidan patara kolofi amoviRe da win davude.
daxeda, warwera waikiTxa da frTxilad axada Tavsaxuri.
_ es ra aris?
_ es is tyviaa, romliTac Tqvenianebma ilia WavWavaZe mohkles. minda rom Cemzec es tyvia
gamoiyenoT.
gamomZiebelma Tvali TvalSi gamiyara. uWirda pensnes kedlis ukan Cemi mzeris garCeva.
_ mwerali ki xarT, magram imdeni unda gesmodeT, rom am tyvias mxolod WianWvelis gasas-
resad Tu gamoiyenebT. nu RelavT, tyviebiT Cven mTavroba gvamaragebs.
vigrZeni damamarcxa. upiratesoba mis mxares iyo. me Tavi Cavqindre, Cems gatexvas aRara-
feri aklda. yurSi cinikuri xma Camesma.
_ kidev rames xom ar inebebT?!
_ wignebi... iqneb rame wignis Setanis ufleba momceT, Tavadve SemirCieT, qarTulad, rusu-
lad, Tundac frangulad, CemTvis sul erTia.
_ wignebis me araferi gamegeba, ai Cemi sakiTxavi literatura!
VI Tavi
gamomZiebelma xeli saqaRaldeebs dahkra, romlebSic patimarTa saqmeebi iyo Tavmoyrili.

Cemsasac movkari Tvali: `mixeil javaxiSvili _ saeWvo biografiis kaci~. msxvili, Savi asoebiT
ewera saqaRaldes. mivxvdi, xma aRar amomeReboda.
ra icoda gamomZiebelma Cemi da wignis sabediswero siyvarulis Sesaxeb. wigns pativs vcem-
344
di da saTuTad vepyrobodi. xelSi rom aviRebdi, tanSi Jruanteli damivlida, wamsve vgrZnobdi
Tu ra sifaqizisa da pativiscemis grZnobiT viyavi mis mimarT gamsWvaluli. wigns, romelsac me
vkiTxulobdi, verasodes naxavdiT savarZelze migdebulsa an miviwyebuls.
ganurCevlad yvela wigns ar vkiTxulobdi. yvelafris kiTxva wesad ar mqonda. Tavdapirve-
lad, wigns Tvals gadavavlebdi da Tu yuradRebas miipyrobda, maSinRa Sevudgebodi kiTxvas.
winaswar unda mcodnoda, Rirda Tu ara ama Tu im wignze drois dakargva. uintereso, mosawyeni,
mdare gemovnebiT dawerili wignis kiTxva, yovelTvis drois dakargvad mimaCnda. magram eg
adre iyo. axla? axla yvelaferze Tanaxma var, oRondac furclebi iyos da yda abjrad hqondes
Semoxveuli.
am saubris Semdeg sam kviraze meti gavida, magram wigni CemTvis aravis moutania. mxolod
erTxel, Cemi arsenaTi9 moxiblulma zedamxedvelma Cumad, yvelasgan malulad, aTiode fur-
celi da fanqari gadmomca, Tan mokrZalebuli Txovna daamata, iqneb Cvenze, zedamxedvelebzec
daweroT rameo. sxva ra gza mqonda, Sevpirdi. rogorc eqimi eqimobs yvelgan, mweralic yovel-
Tvis da yvelgan unda mwerlobdes. jerjerobiT mis mocemul furclebs viyeneb, imedia kidev
damimatebs.
manamde ki vwer.
dro ar mindobs, Seubraleblad anadgurebs Cems Canafiqrs da Cems sityvebs ise dastrialebs
Tavze, rogorc qori upatronod mitovebul wiwilebs...~
nika maSin aiyvanes, roca bankSi fulis asaRebad mivida.
saqme ase yofila: qarTveli emigrantis STamomavals, aseve emigrants, telmanasgan ori
Zveleburi suraTi, oric xati da raRac wvrilmanebi uyidia. am wvrilmanebSi mixeil javaxiSvi-
lis xelnaweric moxvda. Cvens mebaJeebs an kargad eZinaT, anda sulac gamouZineblebi iyvnen,
yvelas gasakvirad gajiutdnen da stumars saTanado sabuTebi mosTxoves. rac ar hqonda ras
miscemda, adga da telmana daasaxela. telmanas bevri aRar ufiqria da, sxvebTan erTad, xeli
nikasac daado.
nikas fuli ar hqonda. ufuloebisTvis ki sasamarTlo arsebobda, romelic mtyuan-mar-
Tals erT qvabSi xarSavda. bevri iZaxa nikam, rac mand weria yvelaferi Cemi mogonilia, mixeil
javaxiSvils araferi ekuTvnis, mxolod CemTvis, gasarTobad davwere, arc kanonis darRveva
mindoda da arc vinmesTvis gulis tkenao, magram yuri aravin Seibertya. saqme gaxmaurda, nikas
arqivsa da biblioTekaSi xSiri stumroba gauxsenes da radganac, procesze, nikas mier gayiduli
sxva dokumentebic amotivtivda, saxelmwifo qonebasa da samuzeumo eqsponatebis qurdobaSi
dasdes brali.
ase daiwyo nikam axali cxovreba.
istoriam mxolod ori rame aswavla kacobriobas: erTi is, rom yvelas mokvla SesaZlebelia.
meore is, rom adamiani yvelafers eCveva. nika meore jgufSi moxvda, ase rom, nikac mieCvia.
marTalia, Tavidan gauWirda, magram nel-nela iqaurobas alRo auRo.
nikam Tavi imiT Seinaxa, rac yvelaze kargad icoda. ambebs yveboda. cota istoria, cota
gamonagoni, cota Wori. es yvelaferi ki daaxloebiT ase JRerda:
adre ufro cxeloda xolme. maSin amdeni damsvenebeli ar iyo da kojorSi avdiodiT gasag-
rileblad. exla vin viyaviT: me, galaktioni, Cveni gala ra, ticiani, paolo, kidev viRaceebi
iyvnen, aRar maxsovs. saRamoobiT karts vTamaSobdiT xolme, gansakuTrebiT preferansi gviy-
varda. ho, kidev mixeil javaxiSvili iyo, magram imas ar vaTamaSebdiT, sul agebda da gastumreba
uWirda. galaktions cudad mosdioda, palasa hqonda egeTi. maxsovs erTxel veubnebi: ise ro-
gora xar, ra xdeba-meTqi, Zmao gala?!
mere iman rao, ixuvles patimrebma.
rao da.. eo, Cemo nikuS, meubneba, znal bi prikup, Jil bi vsoCio.
VI Tavi
vai! amoigmina yvelam erTad, afsusi ar aris, eg miwaSi iwves da Cveni reJimis ufrosi haers
afuWebdeso?!
egeTi ambebi TiTqmis yoveldRe xdeboda.
9
igulisxmeba m. javaxiSvilis romani àrsena marabdeli~.
345
nikam ise gaiTqva saxeli, rom mis mosasmenad cixis administraciac modioda. am dros gan-
sakuTrebuli mondomebiTa da pasuxismgeblobiT ekideboda saqmes da mizanSi yvelaze saxelo-
van adamianebs amoiRebda xolme. nika Txrobas iwyebda SoTa rusTavelis saflavze, ilia WavWa-
vaZis mkvlelobaze, ivane maCablis gauCinarebaze, tyuilsa da marTals erTmaneTSi xlarTavda
da arc sakuTar Tavs iviwyebda. marTalia, misi funji yovelTvis mxatvrisas ver utoldeboda,
magram kargi mRebavis saxelic ar iyo xelwamosakravi.
erTi ramis eSinoda mxolod:
movidoda vinme misnairi, daujdeboda gverdiT, moismenda nikas saocar naambobs, Tvalebs
moWutavda da damcinavad hkiTxavda:
_ maliari xar, biWo?!
saubari
SegaxsenebT:
am Tavis dasawyisSi warmodgenili amerikeli reJisorisa da mwerlis vudi alenis teqstSi
areklilia is krizisuli situacia, romelSic dRes zogadad mTeli dasavluri kacobrioba
imyofeba. es aris mdgomareoba, romelsac Cveulebriv axasiaTeben xolme rogorc `postmo-
dernistul mgrZnobiarobas~.
ibadeba kiTxva: SesaZlebelia Tu ara adamianuri cnobierebis is Zalze specifikuri mdgo-
mareoba, rasac postmodernistuli mgrZnobiaroba gulisxmobs, sxvaganac da kerZod, CvenSic
sayovelTaod iyos gavrcelebuli, Tu is maincdamainc dasavluri movlenaa?
am kiTxvis ase calsaxad dasmis uflebas iZleva is gansxvaveba, romelic dasavlur civili-
zaciasa da danarCen kacobriobas Soris arsebobs. gansxvaveba ki, rogorc ukve iciT, marTlac
mniSvnelovania (gaixseneT V TavSi Seswavlili akaki baqraZis werili).
gaixseneT isic, rom TiTqmis mTeli V Tavi Cvensa da dasavlur sazogadoebebs Soris arse-
buli gansxvavebebis gacnobierebasa da Seswavlas mivuZRveniT.
faqtia, rom Cveni qveyana TiTqmis rva saukunis ganmavlobaSi, nebiT Tu iZulebiT, dasav-
luri sazogadoebisgan mowyvetili iyo da sruliad gansxvavebuli cxovrebiT cxovrobda. xo-
lo bolo orasi wlis manZilze ruseTis imperiis SemadgenlobaSi yofnam, gansakuTrebiT ko-
munisturi ideologiis samocdaaTwlianma batonobam, saSineli daRi daasva Cvens cnobierebasa
da kulturas.
Sesabamisad, gana gasakviria, rom dRes CvenSi arsebul politikur, ekonomikur, socialur
da kulturul situacias saerTo araferi aqvs dasavlurTan?
Cven Cveni satkivari da gasaWiri gvaqvs.
kidev erTxel gadaxedeT, raze saubrobs vudi aleni. unda vaRiaroT, rom is krizisi, ro-
melsac amerikeli Semoqmedi misTvis damaxasiaTebeli tragikomikuri maneriT gamoxatavs, Cven-
Tvis metismetad Soreuli da abstraqtulia.
da mainc, TviT aseT fonzec ki, albaT didi gamWriaxoba ar aris saWiro imis dasanaxad, rom
laSa imedaSvilis `mwerlobis imitaciac~ TiTqmis iseTive postmodernistuli teqstia, ro-
goric vudi alenis ese.
es Zalze ucnauria.
daakvirdiT: moTxrobis personaJi, vinme nika, imisaTvis, rom SimSiliT ar mokvdes, im er-
TaderT unars iyenebs, romelic gaaCnia: mas weris niWi aqvs da SeuZlia Cveni cnobili mwerlebis
stilis imitacia moaxdinos, mere am gziT Seqmnili teqstebi gayidos da lukma-puris fuli
iSovnos.
VI Tavi
SesaZlebelia Tu ara amgvari ram moxdes CvenSi? vfiqrobT, SesaZlebeli iyo gasuli sau-
kunis 90-ian wlebSi da SesaZlebelia dResac. mwerali mTlianad Cveni realobidan gamodis.
CvenTvis imdenad nacnobia moTxrobaSi gadmocemuli ambavi, rom sruliad uadgilo xdeba raime
literaturul modaze laparaki. nawarmoebSi aSkarad igrZnoba is krizisuli msoflgancda,
346
romelic Cvens sazogadoebaSi swored gasuli saukunis 90-ian wlebSi damkvidrda. mwerali
swored am gancdis gamoxatvas cdilobs. ucnauri ki is aris, rom saamisod zedgamoWrili aR-
moCnda dasavleTis postmodernistul xelovnebaSi SemuSavebuli xerxebi da meTodebi.
kidev erTxel davazustoT, ratomaa es ucnauri.
ucnauria imitom, rom Cveni yofa-cxovreba anu is, rac safuZvlad edeba xolme mxatvrul
nawarmoebs, radikalurad gansxvavdeba dasavlurisgan. Sesabamisad, Tuki uadgiloa litera-
turul modaze saubari, rogor SeiZleba Cveni yofisTvis damaxasiaTebeli krizisi, romelsac
saerTo araferi aqvs dasavleTTan, postmodernistuli xerxebis momarjvebiT gamoxatuliyo?
es xerxebi xom sul sxva kulturul garemoSi, sul sxva saWiroebis gamo, mkiTxvelamde sul
sxva informaciis misatanad Seiqmna?
damoukidebladac ifiqreT amis Sesaxeb. Cven Cvens axsnas SemogTavazebT.
rogorc Cans, am literaturuli saidumlos gasaRebi mainc im msoflgancdaSi unda veZeboT,
romelmac politikuri Tavisuflebis miRebis Semdeg moikida fexi saqarTveloSi da romelic
Zalian hgavs dasavlurs.
oRond hgavs formiT.
ras vgulisxmobT?
daakvirdiT: iseve rogorc maT, Cvenc gagvicruvda imedebi;
maT adamianuri gonebisa da racionalizmis gaRmerTebiT miRebulma Sedegebma gautexes
guli; Cven _ Tavisuflebis miRebis Semdeg (gasuli saukunis 90-ian wlebSi) mosalodneli neta-
rebis nacvlad gamefebulma srulma qaosma.
dasavluri sazogadoeba darwmunda, rom yvela wamowyeba, yvela Teoria, yvela proeqti,
romelTac safuZvlad edoT adamianuri gonebisa da mecnierebis yovlisSemZleobis rwmena,
calmxrivi aRmoCnda da miuxedavad arnaxuli materialuri keTildReobis Seqmnisa, verc erT
`banalur kiTxvas~ ver gasca pasuxi.
is realoba, romelic saqarTveloSi politikuri Tavisuflebis miRebis Semdeg dadga, Se-
maZrwunebeli aRmoCnda da gamoaaSkarava im imedebis gulubryvilo xasiaTi, romelTac Cveni
sazogadoeba Tavisuflebis miRebas avtomaturad ukavSirebda.
iqmneba viTareba, roca daskvnebis gamotana gardauvali xdeba.
dasavluri sazogadoeba iwyebs sakuTari civilizaciis yvelaze fuZemdebluri
principebis gadasinjvas, xolo Cveni sazogadoebis yvelaze saRad moazrovne nawili
iZulebuli xdeba aRiaros, rom Cveni kulturisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli Taviseburebebis
zegavleniT sakuTar Tavsa da gare samyaros araadekvaturad aRviqvamdiT.
Tavisuflebam realoba dagvanaxa, rac Zalze mtkivneuli aRmoCnda.
mokled, marTalia, mizezebi ise gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisgan rogorc ca da dedamiwa, magram
iqneb amjerad ufro mTavari is aris, rom Seqmnili viTareba rogorc iq, ise aqac, iwvevs kriziss
da tradiciuli faseulobebis gadasinjvis saWiroebas, sxvagvarad _ èpistemologiur da-
eWvebas~?
Tu es marTlac asea, maSin uflebac gveZleva `qarTul postmodernizmze~ vilaparakoT,
oRond, cxadia, pirobiTad, xolo laSa imedaSvilis `mwerlobis imitacia~ qarTuli postmo-
dernizmis nimuSad miviCnioT.
amave dros, rasakvirvelia, sul unda gvaxsovdes, rom gansxvavebiT evropelebis an ameri-
kelebisgan, `qarTveli postmodernisti~ mxolod Cveni kulturuli sivrcisTvis damaxasi-
aTebeli zogierTi Sexedulebisa Tu warmodgenis gadafasebas cdilobs. ZiriTadad es is hi-
perbolizebuli da sagrZnoblad narcisuli10 Sexedulebebi da warmodgenebia, romlebic po-
litikuri Tavisuflebis miRebis Semdeg Seqmnilma realobam elvis siswrafiT gaakotra.
Tuki msjelobis am xazs bolomde mivyvebiT, maSin SesaZlebeli gaxdeba `qarTuli postmo-
dernizmis~ kidev erTi yuradRebis Rirsi Tavisebureba gamovyoT.
saqme is gaxlavT, rom dasavluri postmodernizmi arsebuli krizisis daZlevis gzebs ki ar
eZebs, aramed, ubralod, mis dramatizebas axdens. amis danaxva vudi alenis teqstSic SeiZleba.
VI Tavi
`qarTveli postmodernistis~ mizani iseTive Taviseburi da gansxvavebulia, rogorc is

movlena, romelsac pirobiTad `qarTul postmodernizms~ vuwodebT. igi zogadad SeiZleba
daxasiaTdes rogorc qarTul kulturaSi meti racionalizmis damkvidrebis mcdeloba. es swo-
10
347
narcisuli _ sakuTar Tavze Seyvarebuli.
red is gaxlavT, ris mwvave deficitsac saukeTeso qarTveli inteleqtualebi yovelTvis ac-
nobierebdnen.
ra SeiZleba davaskvnaT?
miuxedavad qarTulsa da dasavlur kulturul situaciebs Soris arsebuli uzarmazari
Sinaarsobrivi Tu sxva saxis gansxvavebebisa, maT Soris namdvilad arsebobs garegnuli msgav-
seba, rac sakmaris safuZvels qmnis saimisod, rom qarTul mwerlobaSi sul ufro xSirad gamo-
yenebuli postmodernistuli xerxebisa da meTodebis kanonzomierebaze visaubroT.
***
axla Zalze mokled meTodebis Sesaxeb.
saerTod, XX saukunis dasavlur kulturaSi popularuli gaxda kacobriobis kulturis
Sedareba erT uzarmazar teqstTan, romlis wakiTxva wigniviT SeiZleba da romelSiac odesRac
ukve iTqva yvelaferi. axlis Tqma SesaZlebelia mxolod kaleidoskopis principiT _ Zveli
elementebis axleburi sinTezi warmoqmnis axal kombinaciebs.
es garemoeba SeiZleba sxvanairadac gamoiTqvas.
nebismieri axali teqsti warmoadgens Tavisebur `reaqcias~ manamde ukve arsebul teqsteb-
ze. magaliTad, axali teqstia laSa imedaSvilis `mwerlobis imitacia~, romelic warmoadgens
Tavisebur `reaqcias~ mixeil javaxiSvilis manamde ukve arsebul teqstebze.
anu SeiZleba iTqvas, rom `mwerlobis imitacia~ warmoadgens axal qsovils, romelic iqso-
veba mixeil javaxiSvilis Zveli `citatebiT~. es yvelaferi axal teqstSi axleburadaa ganfe-
nili da qmnis sruliad axal struqturas.
rogorc amboben, `citatebi~ SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnas rogorc gaucnobiereblad da
avtomaturad, aseve sruliad Segnebulad avtoris mier dasaxuli garkveuli miznis misaRwevad.
vfiqrobT, arc Tavad gagiWirdebaT imis gansja, `mwerlobis imitaciaSi~ romel SemTxvevasTan
gvaqvs saqme.
***
gaixseneT, rogor axasiaTebda rezo yaralaSvili mkiTxvelis mier klasikuri mxatvruli
nawarmoebis aRqmis process (ix. I Tavi, § III):
`rodesac mkiTxveli wigns iRebs xelSi, pirvel rigSi igi moTxrobili ambis `namdvilobas~
iTxovs mwerlisgan. mxatvruli nawarmoebis damajereblobis, misi namdvilobis iluziis gareSe
gasaubreba avtorsa da mkiTxvels Soris ver Sedgeba. amrigad, _ daaskvnis rezo yaralaSvili,
_ `sinamdvilis daviwyeba~ da cnobierebis gadarTva mxatvrul sinamdvileze literaturuli
komunikaciis aucilebel winapirobas warmoadgens~.
postmodernistuli xelovnebis mizani sapirispiroa.
klasikur mwerlobaSi TxrobiTi xerxebi ise iyo gaTvlili, rom mkiTxveli maT arsebobas
verc ki acnobierebda da TiTqmis avtomaturad gadaerTveboda am xerxebis meSveobiT Seqmnil
mxatvrul sinamdvileze. klasikur nawarmoebSi Cven ise vxarobT da vwuxvarT personaJebis
cxovrebiseuli peripetiebiT, rom sruliadac ar viwuxebT Tavs im mxatvruli xerxebis gac-
nobierebiT, romelTa meSveobiTac es cxovrebiseuli peripetiebi gveZleva. amis saWiroeba ar
arsebobs. amitom klasikur xelovnebaSi kargi xerxi isaa, romelic dakisrebul funqcias, ase
vTqvaT, sakuTari Tavis gaumJRavneblad asrulebs.
postmodernisti Zalian xSirad swored am ìnkognito xerxebis~ wina planze gamoyvaniT,
maTi, ase vTqvaT, mxilebiTaa dakavebuli.
imisaTvis, rom naTqvami TvalsaCinod warmoidginoT, aseT magaliTs SemogTavazebT: ro-
desac sacxovreblad gamzadebul SenobaSi SevdivarT, yvelaferi isea gaTvlili, rom ver da-
vinaxoT da ver gavacnobieroT, vTqvaT, ra samSeneblo masaliT da rogori wyobiTaa aSenebuli
kedlebi, sruliad ar Cans saZirkvlis siRrme, Tanamedrove binisTvis aucilebeli sxvadasxva
VI Tavi
komunikaciebis gayvaniloba da sxva. mSenebelma gulmodgined izruna imisaTvis, rom mxolod

is dagvenaxa da SegvegrZno, rac komfortuli, sasiamovno cxovrebisTvisaa saWiro.
magram warmoidgineT iseTi mSenebeli, romelmac gadawyvita mis mier aSenebul SenobaSi
yovelive is davinaxoT, risi dafarvac aqamde aucileblobad iyo miCneuli. oRond daimaxsov-
348
reT: saqmeSi Cauxedavma adamianebma aseT mSenebels SeiZleba axirebuloba, uvicoba, uniWoba da
sxva aTasgvari ram daswamon, magram es ar iqneba swori. saqme is gaxlavT, rom es mSenebeli ase
specialurad iqceva. mas, iseve rogorc postmodernist mwerals, raRac mizani aqvs dasaxuli...
isini cdiloben realuri cxovrebidan gaqcevis saSualeba ar mogvcen. SeuZlebeli Tu ara,
albaT Zalian Zneli iqneba Tavi mSvidad da komfortulad igrZno im SenobaSi, sadac yvelaferi
gaSiSvlebulia.
rogorRa movaxerxebT realuri cxovrebidan e. w. mxatvrul sinamdvileze gadarTvas, Tuki
yvela xerxi, romelic am gadarTvas ZiriTadad swored Tavisi SeumCnevlobiT uzrunvelyofda,
axla pirdapir TvalebSi gveCxireba?
ase iSleba sazRvari xelovnebasa da cxovrebas Soris.
am miznis misaRwevad mweralma SeiZleba erTmaneTSi aurios sxvadasxva mxatvruli stili,
Janri da meTodi; moaxdinos realuri faqtebis sinTezi aSkara gamonagonTan; teqstSi Semoiy-
vanos avtori da sxva.
***
zogjer nawarmoebi SeiZleba ori teqstisgan Sedgebodes. aseT SemTxvevaSi, Cveulebriv,
ZiriTadi teqsti aRwers xolme rogor an ratom iwereba meore teqsti, rac SeiZleba mTeli
nawarmoebis Sinaarssac ki warmoadgendes. amgvar movlenas SeiZleba `teqsti teqstSic~ vu-
wodoT. es xerxi gamoiyeneba kinoxelovnebaSic. amis kargi magaliTia federiko felinis11 cno-
bili `rvanaxevari~, romelSiac naCvenebia, rogor cdilobs reJisori gadaiRos filmi, rome-
lic ar gamosdis.
***
tradiciuli xelovnebis kanonebis Tavdayira dayenebis amgvar daJinebul mcdelobebs sxva-
dasxva SemTxvevebSi SeiZleba mizanic sxvadasxva hqondes. umTavresi ki mainc is gaxlavT, rom
raki mwerali Segnebulad ar gviqmnis moTxrobili ambis namdvilobis iluzias, amiT gvaiZulebs
es ambavi aRviqvaT ara rogorc erTaderTi WeSmariteba, aramed rogorc erT-erTi versia.
avtori uars ambobs WeSmaritebis monopoliurad flobis pretenziaze, rac saboloo jamSi
sxva araferia, Tu ara xazis gasma im principuli da mougvarebeli winaaRmdegobebisaTvis, riTac
savsea es samyaro da rasac araferi eSveleba.
cxadia, es Zalze diskomfortulia, magram amas versad gaveqceviT. iZulebuli vxdebiT
TviTon daviwyoT azrovneba da viTarebaSi garkveva vcadoT.
ra Tqma unda, es Znelia, magram sxva gza ar aris _ realoba iseTi unda miviRoT, rogoric
aris kidec.
***
laSa imedaSvilis moTxroba ukve waikiTxeT. SesaZloa am `saubris~ kiTxvis dros teqstis
zogierTi epizodi gagaxsendaT kidec, radgan `mwerlobis imitacia~ swored am xerxebis mo-
marjvebiTaa dawerili. Tumca sanam moTxrobis detalurad Seswavlas SeudgebodeT, naxeT, ras
werda mwerali erT-erT interviuSi Tavis teqstze:
`yovelTvis vTvlidi, rom mixeil javaxiSvili arc Sefasebula da arc dafasebula ise,
rogorc ekuTvnis. sul mindoda, raRac mec gamekeTebina, damewera. monografias Tavs varideb-
di, radgan ver gaveqceodi sqemas: daibada, gaizarda, cxovrobda...
sxvanairadac gvaswavlidnen. uamravi gamokvlevac arsebobs, werilebic, magram mindoda
mqonoda sruli Tavisufleba da ise damewera masze, ar gasCenodaT Cems oponentebs saTqmeli,
ara, es ase ar iyo, ise iyoo. amisgan gasaTavisufleblad gamoviyene aseTi xerxi: ki batono, Cems
moTxrobaSi aris biografiuli momentebi, magram mTlianobaSi Sen rogorc ginda, ise waikiTxav.
viRac mibaZviT qmnis misi cxovrebis axal versias. axla iseT droSi varT, javaxiSvili aRar
VI Tavi
icis aravin da Semmowmebelic aravin hyavs am Cvens mimbaZvels, romelic Tavisi raRac `merkan-
tiluri~12 miznisTvis Txzavs am yvelafers. roca araferi akrZaluli ar aris, yvelaferi daS-
11
federiko felini (1920_1993) _ cnobili italieli reJisori.
12
merkantiluri _ angarebiani.
349
vebulia. garda im pirveli plastisa, rom raRac eses magvari damewera da Semeqmna, mkiTxvelsac
Tavisuflebas vaniWeb...
mindoda javaxiSvili dagenaxaT ara ise, rogoradac Cven migvaCvies _ xelSeuxebeli, kvar-
cxlbekze aziduli klasikosi. cocxali pirovneba minda warmovsaxo da is ganZi, rasac am pi-
rovnebis saxiTa da wyalobiT vflobT. arastandartulad mindoda misi Semoqmedebis gaxsenebac,
gacocxlebac...~
rogor SeZlo mweralma amis gakeTeba, es Tqven unda gansajoT.
davalebebi
teqsti da mkiTxveli
1. daakvirdiT: moTxroba ori teqstisgan Sedgeba. ufro sworad, erTi teqsti meoreSia
`Casmuli~ _ Tbiliseli nikas Tavgadasavali erTi teqstia, xolo mixeil javaxiSvilis
àvtobiografia~ _ meore.
gadaSaleT saxelmZRvanelos I Tavi, moZebneT rezo yaralaSvilis werili da gaixseneT,
ras wers mkvlevari e. w. `CarCos teqnikaze~.
Tqveni azriT, laSa imedaSvilis moTxrobis òrteqstianoba~ CarCos teqnikis gamoye-
nebad unda CavTvaloT Tu es aris klasikuri tipis `teqsti teqstSi~ (ix. `saubari~)?
ratom?
2. kargad gaiazreT, ra weria `saubarSi~ mwerlis mier sxvadasxva mxatvruli stilis, Jan-
risa da meTodis erTmaneTSi arevis Sesaxeb; aseve realuri faqtebis sinTezze aSkara
gamonagonTan; teqstSi avtoris Semoyvanaze da gansazRvreT, iyenebs Tu ara am princips
laSa imedaSvili Tavis teqstSi? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
3. moTxroba ori teqstisgan Sedgeba: erTs mwerali gviyveba, meores _ mixeil javaxiSvilis
saxels amofarebuli vinme nika wers. SeadareT erTmaneTs da samuSao rveulSi CaiwereT,
ra gansxvavebaa maT Soris stiluri TvalsazrisiT.
4. imisaTvis, rom TvalnaTliv gaicnobieroT laSa imedaSvilis moTxrobis stilisturi
da sxva saxis Taviseburebebi, saxelmZRvanelos V TavSi monaxeT nugzar SataiZis teqsti,
romelic tradiciuli realisturi maneriTaa dawerili da SeadareT l. imedaSvilis
teqsts:
axdens Tu ara nugzar SataiZe Tavis moTxrobaSi sxvadasxva Janrisa da mxatvruli stilis
erTmaneTSi arevas?
xdeba Tu ara n. SataiZis teqstSi realuri faqtebisa da aSkara gamonagonis sinTezi?

miuxedavad imisa, rom n. SataiZis teqsti tradiciuli maneriTaa Sesrulebuli, SeiZleba
iTqvas Tu ara, rom `mogzauroba evropaSi~ zogadad iseTive gancdis mqone mwerlis
mieraa dawerili, rogoriTac `mwerlobis imitacia~ daiwera? ratom? SeZlebisdagvarad
vrclad imsjeleT am sakiTxze.
kvlav daubrundiT rezo yaralaSvilis teqsts (ix. I Tavi, § III) da gansazRvreT, SeiZleba
VI Tavi
Tu ara masSi Camoyalibebuli meTodebis moSveliebiT srulyofilad aviTvisoT èvro-

paSi mogzauroba~? `mwerlobis imitacia~? ratom?
350
detalebis xelovneba
1. daakvirdiT nikasa da telmanas metyvelebas. SeZlo Tu ara mweralma am personaJebis

maTi metyvelebis meSveobiT daxasiaTeba? rogor, ra saSualebas iyenebs amisaTvis mwe-
rali?
2. nawarmoebSi arsebobs detalebi, romelTa mixedviTac sakmaod zustad SeiZleba gani-
sazRvros Cveni uaxlesi istoriis romeli periodia aRwerili teqstSi. moZebneT es
detalebi da maTze dayrdnobiT gamoTqviT Tqveni varaudi.
3. nawarmoebSi uxvadaa gamoyenebuli Jargoni, rasac Tavisi funqcia gaaCnia.
rogor fiqrobT, maTi funqcia erTia Tu ramdenime? daasabuTeT.
Tqveni azriT, SeiZleba Tu ara teqstSi gamoyenebuli JargoniT mivxvdeT, romeli epo-
qaa nawarmoebSi aRwerili?
dRevandeloba rom aRewera mwerals, imave Jargonul formebs gamoiyenebda, romlebsac

axla iyenebs Tu ara? ratom?
analizi
1. moiZieT mixeil javaxiSvilis biografia da SeadareT nikas mier SeTxzul teqsts. samuSao
rveulSi cal-calke CamowereT rogorc mwerlis mier SeTxzuli, ise istoriuli faq-
tebi.
kidev erTxel gaixseneT, ratom axdens mwerali istoriuli da mogonili faqtebis erT-
maneTSi arevas da ra mizans isaxavs es xerxi?
Tqvenze rogori STabeWdileba moaxdina yovelive aman? SegiZliaT Tqveni STabeWdilebe-

bi samuSao rveulSi mokle Canawerebis, Tezisebis an SeniSvnebis saxiT CaiweroT, raTa
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SeZloT Tqveni gancdisa da naazrevis aRdgena.
2. nikas mier Sedgenil mixeil javaxiSvilis àvtobiografiaSi~ interpretirebulia mwer-
lis ramdenime nawarmoebi. maT Soris zogierTi SeiZleba ukve naswavli an wakiTxuli
gaqvT. monaxeT teqstSi is epizodi, romelSic TqvenTvis nacnobi nawarmoebis inter-
pretaciaa mocemuli da kidev erTxel waikiTxeT. eTanxmebiT Tu ara nikas versias? ra-
tom? davaleba SeasruleT werilobiT.
3. gaixseneT, qarTuli kulturis Taviseburebebze msjelobisas nika, ase vTqvaT, `sazRvao
Teorias~ aviTarebs. monaxeT teqstSi es epizodi da kidev waikiTxeT. ras ityviT amis
Sesaxeb?
4. laSa imedaSvilis teqstSi garda javaxiSvilis stilis imitaciisa, aseve gvxvdeba cita-
ta Temur babluanis filmidan `beRurebis gadafrena~ (`maliari xar, biWo?~). monaxeT
teqstSi es epizodi da ganmarteT:
Tqveni azriT, gaucnobiereblad, uneblieT iyenebs mas avtori Tu specialurad? pasuxi

daasabuTeT.
rogor fiqrobT, ra funqcia ekisreba am citatas nawarmoebSi?

VI Tavi
5. aiReT mixeil javaxiSvilis romelime nawarmoebi da nikas mier SeTxzul javaxiSvilis

àvtobiografias~ SeadareT stiluri TvalsazrisiT. rogorc gaxsovT, nika xelnaweris
qurdobisTvis gaasamarTles da ara yalbismqmnelobisTvis. ras ityviT, SeiZleboda Tu
ara, rom amgvari ram gasuli saukunis 90-ian wlebamde momxdariyo? ratom?
351
6. `saubarSi~ warmodgenil intervius fragmentSi laSa imedaSvili wers: `mindoda java-
xiSvili dagenaxaT ara ise, rogoradac Cven migvaCvies _ xelSeuxebeli, kvarcxlbekze
aziduli klasikosi. cocxali pirovneba minda warmovsaxo da is ganZi, rasac am pirovne-
bis saxiTa da wyalobiT vflobT. arastandartulad mindoda misi Semoqmedebis gaxsene-
bac, gacocxlebac...~
ras ityviT, miaRwia mweralma mizans? Tu piriqiT, uneblieT daaknina Cveni didi mwerlis
mixeil javaxiSvilis saxeli?
rogor fiqrobT, ratom uCndeba laSa imedaSvils imis survili, rom mixeil javaxiSvili
cocxal pirovnebad warmosaxos, xolo misi Semoqmedeba arastandartulad gaacocxlos?
SeiZleba Tu ara Cveni Tanamedrove mwerlis amgvari survili da misi ganxorcielebis
SesaZlebloba da mcdeloba `qarTul postmoderns~ davukavSiroT? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
paraleli
gaixseneT guram asaTianis Ì dialogi~ (ix. V Tavi, § I I I) da misi pozicia SeadareT laSa
imedaSvilis Tvalsazriss. ra tipis urTierTkavSirs xedavT am or teqsts Soris? para-
lelebi samuSao rveulSi TqvenTvis sasurveli formiT CaiwereT.
mixeil javaxiSvilis avtobiografiis nikaseul versiaSi vkiTxulobT:
***
`...mudam vbaqibuqobdiT, ganumeoreblobas viCemebdiT, codva gamxelili sjobia da mec
bevri tyuili Tu marTali gadavxlarTe erTmaneTSi, xeli mivkari, wavaqeze da yovlad usafuZ-
vlo imedebi bairaRad vaqcie. vambobdi imas, rac ar unda meTqva, vaqebdi mas, rac ar unda meqo,
Tumca sxvas ki vwerdi, Sefarulad, sxva sityvaTa Crdil qveS. vinc am mimaluls SeamCnevs da
amoikiTxavs, umal mixvdeba, rom qarTuli mwerloba araTu Svili, mezobelic ki arasodes yo-
fila evropuli, didi mwerlobisa. Savi zRvis napirebze ar gaSlila da verc gaiSleboda msof-
lio masStabis civilizacia. mxolod berZnebma da genuelebma odnav STaberes mas suli, radgan
xelSi eWiraT misi gasaRebic — bosforic da dardanelic. am mxriv porti zRvas udris maTTvis,
visac es gasaRebi xelSi aqvs da Caketil tbad unda CaiTvalos imisTvis, vinc mis napirebze
saxlobs...~
***
`...sxva mxriv, TiTqos araferi gviWirda. niWierebiT sxvaze naklebni ar viyaviT, marTalia,
CvenSi qandakeba ver ganviTarda, musikaSi xalxuri simReris iqiT ver wavediT, mxatvrobaSi
kedlis saeklesio moxatulobas ver gavcdiT, magram maT sanacvlod literatura ganviTarda.
mainc vin? ra xalxia? saidan movidnen? gvar-saxelis CamoTvla telefonis cnobaris saqmea da
ara mwerlisa. erTis Tqma ki SeiZleba, evropelsa Tu russ, qarTulze metad, sakuTari saSualo
moTxrobis wakiTxva urCevnia. arada, es Cveni, yovelmxriv aRemateba maT saSualos: Canafiqric
kargia, ambavic mosawoni, gmiric gamaxsovrdeba da es yovelive formis iseT samosSia gaxveuli,
bevr russa Tu evropels SeSurdeba. maS ra xdeba? rad moikoWlebs yvela Cveni moTxroba, roma-
ni, novela Tu esse? sad marxia ZaRlis Tavi? bevri gansja da fiqri amas ar sWirdeba. Tuki raime
VI Tavi
moZraobs qveyanaze, Tuki raime sunTqavs, anda raime xdeba, erTi mizezi aqvs mxolod — qali.
ara, qali rogor ar iyo Cvens mwerlobaSi, magram yvelasgan gansxvavebiT, Cveni dedakaci
Tavisufalia, TiTqmis mamakacis sworia. iyo dro, roca wera-kiTxvas da codnas ufro dedakaci
inaxavda da avrcelebda, vidre mamakaci. roca qarTvel qals Cvens mwerlobasa da xelovnebaSi
352 Tavisi wvlili Sehqonda, aRmosavleli dedakaci haramhanasa da CadrSi ixrCoboda. Cadri arc
evropam miiRo, Cvenc CamovixseniT, magram evropulma mwerlobam, CadrTan erTad, qali samo-
sidanac gaaTavisufla, Cven ki Cadrs gadavarCineT da masze uaresi xundebi davadeT. versad
naxavT SiSvel sxeuls, vnebian kocnas, miCqmaluli grZnobis duRils. mxolod SoriT alva,
SoriT dagva, gauTavebeli wuxili da gaumxeleli saidumlo. amis gamo vixarSebiT sakuTar
wvenSi, verafriT gagvirRvevia sazRvari da verc evropis majiscemas avdevnebivarT. did mwer-
lobas mamakacebi qmnian da mamakacebi kiTxuloben, am TamaSs ki Tavisi wesebi aqvs. swored es
iyo mizezi Cveni mwerlobis CamorCenisa, CamorCena ki mxolod sikvdilTan varga.
iyo-Tqo vTqvi da araferi SemSlia. Cemamde iyo es yovelive. me gavaSiSvle qarTveli qalis
cxraklitulSi gamomwyvdeuli xilvebi, mis sulsac SemovaZarcve samosi da mis sxeulsac...~
gaixseneT yvelaferi, rac aqamde iwavleT e. w. epistemologiur daeWvebaze da mxolod

amis Semdeg SeecadeT pasuxi gasceT qvemoT warmodgenil kiTxvebs.
aSkaraa, rom mwerali qarTul kulturaSi da Sesabamisad, Cvens cnobierebaSi dakanone-

buli warmodgenebis gadasinjvas axdens. SeiZleba Tu ara es garemoeba epistemologiuri
daeWvebis qarTul versiad miviCnioT? ratom?
am Tavis pirvel paragrafSi kidev erTxel gadaxedeT vudi alenis teqsts. ris gadasinjvas
cdilobs amerikeli avtori? aris Tu ara es yvelaferi epistemologiuri daeWvebis
dasavluri versiis gamovlineba? ratom?
samuSao rveulSi TqvenTvis misaRebi formiT CainiSneT dasavlur da qarTul versiebs
Soris arsebuli msgavseba-gansxvavebani.
Tvalsazrisi
warmogidgenT revaz inaniSvilis erT mcire moculobis teqsts:
jargvale
gadaSlili maqvs egnate ninoSvilis13 aTas cxraas ocdaTxuTmet wels gamocemuli Txzu-
lebaTa sruli krebulis ukve gayviTlebuli mesame tomi da sityvasityviT viwer esma ToTibaZis
mogonebas. Cveni droisaTvis am ucnaur saqciels, ra Tqma unda, eqneba Tavisi mizezebi, SeiZleba
iTqvas, mizezTa mTeli wyebac, magram, radganac maTi ubralo CamoTvlac ki Sors wagviyvanda
Zalian, me mxolod erTs vityodi, da imasac oriode sityviT: striqonebi, romlebsac me am
wignidan viwer, yru ganmwmendel tkivilebad Semodis CemSi, minda aseTi yofna gagrZeldes
rac SeiZleba didxans, minda xelebi gavSalo, mivawvdino sxvebs da es tkivilebi eleqtrode-
niviT gadavce maTac... mgonia, amiT nawilobriv mainc movixdiT sasjels, raic gvekuTvnis didi,
patiosani adamianebis wamebuli sulebis winaSe Tundac SemTxveviT gamoCenili gulgrilobis
gamo. ra xasiaTis literaturul faqtTan gvaqvs saqme, me es ar madardebs, am kategoriebis
damdgenTa winaSe me SemiZlia Zalian gulmSvidad warvdge.
ToTxmeti wlis gamaTxoves. _ ase iwyeba moxuci qalis mogoneba egnateze. _ mimces sino
(simon) ToTibaZes, romelic cxovrobda ozurgeTSi. wamiyvanes iq. saxli gvedga, axla rom sad-
guria matareblis, imis zeviT, maRlobze. rom mimiyvanes, egnate ar damxdenia iq. jer cxov-
robda manase ToTibaZisas da Semdeg gadmevida Cvensas, radgan mowafeebi sami Zmai meluebi
gvedga mainc. meluebi iZleodnen TveSi oTx maneTs da saWmeli misaWmeliT moqonden TviTon.
egnates fuls ar vaxTiebdiT, mxolod, rac ki SeeZlo, saWmeli mohqonda misi zurgiT Sinidan,
radgan Zaan Raribi iyo.
VI Tavi
egnate iqneboda Cvidmet wlamde, susti, momaRlo tanis, Zaan xmeli, beWebSi moxrili da
viwro, grZeli pirisaxis. idga meluebTan erTad binaze Cvensas da oTxive deiareboda klasSi.
gevida weliwadnaxevari da egnate gagveyo. Cveni adgilis kuTxeSi, fenaze amoTxara miwa. meix-
13
egnate ninoSvili (1859_1894) _ qarTveli mwerali.
353
mara meluebi da dadga jargvale. ase, oTxarSiniani iqneboda irgvliv. daaso oTxi boZi da zed
aakra Svazegapobili SeSebi da ficrebis nakidure, romelic zogi Cvendgan weiRo, zogi mana-
sedan da zogic sxva mezoblebma misca. gadaxura racxa sawylad da daRobili Celtes kari Sekida
zed. jargvales gverdebi TiTo TiTis gorvaze iyo daSorebuli. SiT, miwaze, dado ori SeSa da
zed daadva sami ficris nakidure, romelzec tangouxdeli woboda pirdapir. pirvelaT melu-
ebic masTan cxovrobda. qveSagebeli ar qonda. ecva erTi palto vincxvis naqoni, Zaan gaxunebu-
li, da amiT iyo sul. tanisamoss Sinaurebi verafers ukervida, Zvelebs aZlevdnen xan Cvenebi
da xan manasesani. arc fexsacmeli hqonda. erTi wevida Sin da Sinaurebs qalamani Seekeren misda.
zamTarSi fexSiSveli Camevida, qalamani xeliT Cameitana, gzaze dagjebodao.
rac gaewyoboda, sufTa biWi iyo sawyali. gazafxulze an Semodgomaze, roicxa Zaan sicive
ar iyo, wevidoda natanebis wylis pirze, geixTida tanze, garecxvida yvelafers da tansac
deibanda. saqamde tanisamosi SeSreboda, miimaleboda JveroSi da wigns kiTxulobda. Ceicvamda
mere naxevraT mSrals da mevidoda Sin.
saWmels TviTon ikeTebda. jargvaleSi qonda kelamide (Tixis keci), litre (patara doqi),
xelgoba da gatexili Carxane (Tujis qvabi). kidom kuTxeSi qonda miyudebuli Jverococxi,
romliTac gvida mis saxls. Wads zelda da icxobda. Tu iyo rame mindorSi, monaxavda fxals da
moxarCvida, marils waayrida da miaWmevda Wads, an kidom yvels an tarans, Tvara qe iyo mSieri.
miuxedavad amisa, sul kiTxulobda da kiTxulobda. ar iqneboda misi tyvili gaCereba, sul
wignze iyo micicqinebuli.
samkiTxvelo ar iyo maSvin, mara sul sxva da sxvai wignebi moqonda da kiTxulobda. sacxeidan
yovelTvis meitanda wigns.
wignsaviT egnates araferi ar uyvarda. iSviaTad deinaxavdi gacinebuls an gaTamaSebuls.
arc igi moxdeboda misgan, axalgazrda kaci rom qalebs giekideboda da dros dakarqavda. mgoni
wignze hqonda Wipi miWrili.
Cvensas mevidoda da, simindis fSvnaze rom mogvexmareboda, wigns jorkoze miayudebda
gadaSlils da TvaliT imas uyurebda. kiTxulobda da Slida. Rame SuaRamemdi kiTxulobda,
dRei meimzadebda fiCxebs da imiTi inaTebda sinaTles, ris gamo xSiraT Tmaic ki hqonda Seru-
juli. abirbildeboda fiCxis cecxli, weikiTxavda cotas da Couqreboda. kidom SeurTavda
fiCxs da amasobaSi wakiTxuls moyoboda, rac bevrjel gamigonia, rom damitanebia yuri iqiTken
mimavals. kidom einTeboda da kidom weikiTxavda, da ase wvalobda SvaRamemdi. saxlidanac rom
gevixedvidiT, ganaTldeboda misi jargvalo ucbaT da dabneldeboda. ki Canda, nu geSinia,
daRriovebul kedlebidan. kidom ganaTldeboda da mibneldeboda. ase iyo zamTarSic. yvelas
eZina da igi kiTxulobda. ra qonda sawyals! iyo mSieri, mwyurvale, Coucmel-douxuravi, gayi-
nuli siciviT, usinaTlod da martue migdebuli, mara mainc kiTxulobda da kiTxulobda. miveci
Wraqi, da nafTsac xan Cven, xan sxvai aZlevda. gulze qinZis Tavi qonda da imiT amouwevda guls,
rom Ceiwoboda. xSirad, rom ar qonda nafTi da sxvisi Sewuxeba ezareboda, mainc fiCxiT ina-
Tebda. uwin ki sul martue fiCxiT iyo sawyali. aravis awyeninebda sawyali, oRond zogierTi
sayvedurebda imaze, rom fiCxi miaqvs Cemi ezodano.
yanaSi ki iSonida saWmels, Tu miexmareboda vinmes, magram mainc SimSili erCia, oRond
wigni ekiTxa.
weliwadnaxevari im jargvaleSi iyo. mermed klasSi racxa uCenikebis abunteba dawames da
gamoagdes imis gamoisobiT.
wevida mermed sawyali sacxa da misi jargvale kidom didxans idga iqine...
egnate ninoSvili ocdaToTxmeti wlis gardaicvala filtvebis tuberkuloziT. sofelSi

kubosTvis ficrebi ver iSoves, mTliani mori amogules, Sig Caasvenes da ise damarxes. mis ka-
lams ekuTvnis: `paliastomis tba~, `janyi guriaSi~, `gogia uiSvili~, `qristine~, `simona~,
`partaxi~, `Cveni qveynis raindi~ da sxva moTxrobebi. Tumca, sul damaviwyda mekiTxa, giyvarT,
saerTod, moTxrobebi, Tu ara?
r. inaniSvili
VI Tavi
mweralma es moTxroba gasuli saukunis 60-iani wlebis bolos dawera. Sesabamisad, axla
ufro, vidre moTxrobis dawerisa da gamoqveynebis dros, dgeba problema, romelic Tavad
354 mweralma ase Camoayaliba: `ra xasiaTis literaturul faqtTan gvaqvs saqme?~
urevs Tu ara mwerali erTmaneTSi sxvadasxva mxatvruli stilisa da Janris teqstebs?
gvxvdeba Tu ara masSi `teqsti teqstSi~? daasabuTeT.
Tqveni azriT, mxolod garkveuli xerxebis an principebis gamoyeneba sakmarisia Tu ara

imisaTvis, rom teqstis postmodernistulobaze visaubroT?
aris Tu ara `jargvale~ postmodernistuli teqsti?

am ukanasknel kiTxvaze mxolod im SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba swori pasuxis gacema, Tuki imasac
davadgenT, risTvis, ra mizniT dawera mweralma es teqsti. am kiTxvas, sxvaTa Soris,
revaz inaniSvili Tavadve pasuxobs. teqstSi monaxeT da waikiTxeT es adgili. mere Sea-
dareT, ras ambobs, ra hqonda miznad dasaxuli laSa imedaSvils, roca `mwerlobis imi-
tacias~ werda.
Tqveni Tvalsazrisi mxolod am sakiTxebis garkvevis Semdeg CamoayalibeT. davaleba
SeasruleT werilobiT.
gilgameSi
VI Tavi
355
§ III
avtoris Sesaxeb
roca 1930 wels mixail bulgakovs sabWoTa xelisufleba Semoswyra da

mwerali SimSiliT sikvdilisTvis iqna ganwiruli, man weriliT mimarTa
mTavrobas:
`mas Semdeg, rac yvela Cemi nawarmoebi aikrZala, mravalma moqalaqem,
romlebic micnoben rogorc mwerals, erTi da igive ram mirCia: SevTxza ko-
munisturi piesa da paralelurad sabWoTa mTavrobas mivmarTo monaniebiTi
mixail weriliT, romelSiac uars vityvi mxatvrul nawarmoebebSi gamoTqmul Se-
bulgakovi xedulebebze da pirobas davdeb, rom amieridan vimuSaveb rogorc komu-
1891_1940 nizmis ideis erTguli mwerali-Tanamgzavri1.
`sinamdvile Cvens ase unda movqceuliyavi Tu mindoda rom Tavi damecva devnis, siRata-
Tvalwinaa, magram
igi iseTia, rom ar
kisa da sikvdilisagan.
gsurs gaxelili me es rCeva ar miviRe. ara mgonia, sabWoTa mTavrobis winaSe saxarbielo
TvalebiT Sexedo. kuTxidan gamovCeniliyavi, Tuki aseT yalb werils mivwerdi. xolo ko-
rCeba momavali,
gamoucnobi da ga- munisturi piesis dawera arc ki micdia, radgan winaswar vicodi, rom ara-
urkveveli moma- feri gamomividoda.
vali~. CemSi momwifebuli survili, Sevwyvito Cemi rogorc mwerlis tanjva,
m. bulgakovi
maiZulebs gulaxdili weriliT mivmarTo xelisuflebas...
gavaanalize ra Cemi aTwliani mwerluri moRvaweoba, sabWoTa presaSi
aRmovaCine 301 gamoxmaureba. maqeben mxolod 3 maTganSi, xolo mlanZRaven _ 298-Si. swored am
298 gamoxmaurebaSi airekla Cemi mwerluri cxovreba...
zogadi daskvna aseTia: `bulgakovi rac iyo, imadve darCeba _ burJuaziul gadmonaSTad,
romelsac muSaTa klasisa da misi komunisturi idealebisTvis mowamluli, magram uZluri fur-
Txis garda araferi emeteba...~
vacxadeb, rom arc kritikas vuCivi da arc raime saxis polemikaSi CarTva maqvs ganzraxu-
li...
ubralod, faqtia, rom sabWoTa presa da masTan erTad yvela is dawesebuleba, romelTac
Teatrebis repertuaris kontroli aqvT davalebuli, mTeli Cemi moRvaweobis ganmavlobaSi
erTxmad da uCveulo mZvinvarebiT amtkicebdnen _ mixail bulgakovis nawarmoebebi ar SeiZ-
leba sabWoTa kavSirSi arsebobdeso... vadastureb, sabWoTa presa absoluturad marTalia...
axla ukve ganadgurebuli var, rac sabWoTa sazogadoebam sixaruliT miiRo da miRwevad
CaTvala...
sabWoTa mTavrobas vTxov gaiTvaliswinos, rom me var ara politikuri moRvawe, aramed
mwerali... da CemTvis weraze uaris Tqma niSnavs cocxlad damarxvas... amitom gTxovT gasceT
brZaneba, rom Cemi meuRlis TanxlebiT saswrafod davtovo sabWoTa kavSiri.

Tuki Cemi Txovna damajerebeli ar aris da sabWoTa kavSirSi dumilisTvis gaviwirebi, ma-
Sin sabWoTa mTavrobas vTxov mimavlinos TeatrSi reJisorad...
Tu reJisorad ar damniSnaven, maSin Statian statistad2 mimiRon. xolo Tu statistadac
ver vivargeb, maSin scenis muSad mainc vimuSaveb.
magram Tu esec SeuZlebelia, maSin sabWoTa mTavrobas vTxov ise momeqces, rogorc saWi-
rod CaTvlis, oRond raime gadawyvetileba miiRos, radgan me, dramaturgs, 5 piesis avtors,
cnobil mwerals aqac da sazRvargareTac, mokle xanSi SimSili, quCa da sikvdili memuqreba.~3
VI Tavi
1
ase uwodebdnen maSin im mwerlebs, romlebic komunisturi partiis wevrebi ar iyvnen, magram mis
ideebs TanaugrZnobdnen.
2
statisti _ usityvo rolebis Semsrulebeli msaxiobi, masobrivi scenebis monawile.
356 3
werili ibeWdeba kupiurebiT.
erTi Tvis Semdeg mwerals daureka Tavad ioseb stalinma da urCia daxmarebisTvis samxat-
vro Teatris xelmZRvanelobisTvis miemarTa... Tumca bulgakovis piesebi scenaze aRar daub-
runebiaT...
rogorc irkveva, mixail bulgakovi am dros ukve òstatsa da margaritaze~ muSaobda. uka-
naskneli redaqcia Tavis meuRles mweralma ukve sasikvdilo sarecelze mwoliarem ukarnaxa.
romanma mogvianebiT, TiTqmis 30 wlis Semdeg, 1966 wels ixila dRis sinaTle.
mixail bulgakovi
ostati da margarita
(fragmentebi)
Tavi I
ucnobs nurasodes gaubam saubars
gazafxulis erT mcxunvare dRes, saRamo xans, patriarqis tborebs4 ori moqalaqe ewvia.
pirvels, ormociode wlis kacs, nacrisferi sazafxulo kostiumi ecva, tanmorCili iyo, Casu-
qebuli, gamelotebuli. axali, Rvezeliseburi Slapa xelSi eWira, wveri saguldagulod hqonda
gaparsuli, Savi rqisCarCoiani veeberTela saTvale ekeTa. meores, mxarbeWian, TmaaburZgnil,
mowiTuro axalgazrda kacs kubokruli kepi kefaze moegdo, kovboura, daWmuWnili TeTri Sar-
vali da Savi Custebi ecva.
pirveli gaxldaT mixail aleqsandroviC berliozi, sqeltaniani mxatvruli Jurnalis re-
daqtori da moskovis erT-erTi udidesi literaturuli asociaciis _ massolitis gamgeobis
Tavmjdomare, misi axalgazrda Tanamgzavri ki _ bezdomnis fsevdonimiT cnobili poeti ivan
nikolaeviC ponirevi.
rogorc ki Tavi Seafares axlad amwvanebuli cacxvebis Crdils, mwerlebi maSinve gaeqannen
nairferad aWrelebuli jixurisken, romlis Tavze moCanda warwera `ludi da wylebi~.
unda aRvniSnoT maisis am saSineli saRamos pirveli ucnauroba: marto jixurTan ki ara,
mTels xeivanSi, malaia bronnaias quCis gaswvriv, kaciSvili ar WaWanebda. mze mTeli dRe mos-
kovs almurs unTebda, axla ki, gaficxebul burusSi gaxveuli, dasavleTisken mieqaneboda da,
sacaa, sadRac sadovoe kolcos iqiT Caesveneboda. magram am papanaqeba sicxeSi, roca kacs sulis
moTqmac ki uWirda, aravin misula cacxvebTan, aravin Camomjdara skamze, ukacrieli iyo xeivani.
_ narzani dagvisxiT, _ sTxova qals berliozma.
_ narzani ara gvaqvs, _ upasuxa ratomRac ganawyenebulma qalma.

_ ludi gaqvT? _ CaxleCili xmiT hkiTxa bezdomnim.
_ luds saRamoTi moitanen, _ upasuxa qalma.
_ maS ra gaqvT? _ hkiTxa berliozma.
_ gargaris wveni, oRond Tbilia, _ Tqva qalma.
_ kargi, dagvisxiT, dagvisxiT!
gargaris wvenma yviTeli qafi moigdo, haeri saparikmaxeros suniT gaiJRinTa. literato-
rebma wveni dalies da maSinve slokini auvardaT. mere fuli gadaixades, bronnaiasken zur-
VI Tavi
gSeqceviT skamze Camosxdnen da mzera tbors miapyres.

am dros moxda meore ucnauroba. es ki mxolod berliozs Seexeboda. mas ucabedad Seuwyda
slokini, guli SeekumSa, erT wams Caswyda, mere moubrunda, magram ise Cxvletda, TiTqos Sig
4
patriarqis tborebi _ adgili moskovSi.
357
blagvi nemsi gauyriaTo. amas garda, usafuZ-
vlo, magram iseTi usazRvro SiSi daeufla,
rom undoda, maSinve ukanmiuxedavad gas-
cloda patriarqis tborebs.
berliozma mwuxared mimoixeda, ver
mimxvdariyo, ram SeaSina. gafiTrda, Subli
cxvirsaxociT moiwminda da gaifiqra: `ra
memarTeba? aseTi ram arasodes momsvlia...
guli vera maqvs kargad... albaT gadaviRale.
jobia, kislovodskisken gaveSuro, eSmaksac
wauRia yvelaferi...~
am dros gaficxebuli haeri mis win Se-
dedda da ucnauri garegnobis gamWvirvale
moqalaqe gamoiZerwa. moqalaqes patara Tav-
ze Jokeis kartuzi exura, mokle da viwro,
kubokruli, haerisave pijaki ecva... simaR-
liT saJens aRara uklda ra, magram viwrom-
xrebiani da uzomod gamxdari iyo, Tanac, unda mogaxsenoT, damcinavi saxe hqonda.
berliozi ise cxovrobda, ucnaur movlenebs miCveuli ar gaxldaT. ufro metad gafiTr-
da, Tvalebi daaWyita da SeZrwunebulma gaifiqra: ès SeuZlebelia!~
magram vai, rom, es namdvilad iyo.. awowili, gamWvirvale moqalaqe mis win aqeT-iqiT qanaob-
da, miwas fexs ar akarebda.
berliozi ise aitana SiSma, Tvalebi daxuWa. roca gaaxila, moCveneba ukve gamqraliyo. ku-
bokrulpijakiani aRarsad Canda da blagvi nemsic moscilda gulidan.
_ fui eSmaks! _ SesZaxa redaqtorma. _ ici, ivan, axla sicxisgan kinaRam sisxli Cameqca! TiTqos
raRac halucinaciac mqonda... _ gacineba scada, magram Tvalebs isev SeSinebuli acecebda da
xelebi ukankalebda. mere TandaTan damSvidda, cxvirsaxocis qneviT saxe gaigrila. sakmaod
mxned Tqva: `maS ase...~ da gargaris wvenis smisas Sewyvetili saubari ganagrZo.
rogorc Semdgom Seityves, es saubari ieso qristes exeboda. saqme is iyo, rom redaqtorma
poets Jurnalis morigi nomrisTvis didi antireligiuri poema daukveTa. ivan nikolaeviCma
poema dawera, Tanac Zalze mokle vadaSi, magram, samwuxarod, misma namuSevarma redaqtori ver
daakmayofila. bezdomnim poemis mTavari moqmedi piri, anu ieso, Zalze muqi ferebiT daxata,
da mainc mTeli poema, redaqtoris azriT, xelaxla iyo dasaweri. hoda, redaqtori poets axla
iesoze raRac leqciis msgavss ukiTxavda, raTa xazi gaesva poetis mTavari SecdomisTvis.
Zneli saTqmelia, ratom daemarTa es ivan nikolaeviCs, warmosaxvis unarma umtyuna, Tu
srulebiT ar icnobda im sakiTxs, razedac werda. magram ieso gamouvida mTlad cocxali, Tumca
mimzidvelobas moklebuli.
berliozs ki poetisTvis surda daemtkicebina, rom mTavari is ki ar aris, rogori iyo

ieso, cudi Tu kargi, aramed is, rom ieso, rogorc pirovneba, amqveynad saerTod ar arsebobda
da misi ambavi mogonilia, Cveulebrivi miTia da sxva araferi.
unda mogaxsenoT, rom redaqtori nakiTxi kaci gaxldaT da Zalze marjved iSveliebda Zvel
istorikosebs, magaliTad, saxelganTqmul filon aleqsandriels,5 didad ganaTlebul ioseb
flaviuss,6 romelTac erTi sityvac ara aqvT naTqvami iesos Taobaze. mixail aleqsandroviCma
didi erudicia gamoamJRavna da poets sxvaTa Soris isic auwya, rom tacitusis7 saxelganTqmuli
VI Tavi
5
filon aleqsandrieli _ ax. w. I s. antikuri filosofosi, iudeur-aleqsandriuli skolis meTauri.
misma ideebma didi gavlena moaxdina qristianuli Teologiis Camoyalibebaze.
6
ioseb flaviusi (37-100 ww.) _ Zveli ebraeli istorikosi. 67 wlidan cxovrobda romSi. werda berZnu-
lad, ZiriTadad iudeis istoriaze romis mbrZaneblobis periodSi. iTvleba, rom cnobebi ieso qristes
Sesaxeb mis nawerebSi Semdgomi CanarTia.
358 7
tacitusi (55-120 ww.) _ Zveli romaeli istorikosi.
ànalebis~ meTxuTmete wignis ormocdameoTxe TavSi is adgili, sadac iesos sikvdiliT
dasjazea laparaki, Semdgomi yalbi CanarTia da sxva araferi.
poetisTvis redaqtoris naambobi mTlad axali xili iyo. mas cocxali, mwvane Tvalebi mixa-
il aleqsandroviCisTvis mieSterebina da yuradRebiT usmenda, mxolod xandaxan aslokinebda
da gargaris wvens CurCuliT aginebda.
_ ar arsebobs arc erTi aRmosavluri religia, _ ambobda berliozi, _ ubiwo qalwuls Rmer-
Ti rom ar eSvas. qristianebsac ar gamougoniaT raime axali, zustad aseve Seqmnes TavianTi
ieso, romelic sinamdvileSi qveynad arasodes yofila. umTavresad, ai, amas unda warmoCena...
berliozis maRali tenori ukacriel xeivans efineboda. igi Zalze Rrmad SeiWra warsulSi.
amas didad ganaTlebuli kaci Tu SeZlebs ise, rom kisris motexis SiSi ar hqondes. poetma
bevri saintereso da sasargeblo ram Seityo cisa da miwis Svilis, mowyale RmerTis, egvipteli
ozirisis8, finikielTa RmerTis Tamuzis9, marduqis10 da nakleb cnobili mrisxane RmerTis vic-
li-puclis Sesaxebac ki, romelsac erT dros Tayvans scemdnen meqsikeli actekebi.
swored im dros, roca mixail aleqsandroviCi poets uyveboda, actekebi comisgan rogor
Zerwavdnen vicli-puclis figuras, xeivanSi pirveli kaci gamoCnda.
SemdgomSi, roca, gulaxdilad rom vTqvaT, gvianRa iyo, sxvadasxva dawesebulebebma war-
moadgines cnobebi, sadac am kacis garegnobas aRwerdnen.
SeuZlebelia, am cnobaTa Sedarebam gaoceba ar gamoiwvios.
pirveli cnoba iuwyeboda, es kaci tanmorCili iyo, oqros kbilebi hqonda da marjvena fe-
xiT koWlobdao. meore cnoba ambobda, goliaTuri aRnagoba da platinis kbilebi hqonda, Tanac
marcxena fexiT koWlobdao. mesameSi mokled ewera, gansakuTrebuli niSnebi ar hqoniao.
unda vaRiaroT, rom arc erTi cnoba arafrad vargoda.
upirveles yovlisa: aRwerili kaci arc erTi fexiT ar koWlobda, arc tanmorCili iyo da
arc goliaTi, ubralod maRali gaxldaT. kbilebi ki marcxniv platinisa hqonda, marjvniv oq-
rosi. Zvirfasi nacrisferi kostiumi da kostumis ferive ucxouri fexsacmeli ecva. nacris-
feri bereti yurTan moxdenilad Caekeca, iRliaSi Savbunikiani joxi amoeCara. bunikze pudelis
Tavi iyo gamosaxuli. Sesaxedad ormoc wels iqneboda gadacilebuli. piri rogorRac mohqce-
oda. wveri sufTad gaeparsa. Savgvremani iyo. marjvena Tvali Savi hqonda, marcxena _ ratomRac
mwvane. Savi warbebi hqonda, magram erTi warbi meoreze maRla edga. mokled, ucxoeli iyo.
roca ucxoelma im skams Cauara, sadac redaqtori da poeti isxdnen, mosaubreebs almacerad
gadaxeda, SeCerda da ori nabijis iqiT, mezobel skamze Camojda.
`germanelia...~ _ gaifiqra berliozma.
ìngliselia, _ gaifiqra bezdomnim, _ neta, am sicxeSi xelTaTmanebi ar awuxebs?~
ucxoelma SeaTvaliera maRali saxlebi, tbors oTxkuTxiv rom hqonda Semortymuli. et-
yoboda, am adgils pirvelad xedavda da dainteresda. Tvali SeaCera zeda sarTulTa minebze,
sadac TvalismomWrelad irekleboda gadatexili da mixail aleqsandroviCisaTvis samudamod
Camavali mze. mere mzera qveda sarTulebs Caayola, sadac minebi saRamospirze Camuqebuliyo,
mowyaled Caicina, Tvalebi moWuta, xelebi buniks CasWida da nikapi xelebs daayrdno.
_ ivan, _ ambobda berliozi, _ Sen kargad da satirulad aRwere, magaliTad, RvTis Zis,
iesos Soba, magram saqme isaa, rom iesomdec mravlad iSvnen Zeni RvTisani, vTqvaT, frigielTa
atisi11. mokled, arc aravin Sobila da arc aravin yofila. ar yofila arc ieso. amitom aucile-
8
ozirisi (osirisi) _ Zvel egviptur religiaSi erT-erTi mTavari RvTaeba, mcenareulobis, mTvaris
da nilosis RmerTi. SemodgomobiT kvdeboda da gazafxulobiT kvlav mkvdreTiT aRdgeboda. iTvleboda
agreTve saiqios meufed da micvalebulTa sulebis ganmsjelad.
VI Tavi
9
Tamuzi _ SumerTa da Zvel babilonelTa nayofierebis RmerTi, mwyemsuri RvTaeba. yovelwliurad
kvdeboda da gazafxulze kvlav mkvdreTiT aRdgeboda.
10
marduqi _ babilonis mfarveli RmerTi, babilonelTa panTeonis umaRlesi RvTaeba, dedamiwisa da
adamianTa Semqmneli.
11
atisi _ frigielTa RmerTi bunebisa. miTis mixedviT Ze qalwulisa, tanjuli, mravalgzis gardac-
vlili da kvlav mkvdreTiT aRmdgari. misi tanjviT ganiwmindeba bunebac da adamianic.
359
belia, rom nacvlad Sobisa, anda, vTqvaT, nacvlad mogvTa mosvlisa12, aRwero uTavbolo Worebi
iesos Sobaze. Torem Seni monaTxrobis mixedviT gamodis, rom igi namdvilad dabadebula!
bezdomnim scada, momabezrebeli slokini rogorme moecilebina, sunTqva SeaCera da amis
gamo ufro mwared daaslokina. am dros berliozmac Sewyvita laparaki, radgan ucxoeli uceb
wamodga da mwerlebisken gamoemarTa. maT gaocebiT Sexedes momavals.
_ gTxovT, momitevoT, _ Tqva mosulma ucxouri aqcentiT, magram sityvebi ar daumaxinjebia,
_ Tumca ucnobi var, magram Tavs nebas vaZlev... Tqveni mecnieruli saubris Tema ise sainteresoa,
rom..
man zrdilobianad moixada bereti. megobrebsac sxva raRa darCenodaT, unda wamomdgariy-
vnen da misalmebodnen.
àra, frangi ufro unda iyos..~ _ gaifiqra berliozma.
`polonelia?..~ _ gaifiqra bezdomnim.
isic unda vTqvaT, rom poets ucxoeli pirveli SexedvisTanave SesZagda. berliozs ki moe-
wona, moewona ki ara, ase vTqvaT, interesi aReZra...
_ nebas momcemT, Camovjde? _ zrdilobianad ikiTxa ucxoelma da megobrebmac uneburad
gaiw-gamoiwies.
ucxoeli moxerxebulad mokalaTda maT Soris da maSinve saubari gaaba:
_ Tu ar momeCvena, Tqven TqviT, ieso amqveynad ar yofilao? _ hkiTxa man berliozs da
marcxena mwvane Tvali miapyro.
_ ara, ar mogCvenebiaT, _ Tavazianad upasuxa berliozma, _ swored amas vambobdi.
_ oh, ra sainteresoa! _ SesZaxa ucxoelma.
`ra jandaba unda?~ _ gaifiqra bezdomnim da moiRuSa.
_ Tqven ki eTanxmebodiT, ara? _ miubrunda ucnobi bezdomnis.
_ mTeli suliTa da guliT! _ upasuxa brtyel-brtyeli laparakis moyvarulma bezdomnim.
_ saocaria! _ SesZaxa daupatiJebelma stumarma, ratomRac qurdulad mimoixeda, xma daidab-
la da ise Tqva: _ mapatieT, ase rom SemogiCndiT, magram, mgoni, Tqven arc RmerTi unda gwamdeT?
_ mere Tvalebi ise daaceca, viTom SeSindao, da daumata: _ geficebiT aravis vetyvi!
_ diax, Cven RmerTi ar gvwams, _ upasuxa berliozma, ucxoeli turistis SekrTomam odnavi
Rimili mohgvara, _ magram amis Tqma Tavisuflad SeiZleba.
ucxoeli skamis sazurges mieyrdno, cnobismoyvareobisgan odnav Sehyvira kidec da hkiTxa:
_ Tqven aTeistebi xarT?
_ diax, aTeistebi varT, _ RimiliT upasuxa berliozma.
gabrazebulma bezdomnim ki gaifiqra: `ras gadagvekida es oxeri!~
_ didebulia! _ SesZaxa gaocebulma ucxoelma. Tavs aqeT-iqiT atrialebda, xan erT lite-
rators Sescqeroda da xan meores.
_ Cvens qveyanaSi aTeizmi aravis aocebs, _ diplomatiuri TavazianobiT uTxra berliozma.
_ Cveni mosaxleobis umetesoba, didi xania, Segnebulad aRar ijerebs RmerTze moCmaxul zRap-
rebs.
am dros ucxoelma aseT oins mimarTa: wamodga, gaocebul redaqtors xeli CamoarTva da
warmoTqva:
_ neba miboZeT, uRrmesi madloba mogaxsenoT!
_ raze uxdiT madlobas? _ Tvalebis xamxamiT hkiTxa bezdomnim.
_ Zalze mniSvnelovani cnobisaTvis, rac CemisTana mogzaurs gansakuTrebiT ainteresebs,
_ Tqva axirebulma ucxoelma da TiTi mravalmniSvnelovnad aswia maRla.
mniSvnelovanma cnobam mogzaurze marTlac Zlieri STabeWdileba moaxdina, damfrTxali
Tvalebi saxlebs moavlo, TiTqos eSinoda, rom yovel fanjaraSi aTeists dainaxavda.
àra, ingliseli araa~, _ gaifiqra berliozma.
VI Tavi
bezdomnim ki gaifiqra, netavi rusulSi ase sad gaiwafao, da isev moiRuSa.

ucxoeli stumari erT xans raRacas mousvenrad fiqrobda da mere Tqva:
12
mogvTa mosvla _ saxarebis mixedviT ieso qristes Sobisas mis Tayvansacemad iudeaSi aRmosavleTidan
360 mogvni mividnen.
_ neba miboZeT, gkiTxoT, ras ityviT RmerTis arsebobis damamtkicebel sabuTebze13, rac,
rogorc mogexsenebaT, zustad xuTia?
_ vai rom arc erT damamtkicebel sabuTs fasi ara aqvs da isini kacobriobam, didi xania,
arqivs Caabara, _ sinanuliT upasuxa berliozma. _ albaT dameTanxmebiT, rom gonierebis Tval-
sazrisiT RmerTis arsebobis araviTari damamtkicebeli sabuTi ar SeiZleba arsebobdes.
_ bravo! _ SesZaxa ucxoelma _ bravo! Tqven mTlianad gaimeoreT mousvenari moxucis, imanu-
ilis azri am sakiTxze. magram kuriozi isaa, rom man Zirfesvianad gaanadgura xuTive sabuTi da
Semdeg, TiTqos sakuTar Tavs dasciniso, meeqvse damamtkicebeli sabuTi14 Seqmna.
_ kantis sabuTic aseve araa damajerebeli, _ Tavaziani RimiliT Seedava ganaTlebuli re-
daqtori, _ tyuilad ki ar ambobda Sileri, kantis msjeloba am sakiTxze mxolod monebs daak-
mayofilebso, Strauss15 ki ubralod ecineboda am sabuTze.
berliozi laparakobda da Tan gulSi fiqrobda: mainc vin unda iyos es kaci, rusulad ase
kargad ratom laparakobso?
_ unda daiWiro is kanti da aseTi sabuTebis gulisTvis sami wliT solovkiSi16 ukra Tavi! _
sruliad moulodnelad wamoiZaxa ivan nikolaeviCma.
_ ivan! _ CurCuliT Tqva Secbunebulma berliozma.
magram kantis solovkiSi gastumrebis ganzraxvam ucxoeli ki ar ganacvifra, aRafrTovana
kidec.
_ namdvilad, namdvilad! _ SesZaxa man da berliozisken mipyrobili marcxena mwvane Tvali
aukiafda. _ imisi adgili swored rom iqaa! gana ar veubnebodi sauzmobisas, profesoro, neba
Tqvenia, magram uTavbolo raRac moigoneT. SeiZleba, Wkvianuria, magram Zalze gaugebaria,
dacinvas dagiwyeben-meTqi.
berliozma Tvalebi daWyita. `sauzmobisas... kants? netavi ras Cmaxavs?~ _ gaifiqra man.
_ magram, _ ganagrZobda ucxoeli, poets Sescqeroda da berliozis gaocebas ainunSic ar
agdebda, _ solovkiSi misi gagzavna SeuZlebelia imis gamo, rom as welze metia, solovkize
bevrad ufro Sors imyofeba da iqidan Tavis daRweva, garwmunebT, yovlad SeuZlebelia.
_ samwuxaroa! _ SesZaxa Wirveulma poetma.
_ mec vwuxvar, _ kveri daukra ucxoelma, Tvali daakvesa da ganagrZo: _ magram, iciT, ra
mafiqrebs? Tu RmerTi ar arsebobs, maS vin ganagebs adamianis cxovrebas da, saerTod, dedamiwaze
wesrigs vin amyarebs?
_ TviT adamiani ganagebs yvelafers, _ saswrafod, brazianad upasuxa bezdomnim am, unda
iTqvas, arcTu ise naTel kiTxvaze.
_ ukacravad, _ mokrZalebiT Tqva ucnobma, _ magram imisTvis, rom ganago, uTuod unda
gqondes zusti gegma raRac, cotad Tu bevrad sakmao vadisTvis. neba miboZeT, gkiTxoT: rogor
unda ganagos adamianma, roca mas ara marto ar SeuZlia Seadginos raime gegma Tundac sasacilod
mokle vadisTvis, vTqvaT, aTasi wlisaTvis, aramed isic ki ar uwyis, xval ra moelis? marTlac,
_ miubrunda ucnobi berliozs, _ warmoidgineT, rom, magaliTad, Tqven ganagebT sxvebsac da
sakuTar Tavsac. hoda, roca, ase vTqvaT, eSxSi SexvediT, uceb.. he... he... filtvebis sarkoma dage-
marTaT... _ ucxoelma gulianad Caicina, TiTqos filtvebis sarkomis gaxsenebam siamovneba mi-
aniWao. _ diax, sarkoma... _ katasaviT moWuta Tvalebi da ise warmoTqva es mJReri sityva, _ da
Tqvens gamgeblobasac bolo moeReba! sakuTari Tavis garda aRaravis bed-iRbali ar gawuxebT.
axloblebi gatyueben. guli gigrZnobT, rom Tqvens Tavs raRac ubedurebaa. garbixarT jer
13
RmerTis arsebobis xuTi damamtkicebeli sabuTi. igulisxmeba Sua saukuneebis evropul TologiaSi
SemuSavebuli argumentebi.
14
RmerTis arsebobis meeqvse damamtkicebeli sabuTi: imanuil kantma (1724_1804), germanelma filo-
sofosma gaabaTila RmerTis arsebobis yvela damamtkicebeli sabuTi. daamtkica, rom SeuZlebelia,
VI Tavi
RmerTis arsebobis Teoriuli dasabuTeba. RmerTis arsebobis dasabuTeba man gadaitana moralis sferoSi,
RmerTis arseboba zneobrivi qcevis normad aqcia.
15
devid Strausi (1808_1874) _ germaneli RvTismetyveli da filosofosi. igi ambobda: kantma Tavis
sistemas RmerTis mosaTavseblad sakani miaSenao.
16
solovki _ soloveckis monasteri soloveckis kunZulze TeTr zRvaSi. daarsebulia XV s-Si. XVI s-
dan _ gadasaxlebis adgili.
361
ganswavlul, mere TaRliT eqimebTan, iqneb mkiTxavTanac mixvideT. Tavadac iciT, rom erTTanac,
meoresTanac da mesamesTanac misvla sruliad uazroa. bolos yovelive tragikulad mTavrdeba:
is, visac cota xnis win egona, raRacas ganvagebo, ficris yuTSi uZravadaa gaSotili. axloblebma
ician, rom misgan xeirs aRar unda moelodnen da RumelSi wvaven. xan ki uaresic SeiZleba moxdes:
kaci kislovodskSi wasvlas apirebs, _ ucxoelma moWutuli Tvalebi berliozs miapyro, _ TiT-
qos mTlad ioli saqmea, magram amasac ver axerxebs, radgan, vin icis ratom, uceb fexi ausxlteba
da tramvais Cauvardeba! nuTu Tqven metyviT, rom Tavisi nebiT Cauvarda? ufro swori ar iqne-
boda, gvefiqra, rom viRac sxva ganagebda mis beds? _ Tqva ucxoelma da ucnaurad gaicina.
berliozi uaRresi gulisyuriT usmenda laparaks sarkomasa da tramvaize da gonebas sa-
gangaSo azrebi uRrRnida. ùcxoeli araa... ucxoeli araa... _ fiqrobda igi, _ Zalze ucnauri
subieqtia... netavi gamagebina, vinaa!~
_ rogorc gatyobT, moweva gindaT. _ ucabedad mimarTa ucnobma bezdomnis, _ ra papirosi
girCevniaT?
_ gana Tqven sxvadasxvanairi papirosi gaqvT? _ pirquSad hkiTxa poetma, romelsac papiro-
si gasTaveboda.
_ romeli girCevniaT? _ isev hkiTxa ucnobma.
_ `Cveni marka~, _ brazianad upasuxa bezdomnim.
ucnobma imave wams jibidan portsigari amoiRo da bezdomnis SesTavaza:
_ `Cveni marka~...
redaqtoric da poetic ufro metad TviT portsigarma gaaoca, vidre im ambavma, rom port-
sigarSi swored `Cveni marka~ ewyo. portsigari uzarmazari gaxldaT, Tanac bajaRlo oqrosi,
da, roca patronma saxuravi axada, cisfrad da TeTrad gaielva briliantis samkuTxedma.
literatorebs TavSi sul sxvadasxva azrma gaurbina. àra, ucxoelia!..~ _ gaifiqra berli-
ozma. ùh, eSmakma dalaxvros!..~ _ gaifiqra bezdomnim.
poetma da portsigaris mflobelma gaaboles. berliozi ki ar eweoda da papirosze uari Tqva.
ài, ase unda Sevedavo, _ gadawyvita berliozma, _ diax, adamiani mokvdavia, amas aravin uar-
yofs, magram saqme isaa, rom...~
Tumca, sanam amis Tqmas moaswrebda, ucxoeli kvlav alaparakda:
_ diax, adamiani mokvdavia, magram es iseTi didi ubedureba ar iqneboda. cudi isaa, rom
adamiani zogjer anazdeulad mokvdavia. ai oini! da, saerTod, imis Tqmac ar SeuZlia, am saRamos
ras gaakeTebs.
`ras Cmaxavs?~ _ gaifiqra berliozma da Seedava:
_ es ki namdvilad gazviadebaa. am saRamos ras gavakeTeb, ase Tu ise zustad vici. ra Tqma
unda, Tu bronnaiaze gavlisas Tavze aguri ar damecema...
_ aguri umizezod TavSi aravis arasodes ecema, _ damajerebeli xmiT Seawyvetina ucnobma,
_ piradad Tqven ki aseTi ram, garwmunebT, namdvilad ar gemuqrebaT, radgan sxvanairi sikvdili
geliT.
_ iqneb Tqven iciT, ranairi sikvdili melis? _ sruliad bunebrivi ironiiT hkiTxa berli-
ozma. axla ki namdvilad raRac uazro laparakSi Caeba. _ Tu iciT, maS miTxariT!
_ siamovnebiT, _ upasuxa ucnobma. berliozi TvaliT ise gazoma, TiTqos kostiumis Sekervas
upirebso, da butbuts mohyva: _ èrTi, ori... merkuri meore saxlSi... mTvare Cavida... eqvsi _
ubedureba... saRamo _ Svidi...~ _ mere xmamaRla, mxiarulad SesZaxa: _ Tqven Tavs mogkveTen!
bezdomnim mouridebel ucxoels mrisxaned daubriala Tvalebi, berliozma ki calybad
gaiRima da hkiTxa:
_ mainc vin? mtrebi? interventebi?
VI Tavi
_ ara, _ upasuxa ucxoelma, _ rusi qali, komkavSireli.

_ hm... _ CailuRluRa ucxoelis xumrobiT gaRizianebulma berliozma, _ es ki, bodiSi da,
naklebadaa mosalodneli.
_ mec bodiSs gixdiT, _ uTxra ucxoelma, _ magram es asea. Tu saidumlo araa, xom ar metyviT,
362
ras apirebT am saRamos?
_ saidumlo araferia. axla Sin Sevivli sadovaiaze, mere ki, saRamos aT saaTze, massolitSi
Cemi TavmjdomareobiT kreba Catardeba.
_ ara, es SeuZlebelia, _ mtkiced Tqva ucxoelma.
_ ratom?
_ imitom, _ Tqva ucxoelma da moWutuli Tvalebi cas miapyro, sadac saRamos sigrilis
molodinSi uxmaurod dafrinavdnen Savi frinvelebi, _ rom anuSkam zeTi ukve iyida da, ara
marto iyida, daRvara kidec. ase rom, kreba aRar Catardeba.
cacxvebs qveS siCume Camovarda da es, ra Tqma unda, gasagebicaa.
_ ukacravad, magram, _ uTxra cota xnis siCumis Semdeg berliozma ucxoels, romelmac
aseTi sisulele moCmaxa, _ ra SuaSia zeTi... anda anuSka viRaa?
_ zeTi, ai, ra SuaSia, _ uceb Tqva bezdomnim. etyoboda, gadawyvita, daupatiJebeli stum-
risTvis omi gamoecxadebina, _ Tqven, moqalaqev, arasodes yofilxarT suliT avadmyofTa saa-
vadmyofoSi?!
_ ivan! _ xmadabla SesZaxa mixail aleqsandroviCma.
ucxoels odnavadac ar swyenia da gulianad, mxiarulad gaicina.
_ vyofilvar, mravaljer vyofilvar! _ SesZaxa siciliT, magram poets susxian mzeras ar
acilebda. _ sadRa ar vyofilvar! magram, samwuxarod, imisTvis ver movicale, profesorisTvis
mekiTxa, ra aris Sizofrenia. ise rom, Tavad Tqven gamohkiTxeT, ivan nikolaeviC!
_ saidan iciT Cemi saxeli?
_ rogor gekadrebaT, ivan nikolaeviC, Tqven vin ar gicnobT? _ ucxoelma jibidan amoiRo
`literaturnaia gazetas~ wina dRis nomeri. ivan nikolaeviCma pirvel gverdzeve dainaxa Tavisi
suraTi, suraTs qvemoT ki sakuTari leqsebi. magram saxelmoxveWilobisa da popularobis da-
mamowmebel sabuTs poeti axla odnavadac aRar gauxarebia, Tumca jer kidev guSin axarebda.
_ mapatieT, _ Tqva man da saxe Caumuqda, _ erT wuTs ver mogvicdiT? minda, amxanags oriode
sityva vuTxra.
_ siamovnebiT! _ SesZaxa ucnobma. _ cacxvebis CrdilSi jdoma ise saamoa. Tanac arsad meCqa-
reba.
poetma berliozi ganze gaiyvana da CasCurCula:
_ ici ra, miSa, eg ucxoeli turisti ki ara, jaSuSia. Semoparuli rusi emigrantia. sabuTebi
mosTxove, Torem wava...
_ ase ggonia? _ CaiCurCula SeSfoTebulma berliozma, gulSi ki gaifiqra: `marTals ambobs,
xom ici...~
_ damijere, _ CaxleCili xmiT CasCurCula yurSi poetma, _ Tavs isulelebs, rom raRac
wamogvacdeninos. xom naxe, rusulad rogor laparakobs, _ poeti Tan CurCulebda, Tan cali
Tvali ucxoelisken eWira, ar gaiparoso, _ wavideT, davakavoT, Torem gagveqceva...
poetma berliozi skamisken waiyvana.
ucnobi ki ar ijda, skamis gverdze idga da xelSi muqnacrisferydiani wignaki, kargi qaRal-
disgan damzadebuli sqeli konverti da sadarbazo baraTi eWira.
_ bodiSi, rom im cxare kamaTSi damaviwyda gagcnobodiT. ai Cemi sadarbazo baraTi, paspor-
ti da moskovSi sakonsultaciod Camosvlis mowveva, _ dinjad Tqva ucnobma da orive litera-
tors gamsWvalavi mzera miapyro.
isini Secbnen: èSmakma dalaxvros, yvelaferi gaugonia...~ _ gaifiqra berliozma da Tava-
zianad aniSna, sabuTebis Cveneba saWiro ar ariso. sanam ucxoeli redaqtors sabuTebs aCeCebda,
poetma Tvali mohkra warweras sadarbazo baraTze, waikiTxa ucxouri asoebiT dawerili sityva
`profesori~ da gvaris pirveli aso _ ormagi `v~. metis wakiTxva veRar moaswro.
_ didad sasiamovnoa, _ butbutebda am dros dabneuli redaqtori.
VI Tavi
ucxoelma sabuTebi jibeSi Caiwyo. amgvarad, adrindeli damokidebuleba aRdgenil iqna da

samiveni kvlav skamze Camosxdnen.
_ profesoro, Tqven konstultantad xarT mowveuli? _ hkiTxa berliozma.
_ diax, konsultantad.
363
_ germaneli xarT? _ hkiTxa bezdomnim.
_ me? _ Seyovnda profesori, erTxans raRacas fiqrobda da mere upasuxa: _ diax, germaneli
gaxlavarT..
_ rusulad ki mSvenivrad laparakobT, _ uTxra bezdomnim.
_ oh, me poligloti17 var da Zalze bevri ena vici, _ upauxa profesorma.
_ ra specialoba gaqvT? _ hkiTxa berliozma.
_ Savi magiis18 specialisti gaxlavarT.
ègec Sen!..~ _ gauelva TavSi mixail aleqsandroviCs da ucxoels enis borZikiT hkiTxa:
_ mere... CvenTan am specialobaze mogiwvies?
_ diax, am specialobaze momiwvies, _ daudastura profesorma da mere ganmarta: _ Tqvens
saxelmwifo biblioTekaSi aRmoaCines meaTe saukunis xelnawerebi jadoqar herbert avrileli-
sa19. hoda, am xelnawerTa gasarCevad momiwvies. me mTel msoflioSi erTaderTi specialisti var.
berliozs gulze moeSva.
_ aha! istorikosi xarT? _ hkiTxa man pativiscemiT.
_ diax, istorikosi gaxlavarT, _ daudastura mecnierma da mere moulodnelad daumata: _
am saRamos patriarqis tborebTan saintereso ambavi moxdeba.
redaqtori da poeti axlac usazRvrod gancvifrdnen. profesorma ki orives TiTi dauq-
nia da roca isini daixarnen, CurCuliT Tqva:
_ icodeT, rom ieso amqveynad arsebobda!
_ iciT, ra, profesoro, _ naZaladevi RimiliT uTxra berliozma, _ Cven pativs vcemT Tqvens
ganswavlulobas, magram am sakiTxze Tavad sul sxva azri gvaqvs.
_ ra saWiroa raime azri, _ upasuxa ucnaurma profesorma, _ ubralod arsebobda... morCa da
gaTavda.
_ amisTvis xom raime damamtkicebeli sabuTia saWiro... _ wamoiwyo berliozma.
_ arc raime sabuTia saWiro, _ upasuxa profesorma da xmas daudabla, Tanac aqcenti ratom-
Rac gauqra: _ yovelive martivadaa: gazafxulis Tvis, nisanis20 ToTxmets...
Tavi II
pilate pontoeli
gazafxulis Tvis, nisanis ToTxmets herode didis21 sasaxlis frTaTa Soris gadaxurul
kamaredze dilaadrianad mxedris moryeuli nabijiT gamovida mewamulsarCulian TeTr mo-
sasxamSi gaxveuli prokuratori22 iudeisa23 pilate pontoeli24.
17
poligloti _ bevri enis mcodne adamiani.
18
Savi magia _ ZiriTadad Sua saukuneebSi gavrcelebuli rwmena, romlis Tanaxmadac adamians àvsu-
lebTan~ dakavSireba SeuZlia.
19
herbert avrileli _ SemdgomSi romis papi silvestr II (gardaicvala 1003 wels), Tavisi drois erT-
erTi yvelaze ganaTlebuli kaci, filosofosi, maTematikosi, antikuri literaturis mcodne. axalgaz-
rdobisas imogzaura safrangeTsa da espaneTSi. Sua saukuneebis legendis Tanaxmad kordovis universi-
tetSi arabebisgan jadoqrobis xelovnebac Seiswavla.
20
nisani _ iudevelTa kalendris pirveli Tve, Seesabameba mart-aprils. nisanis ToTxmets, saRamos,
iwyeba ebraelTa paseqis dResaswauli.
21
herode didi (Zv. w. 73_4), iudeis mefe. romis politikis gamtarebeli. sastikad axSobda nebismier
antiromaul moZraobas. saxeli gaiTqva aRmSeneblobiT.
22
prokuratori _ romis imperiis provinciebSi imperatoris mier wargzavnili moxele. ZiriTadad
gadasaxadTa akrefa evaleboda. mcire provinciebSi imperatoris nacvladac iTvleboda.
23
iudea _ warmoiqmna israel-iudeis samefos daSlis (Zv. w. 935 w.) Semdeg. Zv. w. VI s-Si daipyres babilo-
nelebma, Semdeg sparselebma. Zv. w. 332 wels daipyro aleqsandre makedonelma. Zv. w. 167 wlis ajanyebis
VI Tavi
Sedegad damoukidebloba moipova. qveyanas marTavda xasmoneebis sagvareulo. Zv. w. 63 wels iudea romis
imperias daeqvemdebara. Zv. w. 40 wels romaelebma Zalaufleba herodeTa dinastias gadasces. ax. w. 6 wels
iudea iqca romis provinciad, romelsac romaeli prokuratori marTavda.
24
pilate pontoeli _ romaeli prokuratori iudeaSi 26_36 ww-Si. gamoirCeoda usazRvro sisastikiT,
mkacrad uswordeboda ajanyebulebs. saxarebis mixedviT, daamtkica ieso qristes sasikvdilo ganaCeni
364 da simbolurad xeli daibana. ganacxada, rom mas ki ara, iudevelTa qurumebs surdaT qristes mokvla.
prokurators amqveynad yvelaze ufro vardis zeTis suni sZulda da axla yovelive ugvan
dRes moaswavebda, radgan es surneli alionidanve ahyva.
prokurators eCveneboda, rom vardis surnelebas afrqvevda baRSi mdgari kviparosebi da
palmebi. eCveneboda, rom mcvelTa tyavis aRkazmulobisa da oflis suns saidanRac uerTdeboda
wyeuli vardis surnelebiT gaJRenTili Wavli.
sasaxlis ukana fligelebidan, sadac prokuratorTan erTad erSalaimSi25 mosuli me-12
elviseburi legionis26 pirveli kohorta27 idga, kvamli baRis zeda moedans efineboda da kama-
redamdec aRwevda. rogorc Cans, kenturiebis28 mzareulebi sadilis momzadebas Sesdgomodnen.
prokurators eCveneboda, rom momwaro kvamlsac vardis mZafri surneli ereoda.
ò, RmerTebo, RmerTebo, ase ratom msjiT?.. raRa Tqma unda, es isev is dauZleveli, saSineli
senia... hemikrania, roca kacs Tavis erTi mxare stkiva... am sens verafriT uwamleb, usaSveloa...
vecdebi, Tavi ar gavanZrio..~ _ gaifiqra prokuratorma.
SadrevanTan mozaikur iatakze savarZeli ukve gaemzadebinaT. prokurators zedac ara-
visTvis Seuxedavs, ise dajda da xeli gverdze gaiwoda. mdivanma gamowvdil xelSi etrati mo-
wiwebiT Caudo. prokuratorma Tavi ver Seikava da tkivilisgan saxe daemanWa, naweri cali Tva-
liT swrafad CaaTvaliera, etrati mdivans daubruna da gaWirvebiT warmoTqva:
_ galileveli29 braldebuli? tetrarqs30 saqme gaugzavneT?
_ diax, prokuratoro, _ upasuxa mdivanma.
_ mere rao?
_ daskvnis gamotanaze uari Tqva da sinedrionis31 sasikvdilo ganaCeni dasamtkiceblad
Tqven gamogigzavnaT, _ moaxsena mdivanma.
prokuratorma yba moRrica da wynarad Tqva:
_ braldebuli moiyvaneT.
imave wams orma legionerma kamareds qveS moqceuli baRis moednidan aivanze gamoiyvana da
prokuratoris savarZlis win daayena ase ocdaSvidi wlis kaci. kacs ZvelisZveli, dafxrewili,
cisferi kvarTi ecva, Tavze ebura Subls irgvliv RvedSemoWerili TeTri xilabandi, xelebi
ki zurgs ukan hqonda gakruli. marcxena Tvali Calurjeboda, gaxeTqil tuCze sisxli Sexmo-
boda. axla SiSnarevi cnobismoyvareobiT uyurebda prokurators.
prokuratori erTxans dumda, mere wynari xmiT hkiTxa arameul enaze:
_ maS Sen aqezebdi xalxs, erSalaimis taZari daangrieTo?
prokuratori qvisgan gamokveTiliviT ijda. laparakisas tuCebs odnav arxevda. gaqvave-
buliviT imitom ijda, rom jojoxeTis cecxlSemogznebuli Tavis ganZrevisa eSinoda.
xelgakruli kaci odnav win gadaixara da wamoiwyo:
_ keTilo kaco! merwmune...
prokuratori arc ki Serxeula, xmis aumaRleblad imave wams Seawyvetina laparaki:
_ me miwodeb keTil kacs? cdebi. erSalaimSi yvela imas CurCulebs Cemze, saSineli urCxu-
liao. marTalsac amboben. _ mere aseve monotonurad daumata: _ kenturion32 TagvTmmusvrels
mouxmeT.
25
erSalaimi (ierusalimis ebrauli forma) _ iudevelTa Zveli saxelmwifos dedaqalaqi. Zv. w. 63
wels romaelebma daipyres.
26
legioni _ Zvel romSi armiis ZiriTadi erTeuli. imperator oqtaviane avgustusis (Zv. w. 63 _ ax. w.
14) droidan legionSi 7 aTasi kaci iTvleboda.
27
kohorta _ Zvel romSi legionis nawili. legioni 10 kohortisagan Sedgeboda.
28
kenturia (laTinurad centuria, avtori berZnul gamoTqmas xmarobs) _ Zvel romSi kohortis
nawili. kohorta 6_7 centuriisagan Sedgeboda.
VI Tavi
29
galilea _ romaelTa batonobis xanaSi palestinis CrdiloeTi mxare. saxarebis mixedviT ieso
qriste am mxareSi qadagebda.
30
tetrarqi _ romis imperiis xanaSi provinciis meoTxedi nawilis mmarTveli.
31
sinedrioni _ Zv. w. III_I ss-Si uxucesTa sabWo ierusalimSi. romaelTa batonobis xanaSi iudeis umaR-
lesi sasamarTloc, romlis sxdomebi ierusalimis taZarSi imarTeboda.
32
kenturioni _ kenturiis ufrosi, meTauri.
365
roca sagangebo kenturiis ken-
turioni markusi, metsaxelad Tag-
vTmmusvreli, prokuratoris winaSe
warsdga, yvelas moeCvena, rom aivan-
ze Camobnelda. TagvTmmusvreli
legionis yvelaze maRal jariskac-
ze mTeli TaviT maRali da iseTi
mxarbeWiani iyo, rom mTlad dafara
saSubistareze amosuli mze.
_ damnaSave `keTil kacs~ miwo-
debs. erTi wuTiT aqedan gaiyvaneT
da auxseniT, rogor unda mommar-
Tos, oRond ar daasaxiCroT. _ la-
Tinurad uTxra kenturions proku-
ratorma.
gaqvavebuli prokuratoris
garda yvelam Tvali gaayola markus
TagvTmmusvrels, romelmac pati-
mars xeli dauqnia, aniSna, ukan ga-
momyevio.
TagvTmmusvreli sadac ar unda
gamoCeniliyo, yvela Tvals gaayo-
lebda xolme simaRlis gamo, xolo
vinc pirvelad xedavda, imis gamoc, rom saxe dasaxiCrebuli hqonda: odesRac cxviri germanulma
kverTxma gaupo.
mozaikur iatakze markusis mZime Ceqmebis xma gaisma. xelgakruli patimari ukan uxmaurod
gahyva. aivanze siCume Camovarda. mxolod baRidan moismoda mtredebis RuRuni da Sadrevani
raRac sasiamovno hangs mReroda.
prokurators undoda wamomdgariyo, safeTqeli Sadrevnis WavlisTvis mieSvira da gayuCe-
buliyo, magram icoda, rom es arafers uSvelida.
markusma patimari kamaredidan baRSi gaiyvana, brinjaos qandakebasTan mdgar legioners
Solti gamoarTva, msubuqad moiqnia da patimars beWebze gadahkra. Tumca kenturionma Solti
Zaldautaneblad moiqnia, xelgakruli wamsve Zirs ise daenarcxa, TiTqos fexebi mohkveTeso,
sunTqva Seekra, feri dakarga da TvalebSi uazro gamometyveleba Caesaxa.
markusma waqceuli cali xeliT msubuqad, cariel tomarasaviT aitaca da fexze daayena.
_ romael prokurators hegemoni33 unda uwodo. sxvanairad mimarTva ar SeiZleba. morCilad
unda idge. gaige, Tu kidev dagkra? _ uTxra patimars markusma dudRuniT. arameul sityvebs
gaWirvebiT gamoTqvamda.
patimari dabarbacda, magram Tavi Seikava, feri daubrunda, suli moiTqva da CaxleCili
xmiT upasuxa:
_ gavige, nuRar mcem.
erTi wuTis Semdeg igi isev prokuratoris winaSe idga.
_ saxeli? _ gaisma usicocxlo, avadmyofuri xma.
_ Cemi? _ swrafad hkiTxa patimarma. cdilobda, mTeli arsebiT gamoexata, rom surda, dala-
gebulad epasuxa da prokuratori aRar ganerisxebina.
_ Seni, maS Cemi? nu cdilob, Tavi imaze ufro sulelad momaCveno, vidre xar. ra gqvia? _
VI Tavi
xmadabla hkiTxa prokuratorma.

_ ieSua34, _ swrafad upasuxa patimarma.
33
hegemoni (berZn.) _ beladi, winamZRoli, mbrZanebeli.
34
ieSua _ iesos ebrauli forma, niSnavs mxsnels. ieso elinizebuli formaa. qriste berZnuli Targma-
366 nia ebrauli mesiasi, rac niSnavs mironcxebuls.
_ metsaxeli gaqvs?
_ ha-nocri.
_ saidana xar?
_ qalaq gamalidan35, _ upasuxa patimarma da TaviT aniSna, rom iq, sadRac Sors, marjvniv,
CrdiloeTiT iyo qalaqi gamala.
_ ra modgmisa xar?
_ zustad ar vici, _ mkvircxlad upasuxa patimarma, _ mSoblebi ar maxsovs. meubnebodnen,
mamaSeni sirieli iyoo...
_ sad cxovrob?
_ mudmivi samyofeli ara maqvs, _ morcxvad Tqva patimarma, _ qalaqidan qalaqSi vmogzaurob.
_ es mokled, erTi sityviT SeiZleba iTqvas, mawanwala yofilxar, _ uTxra prokurorma da
mere hkiTxa: _ naTesavebi gyavs?
_ aravin, uTvistomo var.
_ wera-kiTxva ici?
_ diax.
_ arameulis garda sxva ena Tu ici?
_ vici. berZnuli.
Sesiebuli quTuTo odnav aiwia. tanjvisgan bindgadakruli Tvali patimars daacqerda. meo-
re Tvali daxuWuli darCa.
_ maS Sen apirebdi taZris dangrevas da xalxs aqezebdi? _ berZnulad hkiTxa pilatem pati-
mars.
patimari kvlav gamococxlda, TvalebSi SiSi gauqra da berZnulad upasuxa:
_ keT... _ Tqva es da TvalebSi SiSis naperwkalma gauelva imis gamo, rom kinaRam wamoscda, _
hegemono, me arasodes damipirebia taZris dangreva da arc aravin gamiqezebia, rom aseTi ugu-
nureba Caedina.
mdivans saxeze gaoceba gamoexata. igi dabal magidasTan ijda da Tavdaxrili iwerda Cvene-
bas. axla Tavi aswia, magram myisve kvlav etratSi Cargo.
_ am qalaqSi dResaswaulze aTasnairi xalxi iyris Tavs. modian mogvebi, varskvlavTmric-
xvelebi, winaswarmetyvelebi da mkvlelebi, _ monotonurad ambobda prokuratori, _ maT Soris
matyuarebic arian xolme. Sen, magaliTad, matyuara xar. cxadad weria, xalxs aqezebda taZari
daangrieTo. mowmeebic arian.
_ im keTil xalxs, _ daiwyo patimarma da swrafad daayola: _ hegemono... _ mere ganagrZo: _
...araferi uswavlia da Cemi naTqvami mTlad aur-dauries. vSiSob, es arev-dareva Zalze didxans
gastans mxolod imis gamo, rom is Cems naTqvams arasworad iwers.
erTxans siCume Camovarda. axla orive mtkivani Tvali duned umzerda patimars.
_ ukanasknelad gimeoreb, giJad nu maCveneb Tavs, aramzadav, _ Tqva pilatem rbilad da monoto-
nurad, _ Senze cota ram weria, magram rac weria, isic kmara imisaTvis, rom Zelze gagakraT.
_ ara, ara, hegemono, _ patimari mTlad daiZaba, rom pilate rogorme daerwmunebina, _
erTi kaci yvelgan Tan damdevs Txis etratiT da gamudmebiT iwers. magram erTxel Cavixede
etratSi da SevZrwundi. erTi sityvac ar miTqvams, rac iq ewera. Sevexvewe, dawvi eg etrati-
meTqi. magram naweri xelidan gamomtaca da gaiqca.
_ vin gaiqca? _ zizRiT hkiTxa pilatem da safeTqelze xeli moisva.
_ levi maTe36, _ xalisiT upasuxa patimarma, _ adre gadasaxadis amkrefi iyo. pirvelad beT-
bagis37 gzaze Semxvda, leRvis baRTan. me gamovelaparake. jer amiTvalwuna da gamomlanZRa kidec,
VI Tavi
35
gamala _ qalaqi Zvel palestinaSi.
36
levi maTe _ saxarebis mixedviT mociquli da evangelisti, qristes erT-erTi Tormet mowafeTagani.
vidre qristes mowafe gaxdeboda, iyo mezvere _ gadasaxadTa amkrefi, rac iudeaSi yvelaze damamcireblad
iTvleboda. Tavdapirvelad levi erqva, Semdeg ki upiratesad maTe ewodeboda.
37
beTbage _ sofeli Zvel palestinaSi beTaniis maxloblad, ierusalimidan ieriqonisken mimaval
gzaze. ganTqmuli iyo leRvis baRebiT. TviT saxelwodeba ebraulad leRvovans niSnavs.
367
ufro sworad, egona mlanZRavda, ZaRls rom meZaxda, _ Tqva es patimarma da Caicina: _ Tavad me
am cxovels cuds verafers vamCnev da am sityvas sawyenad arc miviReb.
mdivanma weras Tavi mianeba da qveS-qveS gaocebiT Sexeda, oRond patimars ki ara, prokura-
tors.
_ ...magram roca moismina, molba, _ ganagrZobda ieSua, _ bolos fuli gzaze dayara da miTxra,
sadac waxval, gamogyvebio...
pilatem cali ybiT gaicina da CayviTlebuli kbilebi gamoaCina, mTeli taniT Sebrunda
mdivnisken da Caulaparaka:
_ o, ra qalaqia es erSalaimi! ras ar gaigonebs aq kaci! geyurebaT, gadasaxadebis amkrefma
fuli gzaze gadayarao!
mdivanma ar icoda, ra epasuxa, da arCia, pilatesaviT gaeRima.
_ man Tqva, dReidan fuli SemZuldao, _ ganmarta levi maTes ucnauri saqcieli ieSuam
da mere daumata: _ mas Semdeg aRar momcilebia.
prokuratoris saxeze almaceri Rimili jer kidev ar gaqroboda. man jer patimars Sexeda
da mere Tvali mzes miapyro. mze sul zeviT da zeviT miiwevda da ukve ascda qvemoT, marjvniv,
Sors gadaSlil hipodromze aRmarTul cxenis qandakebebs. tkivilisagan ganawamebma proku-
ratorma gaifiqra, rom yvelaze ioli iqneboda, es ucnauri avazaki Tavidan moecilebina. amisaT-
vis kmaroda warmoeTqva orad ori sityva _ `Zelze gaakariT!~ mere mcvelebs gayrida, kamare-
didan sasaxleSi Sevidoda, oTaxs Caabnelebinebda, sawolze miegdeboda, civ wyals moatani-
nebda, bangas, sayvarel ZaRls, sacodavi xmiT mouxmobda da SesCivlebda, hemikraniam gamtanjao.
uceb tkivilisagan gabruebul TavSi macdunebelma azrma gauelva, tanjvisTvis sawamlaviT mo-
eRo bolo.
prokuratori TvalamRvreuli uyurebda patimars da erTxans dumda, cdilobda, gaexsene-
bina, am dilas erSalaimis umowyalo Takara mzis qveS ratom idga mis win nacemi, saxedasaxiCre-
buli kaci da kidev ra zedmeti, yovlad usargeblo kiTxvebi unda mieca misTvis.
_ levi maTe? _ CaxleCili xmiT hkiTxa sneulma da Tvalebi daxuWa.
_ diax, levi maTe, _ yurSi Caesma maRali, mtanjveli xma.
_ Sen is miTxari, bazarSi mogrovil brbos mainc ras eubnebodi taZris Sesaxeb?
_ hegemono, imas vambobdi, rom daemxoba Zveli rwmenis taZari da aRimarTeba axali taZari
WeSmaritebisa. ase imitom vTqvi, rom ufro gasagebi yofiliyo, _ upasuxa patimarma.
pilates eCveneboda, rom mopasuxis xma safeTqelSi Cxvletda da es uzomod tanjavda.
_ mawanwalav, ratom aSfoTebdi bazarSi TavSeyril xalxs? ra galaparakebda WeSmaritebaze,
razedac warmodgena ara gaqvs? ra aris WeSmariteba?
Tqva es prokuratorma da umalve gaifiqra: ò, RmerTebo! iseT raRacas vekiTxebi, rac
sasamarTloze sakiTxavi ar aris... goneba aRar memorCileba...~ mere isev moeCvena muqi siTxiT
savse Tasi. `sawamlavi momeciT, sawamlavi...~
am dros isev Caesma xma:
_ WeSmariteba pirvel yovlisa is aris, rom Tavi gtkiva, Tan ise Zalian gtkiva, sulmokled
sikvdilze fiqrob. marto laparaki ki ar giWirs, isic ar ZalgiZs, rom Semomxedo. axla Cemda-
uneburad Seni jalaTi var da es Zalze mawuxebs. Sen fiqris Tavic aRar gaqvs da mxolod imaze
ocnebob, rom movides Seni ZaRli, albaT erTaderTi sayvareli arseba. magram Sens tanjvas
axlave bolo moeReba, Tavis tkivili gagivlis.
mdivanma weras Tavi aneba da patimars Tvalebi SeaWyita.
pilatem tanjvis gamomxatveli mzera patimars miapyro da dainaxa, rom mze karga maRla
idga hipodroms zemoT, kamaredSi SemoWrili sxivi ieSuas mobrecili sandlebisken micocavda
VI Tavi
da patimari mzes Tavs aridebda.

prokuratori savarZlidan wamodga, xelebi Tavze SemoiWdo da gayviTlebul, gaparsul
saxeze SiSi gamoesaxa. magram Tavs Zala daatana, SiSi daZlia da kvlav savarZelze daeSva.
patimari ki isev ganagrZobda laparaks, magram mdivani aRarafers iwerda, kiseri bativiT
368 waegrZelebina da cdilobda, arc erTi sityva ar gamohparvoda.
_ xom giTxari, gagivlis-meTqi, _ uTxra patimarma pilates, Tan sikeTis gamomxatvel Tva-
lebs ar acilebda, _ rarig mixaria!.. ici ra, hegemono, girCev, erTxans miatovo sasaxle da
fexiT gaiseirno sadme qalaqis ganapiras, Tundac zeTisxilis mTis38 baRebSi. avdari... _ patimari
Setrialda, Tvalebi moWuta da mzes gaxeda, _ ...gvian, saRamos daiwyeba. seirnoba didad gar-
gebda, mec siamovnebiT gamogyvebodi. TavSi raRac axali azrebi momivida. es azrebi, vgoneb,
sagulisxmod unda geCvenos da xalisiT gagiziarebdi, radgan, getyoba, Zalian Wkviani kaci
unda iyo.
mdivans mkvdris feri daedo da gragnili xelidan gauvarda.
_ ubedureba is aris, _ ganagrZobda patimari, raki aravin SeaCera, _ rom Zalze gulCaxveuli
xar da adamianebisa aRaraferi gwams. albaT dameTanxmebi, ar SeiZleba mTeli siyvaruli ZaRls
miuZRvna. Sen ubadrukad cxovrob, hegemono, _ Tqva es patimarma da Tavs gaRimebis neba misca.
mdivani axla imasRa fiqrobda, daejerebina sakuTari yurebisTvis Tu ara. ras izamda, unda
daejerebina. mere cada, warmoedgina mainc, rogori iqneboda mrisxaneba, patimris gaugonari
Tavxedoba rom amoanTxevinebda isedac ficx prokurators. magram verc es warmoidgina, Tumca
prokurators kargad icnobda.
am dros mowyvetiT gaisma prokuratoris CaxleCili xma.
_ xelebi gauxseniT! _ brZana man laTinurad.
erTma mcvelma legionerma Subi JRaruniT gadasca meore legioners, patimarTan mivida
da Toki Sexsna. mdivanma iatakidan gragnili aiRo, gadawyvita, jerjerobiT araferi Caewera
da araferi gahkvirveboda.
_ gamotydi, _ xmadabla, berZnulad uTxra pilatem patimars, _ yovlisSemZle eqimi xar?
_ ara, prokuratoro, eqimi ara var, _ upasuxa patimarma, Tan kmayofilebiT izelda dabeJil,
Sesiebul, CawiTlebul xelebs.
warbSekruli pilate patimars TvalebiT burRavda. axla Tvalebi amRvreuli aRar hqonda
da yvelasTvis nacnob naperwklebs akvesebda.
_ me jer ar mikiTxavs, _ uTxra pilatem patimars, _ iqneb laTinuric ici?
_ vici, _ upasuxa patimarma.
pilates CayviTlebul loyebze siwiTlem gadahkra da patimars laTinurad hkiTxa:
_ rogor mixvdi, rom ZaRlis daZaxeba mindoda?
_ Zalian iolad, _ upasuxa patimarma laTinurad, _ xels haerSi arxevdi, _ patimarma pilates
Jesti gaimeora, _ TiTqos ZaRlis mofereba gindoda da tuCebiT...
_ ho, _ Tqva pilatem.
erTxans dumdnen, mere pilatem berZnulad hkiTxa:
_ maS eqimi xar?
_ ara, ara, _ mkvircxlad upasuxa patimarma, _ merwmune, eqimi ara var.
_ kargi, Tu ginda, rom saidumlod Seinaxo, Seinaxe. saqmesTan pirdapiri kavSiri amas ara
aqvs. maS amtkiceb, rom xalxs ar aqezebdi, taZari daengriaT... an daewvaT, an sxva raime xerxiT
moespoT?
_ hegemono, vimeoreb, amgvari ramis Casadenad aravin wamiqezebia. gana gonnakluls vgavar?
_ o, ara, gonnakluls ar hgavxar, _ wynarad upasuxa prokuratorma da Semzaravad gaiRima,
_ maS daifice, rom es ar Cagidenia.
_ ra ginda rom davifico? _ Zalze mkvircxlad hkiTxa xelgaxsnilma patimarma.
_ Tundac sakuTari sicocxle, _ upasuxa prokuratorma, _ swored droa, rom ificavde,
radgan Seni sicocxle bewvze hkidia, gesmis?
_ xom ar ggonia, hegemono, rom Cemi sicocxle bewvze Sen dahkide? _ hkiTxa patimarma. _ Tu
VI Tavi
ggonia, Zalian cdebi.

pilate SekrTa da kbilebSi gamoscra:
38
zeTisxilis mTa _ ierusalimis aRmosavleTiT, kedronis gaRma. saxarebis mixedviT qriste RamRa-
mobiT salocavad iq ganmartovdeboda xolme.
369
_ me SemiZlia im bewvis gadaWra.
_ amaSic cdebi, _ Seedava patimari. gulRiad gaiRima da xeliT mze moiCrdila. _ albaT
dameTanxmebi, rom bewvis gadaWra mxolod imas SeuZlia, vinc Seaba.
_ ho, _ RimiliT uTxra pilatem, _ aRar meeWveba, rom erSalaimeli uqnarebi fexdafex dag-
devdnen. ar vici, ena vin Segaba, magram kargad ki Seubams. axla is miTxari, marTalia, rom erSa-
laimSi suzis karibWidan virze Semjdari39 Semoxvedi, Tan mdabioTa brbo mogyveboda da yviri-
liT gesalmeboda, rogorc winaswarmetyvels? _ prokuratorma etratis gragnilze miuTiTa.
patimarma gaocebiT Sexeda prokurators.
_ hegemono, me viri ara myavs, _ Tqva man, _ erSalaimSi marTlac suzis karibWidan Semovedi,
magram fexiT movdiodi, mxolod levi maTe maxlda da arc aravin miyviroda rames, radgan
maSin erSalaimSi aravin micnobda.
_ aba, miTxari, _ ganagrZobda pilate da patimars Tvals ar acilebda, _ Tu icnob vinme
dismass, gestass da bar-rabans?40
_ am keTil xalxs ar vicnob, _ upasuxa patimarma.
_ marTals ambob?
_ marTals vambob.
_ axla is miTxar, ra sul amas imeoreb, keTili xalxi da keTili xalxio. Sen yvelas keTils
uwodeb?
_ yvelas, _ upasuxa patimarma, _ qveynad boroti adamiani ar arsebobs.
_ pirvelad mesmis, _ Caicina pilatem, _ magram iqneb kargad ar vicnob cxovrebas! SegiZliaT,
aRar CaiweroT, _ miubrunda mdivans, Tumca is isedac aRarafers iwerda. mere isev patimars
mimarTa: _ Sen es romelime berZnul wignSi amoikiTxe?
_ ara, sakuTari gonebiT davaskveni.
_ da amas qadageb?
_ diax.
_ ai, magaliTad, keTilia kenturioni markusi, TagvTmmusvreli rom Searqves?
_ diax, _ upasuxa patimarma, _ Tumca ubeduri kacia. mas Semdeg, rac keTilma adamianebma
daasaxiCres, gamZvinvarda da guli gauqvavda. netavi vin daasaxiCra?
_ siamovnebiT mogaxseneb, _ uTxra pilatem, _ Tavad viyav amis mowme. keTili xalxi ise
waesia, rogorc ZaRlebi daTvs waesevian xolme. germanelebi waswvdnen kiserSi, fexebSi da
xelebSi. qveiTi manipula41 alyaSi moeqca da flangidan cxenosanTa turmas42 rom ar Seetia,
romelsac me vsardlobdi, Sen, filosofoso, TagvTmmusvrelTan laparaki ar mogiwevda. es
moxda idistavizosTan brZolaSi, qalwulTa velze.
_ me rom masTan malaparaka, _ uceb Tqva ocnebamoreulma patimarma, _ uTuod Zalze Seic-
vleboda.
_ me mgoni, _ uTxra pilatem, _ legionis legats43 maincdamainc ver gaaxarebdi, romelime
oficers an jariskacs Tu gaubamdi saubars. Tumca, sabednierod, es ar moxdeba, radgan saamisod,
upirveles yovlisa, me vizruneb.
39
virze Semjdari... _ saxarebis mixedviT ieso qriste ierusalimSi virze Semjdari Sevida. xalxi
gzaze xis rtoebs ufenda da RaRadisiT egebeboda.
40
bar-rabani _ qarTul saxarebaSi baraba. mcdari wakiTxviT Ze moZRvrisa (`bar~ _ ebraulad Zes niS-
navs, xolo `rabi~ _ moZRvars), namdvilad ki Ze abasi. cnobili aleqsandrieli RvTismetyvelis origenes
cnobiT, saxarebis zogierT xelnawerSi iyo saxeli ìeso baraba~, anu ieso Ze abasi. barabas sakuTari saxeli
ieso, rogorc Cans, saxarebis xelnawerebidan amoiRes mas Semdeg, rac saxeli ieso wmindaTawminda gaxda.
VI Tavi
41
manipula _ romaelTa legionis taqtikuri qveganayofi. Tavdapirvelad legionSi 10 manipula
Sedioda, Semdeg ki es ricxvi 30-mde gaizarda. manipula 2 centuriad iyofoda.
42
turma _ cxenosanTa eskadronis (alas) qveganayofi romaelTa armiaSi. ala Sedgeboda 10 turmisagan.
TiToeul turmaSi 30 mxedari iTvleboda.
43
legati _ Zvel romSi senatis wargzavnili elCi an rwmunebuli, romelic politikur davalebas
370 asrulebda. iulius keisris droidan legatebs legionebis meTaurobas akisrebdnen.
am dros kamaredSi isariviT SemoiWra mercxali, mooqrul WerqveS wre Semoavlo, dabla
daeSva, niSSi Cadgmul brinjaos qandakebas kinaRam saxeze frTa gahkra da svetis Tavs miefara.
vin icis, iqneb iq budis aSenebas apirebda.
vidre mercxali dafrinavda, prokuratoris amJamad naTel, fxizel gonebaSi formula
Camoyalibda. es formula aseTi iyo: hegemonma gaarCia moxetiale filosofosis, ieSuas, met-
saxelad ha-nocris saqme da danaSaulis kvali ver aRmoaCina. kerZod, veraviTari kavSiri ver
naxa ieSuas moqmedebasa da erSalaimSi cota xnis win momxdar areulobas Soris. moxetiale
filosofosi suliT avadmyofi aRmoCnda, amitom mcire sinedrionis44 mier ha-nocrisTvis ga-
motanil sasikvdilo ganaCens prokuratori ar amtkicebs. magram imis gamo, rom ha-nocris
Sleguri, utopiuri qadageba, SesaZloa, erSalaimSi mRelvarebis mizezad iqces, prokuratorma
ieSua erSalaims unda moacilos da satusaRoSi gadagzavnos xmelTaSua zRvis sanapiroze, stra-
tonis kesariaSi45, anu swored iq, sadac prokuratoris rezidenciaa.
axla isRa darCenoda, rom yovelive mdivnisTvis ekarnaxa.
mercxalma hegemonis Tavs zemoT frTa frTas Semohkra, Sadrevans Cauqrola da gareT ga-
iWra. prokuratorma patimars Sexeda da dainaxa, rom mis gverdiT mtvris sveti brwyinavda.
_ braldebulis Sesaxeb yvelaferi momaxseneT? _ hkiTxa pilatem mdivans.
_ samwuxarod, ara, _ moulodnelad upasuxa mdivanma da pilates etratis meore gragnili
miawoda.
_ es raRaa? _ hkiTxa pilatem da moiRuSa.
roca etrati CaaTvaliera, saxe ufro metad Seecvala. kiserze da saxeze muqi sisxli moawva
Tu sxva raRac daemarTa, yviTeli feri dakarga, kani Caumuqda da Tvalebi TiTqos Caucvivda.
es albaT isev imis brali iyo, rom sisxli safeTqlebSi auvarda, mxedvelobasac raRac da-
emarTa. moeCvena, rom patimris Tavi sadRac gaqra da gamqrali Tavis nacvlad sxva Tavi gamoeba.
melot Tavze meCxerkbila oqros gvirgvini edga. Sublze malamowasmuli mrgvali wyluli hqon-
da. wyluls kani mTlad moeWama. patimars ukbilo piri Cavardnoda, qveda bage Zirs Wirveulad
dasweoda. pilates moeCvena, rom aivnis vardisferi svetebi da Sors, baRsqvemoT gadaSlili
erSalaimis saxuravebi sadRac gaqra da irgvliv yovelive kapreis46 baRebis xSir simwvaneSi
CaiZira. smenasac raRac daemarTa: TiTqos Sors xmadabla, mrisxaned Cahberes sayvirs da Zalze
mkafiod moesma qedmaRlurad, gawelviT, cxvirismieri xmiT naTqvami sityvebi: `kanoni romaeli
xalxis sidiadis damcirebis Sesaxeb...~47
prokurators TavSi gaurbina mokle, erTmaneTTan daukavSirebelma da uCveulo azrebma.
`daiRupa!..~ mere `daviRupeT!..~ mere aekviata am azrTa Soris yvelaze ucnauri azri ukvdavebaze.
Tanac ukvdaveba ratomRac autanel sevdas hgvrida.
pilate daiZaba, moCveneba Tavidan moiSora, mzera aivans daubruna da kvlav patimris Tva-
lebs waawyda.
_ mismine, ha-nocri, _ Tqva prokuratorma, Tan ieSuas Zalze ucnaurad uyurebda: Subli
mkacrad SeeWmuxna, magram Tvalebi SeSfoTebas gamoxatavda, _ rodesme giTqvams raime did
keisarze?48 mipasuxe! giTqvams?.. Tu... ar... giTqvams? _ pilatem sityva àr~ ufro mkveTrad da
44
mcire sinedrioni _ sasamarTlo ierusalimSi. Sedgeboda 23 kacisgan. arCevda sajarimo saqmeebs.
didi sinedroni 71 kacisgan Sedgeboda da didi politikuri mniSvnelobis saqmeebs ganixilavda.
45
stratonis kesaria _ anu palestinis kesaria, aSenebuli herode didis mier xmelTaSua zRvis sana-
piroze stratonis Zveli koSkis adgilas. kesaria daerqva keisar avgustusis pativsacemad. iyo romael
prokuratorTa rezidencia da qveynis sazogadoebriv-politikuri cxovrebis centri.
46
kaprea _ kunZul kapris Zveli saxelwodeba. mdebareobs neapolis yuris samxreT nawilSi. Zv. w. 26
wels imperatorma tiberiusma romi miatova, kapreaze dasaxlda da sicocxlis ukanaskneli 10 weli iq
gaatara. romSi ki misi nacvali ijda.
VI Tavi
47
kanoni romaeli xalxis sidiadis damcirebis Sesaxeb _ SemoiRo romaelma saxalxo tribunma apu-
leiusma Zv. w. 103 wels. am kanonis ZaliT sjidnen, visac bralad edeboda romaeli xalxisaTvis zianis
miyeneba an Seuracxyofa. imperatorma oqtavianem es kanoni aRadgina. imperatori tiberiusi am kanons
moxerxebulad iyenebda Tavisi mtrebis winaaRmdeg.
48
keisari _ Zvel romSi Tavdapirvelad patriciebis sagvareulos _ iuliusebis erT-erTi Stos saxeli.
imperiis periodSi am saxels iRebda yvela imperatori (iulius keisris pativsacemad).
371
gabmulad warmoTqva, vidre sasamarTlos kanoni amis nebas aZlevda, da ieSuas ise daacqerda,
TiTqos raRac azris Cagoneba undoda.
_ simarTlis Tqma ioli da saamoa, _ Tqva patimarma.
_ me ar msurs Sevityo, _ yru, avi xmiT uTxra pilatem, _ geameba Tu ar geameba simarTlis
Tqma. sxva gza ki ara gaqvs, unda Tqva. magram vidre ityode, yoveli sityva awon-dawone, Tu
sikvdili ar mognatrebia... wamebiT sikvdili...
aravin icis, ra daemarTa iudeis prokurators, magram man Tavs neba misca, xeli aRemarTa,
TiTqos mze unda moiCrdiloso, aRmarTul xels amoefara da patimars ise Sexeda, TiTqos ra-
Racas aniSnebso.
_ maS ase, _ Tqva man, _ mipasuxe: icnob Tu ara vinme iuda kiriaTels49 da Tu elaparakebodi
keisris Sesaxeb, ras elaparakebodi?.
_ es ambavi ase moxda, _ xalisiT daiwyo moyola patimarma, _ guSinwin saRamos taZarTan
erTi axalgazrda kaci gavicani. miTxra, iuda mqvia, qalaq kiriaTidana50 varo. Sin mimipatiJa
qvemo qalaqSi51 da gamimaspinZlda...
_ keTili kacia? _ hkiTxa pilatem da TvalebSi satanurma naperwkalma gauelva.
_ Zalze keTili da codnis moyvaruli kacia, _ daudastura patimarma, _ Cemma azrebma Zalian
gaitaca da gulRiad damixvda...
_ lampari aanTo... _ kbilebSi gamoscra pilatem imave kiloTi, rogorc patimari lapara-
kobda, Tan Tvalebi aucimcimda.
_ diax, _ cota ar iyos gaukvirda ieSuas, ra icis, lampari rom aanToo. mere ganagrZo: _
mTxova, saxelmwifo xelisuflebaze azri gamomeTqva. es sakiTxi Zalian ainteresebda.
_ mere ra uTxari? _ hkiTxa pilatem. _ iqneb Tqva, damaviwyda, ra vuTxario? _ magram mis
xmaSi ukve uimedoba gamosWvioda.
_ me vuTxari, _ ambobda patimari, _ rom yoveli xelisufleba adamianTa mimarT Zalmomre-
obaa da rom dadgeba dro, roca aRar iqneba aRarc keisrebis da aRarc vinme sxvaTa xelisufleba.
adamiani daimkvidrebs WeSmaritebisa da samarTlianobis meufebas da xelisufleba saerTod
aRar iqneba saWiro.
_ Semdeg?
_ Semdeg aRaraferi yofila, Tqva patimarma, _ es vTqvi Tu ara, xalxi Semocvivda, xeli
gamikres da sapatimroSi wamiyvanes.
mdivani swrafad werda etratze, cdilobda, arc erTi sityva ar gamorCenoda.
_ qveynad ar yofila, ar aris da arc arasodes iqneba ufro diadi da xalxis sakeTildReod
movlenili xelisufleba, vidre imperator tiberiusis52 xelisuflebaa! _ pilates avadmyofur
xmas TandaTan Zala Seemata.
prokuratori mdivans da mcvelebs ratomRac siZulviliT uyurebda.
_ es Seni gansasjeli ar aris, ugunuro damnaSavev! _ Tqva pilatem da mere Sehyvira: _ mcve-
lebi aivnidan gaiyvaneT! _ Semdeg mdivans miubrunda: _ patimarTan marto damtoveT, aq saxel-
mwifo saqmea!
mcvelebma Subebi aRmarTes da danaluli kaligebis53 mwyobri baguniT aivnidan baRSi gavid-
nen. mdivanic mcvelebs mihyva.
49
iuda kiriaTeli _ saxarebaSi iuda iskarioteli (SesaZlebelia es saxeli warmodgebodes ebrauli
sityvisagan ìS kerioT~ _ kerioTeli). saxarebis mixedviT ieso qristes erT-erTi mowafe. Tavisi maswav-
lebeli 30 vercxlad gayida, magram sindisis qenjnas ver gauZlo, mRvdelmTavrebs fuli ukan daubruna
VI Tavi
da Tavi CamoixrCo. m. bulgakovi iuda iskariotelis ambavs sul sxvanairad warmogvidgens.

50
kiriaTi _ kiriaT-arba, qalaq qebronis uZvelesi saxeli.
51
qvemo qalaqi _ Zveli ierusalimis samxreT-aRmosavleTi nawili.
52
tiberiusi _ romis imperatori 14 _ 37 wlebSi, imperator oqtavianes Semdeg. mkacri mmarTveli.
sastikad uswordeboda imperatoris xelisuflebis yvela mowinaaRmdeges.
372 53
kaligebi _ romael meomarTa yeliani fexsacmeli.
aivanze Camomdgar siCumes erTxans mxolod Sadrevnis sagalobeli arRvevda. pilate xedav-
da, mils zemoT wyali rogor iburceboda, mere kideebi rogor emsxvreoda da Wavlebad Zirs
eSveboda.
pirvelad patimris xma gaisma:
_ vxedav, raRac ubedureba moxda imis gamo, rom kiriaTel Wabuks velaparake. hegemono,
guli migrZnobs, rom mas raRac daemarTeba da Zalian mebraleba.
_ me mgoni, _ ucnaurad Caicina prokuratorma, _ amqveynad kidev aris viRac, vinc kiriaTel
iudaze metad unda gebralebodes. imas iudaze uaresi dRe moelis!.. maS markus TagvTmmusvreli,
gulcivi, Seuryeveli jalaTi, is xalxi, vinc, rogorc vxedav, _ prokuratorma ieSuas dasaxiC-
rebul saxeze aniSna, _ qadagebisTvis gcema, avazakebi dismasi da gestasi, romelTac TavianT
TanamzraxvelebTan erTad oTxi jariskaci mokles, da, bolos, uwminduri gamcemi iuda _ yvela
keTilia?
_ diax, _ upasuxa patimarma.
_ da WeSmaritebis meufeba dadgeba?
_ dadgeba, hegemono, _ mtkiced upasuxa ieSuam.
_ arasodes ar dadgeba! _ uceb iseTi sazareli xmiT daiyvira pilatem, rom ieSuam ukan
daixia. mravali wlis win qalwulTa velze ase uyviroda pilate Tavis mxedrebs: àCexeT! aCexeT!
goliaTi TagvTmmusvreli alyaSia!~ man ufro aimaRla brZanebaTa ZaxiliT CaxleCili xma, ise
rom baRSic gaegonaT: _ avazako! avazako, avazako!
mere xmas dauwia da patimars hkiTxa:
_ ieSua ha-nocri, gwams romelime RmerTi?
_ RmerTi erTia, _ upasuxa ieSuam, _ is RmerTi mwams.
_ maS iloce! gulmxurvaled iloce! Tumca... _ pilates xma Cauwyda, _ es ver gixsnis. coli
gyavs? _ ratomRac sevdianad hkiTxa patimars. ver gaego, ra emarTeboda.
_ ara, martodmarto var.
_ saZulveli qalaqi... _ uceb Caibutbuta prokuratorma da SemcivnebuliviT SeaJrJola,
mere xelebi daisrisa, TiTqos ibanso, _ gijobda, rom SenTvis yeli gamoeWraT manamde, sanam
iuda kiriaTels naxavdi.
_ hegemono, ra iqneba, rom gamaTavisuflo, _ ucabedad sTxova patimarma, xmaze SeSfoTeba
daetyo, _ vxedav, Cemi mokvla swadiaT.
pilates saxe daemanWa, ieSuas CawiTlebuli Tvalebi miapyro da uTxra:
_ ubeduro, nuTu ggonia, romaeli prokuratori gaaTavisuflebs imis mTqmels, rac Sen
giTqvams? o, RmerTebo, RmerTebo! an iqneb ggonia, Seni adgilis dakaveba momesurva? me Sens
azrebs ar viziareb. axla mismine: Tu am wuTidan erTi sityva mainc dagcdenia, vinmes dalapara-
kebixar, maSin mifrTxildi! gimeoreb _ mifrTxildi!
_ hegemono...
_ Cumad! _ Sehyvira pilatem da mrisxane mzera gaayola aivanze xelaxla SemoWril mercxals,
mere mdivans da mcvelebs mouxmo.
roca mdivani da mcvelebi aivanze dabrundnen, pilatem gamoacxada, rom amtkicebda mcire
sinedrionis mier damnaSave ieSua ha-nocrisaTvis gamotanil sasikvdilo ganaCens. mdivanma
pilates naTqvami Caiwera.
erTi wuTis Semdeg prokuratoris win markus TagvTmmusvreli idga. prokuratorma markuss
ubrZana, damnaSave saidumlo samsaxuris ufrosisTvis Caebarebina da amasTan erTad gadaeca
prokuratoris brZaneba, rom ieSua ha-nocri sxva msjavrdebulebisgan gaecalkevebinaT, ag-
reTve gadaeca, rom saidumlo samsaxuris razms mkacri sasjelis muqariT ekrZaleboda ieSu-
asTan yovelgvari laparaki, an pasuxis gacema raime kiTxvaze.
VI Tavi
markusma mcvelebs niSani misca. mcvelebi ieSuas gars Semoertynen da aivnidan gaiyvanes.
amis Semdeg prokuratoris winaSe wardga qerawveriani lamazi kaci. muzarads arwivis frTe-
bi umSvenebda, mkerdze oqros lomis laSebi ubrwyinavda. samxariRlives oqrosave balTebi
umkobda, sammaglanCiani fexsacmlis dasamagreblad muxlebamde zonrebi hqonda daxveuli,
373
marcxena mxarze mewamuli mosasxami moegdo. es iyo legati, legionis meTauri.
prokuratorma legats gamohkiTxa, sad idga imJamad sebasteelTa54 kohorta. legatma
moaxsena, rom sebasteelebs alya hqondaT Semortymuli hipodromis wina moednisTvis, sadac
msjavrdebulTa ganaCeni unda gamoecxadebinaT.
maSin prokuratorma brZana, rom legats romaelTa kohortidan ori kenturia gamoeyo.
erTi kenturia TagvTmmusvrelis meTaurobiT qaCal gorisken55 mimaval gzaze mcvelad unda
gahyoloda msjavrdebulebs, jalaTebs da sikvdiliT dasasjelad saWiro aRWurvilobiT
datvirTul sazidrebs, goraze asvlis Semdeg ki zeda alyas SeerTeboda. xolo meore ken
turia axlave unda wasuliyo qaCal gorisken da dauyovnebliv daewyo alyis Semortyma..
prokuratorma legats sTxova, amave miznisTvis, ese igi, goris dasacavad, gaegzavna mxedarTa
damxmare razmi _ sirielTa ala56.
roca legati aivnidan gavida, prokuratorma mdivans ubrZana, sasaxleSi moewviaT si
nedrionis prezidenti57, sinedrionis ori wevri da erSalaimis taZris mcvelTa ufrosi, Tan
sTxova, saqme ise moagvareT, am xalxTan TaTbiramde prezidents calke velaparakoo.
prokuratoris brZaneba droze da zustad Seasrules. mzem, im dReebSi raRac uCveulo
gaafTrebiT cecxls rom ugznebda erSalaims, verc ki moaswro umaRles wertils miaxloe
boda, roca baRis zeda terasaze, kibis Ziras dadarajebul marmarilos or TeTr lomTan
erTmaneTs Sexvdnen prokuratori da sinedrionis prezidentis movaleobis Semsrulebeli,
iudeis mRvdelmTavari ioseb kaifa58.
baRSi myudroeba sufevda. kamaredidan mziT gabrwyinebul baRis zeda moedanze gavidnen
Tu ara, sadac idga didebuli palmebi, romelTa Zirebi spilos uzarmazar fexebs waagavda,
prokurators Tvalwin gadaeSala mTeli saZulveli erSalaimi, dakidebuli xidebi, cixe-simag
reebi da, rac mTavaria, erSalaimis taZari _ marmarilos lodi eniT auwereli silamazisa,
saxuravad oqros drakonis qicvi rom hqonda. prokuratoris maxvil smenas Caswvda gabmuli
bubuni, drodadro susti kvnesa Tu kivili rom erTvoda. es xmauri gaismoda Sors, qvemoT,
iq, sadac qvis kedeli sasaxlis baRis qveda terasebs qalaqis moednisgan yofda.
prokuratori mixvda, rom iq, moedanze, ukve Tavi moeyaraT ukanaskneli areulobiT
aRelvebul erSalaimelebs, uricxvi brbo mouTmenlad eloda msjavris gamotanas da xalxSi
yviriliT darbodnen mousvenari wylis gamyidvelebi.
prokuratorma mRvdelmTavari aivanze miiwvia, rom Takara mzes moridebodnen, magram ka
ifam zrdilobianad iuara. uTxra, mirCevnia, aq vilaparakoTo. pilatem odnav Semelotebul
Tavze Cabalaxi Camoifara da saubari daiwyo. saubrobdnen berZnulad.
pilatem Tqva, ieSua ha-nocris saqme gavarCie da sasikvdilo ganaCeni davamtkiceo.
amgvarad, dRes sikvdiliT unda daisajos sami avazaki: dismasi, gestasi, bar-rabani da, amaT
garda, es ieSua ha-nocri. pirveli ori xalxs keisris winaaRmdeg ajanyebisken mouwodebda, ro
mis xelisuflebam daatyveva, prokurators aweria da, maSasadame, maTze arc iqneba laparaki.
ukanasknelni, bar-rabani da ha-nocri, adgilobrivma xelisuflebam Seipyro da sinedrionma
gaasamarTla. kanonis Tanaxmad, adaTis Tanaxmad59, am ori damnaSavidan erT-erTi unda gaaTavi-
VI Tavi WeSmaritebis Sesaxeb
54
sebastea _ qalaqi pontoSi.
55
qaCal gora _ Лысая гора, ase uwodebs m. bulgakovi golgoTas, im mTas, sadac saxarebis mixedviT jvars
acves ieso qriste. golgoTa arameulad Tavis qalas, `Txemis adgils~ (saxareba) niSnavs. es mTa Zveli ierusa
limis gareT mdebareobda da ebraelebi iq sjidnen damnaSaveebs. axla ierusalimis farglebSia.
56
ala _ Zvel romSi mxedarTa razmi. Tavdapirvelad mokavSire tomebis meomarTagan adgendnen. alaSi 50-
dan 1000-mde mxedari iTvleboda.
57
sinedrionis prezidenti _ uzenaesi mosamarTle Zvel ierusalimSi. sinedrionis prezidentad mRvdel
mTavari iricxeboda.
58
ioseb kaifa (kaiafa) _ iudeis mRvdelmTavari 18_36 wlebSi, valerius gratusisa da Semdgom pilate pon
toelis prokuratorobisas. saxareba mas miawers ieso qristesTvis sasikvdilo ganaCenis gamotanas.
59
adaTis Tanaxmad... _ saxarebis mixedviT, roca pilate darwmunda, rom iudevelebs ver Caagonebda, uda
naSaulo ieso qriste gaeTavisuflebinaT, maSin cada gamoeyenebina erTi Cveuleba, romlis ZaliTac paseqis
dResaswaulisas xalxs ufleba hqonda, erTi msjavrdebulis gaTavisufleba moeTxova. pilatem iudevelebs
SesTavaza, gasaTavisufleblad ieso qriste an baraba amoerCiaT. iudevelebma baraba amoirCies da moiTxoves,
374 rom ieso qriste jvarze gaekraT.
suflon didi dResaswaulis, paseqis60 aRsaniSnavad, romelic dRes iwyeba. prokurators surs
icodes, sinedrioni am or damnaSaveTagan romels upirebs gaTavisuflebas: bar-rabans Tu ha-
nocris?
kaifam Tavi daxara imis niSnad, rom gaigo, rasac ekiTxebodnen, da upasuxa:
_ sinedrioni bar-rabanis gaTavisuflebas iTxovs.
prokuratorma kargad icoda, rom mRvdelmTavari swored amas etyoda, magram misi mizani
iyo, eCvenebina, Senma pasuxma gamaocao.
pilatem es ostaturad gamoxata. warbebi medidurad azida da mRvdelmTavars TvalebSi
gaocebuli Caacqerda.
_ gamogitydebi, Senma pasuxma ganmacvifra, _ wynarad Tqva prokuratorma, _ iqneb aq raime
gaugebrobaa?
pilate axsna-ganmartebas mohyva: romis xelisufleba sulac ar apirebs adgilobrivi sa-
suliero xelisuflebis uflebaTa xelyofas, mRvdelmTavarma es kargad uwyis, magram amjerad
aSkara Secdomaa daSvebuli da am Secdomis gamosworeba romis xelisuflebas, ra Tqma unda,
surso.
marTlac: bar-rabanisa da ha-nocris danaSaulis simZime erTmaneTs arc Seedreba. Tu meoris,
aSkarad WkuaSeryeuli kacis danaSauli erSalaimSi da zogierT sxva adgilas uazrod qadage-
baa, ramac xalxis mRelvareba gamoiwvia, pirvels bevrad ufro mZime danaSauli awevs tvirTad.
garda imisa, rom pirdapir mouwodebda ajanyebisaken, mcvelic ki mokla, roca misi dapatimreba
cades. bar-rabani ha-nocrize bevrad ufro saxifaToa.
zemoTqmulis safuZvelze prokuratori mRvdelmTavars sTxovs, gadasinjos gadawyveti-
leba da is msjavrdebuli gaaTavisuflos, vinc nakleb saxifaToa. nakleb saxifaTo ki, ra Tqma
unda, ha-nocria. amrigad...
kaifam pilates jiqur Sexeda TvalebSi da wynari, magram mtkice xmiT uTxra, sinedrioni
saqmes guldasmiT gaecno da kvlav gimeoreb, rom bar-rabanis gaTavisuflebas apirebso.
_ rogor? Cemi Suamdgomlobis Semdegac? _ gaioca pilatem, _ im kacis Suamdgomlobis Sem-
deg, visi piriTac romis xelisufleba laparakobs? mRvdelmTavaro, mesamedac gaimeore!
_ mesamedac gauwyeb, rom Cven bar-rabans vaTavisuflebT, _ wynarad Tqva kaifam.
yovelive dasrulda, saTqmeli aRaraferi darCa. ha-nocris bedi gadawyda. saSineli tki-
vilebisgan prokurators veRaravin gankurnavda. wamebisgan sikvdilis garda veRaraferi ix-
snida. magram pilates axla es fiqri ar tanjavda. mTeli arseba ganumsWvala im Seucnobelma
sevdam, weRan aivanze rom daeufla. igi umal Seecada, gamoerkvia, ram daasevdiana, magram ucna-
uri raRac daaskvna: bundovnad moeCvena, rom msjavrdebuls bolomde ver uTxra raRaca, an
iqneb raRac ver Seityo misgan.
pilatem es azri Tavidan moiSora. azri iseve uceb moscilda, rogorc moevlina. moscilda,
magram sevda mainc auxsneli darCa, radganac mas ver axsnida erT wams gaelvebuli da maSinve
gamqrali raRac nawyvet-nawyveti meore azri _ ùkvdaveba... ukvdaveba daimkvidra...~ vin daim-
kvidra ukvdaveba? prokurators ver gaego, magram idumalebiT mocul ukvdavebaze fiqrma im
papanaqebaSi sisxli gauyina.

_ kargi, _ Tqva pilatem, _ dae, ase iyos.
mere iqaurobas Tvali moavlo da momxdarma cvlilebam gaaoca. gauCinarda Stoebdaxun-
Zluli vardis buCqi. gauCinardnen zeda terasis irgvliv Camwkrivebuli kviparosebi, gauCi-
narda broweulic, gauCinarda simwvaneSi Cafluli TeTri qandakeba da TviT simwvanec. nacvlad
amisa, mdored acurda raRac mewamuli burusi. am burusSi irxeodnen wyalmcenareebi da sadRac
VI Tavi
60
paseqi _ iudevelTa dResaswauli. Zvel ebraelTa sagazafxulo religiuri dResaswauli egviptidan
gamosvlis aRsaniSnavad. qristianebi am dros ieso qristes mkvdreTiT aRdgomas dResaswauloben. Tav-
dapirvelad qristianuli aRdgomis dResaswauli iudevelTa paseqs emTxveoda. nikeis msoflio saeklesio
krebis dadgenilebiT 325 wlidan qristianuli aRdgoma imarTeba iudevelTa paseqidan erTi kviris Semdeg
pirvelive kvira dRes. mTvaris kalendris TaviseburebasTan dakavSirebiT es TariRi meryeobs 4 aprilidan
8 maisamde.
375
mieqanebodnen. maTTan erTad mieqaneboda TviT pilatec. axla mas daeufla yvelaze saSineli
mrisxaneba _ mrisxaneba uZlurebisa. brazi yelSi moebjina da axrCobda.
_ suli mexuTeba, _ aRmoxda pilates, _ suli mexuTeba!
man gayinuli sveli xeli mosasxamis sayeloze dakerebul balTas Caavlo da gaswia. balTa
qviSaze daeca.
_ dRes haeri SexuTulia, sadRac avdaria, _ Tqva kaifam. saxewamonTebul prokurators
Tvals ar acilebda da Tan cdilobda, warmoedgina yoveli satanjveli, rac kidev moelodaT.
ò, ra saSineli Tvea wlevandeli nisani!~
_ ara, _ Tqva pilatem, _ suli imitom ki ar mexuTeba, rom haeria SexuTuli, SenTan yofna
mixuTavs suls, kaifa, _ mere Tvalebi moWuta, gaiRima da daumata: _ Tavs gaufrTxildi, mRvdel-
mavaro.
mRvdelmTavars Savi Tvalebi aukiafda da gaoceba prokuratorze aranaklebi ostatobiT
gamoxata.
_ es ra mesmis, prokuratoro? _ amayad da mSvidad upasuxa kaifam. _ ganaCeni Tavad daamtkice
da axla memuqrebi? gana es SesaZlebelia? Cven miCveuli varT, rom romaeli prokuratori
sityvas wonis, sanam ityodes. vinme yurs ar gvigdebdes, hegemono!
pilatem usicocxlo Tvalebi miapyro mRvdelmTavars da kbilebis gaelvebiT Rimili ga-
mosaxa.
_ ras ambob, mRvdelmTavaro! aq axla yurs vin unda gvigdebdes? gana im mawanwala SeSlils
vgavar, dRes sikvdiliT rom unda dasajon? bavSvi xom ar ggonivar, kaifa? vici, ras vambob da
sad vambob. garSemortymulia baRi, garSemortymulia sasaxle, ise rom Tagvic ki versaidan
SemoZvreba. Tagvi ki ara, isic ver Semoipareba, ra hqvia _ qalaq kiriaTidan romaa... marTla,
icnob aseT kacs, mRvdelmTavaro? Tu Semoipara, sananeblad gauxdeba, albaT damijereb, ara?
maS icode, mRvdelmTavaro, rom dReidan mosvenebas dakargav! Senc da Seni xalxic, _ pilatem
Sors, marjvniv miuTiTa, iq, sadac taZari elvarebda, _ amas geubnebi me, pilate pontoeli,
oqrosSubosani mxedari.
_ vici, vici! _ uSiSrad upasuxa Savwvera kaifam da Tvalebi auelvarda, xeli zecisken aR-
marTa da ise ganagrZo: _ iudevelebma ician, rom Sen isini usazRvrod gZuls da uzomo tanjva-
wamebas miageb, magram mTlad mainc ver mospob! RmerTia Cveni Semwe! gaigonebs Cvens xmas yov-
lisSemZle keisari da dagvifaravs Cveni damRupveli pilatesgan!
_ o, ara! _ SesZaxa pilatem. yoveli sityvis Semdeg laparaki sul ufro uadvildeboda.
saWiro aRar iyo TvalTmaqcoba, sityvis awon-dawona. _ Zalze bevrs miCiodi keisarTan, axla ki
Cemi dro dadga, kaifa! axla me vafren cnobas, oRond nacvals ki ar gavugzavni antioqiaSi61, an
romSi, aramed TviT imperators vacnobeb kapreaSi, vacnobeb, erSalaimSi sikvdilisgan rogor
ifaravT aSkara meamboxeebs. me erSalaimis darwyulebas solomonis62 tboris wyliT vapirebdi
Tqvenda sasikeTod, magram axla wyliT ar dagarwyulebT! gaixsene, Tqveni mizeziT kedlebidan
rom Camovxseni imperatoris venzelebiani farebi, jarebi gadavaadgile. xom xedav, maiZuleT,
TviTon movsuliyav, raTa sakuTari TvaliT menaxa, ra xdeboda aq! daixsome Cemi naTqvami,
mRvdelmTavaro! erSalaimSi ara erT kohortas naxav! qalaqis kedlebs moadgeba mTeli elvi-
seburi legioni, moadgeba arabTa mxedroba. maSin gaigoneb mware moTqma-godebas! maSin gaix-
seneb gadarCenil bar-rabans da inaneb, rom mSvidobis moqadage filosofosi sikvdiliT daas-
jevine!
mRvdelmTavars saxe auforejda, Tvalebi wamoenTo, prokuratoriviT gaaelva kbilebi da
RimiliT Tqva:
_ prokuratoro, Tavad Tu gjera, rasac axla ambob? ara, ar gjera! erSalaimelTa macdune-
bels CvenTvis mSvidoba ar mohqonda da Sen, mxedaro, es kargad uwyi. Sen misi gaSveba imitom
VI Tavi
61
antioqia _ qalaqi Zvel siriaSi. Zv. w. 64 wlidan romis imperatoris nacvlis rezidencia iyo. imis
Semdeg, rac imperatorma tiberiusma romi miatova da kunZul kaprize gadasaxlda, romSic misi nacvali
ijda.
62
solomoni _ israel-iudeis gaerTianebuli samefos mefe (Zv. w. 960_935). mis dros israel-iudeis
376 samefom udides Zlierebas miaRwia. mas miaweren Zveli aRTqmis mozrdili nawilis avtorobas.
gindoda, rom xalxi aeRelvebina, sarwmunoeba eginebina da qveyana romaelTa maxvilis kerZi
gaexada! magram me, iudevelTa mRvdelmTavari, vidre cocxali var, sarwmunoebas aravis vagi-
nebineb da xalxs davicav! gesmis, pilate? _ kaifam mrisxaned aRmarTa xeli: _ yuri ugde, pro-
kuratoro!
kaifa dadumda da prokuratorma kvlav gaigona xmauri. herode didis baRis kedlebs TiTqos
zRvis talRebi exleboda. es xmauri qvemodan zemoT moiwevda da prokurators fexebsa da
saxeze efrqveoda. xolo mis zurgsukan, sasaxlis frTebs iqiT sayviris sagangaSo xma, asobiT
fexis braguni da rkinis JRaruni gaismoda. prokuratori mixvda, rom romaelTa qveiTi jari
misi brZanebis Sesasruleblad gadioda, meamboxeTa da avazakTa Semzaravi sasikvdilo aRlumis
Casatareblad miemarTeboda.
_ gesmis, prokuratoro? _ wynarad gaimeora mRvdelmTavarma. _ iqneb miTxra, rom es yove-
live, _ mRvdelmTavarma orive xeli aRmarTa da Tavidan Savi Cabalaxi gadasZvra, _ ususurma
bar-rabanma gamoiwvia?
prokuratorma xelis zurgiT moiwminda sveli, gayinuli Subli, miwas daacqerda, mere
TvalmoWutulma cas axeda, dainaxa, rom gavarvarebuli burTi TiTqmis Tavze dasdgomoda,
kaifas Crili ki lomis kudTan mikunWuliyo, da wynarad, gulgrilad Tqva:
_ SuadRe axlovdeba. Cven saubriT gaverTeT, saqme ki aRar iTmens...
mere mRvdelmTavars zrdilobianad mouxada bodiSi, sTxova, magnoliis CrdilSi skamze
Camojeqi da moicade, vidre ukanasknel TaTbirze sxvebsac moviwvev da kidev erT brZanebas
gavcem, rac sikvdiliT dasjisTvis aris saWiroo.
kaifam mkerdze xeli miido, Tavi zrdilobianad daxara da baRSi darCa, pilate ki aivanze
dabrunda, sadac mdivani ucdida. mdivans ubrZana, baRSi moewvia legionis legati da kohortis
tribuni63, agreTve sinedrionis ori wevri da taZris mcvelTa ufrosi. isini baRis qveda tera-
saze, mrgvali fanCaturis CrdilSi SadrevanTan ucdidnen gamoZaxebas. mere daumata, baRSi
mec axlave gamovalo, da sasaxleSi Sevida.
vidre mdivani xalxs Sekrebda, prokuratori muqi fardebiT Cabnelebul oTaxSi viRac
kacs Sexvda. stumars saxeze Cabalaxi sanaxevrod Camoefarebina, Tumca Cabnelebul oTaxSi mze
ar Seawuxebda. Sexvedra Zalze cota xans gagrZelda. prokuratorma mosuls xmadabla uTxra
ramdenime sityva da maSinve gaistumra, TviTon ki kamaredis mxridan baRSi dabrunda.
iq, yvelas TandaswrebiT, vinc miiwvia, prokuratorma sazeimo, civi xmiT daadastura, rom
ieSua ha-nocris sasikvdilo ganaCens amtkicebda da sinedrionis wevrebs oficialurad hkiTxa,
romeli damnaSavis gaTavisuflebas apirebTo. roca upasuxes, bar-rabanis gaTavisufleba gvin-
dao, prokuratorma Tqva:
_ Zalian kargi, _ mdivans ubrZana, sinedrionis wevrTa moTxovna oqmSi Seetana, mdivnis
miwodebuli, qviSaze nagdebi balTa CamuWa da sazeimo kiloTi Tqva: _ droa!
mere yvelani vardis buCqTa rigebs Soris marmarilos farTo kibes dauyvnen. vardi damaT-
robel surnelebas afrqvevda. eSvebodnen sul qvemoT da qvemoT, sasaxlis galavnisken, saida-
nac WiSkari gadioda Tlili qviT mokirwylul moedanze, romlis bolos erSalaimis asparezis
svetebi da qandakebebi moCanda.
roca jgufma WiSkari gaiara da moedanze aRmarTul qvis farTo baqanze avida, pilatem
moWutuli TvalebiT irgvliv maSinRa mimoixeda, rom daenaxa, ra xdeboda.
is adgili, axlaxan rom gaiara, anu manZili sasaxlis kedlidan qvis baqnamde, carieli iyo.
samagierod, pilatem Tavis win moedani veRar dainaxa, radgan brbos STaenTqa. xalxi albaT
baqans da im cariel adgilsac walekavda, pilates xelmarcxniv mdgar sebasteel jariskacTa
sammag rigs da xelmarjvniv mdgar iturielTa64 damxmare kohortas rom ar Seekavebina.
VI Tavi
63
tribuni _ Zvel romSi Tavdapirvelad tribunebad iwodebodnen administraciuli erTeulebis _
tribebis meTaurebi, Semdeg ki mxedarTufrosebi. roca plebeebs samxedro valdebuleba daekisraT, maSin
uflebac miiRes, oficrebi _ tribunebi yofiliyvnen. kohortis tribuni kohortis meTauri iyo.
64
iturielebi _ arabTa tomi. Zv. w. II s-Si Seqmnes elinizebuli arabul-arameuli saxelmwifo. Zv. w. 63
wels iturielTa samefo pompeusma daipyro. amis Semdeg mravali iturieli moisari romaelTa armiaSi
msaxurobda.
377
pilate baqanze avida, balTas angariSmiucemlad uWerda xels da Tvalebs Wutavda. Tvalebs
imitom ki ar Wutavda, rom mze wvavda. ara, ratomRac ar undoda daenaxa msjavrdebulni, ro-
melTac, es kargad icoda prokuratorma, axlave arekavdnen baqanze.
rogorc ki adamianTa zRvis piras aRmarTul frialoze mewamulsarCuliani TeTri mosas-
xami gamoCnda, Tvalebmilululi pilates yurs daejaxa bgeris talRa: `ha-a-a-a...~ jer xmadabla
daiwyo, sadRac Sors, hipodromTan Caisaxa, mere Weqad iqca, ramdenime wams gugunebda, Semdeg
ki iklo. `daminaxes~, _ gaifiqra prokuratorma. xmauris talRa jer kidev ar damcxraliyo,
rom ucabedad isev ifeTqa, rxeviT aRimarTa pirvel talRaze maRla, da ise, rogorc zRvis
zvirTi qafs moigdebs xolme, moigdo stvena da Weqis xmaSi SigadaSig gareuli kvnesa qalisa.
ìsini amoiyvanes baqanze, _ gaifiqra pilatem, _ kvnesa ki imitom gaisma, rom win gamoqanebulma
brbom ramdenime qali gasrisa~.
man erTxans Seicada. icoda, rom brbos veraviTari Zala ver CaaCumebda, sanam mTlad ar
amoanTxevda imas, rac gulSi hqonda Cagubebuli, da Tavad ar CaCumdeboda.
roca es wami dadga, prokuratorma marjvena xeli maRla aRmarTa da irgvliv umal samari-
seburi siCume Camovarda.
maSin pilatem gaficxebuli haeri mkerdSi Caiguba da daiyvira. misma CaxleCilma xmam aTa-
sobiT Tavs gadauqrola:
_ keisar imperatoris saxeliT!..
maSinve yurebSi ramdenimejer daejaxa foladiseburi, daCexili zriali: kohortebad Cam-
wkrivebulma jariskacebma Subebi zeaRmarTes da sazarlad SesZaxes:
_ gaumarjos keisars!
pilatem Tavi maRla aswia da saxe mzes Seageba. quTuToebs qveS momwvano cecxlma ifeTqa, es
cecxli tvinsac Semoegzno da brbos Tavze gadauqrola CaxleCili xmiT naTqvamma arameulma
sityvebma:
_ mkvlelobisTvis, ajanyebisken xalxis waqezebisTvis, kanonebisa da sarwmunoebis Seurac-
xyofisTvis erSalaimSi dapatimrebul oTx damnaSaves miesaja samarcxvino sikvdili _ Zelze
gakvra! msjavrdebulebs axla dasjian qaCal goraze! damnaSaveTa saxelebia dismasi, gestasi,
bar-rabani da ha-nocri. isini Tqvens winaSe arian!
pilatem marjvniv miuTiTa ise, rom damnaSaveTaTvis arc Seuxedavs, magram icoda _ isini iq
iyvnen, im adgilas, sadac unda yofiliyvnen.
brbom gaocebis Tu Svebis gamomxatveli xangrZlivi guguniT upasuxa. roca guguni miwyda,
pilatem ganagrZo:
_ magram msjavrdebulTagan mxolod sami kaci daisjeba sikvdiliT, radgan kanonisa da
adaTis Tanaxmad, didi dResaswaulis, paseqis aRsaniSnavad mcire sinedrionis mier romis xe-
lisuflebis TanxmobiT amorCeul erT-erT msjavrdebuls didsulovani keisari imperatori
ubadruk sicocxles ubrunebs!
pilate yviroda da Tan usmenda, guguns rogor cvlida diadi mdumareba. axla CamiCumi
aRarsad ismoda. bolos dadga wami, roca pilates moeCvena, rom irgvliv yovelive gaqra, saZul-
veli qalaqi aRifxvra da TviTon martodmarto idga Sveuli sxivebiT cecxlSemogznebuli da
zecisken saxeapyrobili. pilatem cota xans kidev Seicada da mere SesZaxa:
_ saxeli msjavrdebulisa, visac axla gaaTavisufleben, aris...
erTxel kidev SeCerda, saxelis warmoTqma daayovna, Seamowma, yvelaferi Tqva Tu ara, rad-
gan icoda, rom gabednierebuli msjavrdebulis saxelis gamocxadebis Semdeg qalaqi mkvdre-
TiT aRdgeboda da mere mis naTqvams veRaravin gaigonebda.
`yvelaferi vTqvi? _ uxmod hkiTxa sakuTar Tavs pilatem. _ vTqvi, saxeli!~
VI Tavi
_ bar-rabani! _ SesZaxa pilatem da `r~ bgeram grgvinvasaviT gadauara dadumebul qalaqs.

prokurators moeCvena, rom mze mis Tavs zemoT zrialiT gaipo da cecxliT amouvso yurebi.
am cecxlSi boboqrobda yvirili, wivili, kvnesa, xarxari da stvena.
pilate Setrialda da baqans ukan gauyva safexurebisken. arsaiTken ar gauxedavs, mxolod
378
fexqveS nageb mravalfer ujredebs dahyurebda, rom ar waborZikebuliyo. icoda, rom axla mis
zurgsukan baqanze setyvasaviT cvioda brinjaos fuli, finiki, azrialebuli xalxi erTmaneTs
awveboda, mxrebze afofxdeboda, rom sakuTari TvaliT daenaxa saswauli _ sikvdilis klanWebSi
moqceuli kaci am klanWebs Tavs rogor aRwevda. icoda, rom legionerebi im kacs Tokebs xsnid-
nen da uneburad atkendnen dakiTxvaze naRrZob xelebs. patimari mwvave tkivilisgan imanWeboda
da kvnesoda, magram mainc uazrod, giJurad iRimeboda.
pilatem icoda, rom am dros gverdiTi safexurebisken mcvelebs ukve mihyavdaT sami msjavr-
debuli, raTa dasavleTiT, qalaqgareT, qaCal gorisken mimaval gzaze gaeyvanaT. Tvalebi ma-
SinRa gaaxila, roca baqans gascda. icoda, rom xifaTi aRar moeloda _ msjavrdebulebs veRar
dainaxavda.
xalxis zriali TandaTan klebulobda da am zrialSi ukve gamoirCeoda macneTa gamkivani
Zaxili. erTni arameulad, meoreni berZnulad imeorebdnen imas, rac baqnidan amcno xalxs pro-
kuratorma. amas garda, pilates yurs Caswvda cxenis floqvTa gaxSirebuli Tqaruni da sayviris
nawyvet-nawyveti, mxiaruli xma, TandaTan rom axlovdeboda. am xmaurs Seegeba yurTwamRebi
stvena bazridan hipodromis moednisken mimavali quCis piras mdgari saxlebis saxuravebze
axunZluli biWebisa da SeZaxili: `CamoecaleT!~
dacarielebul moedanze ganmartoebiT mdgarma jariskacma swrafad iwyo niSnis qneva. pro-
kuratori, legionis legati, mdivani da mcvelebi maSinve SeCerdnen.
mxedarTa ala moedanze CorTiT SemoiWra, mxedrebi, etyoba, apirebdnen, moednis kide ga-
daeWraT, xalxisTvis gverdi aeqciaT, qviTkiris kedelze SexlarTuli vazis qveS gayvanil
quCaze gaexviaT da cxenebi umoklesi gziT gaeWenebinaT qaCal gorisken.
alas meTaurs, biWiviT tanmorCil, mulativiT Sav siriels cxeni CorTiT mohyavda. roca
pilates gausworda, wvrili xmiT raRac daiyvira da qarqaSidan xmali amoiwoda. Savi, gaoflili,
Smagi bedauri ganze gaxta da yalyze Sedga. meTaurma xmali qarqaSSi Caago, bedaurs maTraxi
kiserze gadahkra, aRviri moswia, quCisken Seuxvia da mere kvlav gaaWena. meTaurs ukan mihyvnen
mtvris koriantelSi gaxveuli sam-samad dawyobili mxedrebi. aTamaSda bambukis msubuqi Subebi.
mxedrebs Tavze TeTri Calmebi exuraT da maTi saxeebi amis gamo ufro muqi Canda. isini proku-
ratoris Soriaxlos miqrodnen da mxiarulad aelvebdnen TeTr kbilebs.
mxedarTa alam mtvris Rrubeli ukan Camoitova da Sesaxvevisken gaiWra. pilates win uka-
nasknelad zurgze sayvirgadakidebulma mxedarma Caiqrola. sayviri mzeze vercxlisfrad
elavda.
pilatem saxe mtvrisgan xeliT daifara, Subli ukmayofilod SeiWmuxna da sasaxlis baRis
WiSkrisken gaemarTa. ukan mihyvnen legati, mdivani da mcvelebi.
dilis aTi saaTi iqneboda.
Tavi III
meSvide damamtkicebeli sabuTi WeSmaritebis Sesaxeb
_ diax, dilis aTi saaTi iqneboda, Rrmad pativcemulo ivan nikolaeviC, _ Tqva profesorma.
poetma xeli axlad gamoRviZebuliviT moisva saxeze da dainaxa, rom patriarqis tborebze
Sebindebuliyo. tboris wyali Camuqebuliyo da zed ukve msubuqi navi dacuravda. ismoda niCbis
dgafuni da navSi mjdari viRac qalis kiskisi. xeivnebSi Carigebul skamebze xalxi gamoCnda,
magram kvadratis mxolod sam mxareze, im adgils ki, sadac Cveni mosaubreni isxdnen, aravin
mihkarebia.
moskovis ca TiTqos gaxunebuliyo da maRla mkafiod moCanda savse mTvare, magram jer
oqrosferi ki ara, sruliad TeTri. sunTqva gaadvilda, cacxvebqveS xmebi rbilad, saRamose-
VI Tavi
burad gaismoda.
`rogor ver SevniSne, mTeli moTxroba rom moCmaxa?.. _ gaifiqra gaocebulma bezdomnim. _
ukve dasaRamovebula! an iqneb magas ki ar uambia, me CameZina da yvelaferi mesizmra?~
magram unda vifiqroT, rom am ambavs profesori mohyva, Torem maSin gamovidoda, TiTqos
379
berliozsac igive esizmra, radganac igi ucxoels dakvirvebiT Caacqerda da uTxra:
_ Tqveni monaTxrobi Zalze sainteresoa, profesoro, Tumca srulebiT ar eTanxmeba saxa-
rebaSi gadmocemul ambebs.
_ momiteveT, _ mowyaled gaiRima profesorma, _ magram sxvam Tu ara, Tqven unda icodeT,
rom saxarebaSi rac weria, namdvilad arasodes momxdara da Tu saxarebas istoriul wyarod
miviCnevT... _ man xelaxla Caicina da berliozs xma Cauwyda, radganac zustad amas eubneboda
bezdomnis, roca bronnaias miuyvebodnen patriarqis tborebisken.
_ es asea, _ upasuxa berliozma, _ magram ara mgonia, arsebobdes imisi mowme, rom Tqven rac
gviambeT, namdvilad moxda.
_ o, ara! amis mowme arsebobs! _ enis borZikiT, Zalze damarwmuneblad Tqva profesorma da
moulodnelad orive mosaubres saidumlod aniSna, axlos moiwiTo.
isini daixarnen da ucxoelic aCurCulda. axla ena odnavadac aRar ebmoda. eSmakma uwyis
ratom, aqcenti xan gauqreboda, xan isev gauCndeboda xolme.
_ saqme isaa... _ profesorma frTxilad mimoixeda da xma ufro daidabla, _ rom TviTon
veswrebodi yovelives. aivanzec viyavi pilate pontoelTan, baRSic, roca igi kaifas elapara-
keboda, da baqanzec... magram malulad, ase vTqvaT, inkognitod. ase rom, Zalian gTxovT, sityva
aravisTan dagcdeT, saidumlod SeinaxeT!.. Cu!
siCume Camovarda da berliozi gafiTrda.
_ ramdeni xania, rac moskovSi xarT? _ xmis kankaliT hkiTxa man profesors.
_ axlaxan, amwuTas Camovedi moskovSi, _ upasuxa dabneulma profesorma.
megobrebma axlaRa moisazres, misTvis TvalebSi dakvirvebiT CaexedaT da darwmundnen,
rom marcxena mwvane Tvali mTlad SeSlili hqonda, marjvena ki _ gamocarielebuli, Savi da
mkvdari.
àxla ki mivxvdi yvelafers! _ gaifiqra SeSfoTebulma berliozma, _ Camovida SeSlili
germaneli, an aq, patriarqis tborebze SeiSala. ai xaTabala!~
marTlac, axla yvelaferi gasagebi iyo: ucnauri sauzme gansvenebul filosofos kantTan,
suleluri bodva zeTze da anuSkaze, imis winaswarmetyveleba, berliozs Tavs mohkveTeno da
sxva _ profesori SeSlili gaxldaT.
berliozma maSinve moisazra, ra unda gaekeTebina. Tavi ukan gadawia da profesoris zurgs
amofarebulma bezdomnis TvaliT aniSna, nu Seepasuxebio. magram dabneuli poeti berliozs
verafers miuxvda.
_ diax, diax, diax, _ ambobda aRelvebuli berliozi, _ ratomac ara, yvelaferi SesaZlebe-
lia... namdvilad SesaZlebelia, pilate pontoelic, aivanic da sxva yvelaferic... Tqven marto
CamoxvediT Tu meuRlesTan erTad?
_ marto Camovedi, marto, me yovelTvis marto var, _ mwuxared upasuxa profesorma.
_ bargi sad gaqvT, profesoro? _ Semparavad hkiTxa berliozma. _ `metropolSi?~ sad dabi-
navdiT?
_ me?.. _ arsad, _ upasuxa damTxveulma germanelma, Tan mwvane Tvals, irgvliv sevdianad da
velurad acecebda.
_ ra?.. maS sad icxovrebT?
_ Tqvens binaSi, _ uceb mourideblad upasuxa giJma da Tvali Caukra.
_ me... me moxaruli var... _ wailuRluRa berliozma, _ magram CemTan kargad ver moewyobiT...
`metropolSi~ ki saucxoo nomrebia. is xom pirvelxarisxovani sastumroa.
_ satanac ar arsebobs? _ uceb mxiarulad hkiTxa avadmyofma ivan nikolaeviCs.
_ ar arsebobs..
VI Tavi
berliozi profesoris zurgsukan gadaixara, saxe damanWa da bezdomnis mxolod tuCebis

moZraobiT wasCurCula:
_ nu edavebi...
_ araviTari satana ar arsebobs! _ daiyvira Tavgzaabneulma ivan nikolaeviCma, imis magivrad,
380
rom sul sxva ram eTqva. _ es ra xaTabalas gadaveyareT! kmara eg xuSturebi, gesmiT?
am dros SeSlilma ise gadaixarxara, rom mosaubreTa Tavs zemoT cacxvis totze mjdari
beRura dafeTebuli gafrinda.
_ es ki namdvilad sainteresoa, _ Tqva xarxarisgan acaxcaxebulma profesorma, _ ra ambavia,
rac ar unda dagisaxeloT, yvelaferze ar aris, rom ambobT. _ xarxari uceb Sewyvita da, rogorc
suliT avadmyofebs emarTebaT xolme, guneba mTlad Seecvala, gagulisda da mkacrad daiyvira:
_ maS ambobT, rom ar arsebobs, ara?
_ damSviddiT, damSviddiT, damSviddiT, profesoro, _ luRluRebda berliozi, cdilobda,
avadmyofi ar aeRelvebina. _ erT wuTs amxanag bezdomnisTan ijeqiT, me kuTxeSi xelad mivirben,
telefoniT davrekav, mere ki sadac gnebavT, migacilebT. Tqven xom qalaqs ar icnobT...
berliozis gegma sworad unda miviCnioT: mas undoda, uaxloes telefon-avtomatTan mier-
bina da ucxoelTa biuroSi Seetyobinebina, rom sazRvargareTidan Camosuli aSkarad aranor-
maluri konsultanti patriarqis tborebze ijda da aucileblad unda mieRoT zomebi, Torem
raime usiamovno ambavi moxdeboda.
_ unda darekoT? rogorc geneboT, _ mwuxared dayabulda avadmyofi da uceb gulmxurva-
led sTxova: _ magram, gemudarebiT, damSvidobebisas is mainc damijereT, rom satana arsebobs!
sxvas aRarafersa gTxovT. icodeT, rom amisTvis arsebobs meSvide damamtkicebeli sabuTi. es
sabuTi yvelaze sarwmunoa da axlave warmogidgenT!
_ kargi, kargi, _ yalbad dauyvava berliozma da Tvali Caukra Tavgzaabneul poets, romel-
sac maincdamainc didi survili ar hqonda SeSlili germanelis yaraulobisa, mere baRidan
gasasvlelisken gaeSura, iqiT, sadac ermolaevis Sesaxvevi bronnaias kveTda.
profesori ki maSinve TiTqos gamojanmrTelda da saxe gaunaTda.
_ mixail aleqsandroviC! _ daadevna man berliozs.
berliozi SekrTa, ukan miixeda, magram Tavi imiT daimSvida, Cemi saxelic albaT gazeTebidan
iciso.
profesorma ki xelebi pirTan ruporiviT miitana da dauyvira:
_ xom ar mibrZanebT, axlave depeSa gavagzavnino kievSi, biZaTqvenTan?
berliozs isev SeaJrJola. saidan icis am SeSlilma, rom kievSi biZa hyavs? es xom namdvilad
arc erT gazeTSi ar weria. ehe, bezdomni marTali xom ar aris? iqneb yalbi sabuTebi aqvs? o, ra
ucnauri viRacaa... unda darekos, axlave unda darekos! isini xelad gamoarkveven yvelafers...
berliozma yuri aRarafers ugdo da fexi aaCqara.
am dros zed bronnaiaze gasasvlelTan midgmuli skamidan redaqtoris Sesaxvedrad wamodga
zustad is moqalaqe, weRan mzis Suqze Sededebuli xvatisgan rom gamoiZerwa. oRond axla gam-
Wvirvale ki ara, Cveulebrivi, xorcieli iyo da axal Sebindebulze berliozma kargad dainaxa,
rom qaTmis bumbuliviT ulvaSebi da viwro, ironiuli, simTvralemoreuli Tvalebi hqonda,
Tanac iseTi mokle kubokruli Sarvali ecva, WuWyiani TeTri windebi mouCanda.
mixail aleqsandroviCma ukan daixia, magram guli imiT daimSvida, es suleluri damTxve-
vaa da amaze fiqris dro axla ar ariso.
_ turnikets65 eZebT, moqalaqev? _ gabzaruli tenoriT hkiTxa kubokrulma tipma. _ aqeT
mobrZandiT! sadac gsurT, iq gaxvalT. gzis swavlebis safasurad gadamdgar regents66 erTi
Wiqa ar awyenda nabaxusevze gunebis gamosasworeblad! _ Tqva es da Jokeis kartuzi manWviT
moiZro.
berliozma regentis manWva-Txovnas yuri ar ugdo, turniketTan miirbina, xeli CasWida,
Semoabruna da relsebze gadabijebas apirebda, roca saxeze wiTeli da TeTri Suqi Seefrqvia.
minis yuTze ainTo warwera: èrideT tramvais!~.
ermolaevis SesaxvevSi dagebuli axali xazidan bronnaiaze maSinve SemoiWra tramvai, Se-
mouxvia da liandagze gasworda, ucabedad SigniT eleqtroSuqiT ganaTda, daiwkaruna da siC-
VI Tavi
qares umata.
65
turniketi _ mowyobiloba mbrunavi jvris saxisa (parkebis, stadionebis da sadgurebis Sesasvle-
lebSi) momsvlelTa TiTo-TiTod SesaSvebad.
66
regenti (laT.) _ aq, eklesiis mgalobelTa gundis lotbari.
381
frTxili berliozi Tumca uxifaTo adgilas idga, mainc apirebda orkapis SigniT dabru-
nebas. xeli triala kars daayrdno da erTi nabiji ukan gadadga. imave wams xeli ausxlta da
gaeSva, cali fexi relsebisken daqanebul qvafenilze ise daucurda, rogorc yinulze, meore
fexi maRla aiqnia da relsebze daenarcxa.
berliozi cdilobda, raRacas CasWideboda, magram gulaRma daeca da kefa odnav dahkra
qvafenils, maRla _ oRond marjvniv Tu marcxniv, amas veRar mixvda _ movarayebuli mTvare
dainaxa. gverdze gadabruneba moaswro, imave wams moikunta, fexebi mucelze miikra, Tavi gver-
dze Seabruna da Tvali mohkra vatmani qalis SiSisgan mTlad gafiTrebul saxes da alisfer
lents. es saxe saSineli siswrafiT uaxlovdeboda. berliozs ar dauyviria, magram irgvliv
mTeli quCa sasowarkveTili qalis xmiT akivlda.
vatmanma eleqtromuxruWs xeli Camohkra. vagoni miwas cxviriT daeso, mere myisve Sexta
da fanjrebi zrialiT Camoemsxvra. imave wams berliozis tvinSi viRacam sasowarkveTiT Seh-
kivla _ `nuTu?..~ kidev erTxel, ukanasknelad gaielva mTvarem, magram ukve naWer-naWer dam-
sxvreulma da mere Camobnelda.
tramvaim berliozs gadauara da patriarqis xeivnis rkinis meserTan, daferdebul qvafe-
nilze muqi, mrgvali sagani gamoisrola. muqi sagani qvemoT Cagorda da bronnaias qvafenilze
xtunva-xtunviT gaburTavda.
es berliozis mokveTili Tavi gaxldaT.
Tavi IV
devna
minelda qalebis isterikuli kivili, Sewyda milicielTa sastvenebis yurTwamRebi xma. erT-
ma sanitarulma manqanam sacxedreSi waiRo TavmokveTili sxeuli da mokveTili Tavi, meore
manqanam minis namsxvrevebiT daWrili lamazi vatmani waiyvana. TeTrwinsafrianma meezoveebma
minis namsxvrevebi akrifes da sisxlis gubes qviSa daayares. ivan nikolaeviCma turniketamde
verc miaRwia, skamze Caikeca da iseve darCa. ramdenjerme cada wamodgoma, magram muxli ar
emorCileboda, TiTqos dambla daecao.
rogorc ki yvirili Semoesma, poeti maSinve gaqanda turniketisken da dainaxa, Tavi ro-
gor mixtoda qvafenilze. amis danaxvaze goni dakarga, skamze daeSva, xelze ikbina da daisis-
xliana. SeSlili germaneli, ra Tqma unda, gadaaviwyda da mxolod imazeRa fiqrobda, es rogor
moxda, rom, ai, axlaxan berliozs elaparakeboda, erTi wuTis Semdeg ki _ Tavi...
SeSfoTebuli xalxi poetis gverdiT xeivanSi garboda da raRacas yviroda, magram ivan
nikolaeviCs arc erTi sityva ar esmoda.
ucabedad mis win ori qali erTmaneTs SeeCexa da erTma maTganma, TavSiSvelma da cxvirwaw-
vetebulma, meore qals ise xmamaRla CasZaxa, poets yuris barabani lamis gauxeTqa.
_ anuSka, Cveni anuSka! sadovaiaze rom cxovrobs! sul imisi bralia.. sabayloSi zeTi iyida
da litriani triala kars ki miamsxvria! kaba mTlad Camoisvara. ramdens ilanZReboda! im ube-
durs ki albaT fexi ausxlta da relsebze gadavarda...
ivan nikolaeviCs Seryeul tvinSi qalis naTqvamidan erTi sityva _ ànuSka~ _ CaeWeda.
_ anuSka... anuSka? _ Caibutbuta poetma da SeSfoTebulma Tvalebi gaaceca. _ moica, moica...
sityva ànuSkas~ mieba sityva `zeTi~ da Semdeg _ ratomRac `pilate pontoeli~. poetma
`pilate~ ukuagdo da jaWvis asxma sityva ànuSkaTi~ daiwyo. jaWvi swrafad Seikra da poets
SeSlili profesori gaaxsena.
ùkacravad! gana iman ar Tqva, kreba ar Catardeba, radgan anuSkam zeTi daRvarao? egec
VI Tavi
Tqven, marTlac ar Catardeba! es kidev cotaa, pirdapir Tqva, berliozs Tavs qali mohkveTso!
diax, diax, diax! vatmani xom qali iyo! ra aris es, ha?!~
bezdomnis eWvis natamalic ki aRar darCa, rom idumalebiT moculma konsultantma winaswar
zustad icoda berliozis Semzaravi sikvdilis mTeli suraTi. poets ori azri uRrRnida go-
382
nebas. pirveli _ giJi sulac ar aris, ra sisuleleao! meore _ yovelive TviTon xom ar moawyoo?
magram, erTi es gvibrZaneT, ranairad?
_ o, ara, amas gamovarkvevT!
ivan nikolaeviCma Tavs Zala daatana, skamidan wamodga da ukan gaeqana, iq, sadac profesors
elaparakeboda. sabednierod, ucxoeli jer arsad wasuliyo.
bronnaiaze farnebi ukve ainTo, patriarqis tborebs ki Tavs dahnaToda oqrosferi mTva-
re da mTvaris macdunebel Suqze ivan nikolaeviCs moeCvena, rom skamidan wamomdgar profesors
iRliaSi joxi ki ara, daSna amoeCara.
gaiZvera gadamdgari regenti im adgilas mokalaTebuliyo, sadac cota xnis win TviT ivan
nikolaeviCi ijda. axla regents cxvirze sruliad usargeblo pensne daemagrebina. pensnes
cali mina saerTod aklda, meore ki gabzaruli hqonda. amis gamo kubokruli moqalaqe ufro
saZageli Sesaxedavi gaxldaT, vidre maSin, roca berliozs relsebisken mimaval gzas aCvenebda.
gulgaToSili ivane profesors miuaxlovda, saxeze daaSterda, magram sigiJis veraviTari
niSani ver Seatyo.
_ gamotydiT, vina xarT! _ yru xmiT uTxra ivanem.
ucxoeli moiRuSa, poets ise Sexeda, TiTqos pirvelad xedavda da mtrulad upasuxa:
_ me rusuli ar laparakobs...
_ rusuli ar icis, _ Caeria skamze mjdari regenti, Tumca aravis uTxovia, ucxoelis naTq-
vami amixsenio.
_ Tavs nu ikatunebT! _ mrisxaned uTxra ivanem ucxoels da gulis kovzTan sicive igrZno, _
axlaxan mSvenivrad laparakobdiT rusulad. arc germaneli xarT da arc profesori! mkvleli
da jaSuSi xarT! sabuTebi! _ gaSmagebiT dauyvira ivanem.
ucnaurma profesorma isedac moRrecili yba ufro moRrica da mxrebi aiCeCa.
_ moqalaqev! _ kvlav Caeria saZageli regenti. _ ucxoels ratom awuxebT? amis gamo umkac-
resad agebT pasuxs!
saeWvo profesorma ki ivanes medidurad gadmoxeda, Setrialda da wavida.
ivane grZnobda, rom Tavgza ebneoda. sulSexuTulma regents uTxra:
_ hei, moqalaqev, damexmareT, damnaSave unda daviWiro! movale xarT, damexmaroT!
regenti gamococxlda, wamoxta da ayvirda:
_ romeli damnaSave? sad aris? ucxoeli damnaSave? _ Tvalebi mxiarulad aucimcimda. _ esa?
Tu damnaSavea, maSin, upirveles yovlisa, unda daviyviroT _ gviSveleTo! Torem gaiqceva. aba,
modi, erTad daviyviroT! _ da regentma piri daaRo.
Tavgzaabneulma ivanem oinbaz regents daujera da Caxrinwuli xmiT daiyvira:
_ gviSveleT!
regentma ki moatyua da ar daiyvira.
ivanes yvirils kargi Sedegi ar mohyolia. viRac ori qaliSvili ganze gaxta da poetma
yuri mohkra, rom Tqves, mTvraliao.
_ ah, maS, Sen imas exmarebi? _ SesZaxa ganrisxebulma ivanem. _ viTom ra, masxrad migdeb?
gamiSvi!
ivane marjvniv gaqanda, regentmac marjvniv gaiwia. ivanem marcxniv gaiwia, is aramzadac
iqiT gaqanda.
_ ganzrax medebi fexebSi? _ dauyvira gacofebulma ivanem. _ milicias Sens Tavsac davaWe-
rineb!
ivanem cada, aramzadas saxeloSi swvdomoda, magram ver moixelTa da xaxamSrali darCa:
regenti gaqra, TiTqos miwam piri uyoo.
ivanem amoixvneSa, Sors gaixeda da saZulveli ucnobi dainaxa. is ukve patriarqis Sesaxvev-
VI Tavi
Tan gasuliyo. Tanac marto ar gaxldaT. Zalze saeWvo regenti gverdSi amosdgomoda. Tumca es
jer kidev cotaa. vin icis, saidan gaCnda da am kompanias SeuerTda kavaleristis ulvaSiani,
uzarmazari, burvakisodena, kupriviT Savi kata. sameuli patriarqis Sesaxvevs gauyva, Tanac
kata ukana TaTebze Semdgari midioda.
383
ivane borotmoqmedebs gaekida, magram maSinve darwmunda, rom daweva Zalian gauWirdeboda.
sameulma swrafad gaiara Sesaxvevi da spiridonovkaze gavida. ivane rogor ar cdilobda,
fexi aeCqarebina, magram dawinaurebulebs odnavac ver uaxlovdeboda. poetma gons mosvla
ver moaswro, rom wynari spiridonovkidan nikitas karibWesTan gaCnda. aq ki marTla gasaWirSi
Cavarda. xalxi buziviT ireoda. ivane viRac gamvlels daejaxa da gamolanZRes. Tanac borot-
moqmedebma avazakTa nacadi xerxi gamoiyenes _ gaifantnen.
regenti saocari simarjviT Seaxta arbatis moednisken mimaval gaqanebul avtobuss da gaq-
ra. raki erTi borotmoqmedi daekarga, poetma mTeli yuradReba katas miapyro. gaCerebaze
idga motoriani vagoni à~. ucnauri kata vagonis safexurTan mivida, akivlebuli qali Zirs
Camoagdo, saxelurs CaeWida da isic ki cada, rom konduqtorisTvis Ria fanjridan orSauriani
SeeCeCebina. vagonSi haeri CaxuTuliyo da fanjara imitom gaeRoT.
katis qcevam ivane ise gaaoca, rom sabaylo maRaziis kuTxesTan erT adgilas gaSeSda, mag-
ram ufro Zlierad gaaoca konduqtori qalis saqcielma. rogorc ki konduqtorma safexurze
Semdgari kata dainaxa, brazisgan akankalda da dauyvira:
_ katebs neba ara aqvT! katebis amoyvana ar SeiZleba! acxa! Cadi, Torem milicias davuZaxeb!
arc konduqtori da arc mgzavrebi ar gauocebia TviT saqmis arss: imas ki ara, kata tramva-
iSi Cajdomas rom cdilobda, rac naklebi ubedureba iqneboda, aramed imas, rom igi fulis
gadaxdas apirebda!..
rusulidan Targmna givi kikilaSvilma
davalebebi
detalebis xelovneba
1. nawarmoebis dasawyisSi, romelSic rogorc gaxsovT, patriarqis tborebze datriale-

buli ambebia aRwerili, berliozTan dakavSirebiT mwerali winaswar orjer SeniSnavs:
`SemdgomSi, roca, gulaxdilad rom vTqvaT, gvianRa iyo...~
ùcnobma Tvali SeaCera zeda sarTulTa minebze, sadac TvalismomWrelad irekleboda

gadatexili da mixail aleqsandroviCisaTvis samudamod Camavali mze~.
Tqveni azriT, winaswar ratom migvaniSnebs mwerali berliozis bedze? ra daniSnuleba

aqvs am detalebs?
2. yuradReba miaqcieT, gamoCndeba Tu ara ucnobi patriarqis tborebze, mwerali perio-

dulad gvatyobinebs, ra azrebi uCndebaT mis Sesaxeb bezdomnisa da berliozs. kvlav

gadaikiTxeT teqstis pirveli Tavi da CamoayalibeT, rogor STabeWdilebas axdens
Tqvenze literatorTa gonebaSi gaelvebuli azrebi.
3. ucnobi, berliozi da bezdomni skamze sxedan da saubroben. bulgakovi SeniSnavs: ucnobma

ise gadaixarxara, rom mosaubreTa Tavs zemoT cacxvis totze mjdari beRura dafeTe-
buli gafrindao. Tqveni azriT, amgvari detalebiT nawarmoebis gadatvirTva Secdomaa,
radgan mkiTxvels yuradRebas ufantavs Tu piriqiT, amgvar detalebs didi mniSvneloba
VI Tavi
aqvs mkiTxvelis cnobierebaSi teqstis gacocxlebisTvis? daasabuTeT.
damoukideblad moiZieT teqstSi aseTi niuansebi, Semdeg samuSao rveulSi CaiwereT da

mokled gansazRvreT TiToeuli maTganis daniSnuleba.
384
4. teqstSi moZebneT pilate pontoelis pirveli gamoCenis scena. Tavidanve vigebT, rom
prokurators Tavis ukurnebeli tkivili tanjavs, magram amas vigebT Tavad pilates
fiqridan, romelSiac igi sakmaod detalurad axasiaTebs Tavis avadmyofobas.
waikiTxeT es adgili.
Cveni azriT, pilates fiqri sakmaod xelovnuria. igi ise fiqrobs satkivarze, TiTqos
vinmes uxsnides Tavis gaWirvebas. Cveulebriv, bulgakovi aseT mxatvrul lafsusebs ar
uSvebs, magram, rogorc Cans, amjerad amas Tavi ver aarida, radgan CaTvala, rom mxat-
vruli simarTlis misaRwevad mkiTxvelma aucileblad unda Seityos pilates ukurne-
beli senis Sesaxeb.
dafiqrdiT, ratomaa es aucilebeli?
5. teqstSi moZebneT pilates mier ieSuas dakiTxvis scena da xelaxla waikiTxeT, Tan yu-
radReba gaamaxvileT rogor reagirebs mdivani. Tqveni azriT, ra funqcias akisrebs mas
mwerali?
teqstis analizi
1. ucnobis laparakiT SeSfoTebuli berliozi telefonis jixurisken garbis da Tan fiq-

robs: ò, ra ucnauri viRacaa... unda darekos, axlave unda darekos! isini xelad gamoar-
kveven yvelafers...~ rogor fiqrobT, vis gulisxmobs berliozi? xelad vin gamoarkvevs
yvelafers?
2. ieSuas dakiTxvis epizodSi mwerali erTgan SeniSnavs: `prokuratori mdivans da mcve-
lebs ratomRac siZulviliT uyurebdao~. monaxeT es adgili, gaiazreT konteqsti da
ganmarteT, ratom uyurebda pilate mdivansa da mcvelebs siZulviliT.
3. pilate gadawyvets ieSua gadaarCinos. misi aseTi gadawyvetilebis motivacia ioli da-
sanaxia _ ieSuam saswaulebrivad gankurna ukurnebeli senisgan. magram miuxedavad yve-
lafrisa, pilate mainc ver axerxebs mis gadarCenas. rogoraa es garemoeba motivirebu-
li? ratom cdilobs prokuratori, rom dakiTxvaze ieSuam pirvel rigSi is gamonaTqvami
uaryos, romelic iudas TxovniT, saxelmwifo xelisuflebis Sesaxeb gamoTqva?
4. mwerlis TqmiT, pilatem icoda, rom mRvdelmTavari kaiafa avazaki bar-rabanis gaTavi-
suflebas moiTxovda da ara ieSuasi. Tqveni azriT, saidan unda scodnoda, vinmem uTxra
Tu TviTon mixvda? pasuxi daasabuTeT.
5. gaixseneT, rogor aRwers mwerali pilate pontoelis garegnul xats, mis sizviades,
medidurobas. pilate imdroindeli msoflio imperiis, romis mier daniSnuli umaRle-
si xelisufalia palestinaSi. es garemoeba Cans yovel detalSi, yovel niuansSi.
rogor gamoiyureba ieSua, rogor aRiqvamen mas adamianebi? kaiafasTvis igi Zalian saSiSi
Tavisuflad moazrovne da RvTismgmobelia, romelic nebismier SemTxvevaSi unda
mokvdes da am saqmis gaCarxva misTvis maincdamainc did problemas arc warmoadgens.
Zalauflebis mwvervalze myofi pilatesTvis ki ieSua erTi sacodavi usaxlkaro mawan-
walaa, TiTqmis raRac mweri, romelic SegiZlia ise gasriso da gza gaagrZelo, rom ukan
arc ki miixedo. male ieSuas araCveulebrivi Tvisebebi pilates azrs Seacvlevineben,
magram es ar aRmoCndeba imisaTvis sakmarisi, rom prokurators Tavisi Tanamdeboba da
keTildReoba safrTxeSi Caegdo da ieSuas daxmareboda.
VI Tavi
ratom?
pilate iqceva Tu ara ise, rogorc yovelTvis iqceodnen, iqcevian da momavalSic moiq-
cevian Zlierni ama soflisani?
385
Tqveni azriT, ra xdeba, roca didi Zalauflebis mqone adamiani borotebas emxroba, aqe
zebs an gulgrilad Sescqeris mas?
Tvalsazrisi
1. gaiazreT yvelaferi, rac aqamde SeiswavleT postmodernizmis Sesaxeb, aseve gaixseneT,

ra iciT ruseTisa da rusuli kulturis Sesaxeb da gansazRvreT, `rusuli postmoder
nizmic~ iseTive pirobiT terminad unda CaiTvalos rogorc qarTuli, Tu igi dasavluris
bunebrivi nawilia da misi calke gamoyofa ar iqneba marTebuli?
m. bulgakovi, marTlac, postmodernistuli mgrZnobiarobis matarebeli mweralia, magram,
Tqveni azriT, ram gamoiwvia misi cnobierebis am mdgomareobaSi Sesvla _ daaxloebiT imave
mizezebma, ramac, vTqvaT, vudi alenis msoflgancdis Camoyalibeba ganapirobes Tu ara?
2. kidev erTxel gadaxedeT m. bulgakovis mier sabWoTa mTavrobisTvis miwerili werilis
fragments, romelic warmodgenilia rubrikaSi àvtoris Sesaxeb~. Tu dagaintersebT,
SegiZliaT internetSi es werilic waikiTxoT mTlianad da saxelmwifo uSiSroebis komi
tetis (КГБ-s) im saidumlo masalebsac gaecnoT, saidanac Cans, rogor uTvalTvalebdnen
mwerals. magram miuxedavad yvelafrisa, miuxedavad mwerlis aSkara antisabWoTa Sexedu
lebebisa, rac mas arasodes daumalavs, misTvis xeli mainc ar uxliaT.
rogorc gaxsovT, am saqmeSi Tavad stalini iyo Careuli.
Tqveni azriT, SeiZleba Tu ara vifiqroT, rom bulgakovi swored Tavisma gulaxdilobam
gadaarCina daxvretas?
aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi am sakiTxze SegiZliaT diskusiac moawyoT.
paraleli
gadaSaleT saxelmZRvanelos V Tavis §3 da kidev erTxel waikiTxeT guram asaTianis Ì dia

logi~. daakvirdiT ormocdaaTiode wlis ucnob mamakacs da SeadareT igi bulgakovis ucnobs.
amjeradac Tezisebis saxiT CaiwereT Tqveni dakvirvebis Sedegebi da mxolod amis Semdeg gaiaz
reT mTlian obaSi.
 Tqveni azriT, msgavseba namdvilad arsebobs Tu ara? daasabuTeT.
 Tuki arsebobs, mainc ra tipis msgavsebaze SegviZlia vilaparakoT, gareganze, Sinaganze
Tu oriveze erTad? daasabuTeT.
 erTi da imave tipis mxatvrul amocanebs wyveten es personaJebi Sesabamis teqstebSi Tu
ara? daasabuTeT.
VI Tavi WeSmaritebis Sesaxeb
386
Tamaz vasaZe
II nawili
istoriis gzis xedebi
wignis am nawilSi Tvals gavadevnebT, Tu rogor warmoCndeba Cvens literaturaSi

qarTveli adamiani da qarTuli sazogadoeba Tavisi istoriis sxvadasxva etapze.
II nawili
387
konstantine gamsaxurdia
didostatis marjvena
I
swored im wels, roca giorgis brZanebisamebr sami

eklesia moaTava farsman sparsma samcxeSi, saqarTvelos
Wilyvavi Semoesia.
mexis RrubeliviT daabnela man aRmosavleTi, Sir-
vanidan wamosuli qvemo qarTls moedo, mtkvars aRma
ahyva da basianamdis gaaoxra naTesi.
axmobina mefem farsmani da ubrZana moesra siri.
tfilisi imJamad sarkinozebs epyraT, farsmani ami-
ras karze iyo namyofi, giorgis mamas, bagrat kurapa-
lats tyved hyavda igi, jer kidev siyrmeSi Camoyvanili.
qvismTlelTa da kiriTxuroTa uxucesi, idumalTa
mimTxrobi iyo farsmani, arabul alqimiaSi friad gan-
swavluli, uebari varskvlavTmricxveli, SesaniSnavi
aqimi, ucnauri mewamle da mCxibavi.
friad bnel ambebs ukavSirebdnen mis saxels cru-
morwmuneni, imasac ambobdnen, gveli hyavso farsmans
lagamamodebuli da zedmjdomi dahqriso igi aragvis
WalebSi. sami kviris manZilze amzadebdnen wamlebs far-
smani da misi Segirdebi, bolos jadosnuri ram siTxe
Sekazmes, mamasaxlisebs dauriges, leSebi daawamlines
da xeebze gaatanines.
gaumaZRari siri mietana mZors da moisra srulad.
Semdgom amisa, wlis miwurulamdis mSvidoba sufevda saerisTavoebSi, berZenTa keisarTan
mtkice zavi Seikra, bagrat kurapalatis mier mravalgzis gvemuli ganZeli fadloni xarks
aZlevda mefes; am magaliTiT daSinebuli tfiliseli amirac gatvrinuli iyo, sarkinozebi jer
kidev boginobdnen Suris cixeSi.
gulmocemuli giorgi dadioda afxazeTsa, samcxesa da qarTlSi, agebda cixe-qalaqebs, aga-
rebsa da eklesiebs. xanmokle zavis dros xangrZlivi omebisaTvis emzadeboda.
axal wels mcxeTaSi iyo taZreuliTurT giorgi, kaTalikosma melqisedekma uTenia ukvlia,
sawolis darbazs moadga oqroiTa, vercxliTa da broweulebiT gavsili xonCiT, klarjeTidan
Camotanili Zelicxovelis jvari miarTva, patiosanis TvlebiT mooWvil luskumaSi Cadebuli,
da Zvirfasi xati aminaSatisa.
dilidanve ewvien mefes erisTavni, zviad spasalari da msaxurTuxucesi, mandaturTuxucesi
da msajulTuxucesi, ezosmoZRvari da CuxCarxi, molareTuxucesi da meRvineTuxucesi, mena-
direTuxucesma sami qori miarTva foladis feri, Svidi Savardeni lazikidan Camoyvanili,
erTi Tavic veluri eSvisa savsebiT mooqrovili. meremeTuxucesma da samma erisTavma _ Svid-
Svidi cxeni TviToeulma.
erisTavebma isrebic moarTves mefes, msxvilni boZalni didnadirTaTvis, qeiburni mxec-
TaTvis, xarCa da qiburji frinvelTaTvis, did-didni kaparWni saomarni.
moiRo mTeli kona isrebisa banjgvlianma mamamze erisTavma, romelsac lomkacad uxmobdnen
II nawili
Tavisi didi aRnagobisa da vaJkacobis gamo, Wreli da mWreli Tvalebi isariviT miaWdo taxtze
mjdomares da warmosTqva:
`mravalJamier hyos dambadebelman yovelTaman mefoba Seni da isarni ese gulsa Sina ganer-
Txos mefobisa Senisa orgulsa. wyeulimc iyos yoveli gulboroti da qvegamxedvari taxtisa
388 Senisai~.
giorgi mdumare iyo bunebiTganve, kaci arametyveli, magram friad dakvirvebuli. man xma-
liviT Seageba mzera isrimisfer Tvalebs, dafanCvul, TeTr warbebqveS TriTinebsaviT awria-
lebul, Semdgom amisa, spasalarisaken gadaitana mzera.
Tavmodrekili idga zviad spasalari, warbSeuxrelad ismenda mamamzis sityvebs da aguris
iataks dasCereboda raRac ucnaur fiqrSi wasuli. uzarmazari xmlis vadas mosWideboda misi
faCvunieri marjvena (yvelani uxmlod idgnen garSemo, mxolod mas ertya darbazobis dros
foladis javardeni).
puroba moTavda da nadimi daiwyo Tu ara, monadireTuxucesma, bazierebma da marekebma eris-
Tavebis mier morTmeuli cxenebi waasxes mefis nakrZalSi, xmliT daayrevines Tavebi da nakrZali
gamohketes irgvliv.
Ramem Semouswro nadims, memaSxaleT maSxalebi aanTes, meWurWleT samaSxale qoni da alya
Semozides darbazSi.
mefes molxena ewada im saRamos, magram spasalaris mowyeniT mdumarebam guneba gaufuWa
anazdad.
naSuaRamevs gaiyarnen darbaziserni, ori memaSxale anTebulis maSxalebiTa kaTalikoss
waruZRva win, TiTo-TiTo samTave erisTavTa.
mefem Ramenebisa usurva stumrebs, zviads wamuyo, memaSxaleni daiTxova da win daisva spa-
salari.
sruli myudroeba sufevda darbazSi, Taflis sanTlebi bJutavdnen niSebSi, nasmurevze
loyebi Sfakloda Wabuk mefes, magram uguneboba ver daeTrguna Rvinos.
mcire xans isxdnen oriveni ase mdumared. Wotis xma modioda kaTalikosis baRidan, guSagebi
hyivodnen uvarskvlavo RameSi.
Tavi aiRo giorgim, jiqurad Sexeda spasalaris Savad Seyril warbebs da ugunebobis mizezi
hkiTxa.
ar mindodao axal wels uxiag ambavTa moxseneba mefisaTvis, Tavi imarTla zviadma, aw SuaRame
gadasuliao da amitomac uambo Semdegi: swored wina dRiT mstovrebs ucnobebiaT aq moTxrobili
misTvis:
kvetaris erisTavs, Talagva kolonkeliZes, ZaliT uTayvanebia fxovelni da didoni, maT ah-
yolian ZurZukni da RalRai da is Temebi, romelnic tiliWamiaTa mezoblad binadrobdnen maSin.
aragvis xeobaSi SemoWrilan saerTo jariT; cixeebs Semowyobian, ubrZolvelad gautexiaT
cixisTavebi, radganac yvelgan Sinakacebi hyoliaT warmarTTaganni Turme.
mamamze erisTavis erTaderTi vaJi, Wiaberi, gudamayarSi SebrZolebia kolonkeliZes, mag-
ram uvneblad ukuqceula da qorsatevelas cixeSi Caketila mciredis jariT.
arc is daumalavs zviad spasalars, am Setakebisas mxolod cameti fxovelni daukodniaT
isriT da Svidni aragvelni sakmaod msubuqad.
Semdgom amisa, Sesevia Turme kolonkeliZe Tavis laSqriT aragvis xeobas, eklesiebi gada-
ubugavs, xatebi Seumusravs, xucebi da berebi samrekloebze daukidnia TokiT, borcvebze bo-
monebi aRumarTavT kvlav, aragvelebic SeerSebian fxovelTa da maTTa mimyolTa, Rameebi uTe-
viaT kerpebisaTvis, Zeni da asulni SeuwiravT uZveless wesisamebr.
sami dRe da Rame rokavdnen Turme bomonebis winaSe da gamarjvebas zeimobdnen ludiT
galeSili brboebi.
es momxdara swored im dRes, roca mamamze erisTavi mefesTan sadarbazod gamoemarTa.
Tavi Caqindra giorgi pirvelma, am ambis Semcnobma.
Tvalwin daudga mamamze erisTavis isrimisferi Tvalebis yalbi cimcimi. rogori nirSec-
vlili eCvena mas mamamze erisTavi im wuTSi? nuTu mamamze iyo igi, Tu satana Casvloda mas gvamSi?
II nawili
mere vin?
bagrat kurapalatis ganuyreli megobari fadlon amirasTan omebSi, Sirimnis brZolaSi
giorgisTan erTad mravali Wiris gadamxdeli.
gana mamamze ar udga giorgis mxarSi, roca `gandga qveyana hereT-kaxeTisa da RadrobiTa
389
aznaurTaTa Sepyrobil iqmnen erisTavni~.
bolos esec moagonda giorgis: nialis velze bernebTan Setakebis pirveli Rame. Wabukma
mefem xmliT gahkveTa berZenTa mTavarsardali, Semoabruna cxeni Tu ara, berZenma mxedarma
Toriani cxeni gamoukla mefes da marjvena wvivi gaugmira SubiT.
iskupa mamamzem cxenidan, balRiviT aiyvana xelSi Wabuki giorgi, sakuTar cxenze Sesva,
xmals xeli gaivlo da ise daifrina mteri, Savardeni dareviao RalRaTa gunds.
axal wels imave mamamzem isrebis kona aiRo xelSi da liqnida urcxvad mefis winaSe, erTgu-
lebas eficeboda.
karga xania icoda giorgim, arc mamamze da arc misi vaJi, Wiaberi, guliT qristianebi ar
iyvnen.
saqarTvelos mefisaTvis Tvalis asaxvevad xatebiTa da jvrebiT hqondaT morTuli qorsa-
tevelas cixe-darbazi da karis eklesia. miuvals mTebSi warmarTuli bomonebi hqondaT muxo-
vanebSi aRmarTuli da iq loculobdnen TavaT.
mstovarebs es ambavic euwyebinaT spasalarisaTvis:
kvetaris erisTavs _ kolonkeliZes, mamamzesa da Wiabers piri SeekraT giorgis winaaRmdeg.
es ar iyo oRond dadgenili, vin idga maT ukan? tfiliseli sarkinozebis amira, Tu bizantiis
keisari basili, romelsac basians gadaRmeli qveynebi waarTva giorgim odesRac.
SesaZloa amira, an basili?
an oriveni erTad?
giorgis isic moxsenda, rom Talagva kolonkeliZis mxolodSobili qali, pirmSvenieri
Sorena, akvanSive daniSnuli hyolia Wiabers.
eklesiebis Semusvra mxolod niadagis mosinjvas moaswavebda. gazafxulze mamamze da Ta-
lagva damzaxldebodnen da saerTo ZaliT Semoewyobodnen ufliscixes.
giorgi Sors Wvretda friad. man kargad uwyoda, rom qristes sjuli safarveli iyo am
SemTxvevaSi.
TavaT giorgisac Seryeuli hqonda rwmena.
arabi bazieni uwvrTnidnen mas miminoebs, xolo farman sparsTan Rameuli saubrebis dros
igi didis gulisyuriT ismenda misgan platonis swavlas sulTa gadavlenisaTvis.
varskvlavebs uTvalTvalebda astrologi mefe RamRamobiT, vin icis, egeb mzegadasulTa
sulni iyvneno igini?
miuxedavad amisa, qristiaobis qomagad iTvleboda giorgi da mis zarafxanaSi moWril TeT-
rze ase ewera: `mefeT mefe giorgi _ messiis maxvili.`
keisarTan zavis darRvevas gaurboda giorgi, Tavis mxriT bizantiisaTvis Tvalis asaxvevad
daucxromlad agebda qristianul taZrebs da maxviliT avrcelebda mTels kavkasionSi qristes
sjuls.
axla mixvdnen giorgi da zviadi mamamze erisTavis darbazobis namdvil mizezs.
dasazveravad gamoegzavna vaJs es sapatio stumari.
giorgis SeeZlo axalwlis meore dResve Tvalebi daeTxara mamamzisaTvis, Wiaberisa da
kolonkeliZis winaaRmdeg jari gaegzavna, vidre pirveli TovliT Seififqebodnen mTebi, mag-
ram Wiaberi axladmobrunebuli iyo bizantionidan, sadac igi TurqebTan brZolaSi SvelisaTvis
oqros muzaradiTa da àrxegosis` saxelwodebiT daajildova keisarma.
Wiaberma bizantionidan dabrunebisTanave RalatiT moakvlevina ovsTa mefe da ZaliT iTay-
vanna ovsni; Seudarebel meomarsa da mojiriTes didi saxeli hqonda gavardnili mTels kavka-
sionSi.
zviad spasalari guldinji mrCeveli iyo, arc Tu giorgis sCveoda did saqmeTa xelaRebiT
gadawyveta. amitomac dasTqves: mxolod meore dRes gamolaparakebodnen mamamzes.
II nawili
Tanac daadgines, gadacmuli berebi gaegzavnaT fxovSi da gamoerkviaT, sarkinozebis amira

urevda am saqmeSi xels, Tu cbieri keisari basili?
1939
390
moiZieT romanis mTliani teqsti da gaecaniT mas.
Temebi msjelobisTvis
daakvirdiT epizodebs, romlebSic moTxrobilia mcxeTaSi mamamze erisTavis yofnis

ambavi _ rogor mJRavndeba aq am personaJis xasiaTi, fsiqologia, politikuri zraxvebi.
rogor warmoCndeba amave epizodebSi giorgi mefis saxe.
ganixileT da SeafaseT Zelicxovlis jvris politikuri miznebisTvis gamoyenebis
istoria.
daakvirdiT giorgi mefis xasiaTis gamovlinebebs urC feodalebTan mis urTi-
erTobaTa dinamikaSi _ ra politikuri da fsiqologiuri motivebi gansazRvravs mefis
damokidebulebas am feodalebisadmi.
rogoria giorgi mefis damokidebuleba sveticxovlis kaTalikosiseuli (bizanti-
uri) proeqtisadmi.
imsjeleT Temaze _ giorgi mefe, bizantia da bizantielebi; ra gansazRvravs mefis gan-
wyobas bizantiisadmi; moiZieT romanSi am ganwyobis gamoxatulebebi da gaaanalizeT isini.
daaxasiaTeT mefis, dedoflis da kaTalikosis urTierTobani, maTi ganmsazRvreli
Sinagani motivebi _ imsjeleT epizodebze, detalebze, romlebSic am urTierTobaTa arsi
yvelaze mkafiod Cans.
rogor warmoCndeba mefis siyvaruli Sorenasadmi _ ganixileT epizodebi da deta-
lebi, romlebSic es siyvarulia gamJRavnebuli; daaxasiaTeT mefis grZnoba; imsjeleT,
rogor warmoaCens igi am personaJs; rogor fiqrobT, ratom aris mefis siyvaruli uiR-
blo; rogori ganwyoba geqmnebaT Seyvarebuli mefisadmi.
rogor ixateba mefis da girSelis metoqeoba _ rogor mJRavndeba aq TviTeuli per-
sonaJis buneba da rogor SeafasebT maT; gaaanalizeT maTi urTierTobis gamomsaxveli
pasaJebi.
rogor mJRavndeba mefis buneba mis gadacmebSi.
daaxasiaTeT giorgi mefe rogorc tragikuli pirovneba; gaaanalizeT am personaJis
tragizmis arsi da misi gamoxatulebani.
ganixileT mefis sikvdiliswina monologi _ ramdenad gulwrfelia es aRsareba; ro-
goria mefis TviTSefaseba; Tqven rogor gangawyobT mefisadmi es TviTSefaseba da ratom.
rogoria mefis Tvalsazrisi qarTul xasiaTze _ ra migaCniaT aq yvelaze sainteresod
da mniSvnelovnad; ras eTanxmebiT da ras ar eTanxmebiT.
rogor vlindeba farsmanis msoflxedva sveticxovlis mis mier Sedgenil proeqtSi.
imsjeleT, rogor warmoCndeba farsmanis buneba da msoflxedva mis biografiaSi.
rogor gamoixateba farsmanis TvalTaxedva da xasiaTi mefesTan mis urTierTobaSi.
ganixileT da SeafaseT farsmanis damokidebuleba arsakiZisadmi _ rogoria misi ra-
oba da raSi mJRavndeba igi.
rogoria farsmanis saxis Tqveneuli Sefaseba; rogor emociebs, fiqrebs, ganwyobas
aRgiZravT es saxe da ratom.
gaaanalizeT arsakiZis Tvalsazrisi Semoqmedebaze, xelovnebaze; TqvenTvis ramde-
nad damajerebelia es Tvalsazrisi; rogor ggoniaT, ramdenad gamarTlebulia adamianma
iseTi mniSvneloba mianiWos xelovnebas Tavis cxovrebaSi, rogorsac arsakiZe aniWebs.
imsjeleT Temaze _ arsakiZis humanuroba; miuTiTeT da ganixileT arsakiZis huma-
nuri bunebis konkretuli gamovlinebebi.
Tvali miadevneT arsakiZis da Sorenas urTierTobis TandaTanobiT cvlas; rogor
warmoisaxeba arsakiZis siyvaruli Sorenasadmi _ ganixileT misi gamomxatveli pasaJebi,
II nawili
detalebi; imsjeleT, rogor axasiaTebs arsakiZes es grZnoba; SeadareT erTmaneTs ar-

sakiZis da mefis siyvaruli; SeafaseT es personaJebi imis mixedviT, Tu rogor avlenen
isini siyvarulSi TavianT bunebas.
gaaanalizeT da SeafaseT Sorenas saxe mefesTan da arsakiZesTan am personaJis ur-
TierTobis mixedviT, Sesabamisi epizodebis da detalebis ganxilvis safuZvelze; Tqveni
391
azriT, ra aniWebs Sorenas momxibvlelobas misi silamazis garda.
imsjeleT Temaze _ arsakiZe dilemis winaSe: sveticxoveli Tu siyvaruli; Tqven ro-
gor afasebT arsakiZis arCevans.
imsjeleT, ras gveubneba arsakiZis naxati misi avtoris msoflxedvis Sesaxeb; rogor
warmoaCens am naxatTan dakavSirebuli istoria sxvadasxva personaJebs, maT msoflxed-
vas, Rirebulebebs, grZnobebs da zraxvebs.
daaxasiaTeT arsakiZe rogorc Sinaganad damoukidebeli pirovneba; imsjeleT mis
tragikul xvedrze da sulier gamarjvebaze; ganixileT yovelive amis konkretuli ga-
moxatulebani.
imsjeleT, rogor warmoCndeba epoqis suraTi `didostatis marjvenaSi~, rogor
warmoisaxeba aq saxelmwifoebrivi da kulturuli aRmSenebloba.
daukavSireT erTmaneTs `didostatis marjvena~ da geronti qiqoZis `CaquCiani ma-
makaci~, dimitri uznaZis `cxovrebis azri~, guram rCeuliSvilis àlaverdoba~.
kritikuli azri
guram kankava
konstantine gamsaxurdias `didostatis marjvena~

`didostatSi~ avtori did adgils uTmobs Suasaukuneobriobis warmodgenas, imdroindeli
koloritis gacocxlebas. mwerali ostaturad xatavs drois Sesafer tipaJs, istoriul-so-
cialurad Camoyalibebul personaJebs. romanSi warmodgenili adamianebi Tavisi vnebebiT,
swrafvebiT, an uCveulo biografiuli TavgadasavliT Tavis epoqas gvixataven. isini cxovroben
sisxlsavse, saintereso cxovrebiT, maTi tonusi drodadro zedmetad aweulia da rTuli so-
cialuri, religiuri Tu politikur-saxelmwifoebrivi movlenebi gadaxarSulia maT xasiaTsa
da bunebaSi. isini epoqis Svilebi arian.
Zveli mcxeTis moukirwylavi quCabandebi, damZimebuli mwuxriT, mTavarTa sanaTlois Su-
kebi da Cixebi, xursiseuli sasaxlis dabzaruli kedlebi, purobis ceremonialis gadmocema
sasaxlis karze _ damxmare aqsesuarebi araa; Zalauneburad, amgvar garemoSi moTavsebul per-
sonaJebad gvesaxebian Cveni mama-papebis ametyvelebuli, xan ki mdumared moqmedi saxeebi. gam-
wvavebuli politikuri situacia, feodaluri separatizmis mZafri gamovlinebani, religiuri
fanatizmis TareSi, bataluri scenebis energiuli aRwera, nadirobis ostaturi gadmocema,
SeTqmulTa TaTbirebis Cveneba, xalxis farTo masebis mxatvruli warmosaxva, mSeneblobis epi-
zoduri, magram saintereso pasaJebi, Jami, miwisZvra, saerisTavo irmis jogebi, bolos is, rasac
bunebis aRweras veZaxiT, xolo k. gamsaxurdias romanebSi ufro swori iqneboda bunebis gancda
gvewodebina, mimzidvelsa da kolorituls qmnis `didostats~. es is CarCoa, romelSic moqme-
deben mdidari sulis mqone, Zlieri nebisa da Cauqrobeli vnebebiT moziduli adamianebi.
ise rogorc es Tavdapirvelad jer kidev valter skotis romanebSi SeiniSneba, mxatvruli
da istoriuli mTlianobisa Tu damajereblobisaTvis k. gamsaxurdias nawarmoebSi Setanili
aqvs qarTuli istoriuli geografiis, toponimikis, eTnografiis, folkloris, xalxuri me-
dicinis, warmarTuli religiis damaxasiaTebeli momentebi da masalebi. es mdidari istoriuli
monacemebi da naSTebi gacocxlebuli, amoqmedebulia romanSi da emsaxureba istoriulobis
aRdgenas, istoriis grZnobis gacocxlebas. istoriul-eTnografiuli masala organuladaa
Sesuli nawarmoebis mxatvrul-literaturul qsovilSi da Cans, Tu ra didi Rone Sealia av-
torma mis mopovebas, dazustebas da damuSavebas. bunebrivadaa CarTuli romanSi iseTi Stri-
II nawili
xebi, romlebic suraTovans xdis Zveli feodaluri yofis sxvadasxva mxares.
***
calkeul samTavroTa gaerTianebis efeqturi cdebi, rac saqarTveloSi XI saukunis damdegs
392
daiwyo, xolo mis momdevno epoqebSi warmatebiT xorcieldeboda, erovnuli suliskveTebis
namdvil ganmtkicebas mowmobda. am saxelmwifoebriv saqmianobaSi Semaferxebel rols Tama-
Sobdnen ganapirebis mosurne feodalebi, romlebic uomrad da brZolis gareSe Tavis pozicias
ar Tmobdnen. romanSi araerTgzis, cnobis saxiT da suraTovnadac, naCvenebia calkeul samTav-
roTa Tu feodalTa partikularistuli moqmedeba.
XI saukunis damdegisTvis arabTa saxalifo SesamCnevad iyo dasustebuli da bizantiis msof-
lio imperias ufro dajerebulad SeeZlo Tavisi adrindeli samflobeloebisTvis Seetia ro-
gorc amierkavkasiaSi, ise axlo aRmosavleTis sxva qveynebSi. saqarTvelos gaerTianebisa da
politikuri momZlavrebis tendencia Tu faqti basili I I -s ar gamorCenia da is mTeli mondome-
biT cdilobda gadaeWra yvela gza amisaTvis. cxadia, saxalifos adgili mas surda daekavebina
saqarTveloSi da misi ZirgamomTxreli saqmianobac, romelic mraval politikur fandSi ixa-
teboda, aqeT iyo mimarTuli. romanSi, fxovelTa pirveli amboxis cnobisTanave, giorgi, metad
Sewuxebuli, fiqrobs, Tu vin umagrebda zurgs mamamzes vaJs, Wiabers, mis separatizmSi: `karga
xania icoda giorgim, arc mamamze da arc misi vaJi Wiaberi guliT qristianebi ar iyvnen... mstov-
rebs es ambavic euwyebinaT spasalarisaTvis: kvetaris erisTavs kolonkeliZes, mamamzesa da
Wiabers piri SeekraT giorgis winaaRmdeg. es ar iyo oRond dadgenili, vin idga maT ukan: tfi-
liseli sarkinozebis amira, Tu bizantiis keisari basili, romelsac basians gadaRmeli qveynebi
waarTva giorgim odesRac~.
Zalze sainteresoa basianisa da misi momijnave olqebis politikuri istoria. rogorc
viciT, 979 wels daviT kurapalati daexmara basili keisars barda skliarosis ajanyebis Caqro-
baSi. am erTgulebisTvis keisarma daviTs aCuqa basianisa da karinis (arzrumis) miwebis garda,
agreTve, ramdenime somxuri olqi. keisari asaCuqrebda imaT, vinc misi orientaciisa iyo da
politikuri qveSevrdomis uflebebSi imyofeboda; amave dros basili meore dainteresebuli
iyo amgvar qveynebSi taxtis maZiebelTa mxaris daWeriT, didaznaurTa mosyidva-gadabirebiT
(aseTi personaJia romanSi Wiaberi; is taxtis maZiebeli separatistia). sabolood, basiani da
misi mezobeli olqebi iqca kidec klded sacTurisa basil keisarsa da giorgi mefes Soris. am
miwa-wylis gamo giorgim, sul cota, sami sisxlismRvreli omi gadaixada bizantiasTan.
basili keisari giorgis gamefebisTanave iTxovda ukan im miwebs, romelic man daviT kura-
palats uboZa. giorgim civi uariT upasuxa am moTxovnaze, ris gamoc keisars taoSi gamougzavnia
didZali laSqari Tavisi pretenziebis dasakmayofileblad. omi olTisTan momxdara da bizan-
tielTa laSqari damarcxebula.
meored, 1021 wels, anu `meSvidesa welsa mefobisa misisasa, _ wers `matiane qarTlisa~, _
gamovida basili, mefe berZenTa, mas zeda yovliTa spiTa saberZneTisaTa da ucxoTesliTa uric-
xviTa. xolo giorgi mefe ganvida spiTa didiTa winaaRmdgomad missa. da daibanakes orTave
queyanasa basianisasa mravaldRe, da ara mimarTes brZolad urTierTas. morida giorgi mefeman,
movida da dawua qalaqi olTisi. da muniT movida kolas da gamoudga kualsa, da moudga ukana basi-
li. ganvida TviT giorgi mefe, rameTu axovan iyo uSiSo yovliTurT viTarca uxorco...~. bolos es
omi giorgim waago da TrialeTs miaSura. keisari mas fexdafex misdevda, aoxrebda da wvavda gzad
mdebare adgilebs. bolos dauzamTrda da zamTris gatareba trapizons gadauwyvetia.
rodesac basili keisari bulgarelebTan omiT iyo dakavebuli, giorgim dro SeurCia da waar-
Tva mas cixeni da olqebi. keisarma bulgarelebTan saqme moaTava da konstantinepolSi mibrunda.
giorgim saWirod ar CaTvala Tavisi `Secdomebi~ gamoesworebina, uari eTqva Tavis namoqmedar-
ze da erTgulebis fici mieca keisarisTvis. is gaamayda, kerpobda da miwer-mowera gamarTa al-
haqimTan, raTa isini gaerTianebuli ZaliT Tavs dasxmodnen keisars sxvadasxva mxridan.
basili keisars daupirebia zRviT dasxmoda Tavs mefes afxazeTSi, xomaldebs amzadebda da
samxedro Tadarigs iWerda. mdgomareoba rTuli iyo da giorgi pirvelma Zalis gamoyenebis
nacvlad diplomatias mimarTa. man mociqulebi afrina bizantiaSi.
II nawili
im dros, rodesac bizantiasa da saqarTvelos Soris `zavi da mSvidobianoba~ iyo, keisars aujan-
ydnen mxedarTmTavrebi _ foka da qsife. giorgi ar Tvlemda, dros eloda, rom Tavisi Zalebi
marjved daepirispirebina uSvelebeli msoflio imperiis ZalmosilebisTvis. es TiTqmis arnaxuli
Widili iyo da giorgim saidumlo molaparakeba gaaba ajanyebul mxedarTmTavrebTan.
al-haqimi (985-1021) _ arabTa xalifa

393
rogorc ki moaTava da Caaqro saSinao amboxi, basili saqarTvelosken daiZra (1023 wels).
qarTvelebi iZlivnen da ikisres zavis mZime pirobebi. giorgim keTilganwyobilebis Sesaqmne-
lad gaatana mZevlad vaJiSvili bagrati, dauTmo 14 cixe da is miwebic, romelTac keisari eda-
veboda taosa, kola-artaansa da javaxeTSi. arasaxarbielo zavi 1023 wels dadebula. ase dam-
Tavrda basianis mesame samxedro operacia. yoveli es movlena Tu situacia romanSi metismetad
Zunwadaa miniSnebuli.
romanSi fsiqologiurad damajereblad da istoriuli simarTliT warmodgenilia pata-
ra, politikuri gaZlierebis gzaze mtkiced mdgari eris SemmarTebeli poziciebi fufunebis,
ayvavebisa da simZlavris zenitSi myof veeba imperiasTan. wignSi gadmocemulia is garegnuli
siamtkbiloba, romelic religiur niadagze viTomda fexs ikidebda am or gadamterebul sa-
xelmwifos Soris...
***
ZiriTadad mwerlis istoriul Tvalsazriss kvebavs erovnuli koncefcia. gansakuTrebul
mniSvnelobas iZens romanis mTlian konteqstSi arsakiZis mier warmoTqmuli sityvebi, rom-
liTac xuroTmoZRvari Sorenas mimarTavs. arsakiZis azriT, romelic amave dros avtoris wam-
yvan azrsac warmoadgens, yovelma mamuliSvilma unda itvirTos da bolomde gaitanos Tavisi
qveynis bedi. is arsebiTi monawile unda gaxdes Tavisi samSoblos sikeTisa Tu ubedurebis.
`Cemda Tavad, _ ambobs romanSi arsakiZe, _ me vemorCilebi im wyobilebas, romelic wilad ergo
Cems xalxs da arc erTi eri imis ukeTesis Rirsi araa, rac mas daumyarebia Tavad. amitomac,
xval rom berZnebi, an sarkinozebi Semoewyon saqarTvelos cixeebs, moqandakis saWreTels ganze
gadavdeb da xmliT SevebrZolebi mters~.
arsakiZe romanSi saqarTvelos erovnul-kulturuli simaRlis gamomxatveli figuraa, ise
rogorc meore personaJi _ mefe giorgi mTeli Tavisi moqmedebiT da saqmianobiT asaxavs erov-
nul-politikuri SemarTebisa da Segnebis dones. orive es personaJi _ gansxvavebulad _ emsa-
xureba erT did misias.
giorgi romanSi erovnuli xasiaTis niSnebs atarebs. es mJRavndeba ara marto misi politi-
kur-saxelmwifoebrivi moRvaweobis CvenebaSi, aramed misi pirovnuli Tvisebebis mxatvrul
gaxsnaSic. avtoris CanafiqriT, giorgi mtvirTvelia Tavisi qveynis mravali Rirsebisa da nak-
lisac. igi Cinebuli politikosi, meomari da mmarTvelia. misi centralisturi saxelmwifoeb-
rivi sistema progresuli movlenaa im droisTvis; magram is pirovnul naklTagan araa dazRve-
uli da amitom, misive gancxadebis Tanaxmad, mas mravali codva miuZRvis: rogorc mefes, ise
ubralo mokvdavs. avtoris azriT, Tuki adamiani sakuTari samSoblos erTguli Svilia, mas
bevri nakli da codva mieteveba.
sikvdilis win, Taviseburi aRsarebis Tqmisas, giorgi mdabior pipasTan, xalxis warmomad-
genelTan rCeba pirispir. didi CamwvdomobiT daxatul am scenaSi avtoris erovnuli tkivi-
lebia Caqsovili.
***
arsakiZe nawarmoebSi Rrmadadamianuri TvisebebiT Semkuli personaJia, magram misi mxat-
vruli funqcia romanSi ufro idealuria. arsakiZis `Tema~ nawarmoebSi, arsebiTad, xelovnebis
Temaa, xolo `didostatis~ ZiriTad Temas, erovnul suliskveTebasTan erTad, swored es war-
moadgens.
xelovnebis Tema k. gamsaxurdias `didostatSi~ Sromis Tavisuflebis da kulturuli aR-
II nawili
mSeneblobis apologiac aris. `kurTxeulia mxolod nabiji valmoxdilisa, Sromaa udidesi

siqvele am qveynad da arc araferi amSvenebs ise vaJkacs, rogorc SromaSi gamoCenili simamace.
udidesi siamaye Seudgeba guls, roca Semoqmedebis nayofi cxovrebasa da miwas samkaulad ga-
moadgeba~. romanistis azriT, sulieri Semoqmedebis maRali mniSvneloba imaSia, rom mxatvru-
li qmnileba, romelSic gamokristalda avtoris pirovneba da SenivTda misi uRrmesi artis-
394
tuli da adamianuri buneba, `maradiuli~ xasiaTisaa; is adamianis aqtiuri bunebis saukeTeso
dadasturebaa. esaa TviTon xelovanis cxovrebis gaukvdavebac, romelic `cocxlobs~ sakuTar
nawarmoebSi.
`xelovnebaa Tavad ukvdaveba. mxolod ostats ver daeweva sikvdili. aTaseuli wlebi wale-
kaven irgvliv yovelives, mxolod sveticxoveli darCeba, rogorc RmerTTan da sikvdilTan
mebrZoli iakobi~; `roca yvelafers wvima warxocavs, roca yvela xmas qari waiRebs, sveticxo-
veli Seimatebs didebas kidevac. marTlac da, sxva ra evaleba ostats, Tu ar wamieris maradJa-
mulad qceva? sxva ra evaleba amqveynad ostats, Tu ar Widili warmavlobis nislTan?~.
adamiani moralurad miiltvis gaukvdavebisken, rac TavisTavad mSvenieria, ambobs am ro-
maniT avtori. sulieri ukvdavebis erT umSvenieres gzas warmoadgens xelovneba. arsakiZem,
sveticxovlis taZris didebulma xuroTmoZRvarma, sakuTari sicocxle, pirovneba qvis eniT
amcno momaval saukuneebs, STamomavlobas.
erTi SexedviT Cans, TiTqos arsakiZe yvelaferze maRla ayenebs Tavis profesias, magram
amis axsna asec SeiZleba: arsakiZe yoveliveze maRla (siyvarulze, karieraze) ki ar ayenebs xe-
lovnebas, aramed yvelafers xelovnebaSi sdebs, masSi amJRavnebs. igi, bolosdabolos, sicoc-
xles ki ar swiravs xelovnebas, aramed Tavisi didi sulieri sicocxlis asaxva surs xelovnebaSi.
es aris fsiqologiuri gardasaxva ùkvdavebaSi~. amgvarad unda gvesmodes k. gamsaxurdias es-
Tetikuri mrwamsi, misi esTetikuri da mxatvruli Canafiqris ZiriTadi Sinaarsi.
`mTeli Cemi sicocxle RmerTis ZiebaSi viyavi me Slegi fxovSi, WaneTSi da bizantiaSi. mxo-
lod dRes mivxvdi, Cemo, _ eubneba arsakiZe Sorenas, _ rom es cxovreba arc ise mruded warumar-
Tavs arsTagamgebels. yvelaferi imisTvis SeemTxveva am miwaze kacs, raTa Tavis Tavs da Tavis
RmerTs miagnos bolos. gjerodes, Cemo, sapatio valia kacisa ara glaxakuri RmerTis Zieba,
aramed TavaT unda gaxdes Semoqmedi uflis metoqed~. amgvaria nawarmoebis kardinaluri Tema.
mwerlis azriT, xelovnebis qmnileba Tavisi bunebiT maradiulia imitom, rom is adamianis
sulieri energiis umaRlesi nayofia da sinamdvilis gansakuTrebuli formaa, `meore sinamdvi-
lea~. `me Cemi xelovneba sicocxleze metad Semyvarebia, Cemo. amitomac ganwiruli maqvs Tavi.
_ maS, Sen sicocxle qvaze naklebad gyvarebia, uta?
_ gana qvaa sveticxoveli, Cemo? qvayofilia igi amJamad. ufro ukvdavi, vidre asi aTasi
mokvdavis suli~.
xelovneba adamianis sulieri Zalebis sacdeli qvaa da moiTxovs uryev nebas, did siyvaruls
sagnisadmi; igi adamianis moralur SesaZleblobaTa sazRvrebis erTgvari gamocdaa da masSi
kargad Cans adamianis arseba. ori ram avsebs suls mudam axali saocrebiTa da mokrZalebiT, _
Tqva erTma didma filosofosma, _ romelnic miT ufro Zlierni Canan, rac ufro xSirad da
daJinebiT vfiqrobT maTze, _ es aris varskvlaviani ca Cvens Tavze da moraluri kanoni Cvens
SigniT*.
sulieri siRrme usazRvrod zrdis Cems mniSvnelobas, rogorc gonieri arsebisa. mora-
luri kanoni gadaxsnis Cems win cxovrebis azrs, damoukidebels Cemi mokvdavi arsebisgan da
mTeli samyarosgan, ramdenadac is gamomdinareobs Cemi arsebobis mizanSewonilobisa da da-
niSnulebisagan.
adamiani diadia misi arsebobis mizanSewonilobisa da daniSnulebis gamo, sulier SesaZ-
leblobaTa ZaliT, xolo xelovneba, Semoqmedeba amis erTi saukeTeso gamovlinebaa. rodesac
romanSi arsakiZe fizikurad iRupeba, misgan rCeba is, rac `mTavari~ iyo masSi da raSic is TiTqos
samudamod ganivTda _ ukvdavi sveticxoveli.
siyvarulis motivi nawarmoebSi dramatul qargas qmnis. magram satrfialo grZnobis Warbad
warmodgenis miuxedavad, siyvarulis motivze `maRla~ romanSi, udavod, xelovnebis Temaa da-
yenebuli. sasiyvarulo intrigebi romanSi qmnis dramatul CarCosa da asparezs, romlis gaS-
II nawili
liT kidev ufro mkveTrdeba da reliefuri xdeba avtoris ZiriTadi Canafiqri. `romel guls
eyofa Zala, mijnurobasa da xelovnebas emsaxuros orsaves Tanabrad? ase yofila Jamis dasaba-
midan: erTi bomoni ver daitevs verasodes or kerps~. sveticxovelze fiqrebiT garTuli ar-
* 395
damowmebulia germaneli filosofosis emanuel kantis (1724-1804) gamonaTqvami
sakiZe Sorenasken gaeSureba, magram gzaSi aseTi mware azri mouva: `mxolod moclilebs emar-
jvebaT gamijnureba!~.
meore epizodSi aRwerilia Sorenas farulad misvla arsakiZesTan ratiseul sasaxleSi.
Seyvarebulni eficebian erTmaneTs siyvarulsa da erTgulebas. meore dilas, rodesac arsakiZe
mSeneblobaze gaemarTa, grZnobs, rom sveticxovelis danaxvac ver hgvris xaliss. kalatozni
da mxatvarni atyoben ugunebobas, daudevrobasa da gulgrilobas samuSaos mimarT. èrosisgan
datyvevebuli~ xuroTmoZRvari saWreTels ver imarjvebs, xeli moecareba da ìseTive uxeSi
xazebi gamohyavda mis xelSi saWreTels, rogoric `mejadage ostatebs~ sCveoda~.
avtoris azriT, arsakiZis droebiTi marcxi imiTaa gamowveuli, rom mas èrosi Casvloda
gvamSi. nuravis gaukvirdeba eg, radgan erosi zarmacebis RvTaebaa, igi nadimebs ufro metad
etaneba, vidre qvis saxelosnoebs.
simTvraleSi miudga mamamisi Tavis cols, zevsis baRSi naqurdal neqtariT galeSils.
amitomac sxvis venaxebsa da sxvis sacoleebs uTvalTvalebs mudam erosi, naqurdali Rvi-
nisa da siyvarulisagan galoTebuli.
ase ukiTxavad Seipareba igi TavaT bejiTi ostatebis gulSiac, siyvarulisaTvis ocnebas,
Rvinis smasa da musikobas moanatrebs gamijnurebulT.
bodokias gadaapira oriode davaleba arsakiZem, Cveulebrivze adre wavida mSeneblobidan,
gamoipara, rogorc zarmaci mona~.
arsakiZe itanjeba imaze fiqriT, Tu romel `kerps~ miuZRvnas Tavisi darCenili cxovrebis
wlebi: èrT sasworze ori uZvirfasesi qmnileba dahkides.
es saRamo gamoarkvevda, romeli maTgani gadaswonida: sveticxoveli Tu Sorena?
oriveni erTsa da imaves moiTxovdnen misgan: sicocxles~.
romanSi aRZruli dilemis gadawyvetas avtori mxolod nawarmoebis bolo abzacebSiRa
iZleva. imarjvebs Sromisa da aRmSeneblobis motivi, romelsac Cven xelovnebis Tema vuwodeT
pirobiTad. misi stiqia ufro Zlieri aRmoCndeba.
siyvaruli STamagonebeli, qmediTi Zalaa da damabrkolebeli, Semaferxebelic erTsa da
imave dros. mis gareSe cxovrebis azri Raribdeba, magram aqtiuri Semoqmedebis upiratesobac
TvalnaTlivia, _ aseTia romanistis daskvna.
***
...samTavros eklesiaSi melqisedek kaTalikosi qadagebda; misi qadageba im dRes damyarebuli
iyo `dabadebidan~ aRebul iakobis RmerTTan SebrZolebis siuJetze: `da wiaR moikriba iakob
yovelive, raica iyo misi da dadga igi marto mun da erkineboda mas kaci vidre ganTiadamde. da
viTar ixila rameTu ver uZlavs misa mimarT, Seexo vrcelsa barkalisa misisasa da daubuSa
vrceli barklisai iakobisi~.
`didostatSi~ ori adamiani cdilobs ganmartos es adgili _ erTia konstantine arsakiZe,
meore _ melqisedek kaTalikosi. ukanaskneli, SeiZleba iTqvas, zedmiwevniT da sityvasityviT
ganmartavs mas: `moweseebsa da mRvdlebs marTebTo kargad ganmarteba am adgilisa, radgan mwva-
lebelni da mkrexelni augad iyenebeno iakobis mier RmerTTan brZolis ambavs.
amqveyniuri saxeliT da pativiT gulmocemulni Semoqmeds utoleben Tavs, RmerTTan Ta-
nabrZolobas mieltviano. aq xma aumaRla kaTalikosma da iqednuri RimiliT dasZina: am saco-
davebs is aviwydebaT, barkali rom mostexao RmerTma Tavis ufalTan morkine iakobs~.
adamianis saukeTeso xvedria ebrZolos bunebaSi Tu sakuTar arsebaSi mis damTrgunvel
aRmatebul Zalas; ebrZolos sakuTar xvedrs, daupirispirdes Tavis pirovnul-adamianur mij-
II nawili
nebs. es aris brwyinvale uZvelesi miTi adamianis sulier bunebaze, rogorc is esmis konstantine
arsakiZes. misTvis iakobis RmerTTan Widilis igavi misi saukeTeso zraxvebisaTvis Widili da
brZolaa.
am miTSi ufro metad is azria `SeniRbuli~, rom SemoqmedebiTi Sroma yvelaze maRali da
daZabuli brZolaa, romelsac adamiani eweva Sinagan cnobier Tu aracnobier ZalebTan, raTa am
396
brZolaSi `sakuTar RmerTs~ miakvlios.
***
yvelaze saintereso xasiaTs romanSi giorgi pirveli warmoadgens. am personaJis xatvisas
avtors miznad hqonda daexata adamiani, romlisTvis miwieri sikeTe, nivTieri SesaZleblobani
ganusazRvrelia. giorgi amqveyniuri Zlevamosilebisa da cxovrebasTan TviTrjuli damoki-
debulebis Taviseburi simboloa. amave dros yvelaze metad individualizebulia nawarmoebSi.
igi mefea, gamWriaxi politikosi, gaTamamebuli mbrZanebeli, uebro meomari, gamocdili dip-
lomati, pativmoyvare da veragi arSiyi. romanSi igi araa moklebuli maRal grZnobebs da iseve
gvitacebs, gvizidavs an gvebraleba, rogoradac gvaSfoTebs an gvaocebs.
igi mTliani, nebisyofiani, energiuli da Tanamimdevruli pirovnebaa. rogorc istoriidan
viciT, am mefem imdeni vnebianoba da SemmarTebloba gamoiCina gareSe da Sina mtrebisTvis Wkuis
saswavleblad, rac misi saxelmwifos Zal-Rones da SesaZleblobas TiTqmis aRemateboda. TiT-
qos amgvari Tvisebebis adamians moraluri dakmayofileba unda egrZno sakuTar erovnul mis-
wrafebebsa da politikur saqmianobaSi, radgan moralur kmayofilebas adamiani mxolod saku-
Tari Zlieri da saukeTeso zraxvebis ganxorcielebiT Tu aRwevs. TiTqos, romanis mixedviT,
am mefem gaakeTa imdeni, rac mas zneobriv uflebas miscemda sikvdilis wina wuTebSi mainc gane-
cada sulieri daSoSmineba da daukmayofileblobis grZnobas ar daeTrguna. magram es ase ar
xdeba. romanis mixedviT, mefe skeptikuradaa ganwyobili Tavisi pirovnebis mimarT da Sem-
TxveviTad ar Tvlis, rom man ver miaRwia sulier aumRvrevlobas da pirad siyvarulSi marcxi
iwvnia. igi Tavis uiRblobas filosofiuri auRelveblobiT uyurebs, aanalizebs da sakuTari
cxovrebis swor Sefasebas iZleva.
romanSi mefe Sinagani eWvebiTaa Sepyrobili. `kidev ra seni sWirT mefeebs, farsman?~ `qed-
maRloba mefeebis udidesi ubedurebaa, _ upasuxebs farsmani, _ mefe yovel qveyanaSi martoxe-
laa da erTaderTi. igic xom cxadia, martosuli arasodes iqneba mTeli. merme mimoixedavs
xolme martosuli igi da, raki Tavis msgavss veravis naxavs sxvas, mas xelidan ecleba uZvirfa-
sesi samkauli kacTa modgmisa, Tavmdabloba~. farsmani gadakvriT axsenebs mefes, rom adamia-
nisTvis Calis fasi aqvs tituls, romelic Tavgzas akargvinebs gvirgvinTmtvirTvelebs. Za-
laufleba, miwieri dideba ar spobs sulier tanjvas.
giorgi pirveli zneobrivi daukmayofileblobis msxverplia. TviTanalizis SemweobiT igi
xvdeba, rom mis politikur zraxvebs xSirad safuZvlad Sorenasadmi siyvaruli edo. fxovis
amboxis pirveli Caqroba xom Wiaberis muxTali sikvdiliT gvirgvindeba, meore amboxs aseve
uwyalod ewireba misi biZaSvilis, girSelis, sicocxle, xolo mesame ajanyebis Caqrobis Semdeg
marjvenas sWrian konstantine arsakiZes. samive personaJi msxverplia giorgis eWviani siyvaru-
lisa Sorenasadmi, xolo samive amboxis CaxSobis fsiqologiur-pirovnuli motivi _ esaa Sore-
nas misakuTreba da misi saqmroebis amowyveta. giorgis, cxadia, mxolod pirovnuli grZnobebi
ar amoqmedebda, is politikosia, upirveles yovlisa. magram misi politikuri interesebi mxat-
vrulad dakavSirebulia mis Sinagan daundoblobasa da moWarbebul satrfialo vnebianobasTan.
siyvarulis Zlieri grZnoba savsebiT nebismierad warmarTavs giorgi mefis xelisuflebriv aq-
ciebs da konfliqtSi eqceva mis politikur saqmianobasTan. aseTi xasiaTis konfliqtebi xdeba
safuZveli swored misi moraluri usufTaobisa da Taviseburi zneobrivi siClungisa.
`mamamzem icoda, gulmxeci rom iyo giorgi mefe, magram Tu mas farisevluri cremlebis
nTxevac SeeZlo, es ar egona mas! mis xelSi davaJkacda giorgi, tlanqia igi da gulzviadi~.
giorgi avtokratia da Tavisi sawadelis miRweva xmliT surs. igi amiTac upirispirdeba
arsakiZes, romelic Tavis miznebs sakuTari sulieri ZalebiT aRwevs. ganusazRvrel Zalmosi-
lebas, romelsac is zog SemTxvevaSi borotad iyenebs, simSvidis nacvlad sevdisa da daukma-
yofileblobis gancdebi moaqvs: `Zliers ufro metad uWirs am qveynad. amitom mudam daRre-
nilni dadian lomebi, vefxvebi da avazebi, xolo TriTinebi, Tagvebi da ciyvebi mudam mxiaru-
II nawili
lad dacunculoben. arabeTSi momismenia lomebis buxuni _ gamodgebian udabnoSi, Semzaravad

grgvinaven, amazrzenia maTi ucnauri glova~.
Tu giorgi mefe Sorenas siyvaruls ver wvdeba, es imitom, rom is swori gziT ar eZiebs mis
xels, marTebuli gziT ar surs Tu ar SeuZlia misi mizidva. aseTia avtoris moralisturi Tval-
sazrisi. 397
***
epoqis gamoxatvas avtori orgvari meTodiT axorcielebs. erTi mxriv, garegnulad _ is-
toriuli garemosa da istoriuli rekvizitis saSualebiT, meore mxriv, personaJTa sulieri
samyaros ìstoriuli xasiaTis~ wvdomiT. am mxriv yvelaze individualizebuli da konkreti-
zebulia farsman sparsi, romelic epoqalur tips warmoadgens.
romanSi farsman sparsi ara marto kosmopolitia, avantiuristi an mravalnacadi intrigani,
igi diletanticaa da aq marxia misi uiRblobis umTavresi mizez-garemoebani. SavSeTis erisTa-
vis, baqar CorCanelis, memkvidre farsmani unayofo gamodga Tavisi samSoblosTvis. Tavisi
codna, niWi da gamocdileba man samareSi Caitana da pirovnuli Tvisebebisa Tu ulmobeli bedis
gamo iqca RvarZlian da garyvnil, usagno adamianad. samSoblos Ziridan mowyvetili arqiteq-
tori ver gauZRveboda erovnuli geniis gamomxatveli Zeglis, sveticxovlis, aSenebis saqmes.
misi biografia faqtobrivi simdidriT aTeul adamianTa biografias aRemateba, misi codna
aranakleb nairferovania. magram, avtoris azriT, amas ara aqvs gadamwyveti mniSvneloba. es
`yovlismcodneoba~ ufro diletantobas waagavs da arsakiZis genia mas iseve Crdilavs, rogorc
varskvlavian cas ganTiadisas amomavali mzis Suqi.
farsmani imitomacaa diletanti, rom man wlebis manZilze dakarga cxovrebis umTavresi
azri. TiTqmis yvelafers igi uyurebs, rogorc pirobas arsebobisTvis da ar gaaCnia uangaro
siyvaruli arCeuli sagnisadmi, romlis gareSe verc erTi didi misia ver Sesruldeba. aseTna-
irad upirispirdeba farsmani arsakiZis saxes romanSi. nawarmoebSi farsmans ar SeuZlia it-
virTos da gadawyvitos `xelovnebis Tema~, radgan igi aranacionaluria (usamSobloa) Tavisi
sulieri da kulturuli arsebiT.
***
pirvelxarisxovan personaJTagan Sorena meore gmiria, farsmanTan erTad, romelic ara-
istoriul pirs warmoadgens romanSi. iseve rogorc konstantine arsakiZe, isic `gaidealebu-
li~ saxea. arc istoriaSi da, albaT, arc cxovrebaSi mas prototipi ara hyavs.
Sorenasa da arsakiZis saxeebs erTgvarad akliaT individualizeba, an ufro metad sWirde-
baT is, ramdenadac es realistur romans Seefereba; isini ufro romantikulad gamoiyurebian
romanis sxva gmirebis gverdiT. kolonkeliZis mSvenieri asuli Tavisi qalurobiT da kdema-
mosilebiT, sulieri simtkiciTa da erTgulebiT siyvarulis amaRlebuli rusTaveluri gage-
bis gansaxierebaa; man aTqmevina arsakiZes: `siyvarulia TavaT RmerTi am qveyanaze~. daaxloe-
biT amave mizeziT Sorena nawarmoebSi `maradiuli siyvarulis~ganzogadebuli saxe ufroa,
vidre konkretul-adamianuri xasiaTi.
***
avtori ZiriTadad emyareba epikur Txrobas, ambis miukerZoeblad gadmocemas. lirikul
nakads sagrZnoblad sWarbobs Txrobis auRelvebeli mdinareba.
ambis epikurad gaSlas ar arRvevs avtoris Careva moqmedebis ganviTarebaSi, ise rogorc
es Tavs iCens klasikuri romanis poetikaSi.
romanis epikur xasiaTs mwerali ostaturad uTavsebs WeSmarit lirizms, azrisa da saxeebis
poeturobas Tu ganwyobilebis siuxves. `romanistis xelovneba friad rTulia, _ wers avtori,
_ moqmedebis dinamikaSi mas esaWiroeba dramatuli fabulis ganviTarebisTvis liriuli gan-
zesvla, rafinirebuli lirikosis gemovneba, movlenaTa guldinji aRweriT epiur xelovnebaSi
igi unda gauswordes did istorikoss.
II nawili
sxva sirTulenic axlavs am xelovnebas. Tu liriuli leqsis an novelis avtori erTi mTli-
ani an ganuxreli ganwyobilebiT unda werdes, romanisti erTsa da imave qmnilebaSi unda aTav-
sebdes paTeTiurs, elegiurs, dramatiulsa da xanac satirul-humoristul tons~.
`didostati~ moklebuli araa saTavgadasavlo romanis elementebsac. amisaTvis sakmarisia
398 movigonoT farsmanis cxovrebis gzis daxasiaTeba, anda mamamze erisTavis gamotexvis epizo-
debi I da II Tavebidan. aseTive ieriTaa Sesrulebuli giorgi mefis `saRaribod svla~ fxovs,
anda Tavis mdabiorebTan erTad nadiroba.
realistur prozasTan `didostats~ naklebad akavSirebs fsiqologizmi. es mxare nawar-
moebSi araa Zlieri; SeiZleba isic iTqvas, rom romani arsebiTad moklebulia fsiqologiuro-
bas ise, rogorc Cven es cneba gvesmis, magaliTad, Tomas manTan an stefan cvaigTan. magram fsi-
qologiurobis saerTod uaryofa mxatvrul nawarmoebSi dauSvebeli da alogikuria. avtoris,
rogorc fsiqologis, Tavisebureba gamomJRavnda, magaliTad, mamamzes sulieri gancdebis
gamoxatvisas mcxeTaSi stumrobis dros. TvalsaCinodaa Sesrulebuli gaiZvera feodalSi erT-
guleba-veragobis erToblivad, erTimeoris gverdiT arseboba, rodesac samtrod Camosuli
erisTavi, mefisadmi aSkara erTgulebis grZnobiT, kinaRam daTvis Sepyrobas Seewireba. es su-
lieri viTareba ostaturadaa gamoxatuli da araa moklebuli damajereblobas; yvelaze mtru-
lad ganwyobil adamianSi warsuli urTierTobidan SemorCenili erTgulebis uecari, afeqturi
gamovlinebis Cveneba adamianis sulis Rrma codnas mowmobs. grZnobaTa es rTuli kompleqsi
romanSi mxatvrulad motivirebulia.
avtori iyenebs kontrastebis meTods gmirTa daxasiaTebisa an moqmedebaTa meti simkveT-
risaTvis. kontrastebis meTodiTaa Sesrulebuli ganmgeTuxucesisa da arsakiZis Sexvedris
scena; an `qristes mier galxakTa~ svlisa da iqve _ mwyemsebis mier mefis Wixvina saomar ulayTa
daokebis eqspresiuli gadmocema.
SedarebiT ufro naZaladevia iumoris gamoyeneba romanSi. msubuqi iumori haeriviT sWir-
deba, saerTod, did prozas. `didostatSi~ is, ufro xSirad, gadazrdilia sarkazmSi, RvarZlian
ironiaSi.
k. gamsaxurdias axasiaTebs aforistuli weris manera. nawarmoebi avsebulia àRmosavluri~
xasiaTis aforizmebiT. xSirad maTi motivirebuli gamoyeneba keTilmoqmedia, zogjer ki aSkara
mentorul iers atarebs. aforizmebis garda, nawarmoebSi mravladaa gabneuli moraliteebi,
igavebi da epigrafebi. xSiria romanSi agreTve bibliuri citatebi, magaliTad: `viTarca surin
iremsa wyaroTa mimarT wyalTasa, egreT surin sulsa Cemsa Sendami~ (fsalmuni. 41-1).
k. gamsaxurdias mxatvrobas axasiaTebs refrenis poeturi gamoyeneba (`vaJkacurad ebrZoda
wiwamuris velze mamali xoxobi Rames~). aseT refrens warmoadgens, magaliTad, farsmanis da-
saxasiaTebeli frazac: àrs kaci Wuri TviTmoZravi _ sulisa xelmwife~. k. gamsaxurdia odnav
Secvlili saxiT iyenebs erT adgils berZeni mwerlis, grigol noselis (IV s) Txzulebidan
`kacisa Sesaqme~: àrs kaci Wuri TviTmoZravi suliTa xelmwife nebasa Tvissa~ (adamiani Tavisu-
fali arsebaa).
***
rogorc mosalodneli iyo, nawarmoebSi farTo adgili ukavia sveticxovelis taZris aR-
werilobas. k. gamsaxurdias ar SeeZlo taZris iseTi farTo panoramis gadmocema, rogoric
aris mocemuli viktor hiugos istoriul romanSi `parizis RvTismSoblis taZari~. es gamow-
veulia imiT, rom`didostatSi~ sveticxoveli TandaTan iRebs Tavis saboloo saxes. mainc erT-
gvari mxatvruli asociaciebi ar SeiZleba ar gamoiwvios sveticxovlis aRweram. igi iseve Sve-
nis Zveli mcxeTis antikur iers, mtkvars da borcvebian reliefs, rogorc notr-dami senis
sanapirosa da parizis mTlian arqiteqturul xasiaTs.
gamsaxurdia iZleva ara marto taZris saerTo konturebisa da detalebis aRweras, is sxva-
dasxva ganaTebasa da SuqCrdilebis TamaSSic gviCvenebs mas; dRis sxvadasxva drois ganaTebas
mosdevs weliwadis droTa Sesaferisi feradovneba, xolo taZris `harmoniiT aRvsili zes-
II nawili
wrafvis~ asaxva Cven gvarwmunebs, rom xuroTmoZRvreba, marTlac, pirveli giganturi wigni
iyo kacobriobisa, romelic Tavisi formebiT uZvelesi droidan dRemde gamoxatavda adamianis
zneobrivsa da sulier wyurvils, adamianis rwmenisa da sulis sasoebis SeuCerebel zeswrafvas.
unazesi siyvaruliTaa aRwerili romanSi sveticxovlis arqiteqturuli motivebi, reli-
efebi, ornamentika Tu saerTod plastikuri genia. 399
***
k. gamsaxurdias peizaJi aris metad xatovani da metaforuli. ara marto landSafturi Ca-
naxatebis gakeTebisas, aramed istoriul-fortifikaciuli, `samxedro~ peizaJebis xatvisas
mwerali did midrekilebas amJRavnebs suraTovnebisadmi. is Zveli xidebi, naxevradmingreuli
qviTkiris simagreebi, cixe-koSkebi, fxovuri godolebi da cixe-burjebi, romlebic avseben
mkiTxvelis warmodgenas Zveli saqarTvelos civilizaciis erT mxareze, damoukideblad ki
ar warmoidginebian, aramed mkvidrad arian Caxatulni qarTul landSaftSi.
k. gamsaxurdias istoriuli romanebis ena mdidaria, feradovani da poeturad xatovani.
ena iZens siZvelis elfers, raTa Seqmnas ara marto istoriuli garemos gancda, aramed xalxis
sulis wvdomis gancdac.
am literaturuli movlenisgan gasarCevia is garemoeba, rom zogjer metyvelebis stili
sagangebod manerul STabeWdilebas axdens. Tu amis mizezTa daZebnas SevudgebiT, is `poeturi
prozis~ poetikis Warb gamoyenebaSic unda veZioT. stilisturi Seferilobis mxriv romanistis
mxatvruli metyveleba Zalze uxvad Seicavs literaturul-dekoratiul elements. am mxriv,
`didostati konstantines marjvena~ ornamentaluri prozis tradiciebsac acocxlebs, rom-
lis damamkvidreblad axal qarTul mwerlobaSi vasil barnovi gvevlineba, xolo ufro adre
is `visramianSi~ da Zvel sasuliero prozaSi iCens Tavs.
saorientacio sakiTxebi
kritikosis azri imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra gzebiT cocxldeba romanSi istoriuli realoba.

saqarTvelos sagareo-politikuri mdgomareoba, urTierToba bizantiasTan.
erovnuli ideis gamoxatuleba romanSi.
arsakiZis swrafva ukvdavebisken; xelovnebis, Semoqmedebis buneba da daniSnuleba.
siyvarulis da Semoqmedebis urTierTmimarTeba arsakiZis cxovrebaSi.
iakobis RmerTTan brZolis siuJetis ganmarteba.
giorgi mefis saxis interpretacia _ am personaJis pozitiuri da negatiuri Tvise-
bebi, misi xasiaTis winaaRmdegobrioba.
giorgi mefis adamianuri tragediis safuZveli, mizezebi.
rogor ganmartavs kritikosi farsman sparsis saxes, ras miiCnevs misi pirovnuli
individualobis mTavar naklad.
Sorenas mxatvruli saxis Tavisebureba.
epikuri da lirikuli elementebi romanSi.
romanis saTavgadasavlo elementebi.
kritikosis azri romanSi fsiqologizmis gamovlenis Sesaxeb.
sveticxovlis xati `didostatis marjvenaSi~.
konstantine gamsaxurdias SemoqmedebiTi xelweris, stilis daxasiaTeba.
davaleba
am gamokvlevis mixedviT dawereT referati _ kompaqturad, SekumSulad gadmoeciT

is, rac yvelaze mniSvnelovania mis SinaarsSi. kritikulad ganixileT da SeafaseT ga-
mokvlevaSi Camoyalibebuli mosazrebebi _ ras eTanxmebiT da ras miiCnevT sakamaTod;
II nawili
Tqveni dakvirvebebiT, TvalsazrisebiT da nawarmoebSi Tqvens mier moZiebuli sailus-

tracio masaliT SeavseT an gaabaTileT avtoris debulebebi.
referatis momzadebisas gamoiyeneT saxelmZRvanelos Sesabamisi danarTi.
`visramiani~ _ sparseli poetis gorganis (XI s) poema; misma qarTulma prozaulma Targmanma (XII s)
400
sagrZnobi gavlena moaxdina qarTuli literaturis ganviTarebaze
kritikuli azri
akaki baqraZe
Tvinierebis uarmyofeli
ZvelberZnul miTologiasa da literaturaSi aris cneba _ hibrisi. igi aRniSnavs urCobas,
daumorCileblobas, ampartavnobas. es ar uyvarT RmerTebs da sjian hibrisiT Sepyrobil ada-
mianebs. es gardauvali da aucilebeli sasjeli ki gamoxatulia cnebiT nemezisi. hibriss uTuod
mosdevs nemezisi anu Surisgeba, samagieros gadaxda.
promeTem moitaca cecxli da miutana adamianebs (hibrisi). es urCobaa uzenaesis mimarT,
rac unda daisajos. promeTes kavkasions miajaWvaven da arwivs miuCenen, romelic titans gul-
RviZls ukortnis (nemezisi).
penTevss ar moswons bakxanaliebi da ebrZvis dionises. dionise afrTxilebs penTevss _
RmerTis winaaRmdeg amxedreba cudad damTavrdebao. hibrisiT Sepyrobili Tebes ymawvili mefe
yurad ar iRebs ukvdavis gafrTxilebas da agrZelebs amboxs. dionise sastikad sjis mzvaobars
_ bakxobiT gondabinduli agava, deda penTevsisa, hklavs Svils.
nimuSebis gamravleba saWiro ar aris, radgan asea yvela miTologiur TqmulebaSi da maT
safuZvelze daweril ZvelberZnul literaturul TxzulebaSi.
Tu RmerTebs ar uyvarT hibrisi, samagierod uaRresad pativs scemen zomierebis, Tvinie-
rebis anu, rogorc Zveli berZeni ityoda, soTrosines amRiarebelT. RmerTebs uyvarT keTil-
gonierni, sZulT ampartavnebi.
es azri nasesxebi aqvs qristianul religiasac. qristianobac gvafrTxilebs _ àra ganscado
ufali RmerTi Seni~ (maTe, 4,7). mogviwodebs _ `nu Zlierobn kacni~ (fsalmuni, 9, 20). aqac zomi-
ereba, morCileba, Tviniereba saTnoebad aris gamocxadebuli: `netar iyvnen glaxakni suliTa,
rameTu maTi ars sasufeveli caTa~ (maTe, 5, 3).
am ideur modelSi erTi winaaRmdegobaa: morCilebas da zomierebas iTxoven isini, vinc
Tavad iyvnen urCni da gorozni. zevsi xom mamamiss, qronoss aumxedrda, xelisufleba waarTva,
TviTon gaxda olimpos mbrZanebeli da RmerTebis mama. qristesac xom pirSi miaxlian gulmo-
suli ebraelebi _ imitom gsjiT, rom `kaci xar Sen da giyofies Tavi Seni RmerT~ (ioane, 10, 33).
maSin rogorRa moviqceT? ori SesaZleblobidan romeli avirCioT _ hibrisi Tu soTrosi-
ne? Cemi azriT, am kiTxvas Rrmaazrovan pasuxs aZlevs konstantine gamsaxurdias `didostatis
marjvena~.
xuroTmoZRvari konstantine arsakiZe hibrisiani kacia. igi eurCeba farsman sparssac, me-
fesac da kaTalikossac.
arsakiZe kiriTxurod muSaobda farsmanTan, roca mefem da kaTalikosma qveynis upirvelesi
taZris sveticxovlis aSeneba daavales.
xuroTmoZRvarTuxucesi amtkicebda: ver SevZlebTo aseTi taZris aSenebas aT weliwadSi...
maSin cixeebis agebac unda SeCerdeso, lodsatyorcnebis da taranebis keTebac...
arc aragvisa da mtkvris SesarTavis ukvarcxlbeko vake vargoda saamSeneblo adgilad.
momaval sveticxovels jvris monasteri, sarkineTisa da zedazenis mTebi gadmoscqerodnen
zevidan.
imasac mixvda arsakiZe, nebiT Tu uneblieT, farsman sparss rom upirispirebdnen: `moxuce-
bul brZenkacs unda Sebmoda mokrZalebuli, Tavmdabali Wabuki, mis qmnilebas unda daeCrdi-
la yvela taZari farsmanis mier agebuli samcxeSi~.
mainc aravis da arafers SeuSinda igi. Seupovrad mohkida xeli taZris Senebas.
aqve ibadeba uzenaesTan metoqeobis survilic. `...qaoss Semoaclis srulyofils, bednieri
Semoqmedi SesZaxebs qmnilebas: iqmenin naTeli!~
es xom uflis sityvebia! arsakiZes eocnebeba maTi gameoreba da gaimeorebs kidec. taZris
kurTxevis dRes, roca igi daWrili Seiyvanes sveticxovelSi, man Cumad, ise, rom aravis gaugo-
II nawili
nia, Caibutbuta _ iqmenin naTeli!

arsakiZem icis, rogori TavdaviwyebiT uyvars mefe giorgi pirvels erisTav kolonkeliZis
asuli Sorena, magram arc amas epueba xuroTmoZRvari. Sorena arsakiZis nandauri Seiqneba. far-
sman sparsma daabezRa mefesTan sveticxovlis avtori. xelmwifem gaikvirva:
401
bakxanaliebi _ Rvinis da Trobis, Tavdaviwyebuli mxiarulebis RmerTis _ dionises dResaswauli
àra mgonia Tavi gamitolos agre rigad mag lazma~.
`gatolebao?~
gaiRima farsmanma.
`mefeebs arc utolebs igi Tavs.
miwisZvris meore dRes Sevuare, avadmyofi megona, Sin ar damxvda fxovs gaqceuli. erTi
suraTi vnaxe mis mier naxati, iakobisa da RmerTis rkinebaa zed gamosaxuli.
Tanac icode, RmerTs melqisedekis Tvalebi aqvs, xolo iakobs _ damxatvelisa~.
marTalia, farsmanma jaSuSis roli ikisra, magram tyuili ar uTqvams.
arsakiZes dReniadag awvalebs fiqri RmerTisa da iakobis brZolaze.
roca erTxel melqisedeki qadagebisas am bibliur ambavs Seexo da mwvalebelni da mkrexelni
dahgmo, àm wuTs ase egona arsakiZes: mas erTs Sesqceroda kaTalikosi, eWvi aReZra mcireodeni,
weRandeli fiqri xom ar Seicnoo am moxucma grZneulebis ZaliT~. marTlac, sul cota xnis win
mSenebare sveticxovels uyurebda arsakiZe da fiqrobda _ àTaseuli wlebi walekaven irgvliv
yovelives. mxolod sveticxoveli darCeba rogorc RmerTTan da sikvdilTan mebrZoli iakobi~.
mere, avadmyofobis Jams, saqmisagan moclilma, daxata arsakiZem RmerTTan morkinali iako-
bi da am suraTSi Sorenamac is dainaxa, rac farsman sparsma: `melqisedek kaTalikoss miugavs am
bebers saxe... xolo iakob Sena ggavs...~
arsakiZis RmerTTan metoqeobis survili imiT dagvirgvinda, rom sikvdilis win ezmana _
`da erkineboda mxatvars grZelwvera moxuci, merme miswvda igi Wrilobian barkals da dauboSa
vrceli barklisai~.
sruli hibrisia. arsakiZis Semoqmedi suli Seipyro hibrisma da amisaTvis isjeba igi. samive
metoqem iZia Suri. farsman sparsma daasmina, mere maxe daugo, mefem mklavis mokveTa brZana,
xolo kaTalikosma ar daicva, eretikosad CaTvala, raki arsakiZem Tavi RmerTTan mebrZol
iakobs Seadara. nemezisi aRsrulda. yvelasagan mitovebuli arsakiZe morielebma dakbines da
igi saSineli tanjviT gardaicvala.
konstantine gamsaxurdias gamoyenebuli aqvs antikuri tragediis modeli. xuroTmoZRvar
arsakiZis cxovreba aris soTrosines uarmyofeli kacis Tavgadasavali. umTavresi is aris, rom
arsakiZe ar nanobs Tavis xvedrs.
soTrosines erTguls ar elis nemezisi da SeuZlia mSvidad galios wuTisofeli. oRond
es aris, verc sveticxovels aaSenebs igi verasdros.
`hibrisis~ da `nemezisis~ arsi da gamoxatulebani berZnul miTologiaSi.

`soTrosines~ ganmarteba.
qristianoba, `hibrisi~ da `soTrosine~.
arsakiZis `hibrisis~ gamovlinebebi.
kritikosis damokidebuleba `hibrisis~ da `soTrosines~ fenomenebisadmi.
davaleba
werilobiTi formiT kompaqturad gadmoeciT statiis Sinaarsi; imsjeleT, damaje-

rebelia Tu ara TqvenTvis avtoris ZiriTadi azri, miiCnevT Tu ara mas sworad.
Tqven ras fiqrobT `hibrisis Sesaxeb~, rogor SeafasebT am movlenas.
II nawili
imsjeleT Temaze _ arsakiZe da qarTuli literaturis sxva `hibrisiani~ gmirebi.
guram kankavas da akaki baqraZis kritikuli gansjis gaTvaliswinebiT dawereT eseebi:

`didostatis marjvenaSi~ warmosaxuli qarTuli sinamdvile;
402 politika, Semoqmedeba da siyvaruli `didostatis marjvenaSi~.
literaturis arsenali
romani bolo saukuneebis literaturis umniSvnelovanesi Janria. mas axasiaTeben rogorc

axali drois eposs. eposi, epiuroba gulisxmobs sinamdvilis aRqmis sifarToves _ romanSi
gamoisaxeba realobis mravalmxrioba, cxovrebiseuli pirobebis da viTarebebis, adamianTa
xasiaTebis da interesebis mravalferovneba. amitom romanisTvis upiratesad niSandoblivia
ganStoebuli siuJeti, romelic sxvadasxva personaJTa beds moicavs. romanis stiqiaa Cveuleb-
rivi, yoveldRiuri cxovrebis proza _ masSi bunebrivad Tanaarsebobs amaRlebuli da mdabali,
seriozuli da komikuri, mniSvnelovani da wvrilmani.
romanis personaJebi ar warmoadgenen Cveulebriv adamianze da mis SesaZleblobebze mkveT-
rad aRmatebul, heroikul arsebebs, Tumca romanis mTavari gmirebi metnaklebad damoukideb-
lebi arian socialuri garemosgan. es mravalwaxnagovani bunebis adamianebi, romelTa nakli
da Rirseba erTmaneTisgan ganuyofelia, garemosTan konfliqtebSi, Sinagan dinamikaSi, Sinagani
cvlilebebis procesSi warmoisaxebian. maTi piradi cxovreba da individualuri bedi mTeli
sazogadoebis mdgomareobas, raobas ireklavs.
romanis Janris erT-erTi nairsaxeobis _ istoriuli romanis warmoSoba romantizms ukav-
Sirdeba da es kanonzomieria _ romantizmma gaamZafra adgilis da drois koloritis grZnoba,
warsulisadmi interesi, erovnuli TviTSegneba. istoriuli romanis fuZemdebelia ingliseli
romantikosi valter skoti (1771-1832; mis istoriul romanTagan yvelaze popularulia àiven-
go~). es Janri sxva romantikosebsac izidavda (magaliTad, viktor hiugos _ `parizis RvTis-
mSoblis taZari~, òTxmocdacameti weli~). qarTul literaturaSi istoriul romans vasil
barnovma daudo saTave (àrmazis msxvreva~, `trfoba wamebuli~...).
istoriuli romanis faseuloba ganisazRvreba warsul epoqaTa Taviseburebis wvdomis siR-
waikiTxoT
rmiT da sizustiT, warsulis mxatvruli gacocxlebis intensiobiT, ZaliT, istoriuli pro-

girCevT
cesis mxatvruli analizis doniT. amave dros istoriuli romani SeiZleba Tanamedroveobis
seriozul problemebs exmaurebodes (asea, magaliTad, lion foixtvangeris romanSi `cru ne-
roni~, romelic politikuri avantiurizmis da avtoritarizmis Temas exeba).
imsjeleT, rogor vlindeba zogadad romanis da kerZod istoriuli romanis Janruli niS-
nebi `didostatis marjvenaSi~.
Tqveni azriT, rogor gardatydeba `didostatis marjvenaSi~ is epoqa, romelSic igi daiwera.
davaleba
moamzadeT proeqti _ `didostatis marjvenis~ leqsikoni.

gaecaniT saxelmZRvanelos Sesabamis danarTs da gamoiyeneT masSi mocemuli rCevebi.
amokribeT romanis teqstidan iSviaTad xmarebuli sityvebi, romelTa gageba siZne-
les warmoadgens;
daajgufeT isini sagnobrivi sferoebis mixedviT (samxedro aRWurviloba, sayofac-
xovrebo nivTebi da sxva);
daakvirdiT maT morfologiur struqturas _ ramdenad iCens aq Tavs raime kanon-
zomiereba;
gansazRvreT, ramdenad iyenebs mwerali Zvel qarTul leqsikas da ramdenad mimar-
Tavs sityvaTqmnadobas;
CamoayalibeT Tqveni mosazrebebi imis Sesaxeb, SesaZlebelia Tu ara amgvari leqsi-
kis gamoyeneba Tanamedrove sasaubro metyvelebaSi da literaturis enaSi;
II nawili
imsjeleT mis mxatvrul funqciaze `didostatis marjvenaSi~;

muSaobisas gamoiyeneT qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikonebi _ erTtomeuli da
rvatomeuli, ilia abulaZis `Zveli qarTuli enis leqsikoni~, Tamar berozaSvilis `qar-
Tuli enis saskolo ganmartebiTi leqsikoni~.
lion foixtvangeri (1884-1958) _ germaneli mwerali

403
niko lorTqifaniZe
mrisxane batoni
fragmenti
levanma xelmeoreT gadaikiTxa

werili. nasiamovnebi darCa. magram
roca Tvalebi werils daaSora, Se-
amCnia, rom dostaqari, sparseli
iusufa, TiTqos miwidan amomZvra-
lao, ukan idga da araCveulebrivis
dakvirvebiT adevnebda Tvals.
batonma werili Seaxvia da iqve
mdgom magidaze daagdo, TiTqos um-
niSvnelo ram ariso.
_ rodis wamodi? _ daekiTxa
Sikriks batoni.
_ am dilas, batono.
_ styui! jer Cven sauzmec ki ar
mogviswria.
_ batoniSvili revazi ar momik-
vdes!
_ vin aris revazi, ras bJuturob, yazaxo! _ mrisxaneT Seutia batonma.
_ Tqveni siZis ufrosi vaJi, batono.
_ vici, magram ojaxis memkvidre daviTia, briyvo! _ revazi pirveli colis xelSi hyavda
batoniSvils paatas, xolo daviTi _ sofios, levanis diswuli iyo. amitom garisxda levani.
amaze metis Tqma ki ver gabeda, radgan Sikrikis Seuracxyofa TviT paatas Seuracxyofa iqneboda.
_ kargi, Sens Tavs ki gamovarTmev batoniSvils da maSin naxav, vin unda gyavdes saficraT!..
Sikriki isev qudmoxdili, TavSiSveli, fexebgadajvaredinebuli idga; ofli RviTqaT mo-
dioda da orTqli oxSivariviT asdioda.
`rac iqneba, RvTis madlia, me ki Cems adaTs ar gadaval, Tu gind SanTiT damwvan~, _ fiqrobda
Sikriki da kidev ufro Tavis daxriT gaacila batoni, romelic Tavis oTaxSi midioda weriliT
xelSi. rogorc ki oTaxSi Sevida, levanma werili buxarSi Seagdo da Semdegi diplomatiuri
ustari daswera:
`q~
ùflisa Cvenisa ieso qristesi, jvarcmulisa da mesamesa dResa zeaRdgomilisa da aTor-
metTa misTa mociqulTa locva da kurTxeva mwyalobels siZes da batoniSvils paatas.
sixaruliTa didiTa SevityveT weriliTa TqvenTagan, rom mobrZandebiT Tqven da siZe Tqve-
ni, afxazeTis mTavris Svili, sanadiroT. sanadiroca da saxlica Cemica Tqvenda fexTa mtvraT
iyos da Tqmulsa mowyalebaze uarobas nuRar ganizraxavT. vinadirebT, viTa fridon, avTandil
da tariel. uTvalav ars aqa iremi da Sveli, daTvi da zogan vefxvic.
geajebi agreTve disa Cemisa wamoyvanebasa, viTarmed da Cemi, patara vardo, mouTmenlaTa
elis Tavis ufros dasa, aRmzrdelsa da sayvarelsa, da dedai Cemi RrmaT moxucda da mudam
evedrebis RmerTsa, raTa eRirsos ukanasknelaT xilva Svilisa da SviliSvilisa.
ServaSiZis SvilisTvis saCuqraT myavs arabulisa jiSisa cxeni sakvirveli, romeli aCuqa
II nawili
sulTanma arzrumis faSas da brZolis dros gatacebul iqmna erevnis xanis mier. igi Semkulia
TviT ServaSiZis winapris naqoni raxtiT, romelic uboZebia pepera CemisTvis guriels.
saxeliTa mamisaTa da ZisaTa da sulisa wmidisaTa, amin!
uRirsi colis Zma,
404 morCili mefisa levan~
...................
_ ra ambavia, zalika?
_ mSvidoba, batono! oRond mTaSi didi Tovli Camowva da ar viciT, rai vqnaT, Sinaur pi-
rutyvs, saqonels qe movuareT RvTisa da Tqvenis wyalobiT. cxenebi, Rorebi, Txa da cxvari
Camovdene; Zveli ar eyo da axali Tavlebi davawnevine; raRac RmerTma hqmna, jer kidev SarSan-
dlidan darCenili Tiva, CenCi da neSo mqonda Senaxuli da vkvebav.
_ aba raRa gawuxebs? yvelaferi kargaT yofila.
_ irmebi Caeflen, batono, TovlSi, maTi ucodveli xeSi matli ar aris. Cemi biWi gaxldaT
da ase sTqva, morcxv WirisufaliviT stiriano.
batoni Cafiqrda.
_ Romi bevri gaqvs?
_ gaxlavT, RvTisa da Tqveni wyaloba.
_ mWadis-mWadi?
_ kidev meti.
_ mainc?
_ xuTi beReli gaxlavT.
_ ici ra, zalika! wadi axlave, Cemi xuTi biWi waiyvane, gzas gagikvleven, Tvara Znelia am
maRal TovlSi gatneva. rac mosaxle da sofeli naxo, yvela gamoiwvie. visac ramdeni Romi da
mWadis-mWadi eqnes, waiReT mTaSi da dauyareT Caflul irmebs.
_ nu gamirisxdebi, batono, es ar marTebs soflebs.
_ ara!.. wesaT ar Semomaqvs, damexmaron. orwilaT dagibrunebT: yvelas vanTavisufleb samis
wliT Romis, mWadis-mWadis da Calis gadasaxadisagan. Tqvens eklesias zara sWirdeba, imasac me
gamogigzavniT.
_ gadRegrZela RmerTma!
_ ramdeni xelosani myavs iq?
_ cxra!
_ memorCilebian?
_ ki… _ da zalika saidumloT SeCerda.
_ daaTave…
_ ver dagimalav, batono, zeda-tyiseli glexebi ar gemorCilebian. Tqvengan nabrZanebi
hqondaT, leCxumisken ar wasuliyven saTareSoT, mara ar ijereben, daZvrebian Cum-CumaT.
_ ratom bedaven, Tu ici?
_ ra mogaxseno, batono! Tqven ufro mixvdebiT, mara Cemi mokle WkuiT ise Sevatyve, rom
Cvengan siSore aimedebs maT da Tqveni biZaSvilic agulianebs. xumroba ki ar aris, ori dRis
savalze arian; naxevari dRis savalze sxva mosaxle ar axlavT, Cveneburi iqiT ZviraT ava, rom
ambavi maTgan gaigo, da aqeT rom Camovlen, aba ras ityvian? ase fiqroben, Tu batoni Zlier
gagviwyra, dadians mivemxrobiTo.
_ imaTTanac gagzavne kaci da Cemi brZaneba SeuTvale.
_ batono, ase uecraT nu inebebT, mTlad ar gadagvidgen.
_ es Cemi saqmea. gaswi, nu igvianeb. ho, Cemi biZaSvili1 sad aris axla?
_ leCxumSia dedasTan.
_ mere cixe mitovebuli aqvs?
_ ZiZiSvili hyavs datovebuli; mas ar Camouvardeba vaJkacobaSi, cixeSi asamde meomaria.
_ Tan ramdeni waiyvana?
namdvili ar vici, mosazRvreebma miTxres, cxenis kvalze, ase, samoci-oTxmoci kaci unda
hyavdeso. asec iqneba, _ mTlad misi jari orasi kacisagan Sesdgeboda. Soreuli soflebi axlos
II nawili
gadmoasaxla, _ cixidan wirvis gamosvlamdis SeuZlia miexmaros, sadac saWiroeba moiTxovs.
1
Tanabar xarisxis mqones, winad CvenSiac, ise rogorc evropaSi, biZaSvils (kuzens) uZaxdnen (avt.
SeniSvna)
neSo _ Camocvenili foTlebi
405
levanma dawvrilebiT gaigo Zmiswulis mdgomareoba ise, sxvaTa Soris, TiTqos ambavi mis-
Tvis umniSvnelo yofiliyos; TviT mTis mouravic ise elaparakeboda, TiTqos sityvas mohyvao.
.......................................
daniSnul dros batoniSvili paata, afxazeTis mTavris Svili da levani Seiyaren. paatas
Tvisi meuRlec, levanis dac, moeyvana. `Tavis saxls~ mosuli qali dam da dedam gulmxurvaleT
miikres mkerdze da cremlnarev RimilSi hkocniden erTmaneTs. uxarodaT, rom am areul dros
yvela mSvidobiT imyofeboda da erTmaneTs mxiarulaT Sexvden.
TviTon levani ver iyo gunebaze: dapirebul samasi kacis magier am or didebuls sul asi
kaci axlda da isic ufro fareSebi, bazierebi, xanjliTa da SubiT SeiaraRebuli.
afxazeTis mTavris Svili da paata Tavs imarTlebden, Zlier mogviCqare da am TovlSi cxe-
nosnebi ver wamoviyvaneTo.
levani axla kidev ufro cdilobda saidumlo molaparakeba nadirobaT gadaeqcia.
mosvlis mesame dResve mTeli es auarebeli xalxi, levanis spa-jariT Sevsebuli, mTisken
gaemarTa.
jer kidev Tovli idva. rac ufro mTas uaxlovdeboden, Tovli ufro da ufro maRali iyo.
cxenebi ifleboden TovlSi. bolos Camoxten, cxenebi ukanve gaabrunes da TxilamurebiT Se-
udgen maRal mTas.
tye sruliaT dafaruli iyo TovliT, mxoloT alag-alag patara buCqebaT mosCanda aswlo-
vani wifelis, muxis, wablis da cacxvis wverebi.
aqa-iq Sexvdnen monadireebi TovlSi amoTxril ormoebs, romelSiac irmebi iyven, Zlier
gamxdari, mowyenili, da Zlivs akarebden pirs godrebSi Cayril Romsa da mWadis-mWads.
gadawyvetili hqondaT Svelisa da irmisaTvis xeli ar exloT.
levani yvelaze win midioda.
uecraT ZaRlma Tovlis fxokna daiwyo.
levani daaCerda.
_ aq kacis nakvalevia, adamiani ar iyos Sig Cafluli! aba, labaSa, eci! aa, labaSa!
ZaRli ufro da ufro fxoknida Tovls. jer gamoCnda godori, mere gatyavebuli irmis
rqebmoxsnili Tavi, fexebi…
_ xelosano, aq vin uyrida Roms irmebs?
_ zeda-tyiselebi!..
_ sadaa maTi mamasaxlisi?
_ aq var, batono, _ fermkrTali vaJkaci win wamodga.
_ es raa?
_ nu Semrisxav, iremi koWli iyo da brutiani… daZabunda da…
_ Tqvi, vin dakla iremi?
_ Cemma Svilma.
_ momgvare axlave.
_ ar varT damnaSave, batono, briyvobiT mouvida, ar icoda, Tu gewyineboda.
_ nu sulelob! Sen dakali, biWo, iremi?
_ me, batono.
ymawvili biWi simaRliT aTi adli iqneboda; Sesaferi mxar-beWi hqonda; srul Coxas etyo-
boda, Tu ra devgmiris tans hfaravda.
_ eqimbaSo, amas cota Tvali stkiva da mourCine.
eqimbaSi sakvirveli RimiliT miuaxlovda ymawvils, marcxena Tvalis upe Camoswia da… xaris
odena Savi Tvali TeTraT gadmotrialda.
II nawili
amodena vaJkaci uxmoT daeca Tovlze.

_ iremi koWlic iyo, eqimbaSo… _ brZana isev levanma.
eqimma odnav Caswia paiWi, sacveTidan amoaZro Salvari da sacvali, gamoaCina titveli, kaJ-
saviT magari muxlebi da TeTr Tovlze CqefiT daiwyo dena sisxlma.
406 bazieri _ sanadiro frinvelebis damgeSveli
_ mamasaxliso, axla wadi da Tqvenebs uTxari, batoni levani mowyalea, magram misi survilis
winaaRmdeg Tu vinmem sakuTari wamwami Searxia, urCevnia TviTonve daiTxaros orive Tvali.
nadiroba gaugemurda.
TviT afxazeTis maTvris Svili, romelic TxebiviT hyidda osmaleTis bazarze tyveebs da
sakuTar ymebs, SeZrwunda.
damfrTxali biWebi, monadireebi darboden aqeT-iqiT.
rogorc ki erTi daTvi mohkles, ukanve dabruneba arCies.
ServaSiZe mxoloT meore dRes movida gunebaze. levans surda stumrebi male moeSorebina
Tavidan, mTeli nadiroba mxoloT seirnobaT daesaxa da amitom diliTve gamoayvanina sameji-
nibodan raxtiT Sekazmuli arabuli cxeni.
paatas ki moarTves oqroSi amovlebuli cxra vercxlis langeri, sami sevadiT moWedili
xonCa da cxra vercxlis sufra-yasumi. danarCen stumrebs vis dambaCa ergo, vis oqros sapir-
wamle, vis sura, kula. ukanaskneli fareSic ar darCenila dausaCuqrebeli.
yvela mixvda, rom levani ukmayofilo iyo, magram siamaye nebas ar aZlevda ucxo didebuli
stumrebi cudis saCuqrebiT gaestumrebia.
wasvla stumrebma meore dRisaTvis gadaswyvites.
roca saRamos, navaxSmevs, stumrebi da maspinZlebi gayras apirebden, afxazeTis mTavris
Svilma SeaCera levani:
_ ganSorebamdi cotaRa dro darCa. Cemi survilia am saqmeSi Cems colisZmas vasiamovno,
Tqveni guli movigo da rogorc kacTa wesia, gulaxdilaT vambob, CemTvisac sargebloba gamo-
vitano. axla yovelive gamJRavnebulia. vin daijerebs, rom am usaSvelo zamTarSi daTvze sana-
diroT movedi me afxazeTidan da paata ki mxoloT imitom wamobrZanda, rom colouri moena-
xulebina.
levanma, raki Seatyo, aq aRaraferi gamovao, mTeli mizani iuara. paatas xumrobaSi raRac
uTxari SarSan, Torem araviTari gadaWrili da gadawyvetili ara mqoniao.
stumrebmac aRar dauJines da meore dRes dilas abargden. samudamoT Zmoba da daxmareba
Sehfices erTmaneTs da gaSorden.
mxoloT paatas meuRle vaJiSviliTurT darCa deduleTs gazafxulamdi.
paatam dastova agreTve Sikriki, romelic winaT iTxova levanma. didxans uarobda, magram
colma daarwmuna _ levans im biWis CuqebasaviT araferi iamebao.
Sikriki iseTis saSinelis wamebiT mohkles, rom paatas ymaTa Soris xma gavarda, vinc revazs
daificebs, miemxroba, mouvlis, mas batoni jojoxeTSi cocxlaT hgzavniso.
........................................
`q~
àngelozTa gunds, wminda giorgis ver movixmob, biZaCemo, Senda mfarvelad. wyeva-krulva
ki laCarT wesia. saTno ieso iyos Cven Soris msajuli da mogikiTxos ufalma, yovlis mecnierma,
rac CemTvis ziani da vaeba mogeyenebinos.
ar geyo, rom mamaCems, Sens Zmas, risxva mefisa Tavs moavline, mefis brZanebiT Cahkali da
axlac ucnob adgils gdia. deda zafraze gadamecvala. rac moZravi, TeTri, Tu samkauli mqonda,
waiRe. Tu Segargebs, Segargos RmerTma. axla ki im samis soflidanac mipirob gandevnas, rome-
lic damrCa.
mogiwvevia afxazeTisa mTavris Svili da odiSis mTavarTan Zlier daaxloebuli paata ba-
toniSvili, biZa mTavrisa. dedis windaxeduloiT am TaTbirisaTvis nadiroba dagirqmevia da
sawyali udanaSaulo biWi giwamebia, rogorc yizilbaSebic ki ar awamebden qristian kacs, vi-
II nawili
Tomcda ganrisxebuli iyavi sanadiro adgilebis cudaT SenaxviT.

ymawvili var, unda vCqarobde azrovnebaSi, magram siCqare Senis gaumaZRrobisa adinjebs
gonebasa Cemsa da maCvenebs gzasa namdvilsa.
sevada _ Savi feris nivTiereba, romelsac iyeneben oqro-vercxlis nakeTobebze saxeebis gamosayvanad
407
gsurda afxazebisa da odiSelTa daxmarebiT sruliad amogewyvita Seni gveliviT samZul-
vari Zmiswuli da misi Svili, magram amaoT. Cemi Svili gelovanebSia da Seni xeli ver miswvdeba.
me rom momklan, Sen mainc araferi dagrCeba: Cemi patara Zma oseTSi myavs damaluli; meore
kaxeTis mefes axlavs. yvelgan ver miswvdeba belzebelis xeli, an Sen risTvis ixveW udanaSaulo
sisxliT saunjesa. RmerTma ar isurva Tesli borotisa gamravlebul yofiliyo da xar uZeo.
qalic ki ver sZlebs SenTan welsa umetes samisa da TviT moaxleebSic, gamigia Seni garyvnilebac,
gyavs Turme STamoeba usulo.
werili Cemi ar imoqmedebs Senze. vici ese. visac Zmis, Zmiswulis siyvaruli nakleb aqvs
mxecisa, viTarmed Seignos man sityva adamianisa.
gwer werils amas, raTa uwyode, rom mze anaTebs TviT ufskrulsa da saidumloni Senni
cxad arian.
cdilob ukuRmarTsa, magram ufali mianiWebs Cems fridons amdenis usjuloebiT monaxveWsa
Sensa.
mtraT sazizRars, naTesavaT iudas ugzavnis am werils Zmis mkvlels Zmiswuli
vaxtangi~.
levanma werili waikiTxa. gasca brZaneba momtani daeWiraT. mdevari gaeqana. axla maT mosvlas
ucdida da didaT Cafiqrebuli iyo.
moagonda levans Zma. orive TiTqmis erT dros wavidnen pirvelaT saomraT. gadaefara um-
crosi Zma levans, roca mtris moqneuli xmali Suaze gapobas uqadda. TviT daiWra gansvenebuli.
levanic mZimeT daiWra TavSi, magram mas xmlis mxoloT Sua tani mohxvda. ra daemarTeboda
levans, xmlis wveri rom moxvdomoda. araTu STamomavali, TviTonac ar iqneboda.
ra TavaziT epyroboda umcrosi Zma. gayofisas mzamzareuli saukeTeso cixe, mis fardSi
moxvedrili, dauTmo, TviTon ki axal cixes mihyo xeli. ra sixaruliT gahyva jvris weraSi, ra
sasoebiT uvlida Zmas, roca sxvebTan erTad mowamla sulTanis elCma, romelsac winaaRudga
levani. rogor stiroda, roca levans pirveli coli moukvda. rogor mirCevda meore colis
SerTvas, STamomavloba ar dagekargoso. me ki riT gadauxade? tyuilia, viTom mefesTan me da-
vabezRe, magram Svela xom SemeZlo… eh…
magram es gesliani uSvilobas raT maqadis? pirimzisas, lomisaxars xom hyavT, magram xei-
riani Tu vinme moviyvane, TiTqos gangeb gaberwdebian...
tyis-pirelni didxans fiqrobden, Tu rogor gadaexadaT samagiero mrisxane levanisTvis.

gansakuTrebiT ar scxreboda mkacraT dasjilis colisZma. umravlesoba daSinebuli iyo da ar
ahyva Tavgadadebuls, magram ukanasknelma mainc miimxro samiode kaci da odiSis mTavarTan
wavida.
saCuqraT, sxva rom veraferi iSoves, asi irmis rqa wauRes, Zu daTvi misi belebiT da erTi
saucxovo sapirwamle, spilos Zvalze minanqariT amoWrili.
mTavarma pativiT miiRo yvelani, daasaCuqra didebulaT.
_ ra gnebavT? _ hkiTxa mTavarma mosulT. _ tyuila ar gairjebodiT am muSaobis dros.
_ Seni wyaloba, batono, meti araferi…
_ mainc, TqviT.
_ migviRe, batono, Seni kalTis qveS. samoci mosaxle varT, verafers mogarTmevT _ Tavs
Zlivs virCenT nanadireviT; naxevarjer mWadi ara gvaqvs da Romi. magram sazRvarze geyolebiT
mcvelaT; gaWirvebis dros samoci kaci gamovalT Cvenis xarjiTa da Cvenis iaraRiT.
_ Tqveni batoni gana levani ar aris?
_ gaxlavT, batono, da mas gavurbiT. adaTi ar Segvisrula, tyis nadirs Cven gvarCeninebs.
II nawili
kaci mogvikla, mtris Tvals ar Seexedeboda.

mTavars iama winadadeba. cxeniswylis gaRma erTi soflis xelSi Cagdeba, erTguli, Tavis-
TavaT mondobili meomrebis yola, vin icis, ras uqadda momavalSi. mTavari ukve mzaT iyo da-
Tanxmebuliyo. moxerxebuli batoniSvili paata ki sxvafriv fiqrobda. man saCqaroT mimarTa
mociqulebs:
408
_ didi mTavari moifiqrebs. dRes sadili aq miirTviT da nasadilevs gibrZanebs pasuxs.
mociqulebma mZimeT daukres Tavi mTavars da waviden isev sastumroSi.
_ Sen raRac gindoda geTqva, sanam Cems gadawyvetilebas vetyode mociqulebs. sTqvi.
_ Sors sWvret, mTavaro! Sen gsurs imereTis mefis winaaRmdeg moigo guli tyis-pirelebisa.
Zvirfasia mtris miwaze megobari gyavdes. magram ormoc ojaxs gavelurebuli glexebisas mo-
vigebT, levans ki gadavimterebT. axla qveyana ireva. sparseTi osmaleTs upirebs Sebmas. axla
vin vis miemxroba, vin vis umtrobs, vin icis. levani Zlieria, igi Cvensa da imereTs Sua sdgas.
vin icis, roca imereTis mefe mterTagan iZleva, iqneba TviT levani gadmovibiroT da morCileba
Sen gamogicxados. imereTis gvirgvini ar agcdeba.
_ Soreuls iTvaliswineb, paata, axlomyofs ki ar iReb mxedvelobaSi.
_ ratom, mTavaro? imereTis mefes usaTuoT sZlevs osmaleTis sulTani. levans ki mxoloT
mefe hyavs mfarveli da damxmare. mis Zmiswulebs didi naTesaoba hyavT da Zlieri vaJkacebi
arian. ioseliani da avaliani ar emorCilebian. aseTs mdgomareobaSi vis unda mimarTos levanma,
sad unda wavides, roca aznaurebi aujanydebian? leCxumidan Zmiswulebi gadmovlen da mova-
leebi TamasuqebiT miadgebian. sxva rom araferi, CvenTan Semoaxiznebs Tavs da erTi moxerxe-
buli, mxne, saxelganTqmuli levani Rirs am areulobis, omis dros aTas meomraT.
_ levani mainc ukmayofiloa Cvenze. axla gaigebs, rom misi ymebi, morCilebis gamosacxa-
deblaT mosulni, Cven kargaT miviReT da Zneli iqneba misi gulis mobruneba.
_ amasac eSveleba, mTavaro, samive SevkraT da levans gavugzavnoT.
_ ras ambob, paata? stumraT mosuli xalxi davatyvevoT da Cvenve gavugzavnoT maT mters
satanjavaT?! levanis mexarke xom ar SevqmnilvarT?!
_ Se dalocvilo, ra dros stumarTmoyvareobaze da ampartavnobazea laparaki, roca war-
Rvnis dro modis da, erTis mxriT, gvirgvini gelis da meores mxriT ki _ facxa Cagolas klde-
RreSi? axla TasmasaviT unda gadavyveT da gadmovyveT cxovrebis talRebs.
_ Seni codva iyos, paata…
_ Cemze iyos, mTavaro! darwmundi, Tu gixelTes, eg tyispirelni uaressac ar dagarideben!..
...........................................
`q~
`saxeliTa RvTisaTa mTavari odiSisa batons levans salams uTvlis. sxva, CvenTan movida
ZRvniT sami kaci, Seni ymebi. saxeli Tvisi ar ganacxades. roca davasaCuqreT da wasvlas apireb-
den, mfarveloba gvTxoves Sengan. Cven es ar vinebeT da gigzavniT xelfexSekruls samives,
maTisve ZRvniTa da saCuqrebiT. erTi daTvis beli daitova dedofalma da Tanamecxedresa Tqven-
sa vTxovT urvasa da Sendobas. dedofali mis magier ugzavnis saucxovosa frinvelsa _ cicarsa.
mTavari odiSisa giorgi.
morCili RvTisa~.
............................................
mTavris jariskacebs tyveebi mihyavdaT. gzaze SemoxvdaT ori cxenosani da oTxi qveiTi.
_ gamarjoba Tqveni, _ daiZaxa ymawvilma, romelsac wver-ulvaSi odnav eqinqleboda.
niSnaT pativiscemisa darajebi cxenebidan Camoxten da zrdilobiT upasuxes mxedars:
_ RmerTma gagimarjos!
ymawvilis mxlebelic Camoxta.
_ vin xarT?
_ mTavarma gagvatana es sami kaci baton levanTan.
mxedarma dawvrilebiT gamokiTxa ambavi, zogi ram TviT moisazra. erTi gadmoiZaxa: gza
mSvidobisa gqondeTo, da hkra cxens qusli.
_ beJana! _ cota xnis Semdeg moubrunda ymawvili mxlebels.
II nawili
_ batono, Seni Wirime!

_ mTavarTan nuRar mivdivarT! iq daxmarebas ver viSoviT!
_ aba davbrundeT.
_ arc magi varga.
_ aba?
409
_ Tavs davuaroT…
_ risTvis?
_ tyveebi gavaTavisufloT…
_ biWo?
_ ki, batono, tyis-pirelebi mfarvelobas eZeben, Cven Tu mivexmarebiT, ar daaviwydebaT,
gamogvadgebian.
_ mTavris ganrisxebaT ar Rirs…
_ axla Sen ggonia mTavari Zalian Tavs itexs tyis-pirelebi levans eyoleba sakanSi, Tu
jixvze inadireben SvildisriT… Tavisi moimoqmeda mTavarma; levans asiamovna. sxva cecxls
dauwvavs da mewyers wauRia, _ ase fiqrobs usaTuoT. iqneb kidev iamos, radgan, Tu tyis-pirelebi
uvneblaT darCen, imdens mtrobas aRar Caideben gulSi mTavris winaaRmdeg.
_ mere, rava ginda gaaTavisuflo tyveebi, oci kaci axlavT Tofebiani…
_ esaa sworeT ukeTesi… Cven arc ki gamovCndebiT. Cveni eqvTimia ise Seipareba banakSi, rom
damfrTxali yurdgelic ki ver SeamCnevs. tyveebs gauWris Tokebs, axsnis, Tu romelimes jaWvi
aqvs, da mere ravac undaT, ise qmnan. aqauri gza qe ician…
_ Zalianac minda biZaCems erTi vasiamovno, _ bavSuris JinianobiT wamoiZaxa ymawvilma.
eqvTimias saxifaTo saqme miandes, gamoawyves da gauSves.
_ Cven gza-boZalSi dagicdiT. WkuiT iyavi, ar aCqarde. SeneburaT gangeb ar gaaZnelo saqme,
_ eubneboda beJani.
_ aba, ras brZaneb, batono!.. Tvalidan bewvs amovacli mag megrelebs… Sin rom mivlen, dai-
qadon!..
eqTimia Zlier nasiamovnebi darCa, rom aseTi Zneli saqme miandves.
.........................................
dila iyo cvariani. mze karga maRla amosuliyo. gza-boZalis axlos tyeSi maRlobze ijda
ymawvili. yvels, purs da Rvinos Seeqceoda.
_ daigviana im eSmakis kerZma, _ gulmosuli burtyulobda beJana, _ raRacas izamda iseTs…
_ moica, Se kaco, sulwasuli nu xar! _ amSvidebda axalgazrda.
am dros gaigones gzaze momavalTa arxeini simRera.
_ Cveni biWi ar iyos, Cairbine erTi, vardena! _ miubrunda beJana iqve mejinibes, romelic
leRvis neSoTi cxens aurvebda.
male xma Sewyda da amoRmarTSi gamoCnda eqvTimia da sami ucnobi biWi.
_ gamarjoba Tqveni! _ misca ymawvilma salami.
_ RmerTma gaumarjos, dRe grZeli misces vaxtangs! _ miaZaxa oTxivem.
_ aba, amaT patara saWmeli mieci, beJana, da mere gamovkiTxoT ambavi.
_ ra gaRrialebda, biWo, am gzaSi, _ gauwyra beJana eqvTimias.
_ Se dalocvilo, rom ar gvemRera, xom avcdebodiT erTmaneTs.
_ mere amden xans sad daikarge? _ kidev ufro brazobda moxuci.
_ ratom, beJan batono, da, _ eqvTimiam xmas dauklo, TiTqmis fuCunobda, _ eqvsi Tofi
movipare, erTi sapiriswamle da ori dambaCa, Tof-iaraRi an xelSi eWiraT, an Tavqve hqondaT
da sanam ostaturaT gamovaZrobdi, gevida dro. mere eseni yvela moviyvane. axlac cudi biWi
var? sapiriswamle da dambaCa, a, batons miarTvi… Tofebi ki, rom gaTenda, xis RruSi SevinaxeT.
beJanma amaze veraferi upasuxa.
..........................................
tyveobisagan gadarCenilebma, Sin rom dabrunden, dawvrilebiT mouyven TavisianT, rac
gadahxdaT. xalxi gaxarebuli, aRelvebuli da gancvifrebuli iyo.
yofil tyveebis dedebi, colebi mfarvel angelozs uZaxden vaxtangs. vaJebi morCilebas
ucxadebden. pativsacemlaT didi nadimi gadaixades. jamebiT sves arayi. Rame daTvebis tyavebi
II nawili
gaages ezoSi; unagiris baliSebi sasTumlaT dasdes; nabdebi gadixures da yvelam miiZina.
dilaadrianaT moxucni, Tavi kacebi Seiyaren. kreba ki ar yofila daniSnuli gamiznul sagan-
ze mosalaparakeblaT, ise Sexvden erTmaneTs erTis grZnobiT, erTis tkiviliT Sewuxebulni.
410 gza-boZali _ gzajvaredini.

_ axla ra vqnaT? _ kiTxulobda erTi.
_ ra unda vqnaT?
_ mivendoT vaxtangs!..
_ miende, mara levanisagan dagvifaravs?
_ axla levans cxenosani lekebi mosvlia. sul Tof-iaraRSi arian Camjdari. CvensaviT ki ar
arian najaxisa da Svildisris amara.
_ mTavarma xom uari gviTxra?
_ gelovans gaugzavnoT mociqulebi…
_ uars gvetyvian, vaxtangis naTesaobas ar gastexen.
_ aba ra?
_ isev levani movalboT.
_ isev levani SevijeroT.
_ ranairaT?
_ Znelia.
yvela sagonebels Cavarda.
_ miugzavnoT mociqulebi.
_ tyuilia, ar dagvindobs.
_ rac iqneba, iqnes.
_ ras ambob, amogvwyvets dedaboZianaT!
_ mivarTvaT Zevali.
_ me ar waval, Zmao, da vinc gindaT is gagzavneT, erTi Cemi warbis Sexra an Coxis kalTa ar
moewoneba da Tavs gamagdebinebs.
_ vaxtangi mivgvaroT!..
_ ras ambob, Svili gadamirCina!
_ Svili gadagirCina, Tvara Senis codviT iwveboda da imitom! Cvens daxmarebas eloda!
_ gadagvarCina imitom, rom monebaT unda veyoloT samaradisoT.
_ biWo, stumarTmoyvareobas ras eubnebi?
_ mTavari aRarafraT agdebs stumars da mefe; Sen visi tiki-tomara gamoCndi!
_ roca ginda, stumars Zalian afaseb da xandaxan ki erTi xanjlisTvis sWri kisers.
_ ravac ginda, xalxo!..
_ waviyvanoT vaxtangi, mivarTvaT levans, SevficoT: dReidan Seni yma viqnebiT-Tqo. vax-
tangis eSinia levans. Tu mas xelSi CavugdebT, yvelafers gvapatiebs; ise ki darbevas ver gadav-
rCebiT; caSi rom avideT, iq dagvfleTs qorebiT!
_ waviyvanoT, madlia!
am laparakze axalgazrdobac Seikriba. yofili tyveebic Caerien. bevri ukmayofilo iyo,
magram ufrosebis winaaRmdeg mxoloT aqa-iq ismoda xma.
_ Cu, Seni saqme ar aris. SenTvis axla ar avaklebinebT sofels.
mxleblebi gaityues. vaxtangi marto darCa. ymawvili mixvda, Tu igrZno, rac xdeboda:
_ miRalateT, xalxo?
_ Sen xels ar gaxlebT, batono, Tu arc Sen inebeb winaaRmdegobas. ase, rogorc brZandebi,
wagiyvanT… Tavs nu Segvarcxvenineb…
_ vici, kargi!
_ sityva mogveci.
_ biWebs ra uqeniT?
_ Sekruli arian.
II nawili
_ maS, sad wamiyvanT?

_ levanTan.
_ es xom sul erTia, rom momklaT.
_ ar mogklavs. icis, rom Seni mokvla iafaT ar daujdeba. Sen ZevlaT eyolebi… vin icis ra
411
moxdeba?!
_ kargi kargisTvis vis uqnia? madli aqvs RmerTs? biWebi mainc gauSviT. levani imaT miyvanas
yuradRebasac ar miaqcevs, me ki am beWeds mogcemT. RmerTs SeswireT, codvas moinaniebT.
_ kargi, batono.
vaxtangma iaraRi dayara da beWedi TiTidan waiZro.
biWebi gaanTavisufles.
_ wadi, Cems Svils mouare. sadac ara sjobs, gacla sjobs, Cemo beJana.
_ ra TvaliT mivide qalbatonTan? miqeni wyaloba, Tan wamiyvane.
_ ara, iq ufro saWiro xar. me RmerTi damifaravs.
eqvTimia tiroda xmamaRla.
_ nu damiwye aq zari! _ hkra viRamac mujluguni patara biWs.
_ zari mouvida da zanzali Tqvens kacobas! _ daiyvira bavSma.
..............................................
levans diliT eaxlen mTavris xelcarieli jariskacebi, miarTves werili da auwyes, rogor
gaeqcaT tyveebi.
cud gunebazea batoni, _ TrToden sasaxleSi mcxovrebni.
..............................................
WiSkars moadga asiode qveiTi da erTi cxenosani.
mecixovnem adreve Seatyobina levans, uiaraRo xalxi, tyispirelni unda iyvnen da gviax-
lovdebiano.
_ SemouSviT!
Camoviden ezoSi. vaxtangi win daiyenes da levans miuaxlovden.
_ Segvinde! nu gagvwyvet! ori biWi gabriyvda. Cven arafer SuaSi varT, _ yviroda xalxi, _
vaxtangi mogiyvaneT magieraT. stumaric ar davzogeT SenTvis.
_ ase iciT: saqmes waaxdens regveni, faTeraks daabralebso. magram momitevebia TqvenTvis.
awi erTgulaT iyaviT. mec ar dagaklebT wyalobas. madlobeli var, rom vaxtangi stumraT mo-
miyvaneT. axla gaswiT Tqven-Tqven saxlSi. mzaT iyaviT, didi omebi mogvelis. rom daviZaxeb,
qudze kaci gamodiT. risxvac vici da wyalobac.
_ ki, batono, yvela, yvela gamovalT!
_ xval Cemi kacebi wamovlen da saqonels Camogiyvanen saCuqraT: rasac gazrdiT, naxevari
Tqven da naxevari me. oc xanjals gamovgzavni, aT lekurs. mouareT. Tu kargaT memsaxurebiT,
mere Tofebsac mogcemT.
_ gvidRegrZelos RmerTma Seni Tavi. sulgrZeli xar, sulmnaTi dagadgeba Tavs! _ yviroden
qalebi da kacebi.
levani dacinviT gahyurebda mxiarulaT mimavals xalxs. vaxtangi uxmoT idga.
_ es ki sakanSi waiyvaneT, biWebo! _ brZana levanma...
1912
rogor warmogidgeniaT nawarmoebSi naCvenebi epoqis miaxloebiTi qronologiuri

sazRvrebi; pasuxi daasabuTeT.
rogor warmoCndeba feodalTa urTierTobis garegnuli saxe da Sinagani raoba le-
vanis Canafiqris fonze.
II nawili
romel epizodebSi, detalebSi ixateba da rogor levanis xasiaTi, buneba yvelaze

mkafiod.
daaxasiaTeT levanis da misi mokavSireebis epistoleebis stili, erTi mxriv, da
Txrobis, personaJTa zepiri metyvelebis stili, meore mxriv; gansazRvreT maTi gan-
412
sxvavebis azri, mniSvneloba.
Tqveni azriT, rogoria levanis da mis mokavSireTa damokidebuleba religiisadmi.
imsjeleT levanisadmi miweril vaxtangis werilze _ rogor ikveTeba masSi am urTi-
erTdapirispirebuli personaJebis raoba.
tyispirelebi dadianis karze _ rogor warmoaCens Sesabamisi epizodi sinamdvilis
elitiseul aRqmas, elitis zneobriv saxes.
imsjeleT tyispirelTa da vaxtangis urTierTobaze _ rogoria TviTeuli mxaris
morali; gaaanalizeT maTi qcevis ganmapirobebeli motivebi.
ganixileT vaxtangis xvedri rogorc sazogadoebis moraluri mdgomareobis gamo-
xatuleba.
niko lorTqifaniZis moTxrobis mixedviT imsjeleT saqarTvelos dasustebis da
dacemis mizezebze.
SeadareT erTmaneTs `mrisxane batoni~ da `didostatis marjvena~ _ saqarTvelos
ori mxatvruli suraTi.
citata
simon Ciqovani
`mrisxane batonis~ da `JamTa siavis~ Tavfurcelze aRniSnulia, rom eseni araistoriuli
moTxrobebia. am SeniSvnas mwerlisTvis uaRresad principuli mniSvneloba hqonda. igi mkiT-
xvels amcnobda, rom avtori Zvel matianeSi aRwerili romelime namdvili SemTxvevis belet-
rizacias ar axdenda. igi ar qmnida uSualod raime istoriul qronikaze aSenebul nawarmoebs,
aramed saqarTvelos istoriis ramdenime monakveTidan miRebul STabeWdilebas asaxavda da
maSindeli istoriuli sinamdvilis saerTo elferis aRdgenas cdilobda.
TiTqos avtoris mTavari amocana iyo istoriuli warsulisaTvis adrindeli SemarTeba,
garegnuli pewi da Soreulobis maCvenebeli poza moeSorebina, misTvis saSinao ieri mieca.
mwerals warsulis gamdabiureba da SemoCveva undoda. igi TiTqos Tavad momswre iyo sakuTar
moTxrobebSi aRwerili istoriuli SemTxvevebisa da amitom yvelaferi Cveulebrivi da advi-
lad misawvdomi eCveneboda, yvelafers paTetikurobas ukargavda~.
rogoria, Tqveni xedviT, niko lorTqifaniZis moTxrobaSi mxatvrulad aRdgenili isto-

riis `saerTo elferi~.
konkretulad ra _ romeli epizodebi, suraTebi, saxeebi, mxatvruli Taviseburebani _
Seesatyviseba `mrisxane batonSi~ aq gamokveTil Tvalsazriss istoriis gansaxierebis niko
lorTqifaniZiseuli meTodis Sesaxeb.
komentari
gamudmebul sastik Semotevebs, romlebsac saqarTvelo ganicdida meTormete saukunis

Semdeg, adamianTa msxverplis da kulturis ngrevis garda sxva sabediswero Sedegic mosdevda
_ saxelmwifoebrivi struqturis da wesrigis, kanonierebis moryeva, anarqiuli tendenciebis
mZlavroba. roca saxelmwifo, kanoniereba da samarTali myifea, xdeba Zalauflebis ganawileba
Zlieri individebis mier, romlebic TviTon aweseben Tavisi piraduli interesebis Sesatyvis
`kanonebs~; sazogadoebis cxovrebaSi mkvidrad ikidebs fexs mZafri egoizmi da TviTneboba.
eqstremalur istoriul viTarebebSi ganuwyvetliv cxovrebam, ganadgurebis sistematurma
II nawili
safrTxem metad gaamwvava individualuri TviTSenarCunebis, TviTgadarCenisken ltolva, rome-

lic advilad SesaZlebelia sxvaTa xarjze, zneobrivi Rirebulebebis daTmobis fasadac xorci-
eldebodes.
miusadageT komentarSi mocemuli msjeloba `mrisxane batonSi~ warmosaxul konkretul

413
situaciebs.
oTar WilaZe
yovelman Cemman mpovnelman

fragmenti
uruqSi rom Camovida, safeTqlebi ukve TeTrad

hqonda Sefifquli. icoda, samSobloSi brundeboda,
magram imdeni xnis wamosuli iyo iqidan, Tanac iseT asak-
Si, egona _ Soreulsa da ucxo qveyanaSi agzavnidnen iZu-
lebiT. srulebiTac araa gasakviri, ase rom egona. jer
erTi _ samSobloSi axlobeli aravin eguleboda, cudis
meti araferi axsovda misgan da, bunebrivia, arc araso-
des monatrebia igi; meorec erTi _ marTla iZulebuli
iyo, isev Sebrunebuliyo warsulSi, romelsac amdeni
xani Segnebulad gaurboda. gana iZuleba araa, roca kacs
arCevis ufleba aRara aqvs da imas ki ar akeTebs, rac un-
da, aramed imas _ razedac xeli miuwvdeba? esec misi dawyevlili bedis wyaloba gaxldaT, beds
undoda ase, bedma mouwyo, rom memkvidreobiT miRebuli saxli maincdamainc cxra mTis iqiT
yofiliyo gadakarguli, yofil samSobloSi, Tumca samSoblo arasodes ar yofila misTvis
TavSesafarze didi mcneba, arc dakargvamde da arc dabrunebis Semdeg.
xuTi wlisa marto darCa am qveyanaze. isic ki ar axsovda, rogor gadarCa TviTon, magram
rac ukanasknelad dainaxa mSobliur saxlSi, samaradisod aRebeWda sulsa da gonebaSi: kedelTan
Cacucquli, loyiTa da xelisgulebiT kedels mixutebuli deda, TiTqos es wuTia, SemTxveviT
Semofrenili da gzamoWrili CitiviT, kedelze Camoxoxialebulao; sisxlis gubeSi moqanave
akvani da awewili artaxebidan gamoyofili xeli umcrosi disa; karSi pirqve Cawolili mama da
mis zurgze talaxiani fexis anabeWdi; TvalebdaWyetili, magidis fexs Cafrenili bebia, TiTqos
magidas ver Seleviao, da moulodneli, Semawuxebeli siTeTre kabis qveS daberebuli xorcisa.
im dRidan sulisSemxuTavi, gauTavebeli qrolva daamaxsovrda kidev da daZruli, misken gamo-
qanebuli qvafenili, magram verafriT gaexsenebina, TviTon gadmoxta aivnidan, Tu imaT gadmo-
agdes, imaT, moulodnelad, facafuciT, erTmaneTis jikaobiT rom Semocvivdnen oTaxSi. did-
xans ixetiala sofel-sofel da, Tumca bevrgan SeeZlo samudamod darCeniliyo, samudamod
Sexizvnoda romelime keTil ojaxs, erT adgilas guli mainc ar uCerdeboda, arc erT saxls ar
endoboda, raki sakuTarmac ar daindo, da rogorc ki Tavs midebda, rogorc ki Tvals milu-
lavda nawyalobev sasTumalze, maSinve daxocili Tavisianebi wamoiSlebodnen xolme ucxo,
miuCveveli TavSesafris kuTxeebidan. `biWs uSveleT, biWs uSveleTo~, _ esmoda dedis Semza-
ravad Secvlili xma da isic Tavqudmoglejili garboda kidev erTi TavSesafridan, radgan
aRar sjeroda, misi dacva Tu SeeZlo vinmes, Tuki is sabediswero dRe ganmeordeboda, is sabe-
diswero dRe, romelic gaunelebeli SiSis, sazareli Cvenebebisa da axali ubedurebebis dau-
level sabadod qceuliyo misTvis. dro gadioda, isic SeumCnevlad izrdeboda uTavbolo xe-
tialSi, magram sizmarSi yovelTvis isev xuTi wlis biWi iyo da isev sunTqvaSekruli mieqaneboda
qvafenilisken, rogorc tots momwydari nayofi, romelsac dacemis meti aRaraferi SeuZlia.
SiSiTa da undoblobiT dasneulebuli, darwmunebuli iyo, misi ojaxis amomwyveti xalxi, fa-
cafuciT, erTmaneTis jikaobiT kvalSi mohyveboda da iqamde ar moisvenebda, sanam masac ar
mouRebda bolos. am rwmenas isic umtkicebda, TiTqos mis jibrze areuli qveyana dawynarebas
II nawili
rom ar apirebda. alalbedze moxetiales, saxrCobelaze akonwialebuli gvamic unaxavs da gzis-

piras dagdebulic, saxeze totebwafarebuli. magram ar icoda, vin vis klavda, ratom, risi
gulisTvis da srulebiTac ar gaukvirdeboda, misTvisac rom gadaecvaT kiserze yulfi, anda
xiSti eZgerebinaT mucelSi. ukve bevris mnaxvels, imis gageba mainc ar SeeZlo, rac mis samSob-
414 loSi xdeboda. xalxi, romelic waramara icvleboda usasrulo gzaze da mainc yovelTvis er-
Tnairi iyo, an simarTles umalavda, anda Tavs ar uyadrebda. puris yuas Tu miugdebdnen, ZaRlis
fiCvebze Tu daawvendnen da srulebiTac ar naRvlobdnen albaT, is fiCvebi diliT carieli
rom xvdebodaT, xolo puris yua _ WuWyiani cremliT dambali da aqa-iq gamocicqnili, TiTqos
sibneleSi Tagvi misdgomia, magram raRacas SeuSinebia da miutovebiao. mas ki yvelaferi aSi-
nebda: aRa-mahmad-xanic, romelsac yvelgan wyevlidnen, da TeTri jaric, romelsac yvelgan
mouTmenlad elodebodnen, Tumca wesierad arc icodnen, saidan unda gamoCeniliyo, an rodis.
arc man icoda, rom im sabediswero dRes, roca aivnidan gadmomxtari Tu gadmovardnili, qva-
fenilze daenarcxa, misi samSobloc dacemuliyo, ise dacemuliyo, kidev sakiTxavi iyo, SeZ-
lebda Tu vera fexze wamodgomas. es man ar icoda da gindac scodnoda, gulTan ver miitanda,
verc Seicodebda, radgan imdenad sacodavi iyo TviTon, TavisTavad dahkargvoda sxvaTa Seco-
debis unari. erTi rame undoda mxolod: sakuTari sicocxlis gadarCena, samudamod SiSnaWami,
sikvdilis danasunTqi sicocxlis gadarCena da am sicocxles veravis anacvalebda, verc sam-
Soblos, yvelaze naklebad samSoblos, radgan samSoblomac ver daicva igi, roca umweo bavSvs,
yvelaferze metad dacva sWirdeboda. Tu gadarCa, im sisxlis wyalobiT gadarCa, maT ojaxSi
rom daiRvara, erTbaSad, erTianad, rogorc xelSi Camtydari Wiqidan wyali; im sisxlidan da-
ibada xelmeored, romelic xatebidan mSvidad gamomziral wmindanebs mieSxefa saxeSi da ro-
melSiac misi umcrosi dis akvani irweoda; im sisxlze dausxltaT fexi mkvlelebs da imitom
ver miswvdnen masac. ase rom, aravisgan ar iyo davalebuli Tavisi sicocxlisTvis, garda im
umweo da gulwrfelad mosiyvarule xalxisa, romlebic gadaefarnen, win aRudgnen, sakuTari
sxeulebiT Seayovnes misken daZruli sikvdili, sanam aivnidan, im wyeuli saxlis aivnidan gad-
movardnasa Tu gadmoxtomas moaxerxebda. sakuTari TavisTvis unda ecxovra mxolod, raki aRa-
ravin hyavda namdvilad misiani da im samiode litra sisxliT, ZarRvebiT rom gamoetana gan-
sacdelidan, axla mas Caesaxa da gaeCina ded-mamac, daca da bebiac, rogorc is Casaxes da gaaCines
odesRac. am ganzraxviT cxovrobda mxolod da yvelaferi saamisod undoda, yvelaferi, rac
garSemo arsebobda. marTalia, naadrevad SeSinebuli buneba da sxvis Wkuaze siaruls miuCveveli
cxovreba kidev didxans SeuSlida xels, Seaferxebda misi ganzraxvis aRsrulebas, magram erTi
wuTiTac ar dahkargvia rwmena, rodesme masac rom eqneboda mtkiced nagebi, amqveyniuri qariS-
xlebisagan saimedod daculi saxli, saxli ki ara, yazarma, cixesimagre, sadac fexmZime xevsuri
dedakaciviT ganmartovdeboda igi, ganudgeboda cxovrebas, raTa dasabami mieca axali sicoc-
xlisaTvis, ufro windaxedulisTvis, ufro alRoianisTvis, vidre misi gamCenebi iyvnen, rom-
lebic gansacdelis Jams, imis nacvlad, gadakarguliyvnen, soroebSi SemZvraliyvnen, TviTonve
ezrunaT sakuTari sicocxlis gadasarCenad, RmerTs miendvnen da, xatebis win daCoqilni, loc-
viTa da galobiT Seegebnen brmasa da Tavxed sikvdils.
mere jars gadaeyara, sicxiT gadaxunebulsa da mtvriT gadaTeTrebul jars, da maSinve
mixvda, es is jari iyo, romlis molodinSic xalxs Tvali uwyaldeboda da romelsac Wkua unda
eswavlebina viRac aRa-mahmad-xanisaTvis, da, Tumca im jars yvelaferi ucxo da uCveulo hqonda,
Cacmulobaca da iaraRic, gumaniT igrZno, uyoymanod irwmuna, is rom iyo yvelaze sando Tav-
Sesafari, misi sicocxle mxolod da mxolod am jaris siaxloves iqneboda saimedod daculi,
mxolod da mxolod am veeba furgonebsa da zarbaznebs Soris daaRwevda Tavs warmodgenil
mdevars, sibrazisa da sirbilisagan pirgamSral mdevars, maincdamainc misi sisxliT rom api-
rebda wyurvilis mokvlas.
jari gzis piras dabanakebuliyo. cecxlis, rkinisa da oflis suniT SemosazRvruliyo da
koconebTan danawilebuliyo. arc aseTi xalxi enaxa, arc aseTi cxenebi. Calisferi, birkiT ga-
dapentili fafari cxenebs lamis koWebamde dasTrevdaT da ise gamozomilad adgamdnen fexs,
TiTqos ucxo miwas amowmebdnen, ar endobodnen, darwmunebulni ar iyvnen, gauZlebda Tu ara
II nawili
maTi uzarmazari sxeulebis simZimes. koconTan Camsxdari, saxedaforajebuli, wvermoSvebuli

da mkerdmoReRili jariskacebic uzarmazarebi Candnen. didi cxovelebis gulgrilobiT iyu-
rebodnen Camokonkili bavSvisaken, magram Zneli saTqmelia, amCnevdnen Tu ara mas. maTTan Se-
birka _ zogierTi balaxis ekliani nayofi

415
darebiT is imdenad patara iyo, SeiZleba, arc ki xvdeboda maTi TvalTaxedvis areSi. kacisa da
cxenis oxSivriT damZimebuli niavi undilad afrialebda furgonze gadaWimuli tilos aSve-
bul kalTas. jars pirquSi daRliloba da saerTo, damamunjebeli sevda daufleboda, dacal-
kevebas, piradul sevdad qcevas rom ver aswrebs drois simciris gamo da yrud, TiTqmis sasia-
movnodac bJuis sadRac, sulis romeliRac kunWulSi, rogorc CeqmaSi gamoxarSuli fexi.
diliT, jari rom aiSala, isic aedevna da aRarc moSorebia, sanam yaflan makabels gadaey-
reboda. ase urmis dasvretil Crdils Seefareba xolme ZaRli da qaqaniT misdevs, radgan fexi
Tu Seanela, Crdili gadauswrebs da isev mzis gulze aRmoCndeba. didi gza gaiara am jarTan
erTad, bevri rame naxa da bevri rame iswavla, Tundac cxenis dabana, jariskacuri WurWlis
recxva, TuTunis gaxveva, cxviridan bolis gamoSveba da samsarTuliani, gulidan boRmis amom-
tani gineba, riTac jariskacebis aRtacebasac iwvevda da ulufasac imsaxurebda. male jaris
ganuyofel nawilad iqca, erTaderTi gamrTobic iyo da erTaderTi TanamgrZnobelic marad
aRWurvilisa da marad gzaze damdgari xalxisaTvis (mere, roca TviTonac jariskaci gaxda da
ocdaxuTi weli aqeT-iqiT dabragunobda, madlierebis grZnobiT igonebda am usaxo da usaxelo
maswavleblebs, jer kidev bavSvs rom agemes jariskacuri cxovrebis simZimeca da siamtkbi-
lobac).
Camokonkili, fexSiSveli misdevda kudSi oflisa da tyavis suniT gazantebul aRals, mag-
ram axla guli sagulesa hqonda, marto aRar iyo, ufro swored _ gamonaklisi, radgan jarTan
xetialisas imaSic darwmunda, yvelas viRacisa rom eSinoda, rogorc jars adgilobrivi mo-
saxleobisa, adgilobriv mosaxleobas ki _ jarisa. SiSs siucxove aCenda. aqaur xalxs jaris
meti ra enaxa, magram is jari mowodebul wyals xarbad, daueWveblad svamda, naxevars gavarva-
rebul abjarze isxamda, cali Tvali wylis momwodebel gogoskena hqonda, Tavdaxrili, Raw-
vSefakluli rom idga, aRma-daRma rom daudioda misi gulisTvis mebrZoli biWis siaxloviT
dafeTebuli mkerdi da elodeboda, gulis fancqaliT elodeboda, rodis moiSorebda is biWi
piridan kokuras, rodis gaxsnida sicxisgan danaoWebul Subls da, madlobis nacvlad, rodis
etyoda: gogov, siZe ar unda dedaSensao? es jari ki sxva iyo, es jari imdenad ucxo iyo, uneburad
Tvals aridebdnen, wylisa da qliavis miwodebac ver gaebedaT, radgan arasodes enaxaT maT
qveyanaSi samSvidobod Semosuli ucxo jari da, mter-moyvaris garCevaSi aTasgzis motyue-
bulni, ndobas gadaCveuliyvnen. jarisTvisac yvelaferi ucxo iyo aq. ara marto xalxi, aramed
bunebac, ferTa ucnauri, moulodneli monacvleobaca da ezo-SukebSi Cagubebuli, samaradi-
sod damkvidrebuli surnelic. jarica da xalxic bedisweras Seexvedrebina da erTmaneTisa
araferi gaegebodaT, amitomac arc ndoba hqondaT, da ise Sescqerodnen erTmaneTs, TiTqos es
wuTia gaSvelebulan, sulis mosaTqmelad da natkeni xorcis Casawynarebladao. jari borblebis
RrWialiT, dolebisa da dalursmuli Ceqmebis braguniT gadioda soflebze, romlebsac na-
soflarebi ufro eTqmoda, ZaRlsac ena hqonda Cavardnili da mamalsac, gegonebodaT, egaa,
gadaSenebula kacis modgmao, magram jaris xmaze gaubedavad gamoiReboda xolme Wirgadavlili
qoxis kari da bindCamdgari RriWodan lobioTi pirmoTxupnuli, gaocebuli da cnobismoyvare
bavSvi gamoiWyiteboda, rogorc mSvidobis, mSvidobis ki ara, umweobis alami. fexis qariT wa-
moSlili mtveri saxlebSic aRwevda da mdored, ganukiTxavad efineboda yvelafers: saxatesa
Tu patronmkvdar, kedelze dakidul iaraRs; Wrela-Wrula fardagebsa Tu azrialebul jam-
WurWels. saxlebs ukan SeyuJuli, SeSinebuli ZaRlebi sacodavad wkavwkavebdnen. jari ki midi-
oda, miRrWialebda, migruxunebda, mibragunobda da zurgs ukan mrude naborblarebsa da erT-
maneTSi areul, erTmaneTze datkepnil nafexurebs tovebda, zemodan bavSvis SiSveli terfebis
anabeWdi rom moqceoda, WavliviT mkrTali da msubuqi.
jars mozdokamde misdia, mozdokSi ki, artileriis maiorma, yaflan makabelma iSvila, ro-
II nawili
melmac uaresad gauRviva jariskacobis survili. `Cvens qveyanas jari sWirdeba, mxolod ja-
rio~, _ xSir-xSirad eubneboda yaflan makabeli da, sanam jaris asaki Seusruldeboda, TviTon
wvrTnida, mkacrad, daundoblad da siyvaruliT.
416 aRali _ urmebis, sazidrebis qaravani

yaflan makabeli ucolod Caberebuliyo savele karavSi da ukve im asakSi gaxldaT, suliw-
minda Tu ar Seuamxanagdeboda, imedic ar unda hqonoda memkvidrisa da gvaris gamgrZeleblis
gaCenisa. oboli biWi bedisweris mogzavnilad CaTvala, RmerTis saCuqariviT miiRo, dabana,
daapura da ara marto adgili misca mzeze gamoxunebulsa da wvimebisagan Calaqavebul karavSi,
aramed gvaric. darwmunebuli iyo, sikeTes akeTebda, obols gzaze ayenebda, TviTon ki, sxva Tu
araferi, gamxsenebeli mainc darCeboda am qveyanaze da mTlad ar gaiwireboda. es ki TavisTavad
ukve raRacas niSnavda, daviwyebis, ukvalod gaqrobis SiSisagan mainc ganimuxteboda am dagvi-
anebuli da alalbedze gadadgmuli nabijiT. ase artileristebi zarbazanSi CarCenil bolo
Wurvs, mxolod da mxolod, daZabuli nervebis dasawynareblad daaxlian xolme uecrad Camo-
vardnil siCumesa da uecrad gamocarielebul sivrces, roca brZola ukve damTavrebulia da
sxva arafriT ar aris gamarTlebuli srola.
axali gvari umtkivneulod miiRo, jer erTi, namdvili wesierad aRarc axsovda da mainc-
damainc arc gaxsenebas cdilobda. meorec erTi, axali gvaric Taviseburi TavSesafari iyo da
axla ufro gauWirdebodaT misi povna da gamocnoba misianebis amomxocvel xalxs, Tuki aqamde
ver Seguebodnen mis dakargvas da isev kvalSi mohyvebodnen, rac Znelad dasajerebeli iyo,
magram arc zedmeti sifrTxile awyenda. axali gvari, sxva sikeTesTan erTad, Tavadobasac ani-
Webda da, rogorc Rirseul memkvidres moeTxoveba, yovelTvis moTminebiTa da yuradRebiT
usmenda xolme mamobils, roca is Tavisi gvaris Tavgadasavals uyveboda.
yaflan makabelis babuam araCveulebrivi Ronisa da simamacis wyalobiT Tavadoba moipova
da amiT makabelebis mdidarsa da mravalricxovan gvars keTilSobilebac SesZina. magram mou-
lodnelma aRzevebam Tu taxtis siaxloves dgomam Tavbru daaxvia da imis mere sul ukan-ukan
wavida misi saqme. jer gvars ganudga, aRaravin gaikara siaxloves, Tavadoba Tu gindaT _ xelic
gaanZrieT, sxvis qeifSi advilia davluris Camovlao. gvari daiqsaqsa, uceb dakarga wlobiT
SemuSavebuli erTianobis, erTmaneTis gamoqomagebisa da gatanis unari. arc Tavadobas gaxa-
rebia erT RameSi gamoCekili, erT RameSi gakeTilSobilebuli yasbis Semomateba (yaflan maka-
belis babuas sasaxleSi yasabi Searqves, radgan erT-erT brZolaSi xmaldaxmal Tormeti kaci
aCexa Turme). sanam cocxali iyo, kidev ara uSavdaT, kidev Tavadobdnen, xolo misi Svili (yaf-
lanis mama), iseTive Tavadi aRmoCnda, rogor yeensac TbilisSi Camoatarebdnen xolme aqlemze
waRma-ukuRma Seskupebuls. arc mamis Zal-Rone hqonda, mamis monapovari rom daecva da, Tqven
warmoidgineT, arc survili. sikvdili erCia sasaxleSi gamoCenas, TavadebSi Cadgomas da, roca
sxvebi, namdvili Tavadebi, yoCis rqebiviT dagrexil ulvaSebze beWdian TiTebs isvamdnen, is
zurgebs efareboda, netavi aravin SemamCnios, netavi aravis gavaxsendeo. misma erTaderTma
memkvidrem (yaflanma) ver gauZlo mamis sacodaobis yurebas da ruseTs miaSura. male Tavic
gamoiCina, rogorc guladma da gamWriaxma meomarma, maioris Cini daimsaxura da patiosnad
emsaxureboda Tavis axal xelmwifes, romelsac srulebiTac ar ainteresebda, ra feris sisxli
edga ZarRvebSi mis erTgul jariskacs. mere, roca bagrationebis taxti uremze daudes da pe-
terburgisaken gauyenes, gauxarda kidec, radgan im taxtma isic Tan gaiyola, ris gamoc Rvar-
Zlisa da dacinvis meti araferi Sexvedria. axla Tavisuflad SeeZlo dabrunebuliyo samSob-
loSi, sadac adre, undili da sapampulod gamxdari mamis wyalobiT, gamoCenisac rcxvenoda.
magram ise gardaicvala, samSoblomde ver CamoaRwia, is jariskaci iyo da, saiTac gadaisrodnen,
iq unda exvripa Tavisi jariskacuri ulufa da CaxuTul karavSi gaSotils (colis SerTvaze
arc ufiqria), eocneba samSobloSi zar-zeimiT dabrunebaze, mama-papis javris amoyraze, saxlze,
sadac bavSvoba gaetarebina da sadac axla, albaT, WotebiRa budobdnen, radgan ded-mama ukve
karga xnis daxocilebi iqnebodnen, sxva ki aravin dautovebia Sin. mere bedma oboli biWi mouv-
lina da, rac rame ebada, yvelaferi mas uanderZa sikvdilis win: gvaric, mamiseuli saxlica da
II nawili
samboqlomiani skivric. oboli biWi qaixosro makabelad iqca, romelsac metad ucnauri, magram
mis bedSi myofisaTvis mainc xelsayreli movaleoba daekisra: sxvisi saxlisa Tu nasaxlaris
patronoba da sxvisi gvaris aRdgena.
mamobilis sikvdils ar daswrebia, im dros misi nawili velad iyo gasuli, manevrebze, da
417
mamobilis megobarma moswera, ase da ase moxda, rogorc moaxerxeb, Camodi memkvidreobis mi-
saRebado. TviTonac ar egona, ase Tu esiamovneboda, ase Tu gaaxarebda arseboba saxlisa, rome-
lic TvaliTac ar enaxa, isic ar icoda, romel mxares hqonda kari Sebmuli, sadRac, cxra mTas
iqiT idga, magram mainc misi iyo da mxolod mas elodeboda. saxlis garda, mamobilma, rogorc
ukve vTqviT, rkinis salteebiani, samboqlomiani skivric dautova, romelSiac Tavisuflad
eteoda martoxela kacisTvis aucilebeli da misi axali patronisTvis TiTqmis uvargisi nivTebi
(Tumca iqidan zogi ramis gamoyeneba kidev SeiZleboda, Tundac ori xeli sacvlisa, xSiri xma-
rebisa da aseve xSiri recxvisagan suli kbiliT rom eWira, magram gaWirvebuli kaci gadasagde-
bad mainc ver gaimetebda). skivric TavisTavad qoneba iyo, xeli ekideboda, simZime hqonda,
gadatan-gadmotana sWirdeboda, sam boqloms ZuZus sami lekviviT daaTrevda da, bolos da
bolos, Camojdomac SeiZleboda zed. vin icis, sad ar naTrev skivrs aqa-iqRa SemorCenoda odes-
Rac moxatuli da qaRaldiviT Txeli Tunuqi. skivris daTvalierebis Semdeg bevri aRaraferi
Sematebia, magram esec sakmarisi iyo, sakuTari Tavis rwmena gasCenoda da ufro xalisianad
mohkideboda cxovrebas. martoxela kacis naqonma nivTebma, cota ar iyos, daasevdiana da sa-
fiqrelad ganawyo. ijda Tavaxdil skivrze, muxlze mwvane obmodebuli Sandali edo da cdi-
lobda Caswvdenoda misTvis bolomde ucxod darCenili kacisa da, aqedan gamomdinare, saerTod
cxovrebis idumal arssa da bunebas. cxadia, misi cxonebuli mamobili misTvis ar inaxavda am
sevdis aRmZvrel qonebas, an saidan unda scodnoda, lamis ukanasknel wuTas rom gamouCndeboda
memkvidre, da raki es ar icoda, ratom dahfofinebda, ratom ufrTxildeboda TvalisCiniviT
am daobebul Sandalsa Tu monogramagadaSlil kovzs, roca SeeZlo, sicocxleSive gaeyida,
TviTonve moexmara da viRac oxrisaTvis (Tundac qaixosrosaTvis) ar daetovebina. es agdebda
swored qaixosros sagonebelSi. rogorc yvela suliT xorcamde jariskaci, cota isic waifi-
losofosebda, magram swored jariskacuri filosofia uSlida xels, gaego mamobilis saqci-
eli. am nivTebs gaxvretili groSis fasic ar hqondaT, sanam skivrSi iyvnen Caketilni, ubega-
moyviTlebul sacvlebTan erTad, da amiT misi mamobili uazro da usargeblo tvirTs imatebda
mxolod, zedmetad iwvalebda Tavs. Tanac tyuilubralod, radgan sanacvlod arc gasamrjelos
hpirdeboda vinme da arc madlobis Tqmas. SeiZleba, am uazro wvalebaSi xedavda igi Tavisi
arsebobis gamarTlebas, uTvistomod darCenili sulis Svebas, anda odesRac gancdili bedni-
erebis sabuTebad sWirdeboda, mogonebebis gasamZafreblad, gasamZafreblad ki ara, Sesanar-
Cuneblad, msubuqi, advilad gasafanti mogonebebis Sesakaveblad ewyo skivrSi isini, rogorc
qaris SiSiT magidaze gadaSlil rukebze daawyoben xolme raime mZime sagnebs saTaTbirod Sek-
rebili oficrebi. ase iyo Tu ise, Tavaxdil skivrze Camomjdarma qaixosrom ukve icoda, vera-
sodes ver Cawvdeboda da verasodes ver ganicdida mkvdari mamobilis beds. misi rwmeniT, ada-
mianebi ucxoni iyvnen erTmaneTisTvis da aseTebadac darCebodnen bolomde, radgan aravis
SeuZlia, naxmari kovziviT anda SandaliviT, Tundac imis msgavsi ganwyobilebac gadasces meore
adamians, rogoric TviTon eufleboda imave kovzisa Tu Sandlis aRebisas. noes kidobnisgan
gansxvavebiT, am skivridan amosul sicocxles ukve yavli hqonda gasuli, nasxvisari, erTxel
ukve nacxovrebi iyo da ukve gamocloda mTavari wveni da fer-xorci, magram upatronod gaz-
rdili qaixosro arafers Takilobda, am qveyanaze ufro saimedod, ufro myarad rom moekida
fexi. saamisod ki is skivric vargoda, radgan mis aSmorebul mucelSi isic inaxeboda, rasac
arasodes ar gasdis yavli. marTalia, arc ise bevri, sikvdilamde Tavze gadasvloda qaixosros,
magram arc ise cota, sulSi CaefurTxebina jamagiris Semyure maiorisTvis. qaixosrom, mem-
kvidreobiT miRebuli skivris qeqvisas, raRac-raRaceebi sakuTar arsebaSic aRmoaCina da amiT
rodi darCenila naklebad kmayofili. man igrZno, rom arasodes araferze ar ityoda uars,
Tuki Tavisi maradiuli TanxmobiT rames mainc gamorCeboda cxovrebas. sakuTari gamocdilebiT
icoda, adamianis cxovreba metnaklebad mZime da saSiSi gansacdelebis uwyveti jaWvi romaa da
II nawili
kacis mTavar niWad yovelgvar gansacdelidan Tavis daZvrenis niWsa Tvlida. amitomac scemda
gansakuTrebul pativs or adamians, grZelulvaSa efreitors da bibliur noes. efreitori
rom Tavis ambavs mohyveboda xolme, gindoda Tu ar gindoda, unda gewama saswauli, radgan
418 monograma _ ramdenime asosgan SeTxzuli niSani

marTlac saswauli iyo, kidev cocxali Tu dadioda. ufro metic, ise Caberebuliyo brZolebSi,
erTxelac ar gaekawra tyvias. xolo, roca yazarmis mRvdlisgan bibliuri noes Tavgadasavali
moismina, samudamod ganimsWvala misadmi usazRvro SuriTa da TayvaniscemiT.
beds uTqvams, vinc momixmars, weliwadSi erTxel yvelas karze Semovjdebio. magram bedi
rogor unda Semomjdariyo mis karze, roca kari ar hqonda? amitom, cxovrebas Tu apirebda,
upirveles yovlisa, yvelafrisTvis unda miefurTxebina, rac aqamde gadaxdenoda Tavs, da axali
cxovreba daewyo, rogorc noem daiwyo warRvnis Semdeg. aqedan unda gadaxvewiliyo da, imave
noesaviT, axal miwaze (sabednierod, hqonda amis saSualeba) gaeRvivebina kera. amis mere bevri
aRar uyoymania da, mxarze skivrSedgmuli, daadga gzas memkvidreobiT miRebuli saxlisaken,
romelic iqamde mxolod qaRaldze arsebobda misTvis da romelTanac im qaRaldis garda sxva
araferi akavSirebda, arc iq gatarebuli bavSvoba da arc iq gardacvlili mSoblebi. magram,
roca pirvelad dainaxa saxuravCaqceuli, kar-fanjara Camoxsnili, WinWrisa da gvimris zRvaSi
sanaxevrod CaZiruli Senoba, guli ise auCqarda, iseTi simSvide daeufla uceb, sazareli siz-
mridan gamorkveul bavSvs rom daeufleba momRimari dedis danaxvaze, imitom ki ara, misi ma-
mobili sul am saxlze rom eCiCineboda, Tavis gulidan amis gulSi rom undoda gadaenerga am
saxlis siyvaruli, aramed imitom, is saxli mas rom ekuTvnoda.
amaod damSvraliyo qaixosros mamobili, mis mier araerTgzis aRweril saxls araferi hqon-
da saerTo am sacodav nangrevebTan. maioris maxsovrobaSi sul sxva saxli wamoWimuliyo, oc-
nebiTa da sinanuliT gamSvenierebuli, sadac yvela oTaxs Tavisi gansakuTrebuli feri da sur-
neli hqonda. aq ki _ saerTo, siZvelisa da sidamplis amazrzeni suni gamefebuliyo. rogorc ar
unda moendomebina, verc im siamovnebis gancdas moaxerxebda qaixosro, romelsac Turme misi
mamobili ganicdida bavSvobaSi, roca dedis uCumrad fexSiSveli darboda grilsa da kriala
filaqanze. filaqani dafSxvniliyo da usiamod xraSunobda fexqveS, wiTel mtvrad da RorRad
qceuli. verc waloSi Cawveboda im zRapruli xilvebis gamosaxmobad, iq Camalul mamobilis
rom evlineboda Turme. walos dampali CarCoRa SerCenoda, sanaxevrod miwiT amovsebuliyo
da meocnebe bavSvis magivrad axla yrolis xe dabinavebuliyo Sig. am nangrevebma, mamobilis ki
ara, ratomRac sakuTari bavSvoba gaaxsena qaixosros, Soreuli, naadrevad Sewyvetili da sis-
xliani bavSvoba. ufro swored, is Tbilisuri saxli gaaxsena, samudamod daviwyebuli rom egona.
mTeli sicxadiT wamoimarTa uceb makabelebis nasaxlarze orsarTuliani, qvis kibiani da mZime
darabebiani saxli, qalis mkerdiviT lamazi aivniT mopirdapire saxls rom ebjineboda lamis,
rogorc mijnuri mijnurs. qaixosrom im aivanze xuTi wlis biWic dainaxa, rikulebs Soris
cxvirgamoyofili, TvalebiT rom Wamda veragulad gatrunul qalaqs. xvlikisferi saxuravebis
buranidan TavdaRweuli, TeTri nisliviT wamozlaznili taZrebic dainaxa; aRmarTSi, ferSa-
liviT, Tavis kanturiT momavali saxedaric; xidis moajirze Sefrenili mamalic da silisferi,
gulCaTxrobili mdinarec. magram es wamieri moCveneba iyo, wamieri Tavdaviwyeba. qaixosros
sad hqonda dasakargi dro, jer dasamkvidrebeli iyo, dasabinavebeli.
makabelebis namosaxlarze sicocxle mTeli ZaliT feTqavda, baraqianad, laRad, Tavisuf-
lad amoexeTqa miwidan Sambnars, aTasnairi mwerisa da qvewarmavlis sabudrad qceuliyo, Wer-
Camoqceul saxlSic SeeRwia, wvimebisgan darbilebul, danestianebul iatakis ficarzec amoe-
yara, kedlis bzarebSic Seefrqvia Tavisi Slegi, yvelafris amtani Tesli, gadapentiliyo obo-
bebis gamxmari, fSute gvamebiTa da ablabudis brWyviala nakuwebiT, ganuwyvetliv mravldeboda,
TiTqos grZnobda, mxolod da mxolod simravleSi rom iyo misi Zala, magram is uvargisi si-
cocxle iyo, xelisSemSlelica da saxifaToc. qaixosro pirvelsave dRes gvels gadaawyda da
lamis xeli mohkida, balaxis mosaglejad daxrilma. gveli mzis gulze iwva da, veluri kamiT
gamZRari, cerisxela cremls aRvarRvarebda. qaixosrom ar icoda, rogor unda moekla gveli,
II nawili
sad scemda guli am grZelsa da slipina sxeulSi, zantad, nawil-nawil rom uCinardeboda ba-
laxSi. qaixosrom jer ezo moasufTava, gvelisgan SeSinebuli, Zirfesvianad glejda Sambs da
fexiT sresda moglejili mcenaris danatovari Rrmulebidan amocvenil WiaRuas. uruqelebi
walo _ kedelSi datanebuli ganjina loginis Sesanaxad

419
gaocebulni uyurebdnen xeze mikidul mundirsac, welzeviT SiSvel kacsac, savele karavsac,
romelic ukve motitvlebul miwaze gaemarTa qaixosros, da TeZoebaprialebul cxensac, daobe-
bul Sandlebsa da monogramagadaSlil kovzebSi rom gaucvala viRac osma darialis xeobaSi.
cxens mwvane dorbli Camoswuwvoda laSebze da ybebis gauCereblad exmareboda patrons balax-
bulaxis mospobaSi. ezom rom TvalSi gamoixeda, cacxvis xeebis Ziras, TiTqmis ukve gadaSlili,
miwis pirs gasworebuli saflavis borcvi gamoCnda da aman ufro SeaZrwuna qaixosro, vidre
gvelma, cremlis RvarRvariT rom Seegeba pirvelsave dRes, veragi da moRalate coliviT.
_ eg yaflanis daa, _ uTxra zosime mRvdelma qaixosros, _ jer eg gaCnda da mere yaflani.
zosime mRvdels WroRa, cocxali Tvalebi hqonda, Signidan ganaTebuli, gegonebodaT, ga-
nuwyvetliv iRimebao. Savi anaforis mxrebi qertliT gadahpentvoda.
_ yaflani sul daikarga. mSoblebi eklesiis ezoSi marxia. eg ubeduriRa SemorCa aqaurobas,
fuZis angeloziviT. _ gaagrZela TviTonve, raki qaixosro TvalgaSterebuli dascqeroda saf-
lavs.
qaixosro zosime mRvdlis naTqvamma SeakrTo da axla mRvdels SeaCerda saxeSi. mRvdelma
gauRima, TiTqos SeSfoTebis mizezs miuxvda da gaagrZela: Zvalic aRar darCeboda, albaT. ori
Tvisa momkvdara, RaJRaJs mouklavs.
yaflan makabels arasodes ar uxsenebia da, araferi icoda qaixosrom misi arsebobisa da
kidev erTi mkvdari naTesavis aRmoCenam ise daabnia, cota ar iyos, mgoni daaeWva kidec mRvdeli
Tavis WeSmarit makabelobaSi. mRvdeli iRimeboda da odnav, Zlivs SesamCnevad acmacunebda
svelsa da wiTel tuCebs, TiTqos dariCins wuwniso.
_ ise gixsniT, TiTqos Sorebeli iyoT... _ Tqva zosime mRvdelma.
dayovneba aRar SeiZleboda, saswrafod unda epasuxa, rame unda eTqva iseTi, rac mRvdlis
eWvsac gahfantavda da mis SeSfoTebasac gaamarTlebda.
_ RmerTmani, ar vicodi, ar uTqvamT, mamida Tu myavda, _ Tqva qaixosrom.
_ gaanaTlos ufalma! _ Tqva zosime mRvdelma da tuCebi gaawklapuna.
gaSiSvlebuli saflavi jer wvimebma, mere ki Tovlma uaresad gadaaswora da gazafxulze
misi nasaxic aRar etyoboda miwas. magram qaixosros im dRis mere erTi suleluri sizmari
aekviata, romelic sikvdilamde esizmreboda da simwris oflSi gaRvrils wamoagdebda xolme
sawolidan. sizmarSi ori Tvis gogos xedavda, romelsac uzarmazari, yoCis rqebiviT dagrexili
ulvaSebi hqonda. eg iyo da eg. magram qaixosro auwereli SiSiTa da mRelvarebiT elodeboda
yovelTvis ulvaSebiani Cvilis gamocxadebas. aq, makabelebis nasaxlarze dafuZneba, Zalaune-
burad, mkvdari angelozis samflobeloSi SeWras niSnavda, magram axla ukan daxeva gvian iyo,
mxolod aq, bedisagan nawyalobev miwaze unda gaedga fesvi, Tuki saamiso unari da nebisyofa
saerTod gaaCnda. mxolod aq iyo misi adgili, misi saWidao moedani, da axla mxolod masze iyo
damokidebuli, vin vis gadasZlevda: is _ cxovrebas, Tu cxovreba _ mas. beds undoda ase, imave
beds, romelmac xuTi wlisa foToliviT Seawyvita mis gamomtan xes, foToliviT ki ara, im xis
TesliviT gaitaca da iqamde atariala ukidegano sivrceSi, mtvris namceciviT patara da uxi-
lavi, sanam sxvisi mkvdriT gapoxierebul miwaSi ar CaTesa, TiTqos imis cnobiswadili klavda,
vnaxoT erTi, ra gamova, rogor Seegueba garemos, ranair nayofs gamoiRebs, anda saerTod ixa-
rebs Tu arao. amas ki dro gviCvenebda mxolod. danarCeni TviTon Teslze iyo damokidebuli,
gaaCnia, ramdenad iyo sicocxlisken midrekili da ramdenad hqonda ganviTarebuli Seguebis
unari. rac ar egueba _ kvdeba. aseTi martivia bunebis kanoni, radgan bunebas erTi morCili
Svili urCevnia, mweri iqneba is Tu adamiani, milion uZReb Svils. qaixosrosac sxva raRa darCe-
noda, ecnoboda da egueboda axal garemos, xalxis xasiaTs, Sukebisa da baR-venaxebis ganlagebas,
gzebsa da bilikebs, mdinarisa Tu amindis Wirveulobebs, da arc uruqelebi rCebodnen valSi,
II nawili
radgan naklebad arc imaT ainteresebdaT ucxo, axali varskvlaviviT uruqis caze moulodnelad
gamoCenili kaci, ubralo glexiviT rom Sromobda dilidan saRamomde, Tumca maioris mundiri,
brWyviala epoletebiTa da oqrosferi RilebiT gawyobili, xeze hqonda mikiduli, rogorc
420 RaJRaJi _ wiTela

gansakuTrebulobisa da xelSeuxeblobis sabuTi, zodiaqos niSaniviT, garegnulad martivi da
yvelasaTvis gasagebi, magram kidev sxva, ufro rTuli, ufro mniSvnelovani da idumali azris
momcveli.
mamobilis mundiri, saqarTveloSi rom gadmovida, maSin Caicva. manamde mxarze Sedgmuli
kidobniT mohqonda. mere aRarc mouSorebia, radgan mundirSi gamowyobils yvelgan advilad
SesamCnevi pativiscemiT, moridebiTa da, Tqven warmoidgineT, SiSiTac ki xvdebodnen. yvela
sikeTesTan erTad, mundiri saocrad mouxda (amas sadgurebisa da sastumroebis momsaxure qa-
lebis saxeebze kiTxulobda), ise zustad moergo, TiTqos erTmaneTisTvis gaCeniliyvnen Ta-
vidanve. uruqelebs xom piri daaRebina da amis bralicaa albaT, yvelam uyoymanod, daueWveblad
rom CaTvala igi makabelebis kanonier memkvidred. uruqSi rom Camovida, rTveli karze iyo
momdgari, xalxi Rvinis dasaxvedrad, Rvinis dasabinaveblad emzadeboda, xexavdnen da rec-
xavdnen sawnaxelebsa da qvevrebs; seqtembris mze, Jindamcxrali mijnuriviT, mSvidad, gul-
grilad elamuneboda nayofiT CamZimebul venaxebs, is ki orRobeSi moseirnobda, kiserze sa-
davegadagdebuli cxeni frutuniTa da cmukviT mohyveboda ukan da qvevrebidan Tavamoyofili
sofeli najafi, dawiTlebuli xeliT iCrdilavda Tvals, mis brwyinvalebas rom ar daebrmave-
bina. is ki arxeinad moseirnobda, gaoflili qudi idayvSi moxrilsa da win gaSveril mklavze
daesvenebina, TiTqos uruqelebisaTvis ZRveni gamoutanebiaTo.
aq aravin ar icnobda, aq SeeZlo Tavmomwoned siaruli, Tanac yoveldRiurma, samSvidobo
fusfusmac TandaTanobiT gadahyara gulidan yazarmis dardi da daarwmuna, swored rom moiqca,
aq rom iyo misi adgili, am miyruebul sofelSi, radgan aq hqonda saqme da mxolod aq SesZlebda
Tavisi movaleobis aRsrulebas. yazarma, ra Tqma unda, enaneboda, magram viRacis nasaxlarSi
mofusfuse, ufro da ufro rwmundeboda, rom vaJkacoba Tavis gamodeba da sikvdili ki ara,
gadarCenaa, radac ar unda dagijdes igi. visac ra undoda, is eTqva, mas movaleoba hqonda da
arafris gulisTvis aRar daixevda ukan, sanam sawadels ar miaRwevda. mas erTi gvari unda daem-
Tavrebina, rogorc wertils grZeli da uazro winadadeba, meore ki unda aRedgina, ki ar unda
aRedgina _ daewyo, axali, Zveli samosiT SeniRbuli, magram sruliad axali gvari. ase rom,
droulad unda moeTavebina saxlic da tyuilubralod ar unda daeberebina Zlivs gadarCenili
sisxli. vin dauWerda qals, sakuTari saxl-karis patronsa da maioris mundirSi gamowyobils?
anda, ra sWirdaT dasawuni aqaur qalebs? isic saukeTesos amoarCevda, magram moxda is, rasac
yvelaze naklebad elodeboda, ramac Zirfesvianad Secvala misi cxovrebaca da ocnebac. bedi
bedad, magram, etyoba, TviTonac uWkuo iyo, radgan cotas morCa, yovlad gaumarTlebeli sul-
swrafobis msxverpli gaxda. damTxveuli TaTrisa da Zirgavardnili qvrivis siyvarulobanas
ahyva, cxvris qonisa da monazvnis senakis sunma aumRvria goneba, magram ras ifiqrebda, ase Tu
garTuldeboda, sisxlamde Tu mividoda saqme. aq Camosvlamde imdeni daekarga, imden rameze
eTqva uari, eWvic ar epareboda, am patara siamovnebas, Tuki ikadrebda, yvelani ubatonod da-
anebebdnen. daanebebdnen ki ara, Tavs Tu gauyadrebdaT, unda eamayaT kidec, erTsac da meoresac.
imaT xom ar icodnen, es rom namdvili maiori ar iyo?! erTs unda etrabaxa, keTilSobilma mai-
ormac ar daiwuna Cemi najijgni qalio, meores ki sixarulisgan mecxre caze unda efrina, radgan
mis modgmas, albaT, sizmarSiac ar Rirsebia aseTi pativi. magram, ase Tu ar fiqrobdnen, amdenis
gageba Tu ar SeeZloT, mainc ena unda CaegdoT mucelSi, mainc ise unda moqceuliyvnen, rogorc
maiori ukarnaxebdaT. im qveyanaSi, saidanac qaixosro Camosuliyo, maioris erTi sityvac kma-
roda, qeciani TaTari ki ara, mTeli polki gadacveniliyo cecxlSi. pirvel xanebSi, qaixosros
gunebaSi eRimeboda xolme saxtad darCenili TaTrisa da tetiurad gamopranWuli qvrivis war-
modgenaze, aqaoda, Cvenc naxir-naxiro, magram verc ki grZnobda, amiT uaresad rom iRizianebda
Tavs, dRiTi dRe ufro da ufro rom ixlarTeboda Tavissave moqsovil badeSi, romlis moqsovac
II nawili
Zafis patara nakuwma Caagona Tavidan, qvrivis Svilma, sulelma giorgam, orRobeSi rom gadae-
yara SemTxveviT da imodena aRtaceba, Tayvaniscema, mowiweba da morCileba Seafrqvia TvalebiT,
sisulele iqneboda, zurgi Seeqcia misTvis, Ria cisqveS daetovebina madani, romelsac TavisiT
gamoerRvia miwis safarveli, TviTonve gamosuliyo saaSkaraoze da mxolod imasRa ixveweboda:
421
amiReT da momixmareTo. qaixsoromac aiRo da moixmara, magram Sedegi Canafiqrs Tu ar daemTxva,
es mxolod misi bralia, aCqarebis, sulswrafobis brali. madnis gawmenda da damuSaveba daezara,
zereled moekida am saqmes, xarisxze aRar ifiqra, radgan erTi suli hqonda exila, ra gamodne-
boda am madnisagan. Canafiqri, rogorc grZelulvaSa efreitori ityoda, marTlac erT rameda
Rirda, Tavisi simartiviTa da sidiadiT. da saerTadac, Tavidan yvelaferi kargad aewyo, ramac
uaresad daarwmuna Tavisi gegmis sisworeSi; bavSvis daaxloeba gacilebiT advilad SesZlo,
vidre fiqrobda, Tumca romeli bavSvi ar gagiJdeba sixarulisagan, Tofis Cuqebas Tu dahpir-
debi, Tanac namdvili Tofisas, romel bavSvs gauCerdeba ena, mTel qveyanas ar mosdos Seni
danapirebi; xolo TaTars, Wkuis magvari rame Tu eyara gograSi, uyuradRebod ar unda daeto-
vebina bavSvis nalaparakevi, unda mimxvdariyo, ratom hpirdeboda ucxo Zia Tofs misi kaxpis
gagdebuls da arc imis mixvedra unda gasWirveboda, Tofi igive maiori rom iyo. xa, xa, xao, _
ecineboda qaixosros SiSisagan TvaldaWyetili TaTris warmodgenaze, bavSvs rom Cascieboda
da erTsa da imaves ekiTxeboda sul: ratom dagpirda, rogor dagpirda, iqneb mogeyura anda
gagexumrao. bavSvisa da TaTris gawamawia, raRa Tqma unda, arc qvrivs darCeboda SeumCneveli
da isic droulad daiWerda Tadarigs, darecxil-dasufTavebuli, morTul-mokazmuli da pa-
tarZaliviT pirmopuwkuli, Camojdeboda taxtis kideze. arc bavSvi gamovidoda maincdamainc
gabriyvebuli. Tofs, ra Tqma unda, ar aCuqebda, isev da isev bavSvis sasargeblod, raTa daudev-
robiT Tavi ar daeSavebina imas. TxovebiT ki merec aTxovebda, merec daaWerinebda xelSi. garda
amisa, gana TviTon bavSvs ar undoda TaTris moSoreba, gana TviTon bavSvi ar aCeCebda dedamiss
xelebSi, dedaCemi sul tiris, sul Cems mamikos eZaxis da Sen rom mieferebi, aRar itirebs,
radgan Sen iqnebi Cemi mamikoo. mTlad ase ar ambobda, magram ase gamodioda. bavSvi sulelia,
bavSvs rom Wkua ar moekiTxeba, esec sruli WeSmaritebaa, magram Sen rom ufrosi xar, pirSi ki
ar unda Sescino, TavSi ki ar unda Caupartyuno, ra sisuleleebs roSavo, _ unda mousmino,
gaugo da Seusrulo kidec. bavSvi verc imas mixvdeboda, mglis moSorebas ufro did mgels rom
Txovda da, gindac mixvedriliyo, gana didi mgeli ar erCia? yvelafers rom Tavi davaneboT,
bavSvisaTvis albaT sul erTi iyo, visTan iwveboda dedamisi, Tuki vinmesTan aucileblad unda
woliliyo igi. es ki marTla aucilebelia, radgan qvrivis sarkmels qveyanaa miCerebuli da,
rogorc ki daRamdeba, ZaRli da mamaZaRli am sarkmelSi Camdgari sinaTlisken moZunZulebs,
radgan mwerze meti gansjis unari arc adamians gaaCnia, sadac Suqi ainTeba, yvela misi gulis-
Tvis, mis misazidad da mis gasarTobad hgonia anTebuli. xa, xa, xao, _ icinoda qaixosro, _ arc
aseTi sikeTe vargao, bavSvisTvis uars nu maTqmevinebT da momkaliTo, is ki ara, patara Zamiko,
an patara daiko rom mTxovos, maSinve Cavkideb xels dedamiss da gavaqcuneb bazarSio. icinoda,
magram mere sacinrad aRar daurCa saqme. srolas ar apirebda. dambaCac ise, sxvaTa Soris wamoiRo,
xels gamoayola, lampis SuSasaviT, ufro Tamamad, ufro Tavisuflad, ufro mtkiced rom egrZno
Tavi, TaTarTan ki ara, am qveyanaze mis anabara darCenil qvriv-obolTan, meti fasi rom dasde-
boda qalisa da bavSvis TvalSi (TaTars ukve moSorebulad Tvlida, ar egona, ase male ki ara,
saerTod Tu mobrundeboda am sofelSi, raki moRalateni daelaxa da, ase Tu ise, amoeyara javri).
srolis meti ra ukeTebia jarSi, magram maSin masTan erTad mTeli jari agebda pasuxs, axla ki
marto iyo da pasuxic marto mas moekiTxeboda. moxda, rac unda momxdariyo, sisxli daiRvara,
magram sabednierod _ sxvisi; TaTris sisxlis gamodena advili iyo, aq wesebis dacvas aravin
dagidevdaT, aq vinc daaswrebda, is iyo marTalica da gamarjvebulic. magram vai am simarTlesa
da vai am gamarjvebas, radgan TaTris, Tanac Seni tyviiT daWrili TaTris gadakidebas RvTis
risxva sjobda, RvTisgan dawyevla da SeCveneba. mokvdeboda da ar SeirCenda, mokvdeboda da
mogklavda, cocxals Tu ver mogixelTebda, mkvdars amogTxrida, mkvdars mogklavda xelmeo-
red, TviTon Tu ver moeswreboda, Svils daaficebda, SvilTaSvils, da male erTi kacis nacvlad
II nawili
mTeli jalabi, mTeli gvari, mTeli modgma da jilagi daedevneboda Sens samiode litra sisxls
spilenZis TungebiTa da qvabebiT. aq sxvanairi ca iyo, sxva varskvlavebi kiafobdnen caze da
RmerTis aucilebloba SurisZiebis aucileblobasac gulisxmobda. ase rom, arc gaqcevasa da
damalvas hqonda azri, radgan SurisZiebis kanoni drosa da sivrces ar epueboda, ufro swored,
422
droisa da sivrcis gareTac SeeZlo arseboba da moqmedeba.
sanam Caxmaxs gamoswevda, qvrivi da misi nabiWvari arc axsovda, isini mere gaaxsenda, roca
dambaCam iWeqa da TaTris TiTebs Soris sisxlma gamoJona; TaTars xelebi muclidan ar mouSo-
rebia, TiTqos mucelze romeliRac uxerxemlo, slipina da lorwovani arseba Seupyria da eSinia,
ar damisxlteso. gasrolil tyvias ukan qajic veRar daabrunebda. erTaderTi, rac odnav mainc
miexmareboda am axali ubedurebisgan Tavis daRwevaSi, gadabraleba iyo, saswrafod unda gada-
ebralebina vinmesTvis sakuTari sibriyve da windauxedaoba. amitomac gaaxsenda, dambaCis gas-
rolisTanave, mis zurgs amofarebuli qvrivi da oxeri, magram SiSma da siZulvilma ena dauduma,
adgilze gaaSeSa, arc araferi esmoda, arc arafers grZnobda, SiSisa da siZulvilis garda,
WuWyiviTa grZnobda, wlobiT dagrovili WuWyiviT, Semawuxebelsa da amazrzens, frCxilebiT
rom ginda CamoibRortno, aguriTa da qviSiT. xolo cota gons rom moego, TaTari ukve gas-
cloda iqaurobas, yeyeCi xalxi ki qeba-didebas asxamda qvriv-oblis gamosarClebisaTvis. aman
jer gaaRiziana, cotas morCa, zewriT daifrina yvelani, qvrivis binZuri zewriT, alalbedze
rom moxvda xelSi TaTris misaxmareblad gamoqceuls. mere ki, gulma ugrZno, sul araraobas
qvriv-oblis qomags saxeli sjobda, sxva Tu araferi, momavalSi xalxi Tavs gamoidebda misTvis,
martos aRar Caagdebda TaTris pirSi; Tanac keTilSobilebis SaravandediTac imoseboda, rac
malamosaviT sWirdeboda mis gaRizianebul pativmoyvareobas. amitomac daaWira im Rames enas
kbili da sxva droisTvis gadado misi damRupvelebis dasja. dasjis ufleba ki hqonda, radgan
mxolod da mxolod maTi mizeziT Cavardniliyo am araadamianur gansacdelSi.
didxans gascqeroda Cadedebul wyvdiads, romelSiac daWrili TaTari gauCinarda. mere
mxrebi aiCeCa, uceb ver moisazra, ratom eWira xelSi Tungi da zewari. mere viRacas xelkaviT
mihyavda cariel orRobeSi, rogorc kubos ukan mimavali Wirisufali. mere marto ijda karavSi,
skivrze, da mouTmenlad elodeboda, rodis daifrutunebda cxeni sibneleSi. cxeni eimedeboda,
radgan gasaqcevad hqonda saqme, Tumca icoda, veRarsad gaiqceoda.
im Rames sayelos Rilic ar Seuxsnia, arc ki miwolila skivrze, Tvalic ar miululavs, ise
Seabija sizmarSi. maSinve suli SeexuTa. mundiris sayelo gavarvarebuli rkinis saltesaviT
SemoeWdo kiserze. dabaCa viTom isev xelSi eWira, usaSvelod mZime da mouxerxebeli. verafriT
daemorCilebina, lulas xan gverdze waiRebda, xan maRla, rogorc saWmelze gaoCnebuli saxe-
dari _ Tavs. `droze qeni, adamiano, sircxvilia!~ _ eZaxda qvrivi, romelic imave dros giorgac
iyo da TaTaric. mere denTma daiSiSina, TeTri boli auSva da dambaCis lulam tyvia kurkasaviT
gadmoafurTxa. `me stumari var~, _ Tqva qaixosrom da carieli xelisgulebi amoatriala, radgan
iqamde dambaCa fexze Caicura, Cumad daagdo. `gerCia mogekali~, _ saxeSi Sescina TaTarma, ro-
melic imave dros qvrivic iyo da giorgac. `raRaceebi geSlebaT, me maiori ara var, me TbilisSi
davibade!~ _ iyvira qaixosrom da kibeze Cairbina. mis win viRac tanmorCili kaci midioda, Savi,
xSiri, boloebaprexili Tma hqonda, sakmaod gabinZurebuli zewari Semoexvia SiSvel tanze,
meqisesaviT, da mokle, quslebgamoxarSuli fexebic xis qoSebSi waeyo. midioda, mibakunobda
xriok ferdobze. `romeli xaro~, _ eZaxda qaixosro, kaci qirqilebda, viwro, qaluri mxrebi
ucaxcaxebda da SigadaSig amoiZaxebda xolme: `noe var, biWo, noeo~, qaixosro mSviddeboda,
TiTqos icnobda noes da isev mihyveboda, magram male aviwydeboda im kacis vinaoba da yvelaferi
Tavidan iwyeboda, qaixosros SeSfoTebaca da tanmorCili kacis qirqilic. uceb kacma zewari
wamoixada da iqve, qaixosros cxvirwin Cakuncxda. `ra cxviri amibzue, _ amosZaxa qvemodan. uwam-
wamo, pepelas frTebiviT mousvenari quTuToebi hqonda. _ muceli usircxviloa, cxovrebasa-
viTaa, verc sicarieles iTmens, verc sisavses. sul anda avso da acarielo, avso da acarielo.
iaraRi gadaagde?~ `gadavagde~, _ upasuxa qaixosrom. `muzaradi?~ `muzaradic~. `wadi da qva
Cade Sig. dagordeba da tyuilubralo xmaurs astexavs~. qaixosro daixara, qva unda Caedo mu-
zaradSi da uceb Tbilisuri almuri eca saxeSi. xriok ferdobze Tvali Caaceca da Tbilisi
II nawili
dainaxa, xvlikisferi, veragulad gatrunuli mdinaris gaRma-gamoRma. `gamanebe Tavi!~ _ SeuR-

rina qaixosrom. `nu uyureb, Tavbru dagexveva da waxdebi~, _ uTxra kacma. ukve wamomdgariyo,
isev maRla mibakunobda. qoSis Zirze daWmuWnuli, binZuri foToli ahkvroda. `gadarCi da,
raRa ginda, raRa gawuxebs?~ _ uTxra qaixosros. `gadavrCidagadavrCidagadavrCida...~ _ uazrod
423
gaimeora qaixosrom. `sikvdili advilia, gadarCena ki _ Zneli. yvelas ki ar SeuZlia~, _ uTxra
kacma. `gadavrCidagadavrCidagadavrCidagadavrCi~, _ isev gaimeora qaixosrom, Tumca sul sxva
raRacis Tqmas apirebda, arc ki icoda _ risa. kaci mibakunobda da isic mihyveboda. arc kacs
uTqvams da arc mas ukiTxavs, sad midiodnen. iara, iara da sibneleSi cxens gadaawyda. cxeni
SekrTa. albaT, eZina. mere patroni icno da daixvixvina, Camyudrovebuli, CamTbari, Ronieri
sicocxlis suni amoafrqvia. cis qveS ferdebi danamvoda, erTdroulad grilic iyo da cxelic,
SemaSfoTebelic da damamSvidebelic. Zlivs ikveTeboda sibnelisgan gazrdili misi sxeuli,
qveyanasaviT vrceli, Znelad gasagnebi.
_ mglis piri, Se oxero, rogor SemaSine! _ miesiyvarula cxens.
arsad ar enTo Suqi, uruqs eZina Rrma, sofluri, SesaSuri ZiliT. qaixosrom uneburad
iqiT gaixeda, saiTac qvrivis sarkmeli eguleboda, magram iqaurobac wyvdiads STaenTqa.
_ damacadon! _ uTxra cxens, _ iqneba TaTari sanatrelic gauxdeT!..
marTalia, im sazareli Ramis Semdeg qaixosro uruqis gmiri gaxda, magram sinamdvileSi
gmirobisgan Sors iyo, gmirisTvis yovlad Seuferebeli Cvenebebi evlineboda mamobilis ka-
ravSi, romelsac, vin icis, raRa ar gadaetana Tavisi pirveli binadris xelSi, ranairi cecxlisa
da RvarTqafisaTvis aRar gaeZlo Tavisi sifrifana kedlebiT, magram aqamde, SiSi ras erqva, ar
icoda. is tilos ubralo karavi iyo da nafiqraliTac iseve advilad iJRinTeboda, rogorc
wvimiT. iseve advilad emsgavseboda Tavis binadarsac, TavqveS xelebamowyobili, mis pawawina
TaRs miSterebuli, Sublis gauxsnelad, gauTaveblad rom fiqrobda. ara, adamians ki ar emsgav-
seboda, _ adamianis fiqrsa da guneba-ganwyobilebas. `kargad isvriano~ _ gaifiqrebda xolme
misi pirveli binadari, roca or nabijze gamskdari yumbara qvasa da miwas gruxuniT Seafrqvevda
kalTebze, da isic TiTqos aRtacebisgan TrToda. axla ki sxvanairi fiqrebi budobdnen mis
kedlebSi, axla SiSisa da siZulvilis sabudrad qceuliyo da axali binadariviT TviTonac wva-
lobda da itanjeboda RamRamobiT, Wvartlis suniTa da peplebis mtvriT sulSexuTuli. masac
ganuwyvetliv elandeboda xanjlis alaplapebuli wveri, grZnobda kidevac, rogor uWrida,
rogor Caufxrewda xolme ferds, raTa skivrze gaSxlarTul kacs miswvdenoda da yanyratoSi
Casoboda. mere ki oriveni erTnairad TrTodnen da caxcaxebdnen, isica da skivridan wamovar-
dnili kacic.
_ dagwvam! Cemi xeliT dagwvam! _ uyviroda kaci.
man ki laparaki ar icoda da Zalauneburad dumda. TiTqos marTla misi brali iyo, xanjal-
SemarTuli mkvleli rom elandeboda yovel wuTas mis axal binadars.
_ gamovixrCvi karavSi, mamao! _ SesCivla erT dRes qaixosrom zosime mRvdels.
isini orRobeSi Sexvdnen erTmaneTs. TiTqmis imave wuTas naxirma Camoiara da iZulebulni
gaxdnen, gverdze gamdgariyvnen, Robes ahkvrodnen, gaetarebinaT es tlanqi da mouridebeli
nakadi uwyinari arsebebisa, Tavebis qneviT, coxna-coxniTa da zmuiliT rom moabijebdnen sa-
kuTar surnelSi, sakuTar simxurvaleSi, rZesaviT sqelsa da webovan oxSivarSi.
_ ra wuTsac ginda, Svilo Cemo, ginda CemTan, ginda sxvisas. vin getyvis uars, _ uTxra zosime
mRvdelma. Tvalebi uJuJunebda, gulubryvilo, lamis bavSvuri Rimili dasTamaSebda svelsa
da wiTel tuCebze. _ Cvenma xalxma patiJi ar icis. erTxel getyvis, magram gulwrfelad.
qaixosro imitom ki ar gamoelaparaka mRvdels, odesRac uaryofili dapatiJeba rom gamo-
eZala axla (zosime mRvdelma Camosvlis dResve SesTavaza, masTan gadasaxlebuliyo, `sanam sa-
kuTar saxls moaTavebda~, sxvebic siamovnebiT Seikedlebdnen albaT, magram qaixosro karavSiac
mSvenivrad grZnobda Tavs da ubinaoba srulebiT ar awuxebda), amaze arc ufiqria, ubralod,
mRvdlis danaxvam Civilis xasiaTze daayena, undoda sxvisTvisac gadaedo gaunelebeli SiSi da
SeSfoTeba, mosvenebas rom aRar aZlevda, erTi wamiTac rom aRar eSveboda im sazareli Ramis
II nawili
Semdeg. marTlac, TviTon ratom unda yofiliyo am dReSi da RvTismsaxurs ratom unda evlo
arxeinad naTlobebsa Tu qelexebSi, roca swored rom mas evaleboda ezruna gansacdelSi Ca-
vardnil adamianze, daecva, gadaerCina, anda, ukidures SemTxvevaSi, nugeSi mainc eca misTvis.
_ magitom ar geubnebi, mamao. uRmerTobam gamomaxrCo karavSi! _ amoixriala qaixosrom.
_ RmerTs nu scodav, Svilo Cemo, karavic iseTive saxlia RvTisa, rogorc eklesia, _ Tqva
424
zosime mRvdelma.
isev ise uJuJunebda Tvalebi, isev ise dasTamaSebda Rimili svelsa da wiTel tuCebze. qai-
xosrosac gaeRima, magram RvarZlianad, gabriyvebuli kaciviT.
_ mere raRas ityviT, yelgamoWrils rom mnaxavT am karavSi? _ Tqva da gaocebulma gaxeda
menaxires, gaRrejili, qudmoSvlepili rom uqnevda Tavs. menaxires gadmoyrili, acabaca da
araTanabari kbilebi hqonda, TiTqos ki ar amosvlia, TviTon Causvamso da is Causvams, rac uSov-
nia, rac xelSi moxvedriao: Roris eSvi, spilenZis fuli, Wreli kenWi da SuSis natexi. gametebiT
utylaSunebda Solts nabolara Zroxebs atortmanebul TeZoebze, viTom rogora bedavT, ro-
gor ara grcxveniaT, es patiosani xalxi Tqveni mizeziT amdeni xani Robeze romaa akrulio. _ an
iqneb bednierebad unda CavTvalo moyvasisaTvis sikvdili?! _ xeli miuSvira menaxires, magram
zosime mRvdeli advilad mixvda, vis gulisxmobda maiori.
_ RmerTi samarTliania, RmerTi gadagixdis qvriv-oblis amags!.. _ Tqva zosime mRvdelma.
_ RmerTi? gadamixdis? riTi?! _ iyvira qaixosrom. _ mowamebrivi sikvdiliT?!
_ mowamebrivi sikvdili... _ gaimeora zosime mRvdelma da tuCebi ise gaawklapuna, TiTqos
Rvinos gemo gausinjao, _ kacma rom Tqvas, arc esaa cota!
_ ar minda. madlobeli var! _ naZaladevma Rimilma saxe daumaxinja qaixosros. _ yvela sik-
vdili erTnairia, mamao. yvela erTnairad yars.
_ codva yars da ara sikvdili! _ xmas auwia zosime mRvdelmac, Tumca isev keTilad, gulub-
ryvilod uJuJunebda Tvalebi.
_ aba, ori Tvis bavSvica da asi wlis beberic erTnairad codvili yofila! _ niSni mougo
qaixosrom.
_ asea. yvelani codvis Svilebi varT! _ Tqva zosime mRvdelma.
_ visi codvis? rodindeli codvis?! _ gacxarda uceb qaixosro. ZaRlma gaacxara _ Robis
iqiT Cacucquliyo mstovariviT da sveli, yuradRebiani TvalebiT Semoscqeroda. _ wadi, wadi,
Se upatrono! _ dauyvira ZaRls. _ rodemde unda vixadoT sxvisi valebi? _ miubrunda isev
mRvdels.
_ usasrulod, Svilo Cemo, usasrulod. sanam xels ar aviRebT codvaze, _ Tqva zosime
mRvdelma.
qaixosrom isev gaxeda ZaRls. ZaRlma saxe aarida. mere uxalisod wamoizlazna da ZunZuliT
gaecala iqaurobas.
_ usamarTloa Seni RmerTi, mamao, gindac me milaparaknia da gindac ZaRls dauymuvlia,
sulerTia misTvis. _ uceb gaCumda, Rimilma piri gauwela cal mxares. _ rogora TqviT? sanam
xels ar aviRebT codvazeo? _ CaekiTxa mRvdels. _ ai, Turme raSi yofila saqme. vin icis, raRas
ar fiqrobT Cemze...
_ cuds arafers... _ gaiRima zosime mRvdelma da mxridan cacxvis yvavili aacala. _ erTi kia,
TaTris adgilas, RmerTs madlobas Sevwiravdi gadarCenisaTvis da samudamod daviviwyebdi
uruqis gzas.
qaixosro saxtad darCa, odnav mRvdlisken gadaxrili. ver gaigo, guls ukeTebda Tu das-
cinoda es marad momRimari RvTismsaxuri. mRvdels cacxvis yvavili yunwiT eWira da abzria-
lebda. mere iseTi xmiT uTxra, RmerTma mSvidoba mogces, Sviloo, TiTqos marTla mamad ekuT-
vnoda, Tumca asakiTac da aRnagobiTac Zmebad ufro Sehferodnen erTmaneTs.
TaTris gaZevebis Semdeg qaixosro xSirad dadioda qvrivisas da es mTelma uruqma icoda,
arc maiori malavda da arc uruqelebs ukvirdaT maiorisa da qvrivis daaxloeba. albaT is ufro
gaukvirdebodaT, ase rom ar momxdariyo. maiori soflis TvalSi qvriv-oblis qomagi gamodi-
oda da, raki erTxel ekisra es RvTisnieri saqme, axla evaleboda kidec, bolomde gaetana.
maiori ki qvrivis saxlSi SiSsa da siZulvils dahyavda mxolod. sxva yvelanairi grZnoba gah-
qroboda, survilic, magram erTi dRec rom ar enaxa isini, dedaca da misi nabiWvaric, gulze
II nawili
gaskdeboda, gamouTqmeli boRma mouRebda bolos. is rom gaaxsendeboda, rogori avi mteri
gaeCina im oxrebis gulisTvis, sunTqva uCerdeboda, saxeze almuri gadasdioda da isev maTken
garboda, isev maTze rom eyara javri. àxla xom daisveneT, axla xom gaZRa Tqveni guli?!~ _
dahyviroda misi risxviT enaCavardnil deda-Svils, romlebsac eWvic ar eparebodaT, samarT-
425
lianad imsaxurebdnen maioris lanZRva-ginebas. maiori ar ukvirdeboda, magram deda-Svilis
siZulvilic iseve stanjavda, rogorc tkbilad mosagonari yazarmis siyvaruli. es ori grZnoba
erTnairi ZaliT uCenda ganuwyveteli urTierTobisa da ukiduresi siaxlovis moTxovnilebas,
rasac erT SemTxvevaSi bednier monad unda eqcia igi, meore SemTxvevaSi ki ubedur monaTmflo-
belad. deda-Svilis siaxlove maiors ara marto geslis amonTxevaSi Sveloda, garkveul sia-
movnebasac aniWebda, marTalia, mtkivneulsa da amazrzens, magram mainc siamovnebas, rogorc
Cirqiani muwukis gamorwyva. xolo zosime mRvdelTan bolo saubris Semdeg am siaxlovem kidev
erTi, moulodneli gamarTleba SeiZina. mRvdelTan saubarma maiori, ase Tu ise, mainc daamSvida
da, rac mTavaria, gansjis unari daubruna. gana mRvdels ar Seetyoboda, sagangaSod rom hqonoda
maiors saqme? an aqedan gadakargvas urCevda, an eklesiaSi gamoketavda, anda mTel sofels da-
ayenebda fexze. magram mRvdels TaTari aRarc axsovda, qvrivis logins qeqavda, axla maiori
rom aRmoeCina Sig, da bilwi mususiviT awklapunebda tuCebs. maioris SeSfoTeba sicilad ar
hyofnida, eqimiviT iRimeboda, bliT gamZRari bavSvis gasasinjad rom mouyvaniaT, da iqneb
marTlac sasacilo iyo yvelaferi, iqneb TaTari marTlac miwas hkocnida alahis ferxTiT da
madlobas swiravda, Sublis magivrad xeli rom gauxvrites sxvis bostanSi ZromialisTvis?
ara, es naklebad dasajerebelia, radgan TaTars araferi sWirda samadlobeli. magram, wesiT,
aRarc maiorTan Widaobis xalisi unda SerCenoda. yvelafers rom Tavi gavaneboT, maiori TaT-
risTvis namdvili maiori iyo, ese igi _ armia, saxelmwifo, da rodis yofila, qurdsa da avazaks
saxelmwifoze eZios Suri, ratom gviSli qurdobasa da avazakobaso. qurdi da avazaki Tavisnair
qurdsa da avazaks udgas kriWaSi, imasTana aqvs didi guli, Torem saxelmwifosgan nasrol tyvias
yovelTvis damsaxurebulad, samarTlianad Tvlis da, Tuki tyvia iq ar moxvda, sadac saWiroa,
gverdze gadgeba xolme, beds Seguebuli, raTa qveyanas Tavi daaviwyos da, Tu samudamod ver
moiSala, droebiT mainc aiRos xeli misTvis egzom saxifaTo xelobaze. aqedan gamomdinare,
TaTarsac, samudamod Tu ara, karga xans unda daeviwyebina qvrivi. xolo, dakarguls Tu ver
moinelebda, amouyreli javri Tu Seawuxebda da mainc aqnevinebda pirs uruqisken, maSin raRa
maincdamainc maiors daetakeboda, roca misi pativmoyvareobis dasakmayofileblad sulerTi
iqneboda, sameulis romeli wevris sisxliT gainaRdebda vals. maiori marto rom yofiliyo,
maSin TaTaric marto mas dauwyebda Zebnas da ufro adviladac miagnebda, xolo es sameuli erT
ojaxad, erT arsebad Tu iqceoda TaTris dabrunebamde, maioris gamocalkevebas azri aRar
eqneboda, radgan TavisTavad danarCeni ori wevris fasica da mniSvnelobac gaizrdeboda. ojax-
ze rom Suri iZio, aucilebeli ar aris mTeli ojaxis amowyveta, anda maincdamainc ojaxis uf-
rosis mokvla, radgan ojaxis ufross, xanjalze metad, colis an Svilis, anda orives erTdro-
ulad dakargva mouRebs bolos. es ki TaTarsac unda scodnoda, TaTrisTvisac savaldebulo
iyo amis codna, radgan amgvari SurisZieba ufro samarTliani iqneboda da Taviseburad mom-
xibvlelic. àrc Sen da arc me!~ _ rogorc namdvil vaJkacebs SehferiT. kaci bWobda da RmerTi
icinodao, magram xom SeiZleboda, erTxel mainc dasjdomoda WkuaSi RmerTs kacis bWoba? ma-
Sin? maSin sisulele iyo da meti araferi, amden dros tyuilubralod rom hkargavda da pir-
naTlad damsaxurebul jildos ar Txoulobda qvrivisagan. maiors, raRa Tqma unda, SeeZlo
colad ar SeerTo ana da ise daekmayofilebina survili. saamiso ufleba, rogorc TviTon fiq-
robda, mopovebuli hqonda da, albaT, anasac ase erCia, xasobas ufro iyo miCveuli, vidre co-
lobas, radgan qmarTan Tu ori Tve ecxovra mxolod, TaTari mTeli aTi weli daudioda. garda
amisa, romel sulels mouva azrad, Sin gaaxaros xexili, Tuki, roca moesurveba, maSin miva
xesTan da ramdenic moesurveba, imden nayofs Seawyvets? arc gaberwebuli qali undoda maiors
colad. SeiZleba ana am aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi raRaceebs eSmakobda, mucels iSlida, magram
mainc saeWvo iyo, kidev Tu gauCndeboda bavSvi kanonieri qmris xelSi. Tumca anas SerTviT
marto cols ki ar Soulobda maiori, aramed col-Svils, giorga iyo ager, gamzadebuli, da
bolos da bolos, ra mniSvneloba aqvs, visi naTeslaria bavSvi, Tuki Sens Wkuaze gazrdi da Seni
II nawili
sityvis gamtarebeli iqneba. mokled, axla asarCevad ar hqonda saqme, saswrafod unda SeerTo
coli da is coli aucileblad ana unda yofiliyo. maiors arc ainteresebda, ras fiqrobda am
sakiTxze ana, Tanaxma iqneboda Tu ara misi colobisa, amis gamokiTxva Tavis damcirebadac miaCnda
da amitomac, azrze mosvlac ar acala, maSinve ZaliT gadaaqcia taxtze, rogorc ki marto moi-
426
xelTa igi. anam misi Zaladobac iseve gulgrilad da morCilad miiRo, rogorc misi lanZRva-
gineba, TiTqos arc ainteresebda, ras uSvrebodnen, TiTqos araferi momxdariyo moulodneli,
da yoveldRiur, Zval-rbilSi gamjdarsa da usaSvelod mobezrebul movaleobas asrulebda.
qalis ugrZnobelobam uaresad Seuracxyo maiori, vidre uari, anda Semokruli sila Seurac-
xyofda, magram axla butiaobisTvis ar ecala, didxans naTmeni vneba dolabiviT eqaCeboda qve-
viT, qalis uZiro, usasrulo sibnelesa da sirbileSi. xolo, roca giorga wamoadgaT Tavze,
erTi ki gaifiqra, esec xom ar momiwyes am oxrebmao, albaT, winaswar iyvnen molaparakebulni
da imitom ar moerida, dRisiT, mzisiT imitom wamomiplaka fexebio. taxtis kideze Camomjdari
ana veluri kamiT gamZRari gveliviT icremleboda. albaT, sixarulisgan (cota hqonda sasixa-
rulo? xelmwifis tola kaci Caegdo xelSi tiliani TaTris sanacvlod). misi nabiWvari ki ise
brecda tuCebs, ise iWmuxnida Subls, TiTqos dedamiss ar gaefrTxilebinos, winaswar Cvens
danaxvaze sicili ar wagcdes da Tavi ise daiWire, TiTqos pirvelad xedavde amisTana sisaZag-
leso. maiorma, cotas morCa, jer kidev Seukravi qamari gadauWira orives, magram ixtibari
aRar gaitexa, CaTrevas Cayola amjobina, isev qvriv-oblis qomagis momxibvlelma saxelma ga-
dasZlia da Semrigeblurad momRimarma uTxra giorgas: ras mibRver, ras memarTlebi, es Tu
Seni dedaa, Cemi coliao.
1976
imsjeleT, rogor ayalibebs qaixosros xasiaTs mis mexsierebaSi Semonaxuli aRa-

mahmad-xanis Semosevis ambavi.
imsjeleT Temaze _ qaixosro da samSoblos cneba.
ras niSnavs qaixosrosTvis rusuli jari, ras povebs igi aq, ra Tvisebebs iZens.
ganixileT da SeafaseT qaixosros da yaflanis urTierToba, aseve qaixosros damo-
kidebuleba yaflanis memkvidreobisadmi.
gaaanalizeT emociebi, grZnobebi, romlebic qaixosros yaflanis nasaxlarTan akav-
Sirebs.
rogor warmoCndeba qaixosros da giorgas urTierTobis warmmarTavi motivebi.
Tqveni azriT, ra fsiqologiuri impulsebia mTavari qaixosros, qvrivis da TaTris
urTierTdamokidebulebaSi.
rogor fiqrobT, ra fsiqologiuri motivebi ganapirobebs qaixosros mier TaTris
daWras.
rogor ixateba qaixosros sulieri mdgomareoba TaTris daWris Semdeg; gaaanalizeT
qaixosros sizmari _ rogor mJRavndeba aq am personaJis gancdebi, mTavari miswrafeba;
imsjeleT bibliuri noes saxeze, mis mniSvnelobaze; rogor ganwyobas aRgiZravT es saxe
da ratom.
daaxasiaTeT zosimes da qaixosros urTierToba, am urTierTobaSi gamovlenili maTi
buneba, msoflxedva; imsjeleT Temaze _ qaixosro da religia.
ganixileT da SeafaseT qaixosros damokidebuleba giorgasa da anasadmi TaTarTan
Setakebis Semdeg.
imsjeleT fsiqologiur impulsebze, romlebic qaixosros ojaxis Seqmnisken ubiZ-
geben; ras daefuZneba es ojaxi.
Tqveni azriT, rogoria mimarTeba qaixosros saxes da aristokratul-raindul fa-
seulobebs Soris.
mTlianobaSi SeafaseT qaixosros saxe; rogoria Tqveni azri am personaJis Sesaxeb,
II nawili
Tqveni emociuri damokidebuleba misdami da ratom.

imsjeleT mwerlis mier warmosaxuli suraTis simbolur planze _ rogor warmoC-
ndeba aq axali da Secvlili, damoukideblobis damkargveli saqarTvelos bedi da raoba.
imsjeleT TviTgadarCenis motivze oTar WilaZis romanis fragmentSi da `mrisxane
batonSi~. 427
kritikuli azri
guram asaTiani
oTar WilaZe xasiaTebs xatavs, magram — ara mxolod. is amave dros xatavs sxvadasxva msof-
lmxedvelobas, sxvadasxva pozicias, cxovrebisa da moqmedebis sxvadasxva wess, sxvadasxva Tval-
sazriss cxovrebaze. es mxolod zosime mRvdels ar exeba, romelic, sxvebTan SedarebiT, ufro
aSkarad gamoxatavs Tavis kredos. igive iTqmis sxvebzec, kerZod, romanis mTavar personaJze.
qaixosro marto xasiaTi ar aris. es aris, amave dros, principi, romelic cxovrebisa da am
xasiaTis urTierTobis Sedegad gamomuSavda.
qaixosro TiTqmis tragikuli xasiaTia, TiTqmis, — vinaidan mas aklia tragikuli xasiaTis
erTi Tviseba: `mozRvavebuli ubedurebis~ winaSe aRmoCenili, mSobliuri nafuZaridan fesve-
bianad amoglejili, is welSi gamarTvas da SebrZolebas ki ar cdilobs, mxolod gadasarCen
soros daeZebs, rom suli moiTqvas. maradiuli SiSia Camdgari mis sulSi da es SiSi `maradiuli
Tanxmobis~ principad iqceva.
qaixosro epoqaluri xasiaTia. is gansaxierebaa Cveni erovnuli organizmis im nawilisa,
romelmac axal droSi, axal istoriul viTarebaSi gadarCenis elementaruli, biologiuri
gza airCia. es aris konformizmis erovnuli, Cveni erovnuli istoriiT gapirobebuli nairsa-
xeoba. da, amave dros, zogadadamianuri, garkveuli TvalsazrisiT maradiuli xasiaTi. speci-
fikuri erovnul-istoriuli niSnebi xels ar uSlian am xasiaTs iyos yveladroindeli dacemis,
degradirebis gamomxatveli saxe.
`vaJkacoba Tavis gamodeba da sikvdili ki araa, — ambobs qaixosro, — aramed gadarCena,
radac ar unda dagijdes igi~.
`gadarCena~ aq negatiuri, Tavisive WeSmariti Sinaarsis uarmyofeli mniSvnelobiT war-
mogvidgeba. aq is faqtiurad daRupvis, Sinagani damxobis, TviTlikvidaciis sinonimia. `ga-
darCena~ im gziT, romelsac qaixosro gulisxmobs, sikvdils udris.
misi biologiuri konformizmi bolomde gaSiSvlebulia, TiTqmis mTlianadaa moklebuli
raime esTetikur safarvels, raime garegan, Tundac moCvenebiT brwyinvalebas (garda saeWvo
gziT naSovni epoletebisa).
qaixosro centraluri figuraa romanSi — kompoziciuradac, da rac mTavaria, msoflmxed-
velobrivadac. is romanis centrSi dgas da TiTqmis yvela saxe am nawarmoebisa, yvela xasiaTi
mas upirispirdeba, ase Tu ise ganzidulia am centrisgan. TiTqmis yvela mTavari personaJis
xasiaTi qaixosrosTan dapirispirebis Sedegad ixsneba bolomde, masTan Sexebis wertilSi
mJRavndeba gansakuTrebiT mkafiod.
qaixosros ideologiuri antipodia mama zosime, misi samudamod miZinebuli da am ZilSi
ganleuli sindisis, rwmenisa da kacTmoyvareobis amao mCxrekeli.
TaTari qaixosros upirispirdeba Tavisi temperamentiT, xasiaTis silaRiT da vnebis ve-
luri uSualobiT, e. i. im TvisebebiT, rac SiSnaWam maiors mTlianad atrofirebuli aqvs. garda
amisa, TaTari maiorTan dapirispirebulia simboluri planiTac, rogorc misi winamorbedi
mtarvali da moZalade.
ana romanis centralur personaJs upirispirdeba, rogorc msxverpli jalaTs, rogorc
misi laCruli sisastikis sacdeli qva, rogorc gasaTel sagnad qceuli arseba, romelSic am
meToduri Zaldatanebis Sedegad SurisZiebis yovlismSTanTqmeli energia iRviZebs...
oTar WilaZis romani fsiqologiuri romania. es SeuiaraRebeli TvaliTac moCans. fsiqo-

logiuri wiaRsvlebi TiTqmis yovel nabijze gvxvdeba. aq adamianis fsiqikis iseTi xveulebia
gamovlenili, iseTi Sreebi SiSvldeba, imdeni erTmaneTis gadamkveTi, urTierTgamapirobebe-
II nawili
li Tu gamabaTilebeli impulsebia zogjer koncentrirebuli erT Sinagan moZraobaSi, rom

yovelive es TavisTavad, am romanis sxva komponentebis gareSec, savsebiT sakmarisi iqneboda,
raTa qarTvel mkiTxvels gonebis sazrdod gamosdgomoda.
ai, ras ganicdis maiori TaTris daWris Semdeg (am pasaJs gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs
qaixosros bunebis gasagebad, radgan Cven mas aq pirvelad vxedavT krizisul mdgomareobaSi):
428
`TaTari javrs ar SeirCenda. es maiorsac egrZno ukve, xmaze Seetyo, roca TaTarze Tqva: unda
momeklao. aqedanac Seetyo, aivanze Tavis mosawoneblad ki ar iyo gadmomdgari, aramed SiSs
gaeognebina, xolo rogorc ki cota gamoerkva, rogorc ki warmoidgina, ra SeiZleboda mohyo-
loda am bnelsa da CaxuTul Rames, maSinve Tungsa da saxvevs staca xeli da fareSiviT Camour-
benina TaTars. dabejiTebiT arafris Tqma ar SeiZleba, iqneb Seecoda kidec daWrili adamiani,
marto darCenili xeebis Ziras Camobudebul wyvdiadSi, da mamakacurma erTsulovnebam aiZula
misuliyo masTan, sisxli moebana, natyviari Seexvia, gaeziarebina misi usaSvelo sevda da si-
martove~.
aq avtoris sityvebi: `dabejiTebiT arafris Tqma ar SeiZleba~ ubralo TavisdazRvevis
mizniT ar aixsneba. qaixosros fsiqikaSi erTdroulad, marTlac, ramdenime impulsi gaivlis:
siZulvilic, mtris mospobis wadilic, SiSic, da, amave dros, Secodebis, ucnauri erTsulov-
nebis gancdac.
oTar WilaZis romanSi aris mTeli rigi adgilebisa, sadac erTi xelis mosmiT gaxsnilia
mesakuTruli instinqtebis uimedod Sekruli kvanZebi, sxvagan moulodneli SuqiT naTdeba
ganuviTarebeli cnobierebis yvelaze bneli jurRmulebi, rom araferi darCes gaurkveveli,
bundovani, ganuCxrekeli.
avtoris ostatobis Tavisebureba imaSi mJRavndeba, rom simboluroba, Cveulebriv, arsad

ar avlens Tavis Tavs SiSvlad, TiTqmis arsad ar axdens Zaldatanebas realobaze, ar spobs
sinamdvilis, namdvilobis iluzias.
am Taviseburebis gasaTvalsaCinoeblad axali kategoriebis moSvelieba dagvWirdeba. es
kategoriebia: `romantikuli~ da `naturalisturi~.
`naturalizmSi~ aq igulisxmeba yvelaferi, rac dakavSirebulia `naturis~, bunebis, niv-
Tieri, saerTod xilvadi samyaros ase Tu ise zust asaxvasTan; xolo `romantikulSi~ is, rac
mwerals Seaqvs am `naturaSi~, rac sakuTriv xelovnebidan modis, rac upiratesad gulisa da
gonebis warmonaqmnia da ara realobisa.
`naturalisturi~ nakadi mJRavndeba xasiaTebis Seuferav xatvaSic, zogierTi fiziolo-
giuri momentis sagangebo warmoCenaSi, xazgasmul `prozaizmebSi~ da aseve e. w. sityvieri na-
turalizmis sakmaod xSir elementebSi.
meore (`romantikuli~) nakadis gamovlinebis mTavari formebia metaforizmi da simbolika.
metaforizmi yvelaze mSobliuri stiqiaa oTar WilaZisTvis.
`jars pirquSi daRliloba da saerTo, damamunjebeli sevda daufleboda, dacalkevebas,
piradul sevdad qcevas rom ver aswrebs drois simciris gamo da yrud, TiTqmis sasiamovnodac
bJuis sadRac, sulis romeliRac kunWulSi, rogorc CeqmaSi gamoxarSuli fexi~.
es aris ara adamianis, pirovnebis gacnobierebuli sulieri mdgomareoba, aramed is, rac
uazrod gaerTianebul, brbod, usaxo masad qceul individTa modunebul Segnebas eufleba.
amitom bJuis igi `yrud~ da `TiTqmis sasiamovnodac~. jariskacis `CeqmaSi gamoxarSuli fexi~,
cxadia, poetizmad ver CaiTvleba. garkveuli TvalsazrisiT es antipoeturi saxea. magram si-
zuste da sruli organuloba am saxisa mas eWvmiutanel esTetikur Rirebulebas aniWebs, vina-
idan TviT Sedareba da Sedarebis sagani aq harmoniul mTlianobas qmnian.
(`proza da poezia~)
qaixosro makabelis mTavari Tvisebebi kritikosis TvalTaxedviT.

qaixosro makabelis kredo.
II nawili
qaixosros saxis istoriul-erovnuli Sinaarsi.

nawarmoebis mTlianobaSi qaixosros figuris adgilis gansazRvra.
mwerlis fsiqologizmis daxasiaTeba da Sefaseba.
`romantikulis~ da `naturalisturis~ ganmartebebi.
429
konkretuli saxis analizi; ra kriteriumiT afasebs kritikosi am saxes.
davaleba
kritikosis msjelobis moSveliebiT ganixileT qaixosro makabelis saxe.

kritikosis mosazrebebis gaTvaliswinebiT ganixileT qaixosros Sinagani cxovrebis
mTliani suraTi _ misi emociebis, grZnobebis, ganwyobilebebis, fiqrebis mdinareba da cvla;
gamoyaviT romelime gansakuTrebiT rTuli fsiqologiuri wiaRsvla da gaaanalizeT igi.
miuTiTeT fragmentSi is saxe (metafora, Sedareba, asociacia), romelsac yvelaze
STambeWdavad miiCnevT da kritikosis msjelobaze dayrdnobiT daasabuTeT, ratom
fiqrobT ase, raSi xedavT am saxis Rirsebas.
moiZieT fragmentSi da ganixileT `naturalizmis~ konkretuli gamovlinebebi,
romelzec kritikosi laparakobs.
citata
simona veili
fesvebis qona, SesaZloa, adamianis sulis yvelaze mniSvnelovani moTxovnileba iyos. ada-
mians fesvebi aqvs adamianuri erTobis cxovrebaSi realuri, aqtiuri da bunebrivi monawile-
obis wyalobiT, erTobis, romelic cocxlad inaxavs warsulis danatovars. yoveli adamiani
eswrafis, rom moraluri, inteleqtualuri, sulieri arsebobis mTeli sisavse aRiqvas im ga-
remos meSveobiT, romelsac bunebrivad ekuTvnis.
ufesvoba, ueWvelia, yvelaze saSiSi daavadebaa im daavadebaTa Soris, romlebic adamianTa
erTobas SeiZleba moedos, radgan igi Zalian advilad vrceldeba. fesvebdakarguli arsebebi
TiTqmis yovelTvis orgvarad iqcevian: an sikvdilis msgavs sulier leTargiaSi iZirebian, an
mTlianad inTqmebian moqmedebaSi, romelic imisken aris mimarTuli, rom fesvebi daaglijos
maT, visac isini jer kidev SerCenili aqvs.
komentari
nihilizmi (laT. nihil _ araferi, arara) _ specifikuri msoflmxedveloba, msoflgancda

_ meoce saukunis azrovnebis da kulturis, literaturis erT-erTi arsebiTi Temaa. nihilizmi
Zalas da mniSvnelobas arTmevs Zireul realobebs, faseulobebs _ RmerTs, WeSmaritebas da
gonebas, sikeTes da mSvenierebas, siyvaruls, ojaxs, samSoblos da kacobriobas, humanurobas...
nihilists ar swams, rom is, rasac tradiciulad absoluturi Rirebuleba eniWeboda, ndobas
da pativiscemas imsaxurebs; ar swams, rom samyaros da adamianis arsebobas raime azri da mizani
aqvs, rom progresi SesaZlebelia, Tumca sakmaod xSirad amgvari urwmunoeba Tavisi Tavis Tu
sxvebis mosatyueblad principebis erTgulebiT iniRbeba. gasagebia, rom nihilisti veraferTan
da veravisTan seriozul, Rrma sulier kavSirs ver amyarebs, Sinaganad yvelafrisgan da yve-
waikiTxoT
lasgan gaucxoebulia, upirvelesad ki gaucxoebulia sakuTari adamianuri, humanuri arsisgan.

nihilisturi cnobierebis krizisuloba, faseulobaTagan daclili cxovrebis tragizmi
girCevT
gamJRavnebulia meoce saukunis cnobil romanebSi, magaliTad, folkneris `xmaursa da mZvin-

varebaSi~, kamius ùcxoSi~, markesis àswlian martoobaSi~ da `patriarqis SemodgomaSi~.
romanis nawyvetis konkretul momentebze miTiTebiT daaxasiaTeT qaixosro makabeli

rogorc ufesvobis da nihilizmis gansaxiereba.
II nawili
Tqven ras fiqrobT ufesvobaze da nihilizmze _ ramdenad iCens Tavs es movlenebi Cvens
cxovrebaSi.
simona veili (1909-1943) _ frangi filosofosi

alber kamiu (1913-1960) _ frangi mwerali da filosofosi
430 gabriel garsia markesi (1928) _ kolumbieli mwerali
daviT kldiaSvili
samaniSvilis dedinacvali
I
bekina samaniSvili, rasakvirvelia, Raribi aznauri

iyo, gvariani Raribic. aba, ra simdidres moaswavebda
is ocdaaTi uremi simindi, ormoci Cafi Rvino da aTi-
ode baTmani lobio, mis mamuls rom Semohqonda da ri-
Tac Tavs irCenda wlidan-wlamdis bekinas ojaxi. mag-
ram bekinas ki Tavisi Tavi mdidrebSi mohqonda da vin
iqneboda, rom Tavis siRaribeze erTi sityva wamoec-
devinebina bekinasTvis? rogorc imereTSi amboben, er-
Tob gadapranWuli iyo Cveni bekina.
roca SinaurobaSiac laparaks gaabamda bekina Tavis
gamoulevel sarCoze, Ronier lukmaze, misi erTader-
Ti colSviliani vaJiSvili platoni, Tumca trabaxo-
bad miaCnda moxucebuli mamis aseTi sityva, mainc aras
eubneboda sawinaaRmdegos da mxolod pirjvris gamo-
saxviT ityoda xolme:
_ amazedac gmadlob, ufalo! amazedac gmadlob,
ufalo! am wamoZaxiliT platoni Tavis guliTad mad-
lobas ucxadebda zecier mamas, rom Semcilebeli ara-
vin gauCina mas Rarib lukmaSi. Tavis cotazedac kma-
yofili, am Tavis mcirediTac bednieri, igi gulmod-
ginebiT urtyamda Toxs miwas da ojaxSi sruli kmayo-
fileba sufevda. scena rusTavelis Teatris speqtaklidan
Tu ram sawyenad hqonda am ojaxs, es iyo platonis `samaniSvilis dedinacvali~; platoni _ gi-
orgi gegeWkori, kirile _ ramaz CxikvaZe; re-
colis melanos xSiri Svilosnoba. yovel saojaxo saq-
Jisorebi _ robert sturua, Temur CxeiZe.
meSi marjve melanom SvilosnobaSiac ar daagdo Tavisi
simarjve da sul mokle xanSi oTxi Svili SesZina ojaxs. xSirad uxumria amaze rZlisaTvis bekinas
da uTqvams RimiliT:
_ Se qalo, zog saqmeSi simarjve margebeli ki ara, mavnebelicaa... e Seni qmari Seibrale, Se
kargo qalo! _ da amasTan bekina gulianad gadixarxarebda xolme.
_ araferia... SiSs gulSi nu SouSob... RmerTi mowyalea Tavis gaCenils umowyalod ar daag-
debs, venacvale mis Zlierebas, yorifeli misi nebaa. albaT, surs, rom samaniSvilebi moamravlos.
masac qveynad mxolod rCeulebi unda rom hyavdes! xa, xa, xa!..
arc platons hqonda sasiamovnod, rasakvirvelia, bevri Svili, magram ras izamda, mxolod
Tavs gaaqnevda, roca maT Tvals gadaavlebda xolme.
am garemoebis garda sxvebr swored bednierad sTvlidnen samaniSvilebi TavianT Tavs. dro-
ebam ise moitana, rom maTi mcire qonebac ki simdidred iTvleboda, da mis mqonebels ara Tu
akmayofilebda, aramed bednierad agrZnobinebda TavisTavs da madlobas warmoaTqmevinebda
II nawili
uflisadmi.
ra SesaSurebeli unda yofiliyo ase cotaze damyarebuli kmayofileba da bedniereba?! ra
saxarbielo unda yofiliyo kacis mouTxovnelobiT mopovebuli gulis simSvide?! magram bed-
Cafi _ daaxloebiT Teqvsmeti litri

baTmani _ daaxloebiT rva kilogrami
431
niereba, ragvaric unda iyos, vis SerCenia bolomdis, rom samaniSvilisas fexi moedga mWidrod?
an ki ra safiqrebeli iyo, rom ase cotaTi Semotyuebuli bedniereba isev cota mizeziTve xe-
lidan ar gamoeclebodaT, sust safuZvelze damyarebuli kmayofileba ar moespobodaT!.. ube-
durebis dasawyisad bedma mouspo dRe sawyal marikas, bekinas cols.
dedis sikvdili TavisTavadac mware iyo SvilisaTvis, rom sxvafrivac samwuxaro ar yofi-
liyo. bekina metad Warmagi moxucebuli iyo da amis gamo saSiSari iyo, ucnauri survili meore
colis SerTvisa gulSi ar gavleboda. dedinacvlis danaxvis SiSi da dedinacvalTan ”Tan-mom-
yolisa” Tavzarsa scemda aqamdis guldamSvidebiT mcxovrebel aznaurs. ai, maSin iqneboda swo-
red ”Zma ZmisTviso _ Savi dRisTviso”.
colmac da qmarmac gaaorkeces moxucebuli mamis pativiscema da movla; oriveni gafaci-
cebiT Tavs dastrialebdnen daqvrivebul bekinas da TavgamodebiT emsaxurebodnen, TvalSi
Sehyurebdnen, rom yovel mis survilsa da sawadels misagan gamoTqmamdis mimxvdariyvnen da
imwamsve aesrulebinaT. erTi sityviT, platonic da melanoc dRedaRam imis mecadineobaSi iy-
vnen, rom moxucebulis guli moegoT da TavianTi Tavi SeeyvarebinaT, rac SeiZleboda, metad.
amaSi kidevac miaRwies Tavis wadils. bekina didad afasebda rZal-Svilisagan yuradRebas, metad
madlieri iyo maTi da gulaCvilebuli, kidevac ityoda xolme maTTanac da sxvebTanac:
_ eh, erTi Cems marikasac dascloda amisTana yofna, amaTTana RvTisnieri Svilebis mzera!
hei, hei! _ Tan amoioxrebda xolme am sityvebTan erTad bekina.
amis gamgon col-qmars imedi eZleoda, rom bekina metad daSorebuli unda yofiliyo raime
maT sawyen saqciels da bolos kidec sruliad guli daimSvides. magram bekinas am kmayofilebasa
da gancxromaSi, Svilebis siyvarulTan erTad sxvadasxvanairi natvrac gulSi epareboda da
droTa ganmavlobaSi ejineboda... im sasiamovno mdgomareobaSi, mas rom eRirsa, ufro siamov-
nebiT, ufro tkbilad igrZnobda TavisTavs, Tavisi Sesaferisi amxanagic rom hyoloda vinme...
ase fiqrobda gunebaSi bekina da es azri, Semdeg survilad gadaqceuli, bolos aucilebel
wadilad gadaeqca mis gunebaSi, ase rom moagvaros, bednierTa ubednieresi kaci iqneboda. misi
azriT eg misi wadili mis mosiyvarule Svilebs arc ki unda swyenodaT.
_ gana Cems kargad yofnaze ar mecadineoben?!. rasakvirvelia, ar ewyinebaT! _ ajerebda
TavisTavs bekina. _ an ki raze unda ewyinoT?.. cudi mama viyavi maTTvis Tu?.. sacxovrebeli ara
aqvT Cemgan Cabarebuli Tu? sul maT xom ver Sevwirav Cems Tavs, Tumca, RmerTia mowame, rarigad
mageni me miyvaran?.. arc ewyinebaT, ara... ar SeiZleba, rom ewyinoT!.. me rom imaT vuyvarvar!..
ase fiqrobda bekina da imiT gaaTava, rom erT dRes kaci miugzavna Svils da gamoucxada
Tavisi survili colis Txovisa.
advili warmosadgenia, rarigad moxvdeboda platonis guls amis gagoneba.
_ mRupav, mama? _ mivida igi bekinasTan. _ mRupav? danas miyri yelSi?.. ratom mimeteb, Seni
Wirime?! _ Zlivs warmosTqva platonma da, xmaCawyvetilma, unugeSod xelebi gaSala.
_ gRupav?!. raTa, Svilo, raTa?.. SenisTana Svili unda daRupos mamam?!
_ aba raa?.. _ da isev sityva gauSra platons.
_ kargi, Tu giyvarde, kargi! _ mxiarulad SesZaxa bekinam. _ Se kargo kaco, me erTi bebruxana
movaTrio, Sen ratom unda daiRupo, Svilo?! ra dagRupavs, Tu giyvarde?
_ Svili geyoleba...
_ xa, xa, xa! _ gadixarxara bekinam da sityva gaawyvetina platons. _ Svili geyolebao... xa, xa,
xa!.. raRa dros Cemi Svilia, Se kaco!.. xa, xa, xa!
_ mama... Sen nu momikvdebi, sikvdilis msgavs saqmes mipireb!..
_ erTi Sen! dajinebulad laparakob dRes, platon!.. dedaberma rava unda SegaSinos, Se gla-
II nawili
xako? ase ratom unda Sewuxde?!. eg Seni SiSi, mamaSvilobam, sruliad usafuZvloa... rame gevnebaT
ki ara, Tu damijereb, sasargebloc iqneba; sawyal melanos cota SeRavaTi mainc miecema, Tvara
aRaraa qali!.. uWirs erT adamians, Teli ojaxi kiserze awevs!..
_ batono, melanos jafas ras deeZeb, Sen nu...
432 ejineboda _ (aq) Jinad eqceoda
_ ratom ras deveZeb?! _ gaawyvetina sityva bekinam. _ ratom ar deveZeb... isic Svili araa
Cemi?
_ batono, Sen sxvebr Segvibrale da Cvens jafas nu kiTxulob, nu dardob... RmerTs jafi-
saTvis vyavarT gaCenili!.. _ eubneboda platoni. _ mama, Seni Wirime, gadaTqvi colis Txova da
ra ginda Cemgan!..
_ nu xar jiniani, Svilo!.. _ Seutia bekinam. _ marto Sens Tavze ki ar unda ifiqro adamianma!
platons ewyina es ukanaskneli sityva mamisagan da kuStad uTxra:
_ batono, droc ki aRaraa Seni colis Txovis!
bekinam qoriviT gadaxeda Svils da welSi gaimarTa.
_ eriha!! _ SesZaxa man, _ eriha, ra davardnili me mnaxe?! TqvenisTana axalgazrdebs kidev
erT aTs erTad vajobeb janiTac, simrTeliTac, SexedulebiTac da vaJkacobiTac!.. ara Svilo,
magi sul tyvilia, sul tyvilia!.. raSi Sematyve daZabuneba!.. hm!.. _ da bekinam marjvena xeliT
Seibertya Tavisi grZeli gaWaRaravebuli wveri da mere TavmowonebiT gadigrixa lamazi ul-
vaSebi. _ ara, Svilo! _ miuaxlovda bekina Svils da mxarze xeli daado. _ ara, Svilo, magisTana
laparaks Tavi daanebe... RmerTma ise Cemi suli Seiyvaros, ravarc me Tqven miyvardeT da man
icodes Tu me TqvenTvis cudi rame gulSi medos... arc ifiqroT, rom CemgniT Tqven, rame danak-
lisi ki ara, ubralo wyenac SegxvdeT!.. magram nurc Tqven gajindebiT, Svilebo!.. RmerTma icis
da yvelac xedavs, rom ara giWirT-ra: miwac sakmaod gaqvT, Tu sxvaze meti ara, wyalic, saxlic,
karic... tyec da velic!.. (es ki meti wamoscda bekinas _ tye sruliad ara hqonebia). samwuxaro ra
gaqvT?! RmerTi ufro met mowyalebas mogcemsT, ufro giwinamZRvrebT, Tu mec momxedavT, Se-
minaxavT da Cemi ukanaskneli dReebis gamwarebas ar indomebT... ra vqna, Svilo, mec kaci var, mec
adamiani var!.. myoleboda dedaSeni cocxali, hei, Svilo, CemisTana bednieri qveyanaze kaci ar
iqneboda!.. magram ras izam... ufalma ase ineba da dRes nu amitydebiT, nu ameSlebiT. Tqven rom
kargebi xarT, sxvas, gareSes nu aTqmevinebo, moxucebuli mama Seawuxeso... ise momeqeciT, rogorc
qe xarT, kai, mSoblis mosiyvarule Svilebi... RmerTi dagifasebT da amisaTvis kidec dagajil-
dovebT, yovel gansacdels agaridebT!.. kargis _ RmerTic kargi mwyalobelia, Svilo!.. nu mewi-
naaRmdegebi! garwmuneb, patiosan sityvas gaZlev, Tqven araferi dagiSavdeT, ar wagixdeT, erTi
xnieri dedakaci me saxlSi Semoviyvano... cota xans vicxovrebT tkbilad, siamovnebiT erTad
da mere RmerTma keTilad mogaxmaroT es ojaxic, es saxlic, es karic... yvelaferi, rac ram
gagvaCnia, Svilo.
_ batono, Svili rom geyolos, Svili... maSin? _ daatana platonma.
_ Sen dRes kaci ver gelaparakeba, Svilo, mxari isTe gaqvs moqceuli! -wyeniT uTxra bekinam...
_ Tu kacis sityvas ar gaigoneb, aba raRa mogixerxo?! meti dajereba me ar SemiZlia da RmerTma
mSvidoba mogces! jiniani kaci gareSec sasiamovno araa, Tvara Svili ra?!
II
ver gadaaTqmevina platonma bekinas misi survili da aman metad aumRvria guli. sxvac miug-
zavna mamas amis Taobaze, magram bekina gajiutebaSi arTmevda Svils mis saqciels da ar iSlida
Tavis ganzraxulebas. TviTon darwmunebuli iyo da yvelas arwmunebda, rom misgan dedakacs
Svili ar miecemoda, rom RmerTi mis mosiyvarule Svilebs ara Tu daaklebda rasme, Sematebda
kidec usaTuod. platoni am Sematebaze Zalian uars ambobda, oRond ki Tavisi, rac xelSi eWira,
mtkiced hkaveboda; magram bekina Tavisas imeorebda da Seuryevlad idga Tavis sityvaze.
erTi sityviT, am mxriv saqme wagebuli iyo gamoubruneblad. saWiro iyo iseTi ram xerxis
xmareba, rom bekinas gulis wadilis asrulebasTan, platoni imedianad yofiliyo, rom Tavis
miwis oriode nafleTi ukleblad SerCenoda da dResac mis gasaZRomad Zlivs sakmarisi lukma
orad ar gahyofoda.
II nawili
_ deviRupe... wmindad deviRupe! _ iZaxoda platoni. _ wmindad deviRupe, Tu rame ar visaS-

vele, rame ar viRone!..
gamwarebuli ymawvili kacis gulSi cecxli trialebda, misi tvini wisqvilis borbaliviT
mousvenrad brunavda, rom rame xerxi moegona, ”Zmurad” ar gahyofoda misi “simdidre”, rom
axlandel mwir lukmaze SeCveul kuWs ufro damcirebul lukmaze SeCveva ar dasWirveboda. 433
_ ifiqre, qalo, ifiqre, egeb Senc moigono rame... e oxeri Tavi aRar muSaobs!.. bru mesxmis
mxolod... _ gamwarebiT etyoda xolme platoni cols.
_ me ra unda movigono, ra unda girCio?! _ mowyeniT miugebda qmars melano.
_ ra movigono?!. hm!.. sxvas ras geigonebs Tqvengan kaci! _ gulmosuli wailaparakebda pla-
toni da isev Tavis fiqrebSi gaexveoda gayuCebuli.
qarTuli andazaa: gaWirveba maCvene da gaqcevas ganaxvebo. platon samaniSvili qarTveli
kaci iyo da amasTan aznauri.
_ mama! _ mivida ramdenime dRis Semdeg igi bekinasTan _ mama, raki inebe colis SerTva da
aRar iSli, neba Senia, awi raRa meTqmis... Seni nebaa... magram erTi saTxovari maqvs da amaze ar
gamawbileb, imedia... uars ar metyvi!
platons etyoboda, rom winandel cud gunebaze aRar iyo.
_ ra iyo, Svilo?.. erTis magier ori miTxari!
_ momande eg saqme me... me amogirCev qals!
bekina gakvirvebiT miaCerda Svils.
_ RmerTmani... maSvals Tavi daanebe da saSeno qals me moginaxav! Sen nu momikvdebi!
_ Se kaco, uwin Tavs iklavdi, nebas ar maZlevdi da axla maSvlaTac ki midgebi! _ RimiliT
mimarTa bekinam Svils da undoblad dauwyo cqera. _ ras mivaweroT axla eg, platon?.. _ gaicina
bekinam.
_ ras unda miaweroT?!
_ mainc, mainc!.. mamaSvilobas, gamagebie, Tu giyvarde! _ CacivebiT uTxra dainteresebulma
bekinam.
_ batono, Tqveni gulis wadili xom agisruldebaT da!
_ ki, mara mainc!.. mamaSvilobas, miTxari! ha! Sens col-Svils gaficeb!.. ra moigone axla Sen?
_ araferi, Sen ar momikvde, imisTana, rom Seni sawyeni iqnes...
_ ho!
_ qals moginaxav imisTanas, rom arc Seni dasawunebeli iqneba da arc CemTvis saSiSari...
_ ho, ho! _ aCqarebda gaxalisebuli bekina. _ ho!
_ axalgazrda ymawvili qali, rasakvirvelia, Seni saqme araa.
_ rasakvirvelia, mara arc ukbilo dedaberi ivargebs, Se kaco! _ gaicina bekinam.
_ ukbilo dedaberi vis rad unda! ase, xnieri dedakaci rom iqnes... mara iseTi, aravin dag-
vcinos...
_ ho, ho! _ eTanxmeboda bekina.
_ qvrivi...
_ magasac ara uWirs ra!..
_ qvrivi... ornaqmarebi!
am ukanasknel sityvaze platonic SeCerda, mamas Sexeda da bekinac miaSterda gakvirvebiT
Svils.
_ ho, ornaqmarebi!.. _ gaimeora sityva gagrZelebiT platonma. _ ra unda uWirdes?.. Sen ar
momikvde, araferi!
_ ras cuRlutob, Se kai kaco?! _ Tvali TvalSi gauyara bekinam. _ ras cuRlutob, vaJbatono?
_ Sen ar momikvde, SenTan me ar vcuRlutobde da arc gatyuebde... Sen sruliad wagebuli ar
iqnebi, dedis suli ar wamiwydes!.. is ki ara, mogebuli darCebi... me mxvdeba meti Sroma, Tvara
Sen qec damimadli mere!.. giameba, batono, axla rom Senma colma bavSvis WyviriliT gamogiWeqos
yurebi?
_ eh... Sen kidev Sensas mohyvebi!..
_ vin icis, batono, vin icis! is ar jobia, rom ufro daimedebulad iqneba adamiani?!
II nawili
_ ornaqmarebi dedakaci raRa imedia?

_ ra imedia da ai, mogaxseneb... Sen coli ginda. me ki minda, rom mamulis gamyofeli ar dei-
naxos Cemma Tvalebma... TviTon ambob, ymawvili qali ar mindao... moginaxav swored rigian qals,
rom veravin dagvcinos, Sen nu momikvdebi. ornaqmarebs imitom geubnebi, rom qvrivebSi amo-
434 varCev, gamovnaxav imisTanas, rom or qmars hyolodes da arc erTTan Svili ar micemodes...
orive qmris xelSi rom uSvilo darCeniliyos... amisTana dedakaci swored saimedo iqneba Svilis
uyolobaze... Tu or qmarTan Svili ar micemia, SenTan raRa RmerTi gauwyreba... amrigad, Senc
mosvenebuli iqnebi, mec imedianad viqnebi da vicxovrebT ise, ravarc gvicxovria... am Cvens
wuTisofels Cvens wesze amgvaradve gavatarebT da Cvens merme rac iqneba, is RmerTma icis da
Cvenma momavalma!.. esaa Cemi Txovna... Sen araferi gakldeba da CemTvis ki iseTi saqme iqneba,
Tugind Cemi mamulis naxevari xelaxla SemeZinos... mainc amiT Tu SevinarCuneb, Tvara sxva ra
Zala maqvs, ra Rone Semwevs? amitom gTxov, momando eg saqme, maSvals Tavi daanebo... Sroma me
Semxvdeba, marTalia, mara rava deveridebi?! uxeiro qals ar Semoviyvan ojaxSi, amaSi patiosan
sityvas gaZlev!
bekinam acala Svils eTqva Tavisi saTqmeli da yuradRebiT moismina misi sityva. mas axla
kidevac ecineboda platonis nalaparakevze da ukvirda, es ra moigona am kacmao. Svilis Txov-
naze kidevac Tanaxma gaxda bolos, Tumca esec ki daatana:
_ neba Seni iyos, platon Cemo, magram axla Sen miCqari sikvdils, Svilo, da es aris! _ siciliT
uTxra man.
_ rava, batono?
_ i wyeulma mec rom gamayolos winandelebs, ras mipireb maSin? a?.. xa, xa, xa! avi sandobia
magisTana mTvareze dabadebuli dedakaci!..
_ SenisTana Ronier adamians is verafers gizams. Sen ar momikvde!..
_ kargi, kargi, Svilo! _ iama bekinas Svilis sityva. _ kargia, Svilo... ase qeni, mara saqmes
Sors nu gadadeb, Tvara...
_ ara, batono, am dReebSive Sevudgebi... raRaze gavaWianuro... saqnari moleuli jobia!..
_ ho, ho, rasakvirvelia, rasakvirvelia!.. mara gaxsovdes, Svilo. uxeiro vinmes ar Semyaro...
Torem sircxvils gaWmev, platon, migitoveb qals da sxvas me TviTon amovirCev!.. mamaSvilobas
geficebi! _ RimiliT uTxra bekinam.
_ batono, mag ra sakadrisia! ratom vizam mag saqmes?.. _ miugo platonma. _ amaze metad ar
gjeraT Cemi?!
_ ho da aba he!.. _ aba he!.. awi Sen ici, me Tanaxma var... oRond ar daagviano, esec gaxsovdes!..
mets raRas momTxov kidev, Svilo, _ yvelaferi Sens nebazedaa da eg aris!.. awi mainc veraferSi
misayvedureb, Svilo!
sasayveduro ki hqonda platons, magram ra gamovidoda masze sityvis ganaxlebiT?! isic
kargi iyo misTvis, rom mama am ukanasknel Txovnaze daiyolia da amiT imedi eZleoda, gansacdeli
Tavidan aecilebina. axla saWiro iyo mxolod nafiqri saqmis asruleba; saWiro iyo moenaxa
misi mxsneli ornaqmarevi, uSvilo qali, rom qmrebTan sam-sami weliwadi mainc namyofi yofi-
liyo, rom arc beberi yofiliyo maincdamainc da arc maxinji; gansakuTrebiT uSvilobaze sai-
medo yofiliyo.
saqme arc ise advili iyo, rom ucbad Tavi mobmoda da amitomac platoni imdResve Seudga
mas, ra dResac mamamisma amaze mzrunvelobis neba darTo. wyalwaRebuli xavss eWidebodao, ase
iyo platonis saqmec.
datrialdnen orive col-qmari. dRedaRam mxolod imiT iyvnen garTulni, rom egeb TavianT
nacnobebSi moegonaT romelime uSvilo qvrivi dedakaci, maTi sasurveli, maTTvis sanatreli,
sadedinacvlod gamosadegi arseba.
_ arqipo qvaSavaZis nacolebi... uSvilo ar iyo?! gaTxovda mere... qmarsac bare xuTi weliwadi
hyavda... netavi Tu cocxali hyavs is meore qmari?.. a, ar ici, melano?
_ rava ara... mara imas, Se kaco, pirveli qmris xelSiac ki hyavda erTi Svili!.. _ miugo melanom.
_ Svili sad hyavda? Sen ar momikvde! natalias Svili sad hyolia?
II nawili
_ hyavda, Svilebs geficebi... Sen nu momikvdebi! gaviwydeba, Tvara Svili rava ar hyavda...
didxans ki iyo uSvilo!
_ oh, aba eg maxsovda me!.. _ da gaCumebuli platoni axla sxvebs igonebda da ixsenebda.
_ gojaspir xasiSvilis nacolebi? sawireTeli xasiSvilis! ki icnob Sen imas. ho, ho! is,
mgonia, ase magondeba, viTomc xasiSvilma qvrivi iTxova... uSvilo iyo maSinac!.. 435
_ ah! gojaspir xasiSvilma qvrivi ki ar SeirTo, Se kaco... ded-mamis saxlidan weiyvana da
qvrivad mas darCa... uSviloa ki... mara rai, CvenTvis is araferi gamosadegia: erT qmris nayolia,
_ wuwuniT gaaTava sityva melanom.
bevrs ewvalnen amrigad colic da qmaric, magram Sesaferi ver gamonaxes.
_ Cem dasTan waval... egeb darikom mimaswavlos sadme da qec amomarCevios... a, ras ityvi,
melano? _ daekiTxa platoni cols, raki xedavda, rom misi mecadineobiT araferi gamodioda.
_ Zalian kargs izam!.. RmerTmani!.. _ miugo melanom. _ Zalian kargs izam!.. unda miikiTx-
moikiTxo, aba rava iqneba!
_ waval... xvalve waval! _ amoioxra platonma. _ egeb cxeni gamovarTva visme da waval... Tu
devigviane, mag dalocvili me aRarc ki momicdis da Tavisas izams!.. hei, hei! _ naRvlianad wamo-
iZaxa man da mezoblebSi wavida cxenis saTxovrad.
III
dila iyo adriani, meore dRes rom platonma Zalze gamxdari, zurgdaSavebuli cxeni gad-
moiyvana ezoSi, miaba samzareulo saxlis gverdiT mdgar kvincxasTan da kmaza dauwyo.
_ amaze Sejdoma rava SegiZlia?... _ uTxra melanom.
platonma rom cxens unagiri Seadga, cxenma sul kankali daiwyo.
_ aba, fexiT vis mivadge, Se qalo?!
_ ki, mara sul ar mogjeba am sacodavs zurgi?
_ fex-fexa mivyvebi, batono, fex-fexa mivyvebi!.. sircxvilisaTvis mimyavs, Tvara ra!.. Sen
eg mosarTavi momeci da amis javri nu gaqvs!..
_ ai, amogivarda patroni! _ miaZaxa platonma, mosarTavs rom xeli mohkida. _ meita, melano
Cxinki iqneba rame... ena ar qonebia abzinds... meita male, Tu qali xar!
daamagra mosarTavi CxinkiT platonma, daixura qudi, gadigdo beWebze yabalaxi, moxsna
Tavisi TeZoebamobuskuli raSi da TiTqmis waaTria ugulod mimyoli cxeni WiSkrisken.
swored amave dros aivanze gamovida axaluxis amara bekinac da, ra dainaxa mimavali Svili,
gadasZaxa:
_ mixval, platon?
_ mivdivar, batono, mivdivar... ravarc mxedavT! _ miugo platonma.
_ aba, he, Sen ici!.. RmerTma keTilad gamgzavros! _ miatana sityva bekinam.
platonma gadaiara ezo, gavida WiSkarSi da male, orRobeSi mimavali, gzis aqeT-iqiT mimyol
xeebSi miimala.
_ e bedauri vis gamoarTva, melano Cemo? _ mimarTa bekinam WiSkridan ukan gamobrunebul
rZals.
_ pavlia RomiaSvils, batono!
_ ar douvardes gzaSi, Se qalo! _ gaicina moxucebulma.
_ sxvis Sesaxedavad weiyvana, batono... sasircxvil-sanamusod, Tvara sxvebr ras argia!
_ araferia... araferi... platoni marjve kacia... moxerxebulia, imas araferi gouWirdeba! _
Caicina bekinam da iqiT daiwyo cqera, saiTac is iyo platoni gzas daadga.
guljavriani platoni erTxanad gauZRva Tavis gaxrekil cxens, magram bolos moTmineba
daekarga ganuwyvetlad aRviris qaCviTa da SeZaxebiT.
_ Senc jinaze midgebi, Se oxero? _ gaaCera man cxeni da gulmosuli moajda zurgze, gadahkra
wkepla da ferdebgamobzekili cxeni aZunZulda. _ Sen mainc mogerevi, sxvasTan Tu veraferi
gavawyve!.. kidev damidgebi jinaze?! _ da man Seubraleblad gaduWira da gaduWira wkneli, magram
II nawili
kvincxa _ jagrcxila (xis jiSi)

mogjeba _ gadaeyvlifeba
Cxinki _ Cxiri
TeZoebamobuskuli _ TeZoebamocvenili
436 gaxrekili _ gaZvaltyavebuli
platonis gasajavreblad da TiTqos misi daqadnebis gasamtyuneblad am gaxrekilma pirutyvmac
male iZulebuli gahxada mxedari xelaxla CamoeqveiTebina. amgvaris dajabnebiT yvelasagan
guldamwvarma platonma gaigdo win es gaxrekili pirutyvi da, ukan fexdafex mimyoli, grZeli
wkeplis cemiT mierekeboda jaxrak cxens.
naxevarze meti gza gaiara platonma Tavisuflad ise, rom mimaval-momavali kaci ar Sex-
vedria; ase Tavisuflad mimavali igi Tavis fiqrebSi iyo garTuli, Tavis mgzavrobis azris
aRsrulebiT iyo gabruebuli. uecriv cxenis fexis xma moesma platons; miixeda ukan da ukmayo-
filebiT piri isev gamoibruna, _ viRac xanSi Sesuli kaci moaToxarikebda maRal cxens.
_ hei, Tqveni, Tqveni!.. _ TavisaTvis waiduduna platonma. mas axla yoveli moxucebuli kacis
danaxva ejavreboda Tavis mamis gamo.
_ gamarjoba, ymawvilo! _ SesZaxa wamoweulma cxenosanma.
_ RmerTma gagimarjoT, batono! _ miugo platonma da darcxveniT SeaCera Tavisi cxeni.
platonma axla icno, vinc iyo es Casuqebuli, wverebmoparsuli, kazirok-qudiani, qolgiT
iRliis qveS, wiTuri saxis kaci da imitomac daatana Tavis pasuxs: ”batono”; igi iyo im kuTxeSi
cnobili, saxelis mqone aznauri ivane gverdevaniZe, soflis advokati.
_ sad mixvalo, ymawvilo? _ SeekiTxa gverdevaniZe platons.
_ ager giaxlebiT, batono, maRalSenSi! _ da platoni Sejda cxenze.
_ kai dagemarToT! aba mgzavrebi vyofilvarT am erT xanaze!.
ewyina es platons. aTaswilad erCia martod, Tavisuflad mgzavroba, magram axla meti gza
aRar hqonda, xaTrs xom ar gautexavda am mosaxaTrebel kacs, unda erbenina Tavisi gaZvaltya-
vebuli cxeni gverdevaniZis ToxarikTan.
_ ra xania movdivar da erTi kaci ar SemxvTomia, rom xma gameca visTvisme... movdivar ase
munjad! _ Tqva gverdevaniZem.
_ sad bZanebulxarT aqeT, batono? _ rom xma amoeRo, SeekiTxa platoni.
_ qvedureTSi viyavi... bregaZeebi arian, aznouSvilebi... Seni mteri iqna damsili da dagla-
xakavebulni, isini damsili arian... da, ravarc iciT axlandeli Cveni aznouSvilebis ambavi,
gayofa undaT, magram gasayofi rom aRaraferia! erTi meores waglejazea gamacadinebuli, rame
xerxiT unda meti ram irgos, erTmaneTs aRarafers anebeben da WiWyinoben, davidaraboben,
Cxuboben dilidan saRamomdin, hklaven erTmaneTs...
_ cudi dro movida, batono, erTob cudi dro!.. xalxic momravlda... CxubiT Tu gaiwmindeba
cotaze mainc qveyana, Tvara... magram eg Tqven ukeT mogexsenebaT, rasakvirvelia! _ SeniSna Tavis
mxriv platonma.
_ SeiZleba, SeiZleba! _ daatana gverdevaniZem. _ ho da imas vambobdi, am bregaZeebma mTxoves
maTSi Camovvardniliyavi da rame rigad gamerigebina isini... xelis mosakidebeli saqme araa,
arc gaverevodi, marTali giTxra, nametani Seusmeneli da daujerebeli xalxia, magram uari
veRar vuTxari, ufro imitom, rom Cemi naTesavi qalia im ojaxSi... dedinacvalia am bregaZeebis
da maT CxubSi da uwesrigobaSi sawyali qvrivi dedakacic nametani SeviwrovebaSi hyavT... si-
cocxle goumwares ubedurs!..
_ Tu Svili hyvanda mainc am dedinacvlobaSi?! _ wamoscda platons sruliad uneburad.
_ ah! Svili arc uwindel qmris xelSi yolia da arc am meore qmris xelSi! ubeduri, uSvilo,
erTi sawyali dedakacia, imitomac ufro mebraleba... gerebi outydnen, ai ise, rogorc ici
Raribi ojaxis ambavi... dedinacvlis Senaxva ki ara, Tavisi Tavi Zlivs gamoaqvT wlidan-wlam-
din!.. mamis xelSi qe iyo ise erTgvari ojaxi da axla samad gasayofi rom Seiqmna, am dedinacval-
sac Tavisi wili saqvrivo gamosayofi Seeqmna, _ arc erTs aRaraferi urCeba da, rasakvirvelia,
WiWyinoben, erTmaneTs edavebian, erTimeores xelidan glejen, Tu ram xelSi xvdaT...
ase laparakobda gverdevaniZe, magram misi sityvebi platonis erT yurSi rom Sedioda,
II nawili
meore yurSi gadioda; misi yuradReba sruliad iman daipyro, rom am kacisagan im qvriv, gawva-
lebul dedinacvalze gaigona. es swored Zvirfasi ram gasagoni gaigona platonma.
jaxraki _ jaglagi
Toxariki _ kargi jiSis, swrafi cxeni
Cxubi _ (aq) omi
437
_ qvedureTSi... bregaZeebisas! _ imeorebda platoni, TiTqos eSinoda ar daviwyeboda uSvi-
lo dedakaci. _ arc pirveli qmris xelSi yolia Svilio, arc meoris xelSi! romeli bregaZea
netavi?
am moulodnelad gasaxareli ambis gagebiT afrenil platons erTma iseTma survilma wamo-
uara _ ufro dawvrilebiT gamoekiTxa yovelive garemoeba naxsenebi uSvilo qvrivisa, _ rom
kinaRam is iyo kidevac gaaba laparaki, magram droze gons movida, droze mixvda amis uadgilobas
da ena Caikvnita. am kacTan ise vaglaxad laparaki safrTxilo iyo, misi azriT. gverdevaniZes
SeeZlo erT uxerxulad dacdenil sityvaze mixvdomoda, rac gunebaSi edva da amitom platoni
amxanad dakmayofilda gagoniliT, Caimarxa gulSi misi sityva da TavmoZulebiT miaCindrikebda
enagadmogdebul cxens, smenad gadaqceuli, egeb am dalocvil kacs kidev dascdenoda misTvis
gamosadegi ram sityva.
_ ase kargia Wkviani kacis oriode sityvac! _ gunebaSi xalisianad ambobda ZunZuliT mimyoli
platoni. _ yovelTvis sasargeblo rames geigoneb, mixvdebi!..
gverdevaniZe ki Tavis sityvas ganagrZobda:
_ aseTia, Cemo biZia, es Cveni mdgomareoba da ras izam! gaWirvebis dro Semogveswro da
mecadineoba gvWiria, Zalian gafrTxileba gvmarTebs am gaWirvebasTan. i dalocvili RmerTic
Tavis mowyalebas Cvenze Zveleburi wesiT gvicxadebs: xalxs amravlebs, yovel ojaxs SvilebiT
avsebs... madlians TiTo-orola Svili deeklo, amaT magieraT sarCo moematebia, is ar ajobebda,
Seni Wirime? a? _ gaicina man.
_ mainc, mainc, batono... namdvili sityva gaxlavsT, rasac brZanebT! _ amoioxra platonma. _
marTali brZanebaa!.. TqvenisTana kacs ra uWirs da Cvens ambavs kaci nuRar kiTxulobs, batono,
Tvara Tqven Cemze ukeT mogexsenebaT!.. nametan usaSualobaSi varT Cavardnili da gasakvirvelia,
rom kidev ase xalisianaT varT, arafrad vagdebT yvelafers, arxeinad varT da imas ki aRara
vfiqrobT, Tu ra mogvelis win... ras gvipirobs mama zecieri!.. mara Tavs Tu ar miveZaleT, guli
Tu ar SevimagreT, sul wavxdebiT, batono, sul erTianad da is iqneba! _ mWevrmetyvelobam
gaitaca platonic Tavis enawyliani mosaubris Semyure.
tkbilad mimusaifobdnen Cveni mgzavrebi da am laparakSi platonisaTvis droc SeumCnevlad
gadioda da gzac erTob mokldeboda. kidev didi siamovnebiT ivlida am kacTan igi, rom uecrad
Tavisi gadasaxvevi gza ar daenaxa. platonma SeaCera cxeni da Tavdablad mimarTa gverdevaniZes:
_ mSvidobiT brZandebodeT, batono.
_ oh! aqeT midis Tqveni gza?
_ diax, batono!.. nuras ukacravad... geaxlebodiT erT xans kidev, rom saWiro saqme ar mqondes
swored...
_ ratom, ratom, Se kaco!.. icocxleT, awi mec male mival saxlSi... mSvidobiT!
_ mSvidobiT brZandebodeT! ise fexs rava moukravs adamians RmerTi, rom aravin SegxvdeT
kidev?! _ saameblad gaayola gverdevaniZes sityva platonma da mere Tavis gzaze gadauxvia.
_ ase kargia kai kacis SexvToma! _ ambobda gunebaSi platoni. _ ha, qvedureTSi, bregaZeebisas...
sami Zma yofila... gamovikiTxav da, Tu rigiani vinmea... gverdevaniZis naTesavia. mara egeb vinme
oxeri gvariSvilis iyven... yvelafers gevigeb... es xom gulSi meyoleba, Tu darikom sxvasTan
visTanme ar mimaswavla... gevigeb ambavs da, Tu RvTis risxva araa, kidevac gavaTaveb saqmes... ki,
ki, ase vizam, ase vizam! _ xmamaRla wamoiZaxa platonma da am wamoZaxebasTan _ albaT, pirutyvma
sxva ram ifiqra. _ cxenic gaCerda. platonma erTi-ori ”aCuc” miaZaxa, quslic Semoartya ferdis
Zvlebze, wkeplac gaduWira, magram cxeni isev imave adgilas idga, fexsac ar icvlida.
platoni iZulebuli Seiqmna Camomxtariyo. dainaxa mqelavi, araqaTgamoleuli, erTianad
gaoflianebuli cxeni, romelsac aburZgvnili balani sacodav Sexedulebas aZlevda da mxe-
darma TavSi xeli Semoikra:
II nawili
_ es mudregi raRa mosaxmari iqneba awi? sul erTianad gadatyauli eqneba am upatronos
zurgi... aCu! _ miaZaxa gulmosulma da Tan joxic gadahkra.
mqelavi _ mZimed msunTqavi

apolikda _ gaWirvebiT avida
438 breki _ goraki
SeRavaTmicemuli cxeni misustebuli, aZigZigebuli nabijiT apolikda qvebian brekze da
rac SeeZlo, rac Rone hqonda SerCenili, miCanCalebda da cdilobda, ukan Camoetovebina Tavisi
CamoqveiTebuli mxedari, rom mtkivan zurgze ar Seskupeboda xelaxlad. ramdensame manZilze
kidevac ausrulda wadili gasaWirSi Cavardnil pirutyvs, magram bolos platoni mainc daewia,
gaaCera da mardad moaxta zurgze. am kacma Tavis Tavmoyvareobis dacva amjobina mis Sebralebas
da siZis WiSkramdis amxedrebuli mivida.
aq platoni Camoxta cxenidan, gaaRo WiSkari da ezoSi Sevida.
IV
ezos karebSi ymawvili qali gulze axutebuli bavSviT Tavze adga glexs, romelic bostans
ragvavda. qali mobrunda, raki glexma aniSna stumris ezoSi Semosvla, miaCerda mas da, ra icno
Tavisi Zma platoni, ucbad Camosva miwaze bavSvi, gaiswora Tavsafari da erTis ZaxiliT, sixa-
ruliT afrenili gamoeqana Zmisken. bavSvma Seqna Rriali, abRavlda meore iqve myofi ufrosi
gogoc, magram darikos maTi aRaraferi eyureboda.
_ Seni Wirime... Sen dagenacvlos Seni da dariko!.. ra dRe gamiTenda es?.. uime, uime! _ moqa-
qanobda dariko. da-Zma mxurvaled gadaexvivnen erTmaneTs.
_ mobrZandi, Seni Wirime!.. mobrZandi! _ miuZRoda afusfusebuli dariko Zmas saxlisaken. _
malaqia!.. malaqia!.. Cemo malaqia, gadadeqi da mandedan kiriles miaZaxe... Seni Wirime... Tavi da-
anebe magas!..
glexma miatova samuSao, gaiqca win da rac xma hqonda daiwyo yvirili:
_ kirile... batono kirile!.. kirile, u _ u!..
_ raze abruneb, dariko Cemo! wavides!.. _ uTxra platonma das.
_ es-esaa cxenze Sejda, raRaca saqme maqvso da wavida, gamiqra xelidan... ver davamagre sax-
lSi... dayanyalobs ase tyuilubralod!.. ra movuxerxo, aRar vici... gamiWirda saqme!..
bavSvebi ki isev Rrialebdnen bostanTan; erTi miwaze farTxalebda da goWiviT Wyviroda.
_ gogo, ninoia!.. wadi, gogo, bavSvebs mixede... gaaCume gasawyvetlebi! _ saxlSi SeiZaxa da-
rikom da rikulebTan gayolebul ficarze mjdar platonTan TviTonac Camojda. malaqia ki
isev TavmoZulebiT uyviroda kiriles.
_ ras SvebiT, Zmao, xom kargad xarT? _ wuwuniT ikiTxa darikom.
_ Cemi rZali xom kargaTaa, Seni Wirime?.. bavSvebi?..
_ arian, RvTis madliT... _ miugo platonma.
_ mama?.. vai misi gaZaRlebuli sicocxle! _ amoixvneSa darikom. _ ra vqna, Zmao, veRar mivxede
me ubedurma am gaWirvebis, gamwarebis xans... ra vqna martod vwrialob am ojaxSi, erTi saaTiT
ver mimitovebia... visze davtovo, Seni Wirime?.. da amasobaSi, veRarc me gnaxeT da Tqvenganac
daviwyebuli Seviqeni, Zmao!. wuxs kidev ubeduri? an ki ra gaaxarebs mis guls, dediCemis dam-
kargvels!.. xom ar avadmyofobs mainc, Sen dagenacvle?
_ avadmyofobas ra unda masTan?.. avad ki ara... hm!.. _ gaifrutuna platonma.
_ Cemi momduravi ki iqneba da memarTleba kidevac, _ isev amoioxra darikom.
_ tyvila wuxar magas, Cemo dariko... Cven aRaravis vaxsovarT, Cemo dao!
darikom gakvirvebuli saxis metyvelebiT gadaxeda Zmas. misi sityva metad eucnaura da
ver miuxvda, ras niSnavda igi.
_ mamaSeni rom mwuxarea, ise yoveli Cveni keTili Seawuxos RmerTma!.. ras ambob, mwuxare ki
ara, saqorwilod emzadeba is kaci! _ gaicina platonma.
_ ra xumroba ici, platon! _ iwyina darikom.
II nawili
_ Sen ar momikvde, ar gexumrebode!..

dariko gaSterda.
_ imas aRarc dedaSeni axsovs, aRarc mkvdari da aRarc cocxali vinme!..
ragvavda _ wnul Robes akeTebda

dayanyalobs _ daxetialobs, dayialobs
439
_ platon, platon! Zmao!..
_ ager naxav!.. saqme gadawyvetilia!
_ ra ari axla, platon?! gadavirevi es aris!.. tyvilia... _ Zlivs sityvas ambobda Sewuxebuli
qali, romelsac xumroba egona Zmis naTqvami.
_ col-Svils geficebi!.. qals Txoulobs... ra mexumreba, kaci gulze vskdebi!
_ uime, uime! _ iyvira darikom da gamwarebuli loyaze xels irtyamda. _ uime! uime!.. es ra
geigona Cemma yurebma!..
_ ra gaewyoba! _ amoioxra platonma.
_ ase male dasaviwyebeli qali iyo sawyali dedaCemi?.. RmerTo, momkali... RmerTo, momkali!
ratom miawia mag ubedurma am dRemdis, magisTana saqmes rom Sveba?! vin unda SemoaTrios dedi-
Cemis magier mag Wkuadakargulma, vin? _ moTqmiT ambobda dariko.
ukanaskneli misi sityva platons aRar gaugonia da pasuxi ar miucia masze, imitom rom
ezoSi SemojiriTda Tavisi lamazi, wablisferi cxeniT kirile da erTi yiJiniT mimarTa coli-
Zmas:
_ platons, platons vaxlavarT!.. platons vaxlavarT! dariko, kedels naxSiri, naxSiri
kedels!.. ase unda, Se patiosano kaco, moyvris miviwyeba?.. ai, Sen ki ra giTxra!.. SemosaSvebi xar
saxlSi?! Zalianac Semcdara eg Seni daia, Tvara me rom vyofiliyavi, arafris gulisaTvis ar
SemogiSvebdi, fexsac ar Semogadgmevinebdi! xa, xa, xa!.. _ da maRali tanis koxtad Cacmuli Sno-
iani axalgazrda kaci grZnobiT miegeba Tavis colisZmas.
_ rava mSvidobiT, platon Cemo?
_ madlobeli gaxlavarT... varT ise...
_ Cemi simamri rogor ari... Cemi Zvirfasi bekina? xom yoCaRaTaa kidev?
_ sxvagan rom dayialob, iqac mividodi, vnaxavdi da sakiTxavi aRar geqneboda! _ uTxra
mowyeniT darikom qmars.
_ mivsuliyavi!.. sadac mgloviarobaa, iq ra mimiyvans! mainc rom aRaraferi geSvelaT, Tqve
dalocvilebo! _ miubrunda kirile colisZmas, _ gagigonia amdens xans mgloviaroba?
_ Sen ar ici, Tvara kai xania gaTavebuli gvaqvs, _ miugo RimiliT platonma.
_ qeifis meti rom araferi gagondeba, netavi, Sen, Se ubeduro! _ waulaparaka darikom.
_ Cven gaxlavarT miminaSvilebi! _ wamoiZaxa kirilem da wamoiWima fexze amdgari. _ miminos
Svilebi... miminos!.. CvenTan ra unda mwuxarebas... Cvens Tavs aravis ar davatyvevebinebT... gva-
rovnobiT varT ase... sadac siamea da molxena, iq Cvenc varT, ase mogvdgams gvarovnobiT!.. aba,
Seni Wirime, oriode dRe vicocxlo, guli mwuxarebiT evivso, molxena davaklo da ise wavay-
revino zed miwa?! Senc ar momikvde... magaze meti sisulele iqneba?! kaci mudam mxiaruli unda
iyve da sxvasac iameba Seni Sexedva! aba, ase unda, Sen rom xar? Zma mogivida da ase mowyenili xar,
ara grcxvenia? _ da kirilem gulianad gadixarxara. _ marTla, ranairi xar, dariko Cemo... Se
qalo, Zmis mosvla gewyina Tu?
_ ra cudi ambavi movutane mere! _ RimiliT Tqva platonma da darikos gadaxeda.
_ ho!
_ qorwilSi patiJobs...
_ ariqa, miSvele, platon! vin, vin, Tu RmerTi gwams?
_ mama magisi!
_ a?.. mama magisi?
_ ho, qals Txoulobs Seni simavri! da Sen ici, kirile, rava moulxen!
_ xumrob Tu marTals ambob, platon? _ gakvirvebiT SeekiTxa kirile.
_ Sen nu momikvdebi, marTals vambob.
II nawili
_ xa, xa, xa, xa, _ gadixarxara kirilem. _ xa, xa, xa, xa!.. ai da bekina!.. ai da Seni Wirime!.. Sen
genacvale Sens lamaz wverebSi! xa, xa, xa! Sercxvenili viyve, Tu sanaqebod ar movulxino... Ser-
cxvenili viyve!.. imisTana mayruliT mivyvebi, rom iqourobas gavayrueb, tye da vels SevZrav!..
rodisTvis apirobT, a, rodisTvis?
440
_ jer, Se kaco, qalia mosanaxi!
_ qalis meti raa dedamiwaze!.. raRas agvianebT?.. maSvali vina gyavT?
_ me var! _ miugo platoma.
_ kirile erTi SeCerda da mere gadaixarxara Tavisi rixiani siciliT.
_ Sen xar maSvali?! Tu Zma xar! xa, xa, xa!
_ me var, me, Cemo Zmao, ras izam! kaci sikvdilamdis yvelafers unda moelodes, Tu siqaCle-
so... andazebic ki damaviwyda am ucnaurobaSi...
_ Sen rava maSvlob mere? Sens sawinaaRmdego saqmeSi uwyob xels?
_ aba, ra unda qna, meti gza rom ar geqneba, Cemo sayvarelo Zmao? bevri vexvewe, bevri vewi-
naaRmdege, mara araferi gamewyo, veraferi Sevasmine! kargi Svili xaro da RmerTi ar Cagagdebs
gasaWirSio, yovel ubedurebas agaSorebso, doujinia da, vin icis, mis sityvazed iqneba Tu ara,
ase mowyalebiT gadmomxedos RmerTma, _ egeb dajildovebis magierad, kidec miwyrebodes,
razed inaxav magisTana gamsunagebul kacsao, _ da amis gagebamdi viTom me davapire Cemis meca-
dineobiT avicilo Tavidan moaxloebuli ubedureba... ise Tvalebi ubrmavdebaT mag uxeiroebs,
ar undaT Sexedon, rom erTi qalis monaSens ar yofnis ojaxis qoneba, ori qalisas ra unda
uyos!
platoni masxrulis kiloTi dawvrilebiT mouyva col-qmars Tavisi mdgomareobis ambavs
da imas, Tu ram afiqrebina Tavis dedinacvlis mosayvanad mamas maSvlad dasdgomoda.
dariko xmagakmendili ijda, mwuxarebisagan kriWa Sekruli; kirile ki erTob gamxiarulda,
misma sicilma iqauroba gaayrua.
_ eg yvelaferi Zalian mogisazrebia... mara rom eyolos, kaco, Svili... xa, xa, xa!.. Svili rom
eyolos? seiri ar iqneba? ras izam maSin, platon? xa, xa, xa! _ xarxarebda kirile.
_ rava eyoleba... or kacTan qali uSvilo yofiliyves, e mamaCemi raRa gansxvavebul kacad
unda gamoCndes viTom?!
_ ki, mara es miTxari, vTqvaT, eyola axla, ras izam maSin, a? _ ar eSveboda kirile.
_ ra vici, ras vizam... axla rava giTxra? ra vici, rom gavmwardebi, ras metyvis guneba...
_ mainc, mainc?..
_ ra ari axla aseTi suleluri Caciveba?! _ Seutia kiriles darikom.
_ rac mere iqneba, is RmerTma icis, _ daubrunda gawyvetil sityvas platoni. _ rac Semdeg
iqneba, is RmerTma icis da axla unda gamogitydeT, imisTvis movedi TqvenTan, rom Semweoba
momceT am Cem gaWirvebis dRes...
_ RmerTi ki rames SemaZlebiebdes da Sen, Zmao!.. _ wuwuniT Tqva darikom.
_ ki, batono, Tuki rameSi gamogadgebi! _ daatana kirilemac.
_ Cems kuTxeSi aravinaa imisTana dawyevlili sulieri, me rom mWiria da egeba aq, Tqvensken
iyves vinme...
_ vin unda iyves... _ Cafiqrda dariko.
_ Sen aTas adgilas midi-modixar, kirile... egeb icode sadme?..
_ xa, xa, xa! _ gadixarxara kirilem. _ gana dedabrebis ambebis Sesatyobad davdivar, kaco?!
qalebs ras daveZeb, me qeifisaTvis davdivar, Se kaco!.. uSvilo dedabrebi RmerTsac moZulebuli
hyavs, me maT ras daveZeb!..
_ veravin geixsene, dariko? _ miubrunda das platoni.
_ vera, Zmao... vera... aq arc ki unda iyves magisTana vinme...
_ aba sxvagan saZebrad gamxdomia saqme! _ Tqva platonma.
_ mec SenTan var mZebneli, rogorc kaci! _ wamoiZaxa kirilem. _ Zmobas geficebi!.. arafris
gulisaTvis ar dagSordebi... vZebnoT, platon, vZebnoT! xa, xa, xa! Cems dReSi amgvar ucxo saqmeze
II nawili
ar mivlia da aqedan vici, rom bevri gasarTobi ambebi mogvelis! ramden dedabers sanatrelad
gavuxdiT uSvilod yofnas... xa, xa, xa! erTi Cxubi da ciloba unda avutexoT erTmaneTSi sawyal
dedabrebs, usaTuod! ar SeiZleba uamisoba!..
_ ra sisulelea axla mag?! egeb Seni wayola sulac aravis undodes!.. Zalaze xar Tu!.. _ mimarTa
441
darikom.
_ Zalaze var... Tu magisi mamaa bekina, mec mamad mergeba... simavria is kaci... ar unda gevisarjo
misTvis?!
_ aravin ar gTxovs!
_ aba razedaa es kaci mosuli?.. TviTon ar Tqva, SemewieTo? eg gadawyvetili saqmea, rom me
platonTan wamsvleli var sadedinacvlos saZebraT... xa, xa, xa! es gaTavebuli saqmea, Cemo dare-
jan, amaze nuRar Sewuxdebi... nu gewyineba da umjobesia vaxSamze dagvitrialde, Sen nu momik-
vdebi... ki, Cemo darejan... Seneburad, ise, guluxvad!
_ eg araferi Seni saswavlebeli saqmea... Sen Sens saqciels azri daatano, is girCevnia!.. _
wyeniT miugo darikom da zeze wamodga.
_ e, aki ar gamigulisda?! _ miaZaxa kirilem. _ aki ar gamigulisda? kai, mamaSeni nu mogikvdeba,
kai Tu giyvarde... wayolas ver gadavTqvam da sxva rame Tu uxeiro sityva miTqvams, bodiSi mo-
miTxovnia, Se qalo... meti ra vqna? bodiSi momiTxovnia. wayoliT ki, rom momkla, mainc unda
wavyve, rom... ar vici, ar vici, rac ar unda miqna... Sen ras ityvi platon?
_ Seni nebaa... _ miugo man, Tumca gunebaSi Zalian swyinda kiriles dajineba.
man kargad icoda kiriles xasiaTi da masTan mgzavroba, isinic amnair saqmeze, metad saf-
rTxilo iyo. rasakvirvelia, igi saseirnod midioda, rogorc TviTon Tqva, da amasTan yvelgan
tyuilubralod mudam Cxubis amtexi kirile swored xelSemSlelad Tu wahyveboda, Torem saq-
meSi Semwed ara. platons ar egona, Tu ase aiJinebda masTan mgzavrobas misi siZe, Torem ase ar
daiwyebda laparaks.
_ Seni nebaa! _ uTxra platonma, _ mara egeb bevri siarulic ar dagvWirdes... ager gzaSi,
ivane gverdevaniZe romaa, imas Sevxvdi da ise, laparakSi mohyva TviTon qvedureTSio, bregaZe-
ebisas, yofila erTi dedakaci, imisTana, me rom veZeb... samni Zmani yofilan is bregaZeebi... xom
araferi gagigonia, dariko, maT Sesaxeb?.. egeb icnobde kidec... a?..
_ bregaZeebi... qvedureTSi... ara, Zmao, ara, ar vici!
_ ise, sityvas mohyva... Zalian aqo gverdevaniZem.
_ mivideT da vnaxoT mere!.. _ wamoiZaxa kirilem.
_ ase xamaT rava mivide... jer ambavi unda gevigo... egeb uSvilo iyos, mara qajs gavdes, ra
oxrad minda maSin! _ Tqva platonma...
_ eklesiaze mivideT kvira dRes. mivikiTx-movikiTxoT, SevxedoT...
_ ara, ara, magre ar SeiZleba...
_ radganac agrea, Cemo Zmao, Sen magis mamidasTan midi... hkiTxe salomes da swor ambavs is
getyvis im qalis Sesaxeb... qvedureTi maTgan Sors ar aris da usaTuod ecodineba imis ambavi,
Sen rom qals ambob, _ urCia platons darikom. _ Tu ara da, SeiZleba Tavad imas egulebodes
vinme magvari.
_ bravo, bravo! _ Sehyvira kirilem. _ bravo, dariko! ai da yoCaR, qalo, eg namdvili rCevaa,
Sen nu momikvdebi!
_ mainc ase vizam, _ dasTanxmda platoni.
_ aba, mivdivarT xvalve mamidaCemTan! _ wamoiZaxa kirilem. _ xval! ara, platon?
_ xvalve unda wavideT.
_ Sen arsad wamsvleli ara xar! _ Seutia colma kiriles.
_ Tu giyvarde, magaze nuRarafers metyvi. Cemi saqme me ukeT vici... Sen Sens saqmes mouare!
darikom raRac wailaparaka gulmosulma da vaxSmis gankargulebis misacemad wavida.
_ da Tu ginda, platon, _ daiwyo kirilem siciliT, ager axlos erTi kai aznauriSvili
mokvda da zeg asveneben, xom ici, satiralSi ramdeni qvrivi dedakacia mimsvleli... mivideT iq,
davdgebi iseT adgilas, rom erTi Sexnierebuli dedakaci ver gamomepareba SeumCneveli... yvelas
II nawili
ambavs vikiTxav... egeb iqac vnaxoT Seni ornaqmarebi uSvilo... eg ufro advilic iqneba da saCqa-
roc... a, ras ityvi Sen?
_ Se kaco, ase gamosaqveyneblad ki ar minda eg saqme! _ RimiliT miugo platonma.
_ aba, mamidaCem salomesTan gavswioT, ravarc darikom gvirCia... Zalian kargi! es saqme ase
442
gvaqvs dawyobili xom da axla me waval da biWs movavlebieb Seni cxenisaTvis... Sen ki cota mois-
vene, namgzavric xar da mere vaxSmisaTvisac cota Semagreba dagWirdeba, rom qeifianad Sevud-
geT aqedanve saqmes, xa, xa, xa! _ gadixarxara kirilem, Seiyvana oTaxSi platoni da TviTon ki
dabla ezoSi Cavida.
_ hei, hei, netavi SenisTana xasiaTis mqone kacs! _ uneburad wamoiZaxa oTaxSi martod dar-
Cenilma platonma. _ yvelaferi Calad uRirs... Tavis qeifs misdevs... an ki ra uWirs? jer kidev
eyofa mamis danatovari... CemisTanam ikiTxos, heeei! _ amoioxra platonma, Seixsna qamari, gaixsna
Coxa da miwva iqve kedelTan mdgar taxtze.
Sebindebuli iyo, kirilem platoni rom gamoaRviZa.
_ ade, ade, platon Sen nu momikvdebi, imisTana vaxSams gvimzadebs dariko, rom Seni mowone-
buli!.. marTla, kaco, ram Segajina imisTana bedaurze, Sen rom mogiyvania?
_ ho! _ miaCerda platoni siZes.
_ Sen ar momikvde, iman WiSkramdinac veRar migiyvanos Sen, isea!.. _ gadixarxara kirilem.
_ zurgi iqneba gafuWebuli! _ daRonebiT wailaparaka platonma.
_ aqvs da agre?! sul erTianad gadaSvlepili aqvs!
_ im amosagdeb gverdevaniZis nawyalobebia magi ambavi! amoagdo misi ojaxi Cemma gamCenma...
mainc amosagdebia, rac is borotebas sTesavs!.. ra meSveleba axla? _ SewuxebiT warmosTqva pla-
tonma, _ axali Wiri ar evitexe?!
_ araferia, araferi! _ xalisianad SesZaxa kirilem. _ gulmagrad iyavi! cxens ver giSovi, Tu?
_ amas ra vuyo?
_ mag davtovoT... eger mezobeli yazaxi myavs, wamali icis imisTana, rom sam dReSi mourCens
zurgs... Cven wevideT da, rom davbrundebiT, cxens gamokeTebuls dagvaxvedrebs dariko. ara-
feria!.. aba, wevideT da erTi oriode sadRegrZelo davlioT Sebrawul goWze... RmerTsac Sem-
weoba vTxovoT da ase gavataroT es dro!.. samwuxaro jojoxeTSiac ar mogvakldeba da aq mainc
molxeniT viyveT, Se kaco!..
cota xnis Semdeg samive vaxSmis sufras miusxdnen. gamxiarulebuli kirile aTasnair sad-
RegrZeloebs igonebda da CaciebiT aZalebda coliZmas Rvinos.
_ nu awuxeb, kirile! _ eubneboda dariko, magram kirile Tavisas mainc ar iSlida.
_ aba, raT minda ojaxi, Tu CemTan mosuli kaci, mere kidev ra kaci, coliZma, qorwilSi rom
mpatiJobs, ar davaTvre, ar davalevie rjulze!.. rom ase ar vuqna, masTan rom mival, aRarc me
damalevinebs da wyalnasvams gamomistumrebs... raze vumtro Cem Tavs? ratom vqna eg? xa, xa, xa!
suleli var? Tu giyvarde, erTbaSad gamocale eg yanwi... sadedinacvlos sadRegrZeloa!.. emag-
re!.. magre!.. Seni Wirime, bez kapli, bez! _ xarxarebda kirile kidev didxans.
V
meore dRes mxiarul gunebaze myofni siZe da colisZma Tavis gzas gaudgnen. kirile mainc
metad xalisianad iyo, radganac bevr rasme gasarTobs gamoeloda am mogzaurobidan: misi war-
modgeniT, erTi davidaraba unda atexiliyo uSvilo, qvriv dedabrebs Soris, raki yurs moh-
kravdnen maTi mogzaurobis mizans. gafrTxilebac saWirod miaCnda, rom vinmes ar Semoetyue-
bina maTTvis Svilebamowyvetili dedaberi Svilis uyolis magivrad. yovelive aman, kiriles
cocxali eniT gamoTqmulma, bevri acina platonic da bolos esec xumrobis gunebaze daayena.
ase siciliT da xalisianad miemgzavrebodnen oriveni, rom uecrad kirilem xeli Sublze
Semoirtya, SeaCera cxeni da wamoiZaxa:
_ auih!
_ ra iyo? _ SeekiTxa platoni SeSinebiT. _ ra iyo, kirile?
II nawili
_ araferi, araferi gavwioT CvenTvis!..

_ raRac gagaxsenda, vai Tu raime saWiro saqme gqonda?
_ araferia, kaco, araferia! wamo... dahkari mag cxens!
_ Tu saidumlo araa, miTxari, Tu Zma xar?.. Sen ar momikvde, Sen ar dagabrkolo.
platons imedi mieca, egeb raime mizeziT ganTavisuflebuliyo Tanamgzavrisagan da amiT
443
Cumad da daubrkoleblad ekeTebia Tavisi saqme.
_ Sen ar momikvde, Cemi gulisaTvis me Sen ar SegiSalo xeli! _ ar eSveboda igi kiriles.
_ kaco, ra unda iyos, mival Tu ar mival, SafaTaZis qorwils amiT arc Seemateba rame, arc
ara daakldeba... wamo, kaco, wamo!
_ qorwilSi xar dapatiJebuli?
_ wamo, kaco!.. SafaTaZis qorwili ra saxsenebelia... ise wamomcda, rom gamaxsenda!..
_ rodisaa?
_ amaRam.
_ Tu Zma xar, Cemi gulisaTvis im kacs nu moindureb... dapatiJebuli hyavxar da ar mixvide?!
ratom unda awyenino?.. mamidaSenamdi gzas mec kargad gevigneb... pirvelad xom ar mivdivar
iqiTken? Tu Zma xar, kirile, nu dakargav mxiarulobas.
_ giTxari, rom arafris gulisaTvis ar dagSordebi-Tqva da gaTavebulia, SenTan unda via-
ro... qorwilebs raRas daveZeb!
_ aba, me ukan vbrundebi da xval waval salomesTan, _ Tqva platonma da cxeni moabruna.
_ Sen ar momikvde... dariko ar momikvdes... saxlSi rava gagabruneb?! _ gamoekida kirile da
Coxis kalTaSi waavlo xeli.
_ ratom Svrebi am saqmes, kirile? gavbrundebi da Sen saxlSi davicdi... Cemi saqme iseTia,
ginda dRes mivsulvar salomesTan, ginda xval... sul erTia! me Sen getyvi, aravin mogvaswros
da weiyvanos, Cven rom qals veZebT?!
_ ra ici... SeiZleba SensaviT sxvac vinme dawrialebdes da Tavqudmoglejili eZebdes uSvilo
dedabers!.. _ siciliT Tqva kirilem. _ xa, xa, xa!.. wamodi, kaco!
_ swored aRar movdivar! _ gadawyvetiT Tqva platonma.
_ biWo! ginda rom darikom saxlSi aRar SemiSvas?.. Sen rom mibrunebuli daginaxos, ra dRes
damiTenebs is qali, amas aRar kiTxulob?
_ arafers ar vaTqmevineb!
_ Sen rava dagiswrebs Cems awiokebaze!
_ aba, viyoT ase gaCerebuli am SaraSi da is iqneba! _ cota ar iyos ukmayofilobiT warmoTqva
platonma da cxens aRviri miuSva.
kirile gaCumda. ar icoda, raRa eqna da Cafiqrebuli iyo mcire xans. am kacis ukangabruneba
SiSs hgvrida darikos mxriv, Tan guliT qorwilSiac undoda wasvla. ra eqna, aRar icoda; amis
gamo gadametebul gasaWirSi grZnobda TavisTavs. magram aseTi mdgomareoba mxolod ramdenime
wuTs gagrZelda; kiriles gamWriaxma gonebam ucbad ipova mxsneli gza.
_ platon, radganac asea Cveni saqme, rom Sen mamidaCemTan aRar midixar da verc me gagiSveb
ukan saxlSi, erT rames getyvi da Tu Zma xar, uars nu metyvi!
_ ho!
_ arc erTs guli aRar dagvwydeba...
_ Tqvi, kaco!
_ modi orive amaRam SafaTaZisas mivideT!
_ SafaTaZisas?! _ gaikvirva platonma.
_ ho! da amaRam iq viqnebiT, xval ki wavalT salomesTan.
_ ras ambob, kirile!.. gadiria Cemi mteri! kacs ar vicnob, ar micnobs... qorwilSi mivide
ucnobi kaci?!
_ ra giWirs?..
_ tyvili araa axla mag?! _ da platonma isev miabruna cxeni da wkepla dahkra, magram kirilem
ucbad utaca xeli aRvirSi da gaaCera cxeni.
_ platon, Tu Cemi siyvaruli gaqvs... Tu Cemi Zmobisa rame gwams, axla gevigeb amas... gaficeb
II nawili
Sen col-Svils, SafaTaZisas unda wamoxvide!..

_ gasakvirveli saqmea, Sen nu momikvdebi!.. ras ityvis is adamiani, amisTana dRes ucxo kaci
karze mivadge? _ gajavrebiT warmoTqva platonma. _ ras ifiqrebs, hm?!
_ ityvis, rom kai kaci yofilao, _ siciliT daatana kirilem. _ sxvas ras ityvis?! SafaTaZis
444
wvevas miviReb, mival, Tan karg, patiosan aznouSvils, maszed gamoCenils, mivuyvan da imas miw-
yens?! rava gekadreba!.. ewyineba ki ara, Tavze Semogevleba! Se kaco, SenTan rom movide, ucxo
kaci momyves, Cemi keTili, sawyenad dagirCeba?.. a, miTxari, Tu Zma xar?.. karSi gamomagdeb? a?
_ ime!
_ hoda eg aris!.. mere me maspinZels vetyvi, mizezs gavagebineb _ saqme gvaqvs, usaTuod xval
adrianad wamavali var-Tqva, Zalian saWiro saqmeze-Tqva da ase, ise... erTi sityviT, Cemeburad...
Seni pativiscemac mindoda-Tqva da amasTan daSorebac ar SemeZlo-Tqva da amisTanebi... naxav
ager, rogori madlobeli dagirCes!.. ra ganaRvlebs, kaco, maspinZlis mets xom aravis ecodi-
neba, dapatiJebuli xar Tu ara, maspinZelTan ki, geubnebi, me vici!..
saSveli aRar misca kirilem da platoni iZulebuli gaxda daTanxmeboda SafaTaZisas was-
vlaze. survilasrulebuli kirile Zalian qeifs da drosgatarebas hpirdeboda qorwilSi, sa-
dac, misi sityviT, didZal sazogadoebas eqneboda Tavi moyrili Tavmomwone maspinZlisagan.
_ tanisamosic rom ar macvia... ase rava ivargebs? _ Tavis gaqneviT Tqva platonma, romelsac
Zalian uZneldeboda ucnob kacisas amnair dros daupatiJeblad misvla. _ aRar vici, RmerTmani...
vin ras ar ityvis!
_ erTi Senc kidev! _ miaZaxa kirilem, _ me ra, Senze ukeT macvia, Tu!.. netavi naxevari iq
myofi CvensaviT iqnebodes gamowyobili! ras ambob?!
axla yovelive amnairi laparaki sruliad amao iyo, radganac gza SafaTaZisken eWiraT. mgzav-
rebs nel-nela mihyavdaT cxenebi, rom maincdamainc adre ar misuliyvnen, sxva stumrisaTvis
ar mieswroT.
saRamovdeboda, roca SafaTaZis ezoSi Cavidnen. aq ukve blomad moeyaraT Tavi dapatiJe-
bulT. aivanze qalebi damsxdariyvnen. mosamsaxureni iqiT-aqeT darbodnen wesrigis gamgebelTa
Zaxilze.
ezoSi stumrebi midi-modiodnen. ismoda mxiaruli sicili, xiTxiTi. Robes dayoleba cxe-
nebi iyvnen mibmulni sarebze. kirilemac da platonmac aqve miabes cxenebi. kirile imwamsve
nacnobebSi gaeria, aqeT-iqiT gavard-gamovarda, yvelas daenaxva, yvela naxa; moZebna xanSi Se-
suli maspinZeli, miuloca qaliSvilis gabedniereba da iqve mouyva platonis Sesaxebac. moxu-
cebuli Zalian kmayofili darCa, madlobac uTxra kiriles, Tan rom awvia iseTi ojaxiSvili,
rogoric misi colisZma iyo; platons ki _ kadrebisaTvis. Txova da imedi gamosTqva, rom mol-
xeniT daamSvenebdnen mis ojaxs am bednier dRes. amnairma miRebam daaviwyebina platons Tavisi
uxerxuli mdgomareoba. cota xnis Semdeg igi SeuerTda sazogado afucfucebulebas, Tavi-
suflad grZnobda Tavs da mzad iyo mosalxenad.
Soridan moisma zurnis xma. xalxi SeinZra. zurnis xma TandaTan axlovdeboda. gaxSirda
srola dambaCebisa da revolverebisa. aivani sul erTianad moifina qalebiT; mTlad midamo
TiTqos gacocxlda. amoZravda; zurnis xma TandaTan ufro mkafiod modioda; ismoda momyolTa
Zaxili: ”hai”, ”hai!” da ramdenime xnis Semdeg CitiviT Semofrinda iaraRSi Camjdari, Tavze
ukan moqceuli koxta qudiT ymawvili, romelmac daZaxebasTan: ”mefe modis!.. maxarobeli var!”-
o, erTiorjel Camouara Tavisi aqafebuli cxeniT aivans, Semdeg qoriviT eZgera kibeze TasiT
mdgar ymawvils, swvda TasSi da warTmeuli TasiT gavarda isev ezodan moaxloebul mayrionTan
SesaerTeblad. es iyo maxarobeli.
_ bravo, bravo! _ hyviroda misi simardiT aRtacebuli xalxi da am xmaurobas SeuerTda
mosulTa Jriamuli, Tofebis xaTqa-xuTqi, cxenebis Tqara-Tquri da maTraxebis tylaSuni maTda
Sesaxureblad.
siZe movida Tavisi mayrioniT.
platons sruliad gadaaviwyda Tavisi saZebari uSvilo da ornaqmarebi sadedinacvlo, mama
bekinac, yovelive dardebi da gaSlili guliT am sazogado xalisianobas misca Tavi. axla mow-
yurebuli kaciviT undoda mxolod guli ejera da dRevandel gasarTobs daswafeboda. sxvebTan
II nawili
erTad igi cxeniT wahyva dedofals eklesiamdis da iqidan yurTwamRebi mayruliT gamohyva
axlad jvardawerilebs. grZel fanCaturSi mTeli Rame misi simRera ar Sewyvetila. moxucebulma
SafaTaZem gansakuTrebuli madlobac uZRvna platons molxenisaTvis.
sazogadoeba did mxiarulebaSi iyo, cekva-TamaSs bolo ar uCanda, Tumca qalebi TiTqmis
sul erTianad wavid-wamovidnen mosasveneblad. gaTenebas aRaraferi aklda, Rvinis smaSi Se- 445
jibrebuli ymawvilkacoba ki jer adgomas arc ki apirebda. zurnis moRlili, misustebuli xma
isev efineboda aqaurobas am RameSi, sxvadasxva simRerebTan SenacvlebiT.
Tumca Zalze mTvrali iyo platoni, magram Tvali mainc eWira kirilesaken, romelic daCe-
mebiT sclida yanws yanwze. cota xnis winaT im kuTxeSi, sadac kirile ijda, raRac laparaki
atyda, magram isev male mospes. kirile iseTnairad gamoiyureboda da cmacurobda, TiTqos
raRac samizezos eZebda, rom Cxubi aetexa, Cveulebisamebr. platonma Seatyo es, da ramdenadac
moexerxeboda, misken axlos miiwia.
_ Zalian Semcdari xarT! _ wamovarda kirile da namalevad gadadgmuli veeberTela Rvinis
staqani win daudga im ymawvils, romelmac moparva moindoma Rvinisa. _ Zalian Semcdari xarT!
_ me davlie da gadavedi... Semcdari Tqven brZandebiT! _ miugo ymawvilma.
_ eg gakliaT da axlave unda gamocaloT! _ gulmosulobiT miaZaxa kirilem.
_ xelmeored raze davlev!..
_ dalie!.. me miTqvams TqvenTvis...
_ moiTmineT, moiTmineT, ymawvilebo! _ miaZaxes aqeT-iqidan. atyda yayani. vin kiriles mxares
iWerda, vin _ ymawvilisas.
_ dalie axlave! _ isev miayvira kirilem. _ macaleT erTi, Tu SeiZleba... amas rava vapatieb
mag staqans! mere trabaxobiT yurebi magan unda gamomiWedos?!
_ SenTan ra trabaxoba mWiria... ra kaci xar imisTana! _ miaZaxa Tavis mxriv ymawvilma.
_ rac kaci var, axlave gaCveneb, mag gamocale Tu ara! _ daubRvira kirilem.
_ kirile, kirile! _ amSvidebdnen aqedan.
_ kosta, kosta! _ awynarebdnen meore mxridan ymawvils.
_ ra kacia... ra kacia! erTi Segvaxedvinos mainc! _ iyvira kostam.
_ ui, Sen cindalo, cindalo! _ miaZaxa kirilem, daavlo staqans xeli da, rac Sig Rvino iyo,
sul erTianad cxvir-pirSi Seasxa ymawvils.
erTis Tvalis daxamxamebaze vefxviviT sufraze axta kostas Zma. mis xelSi gaipriala sate-
varma kiriles dasartymelad da usaTuod iqve gaaTavebda kidec, rom amnair Cxub-kinklaobaSi
gamoqnil ymawvilebs ucbad xelidan ar gamoeglijaT moelvare iaraRi.
Seiqna erTi yvirili, arev-dareva. axla xeldaxel ecnen erTmaneTs; gaxurda muStebis moq-
neva. gamzaveblebi did mecadineobaSi iyvnen; hyvirodnen, acilebdnen maCxubarT erTmaneTs,
magram veras xdebodnen.
VI
mze kargad amosuli iyo, platons rom gamoeRviZa meore dRes. miixed-moixeda, am oTaxSi
masTan mxolod kirile iwva taxtis meore boloSi _ sxva aravin iyo.
gamoRviZebisTanave gaaxsenda wuxandeli ambavi da guli usiamovnod moekumSa. ucbad wa-
modga sawolidan, gadaicva axaluxi, mivida fanjarasTan da ezoSi gadaixeda. iqaurobas aravi-
Tari mimsgavseba ar hqonda wuxandeli maspinZlis ezo-saxl-karobisa. jer azrad ver movida,
ras niSnavda eg, mere ki mixvda, rom usaTuod mezoblisas gadagviyvanes gazavebis Semdego.
bundovnad axsovda, rom is da kirile cxenebze Sesxes da sadRac gamoaqanes axal gaTenebulze;
axsovda, rom Cxubi mouxdaT, magram dawvrilebiT araferi agondeboda, _ imdenad mTvrali iyo
im dros. axla ki guli mosdioda, brazi ereoda, rom am gadareul kacs daujera, mis sityvas
ahyva da amnairi samarcxvino ambavi SeemTxva. ra iyo am ucnob ojaxSi daupatiJeblad qorwilSi
misvla, Cxubi, ayalmayali!.. maTi ase gamogdeba ezos gadmoRma! aba, am sruliad ucnob saxlSi,
naCxubarT, nacem-natyepT ra undodaT?!
_ me oxriSvils, ra mrjida qorwilSi sasiarulod?.. ra meqorwileboda?! saqme ar mqonda me
II nawili
upatronos, Tu?! hm! Tavi raze Sevircxvine?.. salaparakod rava miveci Cemi Tavi am sulelTan
imden xalxs!.. rava ar unda momklas Cemma patronma? rava ar unda momklas? rava var Sesabrale-
beli!.. raze vimdurebi CemisTana oxeri mamis SeubraleblobisaTvis?! _ da javrSemowolili
platoni xan dajdeboda, xan mousvenrad dadioda oTaxSi; mere, TiTqos raRac gaaxsendao, Caicva
wuRebi, Seikra axaluxi da Coxas daavlo xeli. gaSala _ uyura, uyura da gulmosulma daabertya
446
iatakze. Coxa sam-oTx adgilas iyo gaxeuli.
_ Sen ki gauqri Sens patrons! _ wamoiZaxa da kiriles gadaxeda.
am wamoZaxebam kirile gamoaRviZa.
_ adeqi, platon? _ kirile cqvitad wamojda sawolSi. platonma xma ar gasca.
_ Zalian ar vsdeviT im cindalas, kostaa Tu prosta! xa, xa, xa! Sen nu momikvdebi, eyofa erT
xanze... kai xania, misi jini mWirda da kidevac evisrule survili, vijere guli misi tyepiT...
Zalian marjveT ar viyaviT?.. Sen, Sen? ai da platon!.. mters moxvda Seni muSti. erTi mec momxvda
SecdomiT... aqamdisin ar vicodi, Tu magisTana mware xelis patroni iyavi... icocxle, imaT dRes
gverdebi ayvebodaT... xa, xa, xa! _ ise xalisianad ambobda amas da Tan icinoda kirile, rom uami-
sodac gajavrebul platons amiT mxolod javri emateboda ufro.
man veRar moiTmina siZis aseTi udardeloba da sityva gaawyvetina.
_ axirebulia, RmerTs vficavar... Sen ra sikeTe dagayares?.. daixede, Sens Tavze, warbi gaqvs
gaCexili!..
_ Zalianaa? _ ise ikiTxa kirilem, viTomc aq araferiao.
_ geyofa.
_ araferia... amasac vazRvevineb, sadac iqneba... Tu dResve ara!..
_ Sen, Cemo batono, rogorc gnebavdes ise qeni, da erTi es Coxa gamikervinebie visme da Cems
gzas davadgebi...
_ rava, Coxa Semogaxies?.. uyure im lawirakebs!.. sxva ra SeuZliaT, dedakacebiviT imwamsve
CoxaSi unda gecen da tanisamosi unda Semogafxriwon... ai magaT ki davasxi Tavslafi!..
_ batono, erTi Sen es sikeTe miqeni da ramerigad gevetio...
_ axlave, axlave! gvarianaTac gvZinebia! ehe, ramdenze wamosula mze!
kirile wamodga da aCqarebiT Cacma daiwyo.
_ am oxriSvilebs marto Coxebis xeva SesZlebiaT! _ wamoiZaxa man, Coxas rom xeli mohkida.
_ sul erTianad ar mouTxleSiaT kalTa!.. ai, Tqven ki ra giTxraT! Tqven ki ra giTxraT!..
daavlo xeli orsave Coxas, gaaRo aivanze kari, gahyo Tavi da daiZaxa:
_ caciei, caciei! _ da roca am daZaxilze aivanze gamoirbina fexSiSvela patara gogom,
kirilem gauwvdina Coxebi da uTxra: _ biZiko, Tu SeiZleba, es Coxebi, ravarc iqneba, ise gami-
lambe... ravarc iqneba... RameSi Robes gamovedeviT da aseTi ubedureba mogvivida. aba he, Sens
gazrdas!..
gogom gamoarTva Coxebi da fexebis braguniT gadirbina aivani. kirilem mixura kari. pla-
toni warbebSekruli aqeT-iqiT dadioda. kirile atyobda, rom amrezili iyo da xmas aRar iRebda.
magram cota xnis Semdeg ase munjad yofna veRar SeiZlo kirilem da wamoiZaxa:
_ axal Coxebs gvikeraven, Tu ra deemarTaT am ojaxdaqceulebs!.. awi sadilaTac dajdebian
da ar dagvagviandes...
es nametani iyo platonisaTvis; igi miubrunda da gakvirvebiT gadaxeda kiriles.
_ RmerTmani, kai Zali dRea gasuli. droiT jobia mainc misvla...
_ sad, ymawvilo?
_ rogor Tu sad?.. sadac wuxel viyaviT!
_ marTla ambob magas, Tu xumrob?
_ marTla vambob... ra xumroba unda?! aba, ar mivideT?.. ra mizezia?
_ Sen, Cemo Zmao, ravarc gnebavdes, ise iare, da me ki Seni mgzavri aRar gaxlavar!..
_ ra iqna, Se kaco?.. ra moxda amisTana? ginaxavs, rom qorwili iqneba Tu dReoba, rame laparaki
ar moxdes?.. ra vuyoT mere?.. marto Cvens Tavze momxdara, rac wuxel saqme mogvixda, Tu rogo-
raa?! an ra iyo aseTi rame?.. sxvas aravis Sexvdomia Tu?
_ Sen, batono, ravarc gnebavdes da me ki dro ar maqvs...
II nawili
_ dro ar gaqvs, Tvara geiqcevian Seni dedabrebi sadme!

_ geiqcevian Tu gaCerdebian, eg sul erTia, me droze unda davbrunde saxlSi. ase uTavbo-
lod yanyali ar SemiZlia!..
_ Se kaco, erTi dRe ra unda iyos! me TveobiT vrCebi xolme saxlis gareT, magram rom miv-
447
brunebulvar saxlSi, yovelTvis yorifeli ise damxvTomia, rogorc damitovebia!
_ kacia da guneba!..
am laparakSi gogom gakerili Coxebic Semoutana, mere moarTva pirsabani wyali orsaves,
siZe-colisZmas, da male orive Cacmul-daxurulni wasasvlelad mzad iyvnen. kirile bevrs
exvewa SafaTaZisas mibrunebuliyvnen isev, magram platoni veras gziT ver daiyolia; is ki ara,
pirdapir uTxra siZes, rom maTi erTad mgzavroba, rogorc etyobao, SemdegSi aRar unda iqmnes
saqmisaTvis saxeiro. amis gagonebam kirile Zalian daafTxo; SiSs mieca, platoni ar gajiute-
buliyo da ukan ar gabrunebuliyo misda Tavidan mosacileblad. swored amis SiSiT kirilem
gadaTqva SafaTaZisas mibruneba, mzad iyo yurmoWril ymad gaxdomoda yvelaferSi platons da
kidevac mouxSira iseT laparaks, romelic maTi mgzavrobis sagans Seexeboda.
_ platon, satiralSi ar mivideT?.. rom giTxari _ dResaa is tirili, _ mimarTa man platons.
_ Cemi satiralic meyofa, sxvisaSi ar gaverio, Cemo Zmao! _ miugo platonma da gavida aivanze.
kirilec Tan gahyva. ezoSi biWi dainaxa, miixmo, cxenebi moiTxova, madloba daabara maspinZelTan,
romelic ukve SafaTaZisas wasuliyo dilidan, da oriveni Sesxdnen cxenebze.
xmagakmendili kirile gverdiT misdevda platons. kiriles gaugebroba hklavda imis Sesa-
xeb, Tu ras fiqrobda misi gabutuli colisZma, _ apirobda axla wasvlas mamida salomesTan, Tu
saxlSi brundeboda? saWiro iyo am gulmosuli kacis gaxaliseba, Torem amnair gunebaze myofi
usaTuod saxlisken gaemarTeboda. didxans emzada amisaTvis kirile da bolos mimarTa colis-
Zmas RimiliT:
_ platon!.. kaia, Se kaco!.. deiviwye Tu giyvarde, rac CemiT SegemTxva... mijavrdebi kidev?
_ sulac ara, _ civad miugo platonma.
_ rava ara!.. ver gatyob Tu?.. Se kaco, petre mociqulma samjer iuara qristes mowafeoba,
magram amisaTvis samidRemCiod ar dasjila, isev sayvarel mowafed darCa da Sen CemiT erTi
usiamovneba SegemTxva _ amas veRar damiviwyeb?! kaia, Tu giyvarde!
platons uneblieT gaeRima am sityvebze. kiriles iama da iseTnairad dautrialda, rom
cota xnis Semdeg marTla yvelaferi gadaaviwya platons. aqamde gulamRvreuli kirile gaaxa-
lisiana am garemoebam, waaTamama da sityva Seapara mamidamisis Sesaxeb:
_ kidev karg dros mivalT! _ Tqva man.
_ sad? _ ikiTxa platonma.
_ mamidaCemTan.
_ ase Semofxrewili CoxiT mivide salomesTan?..
_ Semofxrewili ki ara!.. sulac araferi ar etyoba mag Sens Coxas... axaliviTaa, Tavi nu mo-
mikvdeba!..
gadasaxvevi axlos iyo da axla kirile ufro TavgamodebiT dafacurda, rom colisZma sax-
lisaken ar gaeSva, ras ar mohyva, ras ar masxrobda, rarigad ar cdilobda mis ufro gamxiaru-
lebas, ras ar igonebda, rom gaecinebina da amasobaSi Tavis sityvaze daeyolebina.
ager gadasaxvevTanac mividnen, saidanac marjvniv unda gaexviaT, Tu kiriles mamidasTan
iyvnen wamsvlelni.
kirilem masxrobas ufro umata. platoni kargad xedavda, ra cecxlSiac iwvoda misi siZe.
_ platon... biWo, gaixsene petre mociquli... ra epativa mas da visgan?! mec mepativos, biWo,
Sengan, ra didi saqme iqneba, erTi mepativos!.. nu gadamkideb darikos Tu raime sibraluli
gaqvs Cemi, nu gaaxeleb Sens das Cemze da ra ginda Cemgan! Tu dariko gamigulisda, unda davjde
saxlSi da xom SemexuTa suli da guli!.. mixede, kaco, RmerTs!.. biWo, erTxel Segcode, meti xom
ara!.. biWo, petre mociqulis ambavi geixsene, Se uRvTo, Se uRvTo!.. wamodi aqeT... marjvniT
midis Cveni gza, marjvniT, RmerTi gamarjvebas mogcems!.. _ da kirilem gadauxvia mamidamisisken
mimaval gzaze.
II nawili
platoni sicils veRar ikavebda, gacxarebiT molaparake kiriles rom uyurebda. erT xans
cxeni SeaCera da mere, roca kirilem aRvirSi mohkida xeli da marjvniv gadaaxvevina, gulianad
gadixarxara da gahyva siZes.
_ Zalian ar douSinebixar darikos, kirile?! xa, xa, xa!
_ nu SegeSindeba Sen!.. is rom ar myavdes, Cemo Zmao, Cems ezoSi ZaRls ver naxavdi gamvlels!..
448
vufrTxildebi, ar gavajavro Cemze _ sxva raRa sikeTe ayria Cemgan?! ramdenadac SemiZlia, amas
vcdilob, Tumca xSirad esec maviwydeba, Cemda saubedurod... erTob sulgrZeli adamiania, Zmobas
geficebi!.. RvTisnieri adamiania, rom ityvian... da Senc Segatyobs kaci, rom misi naTesavi unda
iyve... Segatyobs! _ siciliT daatana kirilem. _ Tumca mSvenieri sadili ki damakargvie da Senc
dahkarge... im oxer SafaTaZes Zalian maspinZloba eqneba dRes... Zalian momzadebuli iyo! glaxa
gunebaze iyavi, Tvara araferi ar gviWirda, rom mivbrunebuliyaviT... erTi imaTac Tvalebs
dovubrialebdi... cnobas mivcemdi!.. axla ki ase mSier mucelzed karga xans mogvixdeba Treva,
sanam mamidaCemamdi mivawevdeT!
_ isev SafaTaZe gagaxsenda? _ gaicina platonma. _ me rom Sen viyo, xmasac aRar amoviRebdi...
Senc sakmaoT gergo, Cemo kirile, muStebi, Sen nu momikvdebi!..
_ Cemganac ar dahklebiaT, nu geSinia... kidev ufro mivarTmevdi, rom xelidan ar gamoegli-
jaT!.. _ kirilem kidev didxans ilaparaka Tavis yoCaRobaze, bevri itrabaxa Tavis simarjveze
da mTeli gza imis ambebSi iyo, Tu sad ra Cxubi Sexvdomia, visTan riTi gaTavebula da ra vaJkacoba
gamouCenia. magram am laparakSiac xSirad agondeboda dakarguli, mitovebuli lxini da es
gaxseneba ufro ucxovelebda SimSilis grZnobas da, amiT awrialebuli, Tavs miT inugeSebda
kidev, rom gzaSi duqani eguleboda, sadac SeeZlo wina Rames smiT amomwvari yeli daelbo da
carieli mucelic oriode lukma puriT daekmayofilebina.
VII
mze karga gadaxrili iyo, Cveni mgzavrebi rom im jimSer saloberiZis saxls miuaxlovdnen,
romelsac hyavda kiriles mamida salome.
saloberiZe erTi im aznaurTagani iyo, romelTac raRac manqanebiT dRes kidev SerCeniaT
imdeni mamuli, rom SeuZliaT rigianad icxovron da gauWirveblad gauZRvnen TavianT ojaxs.
moxucebuli jimSeri swored gonieri kaci iyo, Segnebuli; da eg iyo mizezi, rom mis ojaxSi
yovelive TavTavis rigze iyo; usaqmurs aq ver naxavdiT. rac gaewyoboda, SvilebisaTvisac swavla
ar dauklia. cocxali gonebis patrons jimSers sainteresod hqonda yovelive sazogado saqme
da mis axlos yovelTvis gesmodaT amnair saqmeze sja-baasi. TviT kargi molaparake, masTan
sxvasac ena amoedgmeboda xolme da laparakis xalisi emateboda. SeZlebiT Roniers, purads,
stumarTmoyvare saloberiZes TiTqmis yoveldRe stumari hyavda saxlSi: vin mosalaparakeblad
modioda, vin rCevis sakiTxavad, vin Semweobis saTxovnelad, vin ise tyuilad, sanaxavad, rom
megobruli kavSiri ar Seewyvita am kacTan. metadre ymawvilkacobas uyvarda saloberiZisas
Tavis moyra; aq maT xvdebodaT mimRebi maspinZeli, romelmac maTi ayola icoda, romelTanac
isini Tavisuflad masxaraobdnen, oxunjobdnen, enamaxvilobdnen da siamovnebiT atarebdnen
dros am enamaxvilian da xalisian moxucebulTan.
dResac Tavi moeyaraT aq ymawvilebs da molxenili sadilis Semdeg farTo aivanze gamofe-
nilT, erTi sicili, xarxari da yayani hqondaT. zalaSi isev aulagebeli iyo sufra, radganac
sadilic is iyo gaTavda.
ezoSi Semosul kiriles amaTgan danaxva da miZaxeba: “kirile! kirile!”-o, erTi iyo.
kiriles Zlier esiamovna am Sekrebilebis danaxva, erTi dahkivla ucnaurad, gadahkra cxens
maTraxi da SurduliviT gaqanebuli cxeni, romelmac erTis Tvalis daxamxamebaSi gadirbina
farTo ezo, kibeze Seagdo.
_ hai, hai! _ Tan dasWeqa kirilem.
_ mag SeCvenebuli usaTuod galeSilia! marcxi ar mouvides! _ wamoiZaxa jimSerma da sxvebTan
erTad kibisken gamoiqca.
kibeze Semogdebulma cxenma fexi veRar moimagra da waforTxilebuli daeca gverdze. daeca
II nawili
kirilec, magram isev mardad wamovarda da axla aqelebuli idga ymawvilebiT garSemortymuli.
_ rava iqneba, ymawvilo, aseTi gaufrTxilebloba?! _ mimarTa jimSerma kiriles.
_ biZias vaxlavarT!.. ukacravad, Seni Wirime! _ da kirile biZamiss miesalma.
aivanze avida platonic da jimSerisadmi misalmebis Semdeg sxvebsac miesalma.
449
kirilem Seixeda zalaSi da, sufras rom Tvali mohkra, wamoiZaxa:
_ amitomaa sasiamovno aq mosvla! if!.. Seni Wirime, Seni, Cemo biZia! _ da igi mivida magidasTan,
daavlo jer erT boTls xeli, mere meores, mesames da carielebi rom SerCa, langariT Cais
Camomrigebel jimSeris qaliSvils miaZaxa:
_ mag Cais rom daacunculeb, magis magierad, Se qalo, erTi boTli Rvino Semoitano is
sjobia, Cemo veriCka!
_ jer es miirTvi da mere Rvinosac mogarTmev! _ miugo veriCkam.
_ Tu Cemi siyvaruli gaqvs, Cemo veriCka, erTi boTli axlave Semomirbenine!
_ ki, batono! _ upasuxa veriCkam da sxvebs miawoda Cai.
kirile mTvrali iyo da platoni Tvals ar aSorebda mas. gzaze, duqanSi, platonis saube-
durod, maT Sexvdnen kiriles viRac nacnobi ymawvilebi, da ZlivsZlivobiT daaSora maT Tavisi
siZe misgan datanjulma platonma. axla ise amoiJina kirilem boTlebis danaxvaze Rvino, rom
misi gadaTqmevineba yovlad SeuZlebeli iyo. ra xerxi ar ixmares, rom rogorme zalidan gamo-
etyuebinaT aivanze; hpirdebodnen, ai, ager mogitanT Rvinosao, ai agero. magram bolos kiri-
lemac Seatyo, rom Txovnas aravin usrulebs da apilpilda, guli mouvida, gawyra.
_ ra iqna, kirile... aseTi yvelas Sewuxeba gagonila? dawynardi, ymawvilo! _ mivida masTan
platoni. _ nu Seawuxe yvela!
kirilem erTi TvaliT gadahxeda da miaZaxa:
_ vis yvelas vawuxeb, biWo, vis yvelas?.. Tu yvelaT Seni Tavi migaCnia?.. ra moxda, Tu ici?
dedinacvals erTs ki ara aTs giSovi!.. biZia, Tu Sen gawuxeb, bodiSi momixdia da amas ra awuxebs,
kiTxe, Tu giyvarde!..
_ dawynardi, ymawvilo! _ Seutia SeSinebulma platonma, rom kiriles ar wamoscdenoda
meti.
_ Zalian ar wuxs?! erT uSvilo dedabers deeZebs sadedinacvlod da miTxariT, Cemgan ra
Sewuxeba mihyenebia... davdev ukan meZebariviT!.. egeb, biZia, gegulebodes sadme uSvilo deda-
beri da am ymawvils egeb guli douSoSmino!..
platoni gaSra, sircxvilisagan cocxlebSi aRar eria. mzad iyo iqve gaegorebina es gale-
Sili kaci, romelsac aRarc ki esmoda araferi am qveynisa, romelic sruls gonebaze aRar iyo
da romlisganac amdeni vaivaglaxi gadaxda sul mcire xanSi. magram Seikava Tavi, raRac waibut-
buta, aivanze gavida da rikuls mieyrdno gawiwmatebuli. kirile ki Tavisas ar iSlida.
_ kosta! _ miaZaxa man zalaSi Semosul mosamsaxure biWs. _ kosta, biWo, Rvino! ar gesmis Sen?
_ axlave, batono! _ miugo biWma da ucbad gavarda zalidan.
Rvino mainc aravis mohqonda.
_ veriCka, ase waxdiT? _ miaZaxa mamidaSvils kirilem. _ Rvino gamogeliaT?!
_ axlave iqneba! _ wamoiZaxa veriCkam da esec saCqarod Camoecala kiriles.
kirilem cota xans kidev uyura da bolos moTmineba daekarga; erTi miixed-moixeda zalaSi
warbSeWmuxvniT, wamoavlo quds xeli da aCqarebuli nabijiT gaemarTa zalidan, gaiara aivani
da ezoSi Cavida.
_ sad mixval, ymawvilo? _ miaZaxa jimSerma.
kirilem xmac ar gasca, Cavida qveviT, Sejda Tavis cxenze, wamovida aivnisken da platons
SesZaxa brZaneblobiT:
_ wamodi... platon!.. ar gesmis?
_ xom ar gadareulxar, ymawvilo?.. _ miugo platonma aivnidan.
_ sad unda waxvide, ymawvilo?.. _ mimarTa jimSerma. _ sad unda waxvide?
_ ar gesmis Sen Cemi? _ isev SemosZaxa platons. _ cxenze Sejeqi axlave, Tvara!
_ nu irevi, ymawvilo! _ kidev mimarTa jimSerma. _ CafiT meiyude Rvino, Tuki agre guliT
II nawili
ginda!..
_ Tqveni Rvinis mwyurvales Tavslafi davasxi!.. Sen, ei, platon, Cemi ar gesmis?!
jimSeri gaCerda amis gagonebaze, platoni mivida rikulebTan da gajavrebiT gadasZaxa:
_ ra RmerTi giwyreba, kirile?.. ra RmerTi giwyreba?! aseTi gadareva iqneba?!
450
_ ar moxval?
_ sad unda wamovide, ymawvilo?
_ ara?! _ iyvira kirilem, miatriala cxeni da xmalamoRebuli SurduliviT gaeqana platonis
cxenisaken.
_ mohkla cxeni, cxeni mohkla! _ iyvires aivanze da usaTuod cxeni sazarlad daiWreboda,
rom aivnidan Camoqanebul platons qva ar esrola cxenisaTvis da misi damfrTxali cxeni gver-
dze ar gamxtariyo. magierad Ronivrad moqneulma da cxens dacilebulma xmalma mTvrali ki-
rile marjvniv ise gadaitana, rom Tavi veRar Seimagra da miwaze mZimed daeca.
kirile kinaRam xmals wamoego. Seiqna erTi wivil-kivili. yvela imisken mirboda da maT win
kidev platoni.
_ miSveleT, miSveleT! _ gamovarda da misken gaeqana xnieri qali, romelsac ukan veriCka
misdevda.
kirile ki wamodga zeze, aiRo xmali da platonisaken wamovida dasartymelad, magram pla-
tons win Camoudga erTi ymawvilTagani, swvda xelSi kiriles da Caagebina qarqaSSi xmali.
_ kirile... Svilo... ra iyo?.. ra mogivida, genacvalos mamidaSeni! _ alersiT eubneboda
xnieri qali, mamidamisi salome, magram kiriles amisi ara esmoda-ra, meti gajavrebisagan xma-
gakmedili moajda cxens, Semohkra maTraxi da TqrSialiT gaeqana WiSkrisaken.
_ gouReT... gouReT mag SeCvenebuls WiSkari... gouReT... mag Tavlafdasxmuls, magas! _ miay-
vira ukan jimSerma.
_ ra ari, ymawvilo... raneiri saqcielia?.. _ Seutia jimSers salomem. _ ra Wkuaa axla mag?..
da Sewuxebuli qali, erT adgilas gaSeSebuli, misCereboda qveviTken mimqrolav Zmiswuls,
romlis qudiRa moCanda, TiTqos qarisagan motacebuli, Robeebis sarebs zeviT.
_ ra iyo? ra mouvida mag ubedurs?.. vin awyenina, ase rom gadiria mag SavdReze dabadebuli!
_ wuwunebda salome.
platoni amqveynad aRar iyo javriT.
_ ratom mkvdari ara var axla... razed fexebi ar momtyda da magas wamovyevi? _ gaiZaxoda
sacodavi.
_ ra vuyoT, biZiko... Seni ra bralia... mag SeCvenebulma ase icis yovelTvis!.. madloba RmerTs,
rom ase advilad movrCiT kidev! _ gaicina jimSerma.
_ Tqven nu momikvdebiT, rac me am or dReSi gadamxda magisagan, ar vici, Tu rodisme kacs
amdeni gasaWiri enaxos erTi kacis mizeziT... _ naRvlianad ambobda platoni da mohyva, rac
ambavi mouvida SafaTaZisas, kirile ranairad daTvra gzaze duqanSi, saidanac ZlivsZlivobiT
wamoiyvana aqeT. es kaci, romelsac winandeli mwuxarebac eyofoda, am axlad gadaxdili usia-
movnebis Semdeg, metad gamwarebuli iyo. amitom iseTnairi kiloTi laparakobda, swored See-
codeboda kacs, rom TviT ambavi sasacilo ar yofiliyo.
_ sacxa CeiCexeba axla is ubeduri da erTi sacodaoba unda moxdes! _ wailaparaka mwuxarebiT
salomem.
_ CeiCexeba ki ara... erTi Sen, javrob kidev! _ mimarTa jimSerma.
_ aba, ra... o, RmerTo, RmerTo! _ amoioxra salomem da aivnidan saxlSi Sevida.
platonis moTxrobilma ambavma iq myofT bevri sxva winandeli Tavgadasavali gaaxsena ki-
rilesi da cota xnis Semdeg aivanze isev sicil-xarxari da xmauroba ismoda. isev karg gunebaze
dadgnen yvelani da winandeburad siamovnebdnen.
VIII
platoni kidev didxans iyo ugunebod, martod mjdomi zalis kuTxeSi, patara rgval magi-
dasTan, CaiT win da jer kidev ver daewynarebina Tavisi guli. rarigad ar lanZRavda da aginebda
II nawili
TavisTavs, rom gadareul kacTan mgzavroba ar daiSala da amdeni usiamovneba da gawvaleba

gamoiara... gawvaleba gawvaleba iyo, magram mas ufro sircxvili hklavda, im wyeulma rom mTel
sazogadoebaSi wamoiZaxa da misi saidumlo gaamJRavna. rasakvirvelia, axla samasxrod iqneboda
agdebuli am ymawvilebisagan, romelnic dilidan saRamomdis mxolod imiT arian garTulni,
rom saoxunjo, sasacilo da samasxro sagani ram an moigonon, an SeamCnion visme. amaze iklavda 451
Tavs platoni da imnair gunebaze dadga, rom mzad iyo xeli aeRo Tavis ganzraxvaze, mietovebina
Tavisi saqme, amwamsve ukan gabrunebuliyo saxlSi, Tavi mienebebina yovelivesaTvis da dae, rac
unda is momxdariyo.
_ mSvenieri adgili amogirCeviaT, Tu kaci var!.. am tkbil sasmelTan tkbili musaific ufro
mosaxerxebelia, Tavi nu momikvdeba!
da amis mTqmeli, momRimare saxis, ase ocdaSvidis, ocdacxra wlis ymawvili kaci moujda
gverdiT.
_ aznauri aristo qvaSaviZe gaxlavar... imedi maqvs axlos rom gavicnobT erTmaneTs, cud
kacad ar damsaxavT. amas Tamamad vityvi swored!.. keTilSobili kaci yovelTvis keTilSobili
kacisagan unda icnobebodes... da Tu jer Cemi namdvili keTilSobileba me TqvenTan arafriT
damimtkicebia, imedi maqvs, male TvalsaCinod dagimtkicoT... diax!
platoni uxerxul mdgomareobaSi Cavarda, ra epasuxna, ra miego am ucnauri kacisaTvis?
mere kidev es kaci ise sxapasxupiT isroda sityvebs, rom am moulodneli TavdacemiT gafaci-
cebuli, igi misCereboda qvaSaviZes da ar icoda, ra pasuxi mieca. mis bedze es ymawvili TiTqos
arc ki aclida magier sityvas, igi TiTqos Cqarobda Tavisi saTqmelis daTavebas, romelic mok-
le ar unda yofiliyo, rogorc etyoboda.
ymawvilma kacma rom Tavisi Tavi dawvrilebiT warudgina platons, sakmaod rom gaacno,
ufro axlos miiwia misken da xmadadablebiT hkiTxa:
_ Tqven marTla eZebT sadedinacvlo qals?.. gkiTxavT amas, rogorc patiosan kacs... marTla
eZebT?
platonma Tvalebi miaStera amis mkiTxvels. risTvis ekiTxeboda amas es kaci? ra undoda,
ra hqonda gunebaSi am kiTxvis dros? ai, kiriles nawyalobebi ambavi! _ gaifiqra platonma.
_ eZebT xom?.. _ ganumeora kiTxva aristom, radganac platoni pasuxs ugvianebda. _ xom?
_ batono, raRacas uWkuo, gonebadakarguli kaci wamoayrantalebs, ra gasagonaria, Tu Rmer-
Ti gwamT!..
_ ara, ara! _ gaawyvetina sityva aristom. _ ara, patiosnebas gaficebT, patiosnebas... miTxa-
riT!
_ batono!
_ ara, Tqven ar ifiqroT, rom me raime cudi azriT da uxeiro ganzraxviT gekiTxebodeT...
mogaxsenebT, ver micnob jereT, marTalia, magram, rom gamicnobT, cud kacad ar mimiRebT-
Tqva, mogaxsenebT Tamamad...
_ batono, magas raze...
_ TviTon batoni xar da keTilSobili da, rogorc keTilSobils, ise gkiTxav mec, keTil-
Sobili kaci... miTxariT, marTla eZebT Tqven sadedinacvlos, Tu ara?
platonma veRar SeZlo daefara Tavisi saidumlo am ucnaurad Cacivebul kacisTvis.
_ veZeb! _ miugo man bolos.
_ Tqven Zma gyavT?
_ ara!
_ da?
_ gaTxovili!
_ kai dagemarTosT! bednieri kaci Sen yofilxar!.. axla dedinacvals eZeb, ornaqmarebs,
uSvilos, imitom rom geSinia, mamulSi moziare ar gagiCndes, _ eg advili misaxvedria da, Tu
Cems patiosnebaSi eWvi ar Segaqvs, amis mizezi, imedi maqvs, ar momicia TqvenTvis, sando kacad
miyurebT...
_ magas raze nebulobT! ratom ara! _ daatana platonma.
II nawili
_ ara, ara! me sxvanairi kaci var... ostatobiT gamoglejili, dacdenili sityviT me arasodes
ar visargebleb. amas me Cems Tavs ar vkadreb, Tqven ar momikvdeT! Tu mendobiT. Tu daijerebT
Cems sityvas, me migaswavliT swored imisTana qals, romelic namdvil saTqvenoa, Tqveni xel-
mosakidebelia... ar warmoidginoT, rom me Tqveni motyueba mwaddes. maSin RmerTma aqve gamaTa-
452
vos! me maWankali ar gaxlavar zogierTiviT, ar ifiqroT... arc vikadreb magnair xelobas!..
_ rasakvirvelia!
_ ara, amas imitom geubnebi, rom egeb Sen sxvafer ifiqro rame. qali ki swored zed gamoW-
rilia imaze, Tqven rom gwadiaT... ornaqmarebia, Svili ar hyolia Tavis dReSi, arc moxucebulia,
kacma rom Tqvas... mSvidobiani, wynari, gulkeTili, arc ulamazo, _ is ki ara, ymawvil qalobaze
ireodnen misi silamazisTvis...
_ namdvil iciT es yvelaferi?
_ vici?.. Se dalocvilo, mamidaCemis ambavi Tu aRar vici, viRa jandabis ambavi mecodineba?!
aRar dagimalav, swored mamidaCemia is qali, rom geubnebodiT da Tu me CacivebiT gesaubrebo-
diT, eg imitom, rom pirvel Sexedvidanve Cemi guli moige da imitom ganvizraxe SenTan damoy-
vreba, danaTesaveba, Tvara sxva rom vinme yofiliyo, xmasac ar gavcemdi... gamotexili giTxra,
xlaforTi bevri damWirdeba, qali rom deviyolio, mara kargi kacis gulisaTvis kaci ras ar
izams...
_ sad cxovrobs mamidaTqveni? _ SeekiTxa dainteresebuli platoni.
_ qvedureTSi!
_ qvedureTSi?! _ gakvirvebiT ganimeora platonma.
_ ho!.. ram gagakvirvaT? a?
_ ise!.. qvedureTSi me kidev miTxres erT qalze...
_ vin giTxra? _ gaawyvetina sityva aristom. _ vin?
_ ara... ise, laparakSi sityva, Tvara...
_ vin iyo mainc, Tu kaci xar...
_ advokati romaa, ivane gverdevaniZe... gecnobebaT...
_ ui, ui... da ivanes sityvas unda ahyveT?! cnobiT rava ar vicnob, biZaCemia is sulwawymedili,
is... imis sityvis dajereba gagonila? mxolod motyuebazedaa gamacadinebuli yovel wamSi...
ivane ra eSmakad ginda...
_ ara, ymawvilo, ginebiT arc imas uginebia is qali, is ki ara, Zalian aqo... Zalianac aqo...
_ ase dagewyo, Se dalocvilo, Tavidanve... tyvila gamalanZRvie naTesavi... cecxli Semome-
kida... ra vici dRes kaci kacs ise ver axsenebs, rom misi gineba da cudad moxseneba Tanve ar
daatanos... me vTqvi axla, Tu ivanem Tavisi naTesavi agina... bregaZis qvrivze giTxraT rame?
_ swored... swored.
_ ho da eg aris... Cemo Zmao, piroba xom ar gvqonebia, orives erTnairad gveqo is adamiani?..
albaT, RvTis nebac urevia am saqmeSi, Tvara erTnairad molaparake kaci sadme Segxdomia Sen
CvenSi, Tu Zma xar?
_ gverdevaniZem arc ki icis, Tu ra saqmeze var mosiarule.
_ ho da eg aris... eg aris, Cemo Zmao da keTilo! RmerTma aTqmevina mas da Sen gagagebina
Tavisi survili ivanes piriT... sxvagan nursad gadavardebio... iqve ganiSna Seni saZebari... RmerTs
yvarebixar... Tqveni saxeli, ukacravad... ho, RmerTs yvarebixar, platon Cemo, amitomac meti
laparaki saWiroc aRar ari da gadavwyvitoT saqme... Zmobaze xeli mivceT erTmaneTs. ha! _ da
aristom xeli gauwvdina platons.
platoni ki axla metad airia da gaubedavobam Seipyro, gadawyvetilebis miRebis win wam-
dgari. aristos sityva erTob namdvil sityvad eCveneboda. es qali marTla da bekinas bedi
unda yofiliyo. aba, ra iyo, rom im wamidanve, Tavis WiSkars fexi gadmoadga Tu ara, mxolod am
qalze elaparakebian yvelani, Semxduric da damxduric. usaTuod es unda iyos mamamisis bedi.
magram amasTanave gadawyvetilebis miRebac uZneldeboda. vai Tu ufro sando sxvagan moinaxe-
bodes da amaze gadawyvetiT saqme gamifuWdeso?!
_ ornaqmarebia mamidaTqveni, ara? _ hkiTxa platonma, rom ufro darwmunebuliyo da erT-
II nawili
xel kidev gaegona damajerebeli sityva.

_ rasakvirvelia, ornaqmarebi... wined ucnoblaZes hyavda. mere _ bregaZes!
_ Svili ar hyolia arc erTTan?
_ geficebi patiosnebas, Svili ar hyolodes Tavis dReSi!
453
_ didxans hyavda ucnoblaZes?
_ TuTxmeti weliwadi. _ da aristos gaecina.
_ TuTxmeti weliwadi!.. bregaZes?
_ rva! _ isev siciliT miugo aristom.
_ rva.
_ ho, rva! eg nametania, ymawvilo! _ veRar ikavebda sicils aristo.
_ ras izam kaci, gaWirveba aTasnair sisuleles gafiqrebinebs da Tan uxeiroTac galapara-
kebs! _ RimiliT miugo platonma. _ rva weliwadi... da Svili arc amasTan hyolia?
_ ara, ymawvilo, ara!.. _ mouTmenlad ambobda aristo. _ geubnebi, aRaraa Seni laparaki saWi-
ro... avdgeT xval, SevjdeT cxenebze, mivideT, vnaxoT is qali, deviTanxmoT da morCa, saqme
gavaTavoT!.. aba, xeli... xval qvedureTSi mivdivarT! saqme gaTavebulia.
platoni gaunZrevlad ijda Tavis adgilas da aristos Sehyurebda. igi isev yoymanobda,
sabolood ver swyvetda saqmes.
_ ho, ymawvilo!
_ cota momiTmineT!.. ase ucbaT...
_ e, Tqven, rogorc gatyobT, gaubedavi kaci yofilxarT! gagigoniaT aseTi gaubedaoba,
amdeni yanyali!.. saqme cxadia da naTeli _ raRa moTmineba da gadadeb-gadmodebaa saWiro kidev!
_ ara... ara!.. ase suldauTqmelad ar SemiZlia, cota xnis Semdeg mogaxseneb Cems pasuxs... ase
ajobebs kidevac! _ Tavis sityvaze idga platoni.
bevrs ecada qvaSaviZe platonisaTvis sityva daecdevinebina, magram mainc veras gaxda.
_ magari kaci yofilxar Zmobas vficavar!.. Zalian magari. ra gaewyoba!.. aba, am vaxSmobamdis
gevigeb Sens sityvas da manamdis moTminebas viqonieb...
am saganze laparaki damTavrebulad unda CaTvliliyo vaxSmobamdis. orive CaCumda, sanam
axal salaparako sagans miagnebdnen.
_ ki ar gayinula es Cveni Cai!.. _ waavlo xeli staqans aristom. _ Sen rom ara, ufro Tbilis
daleva mogvixdeboda orsaves. _ RimiliT daatana man.
_ civi kbilebs Seinaxavs. _ miugo platonma.
_ egec marTalia! _ Tqva aristom, ucbad gamocala staqani da lambaqiT da kovziT xelSi
aivanze gavida, rom mosamsaxurisaTvis gadaeca.
aq isev sicili da mxiaruleba sufevda.
_ saxlSi xom ar epatiJebodi platons, ase CacivebiT ro misdeqi mag kacs? _ mimarTa siciliT
erTma ymawvilTaganma aristos.
_ mgonia, Zalian uariT gamoistumres ”znakomobaze”! ”xadi dalSe, znakom budeSo!..” aristo,
xom? _ daatana meorem.
_ ar etyoba?! bargic Tan oukravs! xa, xa, xa!
_ rava? ase saxelgatexilia aristo, rom amdeni xvewna Wirdeba, saxlSi rom vinme miiwvios?
_ siciliT ikiTxa jimSerma.
_ miiwvios ki ara, miityuos, batono, miityuos! yvela CemsaviT suleli ki ar aris!.. _ wamo-
iZaxa erTma koxta, maRali tanis, lamazi saxis ymawvilma.
_ rava iyo, kote... rava, Sen rom dagpatiJa?! _ miaZaxes am ymawvils sxvebma da atyda erTi
xiTxiTi.
_ kaia, nuRa gamaxsenebT, Tu RmerTi gwamT!
_ aabruna aman Tavis wisqvili! _ RimiliT miaZaxa aristom.
_ mohyevi, mohyevi kaco!.. _ miaZaxes ymawvils. _ jimSers ar gougonia mag ambavi!
_ gavbriyvdi, batono, gavbriyvdi da vestumre mag uxeiros... ar momeSva, Tqven nu momik-
vdebiT, Tvara CemiT rava wevidodi! jer didxans uars veubnebodi da mere, rom aRaraferi
II nawili
gamewyo, me vTqvi, kaci damemdureba-Tqva, rac iqneba, vewvevi-meTqi... avdeqi da wevedi... wevedi.
swored aprili iyo... me vTqvi, Rvino jer kidev eqneba kacs, sircxvilSi aRar Cavagdeb-Tqva...
amis gulisaTvis talaxi bevri vsrise, Robe bevri gavarRvie, gzebi iseTi, rom Zlivs gavatane...
454 yanyali _ (aq) yoymani

ravarc iqna, mivedi, mivawie... daRlili, daqanculi. movisveneb erTi, vambob Cems gunebaSi...
mivedi axla, gadavixede ezoSi _ sadRaa saxli. ficrebi yria aqac, iqac... ager gamouwyiaT axali
saxli, svetia mxolod da masxarobasaviT marto erTi kari oukidniaT... Cevedi ezoSi... vuyure,
vuyure, momivida guli, mivafurTxe erTi da gamovabrune cxeni da gacecxlebuli mivdivar
ukan... viRac kaci Semxvda, vkiTxe: biWo, aristo qvaSaviZis saxli sad aris-Tqva da... ”batono,
aristos ficrebis meti araferi aqvso, saxli sad aqvso”... Turme Zmebi gayofilan, sul ficar-
ficrad gautaniaT saxli da axla orsave, rom mTelad aRar aqvT masala, qe arian isre ubinaoT...
dayanyaloben iqiT-aqeT. magaT RmerTma mSvidoba misces da me raze mpatiJobda, hkiTxeT erTi!
_ gayofamdi gpatiJobdi... maSin unda mwvevodi... Cemi ra bralia. ara, batono jimSer?.. kai,
Tu gind agre iyo, ar damiTvrixar im Rames mere? _ mimarTa siciliT aristom kotes.
_ eg ki... rom vbrundebi is aris, gevixede ager ar Semomeyara gzaSi es Cemi maspinZeli?! ai,
Sen aseTo, ai Sen iseTo _ mivaZaxe gacecxlebulma... _ ar grcxvenia, ase momatyue, momkali?!
gulze vskdebi kaci! es-ki icinis... sadme Tavi mimadebie, Se uRmerTo, vexvewebi daRlili, mkvda-
ri kaci. wamiyvane, sadac Sen mieTrevi-Tqva... wamiyvana, batono, viRaca naTlimama hyolia. vin
oxerma moanaTlia magas Svili! wamiyvana, mimayena yazaxisas... moifxana yazaxma Tavi, mara rari-
gad... ra ar mogvitana, ra ar mogvarTva, ra maspinZloba gagviwia... es SeCvenebuli ki daTvra da
sul erTianad staqnebi da sainebi doufSvna... axlac mrcxvenia, rom gamaxsendeba...
_ xom dagaTvre?.. amaze iyavi mosuli da raRas memduri kidev, Cemo Zmao... dro gagatarebie,
vali gadamixdia! _ daatana aristom. _ meti raRa ginda?
_ eg im kacma mca pativi, Sen ki ara!..
_ CemiT... aba, marto mibrZanebuliyavi... mara Sen rom mohyvebi masxrobas, xvalamdi ver gaa-
Taveb! _ xeli auqnia aristom da oTaxSi Sevida.
baldavaZe sazogado sicilSi isev ganagrZobda Tavis monayol ambavs, aristo ki am dros
daeZebda salomes, romelic vaxSmis gankargulebaSi iyo.
IX
_ biZi, salome sadaa? _ hkiTxa man jimSeris patara qaliSvils.
_ ukan balkonzea, batono! _ miugo bavSvma.
aristo gavarda iqiT da salomesTan misulma, xmadabla mimarTa:
_ Tu SeiZleba, batono, erTi wamiT! _ da TviTon win wamouZRva salomes.
_ ukacravad var, saqmes mogacdineT! _ daiwyo aristom, roca orive erT mivardnil oTaxSi
Sevidnen da aristomac kari miixura. _ Tqvens qmar-Svils, karg qmar-Svils gaficebT, SemewieT
erT pawia saqmeSi… mlocavi bevri gyavT, magram erTic rom miimatoT, amiT aras waagebT... madlia
da RmerTi kidev ufro mwyalobeli iqneba Tqveni, ravarc axla aris...
salome gancvifrebiT Sehyurebda am ucnaur kiloze molaparake kacs, romlis sityvebi
misTvis sruliad gaugebari iyo.
_ ra iyo, aristo?
_ axlave mogaxsenebT... am saaTSive... mamidaCems gabralebT... ubedur mamidaCems... bregaZes
rom hyavda...
_ rava? xom araferi damarTia? a?
_ axla deemarTa... Cavardnilia, Tqveni mteri Cavarda cecxlsa da geniaSi... mglebis xelSi!..
Tqvenc gagonili gaqvT imaTi uwesoba da Tavlafdasxma... ra qali da ra ojaxSi moemwyvra, ra
ojaxSi?! ra SeCvenebulebis xelSia! Tan mecodeba sawyali, sabralo mamidaCemi, da Tanac mer-
cxvineba, versad ver gamimxelia maTTan moyvroba: Raribi, Rataki, damsilio, rom gagigonia,
II nawili
swored isini arian!.. ebrZvian erTmaneTs, eWiWyinebian... kaci ver mixval, ver migiReben; verc
Tavad sadme Cndebian, gdian ise da aqvT niadag erTi Cxubi, erTi davidaraba erTmaneTSi... me
rom axlobeli moyvare var, me ver mivdivar, ar SemiZlia ubeduri naTesavi vnaxo weliwadSi
erTxel mainc... rarigad mivide? me Sen getyvi, miReba SeuZliaT, bina aqvT, saxli, kari, sasmeli,
saWmeli... hm!.. Cems sisxl-xorcTan ver mivide weliwadSi erTxel, orxel?! gougonia kacs?!
455
marto mrcxvenia, amisTana moyvare rom myavs... mercxvineba, Sen nu momikvdebi!.. da ager SemTxveva
aris da Tqvens suls davenacvle... Tqvens Semweobas nu momakleb... sulis sacxonebeli saqme
qeni... Seewie sawyals, gulSewuxebul, damwvar-dadagul, daxrakul dedakacs... SeewieT, RmerTi
Tqvenc SegewevaT!..
_ riTi, Cemo aristo, riTi? _ ekiTxeboda gakvirvebuli qali, aristos mWevrmetyvelebiT
gulaCvilebuli. _ riT, aristo Cemo?
_ mxolod erTi Tqveni sityva, sxva araferia saWiro. erTaderTi sityva! Tqvens Zmiswuls
rom eger samaniSvili mohyva, _ daiwyo ufro xmadadablebiT aristom, _ is samaniSvili sadedi-
nacvlos eZebs... ornaqmarebs da uSvilos...
salomes gaeRima.
_ mama axirebia, coli unda SevirTovo da magas mamulis gamyofelidan unda Tavi deifaros...
da eZebs dedinacvlad ornaqmarev, uSvilo qals. diax!.. ho da mamidaCemi swored zed gamoWrilio
rom ityvian, isea magaT saZebarzed...
salome raRacas Cafiqrda.
_ marTla ar hyolia mgoni elenes Svili, _ wailaparaka man.
_ ara, batono, ara!.. SeCvenebuli viyve, Tu vtyuode, Tu rodisme hyolodes! ra xania Tqven
mas icnobT, Tqven gaigonebdiT.
_ kia oci weliwadi!
_ hoda... oci weliwadic xom Svili ar hyolia... mere kai Segvianebuli iyo, rom gauTxovebi-
aT... axla eyoleba magas Svili? Tavs davdeb, batono, xels moviWri... rac gindaT, is miqeniT!..
vis gougonia magisi Svili awi! _ cxarobda aristo.
_ mere me riTi unda Segewio, aristo Cemo?
_ urCieT mag samaniSvils dedinacvlad elene... gamohkiTxeT aqeT-iqiT, ambavs hkiTxavT da
roca sityva Camoagdos... Tqven usaTuod gkiTxavT rCevas da amas gevedrebiT, miqeniT wyaloba,
Tqvens sityvas is kaci gahyveba, uqeT mamidaCemi, acxoneT suli, SeewieT gaWirvebuls. mag ymaw-
vili erTaderTi Svili yofila ojaxSi... rogorc etyoba, ki, cota magari kacia, mara rigiani
unda iyves. CemTvisac Zalian iqneba, batono, mixval kaci kacTan, naxav, gnaxavs, mter-moyvareobas
gagiwevs... Seni Wirime, Cemo batono, Cemo!.. erTi sityviT... raRa vTqva… da sityva rom aRar
exerxeboda, yelmogrexili aristo yanyratoSi marcxena xelis wavlebiT, wverebwamoSverili,
ucnaurad eRriWeboda salomes. _ Seni Wirime… Seni... Seni!
_ batoni brZandebi... ki, batono... magaze raT ginda magdeni xvewna!..
_ Sens suls RmerTi gaaxarebs... Cemo batono, Cemo!
_ ki, batono, ki!..
_ raRa vTqva... riTi gadavixado magieri! _ wamoiZaxa aristom da Caafrinda xelebSi salomes
da kocna dauwyo.
_ magaze, Se kaco, ra... netavi ki rame iqnebodes da...
_ ki, iqneba, ki... awi ki iqneba yvelaferi... da kaci ar viqnebi Tu dRe ar gavumware im oxriS-
vilebs!.. me vayurebieb imaT TavianT seirs... saqvrivos rom gadavaSleWieb!.. maSin eqnebaT sabuTi,
cudi kaci miZaxon... aba, batono salome... meti ravaRa Segawuxo kidev!..
_ mogaxsene da swored vecdebi... meti xvewna raRa saWiroa!
_ Tqven gacocxlaT RmerTma ukuniTi ukunisamde... Tqven gacocxlaT!.. _ wamoiZaxa grZnobiT
aristom da ucbad daatana: _ axla ki isev zalaSi Seval, Tvara egeb qe SemniSnos gamoparva da
eWvic eiRos rame im kacma... nuras ukacravad, Seni Wirime! unda Seviparo ise, SeumCnevlad...
da kmayofili aristo oTaxidan ucbad gamovarda da martod datova gaocebuli salome.
am dros platoni erT wyvetebaSi iyo. Tumca mis garSemo xmauroba da Jriamuli idga, mas
ara esmoda-ra, _ Tavis azrebSi iyo wasuli. igi TiTqos verc amCnevda, ra mxiaruleba sufevda am
II nawili
sazogadoebaSi; ver xedavda, rarigaT ejibrebodnen es ymawvilebi erTmaneTs, Tu vin ufro met
sicils gamoiwvevda, vin ufro aamebda maT sayvarel maspinZels, romelic guliT erToboda da
xalisobda. platoni xandaxan Tu aTxovebda yurs, rac ambavi xdeboda mis maxloblad, Torem
sul imas fiqrobda, ra eqna, ra gadawyvetilebas dasdgomoda? mieRo am qvaSaviZis winadadeba,
456
Tu ara? gadaewyvita am viRac bregaZis qvrivze saqme, Tu sxvagan eZebna sxva qali? vai Tu eyolos
Svili?.. mara Tu marTla ornaqmarebia, uSvilo... Svili rava eyoleba... ra RmerTi gauwyreba. ra!
jini xom ar Wirs misi? igi aTasnairad swonida am saqmes. xan ase fiqrobda, xan ise. xan gadas-
wyvetda, xan isev met gafrTxilebas urCevda TavisTavs... ymawvili kaci erT gawamawiaSi iyo...
dro ki midioda da saWiro iyo raime gadawyvetileba mieRo, saWiro iyo pasuxi mieca qvaSaviZi-
saTvis, dapirebisamebr. eZios sxvagan? uari uTxras qvaSaviZes?.. Tu salomesTan mivides da
daekiTxos? magram rarigaT? vin miscems imden Tavisuflebas axla salomes, rom masTan Tavi-
suflad molaparakeba SeiZlos?.. sawyals, am gawamawiaSi myofs, Tavbru esxmoda. moRaluli
tvini xeirianad verc ki mosazreobda da daRlili platoni ijda xandaxan gayuCebuli, gayeye-
Cebuli. am gawvalebaSi myofs uecriv aristos naTqvami gaaxsenda. egeba marTladac es qali
mamamisis bedi iyos?! marTla, ra aris, aba, rom Tavidanve am qals uxseneben da yoveli garemoeba
ise ewyoba, rom usaTuod am qalis mxsenebeli xvdeba yvelgan, TiTqos gangeb piri SeekraT amaze...
xom aravin icoda? mas xom erTi sityvac ar dacdenia Tavis saidumlos Sesaxeb gverdevaniZesTan
_ TviTon iman axsena da aqo es qali... qorwilidan saxlSi brundeboda, magram mainc aqeT wamovi-
da... aq movida da, TiTqos gangeba iyos, es qvaSaviZe daxvda da amave qals urCevs da aZalebs... ra
unda iyos aseTi ucnaurad mowyobili ambavi?!.. ras mieweros?.. ase umniSvnelod rava iqneba,
rava xdeba es ambavi?! egeb marTla RmerTi aniSnebdes da gaWirvebuls daxmarebas aZlevdes,
eweodes, saqmes uadvilebdes, bedze uTiTebdes... aba, ratomaa aseTi ucnauri, TiTqmis SeTan-
xmebuli, erTpiriani laparaki yovelgan am erT qalze?! da amaze, am azrze SeCerebuli platoni,
rac ufro ukvirdeboda garemoebas, ufro da ufro rwmundeboda, sjeroda, rom aq sxva ara
unda yofiliyo ra, rom bregaZis qvrivi mamamisis bedi unda yofiliyo da mas uTiTebdnen zed,
aniSnebdnen. am azrma ise Seipyro platoni, rom ramdenime wuTis Semdeg, TiTqos mZime tvirT-
moxsniliviT, raRac gasaWirisagan ganTavisuflebuliviT man mxiarulad, TavisTavad wailapa-
raka:
`swored... swored... swored ase unda iyves! rac iqneba _ iqneba!.. beds sad wauva, sad deemaleba
kaci?!~
da gulgaxsnili axla gunebaSi RmerTs exveweboda isev, rom Seebralebina misi colSvili,
misi Tavi da yovelive ubedureba Tavidan aecilebina.
gulmoSvebuli axla igic SeuerTda sazogado mxiarulebas, axla igic siamovnebiT Sehyu-
rebda amaT masxrobas, icinoda amaTTan, am udardel ymawvilebTan.
ìyos kapasi... avgulic. ras damaklebs? _ gaurbenda xandaxan TavSi da mere isev yuri am
ymawvilebisaken hqonda. _ mara, vai Tu dedakaci uarze dadga, maSin? _ isev ubrundeboda Tavisas
platoni. _ maSin?.. eg rava SeiZleba!.. raki bedia… usaTuod daTanxmdeba, rava SeiZleba!.. _ anu-
geSebda TavisTavs. _ es aristo ra iqna!~
undoda axlave Seetyobinebina misTvis Tavisi gadawyvetileba, eTqva, rom xval usaTuod
wasuliyvnen qvedureTSi da saqme gaeTavebinaT. dauwyo aristos Zebna TvaliT da is iyo aivnidan
zalis gaRebul karebSi aristoc gamoCnda.
aristomac mohkra Tvali platons da roca SeamCnia saxeze raRac kmayofileba, wavida misken.
_ ras Svrebi, kaco? _ xmadabla hkiTxa man. _ rogor gadawyvite?
_ xval wavideT qvedureTSi! _ uTxra platonma.
_ aba raRas mawvalebdi, Se kurTxeulis Svilo... Zmobas geficebi, imdens saqvrivos avaRebieb,
rom...
_ ara, ara... raSi minda, gaWirvebulebis wanarTmevi!.. saqvrivos ras daveZeb!..
_ erTi Sen kidev! _ Seutia aristom.
_ magas Tavi davaneboT... es miTxari, mamidaTqveni ulamazo xom araa?.. mterma ar gagvcinos,
moyvaresac ar ewyinos...
II nawili
_ ulamazo? mibrZandiT... monaxeT meore misi dasadari qali... riTac gnebavT _ silamaziT,
SexedulobiT, janmrTelobiT... ras ambobT?! hm!
_ kai dagemarTosT, kai dagemarTosT!.. aba xval... nuRar gadavdebT!
_ ara, ara! _ miugo aristom _ dardi nu gaqvs... awi me vici!
platoni erTob karg gunebaze dadga, aRarc ki daeZebda maincdamainc salomesTan winandel
457
gadawyvetilebisamebr molaparakebas, rCevis kiTxvas; darwmunebuli iyo, rom bekinas beds mi-
agno da ramdenime xnis Semdeg mosalxenad gamzadebuli vaxSmis sufras miujda da mxiarulad
elaparaka salomes, Semdeg veriCkas simReraSiac mxari misca; SeuerTda sazogado yiJins da
yanws yanwze gulmodginebiT sclida.
_ aristo, platon, aba, he, aba, he! _ uZaxoda maTi molxeniT nasiamovnebi jimSeri. _ ariqa,
platon... Cems platons sicocxle da dRegrZeloba da yovelive sikeTe! _ miaZaxa man, gadaisva
tuCebze xelsaxoci da wamomdgarma gauSvira yanwi. _ modi, erTi mag Sen lamaz wverebSi gakoco!
platoni wamovarda, mivarda jimSerTan, gadaexvia moxucebuls, mxurvaled akoca gulSi
da iqve RviniT avsili sasasmo suldauTqmelad gamocala.
gaTenebamdis didi xani aRarc ki rCeboda, sufridan rom wamodgnen aristo, platoni da
maTTan kidev oriode ymawvili. sxvebma ufro adre miatoves sufra da zogi iqve iwva zalaSi
taxtze gagebul qveSagebSi, zogi ki oTaxebSi.
_ erTi Cvenc wavdvaT Tavi da mere gavswioT CvenTvis... _ Tqva aristom da platonTan erTad
ezoSi Cavida. nigvzis qveS orivem gaixades Coxebi, daidves TavqveS, Seixsnes axaloxis Rilebi,
gagordnen saxlidan Camotanil noxze da erTi wamis Semdeg orive Rvinisgan galeSili, mZimed-
mZimed qelavdnen Zilmoreulni.
ager inaTla da amomavali mzis sxivebi moefina dedamiwas. aremare CaCumebuli iyo, tkbil
ZilSi garTuli; yovelive miwynarebuli, miyuCebuli, TiTqos nazobda am Tbil, manebivrebel
sinaTleSi.
mousvenrad gatarebuli Ramis Semdeg am mSvenier dilas TiTqos swadda dakarguli Zal-
Rone daebrunebina ymawvilebisaTvis, romelnic mas mindobian da ager gareT amwvanebul balaxSi
dayrilan dasasveneblad.
platonisa da aristos garda sxvebic goravdnen naTibSi, Rrma ZilSi wasulni. aqve sZovdnen
maTi cxenebi.
mzem kargad wamoiwia. haeric TandaTan ufro Tbeboda; sxivebs Zala emateboda da maT qveS
mZinaris Zilic ufro mousvenari xdeboda. aqamdis uZravad mwolare, axla xan erT gverdze
gadabrundeboda, xan meoreze, mousvenrad Slida xelebs, aridebda pirs zevidan daCerebul
mzes, nigvzis foTlebs Sua Semoparul mis gamTbar sxivebs...
_ uh, Tavze ar wamogvdgomia mze! _ ucbad wamovarda zeze aristo da platons dauwyo RviZeba.
_ ade, ade, ymawvilo... wavideT, Tvara gaSuadRevda es aris. nuRar devigvianebT!..
platonma Zlivs gaaxila Tvalebi, zantad wamodga daRlili, magram afacurebuli aristo
aCqarebda, Zilis nebas aRar aZlevda. ramdenime xnis Semdeg orTavem Caicves, daixures, cxenebi
daiWires, Sekazmes, biWis piriT madloba SeuTvales maspinZels, Sesxdnen cxenebze da gaswies
qvedureTisaken.
X
saloberiZis saxlidan qvedureTamde kai Sori gza hqondaT Cvens mgzavrebs. mze iwureboda,
isini rom sofelSi Sevidnen da aristom cxeni gaaCera erT Cangreul RobeSi datanebul wknelis
WiSkarTan.
_ mivawieT RvTis madliT! _ wamoiZaxa man da cxenidan Camoxta.
Camoxta platonic.
_ aqaa? _ ikiTxa man.
_ aq gaxlavan, aq, _ raRac mtrulad warmosTqva aristom, _ aq gaxlavan... e, im qoxSi ufrosi
Zma gevida droebiT... amaSi ki saSualo da umcrosi arian... ei, maspinZelo! _ daiZaxa aristom,
WiSkari rom SeaRo da ezoSi Sevidnen.
_ me Sen getyvi, xmas ver gaawvden Tavidan bolomdis, imxela gaSlili ezo aqvT am SeCvene-
II nawili
bulebs... Cabardnen patrons, Tu ra deemarTaT, rom aravin Cans! _ wailaparaka win mimavalma
aristom.
odis yuridan Tavsafarwakruli qalis Tavi gamoCnda da imwamsve miimala; mere iqidanve
gamoxta wvivebgatitvlebuli, peranga bavSvi, SeCerda, mitrialda ucbad, amoefara saxlis yu-
458 res da iqidan dauwyo cqera mosulebs.
_ ewyinaT Cveni mosvla am mudregebs?! _ wailaparaka aristom da mzad iyo erTi-ori aseTi
gineba kidev mieZRvna maspinZlisaTvis, rom aivanze gamoCnda TmagaCeCili, lamazi saxis, axa-
luxze RvedSemortymuli, gaSlili CoxiT ymawvili kaci da stumrebisaken wamovida.
es iyo umcrosi bregaZe, serapioni.
_ platon samaniSvili gaxlavT!.. serapion bregaZe!.. _ pirveli misalmebis Semdeg gaacno
erTmaneTi aristom.
_ mobrZandiT, batono! _ miipatiJa serapionma mosulebi. _ es cxenebi miboZe, aristo!
_ serapion Cemo, aqidanve unda gamogityde, rom amaRam Tqvens iqiT gza aRara gvaqvs... ve-
Rarsad wavalT da, Tu Zma xar, cxenebisaTvis sakvebi gviSove, Seni Wirime! _ uTxra bregaZes
aristom.
_ ki, batono!.. ramdenic gnebavT... ki, batono! jer ager davabam da mere me TviTon movuvli...
saxlSi mibrZandiT!
_ daviTi Sinaa?.. _ ikiTxa aristom serapionis ufrosi Zma.
_ ar gaxlavT... saRamos giaxlebaT... sxvagan saqme hqonda...
_ kai dagemarTos _ wailaparaka aristom da Tan gunebaSi daumata: àba, saqmes daCqareba
unda im mxecis mosvlamdi, Tvara mere drosac veRar viSovi, mamidaCems sityva vuTxra~. _ mami-
daCemi ras Svreba, serapion Cemo?
_ ras izams... kargadaa... ager Tavadac modis!
marTlac oTaxidan aivanze gamovida xnieri dedakaci, Camoirbina kibe da kvatasaviT mo-
bajbajebda aristosaken, Tan Tavsafars isworebda da Tan gaiZaxoda:
_ Seni Wirime... Sen dagenacvla mamidaSeni elene, Sen! Cemo gvrito da malxazo... Zlivs ar
moveswari kidev Sens naxvas! Seni Wirime, Seni, Seni! _ da sixaruliT gacecebuli qali exveoda
Tavis Zmiswuls da mxurvaled hkocnida. _ ar grcxvenia, biWo, ase rom mimiviwye?... ase unda
mamidis daviwyeba?.. ase?..
_ awi xSirad gnaxav, mamidaCemo... ufro xSirad!.. stumari mogiyvaneT, mamida, stumari azna-
uri platon samaniSvili, bekina samaniSvilis Svili! Zalian sasiamovno stumari! _ eSmakuri
RimiliT daaTava aristom sityva.
xnieri dedakaci ucbad mitrialda, Tavi daukra platons, xeli CamoarTva da Tanac moibo-
diSa:
_ RmerTo momkali! sixarulma gamomaCerCeta me ubeduri, Tvalebi rava ameba me ubedurs,
mobrZandiT; saxlSi mobrZandiT, nu miZraxavT, Cemo batono!
_ ras brZanebT, batono! _ miugo platonma, _ raT swuxarT magisaTvis...
_ daviwyebuli vyavar, Cemo batono, sul daviwyebuli! erTxel weliwadSi rava ar unda gna-
xos Senianma?
_ gamxnevdi, mamidaCemo! awi ufro xSirad gnaxav-Tqva, aki giTxari.
_ uwinac mpirdebodi, mara...
_ axla aRar mogatyueb, Sen ar momikvde! _ siciliT miugo aristom.
_ netavi magas moveswrebode da!
_ ki moeswrebi!..
serapions kidevac gaukvirda aristosagan es dajinebuli sityva da undoblad misCereboda
amis mTqmels, radgan ver mimxvdariyo naTqvamis mniSvnelobas.
platoni ki dakvirvebaSi iyo garTuli. es dedakaci swored urigo ar iyo. Tavis xnovanobis
mixedviT Sexedulebac sasiamovno hqonda. marTalia, etyoboda gamosvlis win umarili moesva
pirze, Tvalebis ubeebi sul amoTeTrebuli hqonda am sacxebliT, magram mainc misi kai feri
wiTuri loyebi TvalSi eca platons. da Tqma ar undoda, rom bekina ver daiwunebda am qals. rac
II nawili
mets ukvirdeboda platoni, TandaTan rwmundeboda, rom gulkeTili, kargi adamiani unda yo-
filiyo. amas igi qalis saxeze kiTxulobda naTlad; da amasTan salomesgan amisi qeba rom agon-
deboda, misi uSvilosnoba, rom ori qmris nayoli iyo, rom mas SeeZlo misi lukmis dacva ganu-
ziareblad, platonis guli sixaruliT ivseboda, meti siamovnebisagan aCqarebiT tokavda da
459
siyvarulic eRviZeboda am adamianisadmi. am ukanaskneli grZnobiT, Tumca jer gamouTqmeliT,
mas swadda amTaviTve Tavisken miemxro es qali, miemxro da namusze Seeyenebina, rom masac siy-
varulisaTvis siyvaruliTve epasuxa da ara borotebiT.
_ Cans marTlac RmerTi mwyalobs! _ gaifiqra kmayofilma platonma.
mipyrobili TvaliT igi cdilobda aristo miexvedrebina, rom mas moswonda mamidamisi,
rom igi Tanaxma iyo da swadda, rac SeiZleba male daewynarebiaT misi afancqalebuli guli
Tanxmobis sityvis gagonebiT. igi iseTnairma mouTmenlobam Seipyro, iseTnair mousvenrobam
Seipyro, TiTqos visime SiSi hqonda, mocile ar gamoCenoda, vinmes ar waerTmia es moxucebuli
qali, xelidan ar gamoeglija misTvis aseTi Zvirfasi arseba.
aristo advilad miuxvda, rasac platonis Tvalebi eubnebodnen. maincdamainc misTvis ara-
feri saWiro iyo platonis niSnebi. ki, marTalia, amiT saqme advildeboda, martivdeboda, Torem
mis gunebaSi saqme gadawyvetilad im wamidan miaCnda, raki platons am ezoSi fexi Semoadgmevina;
im wamidan, rac unda uarze damdgariyo platoni, aristos gadawyvetilebiT, igi iZulebuli
Seiqmneboda, _ amas moaxerxebda aristo, _ usaTuod dedinacvlad mieRo mamidamisi. magram
raki platonma qali moiwona da Tanaxma xdeboda, mas saqme uadvildeboda. amiT Sexalisebuli
aristo mizezs eZebda, rom mamidamisi oTaxSi Seexmo da gamoecxadebina misTvis maTi mosvlis
mizezi.
es miT ufro saWiro iyo axlave eqna, rom daviTi saxlSi ar iyo da meTvalyure ufro naklebi
eguleboda.
is iyo aristom amis asruleba daapira, rom aivanze gamovida daviTis coli, nuCia, ymawvili,
saxegamxdari qali, TiTqmis titvela, ZuZuTabavSviT xelSi. man stumrebs xeli CamoarTva da
xmaamouReblad mijda kuTxeSi, patara, dabal samfexa skamze.
_ batoni Zalian gemdurodaT, rom ar naxulobdiT, _ mimarTa aristos nuCiam, Cveulebrivi
misalmebis Semdeg.
_ axla saqme ise maqvs, rom awi aRar vaTqmevineb magnair samduravs Cemze! _ miugo aristom.
_ kai dagemarTosT!
_ magasac vnaxavT! _ Tqva elenem.
_ ager naxav! _ Tqva aristom da mere uceb daatana: _ ukacravad var, serapion Cemo, cxenebi-
saTvis rom gTxove... awi qe daRamdeba da...
_ axlave, ha, axlave! _ wamodga serapioni da qveviT Cavida.
_ mamidaCemo, es lekur-xanjali Seminaxe Sen _ wamodga aristo da Sevida saxlSi; mas Tan
Sehyva mamidamisic.
aristom Camoixsna lekuri da gadasca elenes; axla xanjals rom ixsnida, karebisaken Tva-
lebdaWerilma, dabali xmiT elenes miaxala Semdegi sityvebi:
_ mamida, im ymawvils dedinacvlad undixar, icode, da aqedanve miTqvams SenTvis, arafris
gziT uari ar moxerxdeba!
_ ase masxrobaSi unda gaataro, Se douwynarebelo, Seni wuTisofeli?.. _ miugo xnierma
qalma.
_ Sen ar momikvde, me Sen ar gexumrebode!.. Sen ar momikvde!.. kai ojaxi, kai mamuli... saxli,
kari, patiosani aznouSvilebi... Warmagi moxucebuli... arc ise moxucebuli maincdamainc!
_ su, Se uxeiro, su geyofa... sxva rameze imasxre... Sen genacvale, sxva rameze... RmerTo mom-
kali!..
_ ki ar gemasxrebi, saqmes geubnebi da geigone Cemi RmerTi gamiwyres, Tu gexumrebode,
Sercxvenili viyo, Tu pirdapir amaze ar viyoT mosuli. ar daijereb kidev? am mxecebis xelSi
rom xar, mebralebi da RmerTma xsna gaRirsa da es aris... _ da aristo mouyva samaniSvilebis
ambavs elenes, awonebda maT, Tumca TvaliTac ar unaxavs maTi cxovreba; pirdeboda, rom sul
II nawili
aRar mogSordebi, raki samaniSvilisas migiyvano, aTasnair feradebiT uwerda axal ojaxSi cxov-
rebas.
_ gza ar gaqvs, gza, uari Tqva! ras ambob?! kai ojaxi, kai sasmeli, kai saWmeli, yvelaferi
bevri... me sul SenTan viqnebi, meti ra ginda kidev? ara, uaris Tqma yovlad SeuZlebelia... yovlad
460
SeuZlebeli laparaki saWiroc aRaraa. Sen ar momikvde! _ gadawyvetiT ambobda aristo.
amnairi ucnauri, moulodneli ambis gagonebisas xnieri qali xan “uimes” iZaxda, xan Sehkiv-
lebda gaocebuli, xan aCumebda Tavis Zmiswuls, xan ras ambobda, da yovelive es sizmariviT
eCveneboda sawyals. mas sruliad ar sjeroda Zmiswulis sityva, ase rom aristos gulic mouvida
bolos, rom am dedakacs veraferi Seasmina. Zlivs, rogorc iqna daajera, rom marTals eubne-
boda, rom mTxovneli saxlSi hyavda mosuli da darwmunebulma, rom xumroba aRar iyo, elenem
uneblieT amoixvneSa da uneburad wamoscda:
_ vin gamiSvebs aqedan, Svilo?
_ ratom?
_ xarji daWirdebaT... Tavs ver irCenen da amnair saqmisaTvis ra moeZebnebaT?
_ Cems kbilebs!. magaT xelSi, rom movkvde, mainc ar dagtoveb, raki amnairi saSualeba meZ-
leva... ras daveZeb magaT? kiseric utexiaT!..
_ ras izam, Svilo?.. ras mouxerxeb?..
_ ras vizam? ras vizam da mogitaceb _ amas vizam!
_ uime... uime!.. _ da pirze xeli miifara elenem. _ uime!.. Cemi gamoWeneba ginda am moxucebu-
lobis xans?.. uime! uime! ah! ar Tqva, mag!.. ara, ara! Seni Wirime!.. ase gavatareb gaZaRlebulad
Cems wuTisofels... arafers ar daveZeb, Sen dagenacvle! _ awrialda igi.
magram aristo Tavisas ar iSlida. gadawyvetiT gamoucxada, rom usaTuod unda wahyoloda
samaniSvils, gamoucxada motacebac ragvarad unda moexerxebinaT: elene estumreboda erT
Tavis naTesavs, saidanac waiyvandnen da jvars daswerdnen bekinaze. aristo xmis amoRebis nebasac
ar aZlevda moxucebul mamidas, romlis gonebas raRac burani Semoxveoda yoveli am gagoni-
lisagan.
amasobaSi ki aivanze darCenili nuCia da platoni, Tumca TiTo-orola sityviT Seenacvlnen
erTmaneTs, magram musaifi mainc ver gamoawyves da moelodaT metad samZimo, uxerxuli mdgo-
mareoba, xmagakmendiT sxdoma, roca maTda bedad bavSvma tirili daiwyo da erTi wamis Semdeg
iseTi yurTasmenis wamRebi Wyvirili morTo, rom nuCia iZulebuli Seiqna amdgariyo da stumari
gaeTavisuflebina bavSvis Semzaravi wivilisagan.
martod darCenilma platonma piri ezosaken miibruna da iqaurobas dauwyo Tvaliereba.
Camowolil bindSi axla kidev ufro guldamwyveti Sexeduleba miiRo aqaurobam, vidre
pirvel danaxvaze hqonda. patara xrioki, daferdebuli adgili, aqa-iq Camtvreuli RobiT Se-
movlebuli; ferdobze mikruli, winidan barjgebze Seyenebuli pawawina oda, romlis aivanze
ijda axla platoni; cota moSorebiT glexuri saxli, albaT, uwin samzareulod xmarebuli,
romelic ufros Zmas gadaetana da romelSiac axla cxovrobda Tavis col-SviliT, _ es iyo is
Senobebi, rac am ezoSi Canda. Robis gadaRma moCanda isliT daxuruli, erTimeoreze mikruli
glexis saxlebi; qveviT, davakebulSi moCanda danarCeni sofeli, rogorc etyoboda, Raribi,
SeuZlebeli.
winaT miyuCebuli, miCumebuli sofeli TiTqos axla Sexalisda, gamoiRviZao; orRobeebSi
TavdaRmarTidan erTi jliginiT moerekebodnen saqonels, moismoda ukan momdevar mwyemsebis
yvirili, Sewyroma. saxlebis erdoebidanac aqa-iq kvamlma iwyo amofSueba.
TiTqos am patara qoxSiac sicocxlem gaiRviZao. patara gogom CafiT wyali moarbenina;
mere, etyoboda cecxlic daanTes da, ramdenime xnis Semdeg, gaRebuli karidan mkafiod moisma
mWadis mcxobelis xelebis partya-purtyi. patara TavSiSvela da fexSiSvela Svidi-rva wlis
biWma, parkiT gverdze, saxriT xelSi, Semoreka ezoSi ramdenime suli saqoneli; amas ukan Se-
mohyva grZelwvera, Sexsnili axaluxiT, ZeliT mxarze, RvedSi najaxgarWobili kaci, romelmac
erTi gajavrebiT Sehyvira bavSvs, roca saqoneli qoxisken gaeSura; bavSvi gaiqca da isev aqeT
gamoreka pirutyvi. mohkra Tvali Tu ara aivanze ucxo kacs, imwamsve odis ukan miimala. es kaci
II nawili
iyo daTia bregaZe. cota xnis Semdeg, qoxis maxloblad, gadasabijze gadmoabija mxarze SeSa
gadebulma meore kacma, _ es ufrosi bregaZe iyo. man karebTan daagdo tvirTi, moixeda odisken,
miaCerda platons da saxlSi Sevida.
_ is vinaa, aivanze rom wamoWimula? _ usiamovnod, warbebis SexriT SeekiTxa daTia cols,
461
romelic cecxls anTebda odis ukan gadmoxurulSi, rac samzareulos magierobas usrulebda
am ojaxs mis Semdeg, rac antonma samzareulo saxli gaitana Sig dasadgomad, sruls gayofilo-
bamdis.
_ ra vici, viRac samaniSviliao... aristom moaTria! _ miugo serapionma.
_ aristom?! mag oxeri kidev meeTra?! ra mindao?..
_ ra vici, ra unda!.. dawanwalobs, sxva ra endomeba!.. rai mevida, sul imas iZaxis, rom awi
ufro xSirad vivlio... mamidamiss arwmunebs...
_ misma sicocxlem!.. me imas aq bina davadebio?! orives karSi gavyri!.. ra gvaria is kaci?..
_ samaniSvili, batono, samaniSvili... ra iqna amdeni kiTxva? _ gajavrebiT Seutia nuCiam. _
vaxSami gvWiria ager...
_ ra vaxSami undaT?.. _ daiwyo daTiam.
_ axla magas momiyevi kidev! _ gaawyvetina sityva colma.
_ aba, ra!.. rac maqvs, is Wamon, imasac kargad giaxlebian!.. ara, magaT sicocxlem, Zroxas
dovuklav axlave!
_ ho, xmela Wadi da lobio miutaneT!.. im ucxo kacis mainc unda moiridoT, Tqve dalocvi-
lebo!.. aseTi TavismoWra, gamoWianureba ar gamigonia me!.. wadi, batono, _ miubrunda serapions
nuCia: _ wadi, ymawvilo, da erTi qaTami, ravarcxa iqnas, monaxe da damiWire... ar SeiZleba ase!..
_ sad movnaxo axla am CamobnelebulSi!.. sacxa oriode wiwilia, arc ki vici kargad, romel
xezed jdebian!
_ egeraa kvincxaze, eger, eh! _ aniSna nuCiam. _ wadi, RvTis gulisaTvis!. mere ufro gagiWir-
deba.
serapioni mibrunda da zantad, burtyuniT wavida kvincxisaken.
_ deda, Wadi minda me! mSia! _ mivida dedasTan axlad dabrunebuli samwyemsuridan daTias
Svili.
_ meica, Svilo! ver xedav ager ramdeni saqme maqvs?! daTia, Seumate am cecxls, Se kaco!..
_ mSia me, ra mevicado!..
_ dagamSiaT gamCenma! _ Seutia nuCiam, romelmac is iyo WadebisaTvis fqvils wyali daasxa
gobze. _ dagamSiaT gamCenma! ha! Sen TviTon ar SegiZlia, rom monaxo da Wamo?! ai, Segarcxvina
RmerTma! _ da nuCiam Svils gadmougdo civi Wadis natexi; mere ucbad mibrunda, wamoavlo patara
doqs xeli, gauSvira igi patara biWs, romelic madianad ilukmeboda civ Wads da uTxra:
_ malaqiasTan gadairbine, varlamia, da uTxari, deda Semogexvewa-Tqva, Cemo malaqia, es
erTi doqi Rvino gamomigzavne-Tqva da me vici Seni pativiscema-Tqva... Cemo malaqia-Tqva, Zalian
Semogexvewa deda-Tqva... uTxari, rom ucxo stumari mouvida-Tqva. ha, droze qeni, droze, Cemo
varlamia!
bavSvma gamoarTva doqi da dedis damtkbar sityvaze SveliviT mohkurcxla.
_ nela, biWo, doqi ar gatexo! _ miaZaxa nuCiam.
aristom rom mamidamisTan gaaTava laparaki, aivanze gamovida, xmadabla da xalisianad uT-
xra platons:
_ erT wamSi movakvaraxWine saqme, erT wamSi... kinaRam ar gadameria sawyali dedaberi! xa, xa,
xa! mara imedia, amaTsaviT Sen ar Semikrav naTesavTan sasiarulod gzas! rasakvirvelia! _ da
aristo mouyva, Tu rogor unda daeboloebinaT maT Tavisi saqme.
_ saqvrivos mere biZaCems ivanes amovaRebinebT... naxevari iman weiRos saqmis sawarmoebeli,
naxevari Sen!.. ra genaRvleba... magaT ki ar SevarCen da!
_ hqondeT, hqondeT!.. codvaa, araferi gaaCniaT!
_ ras deveZeb! me ra kargi maxsovs magaTgan!
ezodan moisma raRac xmauri... ager gairbina qaTammac, mas ukan misdevda ZaRli dasaWerad.
II nawili
ager kacis fexis xmac moisma, rom mirboda.

_ es oxriSvilebi, Tavi nu momikvdeba, axla dasdeven vaxSmisaTvis qaTams!. sad iyvnen aqamdis?!
vai Tqvens patrons, Tqvens patrons! platon, sanam eseni qaTams iWeren, erTi cxenebs davxedav
Cumad, Tvara me darwmunebuli var, erT kvnit Calas ar aRirseben da xval, Seni mteri iqna ise,
iseni rom iqnebian! _ Tqva aristom, fexakrefiT Cavida kibeze da mibnelebulSi gaswia iqiT,
462
sadac cxenebi eguleboda.
qaTams isev dasdevdnen dasaWerad da amitom aristo moridebiT midioda win, rom aravin
Sexvedroda.
uecriv raRamac gaisisina haerSi da aristos mZimed moxvda Woloki marjvena kunTSi.
_ ar momkla am virma! _ gamwarebiT wamoiZaxa man da iqve daeca miwaze gulSewuxebuli. _ ai,
Tqveni rjuli, ai, Tqveni!.. oooh! oooh! qe ar momkles am urjuloebma erTi wripa qaTmis guli-
saTvis!. amogivardaT ojaxi! oh, ho, ho! _ tkivilisagan miwaze wrialobda aristo da orive
xeliT izelavda kunTs. _ Tqven dagwyevloT RmerTma, Tqven SegaCvenoT dambadebelma! vis go-
ugonia RameSi WolokebiT qaTmis devna! yvelaferSi uxeiroebi, yvelaferSi!..
axla es qaTmis devna ezos meore yuredan moismoda. aristo wamodga da koWlobiT mainc
cxenisken wavida.
_ TiTqos gangeb CemTvis esrolos am SeCvenebuls! _ gaecina TviT aristos. _ Zalian ar
gouxardeba, rom geigos!..
da man gadawyvita, rac SeeZlo, Zala daetanebina TavisTavisaTvis, daeZlia tkivili da mas-
pinZlisaTvis maTda sasixarulod, ar gaegebinebina es ambavi.
cxenebs marTla araferi saWmeli ar hqondaT, idgnen sacodavad, xeze mibmulni bawriT.
aristom Tavi gaaqnia, gulSi Cairtya muSti daqadnebiT da ukan gamobrunda ginebiTa da lan-
ZRviT maspinZlis mimarT.
aivanze rom amovida aristo, platoni iq aRar dauxvda; igi daTiasTan musaifobda oTaxSi.
maT SeuerTda aristoc. es ukanaskneli, metad cud gunebaze damdgari, iseT kiloze elaparake-
boda daviTs, rom platoni SiSma aitana, _ vai Tu ram kinklaoba moxdes amaT Soriso. magram
raRac manqanebiT daviTi moTminebiT itanda aristos gadakrul sityvebs, uyuradRebod sto-
vebda maT da amis wyalobiT vaxSammac mSvidobianad Caiara da mSvidobianobaSi mosvenebis droc
wamoewiaT.
stumrebi calke daawvines oTaxSi; daviTi Tavis coliTa da maTTan elenec meore oTaxSi
dawvnen; serapionma gareT, aivanze, daigo qveSagebi.
orsave Cvens mgzavrs male mieZina, magram isev gamoeRviZaT bavSvis yviril-wivilze, rac
meore oTaxidan moismoda. etyoboda, rom igi male ar dawynardeboda da ufro umatebda Wyivils
dedisa da mamis gajavrebiT “su”-sa da ”Cu”-s miZaxebaze.
_ gafxrewa!.. gagleja!.. _ eubneboda aqedan moTmineba dakarguli aristo. _ ar gadarCena...
yvelasi!
_ kai, kaco! geigoneben! _ aCumebda platoni.
_ geigonon!.. vai da vui yvelas!.. ra damaZinebs, Tu giyvarde, am jojoxeTSi?!
magram daRlilobam mainc dasZlia da cota xnis Semdeg aristosac da platonsac tkbilad
eZinaT, Tumca bavSvi kidev didxans Wirveulobda.
XI
Svilis maSvloba metad sasiamovnod daurCa moxucebul bekinas. Zalian iama gunebaSi isic,
rom qalis motaceba sWirdeboda. bekinas gaaxsenda ymawvilkacoba, amisTanebs Cveuli giJmaJoba.
es garemoeba rom gaaxsendeboda, raRac Sematebul sicocxles hgrZnobda, sasiamovno Rimili
efineboda saxeze, Tumca Svils ki uTxra sayveduriviT: _ ”eg motaceba ki, Svilo, saCemo saqme
aRaraa!.. unda ageridebia es!”
yvelaferi moTavebuli iyo, saWiro iyo mxolod SuaTana lxinisaTvis momzadeba, rom oja-
xis deda pirvelad gayruebul saxlSi ar SemoeyvanaT.
platonma miipatiJa daniSnul dRisaTvis axlo mezoblebi. mivida siZesTan da, rogorc
iyo, Seiriga Semomwyrali kirile, romelsac sTxova qalis mosayvanad wayoloda, razedac ki-
II nawili
rilem sixaruliT Tanxmoba gamoucxada.

_ axla isev guldamSvidebiT SegviZlia viyoT. darwmunebuli var, am Cem dedinacvals araf-
ris gziT Svili ar miecema... es gaTavebulia... kai qalicaa, Sen nu momikvdebi, Tvara ager naxav!..
Woloki _ keti
463
SenTvisac kai iqneba; cota racxa-racxazed yurs mainc gigdebs... wagexmareba xandaxan rameSi... _
eubneboda guldawynarebuli platoni melanos.
_ daxmareba misi is iqneba, Tu SegvarCens, razedac axla varT... meti araferi ar minda misgan!
_ rasakvirvelia!.. magia, aba! dardi nu gaqvs!
dadga sanatreli dRec bekinasaTvis. platonma, aristom da kirilem ramdenime sxva ymawvi-
lis TanxlebiT moiyvanes elene samaniSvilisas da moxucebulebs jvari gadasweres. patiosanma
aznaurma sakadrisi lxini gadaixada. am sixarulis dRes kirilem swored dapirebisamebr gan-
sxvavebiT moulxina Tavis simamrs da sxvebic moalxina, uCxubrad, ucematyepod.
platonis sityva gamarTlda: melanos Zalian moewona axali dedamTili, romelmac male
gaaTava patarZloba da rZlis xelisSemwyobi Seiqna yovel saqmeSi. bekinac Zalian kmayofili
iyo da es kmayofileba miT ufro axarebda, rom elenem male, sul mokle xanSi, ojaxis wevrTa
siyvaruli daimsaxura da siamtkbiloba Semata saxls.
platoni imdenad guldajerebuli iyo dedinacvaliT, rom mzad iyo xeli aeRo mis saqvri-
vos gamorTmevaze bregaZeebisagan da aristos exveweboda saqmis mospobas amis Taobaze da Za-
lian swyinda, rom aristo ar Tanxmdeboda da mis Txovnas ar ijerebda.
_ bevri gaqvs yvelaferi?.. gawyens, rom Segematos cota rame Tu? _ eubneboda pasuxad aristo.
_ ara. mara... imaTgan...
_ erTi gulCvili Sen Semxvdi kidev!.. Senc kargad gamogadgeba, Cemo Zmao!.. raze unda da-
kargoT?.. ar vici! rac meti gveqneba, ufro mets movilxenT, platon Cemo! ara, batono bekina?
_ rasakvirvelia, rasakvirvelia! _ upasuxa bekinam, romlis suli da guli Seiqmna es kaci da
romlis moSoreba mas axla samZimod daurCeboda, Tumca RvTiT, aristos mxriv amaze SiSi ar
eWirveboda. igi jerjerobiT, rogorc etyoboda, kidev kai xans ar apirebda fexis mocvlas am
axali binidan.
aseT saerTo siamovnebaSi, kmayofilebaSi, erTmaneTis siyvarulSi midioda dro da Jami
samaniSvilis ojaxSi da erT dromde kidevac gagrZeldeboda es bednierebis Jami, rom erT
dRes melanos Tavzardamcemi, gulis amrevi, Wkuaze SemSleli ambavi ar gadaeca Tavis qmrisaT-
vis, riTac guli moayvanina platons ise, rom man kidevac SeubRvira da miaZaxa wyromiT:
_ nu sulelob erTi Sen!.. ra saxumaro sagani naxe axla?
_ ki ar gexumrebi, saqmes geubnebi!.. geubnebi, iseT niSnebs vatyob am qals, rom meSinia
orsulad ar iyves!.. Svilebi nu momikvdeba!.. ar giTxra, aba?! me TviTon ageraa gadvirevi... ra
ambavia es Cvens Tavze?! RmerTo, Sen dagvifare! _ iwerda pirjvars melano.
platoni sruliad daibna da xmagakmendili misCereboda cols; sruliad ar sjeroda misi
naTqvamis sinamdvile, Tumca gulma mousvenrad tokva dauwyo.
_ mogeblanda... aba rava SeiZleba?! _ wailaparaka man da cols moSorda, TiTqos eSinoda,
rom ufro dabejiTebuli, Tavzardamcemi ram ar gaegona melanosagan.
_ rasakvirvelia, mogeblanda!. aba, kargad doukvirdi, Tu ar cdebi, geigeb maSin!
_ netavi, netavi, Seni karga yofniT!
_ movklav mag ubedurs!.. RmerTmani, movklav! _ ambobda TavisTvis platoni, colis sityvebi
rom gaaxsendeboda elenes Sesaxeb. _ RmerTmani, movklav! eh, sisulelea, rasakvirvelia, sisu-
lele... melanos moeCvena mxolod!
saRamo Jami iyo, melanom rom uTxra Tavisi eWvi qmars da vaxSamze platoni imdenad Tavis
sains ar dasCereboda, ramdenad Tvali dedinacvlisken hqonda, magram verafer cvlilebas ver
amCnevda.
_ Zalian ar motyuvdi, melano? _ RimiliT uTxra man dawolis xans cols.
_ ara, platon, ara, ar unda vcdebode, Sen ar momikvde!..
_ kai, nu gadamrie kaci!
II nawili
_ ra vqna, Sen dagenacvle, mec SiSSi ar var?

platoni gaCumda. am saganze laparakic ki ar undoda. guli raRac sevdiT evseboda amis
gagonebaze, Tumca dajerebamdis metad Sors iyo. melanom isev daiwyo am saganze laparaki,
magram platonma sTxova gaCumebuliyo, sxva rameze elaparakna. man scada ZilisaTvis mieca
464
Tavi, magram colis sityvebs yurSi zariviT wkriali gahqondaT.
_ vai Tu marTla ubedureba mewia?! _ fiqrobda platoni. _ iseT niSnebs vatyobo... ah, rava
SeiZleba?! vina Tqva, vis gougonia, amgvari ambavi momxdariyves?! ornaqmarevs, uSvilos, am
sikvdilis win Svili mieces?! hm!
da platoni amSvidebda, awynarebda Tavis guls, cdilobda, rom sisxli TavSi ar avardnoda,
tvini moesvenebina; gverdidan gverdze brundeboda, cdilobda dasZineboda, magram Zili mainc
ar ekareboda... yurebSi isev colis sityvebi esmoda, romelTac misi tvini mousvenrad edave-
boda, ewinaaRmdegeboda. didxans iborga, didxans itriala ase gawvalebiT sawyalma platonma,
rom isev melanos xma moesma:
_ e, Sexede, Se kaco, Tu vcdebi... Tu sisuleles geubnebi! e, Sexede! e, Tu vcdebi... e, rava
etyoba! axlac ver xedav?
da fanjridan aniSnebda platons ezoSi mosiarule eleneze. platoni misCereboda xmaamo-
uReblad, gulafancqalebuli. dedinacvalma TiTqos dainaxa fanjarasTan mdgari gerebi da
amaTken gamoswia.
_ e, e, uime... uime! _ iyvira melanom, _ uime!.. axlac vcdebi?.. kidev vcdebi?.. vai dedaSens, vai
dedaSens! _ da muStiT emuqreboda igi dedinacvals. _ veRarc axla atyob?..
atyobs da arc atyobs. rasakvirvelia, atyobs, rasakvirvelia xedavs Tavis TvaliT, cxadad
xedavs Tavis ubedurebis momaswavebel niSans da moulodnel ubedurebis win wamdgars, enac
erTmeva, gonebac ekargeba, sisxlic uSreba da gaqvavebuli, grZnoba miClungebuli, gacivebuli
TvalebiT misCerebia am uRvTo, SeCvenebul, dawyevlil dedakacs, romelTanac arc pativiscema
gauvida, arc siyvaruli, arc samsaxuri, romelic ase uRvTod imetebda masac, mis col-Svilsac.
_ RmerTo, ra Segcode?! ra Segcode? _ sasowarkveTilebiT, naRvliT gulavsebuli kvnesis
igi. _ ra Segcode?
_ iqiT! iqiT! iqiT, Se wyeulo! _ uyviris dedinacvals platoni. _ iqiT, TvaliT mainc nu
damenaxvebi! _ magram mas TiTqos ar esmis platonis xmao, isev mobajbajebs fanjrisken, mobaj-
bajebs mZimed, ZlivsZlivobiT.
_ iqiT, Se SeCvenebulo! iqiT, Torem mogkali es ari! RmerTo, rom ar esmis?
ar esmis Tavisi xma arc platons, Tumca yviris, rac Rone aqvs. xma piridan ar amosdis, iqve
gulSi rCeba uRono, susti, gaugonari, da es umatebs gamwarebas, ufro uklavs guls, uxuTavs
suls. umwvervalesad aRelvebuli kacis Tvalwin yovelive airia, aiSala, amoZravda; acaxcaxe-
buli, aTrTolebuli Zlivs dgas fexze. es raRa ambavia?! ra aris es?! ra ambavi xdeba dRes am
saxlSi? vin Svreba amas? RmerTo, momkali! vin gadmoagdo es qaTmebi wrial-wrialiT ezos rom
moefinen? amaT ahyvnen batebic, kvatebic, oriode indouric; midian iqiT-aqeT, calcalkevde-
bian, zogi elenes misdevs, zogi fanjrisken morbis platonTan. aqve morbis fexeb-gamobzekili,
uWmelobiT Zalze gamxdari sanaSeno Rori, auSveria dingi, raRacas Rrutunebs, TiTqos kiT-
xulobdes raRacas. cxvari vin gamoagdo beRlidan, sasuqi cxvari? vin qna? ra ambavia! vin oxeri
Cadis amas? ra undaT am xarebs, ase rom dazmuian? ra ambavi xdeba am ezoSi? ram gadaria yvela?
vin gamoalaga gareT kodi, saceri, samtkici, qoTnebi, gobi, kovzi, rodini, kecebi? vin iSleba
da ireva ase ucnaurad? suli exuTeba platons da azrdabneuli mxolod ugunurad misCerebia
da meti gancvifrebisagan aRar icis, ra qnas, ra Tqvas...
_ Suaze, Suaze! _ daiZaxa viRacam.
moisma erTi wkriali da mTlad samzareulo SeinZra, Sefamfalda da darRvevas apirebs.
_ male, male! _ daiZaxa elenem. _ male, yvelaferi gahyaviT sul yvelaferi, sul!
aq ki moikriba platonma ukanaskneli Zal-Rone, rac xma Seswevda gamwarebul kacs, Seecada
da morTo yvirili:
_ meicadeT, meicadeT! gaCerdiT! nu CqarobT!.. egeb mkvdari daibados! SedeqiT! egeb RmerTma
II nawili
sicocxle ar aRirsos! gaCerdiT, Tqve oxrebo! nu SvebiT magas! gaCerdiT, gaCerdiT, ga-Cer-
diT! ga, ga! _ cdilobda platoni daeyvira, magram misi xma aravis esmoda, is isev iqve wydeboda,
kodi _ xis WurWeli

samtkici _ wminda saceri
465
hqreboda. saxlis kedlebs ki lawa-luwi gahqonda, yovelive ingreoda, yovelive iSleboda,
nawildeboda. platonis Zaxili aravis eyureboda, mxolod elenes xmasa da brZanebas misdevdnen:
”male, male! yvelaferi gahyaviT!” _ ar wynardeboda igi. da uRono, gulCaTuTquli, gawiwmate-
buli platoni, rogorc iqna, mosxlta Tavis adgils, miiWra fanjarasTan, moindoma iqiT ga-
daxtoma da am dawyevlili dedinacvlis iqve CaxCoba, magram iqve daeca uZluriviT atirebuli,
bavSviviT aRrialebuli, mware cremlebiT TvalebCamobnelebuli.
_ platon, platon! ra dagemarTa, ra dagemarTa, kaco? _ SiSisagan gadareuli ekiTxeboda
melano qmars, romelic isev Semzaravad tiroda. _ gamoiRviZe, platon! nu gadarie, kaco, bov-
Sebi!
platonis ucnaur Rrialze gamoRviZebul bavSvebs erTi vai-vaglaxi SeeqnaT da TviTonac
SeSinebuli melano xan imaT awynarebda, xan platons uZaxda da mis gamofxizlebas cdilobda,
rogorc iqna, platonmac gamoifxizla, miixed-moixeda, magram bnelaSi ras dainaxavda.
_ kinaRam ar SegvSale, Se kaco, yvela! _ usayvedura melanom qmars. _ bovSebi aRar arian
SiSiT, ra sizmari naxe mainc aseTi ucnauri?! kai, Tu RmerTi gwams!
_ maS es sizmari iyo! _ da platonma Sublze xeli gadaisva da mere pirjvaric gadaisaxa.
_ ra ambavia, melano? ra deemarTa platons? _ moisma bekinas SeSfoTebuli xma meore oTa-
xidan.
_ araferi, batono... sizmarSi gaxldaT! _ miugo melanom.
_ sizmarSi?
_ diax!
_ Cven ki aRara varT da!.. axla daiwyo magisTana sizmrebi mag kacma?! winaT ar icoda... guli
dauSoSmine, rZalo, guli _ da am sityvebTan bekinas sicilic moisma.
melanom kargad axsna platonis sizmari: misi sityviT, yovelive mosalodneli gansacdeli
Tavidan unda ascdenodaT: sul mokle xanSi usaTuod unda moSloda muceli elenes, Tu namdvi-
lad orsulad iyo.
am ukanaskneli garemoebis sabolood gadawyvetas, mis ueWvelobis Setyobas bevri xani
aRarc ki dasWirvebia, Tumca platonisaTvis mTelma saukunem gaiara gawvalebis, wamebis sauku-
nem. ueWveli Seiqna, rom elene mizezobda, rom igi fexmZimed iyo. melanoc da platonic az-
rdabneulni Sehyurebdnen erTmaneTs xmaamouReblad, gaSterebulni, gaqvavebulni.
bekinamac Seatyo cols misi mdgomareoba da moxucebuls Tavzari dasca am garemoebam. be-
kinas Sercxva ucnaurad da ewyina uzomod. axla mixvda Tu ram Seucvala guneba platons am
ukanasknel xanebSi, axla gaigo rZlis dasevdianebis mizezi. da moxucebul bekinas etkina guli,
Seenana Tavisi axireba... xom Caagdo sayvareli Svili cecxlsa da mduRarebaSi?! xom mouspo
xalisi da gulis mSvidoba?! damnaSaved warmoudga Tavisi Tavi Svilis winaSe da miT ufro wuxda,
rom saSvel gzas versad xedavda.
_ mainc am oxriSvilma raRa Cems xelSi gamoiCina Tavisi qaloba! hm! _ sevdianad ambobda
eleneze gulmosuli bekina.
bekina mxolod imiT inugeSebda am SewuxebaSi Tavs, rom neba darTo Svils qali TviTon
amoerCia, rom elene misi surviliT, misi amorCeviT hyavda naTxovi.
guldawyvetili platoni ki mosasvenebel alags veRar poulobda: Wkua SeryeuliviT xan
sad dadioda, xan sad, muSaobaze gulacruebuli, Tavis mwuxarebas gadayolili.
_ biWo, ra miqeni? ra miqeni, Seni ojaxi daiqca... mainc qea daqceuli!.. ra dagiSave, Se usin-
diso! _ eubneboda gamwarebiT aristos. _ biWo, raze dagWirda Cemi daRupva, Se uRmerTo, raze
SemomaCeCe es sasikvdile mamidaSeni? ra dagiSave, biWo?!
_ meica, meica, platon sayvarelo Zmao! me ra usindisoba vqeni, Se kaco? macale, macale! Sen
sadedinacvlod eZebdi imisTana qals, ornaqmarebi yofiliyo... ase araa, a?
II nawili
_ ki!
_ uSvilos, Svili rom ar hyoloda imisTanas, ara?
_ rasakvirvelia!
_ xelSi mogeci, Cemo Zmao, Seni sasurveli, Zmurad dagexmare; Tumca ar gicnobdi, mara
pirvel Sexvedridanve Seni siyvaruli gulma igrZno... imitom wagyevi, saqme gagakeTebie... cudi
466 ra miqnia, Zmao, Cemo sayvarelo?!
_ rom daorsulda?
_ eg ra vici, Cemo platon!
_ egeb wineTac hyavda Svili da Sen...
_ rjuli, xati, jvari! SeCvenebuli viyo! ase damemxos Tavi _ da aristom miwas daabertya
Tavisi lamazi axali patara boxoxi.
_ aba, ra aris? ratom? _ sityvas veRar ambobda sevdamoreuli ymawvili kaci. _ ratom sxvas-
Tan ar hyolia, da...
_ eg, Cemo Zmao, mamaSens daabrale! _ RimiliT uTxra aristom. _ mamaSens daabrale! ucnauri
kaci yofila...
_ viRupebi, aristo, wmindad viRupebi! _ wamoiZaxa platonma. _ riTi varCino col-Svili,
riTi varCino? rava udanod gamomWra yeli mamaCemma... ra vqna, ra meSveleba? ra meSveleba?
_ guli geimagre.. guli geimagre, platon, _ udardelad miaZaxa aristom. _ guli geimagre,
RmerTi mowyalea! yvelaferi RvTiTaa!
RvTiTaa Tu uRvToTaa, ra daaSava, ra awyenia amisTana, rom aseTi sasjeli miesaja? ra qna
iseTi, rom amgvari wyroma daimsaxura? ris gulisaTvis isjeba ase mwared?.. da platoni yovel
Tavis namoqmedars, yovel Tavis warsuls ixseniebda da arCevda Tu riT SeeZlo ganerisxa RvTa-
eba da gamoewvia misgan iseTi misi Seubralebloba. araferi, sruliad araferi saamiso ar uqnia.
kaci ar mouklavs, ar dauCexia, ar ueSmaknia jereT. jereT arc uqurdnia, araferi mouparavs,
aravisTvis araferi ar waurTmevia... am sityvaze ki Sedga, SeCerda platoni. ar waurTmevia,
magram xom arTmevs bregaZeebs... kanonierad ki, mara xom mainc arTmevs masze ufro sawyalT,
masze ufro gaWirvebulT, TiTqmis mSivrebs; Secodebis magierad ukanasknel lukmas stacebs
da amis gamo vis Cauyara xelSi sacodavebi, vis? kaciWamia gverdevaniZes, am Seubralebel kacs?
da RmerTi Seibralebda-Ra?! rasakvirvelia, ara! _ gunebaSi gaiZaxoda platoni da gulgaxeT-
qili gverdvaniZisas gaiqca, rom saqme moespobina, eTqva, rom groSi-kapeiki ar undoda brega-
Zeebis gamonarTmevi. amiT apirebda platoni ganrisxebul, Semomwyral zenas gulismogebas,
Tavis danaSaulis gamosyidvas da imedobda, rom daubrundeboda rasac xelidan aclidnen, rom
SenaniebasTan erTad mis dedinacvalsac muceli moeSleboda.
gverdevaniZem ar Seiwynara platonis Txovna. bevric icina platonis sityvaze. bevri Sroma
hqonda gaweuli da rom saqme moespo, mosalodneli gasamrjelo xom daekargeboda. platonma
TviTon ikisra imis gadaxda, oRond ki saqme mospobiliyo da bregaZeebs araferi gadaxdomodaT.
man misca gverdevaniZes veqsili da gamobrunda saxlSi, cotaTi imedgaRviZebuli, momlodine,
rom misi msxverpli miRebuli iqneboda da mis dedinacvals gauwyaldeboda misTvis Tavzar-
damcemi moziaris Casaxuloba.
XII
magram imedi ar sruldeboda. xani gadioda da sazareli arseba zrdaSi Sedioda. kidev cota
xani da platons TvaliTac daenaxveboda TviTon da Tavis xmasac gaagonebda.
es garemoeba SeSliliviT xdida platons. am kacma sruliad goneba dahkarga, gaWirveulda,
daekarga yovelive moTmineba. iseTi xasiaTi daiWira, rom kaci veRar cnobda. xsnas, sxva saSvels
rom veras xedavda Tavis mawuxeblis mosaSoreblad, igi ucnauri winadadebiT mivida Tavis
mamasTan. bekinam iyvira, roca Svilis naTqvami gaigona. moxucebuli kaci kinaRam gadairia:
_ RmerTi deiviwye, Se ubeduro?.. RmerTi aRar gagaxsenda, magisTana azrebi rom TavSi mo-
givida?! moxucebul kacs maZaleb sulis wasawymedi saqme Cevidino?.. RvTis Casaxuli kaci mov-
kla?.. gagiJdi, Se RmerTgamwyralo? rava meubnebi, dedakacs muceli movaSlevino? ram gafiq-
II nawili
rebia amnairi uRvTo saqme, ram? _ yviroda bekina Svilis naTqvamiT gacecxlebuli. platoni ki
warbebSexrili, saxedaRvremili idga erT adgilas gayuCebuli jiutad da dabla imzireboda.
_ ra iqna, RmerTmani, ra gaqvT amdeni sadavidarabo, rom kacma Tqvengan erTi tkbili sityva
veRar gaigona am bolo dros?! sul mobRuSva, sul usiamovneba! _ Tqva amaT Semomswrebma elenem,
romelic iqve mijda taxtze, damZimebuli. _ mtrisas iqnas ase, mtrisas.
467
_ kai, kai!. Sen aravin gkiTxavs arafers! _ Seutia bekinam.
platonma mwyralis TvaliT gadaxeda dedinacvals da isev ibruna piri.
_ Sen ar momikvde, arc mamas da arc Svils aravin ar mogiwonosT eg ambavi!
amisi Tqma iyo da platoni eca elenes; moxucebuli qali gagorda taxtze; is iyo platoni
mucelSi upirebda wixlis Cartymas, rom bekinam xeli hkra; wixli ascda elenes, mxolod mCated
moxvda xelze. platoni ucbad motrialda da isev unda Caertya meored wixli, magram bekinam
xeli waavlo gamxecebul Svils, romelic giJiviT hyviroda:
_ ar mokvdebi? ar mokvdebi? axlac ar mokvdebi! _ da elene marjved gamoisrola karebisaken.
fexmZime qalis yvirilma iqauroba SesZra. platoni axla swored mxeci iyo, Seubralebeli,
sisxlismsmeli. mas undoda moespo is arseba, romelic axla gahkioda, misi sisxli swyuroda,
gaafTrebuli iwevda misken da usaTuod codvas daatrialebda, rom bekinas Zaxilze melano ar
Semovardniliyo da gamgelebuli platoni gareT ar gamoegdoT.
_ gamiReT, kari gamiReT! _ ucnaurad Rrialebda igi. _ kari gamiReT axlave! melano, kari,
Tvara Senc mogkali es ari! moSordi axlave mag sasikvdiles!.. geubnebi, moSordi-Tqva!
magram melano bekinasTan erTad gulwasul elenes mosulierebas cdilobda, Tavs dastri-
alebda sabralo moxucebul dedinacvals, romlis sicocxle bewvze ekida.
am dRidan platoni namdvil nadiriviT Seiqmna. dRisiT sadRac daexeteboda, Sin mxolod
saRamoobiT modioda, isic dawolis xans. TviT melanosac aRar scemda xmas, iseT xasiaTze dadga.
bekina amsoflad aRar iyo javrisagan.
_ movmkvdariyavi... marikasTan erTad miwas SeveWame da am dRes ar movswrebodi netavi! _
naRvlianad ambobda moxuci.
imedad am ubedurebis gamosakeTeblad isRa darCenoda, rom egeb elenes vaJi ar miscemoda
da qaliSvili dabadeboda; amas SeeZlo platonis damSvideba da dawynareba; da bekina mouTmen-
lad moeloda am dRes da yovel wamSi RmerTs amas evedreboda: `RmerTo, elenes gogo ayoleo!..”
magram male es imedic moespo sawyal berikacs: elenes vaJi SeeZina da amasTan yovelive
imedi gaqra winandeli siamtkbilobis xelaxlad damyarebisa mis ojaxSi.
metad dajavrianda amis gamo bekina. misi mowyeniT yofna, uxalisoba Svilis SeZenis Semdeg,
munjad yofna colTan, guls uTuTqavda melogine elenes, romlis mimxedavi, misi Semcodebeli
mxolod erTaderTi melano iyo.
_ RmerTi gadagixdis, Svilo, RmerTi, Seni gulkeTilobisaTvis! RmerTi gadagixdis! ve-
nacvale mis Zlierebas, wvalebisa da usiamovnebisaTvis vyolivar gaCenili im dalocvils...
madlobas vwirav!.. ra vqna, ras vizam? yovel suliers Tavisi bedi aqvs. raSi eWirveba RmerTs
Cemi tanjva-wvaleba, Cemi gajaxireba? vis ra davuSave... CemiT ra miqnia vismesTvis cudi?! _
guldawyvetili, gauxarebeli Tavis sicocxleSi, elene cdilobda dRevandeli mwuxarebac moT-
minebiT aetana.
raki platons Zma gauCnda qveyanaze, man imwamsve calke gasvla aiJina.
_ biWo, me ras mipirob, me, moxucebul kacs?! nu mispob wuTisofels, oriode dRe damrCenia
mxolod sasicocxlod!.. biWo, mama var Seni, rac unda iyos! sad unda waxvide?
_ me Cemic bevri myavs mosavleli! Cemi tvirTic meyofa... sxvas ar Sevakla Cemi Tavi! me
Cemsas movuvli, Cemsas davepatronebi! _ gajiutebiT da gulcivad ambobda platoni.
_ biWo, moxucebulma mamaSenma raRa qnas? xom ici, rom me muSaoba aRar SemiZlia? biWo,
Sebraleba aRar ician TqvenSi?
_ me Semibrala vinmem? _ wailaparaka platonma da piri iqiT miibruna.
_ Sevcdi, Svilo, Sevcdi. aRar mepativeba? nu momiZuleb, Se kaco, sabolood!.. mindoda, ase
rom momxdariyo? megona? Semacdina eSmakma... Senc imedi gqonda, rom ase ar iqneboda... ra vqnaT
axla, RmerTma ase ineba... Cven ra gagvewyoba! nu gamimwareb, Svilo, am ukanasknel dReebs, nu
II nawili
CamaSxameb! isev, rogorc winaT, vicxovroT siamtkbilobiT... RmerTi amisaTvis magiers gizRavs,
xels mogimarTavs, Segeweva, gaWirebas Segimsubuqebs... ki, Svilo, ki, Cemo sayvarelo! vin geigona
Cveni gayra! ki, Cemo platon, ki Seni keTili gulis ambavi ar vici gana?.. rac Sen Cemi siyvaruli
gqonda, ase uceb rava damekargeba, rogor devijero?! ki, ki, Cemo platon _ emudareboda bekina
gulamRvreul Svils, magram ukanasknels winandeli gulic dahkargoda da grZnobac. igi mtki-
468
ced idga Tavis gadawyvetilebaze.
platons imdenad sZulda axladdabadebuli bavSvi, rom arc Tavad unaxavs da colsac nebas
ar aZlevda masze xma amoeRo masTan.
bevrs Seecadnen mezoblebic, mama da Svili ar gaTvisebuliyvnen, magram platoni veras
gziT ver daiyolies. aTasnair pirobebs udebda bekina Svils, rom mamulis naxevarSi moziareT
aravin Seecileboda, Tu gind aTi Svilic miscemoda kidev, magram platoni mainc Tavisaze idga.
mas axla amnairi pirobebisa aRara swamda-ra.
ramdenime Tvis Semdeg mama da Svili gaiyarnen. platonma Zvel samosaxloze daSorebiT
amoirCia adgili, Caitana samzareulo saxli, Seiyvana Sig Tavisi col-Svili da daiwyo iseTive
cxovreba, rogorc antona bregaZem, romelsac am erTi wlis winaT iseTi SecodebiT misCereboda
daviTis aivnidan.
bekinas meti Svili aRar miscemia. sayvareli Svilis mier moZulebam metad daanaRvliana
moxucebuli, metad daamwuxara da am mwuxarebam kidevac xuTi wlis Semdeg am wuTisofels mo-
aSora. sikvdilis win man moixmo `Tavisi platoni~, acremlebuli TvalebiT ukanasknelad mi-
teveba sTxova `misi sisulelisaTvis, uWkuobisaTvis~ da `Sav-dReze gaCenili~ Zmis, udanaSaulo
Cvilis Sebralebas evedreboda. marTalia, platonma aRuTqva momakvdavs misi nebis asruleba,
magram bekina advilad atyobda, grZnobda, rom gulwrfelad ar hpirdeboda; Zmebs keTili gan-
wyobileba arasodes ar eqnebodaT; atyobda bekina da sawyal momakvdavs Sxamad Cahyva es gare-
moeba miwaSi.
da bekina ar Semcdara, rom iseTi winaTgrZnoba hqonda.
#-is momrigebeli mosamarTlis saxlis aivanze Zalian xSirad SegxvdebaT SavebiT morTuli
xnieri dedakaci, romelsac xan mzad dakecili misarTmevi Txovna uWiravs xelSi, xan isea _
xelcarieli; gverdiT uyenia xuTi wlis patara SavTvala malxazi bavSvi, CiTis bluziT, wiTeli
wuRebiT, kizirokiani qudiT Tavze, uqamrod, da mosamarTlesTan misvlis drois mowevamdis
es dedakaci guldamwvari uambobs xolme nacnobT da gars Semoseul mayurebelT Tavis gaWir-
vebas, usaSvelobas da mwuxarebas, rac maT orsave deda-Svils adgiaT misi geris, platon sama-
niSvilisagan, romelmac aRarc Robe SearCina, aRarc sazRvari, aRarc adgili da iZulebuls
xdis sawyal moxucebul qvriv dedakacs iwanwalos yovelkvira sasamarTloSi.
es dedakaci gaxldaT, rogorc TviTonac mixvdebodiT, bekina samaniSvilis qvrivi elene
da patara bavSvi _ Svili misi, romelmac jer arc ki icoda, rasakvirvelia, ramdeni usiamovneba
moitana misma gaCenam da amitomac ase xalisianad icqireboda aqeT-iqiT da siamovnebiT Sehyu-
rebda mofusfuse xalxs.
1896
imsjeleT bekina samaniSvilis saxeze _ gaaanalizeT am personaJis avtoriseuli da-

xasiaTeba, misi emociebi, fiqrebi, gamonaTqvamebi, qceva; rogoria Tqveni azri mis Sesaxeb,
Tqveni ganwyoba mis mimarT.
ra Seadgens platon samaniSvilis mdgomareobis siZneles da komikurobas, amgvari
mdgomareobis ganmapirobebel mizezebs.
rogor amJRavnebs platonis bunebas misi Canafiqri; ra mimarTebaa am Canafiqrs da
aznauris cnobierebas, socialur statuss Soris; Tqven rogor SeafasebT platonis
proeqts.
II nawili
ganixileT platonis aznaurul Tavmoyvareobaze, sircxvilis grZnobaze mimaniS-

nebeli epizodebi da detalebi.
Sesabamisi epizodebis, detalebis, gamonaTqvamebis analizis safuZvelze imsjeleT
kiriles xasiaTze, qcevis da metyvelebis maneraze, mis damokidebulebaze cxovrebisad-
mi, adamianebisadmi. 469
daaxasiaTeT kiriles urTierToba platonTan, misi damokidebuleba platonis miz-
nisadmi.
rogor warmoCndeba saloberiZeebis ojaxis yofaSi aznaurTa nawilis cxovrebis
stili, Rirebulebebi.
imsjeleT, rogori adamianis rolis TamaSs cdilobs aristo qvaSaviZe da rogoria
misi moqmedebis ganmsazRvreli namdvili motivebi.
daaxasiaTeT bregaZeebis ojaxis cxovreba da mis wevrTa raoba; rogor ganwyobile-
bas aRZravs moTxrobis Sesabamisi pasaJebi da ratom.
gaaanalizeT bedisweris, bedis ironiis motivi moTxrobaSi.
rogoria platon samaniSvilis damokidebuleba RmerTisadmi da ra cvlilebebs ga-
nicdis es damokidebuleba.
rogor warmoisaxeba platonis sizmarSi am adamianis buneba da grZnobebi, emociebi.
ra gamoxatulebas povebs platonis zneobrivi gardaqmna; imsjeleT Temaze _ pla-
ton samaniSvili da qristianuli zneoba.
rogoria Tqveni ganwyoba am personaJisadmi siuJetis ganviTarebis sxvadasxva sa-
fexurze da ra gansazRvravs mas.
rogor warmoCndeba nawarmoebSi elene; rogor ganwyobas aRZravs TqvenSi es per-
sonaJi; ramdenad Seesatyviseba erTmaneTs misi buneba da xvedri.
rogor ixateba bekina moTxrobis bolos; rogoria Tqveni ganwyoba am personaJi-
sadmi _ Tqveni azriT, ramdenad aris pasuxismgebeli igi imis gamo, rac moxda.
imsjeleT moTxrobaSi gamokveTil sicialur da moralur problemebze.
gansazRvreT moTxrobis personaJTa miswrafebebis da interesebis raoba, masStabi.
daaxasiaTeT avtoris damokidebuleba Tavisi personaJebisadmi, nawarmoebSi gamo-
saxuli qarTuli sinamdvilisadmi.
ganixileT moTxrobaSi daxatuli yvelaze komikuri situaciebi; moiZieT da gaaana-
lizeT gansakuTrebuli komikuri elferis mqone gamoTqmebi, leqsika; imsjeleT komiz-
mis da naRvliani ganwyobis urTierTmimarTebaze nawarmoebSi.
imsjeleT, ra motivebi da mxatvruli Taviseburebani amsgavsebs erTmaneTTan da
ra ganasxvavebs `samaniSvilis dedinacvals~, `bakulas Rorebs~, `Serisxvas~.
imsjeleT, rogor vlindeba egoizmi, SiSi, TviTgadarCenis instinqti `samaniSvilis
dedinacvalSi~, `mrisxane batonSi~, romanis `yovelman Cemman mpovnelman~ fragmentSi.
kritikuli azri
leo qiaCeli
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom XIX saukunis qarTvel mweralTa Soris daviT kldiaSvili yvelaze
ufro damoukidebeli, uSualo, ucxouri literaturuli gavlenebisagan Tavisufali mxatva-
ria. rasakvirvelia, amis Tqma imas ar niSnavs, rom kldiaSvilis Semoqmedebas kavSiri ar hqondes
im gzebsa da kompoziciur xerxebTan, romlebis saSualebiT xorc-feri esxmeba mxatvrul gan-
zraxvebs saerTod. arcTu ise mdidaria adamianis Semoqmedeba am formaluri saSualebebis mra-
valsaxeobiT, romlis maragi gansazRvrulad unda CaiTvalos.
ama Tu im ideisa Tu Canafiqris gamosaxatavad, siuJetis gasaSlelad da saxeTa Camosayali-
beblad adamianis mxatvrul Semoqmedebas erTi nacadi da universaluri gza aqvs SerCeuli: es
II nawili
aris gmiris dapirispireba gareSe samyarosTan, misi ocnebisa da survilebis an Segnebis daja-
xeba sinamdvilesTan. msoflio literaturis praqtikaSi es gza sxvadasxva formas iRebs. magram
misi yvelaze ufro gavrcelebuli da uZvelesi saxe aris gmiris mogzauroba erTi adgilidan
Tu qveynidan meoreSi raime dasaxuli miznis Sesasruleblad. es xerxi iseTive Zvelia, rogorc
TviTon Semoqmedeba. misi saTave ikargeba xalxur zepirsityvaobaSi _ zRaprebSi, TqmulebebSi.
470
ueWvelia, literaturaSic igi aqedan aris Semosuli garkveuli kompoziciuri xerxis saxiT.
òdiseadan~ dawyebuli vidre Cvens dromde CamoTvlac ki Znelia im ganumeorebeli, ukvda-
vi qmnilebebisa, romlebic am kompoziciis principebze arian agebulni. amnairma kompoziciam,
Cvengan arc ise daSorebul droSi, klasikuri gamoxatuleba hpova servantesis `don kixotSi~.
uaxles qarTul literaturaSi ise brwyinvaled aravis gamouyenebia es kompoziciuri xer-
xi, rogorc kldiaSvilma gamoiyena igi Tavis `samaniSvilis dedinacvalSi~. metad sagulisxmi-
erod mimaCnia am patara qarTuli moTxrobis Sexvedra am mxriT msoflio literaturis ub-
rwyinvales SedevrebTan. ra Tqma unda, am Sexvedras is mniSvneloba ar eqneboda, romelic me
minda mas mivakuTvno moTxrobis Rirsebis aRsaniSnavad, igi rom mibaZvis Sedegi, nasesxebi
yofiliyo.
Cven gvxiblavs swored is garemoeba, rom `samaniSvilis dedinacvlis~ kompozicia iseve,
rogorc, Tu gnebavT, gogolis `mkvdari sulebis~ amnairive kompozicia, organulad Serwymu-
lia nawarmoebis mTavar ideasTan, rogorc misi erTaderTi aucilebeli forma, misi sruliad
bunebrivi samoseli.
albaT udavoa is faqti, rom mxatvruli ganzraxvis dabadebas mwerlis TavSi Tan dahyveba
intuituri migneba gamosaxvis iseTi saSualebisa, romelic mas yvelaze ufro srulyofilad
ganaxorcielebs.
platon samaniSvilis mogzauroba imereTis soflebSi mamis maSvlis rolSi, moxucebuli
bekinasTvis òri qmris xelSi namyofi~ da mainc uSvilo `dulcineas~ saZebrad, samagaliTo da
sakvirveli ambavia, SemoqmedebiTi fantaziis ubrwyinvalesi nayofi. daviT kldiaSvilis mxat-
vruli alRo aq Tavis umaRles mwvervals aRwevs. am mwvervalidan ori didi samyaro moCans:
erTi TviTon daviT kldiaSvilis Sinagani samyaro, misi niWis xasiaTi da buneba, xolo meore _
imereTi mTlianad aRebuli, rogorc daviT kldiaSvilis Semoqmedebis fantasmagoriuli sam-
yaro da amave dros uzustesad moxazuli sinamdvile.
aseTia `samaniSvilis dedinacvlis~ erTi mxare. aranaklebad sayuradReboa meorec _ es
Seexeba sakuTriv mxatvrobas.
arseboben nawarmoebebi, romelTa kiTxva mkiTxvels arasodes ar moswyindeba. aseT nawar-
moebebSi sinamdvile da warmodgena ise Seerwymian erTmaneTs, rom calkeul arsebobas kargaven
da erT mTlianobaSi moqceulni axal esTetikur fenomenad gvevlinebian.
aseTia `samaniSvilis dedinacvali~.
ramdenjerac unda waikiTxoT igi, sul erTia _ sakmarisia pirvel striqonebs Tvali Seav-
loT, rom Tqvens saxeze netari Rimili gadaiSalos da SegipyroT esTetikuri tkbobis wyur-
vilma, romelsac aucileblad moeliT.
daviT kldiaSvili sayvareli mweralia. magram amave dros is sastikic aris da ulmobeli.
unda icodeT, rom miuxedavad misdami Tqveni siyvarulisa, is Tqven ar dagzogavT da netar
Rimils saxeze uaRresi mwuxarebiT SegicvliT, Tu cxovrebis simarTlem es moiTxova.
Tqven, iqneba, ggoniaT, `samaniSvilis dedinacvlis~ striqonebma imitom gamoiwvies Tqvens
pirisaxeze Rimili, rom avtoris mizans Seadgenda TqvenTvis siamovneba moeniWebina da sxva
araferi?
ra Tqma unda, ara. Tqveni mxriT es iqneboda didi gulubryviloba.
Tqveni Rimili daviT kldiaSvils im saSinel kontrastuli efeqtis mosaxdenad sWiroda,
romelic mas moTxrobis bolosTvis aqvs Semonaxuli.
platonis mier didi vai-vaglaxiT mignebul, ornaqmarev, uSvilod darCenil dedinacvals
Svili eyola, _ ojaxs axali adamiani SeeZina. wesiT da bunebiT es sasixarulo, bednieri movlena
unda yofiliyo, magram...
moigoneT moTxrobis bolo, romlisTvisac gamzadebdaT Tqven sastiki avtori. Tqven uTu-
od SegzaravT am bolos saSineleba, da aqamde Rimilmoreul saxes mogiqcevT Tavzardamcemi
SiSi adamianisaTvis.
magram esec xom esTetikuri kategoriis efeqtia, Rimilis Tanabari Zalisa, da Tqvenc ga-
II nawili
nagrZobT daviT kldiaSvilis siyvaruls, radganac iciT, rom yvela didi da sayvareli mxatvari
sastikia da ulmobeli, rogorc TviT cxovreba.
òdisea~ _ berZeni mwerlis homerosis (Zv.w.a. VIII s) epikuri poema

nikolai gogoli (1809-1852) _ rusi mwerali; `mkvdari sulebi~ misi vrceli prozauli nawarmoebia
dulcinea, dulsinea _ don kixotis satrfo, mis mier idealizebuli ubralo qali
471
statiis avtoris azriT, ra aris mxatvruli Semoqmedebis universaluri motivi.

mogzauroba rogorc siuJetis gaSlis xerxi da misi azrobrivi daniSnuleba, mizan-
dasaxuloba.
am xerxis gamovlinebebi literaturaSi.
mogzauroba `samaniSvilis dedinacvalSi~ _ misi xasiaTis da efeqtis gansazRvra.
ganmarteT `sinamdvilis da warmodgenis~ Serwyma `samaniSvilis dedinacvalSi~.
`samaniSvilis dedinacvlis~ avtori _ ùlmobeli~ mwerali.
guram asaTiani
sad aris saZiebeli daviT kldiaSvilis gmirTa Zirebi, maTi literaturuli saTaveebi,
maTi urTierTobis, Sewyvilebis arqetipebi (pirvelsaxeebi, pirvelnimuSebi)?
Cemi fiqriT, platonisa da kiriles aliansi Tavis arqetips tarielisa da avTandilis daZ-
mobilebaSi povebs. aseTi kavSiri (`vefxistyaosansa~ da `samaniSvilis dedinacvals~ Soris)
SeiniSneba Sesabamis siuJetur koliziebSic, personaJTa fsiqologiur mdgomareobaSic da im
funqciebSic, romelsac TiToeuli maTgani asrulebs, rogorc daZmobilebuli wyvilis er-
Teuli.
cxadia, daviT kldiaSvilis moTxrobaSi yovelive es parodirebis doneze xorcieldeba, oRond
parodia aq farTo _ ara literaturuli, aramed cxovrebiseuli _ mniSvnelobiT moqmedebs.
platoni da kirile im sulieri formaciis, im fsiqologiuri modgmis nabolarebi arian,
romlis socialur-zneobrivi aRzevebis zenitze tarielisa da avTandilis idealuri saxeebi
aRmocendnen. amis gamo maT SegnebaSi da moqmedebaSi yvelaferi gadagvarebuli, nakluli, sa-
valalod nirSecvlili saxiT warimarTa.
tarielis msgavsad, platon samaniSvilic `Sepyrobili~ gmiria, _ erTi ideiT, erTi vnebiT
atacebuli pirovnebaa. isic Tavis ìdeals~ eZebs _ Tavisi `bednierebis~ erTaderT sagans. am
ZiebaSi masac (rogorc tariels) megzuri da Tanamdgomi esaWiroeba. swored aseT misias iRebs
Tavis Tavze kirile da mTeli misi moqmedebac am moTxrobaSi, Tavisi `gamiznulobiT~ megzu-
roba da Tanadgomaa. sakuTari interesi, moTxrobis fabulis mixedviT, mas ar gaaCnia. am mxriv
is avTandilze ufro Sors midis...
magram ras eZeben es axali drois raindebi? cxovrebiseuli ironiis mTavari zambarac
swored aq aris! maTi zraxvisa da Ziebis sagani, maTi saocnebo `mzeTunaxavi~ orgzis ganaTxo-
vari, xandazmuli berwi dedakacia _ samaniSvilis nanatri sadedinacvlo.
siberwe _ saimedod garantirebuli, eWvmiutaneli yovelgvari gaugebrobisagan dazRve-
uli unayofoba _ ai maT odiseis sanukvari mizani.
koliziis amgvari parodiuli sqema gansazRvravs maT qcevasac da xasiaTebsac _ platonis
sulier siZabunes da, gansakuTrebiT, kiriles wregadasul amCatebas.
avTandilis rainduli devizi: _ `vis sikvdili moyvrisaTvis TamaSad da miCans mRerad~ _
kiriles xelSi Tavis parodiul ukiduresobad gardaiqmneba.
`TamaSi~ ganmsazRvreli Strixia mTeli misi arsebisa. iq, sadac yvelam da yvelaferma da-
karga Tavisi pirveladi Rirebuleba, yovelive gaufasurda, gauxamsda, samarcxvinod profa-
nirebul iqmna da amdenad dakarga WeSmariti realobis Tviseba, erTaderTi bunebrivi reagireba
cxovrebis mware ironiaze esaa _ mxolod TavzexelaRebuli, TviTkmari, arafrisdamdevi, mxi-
II nawili
aruli `TamaSi~.
rogorc ar unda iqceodes es diadi deboSiri, raoden ar unda Wrides Tavs Tavisi aRvir-
axsnili TavqarianobiT, raoden ar unda aZrwunebdes Tavis pragmatikos megobars, is mainc mis
saSveladaa gasuli gzaze da misi gulisnadebis, misi ubadruki xvaSiadis aRsasruleblad iR-
472 vwis. sakuTari, piradi Tu saxvalio araferi ar edardeba, erTi wamiTac ar wydeba guli, rom
sxvisTvis kargavs dros, arc risime damadleba mosdis TavSi, arc iotisodena gamorCenaze
fiqrobs. erTi sityviT, namdvili siyvaruliT, guliTadad, laRad _ `TamaSiT da mReriT~ _
asrulebs Tavis keTilSobilur misias.
isic unda iTqvas: didi sevdaa am mxiarulebaSi. magram meramdene Taoba icinis gulianad
yovelive amis Semyure?
kritikosis Tvalsazrisidan gamomdinare, daviT kldiaSvilma gamiznulad Seqmna

`vefxistyaosnis~ parodia, Tu cxovrebam warmoaCina misi personaJebi `vefxistyaos-
nis~ gmirTa sasacilo msgavsebebad.
kritikosis azri kldiaSvilis personaJTa dakninebulobis mizezze.
ra qmnis ìroniis mTavar zambaras~.
platonis da tarielis saxeTa Sepirispireba.
kirile da misi arqetipi _ avTandili.
kiriles `TamaSis~ daxasiaTeba da Sefaseba.
kiriles qcevis motivebi kritikosis TvalTaxedviT; ramdenad gasaziarebelia
TqvenTvis es TvalTaxedva.
grigol kiknaZe
daviT kldiaSvili iRebs sasaubro metyvelebisaTvis damaxasiaTebel tons, anu iseTnair

metyvelebas irCevs, romelic didad ar gansxvavdeba misi personaJebis metyvelebis tonisa da
mimdinareobisagan. am mxriv avtoris metyveleba ki ar upirispirdeba personaJTa metyvelebis
stils, aramed TiTqmis arc gamoirCeva misgan, Tu mxedvelobaSi ar miviRebT imerizmTa siWarbes
personaJTa metyvelebaSi da dialogis formiT gansazRvrul sxvaobas. `bekina samaniSvili,
rasakvirvelia, Raribi aznauri iyo, gvariani Raribic. aba, ra simdidres moaswavebda is ocdaaTi
uremi simindi, ormoci Cafi Rvino da aTiode baTmani lobio, mis mamuls rom Semohqonda da
riTac Tavs irCenda wlidan-wlamdis bekinas ojaxi~.
aseTi stilis dacvis SemTxvevaSi mwerali aRar upirispirdeba Tavis nawarmoebSi gansaxi-
erebul personaJebs da dacinvis drosac ki ar iRebs xels maTdami guliTad damokidebulebaze.
amasTanave, aseTi stilis SerCeva aTavisuflebs nawers mosalodneli pretenziulobisgan, rad-
gan mwerali imdenad Sesulia Tavisi nawarmoebis personaJTa cxovrebaSi, rom aRar arsebobs
safuZveli `zevidan cqeris~ STabeWdilebis warmoSobisaTvis, e. i. aRkveTilia, _ anda TiTqmis
aRkveTilia, _ moralizebis pirdapiri gamovlinebis SesaZlebloba.
aseTia amgvari stilis mxatvruli funqcia, da esaa daviT kldiaSvilis prozis stilis
erTi zogadi Tviseba, ris gamoc daviT kldiaSvilis mimarT arasodes ar gamoTqmula SeniSvna,
rom igi saxeSecvlilad, Tavisi winaswar gamiznuli Tu calmxrivi TvalsazrisiT asaxavdes
garemo sinamdviles. amitomacaa, rom am mwerlis TxzulebebSi mkiTxvels araferi ar miaCnia
araTu karikaturulad, aramed ase Tu ise mniSvnelovan gadaWarbebadac ki. masSi ver SexvdebiT
gamoTqmasa Tu frazas, romelic am yofis mimarT SeiZleba àmaRlebulad~ mogveCvenos, sagan-
gebo SerCevisa Tu daxvewis kvali emCneodes. mwerali araviTar zomas ar iRebs, raTa mxatvrul
efeqts miaRwios: igi sruliad bunebrivada da dauZabavad metyvelebs da swored amiT aRwevs
did mxatvrul efeqts.
II nawili
isic aRsaniSnavia, rom TviTon daviT kldiaSvils TiTqos araferi ar Seaqvs Txzulebis
mimdinareobaSi. igi mxolod akvirdeba personaJebs da mxolod imas gadmogvcems, rasac es
dakvirveba uSualod iZleva. mTeli nawarmoebis manZilze ar aris arc erTi SemTxveva, rom
mwerali dakvirvebis sferos tovebdes, aRweris farglebidan gadiodes, aRsaweri masalidan
uxvevdes da araTu Tavis zogad msjelobas, aramed masalas sakuTar personaJTagan gansxvave- 473
buli interpretaciiT mainc gvawvdides. igi Tavidan bolomde aRwers da am aRweridan yovel-
gvari komentaris gareSe iSleba viTarebis naTeli suraTi, romelic ukve Tavis TavSive Seicavs
Sefasebas.
avtori TiTqmis ar gamodis msjavrmdeblis rolSi. daviT kldiaSvili imdenad imas rodi
gadmogvcems, Tu rogor STabeWdilebas tovebs masze personaJis saqcieli, ramdenadac TviT
personaJTa urTierTobis farglebSi rCeba da maTi urTierTobis CvenebiT kmayofildeba. amiT
gamoirCeva daviT kldiaSvili, magaliTad, ilia WavWavaZisgan, romelsac sruliad aSkarad ga-
moaqvs Tavisi ganaCeni `kacia _ adamianSi~. amnairi midgoma apirobebs imas, rom daviT kldiaS-
vili gulTbil damokidebulebas amyarebs Tavis personaJebTan: is imdenad Sesulia Tavisi per-
sonaJebis cxovrebaSi, rom misi iumori lirikul xasiaTs iRebs. daviT kldiaSvilis iumoris
lirizmi, upirveles yovlisa, imaSi gamoixateba, rom ama Tu im personaJis moqmedeba aRmaSfo-
Tebeli ki aRar aris, aramed gasagebia da TavisTavad gamodis erTgvari TanagrZnobis pirobad:
maT, am personaJebs, sxvagvarad moqceva ar SeuZliaT, rac mxolod sevdian Rimils gvgvris,
radgan es qceva gaumarTlebelia saboloo Sedegis TvalsazrisiT.
Tu ilia WavWavaZe luarsabisa da darejanis civi da Seubralebeli msajulia, Tu maT mimarT
igi dauzogavad iyenebs sastik ironias, Tavisi personaJebis daxasiaTebisas daviT kldiaSvili
gansakuTrebul lmobierebas iCens. `ra qnas, sxva gza aRar aqvs!~ _ ai, amnairad udgeba mwerali
TiTqmis yvela moqmed pirs da Tbili emociebiT datvirTuli gamoTqmebiT sul imas cdilobs,
rom arc erT maTgans ar moakldes mwerlis mgrZnobiare damokidebuleba.
daviT kldiaSvilis stilis niSani, romelsac kritikosi sagangebod usvams xazs.

mwerlis pozicia, damokidebuleba personaJebisadmi, romelic misi stilis Tavise-
burebaSi povebs gamoxatulebas.
kritikosis azriT, ra aris is, rasac kldiaSvilis stili ukuagdebs, gamoricxavs.
daviT kldiaSvilis, rogorc mwerlis, TavSekavebuloba mis mier Seqmnili mxatvru-
li sinamdvilis mimarT.
daviT kldiaSvilis iumoris lirikuloba.
daviT kldiaSvilis da ilia WavWavaZis SemoqmedebiTi maneris da principebis Sepi-
rispireba.
davaleba
konkretulad da argumentirebulad imsjeleT, riT aris TqvenTvis sarwmuno an

sakamaTo kritikosTa Tvalsazrisebi;
ra aRmoCnda maTSi TqvenTvis yvelaze saintereso da STambeWdavi, yvelaze mniSvne-
lovani.
Jan lakrua
II nawili
ironia da iumori obieqtze subieqtis aRmatebis gamoxatulebas warmoadgens, maSin, roca seri-
ozuloba obieqtis morCilebaa. ironiis da iumoris arsi samyarosTan SeuTanxmeblobaa _ isini
sulis uzenaesobas mowmoben. adamianis mowodebaa, ar dasjerdes Tavis Tavs iseTs, rogoric aris,
eWviani kiTxvebi dasvas sakuTari faseulobis Sesaxeb, es ki ironizebis unars gulisxmobs.
474 Jan lakrua (1900-1986) _ frangi filosofosi

magram ironiisTvis damaxasiaTebeli daSoreba _ samyarosgan, sxva adamianebisgan, sakuTari
Tavisgan _ SeiZleba ampartavnobis gamomJRavnebac iyos. daSoreba Seicavs izolaciis safrTxes,
izolirebuli arseba ki sakuTar Tavs advilad amjobinebs yvela sxvas. ironiis safuZvelia
principi _ arafriT aRfrTovande, xolo imas, visac araferi aRafrTovanebs, ar SeuZlia Tavisi
Tavi raimes miuZRvnas. aucilebelia ironiis Secnoba da daufleba, magram aucilebelia misi
gadalaxvac.
gadalaxuli ironia iumoria. Tu ironiaSi daSoreba qedmaRlobis gamovlinebaa, iumorSi
igi simpaTias, siyvaruls da naRvels erwymis. iumoris siRrmeSi yovelTvis cocxalia sxva ada-
mianebTan erTianobis grZnoba, masSi yovelTvis gamosWvivis ara mxolod `me~, aramed aseve
`Cven~. iumori farulad aris SeTqmuli imasTan, rasac da visac dascinis, is dacinvis samiznis
Tanaziaria, mzadaa misi xvedri TviTonac itvirTos. iumoristi gansasjelis axlobelia. igi
kicxavs codvas, magram mudam axsovs, rom Tavadac codvilia _ codvis samyaro siRrmiseuli
samyaroa, romelSic yvelam SeiZleba igrZnos Tavi damnaSaved, Tumca imedi ar dakargos. iumori
_ ufro marTali, vidre ironia _ Tavidan iridebs qedmaRlobas, ramdenadac Semwynarebelia
adamianis sisustisadmi, ar ucxoobs adamianurobas.
gansazRvreT, riT Tanxvdeba aq mocemuli gansja grigol kiknaZis Tvalsazriss.

ganixileT daviT kldiaSvilis iumori rogorc mwerlis humanizmis gamoxatuleba.
davaleba
`kritikul azrSi~ da `literaturis arsenalSi~ mocemul msjelobaTa moSveliebiT

dawereT ese
`samaniSvilis dedinacvlis~ avtoris mxatvruli TvalTaxedva, stili da mis mier
danaxuli qarTuli sinamdvile.
paralelebi
nikolai gogolis komikuri da naRvliani moTxrobis `Sinelis~ gmiri baSmaCkini `patara

adamiania~, uferuli da uCinari, sawyali wvrili Cinovnikia, romelsac Rirsebis grZnoba Cax-
Suli aqvs. misi cxovreba sulieradac da materialuradac duxWiria, magram igi ucnaurad kma-
yofilia am cxovrebiT. Cinovnikis stabilur yofas Sineli aaforiaqebs _ Zveli Sineli ise
gaucvda, rom rogorRac axliT unda Secvalos. axali Sineli baSmaCkinisTvis iqceva diad oc-
waikiTxoT
nebad, idealad, romlis realizaciisTvis ZalRones ar zogavs, yvelafers iklebs da fuls

girCevT
bejiTad agrovebs. da ai, misi ocneba, ideali xorcs isxams, axali Sinelis SeZena misTvis dRe-
saswaulia, TanamSromlebic zeims uwyoben. magram baSmaCkinis bedniereba xanmokle gamodgeba
_ Sinels ucnobi Tavdamsxmelebi arTmeven, didi Cinovniki ki, romelsac daxmarebas Txovs, misi
gasaWirisadmi ugrZnobeli rCeba; baSmaCkini dardisgan kvdeba, Tumca is moTxrobis fantastikur
finalSi mainc ganagrZobs arsebobas _ misi landi gaborotebul SurismaZieblad evlineba Ci-
nosnebs da Sinelebs arTmevs; amgvarad iZiebs igi Surs Seubralebel did Cinovnikzec.
aq mocemuli informaciis mixedviT imsjeleT `samaniSvilis dedinacvlis~ da gogolis

moTxrobis msgavseba-gansxvavebaze.
II nawili
475
Wabua amirejibi
daTa TuTaSxia
nikifore bubuteiSvili
_ teroristul aqts amzadebda viRacaze Cveni
xalxi, fuli iyo saWiro. sadme sami aTasi maneTi
iSovneo, miTxres. fuli vicodi, sadac iyo, magram
sando kaci mWiroda, amfer saqmeebSi rom gamod-
geboda, iseTi. avedi samurzayanoSi, daTa TuTaSxia
vikiTxe erT kacTan. axali dabrunebuli iyo daTa
maSin. is kaci Cveni kaci iyo iq, samurzayanoSi, da
daTas ambavic icoda. WalebSi aris axla TavSefa-
rebuli mejogeebTano. ase, Svidi-rva wlis gafi-
ralebuli iyo maSin daTa TuTaSxia.
kaci imisTvis mWiroda, rom foTSi mevaxSe iyo
erTi _ kaja bulava. misgan unda momexdina im sami kadri filmidan `daTa TuTaSxia~; daTa _ oTar
aTasi maneTis eqspropriacia, magram, marto kaci meRvineTuxucesi, kaja bulava _ ipolite
WamaSiac codvaao, da esec ar iyos, moxarSuls mic- xviCia; reJisori _ giga lorTqifaniZe
nobda mevaxSe, TviTon ver gavakeTebdi am saqmes. politika iseTi ramea, ubraloze ar unda
Cajde kaci. Sen Tu Cajeqi da katorRaSi borkili aTrokiale, ideisTvis obivatelma ibrZo-
los, Tu? daTas politika da partiebi ar wamda, ar esmoda, politikurad uswavleli da bneli
kaci iyo, magram mefes da Jandarmebs rom yvelaferi jobda, es icoda kargad. Zmadnafici iyo
Cemi daTa TuTaSxia da uars ar metyoda, darwmunebuli viyavi.
mivageni, jojuebSi elarjs Wamda, arays Seeqceoda da iyo ase. movuyevi, risTvisac movnaxe.
ramdenia saWiroo, mkiTxa. sami aTasi-meTqi. amdeni fuli sad unda viSovnoTo, gaukvirda. me-
vaxSis ambavi vuTxari. magas is sjobia fostas daveceTo. fostasTan da mis kazakebTan saqmis
daWera raSi mWirdeboda, mevaxSe ager ar iyo?! daiJina, fostis gaZarcva ajobebso. didi agita-
cia momixda, sanam kargad gavagebine mevaxSis ambavi, _ wurbela, oboba, maxrCobela gveli da
yvelaferi rom erTad aris. gagebiT gaigo, magram mainc _ fostaso! sxva gza ar iyo, Zmoba dava-
fice. mWirdebi da zurgi ar miCveno-meTqi, namusze Sevagde.
Caiqnia xeli, kaio. egeb me ar mesmis da marTla rame eSvelos am gaWirvebul da dabeCavebul
xalxso, miTxra. wamovida.
bunagi kaja bulavas foTis ganapira ubanSi qonda. bunagi iyo, aba ra?! nalia Selesa Signidan
da garedan, SuaSi WinWi Camokida. WinWis iqiT eqvsi Svili da coli yavda, WinWis aqeT _ TviTon
da misi fulebi. fuli Sin rom qonda, amas ar undoda laparaki. iseTma kacma momca is saqme _
tyuili ar iqneboda arafris didebiT, magram sad da romel kuTxeSi iyo damaluli, amis gamoc-
noba eSmaks gauWirdeboda. SeSineba iyo saWiro. SeSindeboda da ityodi, aba ra!
imdenad Zunwi iyo mevaxSe, ZaRlic ar yavda. gadavediT Robeze. mTvare anaTebda. msxlis
ZirSi Rori eba da Rrutunebda TavisTvis. amoviReT mauzerebi, mivepareT kajaia bulavas nalias.
erTaderTi sarkmeli qonda. Ria iyo da iqidan simyrale gamodioda, kinaRam wagvaqcia orive.
mivayureT. bavSvebi WinWis iqiT sxvadasxvanair xmaze fSvinavdnen. TviTon kaja WinWis gadmoRma
iyo. Wraqs miCereboda. neki TiTi cxvirSi qonda da fiqrobda. raze ifiqrebda, wupaki mamaZaRli
II nawili
_ sesxze samjer uZviresi nivTi, albaT, giraod waarTva vinmes da imas Tu natrobda, erT dRes
mainc gadaacilebdes mevale sargeblis motanaso.
wavixvie pirze yabalaxi, gadavyavi sarkmelSi mauzeri, _ adeqi, kari gaaRe-meTqi. kai sanaxavi
iyo, marTali unda Tqvas kacma: ase ganabuli mwyerze wamdgari ZaRli ar minaxavs. TiTi isev
476 nestoSi qonda Sekvetebuli da iyureboda lulaSi. gavaCxakune iaraRi. icocxle, iman wamoxtoma
da karis gaReba ikadra. Sevida daTa, isev jorkoze dasva kajaia bulava. moixada nabadi, miayuda
kuTxeSi, amoiRo meore mauzeri, orive win daido magidaze da miaCerda mevaxSes. sanamde ase
Romis kakaliviT dabneuli da gamoSterebuli iyo kajaia bulava, manamde undoda daWireba,
Torem gons rom movidoda, merme vis vis ras micemda! ar daadga saSveli daTas, ar amoiRo xma;
daiwyo kedlebis Tvaliereba, Weris Tvaliereba da, ra vici me… mivaSvire mevaxSes mauzeri da,
_ amoalage fulebi-meTqi, davusisine! moixeda kaja bulavam, gaicina, _ sad maqvs me ubedurs,
fulebio. fulebi mqondes, naliaSi ra mindao da sxva misTanebi. mivxvdi, gons movida mevaxSe
da awi uaresad unda mivwolodi. amoalage fulebi, Tvara gagistumreb saiqios, Se wurbela-
meTqi, mivayvire, sasroli davumizne da fexs davaweqi. ar momklao, daiCurCula. didi zanduki
idga, axada Tavi imas. daiwyo unagirebis, Coxebis, Caqurebis, xmlebis, qalamnebis, xanjlebis
amolageba _ mTa daayena! Camojda jorkoze, es aris Cemi qonebao, Tqva da gainaba. adeqi, zandukSi
Caixede-meTqi, vaniSne daTas. adga daTa, Caixeda zandukSi, didi davTari amoiRo iqidan, isev
magidas miujda da gadaSala. qveynis TamasuqebiT da sabuTebiT iyo davTari savse. ager momeci-
meTqi. daxura daTam davTari da gamomiwoda.
iyvira mevaxSem:
_ gojaba, cabu, biki, kiku, cucu, domenti!.. waiRes Cveni Tamasuqebi yaCaRebma, vaaa-va, Svi-
lebo! vaaa-va!
gamowodebuli xeli haerSi gauSeSda daTas. marTali Tqvas kacma, mec ar movelodi imxela
yvirils. davibeni, pawa. gadaiwia WinWi, gamosxdnen bavSvebi SaSvis bartyebiviT, akivldnen _
gaZvaltyavebulebi, yviTlebi. iq ambavi datrialda _ gatretili mTvrali sureblebi rom xa-
sanbeguras ityvian _ iseTi!.. dainaxa kaja bulavam, gavfuWdiT kaZaxebi. dawva iatakze, daiwyo
fexebis drigini da `vaaa-vas~ yvirili uaresad, eSmakis fexma. amasobaSi, patara WiSkari hqonda
ezos, imis Wriali gavigone. mivxvdi, kajaias yvayva brundeboda portidan. imxela fulis pat-
roni, cols, eqvsi Svilis dedas, sadRac, kantoraSi iatakebs axexiebda kidev. qalTan, eqsprop-
riaciisas, mterma da oxerma daiWira saqme. misi kivili da gawev-gamoweva aklda iqaurobas?!
gaviqeci WiSkrisken, Rori rom iyo dabmuli, im msxlis ZirSi Seveyare qals, mivaSvire mauzeri.
Cauvarda dedakacs ena. naliaSic miCumda yvelaferi. gamikvirda Zalian _ ra qna da ra uTxra
daTam imisTana im awrialebul xalxs, aqamde ar vici! ra meqna awi am aSari dedakacisTvis? saqneli
droze unda meqna, Tvara, gons movidoda da iseT dRes daawevda, gasaqcevad Segveqneboda saqme.
xilabandebiT qonda Tavi wakruli, movxade. erTi davkuWe da pirSi Cavtene. meoreTi tuCebi
wavukari. axla? Semovixseni qamari, xelebi zurgze gavukoWe da msxlis ZirSi mivagde. Rori
rom iyo dabmuli, avuSvi is Rori _ gamxdari, Zvali da tyavi Rori iyo -_ is jaWvi xelebze
davade qals. daweqi-meTqi! dawva. Rrutuni ar gavigono, Tvara, mag Roris nexvze dagaklav-
meTqi, vuTxari da wamovedi Cemi sarkmlisken. Cumad mivepare sarkmels, bnelSi gavCerdi, vi-
fiqre, bavSvebma ar daminaxon, Tvara, isev krimanWuls dacxeben-meTqi. mivayure. kajaia bulava
da daTa TuTaSxia, wirvis mere qalebi orRobes rom gamouyvebian da Woraoben, ise musaifoben,
swored.
_ ager, marto am TamasuqebSi asi aTasi daviTvale ukve. dampal naliaSi rom gizis Seni sisxli
da xorci…
_ daTa-batono, mec ager ar var, am naliaSi? _ mouWra mevaxSem.
_ magas vambob swored. axla, dajeqi ager da nu iyvireb tyuilad, Seni yvirilis kacs ar
eSinia!
icoda mevaxSem, arkacs rom ar eSinoda, magram daTa ver mixvda: Tavis Sesacodeblad iyo,
rom yviroda.
II nawili
adga mevaxSe, miujda magidas.

daTam xandisxan iseTi laparaki icoda, raSic ginda, imaSi dagarwmunebda. elaparakos, vi-
fiqre, patara xans. egeb gaxdes rames da udavidarabod mogvces fuli mevaxSem.
_ miTxari, axla rom gekiTxebi, _ auxirda daTa. _ am soroSi Tu gamoaxrCob Svilebs, fuli
477
raRad ginda maSin?
moawva nalias, me rom msxlidan Rori avuSvi, is Rori, SemoaRo kari da uRlianad Semovida
Sig. kacs xma ar dauZravs misTvis. datrialda Rrutun-RrutuniT, raRacis Tlafva daiwyo Zi-
ridan.
_ asi aTasi ra fulia, daTa-batono!.. ager, portSi rom sidoropulo-berZenia, gecodine-
baT, albaT… _ kajaias ufrosi gogo Rors gaujavrda. miubrunda gogos mamamisi: _ iyos aq.
naxavs rames, namceci iqneba, SeWams… daTa-batono, sidoropulo-berZeni gecodinebaT, albaT.
im berZens erTi milioni asrulebuli aqvs ukve da meore daiwyo kai xania. fulma fuli unda
moigos.
kajaia bulava kidev raRacas laparakobda, magram daTas misTvis yuri aRar daugdia, fiq-
robda. merme, roca mevaxSe gaCumda, miaSterda TvalebSi da Cailaparaka:
_ dauRupixar fuls, kajaia-ubeduro! _ kidev Cumad iyo daTa, patara xans, da daumata: _
navTi Tu gaqvs?
_ navTi? navTi sad maqvs, daTa-batono, navTi mdidari kacis saqmea…
_ kai. miTxari, aba: rom gaCndes cecxli Sens naliaSi da rom daiwvas yvelaferi _ es unagirebi
da Coxa-Caqurebi, es qamar-xanjlebi, es Tamasuqebis davTari da is fulebic rom daiwvas, sadRac
aq Senaxuli ueWvelad rom gaqvs, _ miTxari, Tu kaci xar, ras izam mere?
kaja-mamaZaRls feri wauvida, dedas vficavar, simindis naquCiviT gafiTrda da kinaRam
gadaiara jorkodan.
_ fu eSmaks! _ Tqva da kai wmindaniviT pirjvari gadaiwera. _ sadRaa jani, daTa-batono, rac
am fulisTvis gavitanje, meored veRar avitan imdens!..
_ Tavidan daiwyeb fulis dagrovebas? _ sicili auvarda daTas.
_ navTi rom mkiTxe… borots nu Caideb gulSi, daTa-batono, Svilebs nu damimSev!
im bavSvebs Tu SimSili aklda da, ra vici me.
_ ar yofila Seni saSveli, sawvaleblad mosulxar am qveyanas. kai, axla, kajaia-ubeduro,
fuli gvWiria. rom wagarTva, mokvdebi da kacis codva ar minda davido. masesxe sami aTasi. da-
gibruneb, Tu kaci var.
mevaxSem, masesxeo, rom gaigona, ise gauxarda, viTom iqiT Cuqnida fuls daTa TuTaSxia.
_ mqondes, daTa-batono, sesxeba ra sakadrisia, ise mogarTmevdiT. TqvenisTana adamianis
sikeTe damekargeboda, Tu?!
_ daTa TuTaSxia, _ gadavelaparake sarkmlidan, _ girao dautove, girao da Tamasuqis micema
ar dagaviwydes, Tu kaci xar!
ver mixvda daTa Cems naTqvams, gaukvirda, dayvlipa Tvalebi, SemoaSterda sarkmels.
_ Se glaxako, magis fasis girao mqonoda, Tavs am soroSi gamogaxrCobinebdi, swored! _
miTxra daTam da kajaias miubrunda isev.
mombezrda es gauTavebeli musaifi da arc daTa Canda iqidan fulis gamomtani. Semovuare
nalias, Sevvardi Sig da davayare kajaia-mevaxSes fexebSi tyvia:
_ amoiRe fulebi, Torem dagacive miwaze, Se wupako mamaZaRlo, Sen!
bavSvebi mamamisis taxtze rwyilebiviT Sextnen da morTes kivili. Rori kars etaka, gaar-
Rvia, magram uRlianad ver gaetia narRvevSi, gaekveta. WerSi qaTmebi akakandnen. daiwyo naliam
zanzari da qanaoba. erTi gafiqreba gavifiqre, axla damemxoba Tavze da damitans-meTqi, magram
sad iyo fiqris dro… vwyvite da vwyvite mevaxSes mauzeris tari ferdebSi da RranWebSi. ikadra
adgilidan daZvra, gadmowia carieli zanduki, raRac axada iataks da Wuris sarecxavad gadayu-
debuli kaci rom minaxavs, ise daikarga wels zeviT.
_ Cqara, Cqara, kajaia-mevaxSe! _ mivayvire da saxalisod wixlic davayole erTi-ori.
II nawili
Sevxede daTas, _ kajaias mkivar bavSvebs miStereboda abdaliviT, kacis feri aRar qonda.
bavSvebi mglis lekvebiviT wamomsxdariyvnen taxtze da kai rom Cveni iaraRi akavebdaT, Tvara
naWer-naWer SegvWamdnen orives.
wavavle wvivSi xeli mevaxSes:
478
_ aeTrie, amoiRe axla, Torem gagxev moxarSuli qaTamiviT!
adga. arc mkvdari iyo, arc cocxali. kai mozrdili qisa ekava. wavglije xelidan.
_ Cemi yvayva yofiliyo aq _ rasac waiRebdiT, davinaxavdi imas! _ amoioxra mevaxSem.
_ Seni yvayva msxlis ZirSi, ager, am Roris magier myavs dabmuli! _ vuTxari me.
_ uh! _ daiZaxa daTam, es rom gaigona. wamoxta, daavlo xeli nabads, eca kars, magram Rori
rom iyo gaWedili, ver gadaiara kari. aqeT eca daTa, iqiT eca _ Rors saSveli ver daawia. maSin
wakra kars wixli, gaamtvria, gavarda Rori da miyva daTa.
_ ramdenia am qisaSi? _ vkiTxe mevaxSes.
_ xuTasi Tumani… Tqven samasi ar TqviT?
gamecina.
nu gaicineb, Tu kaci xar!..
gamovnaskve qisa. Cavide ubeSi da am dros ikivla msxlis ZirSi Cemma dabmulma kajaias yvayvam.
kajaia tiroda. bavSvebma kivili rom gaigones, mTlad gadairivnen.
msxalTan rom mivirbine, kajaia-mevaxSis yvayva kioda _ ca Zirs Camoqonda. daTa Roris
jaWvs eqaCeboda, ver gaexsna. albaT TviTon yvayva ar aclida axsnas da moglejas cdilobda
daTa. mTvaris sinaTleze, Robis gaRma aqa-iq viRac-viRaceebi davinaxe. ar momewona es…
_ wamodi awi! moinaxeba magis amSvebi! _ vuTxari daTas, mara ar daaneba Tavi.
_ vaaa-va! waiRes yaCaRebma Cemi sarCo-sabadebeli! _ yviroda naliasTan kaja bulava. _ dai-
WireT, mokaliT! magi daTa TuTaSxiaa, daTa TuTaSxia! vinc magis Tavs mTavrobas miutans, imaze
xuTi aTasi maneTia, vaaa-va!..
es rom daiZaxa mevaxSem, Robis iqiT TiTo-orola xalxi rom iyo, isinic sadRac miimalnen.
moqaCa daTam jaWvs kidev da kidev, moglija, rogorc iyo.
gaviqeciT gza-gza. vin daganeba Tavi! gamogvekida kajaias yvayva, zurgze Cemi qamriT xe-
lebgakoWili, riyeze Roris jaWvs moaxokialebda da kioda.
mivbrundi, visrole haerSi ori tyvia. dagvaneba Tavi, magram kiviliT uaresad akivlda.
_ daTa TuTaSxia! mag fuli gasesxe me, gasesxe! _ yviroda kaja bulava. _ mTxove da gasesxe!
unda damibruno, Tu sindisi gaqvs! gasesxe!
_ kaia, qe mainc sargebels rom ar gTxovs, _ vTqvi me.
gavediT samSvidobos, SevjeqiT cxenebze da daTa TuTaSxia melaparakeba:
_ giTxari me Sen, fostaze dacema ajobebda!
ara, ise, ar moviqeci sworad, TviTon rom Sevedi naliaSi, magram ar gamodga daTa TuTaSxia
da ra meqna, aba?!
ori wlis merme Cveni xalxi Cavarda sxva saqmeze da gaasamarTles eqvsi kaci. Jandarmeria
meZebda maSin, procesze fexs ra damadgmevinebda, magram sxvebisgan gavige yvelaferi. sasa-
marTloze Turme isic gamoirkva, rom is teroristuli aqti, me da daTam risTvisac wavarTviT
fulebi kajaia bulavas, ar Semdgara. Cemi mitanili fuli partias emigraciaSi myofi xalxisTvis
gaugzavnia da mefis satrapebma sasamarTloze ise daxates saqme, viTom, emigrantebs is fulebi
qalebSi dauxarjavT da kartSi waugiaT. mec momcxes Cirqi, bulavasgan waRebuli xuTasi Tumni-
dan, partias oTxasi Caabara da asi Tumani miiTvisao. anarqistebma samasis Sovna damavales, oTxasi
mivitane da gaqceuli, devnili teroristi kaci as Tumans davitovebdi, aba ra iqneboda! xom
unda meWama, Camecva da damexura rame.
daTa TuTaSxiam is Tu ar icoda, Jandarmeria da policia rom gangeb cxebs politikur moR-
vaweebs Cirqs da tyuilebs ugonebs xalxSi saxelis wasaxdenad, is mainc unda codnoda, arale-
galur cxovrebas rom didi xarji aqvs. Semxvda im procesis mere da racxa cali ybiT momca
salami. vkiTxe, xom araferi miwyeninebia-meTqi? arao, gaCumda jer da rom Cavacivdi, maSin
miTxra: ar yofilan Tqveni kacebi kai kacebi da arc Sen vargebulxaro. ar damijera araferi.
II nawili
ras iqms kaci. politikurad moumzadebeli adamiani iyo. wigni da kiTxva uyvarda, magram
sul iseTs kiTxulobda, tvins rom amaxinjebs da anagvianebs. brZolas Tavisi danakargebi aqvs,
_ davkargeT daTa TuTaSxia. arc erT partias aRar gakarebia mere, TavisTvis iyo martod bo-
lomde.
479
1975
ganixileT bubuteiSvilis mier gamoyenebuli revoluciuri leqsika da frazeo-

logia.
imsjeleT bubuteiSvilis metyvelebaSi gazavebuli dialeqtizmebis funqciaze.
daaxasiaTeT am personaJis qcevis manera da Sinagani buneba, romelic qceviT mJRav-
ndeba.
gaaanalizeT kaja bulavas fsiqologia, saSualebebi, romlebiTac igi gamoikveTeba.
Tqveni azriT, rogoria daTa TuTaSxias TvaliT danaxuli kaja bulava; rogoria am
adamianis Semxvedvare TuTaSxias gancdebi da fiqrebi, romlebic mis qcevaSi da gamo-
naTqvamebSi irekleba.
Tqveni xedviT, rogori warmoudgeba TuTaSxia kaja bulavas.
rogori Cans TuTaSxia bubuteiSvilis TvaliT.
rogori gesaxebaT TuTaSxias TvalTaxedviT aRqmuli bubuteiSvili.
SeadareT erTmaneTs ori revolucioneris saxe _ bubuteiSvili da qiaCelis perso-
naJi kuzma kilga; ra msgavseba-gansxvavebas amCnevT maT Soris.
rogori warmogidgeniaT bubuteiSvili, romelic xelisuflebas moipovebs.
imsjeleT epizodis komikur aspeqtebze.
daaxasiaTeT epizodSi asaxuli XX saukunis dasawyisis saqarTvelos socialur-po-
litikuri da zneobrivi atmosfero.
kritikuli azri
revaz TvaraZe
mravali aTeuli adamianis Tavgadasavalia gadmocemuli romanSi. gadmocemulia uaRresad

mimzidvelad, damaintereseblad (Tavad ambavia cxovrebiseuli da saintereso), amasTan, Rrma
fsiqologiuri wvdomiT da ukiduresad Zunwi StrixebiT. isic niSandoblivia, rom personaJTa
didi umravlesoba mxolod TiTojer warmodgeba Cvens winaSe. magram is TiTojer movlenili
personaJebic ki imdenad cocxlad, koloritulad arian daxatulni, im zomamde organulia
maTi kavSiri daTa TuTaSxias an muSni zarandias Tavgadasavlis Tu sulieri Zvrebis gadmomcem
ambebTan, rom TiTqmis arc erTi maTgani ar gvaviwydeba. umTavres personaJebTan erTad isinic
SemoiWrebian Cvens fsiqikaSi da didi xniT mkvidrdebian iq.
amas is ambavic uwyobs xels, rom personaJTa am kaleidoskopSi TiTqmis arc erTi ar aris
darCenili ise, sakuTari xasiaTi, sakuTari sibrZne da cxovrebis wesi rom ar hqondes. yoveli
mTxrobeli, yoveli personaJi, Tavisi eniT metyvelebs da Tavis sibrZnes misdevs. avtori zed-
miwevniT flobs qarTul enas da yovel mTxrobels Tu personaJs TavTavis kilos umarjvebs,
TavTavisi eniT ametyvelebs, naubars ganumeorebel kolorits aniWebs.
Zalmomreobis, usamarTlobis, mzakvrobis, momxveWelobis winaaRmdeg amxedrebuli da meb-

rZoli abragi wignis pirveli karis dasasruls sabolood im daskvnamde midis, rom àravin
araa Rirsi~ mis ubedurebaSi Carevis da daxmarebisa. ufro konkretulad: `me rom adamians da
mis znes vxedav, yvela kaci ise cxovrobs da ise iqceva, rogorc TviTon moswons, da sxva kaci
mis saqmeSi ar unda Caerios, ar unda SeuSalos xeli... fici damidvia, aRar Caverevi aRaravis
II nawili
saqmeSi~.
Tavis mxriv, cxovrebis mdinarebac TiTqos imisTvis aris aRZruli, rom es Sexeduleba
ganumtkicos daTa uTaSxias. budarebis ojaxis saqmeebSi Carevas sikeTe ar moutania _ col-
qmarma daTas SemweobiT qoneba ki SeiZina, magram, jer erTi, adamianuri Rirsebebi dakarga,
gulxarb, usulgulo, Zunw wyvilad iqca, da, meorec, mTeli sofeli mtrad gadaekida; yubanis
480
stanicaSi xalxis myvlefelTa da TaRliTTa winaaRmdeg mimarTul aqciebsac ar mohyolia xeiri;
mevaxSe kaja bulavasTvis warTmeuli fuliT, kacma ar icis, xeli vin moiTbo, gaWirvebul xalxs
araferi moxmarebia; sairmeSi seTuris monebis amxedrebis, maTTvis adamianuri Rirsebis dab-
runebis cdas is Sedegi mohyva, rom daTa TuTaSxia da misi megobari mose zamTaraZe cemiT
miasikvdila regvenTa brbom.
romanis avtoris CanafiqriT, daTa TuTaSxia garkveul ideaTa da problemaTa matarebeli
personaJicaa, momnusxveli cxovrebiseuli gmiric da, amasTan, `suli krebiTi; arsi, myofi
kacTa wiaRsa Sina~. da am `krebiTi sulis~ gansxeulebas Tu warmovidgendiT, daTa TuTaSxias
umjobesi modelis Seqmna albaT Zneli iqneboda.
ra iyo saWiro saimisod, raTa es srulqmnilebis ideals miaxloebuli gmiri an sqemad ar
qceuliyo, an kidev lamanCeli raindis Tu Tavad miSkinis bedi ar gaeziarebina?
sqematurobis wamali cxovrebiseulobaa. cxovrebiseuloba im zomamde, rom gmiri zogjer
komikur Tu saCoTiro situaciebSic eqceva (gaavebuli bavSvebis alyaSi momwyvdeuli daTa Tu-
TaSxia da mose zamTaraZe sairmeSi, maTi ketebiT cema iqve, kaja bulavas qoxis scena...). aq didi
sifrTxile, alRo, taqti da zomierebis grZnoba iyo saWiro, raTa avtori meore ukiduresobaSi
ar moqceuliyo da Saravandedisagan ar ganeZarcva daTa TuTaSxia.
daTa TuTaSxias cxovrebiseuli kredo pirvelqnili simartivisaa: àrasdros araferi ar

mdomia adamianisgan, keTili da samarTliani rom iyos, amis meti~. verc avtors romanisas da
verc mis keTilSobil abrags veravin daswamebs, rom ZirisZiramde ar hqondeT gaTvaliswine-
buli, Tu ra sazareli sirTule da siRrme axlavs am simartives; kacTa modgmas erTaderTi
gamosavali aqvs _ mikvleva msgavsadve martivi, TavisTavad cxadi WeSmaritebisa, romelic gaC-
xrekisas agreTve sazareli sirTulisa da siRrmis Semcveli iqneba. xolo amgvar WeSmaritebas
_ RvTaebrivad martivs, TavisTavad cxads, naTels da, amasTan erTad, uRrmesi da urTulesi
azris Semcvels _ mxolod da mxolod daucadebeli qmedebiT SeiZleba miswvdes Zexorcieli.
amitomac dasWirda romanis avtors uvrcesi cxovrebiseuli asparezi gadaeSala Tavisi gmiris
winaSe _ uamrav situaciasa da auracxel xalxTan Sejaxebis Sedegad gamoekveTa misi ideali.
xolo amgvar asparezze daucxromel kveTebas TuTaSxiasnairi monoliTuri pirovneba Tu ga-
uZlebda _ cxadi miznis, utexi nebelobis, yovelmxriv harmoniuli adamiani. amitomac aris
Zunwi StrixebiT moxazuli daTa TuTaSxia _ mis umTavres daxasiaTebas misive qmedeba iZleva
da ara esa Tu is remarka.
wlobiT Tu ara, TveobiT xom cxovrobda daTa TuTaSxia Tavis safarSi ganmartoebuli,
qveynierebas TiTqmis absoluturad mowyvetili da beriviT dayudebuli. magram romanis av-
tors savsebiT ugulebelyofili aqvs misi cxovrebis es periodebi. romanSi daTa TuTaSxia
mxolod moqmedi warmodgeba xolme Cvens winaSe, cxovrebis oromtrialSi CarTuli. swored
mis am cxovrebas SeiZleba vuwodoT WeSmariti asketizmi. cxovrebiseul moTxovnilebebs es
kaci mxolod im zomamde ikmayofilebs, arsebobis SenarCuneba rom SeZlos, abragobiT naSovni
qoneba mas gasacemad esaWiroeba da ara TavisTvis dasanarCuneblad; cxovrebis am oromtrialsa
da qaosSic misi goneba, misi azri erTaderT safiqrals misciebia ganuSoreblad, im erTaderTi
WeSmaritebis sawvdomad iRvwis, masze aris daunjebuli.
(`bedi saRmrTo raindisa~)
personaJTa saxeebis Seqmnis mwerliseuli principis daxasiaTeba.

TuTaSxias mier gakeTebuli daskvna, mis mis mier miRebuli gadawyvetileba da am
II nawili
daskvnis, gadawyvetilebis ganmapirobebeli movlenebi.

sqematurobis safrTxe, romelsac TuTaSxiasnairi gmiris xatvisas SeiZleboda eCina
Tavi da misi daZlevis gza.
Tavadi miSkini _ fiodor dostoevskis romanis ìdiotis~ mTavari gmiri

481
TuTaSxias kredo; Tqveni azriT, raSi xedavs kritikosi am TiTqosda martivi kredos
sirTules.
ra iwvevs imas, rom TuTaSxias saxis Seqmnis mTavari xerxi misi qmedebebis Cvenebaa;
rom am personaJs mraval situaciaSi, mraval adamianTan urTierTobaSi vxedavT.
ra amsgavsebs, kritikosis azriT, TuTaSxias WeSmarit askets.
davaleba
kritikosis mosazrebis Sesatyvisad daaxasiaTeT mTxrobeli _ revolucioneri bu-

buteiSvili, misi metyvelebis da azrovnebis Taviseburi stili, individualuri da so-
cialuri ieri.
daukavSireT kritikosis mosazrebebi TuTaSxias saxisTvis realisturobis mini-
Webis xerxebis Taobaze romanis mocemul epizods.
Tqveni azriT, rogor gamoixateba am epizodSi is, rasac kritikosi TuTaSxias mTavar
problemad, safiqralad miiCnevs.
rogor Seamzadebs es epizodi TuTaSxias im gadawyvetilebas, romelzec kritikosi
laparakobs.
komentari
saqarTvelo ruseTis imperiis erT-erTi is nawili iyo, sadac revoluciur moZraobas me-
20 saukunis dasawyisSi gansakuTrebiT mZafri xasiaTi hqonda. revoluciuri saqmianoba, rome-
lic romantikul-heroikul elementsac moicavs, mimzidveli aRmoCnda tradiciulad adamia-
nis raindul idealze orientirebuli qarTuli cnobierebisTvis. vaWrul-burJuaziuli cxov-
rebis wesisadmi, kapitalizmisadmi antipaTiurad ganwyobili am cnobierebisTvis axlobeli
gamodga socialisturi mimarTulebis partiebis antiburJuaziuli, antikapitalisturi po-
zicia. amis Sedegad qarTvelma xalxma Tavisi damoukidebeli saxelmwifos bedi erT-erT aseT
partias (menSevikurs) ando; mTeli imperiis masStabiT soliduri iyo qarTvelebis wvlili
socialisturi wyobis damkvidrebaSi da funqcionirebaSi. es Zvirad daujda Cvens qveyanas...
antikapitalistur ganwyobilebebs hqonda garkveuli obieqturi safuZveli. literatura
_ upiratesad XIX saukunis literatura _ aaSkaravebs, rom kapitalizmma, gansakuTrebiT misma
primitiulma formebma SeiZleba adamianis arsebis arahumanuri sawyisebis gaZlierebas Seuwyos
waikiTxoT
xeli. magaliTad, frangi mwerlis balzakis (1799-1850) moTxrobaSi `gobseki~ daxatulia Zalian
girCevT
mdidari mevaxSe, romelsac mdidruli cxovreba ar izidavs da asketis TavdauzogaobiT emsa-

xureba fulis fetiSs, òqros kerps~; misi wyalobiT adamianebze batonobs da amiT tkbeba. mas
Semdeg kapitalizmi gacilebiT naklebad `demonuri~ gaxda, Tumca igi humanizacias mudmivad
saWiroebs.
imsjeleT revolucioneris antiburJuaziuli ganwyobis gamoxatulebaze romanis frag-

mentSi; ramdenad gulwrfeli da Zlieria es ganwyoba da ramdenad imsaxurebs mas bulava.
rogoria burJuaziuli mentalobis, cxovrebis wesis TqvenTvis miuRebeli da misaRebi
gamovlinebebi.
II nawili
482
citata
nikolai berdiaevi
`pirovneba aris is, rac rCeba, roca adamians araferi aRar gaaCnia. pirovneba ar SeiZleba
damokidebuli iyos sakuTrebaze, kapitalze, piriqiT, sakuTreba unda iyos damokidebuli pi-
rovnebaze, pirovnuli sakuTreba unda iyos. sakuTreba yovelTvis funqcionaluria, adamiani-
seulia, adamianisTvis arsebobs. sakuTreba ar aris sakraluri, sakraluri adamiania. sakuTreba
orgvar rols TamaSobs: piradi sakuTreba Tavisuflebis da damoukideblobis garantia SeiZ-
leba iyos, magram manve SeiZleba adamiani monad aqcios, materialuri samyaros, obieqtebis
monad~.
erix fromi
`Tu floba Cemi TviTcnobierebis safuZvels Seadgens _ `me var is, rac maqvs~, maSin flobis
survili ufro da ufro unda Zlierdebodes. sxva sityvebiT, flobaze orientirebis bunebrivi
Sedegi sixarbea. es SeiZleba kriJangis da mevaxSis, anda xorcieli tkbobis moyvarulis sixarbe
iyos. magram rac ar unda iwvevdes am grZnobas, xarbs yovelTvis raRac aklia, verasdros ver
grZnobs Tavs bolomde dakmayofilebulad. fiziologiuri moTxovnilebebisgan, magaliTad,
SimSilisgan gansxvavebiT, sulier sixarbes (xolo sixarbis yvela nairsaxeoba swored sulie-
ria, Tundac mTlianad fiziologiurad kmayofildebodes) ara aqvs sazRvari, radgan aseTi
sixarbis droebiTi dacxroba ver Svelis Sinagan sicarieles, mowyenilobas, martoobas da dep-
resias...
Tuki yvelaferi, rac gvaqvs, ama Tu im saSualebiT SeiZleba wagverTvas, maSin aucilebelia
rac SeiZleba meti gvqondes, raTa Cveni arseboba amgvari safrTxisgan `davicvaT~.
citatebSi gadmocemuli mosazrebebi daukavSireT bulavas saxes.

Tqven ras fiqrobT imaze, razec citatebSia saubari.
II nawili
nikolai berdiaevi (1874-1948) _ rusi filosofosi

erix fromi (1900-1980) _ amerikeli fsiqologi, sociologi
483
mixeil javaxiSvili
jayos xiznebi
nawili pirveli
I
_ gam...mmarjveba, jayo!
_ naTlia kniazs gaxlavar!
_ kaco, sada xar, sad da...ddai-
karge?
da naTavadari Teimuraz xevis-
Tavi RimiliT da xelgaSliT gadae-
Roba Tavis naxiznarsa da namoura-
vals _ jayo jivaSvils,romelmac
Zveladve naCvevi xeliT osuri qu-
di mardad moiSvlipa, ucnaurad da-
iWixvina da Tavisi nabatonevis ori-
ve xeli, _ damdnari, dondlo da uZ-
vlo xelebi bumbulze gazrdil da
wignebiT SeWmul Teimuraz xevisTa-
visa umalve Tavis daTvur TaTSi Ca- scena satelevizio speqtaklidan `jayos xiznebi~; jayo _ avTo
imala da CaibRuWa. maxaraZe, Teimurazi _ nodar mgalobliSvili; reJisori _ Temur
salamis Semdgom becma Teimu- CxeiZe.
razma odnav ukan daixia. marcxena xeliT saTvaleebi Seiswora, marjvena xelis saloki TiTi
maRla aswia, goliaT oss qvevidan ahxeda da gaikvirva:
_ sak... kkkvirvelia!.. saoc... ccaria! rogor gadidebulxar, jayo, rogor gasuqebulxar!
jayom calis xeliT doinji Semoiyara, cxenis kbilebi gaaelva da daiWixvina:
_ maS, maSa! agre vicis jayoma!
misi naWixvinevi mTelma quCam gaigo. mavalebma moixedes, im or adamians ahxed-dahxedes da
gaiRimes.
***
jayo jivaSvili qalaqSi Semovardnil daTvs hgavda. dedaboZiviT sqeli da gaCaCxuli fexebi
Zlivs imagrebdnen uSnod da ise ganivrad dadgmul TeZoebsa da mxar-beWs, rom viwro trotuari
marto jayos Zlivs itevda.
ramdenime naWrilobeviT daserili Tavi da pirsaxe iseTi Savis, xSirisa da aburZvnilis
jagriT hqonda Semosili, TiTqo jayos beWebze kuprSi amovlebuli uzarmazari zRarbi aco-
cebuliyoo.
Savi jagris buCqnari Tvalebamde swvdeboda da im jagnaridan mxolod xaris Tvalebs, win-
wamoyril cxenis kbilebsa da aWyletil cxvirs amoeyoT Tavi.
erTi mtkavelis sigrZe ulvaSebi gadmobrunebul jamebiviT gamoyril loyebze gacveTil
cocxebiviT eyarnen, xolo im jamebs dinjad da medidurad lambaqebis yurebi dascqerodnen.
Subli dabali da Cazneqili hqonda; cxviri _ mokle da aWyletili; Tvalebi _ msxvili kaklis
II nawili
odena da amoyrili, Tanac cocxali da cuRluti, moelvare da mousvenari; Tvalebs zed daswo-
loda daburvili, xSiri da grZeli warbebis lari, romelic maRalsa da win-wamovardnil kvi-
nixze Suaze gadatexiliyo.
TavT exura yavisferi osuri nabdis qudi, tanT ecva osuri Salis gapoxili Coxa, xolo
484 fexebze _ xalvaTi paiWebi, TaTruli Wreli windebi da axlad nayidi dabaxanuri Custebi.
erTi adlis sigrZe da vercxliT SeWedili Teimurazis papiseuli xanjali tlanqsa da beW-
ganier goliaTs xalvaT siarulisTvis TeZoze Camoekidna.
jayos erT xelSi rkiniT naWedi majis sisqe kombali eWira, xolo meore iRliaSi Wedila _
cxvari amoeCarna, romelic ise advilad mihqonda, TiTqos is cxvari variaze mZime ar yofiliyoo.
beWebze rusuli Tofi hqonda gadagdebuli, gulmkerdsa da welze sami savazne hqonda Semor-
tymuli, xolo TeZoze grZeli mauzeri ekida.
nabatonevi Teimuraz xevisTavi Tavis namouravals iRliamde Zlivs swvdeboda. Teimurazi
umzeo yvaviliviT nazi da lamazi iyo, natifad asxmuli da naqandakevi, magram gamxdari da
gaZvalebuli, mxrebayrili da mkerdCavardnili, beci da meloti, gafufqul qaTmis minamgvari,
mwignobrobiT daRlili, daSretili, gamowuruli da damdnari nakacari, romelsac momavlad
Tvalwin mxolod Savi nisli hqonda afarebuli, xolo yvelaferi, rac ki odesme gaaCnda, war-
sulSi hqonda darCenili: tkbili mogonebani, saerTo pativi, megobarTa siyvaruli, mudmivi
molodini ucnaur momavlisa da maradiuli devna bundovan landebisa.
Teimuraz xevisTavi lbilisa da Cumis xmiT, taatiT da borZikiT laparakobda:
_ sak...kvirvelia! _ erTxel kidev waiCurCula Teimurazma da orive xeliT jayos morgvis
mklavs Camoekida: _ rogor gamocvlilxar! wamo, jayo, wamodi CemTan. aqve v...vdgevar. margosac
Zalian gauxardeba Seni naxva. xom wamoxval, jayo?
_ wamoxval, Seni wiri me, ratom ar wamoxval!
_ marTalia, winandeburad veRar dagixvdebi. magram, xom ici, yveli da purio, keTili gulio.
_ wamoxval, Seni wirime, exlave wamoxval! _ kvlav royio xmiT axvixvinda jayo. _ Cemi kniazi
ise ar gaRaribdeba, rom jayos ver davuxvdebode.
Teimurazma xma ufro daimdabla:
_ ojaxi dadna, j...jjayojan, dadna! cxovrebam yvelani dagvadno.
_ naTlia margo rogora xar?
_ kargad ver aris. isic dneba da ileva. ai, Sen TviTonve naxav. naTlia margosac esiamovneba
Seni naxva. barem x...xxuTi weliwadic iqneba, rac margos ar unaxavs Seni Tavi. iqneba verc ki
gicnos, radgan metis-metad ga...mmocvlilxar. _ merme miixed-moixeda da xmas CurCulamde da-
uwia:
_ marTla, jayo, kniazs nuRar m...mmeZaxi, Torem... xom ici... vin icis, ras ityvian.
RviniT SebruJebuli jayo Sesdga da uaresad ayvirda:
_ fexebze gkidia jayos yvelani! rac ginda, is ityodes! Sen jayos naTlia kniazi xar, margoc
naTlia kneina xar. danarCeni jayosa fexebze gkidia! aravisic ar geSinia jayosa, maS, maSa!
Teimurazi dafeTda. miixed-moixeda da aCifCifda:
_ jayo, nu gagiJdi! xma aRar amoiRo, gaCumdi, Torem...
_ raT unda gaCumde?! aki giTxari, jayos ar geSinian meTqi!
da umizezod erTxel kidev ise ayroyinda, rom mavalebma gacrecil nabatonevsa da imis
ucnaur namojamagirevs kvlav RimiliT ahxedes da Tvali gaayoles.
karga xans idga galajuli jayo viwro trotuarze. gzas aRaravis ar aZlevda, aravis ar
erideboda, ketis sisqe kombals anjRrevda, xarxarebda, raxraxebda da iqadnida:
_ fexebze gkidia meTqi yvelani jayosa! modi, visac gindebodes! Tund kombaliT gaxvideT,
Tund xanjliTa, Tundac muStiTa, maS, maSa!
Teimurazma Zlivs dasZra gaTamamebuli namouravali. oriveni kvlav midiodnen da igoneb-
dnen warsul droebas: erTad Sezrdas, yrmobas, soflur gasarTobs, Tevzaobas, frinvelze
nadirobas, udardel warsulsa da bedis cvalebadobas.
Teimurazi xSirad aCerebda Tavis namojamagirevs. erTxel kidev ahxedavda, saTvaleebs
II nawili
Seisworebda, TiTs maRla aswevda da isev gaocdeboda:

_ s...ssaocaria sak...kkvirvelia!
jayoc cali xeliT doinjs Semoiyrida, Rojis kbilebs gaaelvebda da umizezod daixvix-
vinebda:
485
_ maS, maSa! agre vicis jayoma!
zogjer jayos TiTqo daaviwydeboda Teimurazis taati da ToxarikiT mosxlteboda. aqaqa-
nebuli Teimurazi jayos Zlivs misdevda, Tan bavSviviT mklavze ekideboda da moagonebda:
_ nela, jayo! nu sCqarob, Torem daviRale.
miuxv-mouxvies da erT Zvel Senobas miadgnen.
ganieri jayo patara saxlis patara karebSi Zlivs Seetia da viwro karebic kinaRam Tan Sei-
tana da Seangria.
Teimurazma Tavis cols margos qoSiniT hkiTxa:
_ margo, ic...ccani es kaci?
margo Savsa da nuSis Tvalebs hJutavda, xan moRimare jayos Sescqeroda, xan Teimurazs
iSvelebda da ise butbutebda, TiTqo qurdobaSi waaswreso:
_ magondeba... vicnob... magram...
_ jayoa, margo, Cveni jayo, Cveni naTli-mama, aRar gaxsovs?
_ RmerTo Cemo! gamarjveba, jayo!
gabadrulma jayom xafi xmiT wamoayrantala:
_ kneina naTlias gaxlavar!
da nakneinar margos gacomebuli xeli kinaRam mostexa. margom naTlideda da naTlulebi
moikiTxa da naTlimamas usayvedura:
_ sada xar jayo? ras akeTeb? sul dagviviwye, aRara sCanxar._
_ muSaob, Seni wiri me, muSaob, maS! bevri saqme gaqvs jayosa, Zalian bevri. sofels patronoba
ginda. sami dRea qalaqSi dadixar. jayoi mTavrobasTan iyavi, maSa! ver moicale, Seni wiri me,
TqvenTvis ver moicale jayoma.
_ mTavrobasTan ra gindoda, jayo?
_ exla soflis `poverenia` xar jayoi, maSa! sofels skolac ginda, CiTic, navTic da mari-
lica. Raribi sofelia naSindari, amitom jayom sTxove mTavrobas, roma nalogi ar waiRo, Torem
sofels mosavali ar gqonda. wreuls naSindars setyvac mogivida, didi wvimac da golvac. sul
gagifuwda mosavali, sul!
_ metis-metad gamocvlilxar, jayo, gasuqebulxar. _ gauRima margom.
_ maS, maSa! Zalian gaizarde jayoi, Seni wiri me, Zalian gaizarde.
_ albaT keTili cxovreba geqneba, jayo, imitom gasuqebulxar.
_ ratom ar geqneba jayosa keTili cxovreba, Seni wiri me, jayo axla kargaTa xar, Zalian
kargaTa xar. imitom gasuqdi jayoi. exla jayos bevri gaqvs puric, xorcic, dumac, karaqic,
rZec da mawonica. jayoc mTeli dRe swam da swam, swam da swam! suqdebi da suqdebi, suqdebi da
suqdebi, maSa!
margo sufris gaSlas Seudga. jayom naTlidedas Tvali miabjina da imis tanis misaxvevebSi
gaSterda.
_ dab... bbrZandi, jayo, dabrZandi da gviambe Seni ambavi, _ miipatiJa Teimurazma.
_ dabrZandebi, Seni wiri me, exlave dabrZandebi.
Wedila kuTxeSi miagdo, kombalic iqve miayuda, morgvis mklavebi daimklava, dinjad Ca-
mojda da skams WaWa-WuWi daawyebina. Camojda da Tvali miavlo bindians, teniansa da obian
oTaxs, romelic Tavis mdgmurebiviT sevdianad, quSianad da naRvlianad gamoiyureboda.
merme jayom Teimurazs gadahxeda da mokled mouWra:
_ Zalian gaRaribdi, Seni wiri me.
margo moiRrubla. piri miibruna da creml-moreuli Tvalebi sarkmels gauStera.
Teimurazi sircxviliT ailewa. Tavi CahRuna da didxans sdumda. Semdeg gamotyda da dana-
Sauli aRiara:
II nawili
_ ho, jayo, gavRaribdiT... Zalian gavRaribdiT...

1925
486 moiZieT romanis mTliani teqsti da gaecaniT mas.

ganixileT Teimurazis da jayos portretebi _ rogor mJRavndeba maTSi am persona-

Jebis kontrastuli buneba.
daaxasiaTeT Teimurazis urTierToba jayosTan rogorc Tavis mouravTan.
rogoria Teimurazis sazogadoebrivi statusi, misi inteleqtualuri interesebi,
damokidebuleba sakuTari profesiisadmi.
imsjeleT, ra Seadgens Teimurazis da margos qorwinebis safuZvels; gaaanalizeT
maTi Semdgomi urTierTobis xasiaTi.
imsjeleT Temaze _ Teimurazi da revolucia (Tebervlis); Teimurazi da `vardisfe-
ri~, Semdgom `wiTeli~ saqarTvelo.
rogor warmoCndeba cxovrebis axali pirobebi da maTi gavlena Teimurazis da mar-
gos urTierTobaze.
rogor ixateba jayo radikaluri politikuri cvlilebebis fonze; imsjeleT Tema-
ze: jayo _ soflis mbrZanebeli.
gaaanalizeT margos gardasaxva _ misi fsiqologiuri cvlilebebi, Secvlili damo-
kidebuleba jayosadmi da Teimurazisadmi.
detalurad ganixileT Teimurazis saubrebi ivanesTan; rogor vlindeba aq Teimu-
razis ganwyoba, Rirebulebebi, msoflxedva; misi Sexedulebebi saqarTveloze da qarT-
vel xalxze; rogoria am SexedulebaTa Tqveneuli Sefaseba; rogor ikveTeba ivanes Tval-
Taxedva, am personaJis raoba.
rogor mJRavndeba Teimurazis msoflxedva da Rirebulebebi jayosTan da glexebTan
saubrebSi, urTierTobaSi.
imsjeleT jayos `feriscvalebaze~; rogor vlindeba jayos buneba TeimurazTan,
margosTan, Tavis SinaurebTan da sofelTan urTierTobis fonze.
imsjeleT, rogor uyurebs cxovrebas jayo; ras afasebs da ar afasebs igi, risi sjera
da ar sjera.
gaaanalizeT Teimurazis Tvalis axela da sulieri krizisis gamwvaveba; damokide-
buleba qristianobisadmi, `gaqristianeba~.
rogor gansjis Tvalaxelili Teimurazi Tavis Tavs da margos; rogor da ratom
icvleba misi Sefasebebi.
ganixileT Teimurazis da jayos Ria konfliqti _ rogor warmoCndeba aq am perso-
naJTa buneba.
gaaanalizeT Teimurazis da margos urTierToba, urTierTaRqma am konfliqtis Sem-
deg.
rogor xedavs da ganicdis Teimurazi jayos da margos qorwils; Tqveni azriT, ra
zogadi mniSvnelobis mqone tragikuli suraTia aq simbolurad gamoxatuli.
daaxasiaTeT Teimurazis Semdgomi `metamorfoza~.
rogor fiqrobT, ramdenad SeiZleba aRviqvaT sikeTis da samarTlianobis zeimad
jayos marcxi; imsjeleT ninikaze da mis Tanagundelebze _ ra aris maTTvis damaxasiaTe-
beli, rogori adamianebi Canan, rogor aRweven gamarjvebas; arsebiTad gansxvavdebian
Tu ara isini jayosgan; pasuxi daasabuTeT.
imsjeleT margos saboloo xvedrze, sulier da moralur mdgomareobaze da mis mi-
zezebze.
II nawili
rogor ikveTeba Teimurazis saxe nawarmoebis bolos; Tqven rogor ganwyobas aR-
giZravT aq es personaJi.
imsjeleT, rogor gardatydeba Teimurazis saxeSi qarTuli aristokratiis da aris-
tokratul-rainduli faseulobebis bedi.
imsjeleT avtoris damokidebulebaze nawarmoebis personaJebisadmi da am damoki-
487
debulebis gamoxatvis saSualebebze.
gaaanalizeT Teimurazis da jayos enobrivi portretebi.
ganixileT romanis tropuli saxeebi, romlebsac gansakuTrebiT STambeWdavad mi-
iCnevT.
rogor vlindeba groteskuloba _ komikuris da saSinelis mTlianoba jayos saxeSi.
imsjeleT Teimurazis saxis tragikomikurobaze.
daaxasiaTeT `jayos xiznebi~ rogorc satiruli nawarmoebi.
imsjeleT romanis simbolur xasiaTze _ rogor warmoCndeba aq saqarTvelos bedi
bolSevikuri reJimis pirobebSi.
SeadareT erTmaneTs jayo da kvaWi.
ra aqvT saerTo jayos da yaSa lazares.
imsjeleT Temaze _ bedi mdevari `jayos xiznebSi~ da `lambalosa da yaSaSi~.
imsjeleT `jayos xiznebis~ aqtualobaze.
kritikuli azri
akaki baqraZe
mouxmareli anu tragikuli Tavisufleba

mixeil javaxiSvilis `jayos xiznebi~ groteskuli da alegoriuli romania. misi azrobrivi
Sinaarsis srulad amocnobisaTvis aucilebelia samive protagonistis _ Teimuraz xevisTavis,
jayo jivaSvilisa da margo yaflaniSvilis _ dawvrilebiT gaanalizeba.
roca `jayos xiznebs~ kiTxulobT, SeuZlebelia TvalSi ar geceT erTi garemoeba: revo-
lucias, rogorc Tavisuflebas, erTnairi aRtacebiT Sexvdnen nabatonarica da namojamagi-
ralic.
`Teimurazi sixaruliT cas ewia: sicocxlis natvra Seusrulda. samoTxis karebi gaeRo.
dRedaRame qudmoglejili darboda, wiTel bairaRs iqnevda da CaxleCili xmiT hkioda:
_ Tavisuflebas g... ggaumarjos!.. vaSa!.. revolucias gaumarjos! Z... Zirs mefe da Zaladoba!~
jayoc gulze xels ibagunebda da hyviroda:
`_ es RmerTi da wminda jivargi Segewios revalciasa, romelica roma sawyal xalxs miscemde
miwa, saxli da keTili cxovreba. RmerTi, wminda jivargi da arbos xati gwyalobde Cuensa mTav-
robasa, romelica roma yaraulia revalciisa da CvenisTana sawyali xalxisa~.
magram male gamoirkva, rom Teimuraz xevisTavisaTvis Tavisufleba mouxmareli uflebaa,
xolo jayo jivaSvilisTvis _ Zaladobis nebarTva.
marTalia, Teimurazi bevrs laparakobda Tavisuflebaze, magram misTvis gaurkveveli da
ucnobi iyo, Tavad visgan an risgan unda exsna Tavi.
Tavisufleba TavisTavisTvis Teimuraz xevisTavs ar sWirdeba. igi ZirZveli aristokratiis
Svili iyo, privilegirebuli klasis pirmSo da sxvaTa mCagvreli. Teimurazis `winaparni rkinas
sWamdnen, daTvebs xanjliT hxocavdnen da yinulze iZinebdnen... suliTac da xorciTac fola-
disgan iyvnen Camosxmuli...~ mamulic vrceli hqondaT da yma-mosamsaxurec uTvalavi hyavdaT.
xevisTavebi cxovrebis sufras yovelTvis TavSi usxdnen da yvelaferi ukeTesi maTi wilxvdo-
mili iyo.
klasobrivad Teimuraz xevisTavs sruli Tavisufleba hqonda mopovebuli.
iqneba Teimurazs klasobrivi Tavisufleba ar akmayofilebda da sulis Tavisuflebis sa-
xeliT masze uars ambobda? Tavisuflebis uzenaes formas eltvoda? aki erTxel didsulovnad
II nawili
ganucxada mouravs: `_ tyec da sss... saxnav-saTesic xalxs ekuTvnis, Tavi da... daanebe, Ralas
nuRar gamoarTmev. xalxi ar Seawuxo~...
magram es saCuqari xalxma ar miiRo. xolo mouravi mixvda, mamuli upatronod rCeboda da
TeimurazTan samsaxurs Tavi daaneba. ratom? imitom, rom es gancxadeba da saqcieli principuli
TvalsazrisiT ki ar iyo nakarnaxevi, aramed laCruli SiSiT, politikuri mowinaaRmdegeni
488
gazeTSi gamlanZRaveno.
amrigad, arc sulis Tavisuflebamde amaRlebula Teimuraz xevisTavi.
Tavisufleba sxvisTvis ki TeimurazisaTvis ucxo xili iyo. am principis gansaxorcieleb-
lad foladis nebisyofa da amourwyveli energiaa saWiro. Teimuraz xevisTavs araferi amis
msgavsi ar gaaCnda. ara Tu sxvisi TavisuflebisTvis brZola, aramed elementuri samsaxuri ar
ZaluZs Teimurazs moyvasisTvis.
`Teimurazis karebs veqilis warwera hqonda. aTasSi erTxel vinme gzadabneuli gabriyvde-
boda da Teimurazs saqmes Caabarebda, merme im saqmis patroni nanobda da TavSi xels icemda:
Teimurazi saqmes xalisiT aiRebda, magram bolomde verasodes ver miatanda, xan arzas droze
ar daswerda, xan gasaCivrebis vadas gadaacilebda, xan nakisri saqme sul daaviwydeboda, xan
kidev saqmis garCevas ver daeswreboda, radgan im dRes an gadaudebeli sagazeTo werili hqonda
dasaweri, an krebaze iyo wasasvleli, an kidev sasamarTloSi mimavali, quCaSi vinmes waawydeboda
da ise gahyveboda kamaTsa da musaifSi, rom saqmesac daiviwyebda da ojaxSiac saRamoze Zlivs
dabrundeboda~.
arc erovnuli TavisuflebisTvis brZola SeuZlia Teimurazs. an ki rogor unda ibrZolos,
roca mas qarTveli xalxis nacionaluri energia ar swams. mas SeuZlia qarTveli xalxis war-
sulze, awmyosa da momavalze, mis Tvisebasa da bunebaze gauTaveblad iybedos, iybedos da bolos
mxolod nihilisturi daskvna gamoitanos: `qarTuli suli zRaparia! qarTuli kultura Wo-
ria!~.
bunebrivia, rom amgvari skepticizmiT gulgamoWmul kacs arafrisaTvis ar ZaluZs brZola.
Teimuraz xevisTavi carieli sityvaa, romelic saqmiT arasodes dadasturdeba. igi uenergi-
obis, umoqmedobis, umizno laybobis, cru kvexnis gansaxierebaa.
Teimuraz xevisTavis usafuZvlo ampartavnoba ebrZvis simarTles. es dacemis ukidures
sazRvars misuli kaci urcxvad trabaxobs _ `me momRunes, SeiZleba momtexon, magram ver... rra-
sodes ver damimorCileben, verrasodes!~ sakuTari mdgomareobis amgvari verSecnoba goneb-
rivi sibrmavis naTeli gamoxatulebaa. am sityvebSi Teimurazis kidev erTi Tviseba moCans: igi
yvelafers obieqtur sinamdviles abralebs, raTa subieqturad imarTlos Tavi.
mixeil javaxiSvili sruliad mkafiod gveubneba, rom Teimuraz xevisTavis mdgomareobaSi
mxolod obieqturi mizezebis gamo arasodes ar vardeba adamiani. situacia, romelSic Teimu-
raz xevisTavi cxovrobs, Sedegia upirvelesad misi subieqturi Tvisebebisa. erTxel Teimurazs
goneba gaunaTda da iyvira _ `gagigonia, rom gonieri adamiani TviTonve iTxrides samares? ar
gagigia gana! maS exla gaigone: me var magisTana giJi, me!~ magram es wamieri gamonaTeba maSinve
Caqra da Caiferfla. xevisTavi isev simxdalisa da pasiurobis sibneleSi CaiZira. yoveli ada-
miani pasuxs agebs im sinamdvileze, romelSic cxovrobs. obieqturi safuZvlis Zebna sulieri
silaCris gamarTlebaa. jayos xiznobac Teimurazis Seqmnili sinamdvilea. igi brals sxvas ver
dasdebs. amitomac amxels daundoblad Teimuraz xevisTavs mwerali.
Teimurazi sxvis fexis xmas ayolili kacia. man ar icis arc is, piradad ra sWirdeba da arc
is, rasac xalxi iTxovs. amitom, roca mouxmareli Tavisufleba miiRo, igi daunaneblad da
umtkivneulod gadauloca jayos.
jayo jivaSvilma ki martivad gaigo Tavisufleba. man erTi Zaladoba meore ZaladobiT
Secvala. rac adre Teimurazs motyuebiT, TvalTmaqcobiT, mzakvrobiT, unamusobiT da malulad
waarTva, axla aSkarad da uniRbod miiTvisa. jayom ar ikmara sxvisi qonebis, mamulis, simdidris
mitaceba. man sxvisi adgilis, saxelis, Rirsebis, pativis dasakuTrebac moisurva. `_ jayos mar-
to xevisTavis gvari da SenisTana kneina gaklia... erTi kviris Semdeg margos Segirdi rveulSi
gojis odena asoebiT sjRabnida: `jayo xevisTavi...~
jayos TavgadasavalSi mixeil javaxiSvilma jayoobis, rogorc garkveuli movlenis, arsi
axsna da misi yvela niSani gviCvena.
II nawili
jayosa da jayoobisaTvis principi ar arsebobs. misi Zala da Rone uprincipobaa. roca sa-
Wirod miiCnevs, sajarod da saqveynod daiwyebs Rrials `_ gagimarjos Jordanias mTavrobasa!..
gagimarjos! sawyali xalxi miwa mogca Jordaniama~. magram Tu situacia Seicvala da garemoebam
moiTxova, daufiqreblad da urcxvad akivldeba _ `RmerTma gakurTxos bolSevikebis mTavro-
bai, romelmaca sawyal jayos saxlic mogca, baRic, venaxica da kargi zakonica! Zirs Jordania!
aRar ginda jayos burjuaZis mTavrobai, aRara!~ 489
raki araviTari Rirseba ar gaaCnia, jayosa da jayoobis dasayrdeni da safuZveli Zaladobaa.
`jayos diliT-dilamde zed ekida rusuli Tofi, mauzeris dambaCa, Teimurazis mamapapise-
uli xmal-xanjali, samasi vazniT gatenili sami savazne da oTxi saomari yumbara~.
kbilebamde SeiaraRebuli dahqris jayo da yvelas emuqreba, Tavzars scems: `_ maS, maSa!
yvelaferi Cvenia, Cveni! dedas gitirebdiT, dedasa!..~
magram Zaladobis trfiali imas ar niSnavs, rom jayoobas moqniloba da gaiZveroba akldes.
Tu muqara ar gasWris, maSin jayos acremlebac, aknavlebac da gakravebac SeuZlia. Tan jayooba
yovelTvis xalxis saxeliT laparakobs, erze zrunviT aris Sewuxebuli.
`_ naSindaris xalxma gibrZana jayosa... samarTali ginda!.. Cveni xalxi magodena nalogi ar
gadaixdi!..~
amgvari layboba orpirobis, TvalTmaqcobis, farisevlobis niRabia. namdvilad ki jayo da
jayooba daundobeli yvlefa da eqspluataciaa.
`...Tavis naTesavebs _ mamakacebs da dedakacebsac ise amuSavebda, rom muyaiTi da gulkeTili
glexi imrigad Tavis saqonelsac ar gaimetebda~.
...
`jayos saqonelic blomad hyavda da davaJkacebuli naTesavebic, magram wisqvilisTvis TiT-
qo gangeb aravis imetebda: kodian safqvavs Tavis cols ahkidebda da dasWyivlebda:
_ aba, TaxraSu!
is orfexa pirutyvic welSi samad moikakveboda da, TavCaRunuli, sanam wisqvilSi Calas-
lasdeboda, daRlili cxeniviT ori saaTi mainc hxvneSoda da oflSi iwureboda~.
...
`_ jayosTana batoni am sofels ara hyolia, verc axlo-maxlo moiZebneba. erTi TviT erTi
kodi xorbali vTxove, erTi orad damisva. sxvebsac ase uSvreba. aqauri xalxi TandaTan xelSi
Caigdo, yvela jayos movalea~.
jayoobas keTildReobis iluziis Seqmnac SeuZlia. aseTi moCvenebiTi keTildReobiT mo-
xibla jayom margo yaflaniSvili. `... dRedaRam margoze laparakobda, masze zrunavda da misTvis
uSovnels Soulobda. aRaravis da aRarafers ar erideboda: Teimurazis coli dedoflad daisva
da yvelani ymebad dauyena~. Tumca iluzia sul male gaifanta da margoc jayos mZime uRelma
welSi gatexa.
axla SegviZlia daskvnis saxiT vTqvaT, rom jayooba aris sxvisi qonebis, simdidris, mamu-
lis, saxlkaris, Rirsebis, pativis, saxelis mitaceba-miTviseba, Zaladoba, qlesaoba, pirferoba,
orpiroba, urcxvi uprincipoba, usazRvro eqspluatacia, sruli umecreba da ukanonoba, moC-
venebiTi keTildReoba, romlis ukan imaleba gardauvali gaxrwna da dacema.
es saSineli movlena Zirfesvianad unda amoiZirkvos, radgan igi ganviTarebas, evolucias,
saxecvlilebas ar emorCileba.
margo yaflaniSvilma scada jayo jivaSvilis gardaqmna. qalma gaparsa, dabana, axali tan-
sacmeli Caacva, wera-kiTxvis swavla daawyebina, magram yvelaferma amaod Caiara. marTalia,
cota xniT `banjgvliani daTvi pirgaparsul maimuns daemsgavsa~, magram saqme amis iqiT ar wa-
sula. Teimurazma male naxa, rom `margos darigebiT gaparsuli maimuni kvlav banjgvlian daT-
vad gadaqceula: wveri gauzrdia, gapoxili qurqi da tlanqi Ceqmebi Caucvams da Tavze tyavis
bulula daudvia~.
mixeil javaxiSvils uzomod sZags jayooba da mkiTxvelsac am siZulviliT msWvalavs.
...jayom Teimurazsa da margos maxe daugo, margo liaxvis WalaSi Seityua, RamiT upatrono
da uqomago qals ZaliT namusi axada. Zaladobis am yaCaRurma aqtma margo aRaSfoTa, qalis
sulieri samyaro SeaZrwuna.
`_ mxeco, ras Svrebi?! pirutyvo!.. verago!.. avazako!..
...
II nawili
nacemi, nabegvi, daZalebuli da gaWuWyianebuli margarita xevisTavi axdil namuss, Selaxul

pativsa da gasresil Tavmoyvareobas cxelis cremliT hglovobda, mowamluliviT hborgavda,
simwrisgan iklakneboda da gulSi imuqreboda:
daicados jayom: Zvirad dausvams am nadirs Teimurazi saSinel Tavxedobas da simxeces!..~
rogorc vxedavT, jayos Zaladobis Sedegad margo xorciT daeca, magram suliT spetaki da
490 sufTa darCa. mas jer kidev aqvs imedi, rom Seuracxyofili xorcis gamo Surs iZiebs da moZa-
lades Zvirad dausvams damcirebas. magram, roca margo Teimurazs Sexvda, aRmoCnda, rom qa-
lis sulieri mxneoba gabzaruli yofila da man qmars daumala simarTle.
Tu pirveli Zaladobisas margos aRSfoTebis da Seuracxyofis Secnobis unari mainc hqonda,
meore SemTxvevisas man ukve uZlureba da morCileba gamoavlina.
magram dacemis gzaze margo ufro Sors wavida. man dacemiT da damonebiT amayoba daiwyo.
jer jayos mimarT madlierebis grZnoba gauCnda. roca jayom margo mofardagul, rbili
savarZlebiT da mooqrovili sarkeebiT gawyobil oTaxSi gadaiyvana, kmayofilebiT Tavgzaab-
neuli qali `sixaruliT fexze aRar idga. gaxarebuli bavSviviT scqmutavda, kiskisebda, la-
Robda... gulaCuyebuli da madlieri margo jayos gapoxil kiserze Camoekida:
_ jayo, Cemo kargo!.. Cemo jayo!..~
mere Tavad daiwyo margom RamRamobiT jayos oTaxSi sirbili. Teimurazs xeli hkra, masxarad
da abuCad aigdo.
`_ geyofa, gaaTave! vnaxe da gavige Seni wignebis Zalac da namdvili cxovrebac. buxars Seu-
keTe Seni wignebica da nawerebic!~
...
`_ ra Wirad minda Seni fuRuro sityvebi da WianaWami codna? mCatesa da uZvalo Wiayelas
buzic ki ibriyvebs. jayom araferi ar icis, magram yvelaferi SeuZlia. Sen yvelaferi ici,
magram sanagveze gadasagdebi Cvari xar, ra kaci xar, qaTamic ver dagiklavs!~
colma sabolood gaswira qmaric da TavisTavic. margo mTlianad miendo jayos.
margom moCvenebiTi Tavisuflebac aRar daitova. Teimuraz xevisTavs gaeyara da jayo ji-
vaSvils misTxovda.
mixeil javaxiSvili margos TavgadasavliT Tanamimdevrulad gvixatavs Tavisufali ada-
mianis monad qcevis process. damcirebisa da Seuracxyofis winaaRmdeg adamiani Tavidan pro-
tests acxadebs. visac nebisyofa aqvs _ aqtiurs, unebisyofo _ pasiurs, magram mainc protests.
es pirveli etapia. meore etapi sakuTari uZlurebis Segneba da damorCilebaa. am or etapze
adamianis gadarCena kidev SeiZleba, radgan masSi jer sabolood ar momkvdara Tavmoyvareobis,
siamayis da Tavisuflebis grZnoba. Tu aq dacemul adamians xelisgamwodebeli aRmoaCnda, igi
SeiZleba gadarCes, samSvidobo gzaze gamovides. Tu mSveleli ar gamoCnda, maSin mesame etapi
iwyeba _ Tavisuflebis sruli dakargva.
Tavisuflebis dakargvisa da damonebis yvelaze Semzaravi da Tavzardamcemi Sedegi is aris,
rom mona kmayofilia Tavisi monobiT da amayobs kidec amiT, rogorc es margos daemarTa. amitom
aris SemaZrwunebeli margos Tavgadasavali.
mixeil javaxiSvili ar kmayofildeba mxolod damonebis procesis CvenebiT. igi am procesis
rezultatis mkafio suraTsac xatavs. am suraTs ori mxare aqvs _ moCvenebiTi da namdvili.
moCvenebiTma mxarem daabrmava margo da daukarga gansjis unari:
`margo swored ise iyo gamowyobili da morTuli, rogorc aTi wlis winaT, roca jayos
magivrad Teimurazs edga gverdiT: tanT ecva TeTri atlasis qarTuli kaba; ganier mkerds
umSvenebda oqros zonariT gadaxlarTuli da margalitebiT Semkuli pirisferi gulispiri;
ganieri, iasamnis feri sartyeli, TaviT-bolomde oqroTi da abreSumiT naqargi, koWebamde
swvdeboda. Sublze gvirgvinis msgavsi ialqani ertya, margalitebiT da almasebiT moWedili,
xolo Tavze da mxrebze Txeli TeTri mandili edo, isic oqros foTlebiT moqarguli; Tavsak-
ravis Suaguls aRmarTuli hqonda saucxovo jiRa, _ Zvirfasi Tvlebis Taiguli. am Taiguls
msxlis msgavsi da nekis odena margaliti dascqeroda, romelic nislovan varskvlaviviT uc-
naurisa da idumali SuqiT cimcimebda~.
bednierebis sruli iluziaa. magram margos gonebis TvaliT mzera ar SeeZlo, igi ver mixvda,
II nawili
rom yvelaferi, ramac bednierebis iluzia Seuqmna, misi sakuTreba iyo. ver mouara da sxvam
waarTva. axla es sxva, ucxo da gadamTieli, margos Tvals uxvevs da mosatyuebel sakenks uyris.
jayo qonebis miTvisebiT da warTmeviT ar kmayofildeba. moZalades margos sulieri gaxrwna-
gaTaxsirebac unda, maSin izeimebs jayo saboloo gamarjvebas. aRwevs kidec mizans.
491
ukve gvian iyo, roca margom dainaxa, ra iyo jayos mooqrovili CarCos namdvili Sinaarsi.
`margo ise gamxdara da gayviTlebula, TiTqos sami Tvis naloginari yofilao. usisxlo
tuCebi gascrecia da loyebi Rrmad Cahzneqia, xolo Rrmad Cacvivnuli nuSis Tvalebi mimqral
WraqiviT Zlivs bJutaven. tanT CiTis dakonkili kaba acvia da mxrebze gaxunebuli Sali aqvs
wamosxmuli~.
...
`mZime tvirTis qveS orad moxrili margo bilikze Zlivs miabijebs~. ase sruldeba zneob-
rivi dacema socialuri monobiT.
roca moZaladis Tavxedobas da Semotevas upirispirdeba yalbad gagebuli kacTmoyvareoba,
uniaTo zneobrioba, unebisyofoba da uniadago ocneba, maSin keTilSobili da amaRlebuli
iRupeba, adamianuris nacvlad mxecuri imarjvebs.
unebisyofobis, gaubedaobis da uniaTobis gakveTili Teimuraz xevisTavma mTeli Tavisi
cxovrebiT uCvena margos. amitom margos saboloo ganaCeni samarTliania: `Seni Tavic daiRupe
da mec gamaubedure... RmerTma Cemi codva Sen dagakisros, Temur!~.
amrigad, naTeli xdeba, rom margos dacemas sami mizezi aqvs: jayos Zaladoba, Teimurazis
araraoba da Tavad margos unebisyofoba.
margos mxatvruli xatis azrobrivi Sinaarsi srulad ar iqneba amocnobili, Tu ar vityviT,
rom igi (margo) alegoriulad aRniSnavs yvelafers, rasac dacva sWirdeba da rasac boroteba
emuqreba.
am mxriv gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mivaqcioT Teimurazis Tavdaviwyebul siyvaruls
margosadmi. igi dauviwyar das, dedas da meuRles uwodebs margos. am qalSi saxierdeba yvela-
feri amaRlebuli TeimurazisaTvis. marto umweobis brali ar aris, rom Teimurazi mzad aris
Seundos margos yvela codva. jer erTi, xevisTavi xedavs Tavis danaSauls da meorec, mas ar
ZaluZs mokveTos fesvebi, romliTac igi dakavSirebulia margosTan rogorc qalTan, ise sam-
Soblos simbolosTan.
marTalia, Teimurazs uyvars margoca da samSobloc, magram ar ZaluZs umTavresi _ daicvas
Tavisi siyvaruli. rogorc ki saqme dacvaze midgeba, igi ukan ixevs da morCildeba Zaldatanebas,
amis Sedegad Teimurazis siyvaruli amaRlebuli ki ar aris, aramed damdablebuli da sazizRari.
mxolod mebrZol siyvaruls moaqvs bedniereba. Tu ase ar aris, siyvaruli monobis Taviseburi
formaa. Teimurazis siyvarulic monobis gamovlenaa da ara adamianis sulis Tavisuflebisa.
amitom iryeva igi siyvarulsa da siZulvils Soris.
Teimuraz xevisTavma keTili ver moutana verc Tanamecxedres da verc samSoblos. Teimu-
razi Teoriulad mixvda Tavis danaSauls. misi ukanaskneli sityvebi TviTmxilebac aris, codvis
aRiarebac da monaniebac.
`Cemo wamebulo margo! Cemo jvarcmulo angelozo. me ver miviReb Sens bodiSs, vinaidan me
TviTon var SengniT Sesawynarebeli. usazRvro da uZiroa Cemi brali. gSioda da puri ver mogeci;
gwyuroda da wyali ver dagalevine; gcioda da kari ver gagiRe. ganuzomelia Cemi brali Sens
winaSe... Seminde da daiviwye uricxvi codvani Cemni... Tu ZalgiZs, Cemo wamebulo, mivceT yove-
live daviwyebas da SevudgeT axal cxovrebas...~
magram es mixvedra, monanieba da mowodeba _ SevudgeT axal cxovrebas _ arafers niSnavs.
Teimuraz xevisTavis bunebasa da xasiaTSi araferi Seicvleba. igi yvelgan da yvela pirobebSi
uZluri, uniaTo da ususuri darCeba, ris gamoc, nebiT Tu uneblieT, mxolod borotebas moi-
tans. erTaderTi, rac mas darCenia arsebobis gasagrZeleblad, moTminebaa. amitomac emudareba
Teimurazi RmerTs _ `mogvec Cven, davrdomilTa da uRirsTa ZeTa SenTa, moTmineba uleveli,
mSvidoba usazRvro da rwmena uZiro~. magram Teimuraz xevisTavi cdeba, mwared tyuvdeba, roca
hgonia, rom moTminebas, mSvidobas, rwmenas vinme ubrZolvelad uboZebs. rwmenac, mSvidobac,
moTminebac brZoliT unda moipovos adamianma. Tu brZola Sewyvite, maSin asparezs jayo dae-
ufleba. igi gabatondeba. amaRlebuli ideali dedis, disa da colis Seicvleba cinikuri laz-
II nawili
RandarobiT _ `dedakaci baRi xar, Tu ar morwye, gaxmebi~. samSobloca da qalic im baRs daem-
sgavseba, sadac yvela moxveWas, gayvlefas, Zarcvas eltvis da aravin fiqrobs movla-patrono-
baze. jayosaTvis margoca da naSindaric, samSobloca da mamulic dumaa, romelic unda Talo
da Talo da, roca xelT araferi SegrCeba, arxeinad miafurTxo da axali eZebo. jayos xelSi
qveyanasac ise daemarTeba, rogorc margos mouvida. moCvenebiTi keTildReoba Seicvleba mZime
492 eqspluataciiT, siRatakiTa da siduxWiriT.
`ra ar iyo im maRaziebSi saqveynod gatanili erTi lukma purisaTvis! kabebi da sacvali,
WurWeli da suraTebi, wignebi da albomebi, samkauli da saTamaSo, naqargi da naqsovi, saCuqari
da saxsovari; col-qmrobis, daniSvnis, jvrisweris, da-Zmobis, mamaSvilobis da megobrobis
aTasnairi wvrilmani, uTvalavi mogonebebiT aRsavse, natifi naxelavi, intimuri da Zvirfasi
nivTi...
...uklebliv yvelafers hqonda Tavisi romani da warsuli, sixaruli da dardi, sicili da
cremli, intimuri istoria da ucxo Tavgadasavali, imediani dasawyisi da sevdiani dasasruli~.
asea, jayoebis batonoba niSnavs warsulis gayidvas, awmyos tanjvad gadaqcevas da momavlis
sibneles da gaurkvevlobas.
roca margos _ qveynis dacema-daqcevas uyureb, naTeli xdeba, rom Teimuraz xevisTavis
umweo altruizmi jayo jivaSvilis moZalade mizanTropiis mokavSire da Tanamdgomia. jayos
moZalade mizanTropia Teimurazis umweo altruizmis dauxmareblad da xelSeuwyoblad ver
iarsebebs. amitom aris Teimurazi iseTive damnaSave, rogoric jayo. amitom aris daundobeli
mixeil javaxiSvilis satira rogorc erTis, ise meoris mimarT. mixeil javaxiSvili ar niRbavs
Tavis damokidebulebas Teimurazisa da jayosadmi. pirdapir da aSkarad, mourideblad uwodebs
mwerali Teimurazs wignis Wias, wignis matls, qaCal Tagvs, ganaTlebul qaTams, nakacars, naTa-
vadars da ase Semdeg. jayoc asevea daxasiaTebuli _ banjgvliani daTvi, oyrayi, orangutangi,
pirgaparsuli maimuni, revoluciis muni...
mixeil javaxiSvili srulad amxels jayoobis yvela saSinelebas. jayooba Tavzardamcemia
ara marto drois ama Tu im monakveTSi, aramed momavlisTvisac. erTi damafiqrebeli suraTia
aRwerili `jayos xizneSi~.
Teimuraz xevisTavisa da margo yaflaniSvilis kavSiris Sedegad bavSvi ar gaCnda, e. i. umweo
altruizmi da pasiuroba unayofoa. magram bavSvi daibada margo yaflaniSvilisa da jayo ji-
vaSvilis Tanayofis rezultatad. e. i. moZalade mizanTropia da pasiuroba nayofieria, momavali
aqvs. es xom TavisTavad saSiSia, magram ufro meti safrTxea mosalodneli, radgan moZalade
mizanTrops surs SeiniRbos, keTilSobilis saxiT mogvevlinos. jayo Txovs Teimuraz xevisTavs
`_ modi, saqmes ise gagakeTebde, rom am patara jayosa xevisTavi dagarqmevde. ha, ras ityode?~
Teimurazi Tanaxmaa.
jayo xevisTavi. ase SeiniRbeba mizanTropia altruizmiT momavalSi da ukve veRar gaarCev,
sad aris keTili da sad _ boroti. amitom daundoblad unda iqnes mxilebuli jayo da jayooba.
jayoobis Sedegic Tavzardamcemi unda iyos. es rezultati margos dacemaa.
mixeil javaxiSvili am dacemis mkafio suraTis sademonstraciod erotiul scenebs xatavs.
es bunebrivic aris. klasikur satirul literaturaSi erotizmi gamoyenebulia rogorc xerxi,
rogorc saSualeba, adamianisa da sazogadoebis zneobrivi dacemis saCveneblad: asea `satiri-
konSi~, òqros virSi~, `dekameronSi~, `gargantua da pantagruelSi~ da sxvagan, sadac grotes-
kuli realizmis kuTxiT ixateba adamianTa yofa. mixeil javaxiSvilic groteskuli realizmis
saSualebebs mimarTavs, raTa maqsimalurad aRaSfoTos mkiTxvelis sulieri samyaro, aamxedros
moraluri dacemis winaaRmdeg. amitomac zaravs da aZrwunebs mkiTxvels margosa da jayos ur-
TierToba, am qalis saboloo bedi, roca igi welSi oTxadmokecili, sampirtyavgamZvrali, muSa
saqonlad gadaqceuli miaTrevs cxovrebis mZime tvirTs...
asea daxatuli Seubralebeli satiruli kalmiT, erTi mxriv, boroteba (jayo) da umweoba
(Teimurazi) da, meore mxriv, maTi erToblivi msxverpli (margo). magram, miuxedavad amisa, `ja-
yos xiznebi~ imediT da rwmeniT savse romania.
rwmenasa da imeds badebs rogorc konkretulad am romanis, ise mixeil javaxiSvilis mTeli
Semoqmedebis mrwamsi: boroteba dausjeli ar rCeba. mwerals keTilis aucilebeli gamarjveba
kosmosur kanonzomierebad miaCnia. mixeil javaxiSvili borotebis damsjels uwodebs `bedi
II nawili
mdevars~, `gangebis eTiks~, `bedisweris etls~.
`satirikoni~ _ romaeli mwerlis petroniusis (ax.w.a. I s) romani

òqros viri~ _ romaeli mwerlis apuleusis (ax.w.a. II s) romani
`dekameroni~ _ italieli mwerlis jovani bokaCos (1313-1375) novelebis wigni
`gargantua da pantagrueli~ _ frangi mwerlis fransua rables (1494-1553) romani
493
Teimuraz xevisTavi aseTi sityvebiT mimarTavs jayo jivaSvils:
`...jayo! kidev viRac aris am qveynad RmerTis garda. is `viRac~ urmiT dasdevs fexmard
mglebs... urmiT dasdevs, didxans dasdevs, bolos, rac unda mardad irbinos mgelma, sadac unda
gadaikargos, urmiT mdevari `viRac~ im mgels mainc daeweva da kbilebs daaglejs... daixsome
Cemi ukanaskneli sityva... amieridgan dRe-da-Ram im samarTals moelode. Cems magivrad mova da
angariSss gg...gagisworebs. bedma mdevarma Sen Tu ar mogiswro, Sens Svilebs mainc wamoeweva da
kbilebiT dahglejs, Samfurze Seswvavs, nel cecxlze mohxrakavs, bnel ormoSi Cahyris da Tan
gvelis wiwilebs Caayolebs...~
auxda jayos Teimurazis wyevla. marTlac daewia bedi mdevari. xalxma igi lazaTianad mi-
begva, Tavic gauxeTqa, naqurdali da miTvisebuli waarTva, Teimurazis sasaxlidan gamoagdo
da isev im gomurSi Selala, saidanac gamoZvra `revoluciis muni, wurbela, baRlinjo da tili~.
rogorc ukve vTqvi, mixeil javaxiSvilis rwmena kosmosuri samarTlianobisa vlindeba
ara marto `jayos xiznebSi~, aramed TiTqmis mis yvela nawarmoebSi.
`gangebis eTiki ukve hyioda maTzeda, vinc `yardaSi~ damiRupa da uxilavi TiTi ukve swerda
etls, rodesac TxuTmeti kaci gaakres miwaze da TxuTmeti joxi aRmarTes~, _ wers mwerali
`lambalo da yaSas~ dasasruls. mere gviambobs aRsasruls yvela mTaganisa, vinc boroteba Cai-
dina da amTavrebs:
`bedi-mdevari sxvebsac urmiT daewia da axali ruseTis wiTel JinJRilaze daswva:
general Cernozubovs ulmobelma bedma kavkavSi CasWida basri klanWebi.
komendanti berezovski xarkovSi gaxvrita wiTelma tyviam.
konsuli neratovi cimbirSi gaiyina, xolo misi mdivani volgaSi daixrCo.
sazarel ars yivili gangebis eTikisa!
did ars Zala bed-mdevrisa!~
`givi Saduris~ bolo ambavi ki saerTod dasaTaurebulia ase _ `bedi-mdevari~. romanis am
Tavis personaJebi _ yaraman jiqurauli da sexnia laCiSvili mZime, codvebiT savse cxovrebis
gzas gaivlian da orive cixeSi sikvdiliT amTavrebs sicocxles. orive, erTi _ TavzexelaRe-
buli vaJkaci da meore _ laCari da damsmeni, erTsa da imave daskvnas akeTebs.
yaraman jiqurauli: `beds versad wauxval. erTmaneTs ramdenime weliwads davdevdiT. me
qariviT davqrodi, is ki urmiT momdevda. mainc damewia~.
sexnia laCiSvili: `bedi-mdevari~ mec damewia~.
amgvari nimuSebis motana kidev SeiZleba, magram visac mixeil javaxiSvilis Txzulebani
dakvirvebiT waukiTxavs, Tavadac bevrs gaixsenebs msgavs magaliTebs. amitom SesaZleblad mi-
maCnia gavimeoro daskvna: mixeil javaxiSvils uryevad swams, rom boroteba aucileblad isjeba,
radgan TavisTavSi Seicavs sasjels. igi Tavad anadgurebs TavisTavs.
am rwmenis nayofia, rom rarig mkacri da daundobelic unda iyos mixeil javaxiSvilis
satira saerTod da kerZod `jayos xiznebi~, misi mTeli Semoqmedeba da calkeuli nawarmoebni
savsea naTeli optimizmiT, rwmeniTa da imediT. mwerlis es rwmena qarTuli literaturis tra-
diciiTac ikvebeba:
`borotsa sZlia keTilman, arseba misi grZelia~.
es ara marto `vefxistyaosnis~ kredoa, aramed mTeli qarTuli sityvakazmuli mwerlobisa.
igi eyrdnoba moZRvrebas, romlis Tanaxmad boroteba ararsia, usubstancioa.
am literaturis, am moZRvrebis sisxlxorceuli nawilia `jayos xiznebic~.
Teimurazi da Tavisufleba, Tavisuflebis sxvadasxva saxeobani.

II nawili
Teimurazi da Tavisufleba rogorc pasuxismgebloba.

jayos Tavisufleba; ra saxes iRebs igi.
jayo rogorc `garkveuli movlenis~ _ bolSevizmis simbolo; konkretuli Tvise-
bebi, romlebic jayos arss qmnian, anu bolSevizmis arss Seadgenen.
494
margos dacemis stadiebis analizi _ damonebis procesi da am procesis Sedegebi.
Teimurazis umweoba rogorc margos tragediis wanamZRvari.
margo rogorc samSoblos xati da misdami Teimurazis damokidebuleba.
Teimurazis siyvaruli rogorc monoba.
Teimurazis monaniebis gaazreba.
Teimurazis brZolisuunaroba _ misi marcxis mizezi.
Teimurazi da jayo _ ùmweo altruizmis~ da `moZalade mizanTropiis~ urTierT-
kavSiri.
kritikosis azri satirul literaturaSi erotizmis gamoyenebis funqciaze, gro-
teskis mizandasaxulobaze.
bedi-mdevaris saxe mixeil javaxiSvilis SemoqmedebaSi saerTod da `jayos xiznebSi~
kerZod; mwerlis mrwamsi.
davaleba
dawereT referati akaki baqraZis statiis mixedviT _ kompaqturad gadmoeciT av-

toris mTavari debulebebi; imsjeleT, riT aris statia STambeWdavi da damajerebeli
TqvenTvis da ras ar eTanxmebiT; Tqveni pozitiuri Tu polemikuri mosazrebebi, Sefa-
sebebi daasabuTeT.
kritikuli azri
Salva amirejibi
`jayos xiznebi~
`jayos xiznebi~ dawerilia cud dros da cudi droisTvis. masSi gamosWvivis TviT avtoris
bedi. mixeil javaxiSvili erT dros Cvens rigebSi idga da ebrZoda Tavis qveynis mtrebs. 1923
wels daiWires da irwmunebian, rom bolSevikebma TerTmetjer daupires daxvreta. meTorme-
tejer is gaaTavisufles da dawera susti nawarmoebi.
Tqma ar unda, is, rasac bolSevizmi hqvia, `jayos xiznebSi~ Tamamad aris aRwerili. avtorma
mas sastiki sarke auyuda win. amaSi javaxiSvili usaTuod niWieria. magram romanSi sruliad ara
Cans bolSevizmis metoqe cxovreba, romelic ase medgrad ebrZvis mas da es nakli romans simar-
Tles ukargavs. rad moxda es? nuTu marTla jayo iseTi gamarjvebulia, rom dasTrguna cxov-
rebis sxva sawyisi?
ra daemarTeba ojaxs bolSevikur weswyobilebaSi, Tu qmari `principis~ kacia, ar urigdeba
axal wesebs, laparakobs bevrs da akeTebs cotas? avtori ambobs, rom mova jayo, cols TviTon
waiyvans da qmars kooperativSi Caayenebs. kooperativi aq naxmaria rogorc bolSevikuri fe-
nomeni. ra sazogadoebaa is sazogadoeba, sadac ojaxs ise ar ecxovreba, Tu coli jayos ar
misTxovda da qmari am qorwils ar daeswro?
rogorc vTqvi, avtori agviwers qarTul yofas bolSevikur CarCoSi. misi gmiria margo,
misi gmiria Teimurazi, misi gmiria, dasasrul, es yovlad autaneli jayo, romelsac RvTisnieri
adamiani ar gauCnda, rom kiserSi hkras da karSi gaagdos, piriqiT, margos saxiT avtorma ori-
aTaswlovani qarTuli kultura jayos miugdo. SeiZleba miTxran, rom aseT yofaSia swored
saqarTvelo. diax! magram saqarTvelo ibrZvis! margo? margos Seiyvanen tyeSi da iq davla xdeba
II nawili
turtliani adamianis, miiyvanen sofelSi da iq jvars daiweren maszed. scemen, rogorc scemen
jayoebi Tavis colebs mudam da mere zurgzed safqvavakidebuls wisqvilSi gzavnian. daviwye-
bulia ara marto Sopenis hangebi, aramed madonas saxec, romlis matarebeli erTxel margo
Salva amirejibi (1887-1943) _ qarTveli poeti, politikosi, qaquca ColoyaSvilis TanamebrZoli;

emigranti
495
iyo. aris es ubedureba, rom kacs guli daewvas masze? ara, es usityvobaa gasaocari da SemaZ-
rwunebeli! amitom aris, rom margo mkiTxvelSi sibraluls ar iwvevs.
vin aris Teimurazi? am adamianis dasuraTebiT avtorma romanSi Tanamedrove qarTveli
kacis saxe mogvca. magram Teimurazi metia, vidre ubralo qarTveli kaci. is inteligentia _
qveynis marili! magram am marilisagan mTeli saqarTvelo mlaSdeba. is moklebulia imasac,
rasac ilia WavWavaZe `ciT monaber suls~ uZaxda da Tan imdenad keTili iyo, rom ar daiSura is
arc luarsabisaTvis, arc darejanisaTvis. mixeil javaxiSvilma icis mxolod nakli da adamianis
arc erTi Rirseba. aqedan warmosdgeba misi romanis naklic. Teimurazi umsgavsebaa, romelsac
vervis daamsgavseb, magram Sedareba mainc saWiroa. hamleti erTi usrulesi literaturuli
tipia msoflio mwerlobaSi. is gvaocebs Cven Tavisi sulis TvisebaTa sxvadasxvaobiT da moqme-
debis siuxviT, rasac igi mudam erTsa da imave marcxamde mihyavs, magram ugemur grZnobebs igi
arasodes ar gviRviZebs. mas aqvs nakli, iqneba erTi, iqneba aTasi, magram danarCeni Tvisebani
misi sulisa maRalni arian, gvxiblaven Cven da Cveni suli mudam am mSvenier daniis princis
amalaSi imyofeba. SeiZleboda Teimurazic susti yofiliyo jayosTan da bolSevizmTan brZo-
laSi, magram `ciT monaberi suli~ masac hqonoda. avtorma esec daiSura misTvis. dgas igi Cvens
Tvalwin viT saxedari da mowiwebiT atarebs im sibinZuris tvirTs, romelic avtorma ahkida.
Teimurazs sikvdili unda, mokvdeba da rigian adamianad iqceva. amitom Teimurazi wyalSi var-
deba. avtori kargi mcuravia da wylidan gamohyavs. Teimurazi gaiqca Sors margosagan, Sors am
sazarel jayosagan, gaumarjos sxva cxovrebas! avtori Teimurazs diliJnis bileTs auRebs da
isev jayosTan mohyavs...
sul sxvaa jayo! bedi momec da sanexveze damsvio _ ambobs qarTuli andaza. jayo mTeli
Tavisi sicocxle nexvze ijda. amitom aris igi ase turtliani, magram bedi hqonda. misi bedi
bolSevizmi aris. ra ar xdeba cxovrebaSi, vin ar efareba RvTis kalTas da daveTanxmebiT avtors,
rom aris jayosTana xalxic. magram ar aris araviTari saWiroeba, rom jayosTana `marTali~
tipi mwerlobaSi iyves Seyvanili. xelovneba simbolos saWiroebs da ara asls. qvis kvarcxlbekze
rom qvisave cxenis saxeba dasdgaT, es iqneba qandakeba da simbolo. magram imave kvarcxlbekzed
rom namdvili cxeni SesvaT, niCabic mogindebaT, rom misi funa xvetoT. ai gansxvaveba xelovne-
basa da cxovrebas Soris! jayo romanSi namdvili cxenia kvarcxlbekze. jayo bolSevikia, aRar
maxsovs, aqvs Tu ara mas partbileTi, magram es arc saWiroa. jayo bolSevikia imdenad, ramdena-
dac bolSevizmi mdgomareobs imaSi, rom uvargisebma ajobon ukeTesebs da uvargisebma marTon
ukeTesebi...
rogor unda SevadaroT dRevandeli qarTuli cxovreba misi namdvili tragediiT da nam-
dvili gmirebiT, romlebic ise iRupebian, rom wylidan isini aravis ar gamohyavs, am romans,
sadac gmirebi aRbeWdilni arian ara nakliT, rogorc es sCveviaT adamianebs, aramed sibinZuriT,
simbadliT da usityvobiT.
wignSi mocemuli nimuSebis mixedviT gamoyaviT statiaSi ZiriTadi sakiTxebi da Se-

saferisad daasaTaureT isini.
komentari
bolSevikuri kritika `jayos xiznebis~ avtors sabWoTa sinamdvilis gayalbebaSi da dama-

xinjebaSi sdebda brals. romaniT qarTuli patriotuli inteligenciac ukmayofilo iyo, rac
Salva amirejibis statiaSic gamoixata.
II nawili
Salva amirejibis mTavari pretenzia `jayos xiznebis~ mimarT arsebiTad is aris, rom ro-
manSi ar Cans jayos Rirseuli mowinaaRmdege, rom Teimuraz xevisTavi metismetad ubadruki
da umweoa, rom mweralma arasworad airCia gmiri, ugulebelyo mebrZoli saqarTvelo. da mar-
Tlac, saqarTveloSi iyvnen adamianebi, romlebic, Tundac TviT Salva amirejibis msgavsad,
Seupovrad ebrZodnen bolSevikur reJims.
496
magram unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom Teimuraz xevisTavi ar aris ubralod da mxolod per-
sonaJi-xasiaTi _ mTavaria, rom igi garkveuli msoflmxedvelobis gansaxierebaa. Teimurazi
evropeistia, evropuli racionalizmis da ganmanaTleblobis Taviseburi memkvidrea _ gonebis,
mecnierebis da ganaTlebis, progresis da demokratiis yovlisSemZleobis maRiarebelia (Tumca
Semdgom sruli nihilizmi ipyrobs). xevisTavis groteskuli figura imasac ireklavs, rom qar-
Tul sinamdvileSi es msoflgageba zereledaa aTvisebuli, organulad ar aris danergili da
ver iqceva mtkice sulieri ZaliT aRmWurvel rwmenad, Zveli, qristianuli rwmena ki uaryo-
fili da dakargulia.
yvelaze gavleniani CvenSi zedapirulad fexmokidebuli aseTi msoflmxedveloba aRmoC-
nda, qveynis winamZRoloba da patronoba mis adeptebs ergoT. amitom mwerali bolSevizms swo-
red am msoflmxedvelobas upirispirebs, romelic velurobasTan Sejaxebisas sruliad usu-
suria. mixeil javaxiSvili mxatvrulad gamoavlens sabediswero kanonzomierebas _ konkretul
realobas mowyvetili, uniadago ìdealizmi~ da utopizmi biZgs aZlevs da cxovrebas saTare-
Sod uTmobs iracionalur da bnel Zalebs. raRac msgavsi xdeba mixail bulgakovis moTxrobaSic
waikiTxoT
`ZaRlis guli~: Sarikovi, adamianad gardaqmnili ZaRli, tipiuri rigiTi bolSeviki _ `rusi
girCevT
jayo~, utopisturi `tvinis Wyletis~ uneblie, saSineli da sazizRari nayofia.

mixeil javaxiSvili, marTalia, Zalian mkacria xevisTavisadmi, saerTod, qarTuli sinam-
dvilisadmi, magram am simkacreSi tragikuli tkivili da Tanaziarobaa. Tavis gmirTan erTad
mweralic eSveba damcirebis da tanjvis jurRmulSi. oRond mas ar SeuZlia lmobieri da dam-
ndobi iyos imisadmi, vinac da ramac qveyanas monoba ganumzada. misi mrwamsiT, utyuari, mtkiv-
neuli TviTSemecneba eris sulieri gajansaRebisTvis aucilebelia.
am romanis groteskuli realizmi siaxle iyo qarTul literaturaSi, siaxlis adekvaturi
aRqma ki erTbaSad Znelia. rogorc Cans, amitom esaxeba Salva amirejibs romanis naklad is, rac
misi mxatvruli Taviseburebaa _ personaJebis groteskuli dehumanizacia.
davaleba
ganixileT da SeafaseT Salva amirejibis statia, agreTve komentarSi mocemuli

msjeloba; SeadareT erTmaneTs `jayos xiznebis~ Salva amirejibis da akaki baqraZiseu-
li wakiTxvebi _ maT Soris romelia TqvenTvis ufro axlobeli da ratom.
citata
meoce saukunis 70-iani wlebis bolos qarTul sazogadoebaSi didi vnebaTaRelva gamoiwvia
reJisor Temur CxeiZis satelevizio speqtaklma `jayos xiznebi~. xevisTavis rolis Semsru-
lebeli, msaxiobi nodar mgalobliSvili igonebs:
èrTxel Cems saxlTan satvirTo manqana Cerdeba, gadmodis mZRoli, miaxlovdeba da me-
kiTxeba: batono nodar, ratom iTamaSeT aseTi roli, Cven xom viciT, saqarTvelo aris daviT
aRmaSeneblis, Tamar mefis, aseTi wminda mefeebis qveyana, aseTi tradiciebis mqone, am nawar-
moebSi ki yvela Cveni tradicia uaryofilia, mere Tqvenc ra sawyali xarT, aseTi roli namdvi-
lad ar unda geTamaSaT, es xom danaSaulia qarTveli eris winaSeo?!..
ar gasula erTi kvira da isev movida `Cemi mZRoli~ saprotesto arziT, romelsac xels
awerdnen erT-erTi satransporto gaerTianebis mZRolebi, aRSfoTebulni mimarTavdnen te-
lestudias, gazeTebs, rom `jayos xiznebis~, amgvari uzneo nawarmoebis dadgma aRmaSfoTebeli
II nawili
faqtia, amitom unda avjanydeT, moviTxovoT, rom es speqtakli aRar gavides ekranze, aikrZalos
da ase Semdeg...
zogierTma inteligentma Tqva: mixeil javaxiSvili cocxali rom iyos, axla meored aris
dasaxvreti, rogor gabeda qarTvel xalxze amgvari umsgavsobis dawerao. Tumca 1989 wlis 9
aprilis mere bevri moego gons, ra marTali iyaviT, maSin es nawarmoebi rom dadgiT, axla uaresi
497
ar mogvividao?!~
Tqven ra argumentebs daupirispirebdiT `jayos xiznebis~ da misi damdgmelebis mimarT
wamoyenebul braldebebs, bralmdebelTa moTxovnebs.
rogor fiqrobT, ratom aRmoCnda bevrisTvis 1989 wlis 9 aprili `jayos xiznebis~ simarT-
lis damadasturebeli.
nikolai hartmani
Zvel droSi poeziis erTmaneTisgan gancalkevebuli formebi Seiqmna _ tragedia da kome-

dia; aseTi dayofa poetur xelovnebaSi (literaturaSi) Semdgomac arsebobda.
cxovrebaze am dayofas ver gadavitanT, cxovreba mas ewinaaRmdegeba. es ki niSnavs, rom
TviT cxovreba sxvanairia, aq ar arsebobs mkveTri mijnebi.
tragikomizmi adamianis tragikul da komikur niSan-TvisebaTa ubralo Sereva ki ar aris,
aramed maTi Sinagani gadaxlarTvaa: sisulelem da sxva sisusteebma, romlebic TavisTavad sa-
saciloa (ampartavnobam, sakuTar Tavze didma warmodgenam, sijiutem, moridebulobam), ada-
miani SeiZleba iseT Sedegamde miiyvanos, romlis seriozulobas ver gautoldeba am adamianis
Secdomis masStabi. maSin misi bedi marTlac tragikulia, magram movlenaTa Tanmimdevrul rigs
gamudmebiT Tan sdevs komizmi.
namdvil tragikomizmSi tragikuli imavdroulad komikuradac gvevlineba, isini erTma-
neTs ar anadgureben, erTmaneTTan gamaRizianebel igiveobas inarCuneben. xelovnebas rom maTi
daSoreba ganezraxa, orive maTgans mospobda.
mefe lirma udidesi sisulele Caidina _ Zalaufleba xelidan gauSva da sazeimo dapirebebi
gasca, am qmedebis Sedegebi ki WeSmaritad tragikulia. cxovreba, bolos da bolos, aseTia da
poeti, amgvarad, cxovrebas miuaxlovda. amis gakeTeba yvela poets ar SeuZlia, amisTvis sulis
sifarTove da sinTezirebis Zalaa aucilebeli. magram Seqspirsac aseTi sinTezis Seqmnas is
abedinebda, rom cxovrebaSi yovelTvis xdeba sasacilo sisuleleebi, romelTac uaRresad
tragikuli Sedegebi mosdevs.
ipoveT romanSi da ganixileT xevisTavis msjeloba, romelic aq gamokveTil Tvalsazriss

exmaureba.
imsjeleT tragikomizis yvelaze mkafio gamoxatulebebze `jayos xiznebSi~.
zurab kakabaZe
me-15 saukunis damlevs italiaSi warmoebuli gaTxrebisas aRmoaCines Taviseburi saxis

ornamentika; SemdgomSi yovelive imas, rac am ornamentikas waagavda, `groteski~ uwodes, riTac
aRiniSna gamoqvabulis (grota) ornamentikisdagvari. rogoria gamoqvabulSi aRmoCenili or-
namentikis Tavisebureba? igi gamoxatavs urCxulebs, arabunebriv, fantastikur arsebebs, rom-
lebic adamianisa da cxovelis Tu mcenaris nawilebis gaerTianebebs warmoadgenen...
komikur efeqts qmnis nakli, rogorc specifikurad adamianur unarTa da TvisebaTa nak-
leboba; xolo specifikurad adamianur unarTa da TvisebaTa nakleboba, saboloo angariSiT,
moaswavebs cxovelsa, mcenaresa da, bolos, fizikur nivTTan adamianis mimsgavsebas. amasTan,
adamianis yofierebaSi cxovelur-mcenareuli da fizikur-nivTobrivi Tvisebebisa da saqcie-
lis wili sxvadasxvaa xolme _ gadaWarbebuli, uzomo saxiT warmodgenisas igi SemaSfoTebel,
Semzarav, SiSismomgvrel STabeWdilebas axdens.
II nawili
miuTiTeT romanis im monakveTebze, romlebSic, Tqveni azriT, personaJebis groteskuloba

gansakuTrebiT mkveTrad vlindeba; daasabuTeT, ratom fiqrobT ase.
498 nikolai hartmani (1882-1950) _ germaneli filosofosi

davaleba
akaki baqraZis da Salva amirejibis statiebis, komentaris gaTvaliswinebiT da `li-

teraturis arsenalSi~ mocemul msjelobaTa gamoyenebiT dawereT ese
`jayos xiznebis~ tragikomikuri mxatvruli samyaro da qarTuli sinamdvile.
paralelebi
usicocxlo da umaqnisi, realuri cxovrebisgan ganyenebuli sulierebis da Zlieri sasi-

cocxlo energiiT aRWurvili ubirobis, ukulturobis konfliqti tragikomikurad, grotes-
kulad aris gamosaxuli avstrieli mwerlis elias kanetis (1905-1994) romanSi `dabrmaveba~.
Cinuri kulturis mkvlevari peter kini wignebis samyaroSi ise cxovrobs, rogorc fantasti-
waikiTxoT
kur TavSesafarSi. am kacis cnobiereba mTlianad mwignobruli warmodgenebiT aris savse da

girCevT
garemos, socialur sinamdviles adekvaturad ver aRiqvams. is kanonzomierad xdeba Tavisi

msaxuri qalis, SemdgomSi ki colis da misi sayvarlis, saxlis darajis msxverpli _ es mtacebeli
cxovelebiviT uxeSi, sulierad da gonebrivad ganuviTarebeli, agresiuli da xarbi adamianebi
kins yovelnairad amcireben, Zarcvaven da sakuTari binidan agdeben, cdiloben mTavari saunje
_ biblioTeka gauyidon. kini am tlanqi Zalis Semotevis winaSe iseTive umweoa, rogoric kul-
tura aRmoCnda faSizmis Tu bolSevizmis mier darazmuli masis winaSe.
gamoiyeneT aq mocemuli informacia `jayos xiznebze~ msjelobisTvis.
II nawili
499
oTar CxeiZe
boriayi
fragmenti
romanSi 1924 wlis ajanyebaa mxatvrulad gar-

dasaxuli. romanis gmiri, axalgazrda musikosi ni-
ko areul droSi qarTlis Semovlas ganizraxavs
musikaluri folkloris nimuSebis Sesagroveb-
lad; specialurad Sedgenil rukaze moniSnuli
aqvs Tavadaznauruli ojaxebi, romlebic Canafiq-
ris xorcSesxmaSi unda daexmaron. damxvdurebs
igi Tbilisidan ajanyebis mosawyobad hgoniaT ga-
mogzavnili. am mcdar azrs daJinebiT amkvidrebs
nikos megzuri leko TaTaSeli. roca xelisufleba
maT cru braldebiT Seipyrobs, rukis SeTqmulebis
gegmad dasaxvas mravali `SeTqmulis~ sicocxle kadri filmidan àxalgazrda kompozitoris mog-
zauroba~; leko TaTaSeli _ gia feraZe; niko _
Seewireba... levan abaSiZe; reJisori _ giorgi Sengelaia
***
Zalas nu davatanT Wkuasa, muxls davatanoT Zalai, e gza male davkecoT da male moveqceT
sadme WerqveSa. Tumca amaze Cqari siarulic aRar SeiZleba, cotac Tu avuCqareT, sirbili ga-
mogviva da eWvebs veRarsaiT gaeqceva ori morbenali kaci am Ramiana. nu gegoneba, uTvalod
davrCeniliyvneT an uyuroda, nurc axla gegoneba, nurc nurasodesa. naTqvamic aris, tye uyuro
nu ggonia da mindori uTvaloo, naTqvamic aris da marTalic aris; hoda, raxan naTqvamic aris
da marTalic aris, cota ro movukloT, ukeTesi iqneba, vin uwyis, vin SegvefeTos da rad unda
vafiqrebinoT, e vin arian, saiT mieSurebiano. arc miveSurebiT, arc araferi gvedardeba, mov-
seirnobT da movmaslaaTobT, kargi saRamoa, unaRvelo saubari uyvars aseT saRamos. ramdenic
unda vinaRvloT, mainc verafers SevSliT gangebisagan awyobil wuTisofelSia… Cu!.. viRaca
mogvdevs fexdafexa. isic Tu SeCerda, aRar ismis… an egeba Cvenive Cqami momeCvena viRacis
fexis xmada?! nu gagikvirdeba, kaci Tu daSinda, imaze sacodavi aRaraferia; sxvagvarad Tu
vityviT, daSinebuli kaci da cxoveli aRarafriT ganirCeva erTmaneTisgana, xolo gacxove-
lebuli adamiani Tu ra iqneba, Sen TviTonve mixvdi, me amdeni axsna aRar momixerxdeba. ise, ar
ifiqro SiSi gahkarebodes Cems gulsa, ara, ar ifiqro, arc arasodes gahkarebia da arc gaekareba
arasodesa, axla mxolod SenTvis Sevfiqrianebulvar da amitom vixedebi ukan-ukana. SiSma uk-
nidan icis wamoparvai, pirdapir ar SegeCexeba, laCaria da pirispir Sexla imitomac ar SeuZlian;
laCaria da Tu wamogepara, Tu dagijabna, morCa, veRaraferi gixsnis; dro Tu gixelTa, laCarze
mZvinvari, saSineli, gautaneli arca yofila, arc iqneba, da rac ram ubedureba datrialebula
am qveynada, laCarTagan datrialebula. me ase miTqvams da me leko TaTaSels miwodeben anu rac
miTqvams, WeSmariti mibrZanebia, magram Tu aravisa sjera, vai imaTa, ima urwmunoTa, Torem me
rao, me ras davkargav, ra gamaCnia? arc araferi, raca var, esa var da rac gamaCnia, Tan mabadia.
II nawili
wavideT! Cu!.. ra vqna, ra aris, mogvyveba vinme Tu Cveni fexis xmaa, ha?! iyos, rac unda iyos,
mogvyves Tu mogvdevs, xolo Tu Cvenive Cqamia, cota ufro frTxilad viaroT da Camogvcildeba,
dagvanebebs Tavsa. viaroT, aba!..
500 boriayi _ qarisgan haerSi datrialebuli mtveri

***
leko Tamadobda da leko Tvreboda… daTvra. da raxan daTvra, veRarc adgilze moisvenebda,
acuncrukdeboda. hoda, acuncrukda, axta, daxta, irinesa da meris Sua Caxta. myisve wamodgnen
isini, guranduxtma aniSna da wamodgnen, Tavi daukres lekosa, gamoemSvidobnen, gafrTxial-
dnen… amRvreuli Tvalebi mimoatara lekoma, kvlavac unda amxtar-damxtariyo, Jini amRvre-
oda, survili amRvreoda, verc imdeni gaebedna, gahkideboda gasulebsa, TiTebi exlarTeboda,
exvlanjeboda amRvreul TvalebTana, TiTqos Tvalebi unda amoiyaros an Rawvebi Camoixokoso,
magram arc mihkarebia arca TvalTa, arca Rawvebsa, muStebad Sehkra is daxvlanjuli TiTebi da
iyvira, jer ho mTavari sadRegrZeloebi arc miTqvamso.
_ brZane… _ gamoepasuxa guranduxti.
_ me axla viwyeb, _ rixianad ganacxada lekoma, ganacxada da gadmokarkla Tvalebi, TiTqos
dabeWda Tavisi naTqvamio, _ aqamdis rac mogaxseneT, is ho iyo da iyo, amieridan rasac getyviT,
ai, is iqneba, rac iqneba… gaigoneT qebai beqasi, male ro gamova Tavisi cixe-simagridana, zarebs
Camohkravs da gvauwyebs aRdgomasa. ukve martod aRar iTvleba, ager Cveni stumari, es mokrZa-
lebuli ymawvili amoudgeba mxarSi…
_ batono leko!.. _ niko wamoiWra, vedrebis xma aRmoxda da xelebic ganiwoda vedrebisada.
_ nu geSinian, _ daamSvida lekoma. _ aq ucxo aravin aris, nu geSinian, me leko TaTaSels
miZaxian da imitomac miZaxian leko TaTaSelsa, ro uadgilo adgilas araferi wamomcdeba, aq
iTqmis da mec vambob, Tu ra movaleoba dagkisrebia, ra movaleoba agviRia kisrada. diax, agviRia,
radgan mec SenTana var, mec TqvenTana var da me vici, sad ra unda vTqva…
_ batono leko!
_ damacade!
_ veRar dagacdi…
_ damacdi!
_ vera!..
_ maS, aha, Sena Tqvi, SenTvis damilocnia es jixvi… _ aswia orive xeliTa da gauwoda; an raRa
aweva undoda, isedac gulis kovzamdisa swvdebeoda.
_ umagisod vityvi. tyuilia, ar aris marTali, raRac gaugebrobaa, ar vici rada, ar vici
risgana, me arafer SuaSi ara var, saamiso sababi aravisTvis ar mimcia, rad momaxvies Tavze, ar
vici, an ra momaxvies, geficebiT, arc es gamegeba, me mxolod simRerebis Sesakrebad Camovedi!..
_ jixvi CamomarTvi…
…Cems garSemo iqmneba raRac zRaprebi, daujerebeli ambebi…
_ sasmisimeTqi… jixvimeTqi… ise rogor iqneba leko TaTaSelis sufrazeda?..
_ …daujerebeli ambebi… batono leko unda mSvelodes, unda gamifantos es zRaprebi,
magram eg piriqiT…
_ kmara!
_ ara! me giTxari, bolosdabolos mtkiced unda movilaparakoTmeTqi…
_ mec giTxari da adgilic davTqviT… aq sufraa, sadRegrZeloebia, me axla viwyeb da vinc
ar dadumdeba, Rvinos Sevasxam saxeSi…
_ leko! _ xmas auwia guranduxtma.
_ maS gaCumdes… _ molba lekoi.
_ gavCumdebi, oRond icodeT, ro mxolod simRerebis Sesakrebad Camovedi.
_ keTili… viTomca gvjera… egre iyos, me vsvam beqas sadRegrZelosa… _ da ganagrZo qeba
beqasi anu ra ganagrZo, Zneli gasameorebelia, radgan aq iyo aRreuli qeba sxvaTadasxvaTaca,
II nawili
gansakuTrebiT sakuTari Tavisa; mogonebanic iyo, mogonebani sxvaTadasxvaTa, gansakuTrebiT

mogonebani sakuTari Tavgadasavalisa. es Tavgadasavali gmiruli gaxldaT, ra Tqma unda, TviTon
yovelTvis mxsneli iyo, cxadia, da cxadze ucxadesia; kidev raRac-raRaceebi gamoereoda TviT-
qebasa Tu TviTaRtacebasa, bodvismagvari gamoereoda da bolos mTlad bodvad iqca. tortma-
nebda sityva, tortmanebda kaci, tortmanebda yanwi, romelic didi xania aRaravis daecala, an 501
arc aravis daecala arasodesa, xolo wvalebiT aqamdisac bevrs ewvalebina, kidevac bevri gaaw-
valebda amieridana… oRond jer isev lekos epyra xelTa, dahyurebda lalisfer, atortmane-
bul Rvinosa, dahyurebda da bodavda, xolo sabodvari ro daelia, rogorRac gamosTqva mka-
fioda, Tu gamoamtvria kbilebSi, ise mteri dagecaloTo, rogorc es davcaloo, gamoamtvria
da daewafa; ho, egona davewafeo, egona, Torem CamoiRebda, radgan erTi ylupi Tu yelSi gadas-
dioda, danarCeni eRvreboda mxrebzeda, gulzeda, ortotad eRvreboda, ubec evseboda, mklav-
ze ho mohxveoda da mohxveoda grilada. dioda ase, dioda sam Rarada, erTi yelSia, ori mxreb-
zeda, dioda da TiTqos arc araferi akldeboda, modgafunobda, motortmanebda, moRelavda,
mobutbutebda, mere isev daidgafunebda, gadaeRvreboda cxvirpirzeda, Tvalebs amouvsebda,
daiwivlebda nestoebSia, dioda kideva, mohqroda, mohqonda suni Soreuli mRvimeebisa, Sore-
uli da grili mRvimeebisa, iseTive grili, TviTon ro iyo, Rvinos ro undoda mcxunvare dReebSi
Sesanaxada; mohqonda suni, mohqonda sigrile da idumaleba, modgafunebda, mobutbutebda,
dioda mxrebzeda, yiWyiWebda yelSi… dabrunda, datrialda jixvi, aRarca dgafunio, aRarca
butbutio, aRarca yiWyiWio, aRarca idumaleba Soreuli, grili mRvimeebisa, mxolodRa brunva
daeufla jixvsaca, kacsaca. datrialda, datrialda Werica, iatakica, magida avida Werzeda,
Tavdayira gadmohxedes guranduxtmaca, gulqanmaca, mere TviTon moeqca Wersa, qvemodan niko
evedreboda, Camodio, ar Camovardeo, xmas aRar gagcemo, aRar agixirdebio, mere… aRaraferi
daunaxavs, aRaraferi mosCvenebia, daaskda iataksa, yanwma daitana, daesvena gulzeda da kvlav
Cahbutbutebda siyvaruliTa, Cahbutbutebda, oRond amas aRar gaegeboda arca butbuti Zve-
lisZveli jixvisa, arca sigrile idumali mRvimeebisa, aRar iyo wuTisoflisa… idga lalisferi
gube, iwva lalisfer gubeSia.
***
avardniliyo didroni Wiakokonebi, alsa da naperwkals aexia Caqufruli Rame. xmebic ga-
ismoda Semzaravi, moulodneli, ucnauri. sabediswero xanZris alze fericvalobis taZaric
amogizgizda sisxlisfrada, anu daiklakna sisxlis RvediviTa, daiklakna, daizniqa, daigrixa,
rogorc ram Jini maradiuli wyurvilisa, sisxlis wyurvilisa. Tvalebi daxuWa leko TaTaSelma,
SeaJriala da daxuWa Tvalebi.
SeuZaxes; umata sirbilsa, gaeSva, gafrinda oTxamoRebiTa; maSin win uyeles, xeli gaavles,
kidevac wauTaqes, kondaxic uTavazes da panRuric rodiRa daukliaT; moicaTo, mainc iZaxda,
mainc fexs iTrevda, niko ra iqnao, ar wamogvyvebiT uimisodao; aravin mougebda arc ro arafersa,
arc ikiTxavdnen, niko Tu vinaa, eg viRas tikitomara ariso, ise miaTrevdnen, amasa cxadia, mi-
aTrevdnen da miafxowialebdnen. ara nebdeboda egre adviladaca, arc ikiTxavda, vina brZande-
biT, anTu ra gnebavT mainc Cemganao, kaci davkargeo, amasRa naRvlobda, mxolod amasa, mapovnineT
da Tqvens xelTa viqnebio. Cvens xelTaca xar, Cveni saqmisac Cven ukeT viciTo, ufroc uTaqes
da ufroc daiTries, daiTries da atares egre, anTu aTries xanZris Suqzeda, aTries da sadRac
Seagdes, da, ro gaisma amisi bragvani, miknavebuli xmac ahyva maSinve, _
_ batono leko…
biWos, aqa xaro, SesZaxa lekomaca, SesZaxa ise aRtacebiTa, ai da ahaa wamofrindebao, oRond
Zlivas wamoiwia, wamoiwia da moxvda kideva, gaudgafuna TavSi raRacama, winwklebi gascvivda
Tvalebidana.
magas raRas erCiT uRmerToebo, stumariao, es mainc amoTqva leko TaTaSelma da saca amoT-
qva, CasTqva iqaveo, imdeni mohxvda da ise mohxvdao; TaTaSelic moego gonsa. niko Tu nikuSac
iqave egdo, stumari igi raRa Tqma unda, mogzauri igi iqave egdo, erTad eyarnen da dasZaxodnen
II nawili
erTadveca cofmoreulni:
_ Tqven gaaCaReT cecxli!..
_ Tqven gaZarcveT taZari!..
_ Tqven astexeT SfoTi!..
_ Tqven dahRvareT sisxli!..
502
_ Tqvena… Tqvena… Tqvena!..
_ vin dagavalaT?..
_ moTave vinaa?..
_ kidev vin gaxldaT?..
_ ra iqmnen sxvani?..
_ sad ikribebian?..
_ sad gelodebian?..
_ ra uyaT iaraRi?..
_ iaraRi!..
_ …aaaaaaaaa…
Semzaravi kvnesac gaisma da iyvira lekomaca, mainc iyvira: vina ggonivarTo, vinc unda ge-
gonoT, magas mainc CamoexseniT, Cemi stumaria, Tavs davdeb Cemi stumrisTvisao; keTili da
patiosanio, dasdeb da dasdeo, da misdgnen imasa, Tavis wiladaca, stumris wiladaca, misdgnen
ulmoblada, Seuwynareblada, ro arc ifrTxilebdnen, emand xelSi ar Semogvakvdeso, aRarc
ufrTxoda sikvdils aravina, aRarc ukvirda aRaravisa, gaadvilebuliyo, gaxSirebuliyo, ga-
ubraloebuliyo yvelaferi. _ odes vardi gaiafdes, arRa Rirdes arc Cirado, erTxel ro Tqmu-
liyo, vardze ro Tqmuliyo, sikvdilzedac gamodgeboda, yvelaferze gamodgeboda, ase iyo
da ase yofiliyo _ gakiduliyo bewvis xidze axla lekoi. sikvdilis gzaze gakiduliyo… aR-
moxdeboda suli uTuoda, adre Tu gvian aRmoxdeboda suli igi, naTeli suli da mierTvoda
maradiul sasufevelsa, _ aseTi yofiliyo bedi wamebulisa, gmiris bedi aseTi yofiliyo, bedi
diadi, bedi naTeli; oRond manamde unda scodnodaT, ho unda scodnodaT, Tu vin ewama Tu rad
ewama, _ unda scodnodaT, unda gaerkviaT usaTuoda raRa Tqma unda, Torem rasac Tu axla swa-
mebdnen, is ver Semosavda sidiadiTa, sicrue gaxlda, ver Semosavda sidiadiTa… ase gmiroba ar
irwmuneboda, mowameoba ar irwmuneboda, _ ar daecemoda wminda naTeli, Suqi naTeli zenaarsisa;
ar daecemoda da arc dastovebda wuTisofelsa, ara, ise ar dastovebda, da uarobda raRa Tqma
unda, Zalas moikrebda saamisoda, ukanasknelsa, usasoosa, magram rac iyo, Zalad iTqmoda, isev
Zalada da Sedavebada:
_ Tqven gaZarcveT taZari!..
_ aaaaaaaaaarrraaaaaa…
_ Tqven daRvareT sisxli!..
_ aaaaaaaaaarrraaaaaa…
_ Tqven waukideT cecxli!..
_ …aaaaaaaaaarrraaaaaaa…
aqamde iTqmoda Sedavebada, mere Seicvala, uceb Seicvala da ro miayares imdeni kiTxvani,
igive kiTxvani, isevdaiseva:
_ vin wagaqezaT?..
_ ra gangizraxavT?..
_ vin aris moTave… sad aris moTave?..
_ ra iqnen sxvebi?..
_ sad gelodebian?..
yvelafers getyviTo, daTanxmda isica, uceb daTanxmda, oRond suli momaTqmevineTo. ahaa
da moiTqvi sulio, wyali daasxes, daaTqriales. asxamdnen manamdeca wyalsa, civcivsa, civwyaros
wyalsa, da orTqli asdioda gavarvarebul sxeulsa, egdo WonWyoSi da orTqli asdioda, SiSxi-
nebda da asdioda orTqli, TiTqos iwrTobao, rkina iwrTobao Tu foladio, es sulerTia raRa
Tqma unda; varvarebdnen ro isinica, gadaisxamdnen wyalsa isinica, civwyaros wyals gadaisxam-
dnen Tu Caisxamdnen pirSi da orTqli piridan amosdiodaT, cecxli piridan amosdiodaT, Sxi-
II nawili
odnen ufro, qSinavdnen ufro, ufro metadac daqanculiyvnen. lekos daqancvac aRar SeeZlo,
aqeT aRar iyo, aRarc ra SeeZlo saaqaoi; aqeT ar iyo da arc iqiT iyo, zeaRetana mowamebriv
mxurvalebasa, an ai ahaa, unda aRetana, Jami damdgariyo ganSorebisa, ai ahaa, Camoibertyavda
mtversa ama qveynisaTa, aRapyrobda TvalTa, aRapyrobda da amaRldeboda, avidoda RrubelTa
503
zeda da mierqmoda maradiul sasufevelsa, maradiulsa da Tavisasa, rameTu arca yofiliyo
miwieri aqamdisaca, movleniliyo adamianTa codvis gamosasyidada… da cialebda Suqi wmindai,
amodioda Suqi igi wamebulisa, Tavs dasdgomoda Saravandica, macxovris Tavze ro exila ekle-
siebSi, Tavs dasdgomoda:
_ vin iyo moTave?..
_ is Tqvens xelTaa…
_ Sena?..
_ diaxac!..
_ ha, ha, ha…
_ diax!.. diaxac!..
_ ra iqnen sxvebi?..
_ me var sxvebica, me var… me var sxvebica…
_ ha, ha, ha…
_ me var erTi da me var sxvebica…
_ ha, ha, ha…
_ getyviT, agixsniT, damacadeT, yvelafers getyviT, _ da wamoiwia Tu gamoxoxda, gamoSorda
ima WonWyosa, verc gamoSorda, mSralze idayvebi gamoitana, weli veRara, ver miadevna, asTreoda
weli, _ getyviT da gamigebT, Tqven gamigebT, getyviT WeSmaritsa… WeSmarits getyviT… mkvle-
lobisas ara, Zarcvisas ara, xanZrisas ara, me eg ar vici, me sxva vici da sxvas mogaxsenebT; me
leko gaxlavarT, leko TaTaSeli!.. me damakisra gangebama movaleoba uuuuuuuudidesi, gangebam
damakisra… me leko var, leko TaTaSeli, saqmenni Cemni ro gamomaCenen, ciliswameba ro ver
momereva, cudad ro mainc ar Caivlis es ganwiruli suliskveTeba, _ leko varmeTqi; aha, giTxariT
ho yvelaferi, leko varmeTqi, me var moTave gamosvlebisa, ajanyebis moTave me var, oRond
esaa, ver movaswari, ver dagaswariT, Tqvenma imarjva, me Tqvens xelTa var. egec Tqvens xelTaa,
Cemi imedi da marjvena xeli, oRond nu awamebT, eg ver gauZlebs, magis wilic me momTarjeviT;
an me raRao, agera vfqvav da arc aras davfarav, Camovfqvav bolomdisa, mxolod miTxariT,
kidev ra gnebavT!.. me var da egaa, gvimuxTla bedma, saqmec Cavarda raRa Tqma unda, mogvizReT
Cveni, arc gveSinian Cveni xvedrisa, ar dagvrCenia aRaraferi ama qveynada, es me velodi, es me
vivlidi, me wavaqezebdi, gesmiT? gesmiT?.. me wavaqezebdi, ha, ha, ha… me wavaqezebdi da Tqvens
xelTa var, me davcemulvar, ara viT satana, ara viT belzebeli, _ ara satana, ara belzebeli!.. me
davcemulvar, leko TaTaSeli, me Tqvens xelTa var, rukaca Cemi ho Tqvens xelTaa, _ Tqvens
xelTaa raRa Tqma unda, Cemi ruka damidasturebs, mowmei Cemi, mowme mowamisa; me Sevadgine,
martodmartoma, me gamovTvale, me davazuste, aravin garioT Cems meti aqa; ra vuyoT Tu magas
upovneT, Cemi Segirdia, Cemi meabjrea, me mivabare, me var yvelaferi… me var yvelaferi… yve-
laferi me var!.. da Tqvens xelTa var me yvelaferi; axla Tqven iciT, gadamiwyviteT, rac ro
mekuTvnis, momizReT xvedri, rogoric geneboT, oRond koconi ar gadamiwyvitoT, arc daxvreta
ar gadamiwyvitoT: momkveTeT Tavi, meti ra gindaT?! momkveTeT Tavi da SemoatareT mTlad
saqarTveloi, sxva araferi, sxvas aras gTxovT, da aRmisrulebT kidevaca raRa Tqma unda, esaa
Cemi bolo survili, sikvdilmisjilis bolo survili da aRmisrulebT raRa Tqma unda, ha, ha,
ha… _ aq cota kidev wamoiwia, cota, sul cota aiWima, _ ha, ha, ha… iguleT suli, tanjuli suli,
suli Cemi, xalxno da jamaaTno, marad TqvenTana!.. _ SesZaxa kideva Tu ram SeeZlo, oxvrac moa-
devna da esec moadevna oxvrasa, _ es Tavis mokveTis win unda meTqva, viTom ar miTqvams, mere
vityvi… mere… _ da mowyda, ise davarda, lamis marTla ro damgvaneboda wamebulsa…
hoda davardao… eseni aRar misevian imave wuTsa, cotas Cafiqrdnen, cota moiazres, moi-
kiTxes Tu rac amoerTmiaT jibe-ubidana, moikiTxes, gadaxiles da marTla ar waawydnen i sasa-
cilo rukasa!.. waawydnen da ise gaixares, verafers ro ver Seadareb, gaixares da Caiqirqiles,
II nawili
anTu egebis imaTac ara, _ wyeulma bedma Tu Caiqirqila, wvrilada, wvrilada... xeli waavles
mere orTavesa, sadRac Sehyares, sadRac bnelSia, suniT Tu igrZnobdnen, boselSi movxvdiTo;
mogzauri hkicxavda lekosa, risxavda, SeaCvenebda, _ es ra hqeni, ra Caidineo, ram mogiara, ra
504
momTarjeviT _ marguneT
znem wamogkra, Tu ixumre da ra xumrobaa, Tu umtre visme, ase vis umtre, ase mrisxaneda, anTu me
mainc ras merCodio, ra SuaSi var, es ra moCmaxe, raSi gamrie, raRa mixsniso; uarhyav, rac Tqvi,
gons moege da uarhyavi, uarhyavi Se ubeduroo, CasZaxoda da TiTqos anjRrevda, oRond Zala ara
hyofnida, xmac aRarao, aRara hyofnida, _ mkvaxed naTqvami mkvaxed ar iTqmoda, CifCifad ismoda,
wuwunad ismoda, kvnesad ismoda da ar Caesmoda lekosa cxadia, mrisxane xmebic ro arad Caugdia,
ras gaigebda aba kvnesisas, ro avida, amaRlda, gaiSala da ganefina, _ raRas gaigebda?! dae amas
etira xmadabla, TavisTvisa, Tavisi Tavi gamoetira, arc ro aravin TanaugrZnobda, arc Rirsi ro
iyo, ro ver auba mxari moZRvarsa, ro ver ascilda mtversa cxovrebisa, ro ver daTrguna Jini
sicocxlisa, ukvdavebas ver eziara; egeba, mainc gamoerkves mere, imas ro warmosTqvams, im bolo
sityvebsa, xalxs qviTini ro aRmoskdeba, Tmas ro daibrdRvnis xalxi, TavSi waiSens, loyebs daif-
xotnis, _ gamoerkves egeba maSina, Jamsa ima amaRlebisasa, egeb gamoerkves, lekos amisTvis aRara
scalian, morCa siavesa ama soflisa, is eweva da emzadeba imisaTvisa. amaRlebisada…
1974
rogor mJRavndeba fragmentis pirvel monakveTSi epoqis socialur-fsiqologiuri

atmosfero.
rogor warmoCndeba aq leko TaTaSelis xasiaTi, misi emociebi, ganwyoba; riT aris
igi komikuri.
daaxasiaTeT leko nadimis scenis mixedviT _ ra Tvisebebs avlens igi, rogoria misi
qcevis da metyvelebis manera; rogor Cans lekos buneba nikosTan mis urTierTobaSi.
rogor warmoaCens lekos Sinagan arsebas misi damokidebuleba TavisuflebisTvis
mebrZoli patriotisadmi _ beqasadmi.
rogor fiqrobT, ra aris am scenaSi mxatvrulad gansakuTrebiT STambeWdavi; Tqveni
azri daasabuTeT.
imsjeleT, rogor ikveTeba epoqis xasiaTi fragmentis bolo monakveTSi.
rogor amJRavnebs aq lekos xasiaTs misi fiqrebi da qceva; imsjeleT lekos mier
Tavisi Tavis ajanyebis meTaurad gamocxadebis fsiqologiur motivebze.
Tqveni azriT, rogoria avtoris damokidebuleba lekos saqcielisadmi da rogor
aris es damokidebuleba gamoxatuli.
Tqven rogor SeafasebT lekos saqciels _ amarTlebT Tu ar amarTlebT mas da ratom.
imsjeleT lekos saxis tragikomizmze.
SeadareT leko daviT kldiaSvilis personaJs kiriles _ imsjeleT maT msgavseba-
gansxvavebaze.
citata
geronti qiqoZe
wignidan `Tanamedrovis Canawerebi~

II nawili
`saqarTvelos sabWoTa mTavroba erTxans meryeobda kompromisis politikasa da mkacr Ro-

nisZiebebs Soris.
erTma Cekistma, gvarad obolaZem, guriaSi mravali social-demokrati glexi daaWerina
da daaxvretina. rodesac is dRisiT lexouridan, sadac mraval saxls misi gankargulebiT cec-
505
xli hqonda wakidebuli, asi SeiaraRebuli mxedris amaliTurT ozurgeTSi brundeboda, etlSi
Seuvarda yofili gvardieli gogia Rlonti, romelic coliT tyeSi iyo gavardnili, mokla
obolaZec da mis gverdiT mjdomi oficeric, da uvneblad miimala. amis sapasuxod sagangebo
komisiam daxvrita oTxmocamde kaci, umTavresad soflis maswavleblebi, romelTac arc obo-
laZisa da arc Rlontis saxeli da gvarebi gagonili ar hqondaT. am mkacrma RonisZiebam Seanela
mTavrobis sawinaaRmdego individualuri terori.
cota xnis Semdeg sabWoTa mTavrobis sawinaaRmdego brZolam ufro organizebuli xasiaTi
miiRo. saqarTveloSi farulad Camovidnen noe Jordanias mTavrobis yofili wevrebi da emis-
rebi, noe xomeriki, benia CxikviSvili, valiko juReli da sxvebi; TbilisSi Sedga egreT wode-
buli paritetuli komiteti, romelSic social-demokratebsa da nacional- demokratebs garda
upartio samxedro pirebic Sediodnen. noe xomeriki, benia CxikviSvili da juReli xalxSi xmas
avrcelebdnen, safrangeTi da inglisi mzad arian saqarTvelos mxari dauWiron sabWoTa xeli-
suflebis winaaRmdeg, mxolod elian, rom Taosnoba TviT qarTvelma xalxma gamoiCinos da
ajanyeba daiwyoso. samiveni datusaRebulebi iqnen, sanam ajanyeba daiwyeboda. juReli Sedrka
da satusaRodan weriliT mimarTa SeTqmulT, sadac atyobinebda, sabWoTa mTavrobisTvis cno-
bili yofila SeTqmulebis yoveli detali da girCevT Tavi SeikavoTo. am werilma, romelic
gazeTebSi gamoqveynda, didi arev-dareva da SeSfoTeba Seitana SeTqmulTa rigebSi, xolo TviT
juRels veraferi uSvela. is daxvretili iqna noe xomeriksa da benia CxikviSvilTan erTad,
romelTac ukan ar dauxeviaT da, rogorc amboben, vaJkacurad Sexvdnen sikvdils.
miuxedavad meTaurebis datusaRebisa, 1924 wlis agvistos ajanyebam sakmaod farTo masStabi
miiRo. gansakuTrebiT Zlieri gamosvlebi moxda dasavleT saqarTveloSi, sadac ajanyebulebma
adgilobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi daatusaRes. radgan safrangeTis da inglisis
daxmarebis imedi fuWi aRmoCnda, pirveli dReebis aRtacebas amboxebulTa rigebSi Cqara gulis
gatexa mohyva da moZraoba ganelda. sabWoTa xelisuflebis represiebs iseTive stiqionuri
xasiaTi hqonda, rogoric amboxebulTa moqmedebas. Tumca am ukanasknelT adgilobrivi xeli-
suflebis wevrebi arsad sikvdiliT ar dausjiaT da isini uvneblad gamovidnen satusaRoebidan
da Tavlebidan, damsjeli eqspediciebi mkacrad gauswordnen mowinaaRmdegeebs. samegreloSi
da zemo imereTSi, sadac gansakuTrebiT Zlieri gamosvlebi moxda, didZali SeTqmuli da ara-
saimedo elementi daxvrites da gadaasaxles.
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi sabWoTa mTavrobis sawinaaRmdego moZraobas nakleb masobrivi
xasiaTi hqonda. amisda miuxedavad, ganadgurebul iqna TiTqmis mTeli qarTl-kaxeTis Tavadaz-
nauroba, metismetad daRlili da inertuli, raTa raime politikur moZraobaSi aqtiuri mo-
nawileoba mieRo. daiRupa agreTve qarTveli oficrobis didi umravlesoba, romelic nawi-
lobriv SeTqmulebaSi iyo Cabmuli, an mas aSkarad TanaugrZnobda, xolo nawilobriv yovelive
politikis gareSe idga. paritetuli komitetis da misi samxedro organizaciis wevrebi TiT-
qmis gamouklebliv daatusaRes TbilisSi da Sio mRvimis monasterSi gamoketes. ilia WavWavaZis
diswuli, qarTl-kaxeTis Tavadaznaurobis yofili marSali kote afxazi, romelic samxedro
organizacias meTaurobda, jer kidev ajanyebis dawyebamde daatusaRes. dakiTxvis dros man
Turme raindulad aRiara, sabWoTa mTavrobis winaaRmdeg vmuSaobdi da arasodes mas ar Sevu-
rigdebio. is dauyovnebliv daxvrites 23 sxva SeTqmulTan erTad.
saerTod SeTqmulebma meti romantizmi gamoiCines, vidre saRi politikuri goniereba. am
romantizmis gansaxierebas warmoadgenda kaxel ajanyebulTa beladi qaquca ColoyaSvili, sa-
xelovani biZina ColoyaSvilis STamomavali; is didxans awarmoebda vaJkacur brZolas sabWoTa
mTavrobis winaaRmdeg, Semdeg ki, rodesac darwmunda, rom mis partizanul moqmedebebs aravi-
Tari perspeqtiva ar hqonda, Tavisi razmiT TurqeTSi gadavida, xolo iqidan parizSi...~
II nawili
imsjeleT, rogor gaiazrebs geronti qiqoZe 1924 wlis ajanyebas, rogor damokidebulebas
amJRavnebs mis mimarT.
imsjeleT, ramdenad emTxveva ajanyebis geronti qiqoZiseul aRqmas da Sefasebas `boriaySi~
gamoxatuli Tvalsazrisi am movlenaze.
506
paralelebi
alber kamiu
wignidan `meamboxe adamiani~

gaborotebas, boRmas zustad axasiaTeben rogorc sakuTari Tavis mowamvlas, uZlurebis
Sxamis xangrZliv gamoyofas da dagubebas daxuful WurWelSi. amboxi am WurWels gamoamtvrevs
da damyayebul siTxes aboboqrebuli wylis talRebad gardaqmnis. boRma pasiuri bunebisaa,
amboxs ki energiis siWarbe da moqmedebis wyurvili asazrdoebs...
individi, romelic mzadaa mokvdes Tavisi meamboxuri swrafvis aRsasruleblad, Tavs
msxverplad wiravs raRacisTvis, rasac sakuTar bedze da ubedobaze aRmatebulad miiCnevs. Tu
mona janydeba, is janydeba yvela adamianis saxeliT, yvela adamianis gulisTvis. igi Tvlis,
rom arsebuli viTareba masSi Telavs raRac iseTs, rac adamianebisTvis saerToa, sayovelTaoa.
meamboxe Tavisi Tavisadmi pativiscemas moiTxovs imdenad, ramdenadac Tavs adamianTa modgmis
mTlianobasTan aigivebs.
meamboxuri miswrafeba mxolod sxva adamianebTan Tanaziarobis wyalobiT povebs gamarT-
lebas. amitom SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom nebismieri amboxi, romelic Tavs uflebas aZlevs uaryos
da daangrios adamianTa solidaroba, ukve aRarc aris amboxi da momakvdinebel oportunizmad
_ mowinaaRmdegesTan SemTanxmeblobad iqceva. Cven mudmivad unda vsvamdeT kiTxvas _ rCeba
meamboxuri azri Tavisi pirvandeli keTilSobilebis erTguli, Tu, piriqiT, iviwyebs mas daR-
lilobis an SeSlilobis mizeziT...
imsjeleT, rogor exmianeba avtoris Tvalsazrisi amboxis bunebaze, meamboxis mamoZrave-

bel impulsebze, mis mier àdamianTa solidarobis~ SesaZlo darRvevaze leko TaTaSelis saxes.
citataSi òportunizmi~ mowinaaRmdegesTan pirdapir SeTanxmebaze metad imas unda gu-
lisxmobdes, rom meamboxe uneblieT mowinaaRmdeges emsgavseba da Tavisi qceviT amkvidrebs
antihumanizms, romelsac ebrZoda; Tqveni azriT, ratom SeiZleba exebodes es lekos.
citata
naira gelaSvili
òTar CxeiZis stili TamaSiseuli, artistuli stilia. `TamaSi~ imiT vlindeba, rom xasia-
Tobrivad gamokveTili, uaRresad individualuri, Taviseburi, kolorituli mTxrobeli yve-
la Tavis ucnaur personaJze ufro ucnaurad iqceva. igi bavSvur sianceSerCenili brZenia,
romelsac qarTluri dialeqti àuCemebia~ da marto TviTon ki ara, misi yvela personaJic am
dialeqtiT metyvelebs: ara marto qarTlelebi anda qarTlSi dabadebulebi _ isinic, sul rom
ar exebian saqarTvelos am kuTxes. es gaxlavT mwerluri `Tavneboba~, àxireba~, gnebavT, siji-
ute, sabolood ki _ TamaSi, iumori, Tavisufleba, klasikurad `swori~ artaxebis dawyveta.
koSmari daZleulia iumoriT, am zemZlavri adamianuri saSualebiT _ epoqis pirquS Rames
iumoris gamaararavebel prizmaSi aqucmacebda oTar CxeiZis epiuri Wogri, iumoriT uZlebda
mas da maRldeboda masze, iumoriT, satkivris zRvas rom gadahfareboda~.
ra ganasxvavebs dialeqtis gamoyenebas oTar CxeiZis mier literaturaSi dialeqtizmebis

Cveulebrivi gamoyenebisgan.
II nawili
SearCieT `boriayis~ fragmentis romelime Sesaferisi monakveTi da gaarkvieT, konkre-

tulad rogor iyenebs mwerali enobriv saSualebebs komikuri efeqtis misaRwevad.
imsjeleT, ramdenad da ratom SeuZlia iumors cxovrebiseuli siZneleebis Semsubuqeba,
adamianisTvis Tavisuflebis gancdis miniWeba.
507
rezo WeiSvili
biWikos avadmyofobis istoria
ar vici ratom, magram Tavs movaled vracx davwero

es istoria. medicinaSi da sociologiaSi gaurkveveli
kaci SevZleb ki amas? sxvas rom Tavi davaneboT, biWikos
faqtiurad arc ki vicnobdi. me maxsovs mxolod im kacis
sikvdili da misi cxovrebis bolo, uintereso wlebi,
romlebmac ise usixarulod Caiara.
zafxulis mSvenieri, mTvariani Ramea. iseTi siwynare
sufevs, xidan farfatiT Camovardnili foTlis xmauric
ki ismis. kata saxuravze frTxilad gadarbis, gegonebaT,
kramitebis damtvrevis eSiniao.
biWiko ereTelis karze viRac akakunebs.
_ romeli xar?! _ ismis Sinidan mamakacis xma.
_ me var.
_ vin Sen?
_ tukvaZe.
`romeli tukvaZea awi?~ _ fiqrobs SeSinebuli da dabneuli maspinZeli da Tvalebs uazrod
acecebs, icvams. SuaRame gadasuli unda iyos. sadRac Sors udReuri mamali yivis. Ria fanjridan
mTvare imzireba. gareT CamiCumic mimwydara. biWiko am siCumes ayuradebs, gaurkveveli SiSiT
Sepyrobili, gaocebuli da ganerviulebuli misCerebia kars.
_ gaaRe, Tu kaci xar!.. _ Sinaurulad iZaxis viRac cota xnis Semdeg.
maspinZeli am xmas cnobs, verc cnobs, kars aRebs.
oTaxSi sqeli, maRali kaci Semodis daupatiJeblad.
_ gamarjoba Seni! _ ambobs igi.
_ gagimarjos, _ pasuxobs gaSterebuli biWiko.
sqel kacs, anda rogorc TviTon ganacxada, tukvaZes xakis kokordiani qudi axuria; grZeli,
bolomde Sekruli jibeebiani frenCi acia; welze xelebSemowyobili aTvalierebs iqaurobas
da mTvaris SuqiT afermkrTalebul oTaxSi midi-modis. maspinZeli icvams, aziuri Ceqmis yels
qaCavs zeviT, welze qamars irtyams.
_ rava xar, axla Sen? _ gverdulad ixedeba tukvaZe.
biWiko xmas ar iRebs.
stumari kedelze xels afaTurebs. eleqtronis Suqi abJRrialebs oTaxs. Ria fanjridan
Semosuli mumli naTuras awydeba. biWiko uecrad movardnil sinaTles ver uZlebs, Tvalebs
xuWavs, Semdeg nela axels. mis win mainc tukvaZe dgas. papiross iRebs da odnav akankalebuli
xeliT idebs pirSi. tukvaZe frenCis ganier jibeSi raRacas aCxakunebs da anTebuli benzinis
kvesi maspinZlis cxvirTan miaqvs. biWiko papiross ukidebs, mSviddeba. tukvaZe kvess jibeSi
inaxavs, xelebs isev welze iwyobs.
_ sxva xom aravin gyavs, biWo, saxlSi?
_ or oTaxSi mdgmurebi midgas, aq me var, iqiT kidev carielia…
_ es viciT… _ Cailaparakebs tukvaZe da meore oTaxis kars fexs kravs. sibneleSi ixedeba,
magram Sig Sesvlas saWirod ar Tvlis. brundeba, sawer magidas dasCerebia, Tabaxis qaRaldebs
da fotosuraTebs uyurebs, xels arafers hkidebs.
II nawili
_ Caicvi da wamodi!
_ Cacmuli ara var, ase wamoval, rogorca var. _ daufiqreblad pasuxobs biWiko.
_ Caicvi mainc, yoveli SemTxvevisaTvis… _ cota xnis Semdeg ambobs tukvaZe.
kokorda, kokarda _ liTonis niSani formis qudze

508 frenCi _ samxedro yaidis, didjibeebiani qurTuki
_ wamoviRo rame? _ kiTxulobs biWiko da stumars misCerebia.
_ araferi ar ginda… _ Tvals aridebs tukvaZe.
biWiko galifeze da gadaSvebul xalaTze koverkotis pijaks moicvams, jibeSi papirosis
kolofs, asanTs, saaTs Caidebs da gasasvlelisaken gaemarTeba.
gareT gamodian. mTvare saxlis ukan dgas. xis kibeze ori grZeli Crdili wveba. ficari da
aziuri Ceqmebi WraWunoben siCumeSi. biWikos qudi xelSi uWiravs. welSi gamarTuli, odnav
ukan gadaqaCulic ki midis.
patara, sufTa ezoSi ramdenime kaci dgas landiviT. biWikos danaxvaze landebi axveleben,
ise ifantebian, TiTqos saseirnod iyvnen Semosulni. am daketil WiSkarSi ise rogor Semovidnen,
rom veraferi gavigeo, ukvirs biWikos.
quCaSi, Robeze gadmomdgari tyemlis xis CrdilSi, Savi èmadinia~ gaCerebuli. mgzavrebis
danaxvaze Soferi motors aTuxTuxebs. tukvaZe win jdeba, biWiko ukan. erTi kaci marjvnidan
miujdeba, erTi _ marcxnidan. erTi kaci ki saerTod uCinardeba da biWiko ver gebulobs, vin
iyo is kaci, saidan gaCnda da sad aorTqlda. manqana TavdaRmarTSi eSveba. biWiko ukacriel
quCas, Robe-mesers gadaavlebs Tvals, savarZelSi swordeba, tyavis sazurges awveba, gverdzec
aRar ixedeba, xmas ar iRebs. arc sxvebi laparakoben. biWikos ezoSi mdgmurebi gamosulan. yve-
laferi esmodaT Turme, yvelafers xedavdnen, magram gamoCenas ver bedavdnen. axla isini (Sa-
liko da vasiko) Sua ezoSi dganan, CurCuleben, xelebs Slian SeSinebulni da saqcielwamxdarni.
***
rodesac es ambavi moxda, biWiko ocdaCvidmeti wlis ucolo da udedmamo kaci iyo. igi
martodmarto cxovrobda mamiseul saxlSi. qvis dabali Senoba patara, koxta ezoSi iyo Cad-
gmuli. biWiko inJineri kaci gaxldaT. adre erTi didi eleqtrosadguris mSeneblobaze muSa-
obda, erT-erT sapasuxismgeblo ubans xelmZRvanelobda. eleqtrosadguris damTavrebis Sem-
deg im qalaqis mniSvnelovani samSeneblo obieqtis ufrosad gadaiyvanes. biWikos mTeli qalaqi
icnobda. biWiko modis, biWiko Cxubobs, biWiko qeifobs, biWikos Tavi gamouCenia, gazeTSi xa-
tiao _ mesmoda pataraobisas. bevrs ki ufro naTlad da garkveviT axsovs, rogor qeifobda
biWiko ereTeli oTxi etliT. etli maSin vis ukvirda, magram naqeifari biWiko Sin rom brun-
deboda, ubnis bavSvebi mtredis gundebiviT aviSlebodiT. mezoblebi, didi, patara, qali, kaci,
Robeebs moadgebodnen. gulgaReRili biWiko kofoze meetlis gverdiT ijda xolme, etlSi
misi qudi ido. meore, mesame etlSi amxanagebi isxdnen, meoTxeSi _ damkvrelebi iyvnen, Tu _
piriqiT, danamdvilebiT ver vityvi. TiTqos TvalnaTliv vxedav aqelebul, duJmoreul cxe-
nebs, tanze orTqli rom asdiodaT, floqvebs rom riyis qvebs scemdnen da naperwklebs ayrevi-
nebdnen. zurna-dolis WiWyinze biWiko etlidan gadmodioda, Zmakacebs eTxoveboda, cxens efe-
reboda. grZel winafrian keps ixuravda da piwkad, welSi gamarTuli Semodioda ezoSi. xelebs
zeviT swevda da mezoblebs esalmeboda. iRimeboda, oqros kbili mouCanda.
meore dRes, diliT biWikos grZlad dagorglili qaRaldebi, albaT naxazebi, iRliaSi hqon-
da amoCrili da samsaxurisaken miiCqaroda. xandaxan kvirauqme dResac manqana akiTxavda da
samuSaoze mihyavdaT. ambobdnen, sacole hyavs, male qorwils apirebso. albaT, marTali iyo,
magram qorwili aRar Semdgara, sxvaTa da sxvaTa mizezTa gamo.
axla getyviT, ra saerTo hqonda biWikos tukvaZesTan da vin iyo Tavad es tukvaZe. tukvaZes
zamTar-zafxul xakis gaxamebuli qudi Tvalebamde hqonda Camoweuli. warmosadeg, axovan kacs
msuqani, mrgvali saxe da Zalian patara Tvalebi hqonda. tyavis paltos icvamda, jibeebSi xeleb-
Cawyobili dadioda. sul axlaxan erTma darbaiselma kacma amixsna: im droso, roca kacs tyavis
palto ecva da xelebs jibidan ar iRebda, bevr rames niSnavdao. ratom niSnavda es bevr rames, ar
uTqvams. tukvaZec ase dadioda da misi eSinodaT kidec. ratomo? ikiTxavs axla viRac. am kiTxvaze
II nawili
pasuxis gacema Zneli ar aris, magram arc ise saWiro da sainteresoa, rogorc erTi SexedviT Cans.
tukvaZe da biWiko ymawvilkacobidanve icnobdnen Turme erTmaneTs. ar megobrobdnen, mag-
ram Tavdapirvelad im wreSi trialebdnen, sadac axalgazrdul Tavawyvetilobas, gulwrfe-
galife _ samxedro Sarvali, zemoT ganieri, qvemoT viwro

koverkoti _ Salis mkvrivi qsovili
509
lobas, samarTlianobas da mklavis Zalas fasi hqonda. tukvaZe tols aravis udebda, magram iq,
im wreSi biWiko pirvelobda, tukvaZe am ambavs ver urigdeboda da wyenas gulSi inaxavda. dros
Tavisi mihqonda, orTaveni Tav-TavianTi gziT midiodnen, muSaobdnen, cxovrobdnen, axalgaz-
rdul vnebebTan gamoTxoveba uWirdaT. tukvaZem ra gziT da rogor, axla amas mniSvneloba ara
aqvs, moulodnelad kariera gaikeTa, xalxis pativi, ridi da SiSi daimsaxura; biWikosa da misi
gzebic samudamod gaiyara. tukvaZe drodadro qalaqidanac ikargeboda, iSviaTad gailandeboda
xolme. Zvel sazogadoebas ki, rasakvirvelia, mTlianad Camoscilda. ambobdnen, Zalian mniS-
vnelovan, saqveyno saqmeebs akeTebso. biWiko ki Zveleburad, Tavisuflad, TiTqos udardelad
muSaobda da cxovrobda. saRamoobiT isev gamodioda baRis kideze da ZmakacebTan dgeboda.
tukvaZis danaxvaze, roca nacnobebi SeCoCqoldebodnen, eRimeboda kidec; erTi sityviT, tuk-
vaZes kacad aRar Tvlida da es iyo. gasawyveti Zafi ki mainc restoranSi gamwydara. rogor da
ranairad, amasac mogaxsenebT. cxadia, am ambavs piradad ar davswrebivar, magram erTma patio-
sanma pirovnebam dawvrilebiT miambo yvelaferi.
biWiko Turme ZmakacebTan erTad qeifobda. sufra Sua darbazSi hqoniaT gaSlili da iseT-
nairad yofilan eSxSi Sesulni, rom yvelas yuradRebas iqcevdnen. marjvnidan da marcxnidan
maT sufraze Rvinos agzavnidnen.
restoranSi moulodnelad tukvaZe Semosula. biWikos amxanagebs TavianT sufraze miupa-
tiJebiaT. tukvaZes uari uTqvams, dasajdomad ar mcalia, madlobeli varo da erT dabali tanis
kacTan erTad calke magidas misjdomia. es dabali, Savi kaci vin iyo, aravis codnia. orTaves
tyavis paltoebi ecvaT Turme. albaT, marTlac eCqarebodaT da gauxdelad SeukveTiaT saWmeli
da ori kvarti Rvinoc.
biWikos sufraze Tamada wamomdgara da tukvaZe udRegrZelebia, namdvili qarTveli raindi,
Cveni eris saamayo Svili brZandebiTo, uTqvams. danarCenebic wamomdgaran rigrigobiT. tuk-
vaZec wamomdgara da muxlze dadebuli kokordiani qudi gadavardnia. qudi patara kacs auRia
da skamze daudevs. tukvaZe madlobas ixdida Turme da madRegrZelebs aniSnebda, dajeqiT, nu
wuxdebiT, amdenad ar vRirsvaro. sul bolos biWikoc wamomarTula.
`ra Rirsia, magram qarTuli zrdiloba moiTxovs da fexze unda vidge mec, vnaxoT, erTi
ras metyviso~, _ gaufiqria tukvaZes. biWikos raRac uyviria. damkvrelebma Turme sacekvao
dascxes. biWikom Svidi kacis purmariliT savse magida kbilebiT aswia da icekvao. ase yofila
es saqme.
tukvaZe male wasula. rogorc amboben da axla mec vxvdebi, saSinlad gaubrazebia am gamox-
domas. es momxdara zustad im wlis ocdaor oqtombers. im kacs, vinc me es ambavi miambo, im dRes
vaJiSvili SeZenia, sufrac am RirsSesaniSnavi movlenis aRsaniSnavad yofiliyo gaSlili da es
TariRic ase zedmiwevniT imitom damaxsovrebia. im dRidano, ese igi ocdaori oqtombridan _
gazafxulamde tukvaZe TiTqmis yoveldRe varjiSobda mZime magidis kbilebiT awevaSio. nam-
dvilad ase iyo Tu ara, Zneli saTqmelia, Tumca daujerebelic araferia. es ase xdeba xolme.
magidis Zgides iWeren kbilebiT, erT-erT fexs ki ibjenen gulze da es aiolebs awevas, magram
amas iSviaTad axerxeben. es damokidebulia janmrTelobaze, codnaze, Zalaze da sxva faqto-
rebze, _ magidis simZimeze, purmarilis siuxveze rom araferi vilaparakoT.
Sua zafxuli iyo, roca biWiko waiyvanes. erTi ambavi meores ukavSirdeba, araferi umizezod
ar xdeba, magram am patara incidents da biWikos oficialur wayvanas Tu ayvanas SeiZleba arc
araferi saerTo aqvT erTmaneTTan. vin icis?
biWiko diliT, alionze movida Sin. im RamiT isev waiyvanes da Semdeg mTeli aTi dRe aRar
gamoCenila. iyo miTqma-moTqma da laparaki. aravin icoda, sad gaqra es kaci. da swored meTer-
Tmete dRes, roca misi dabrunebis imedic gadaewuraT, biWiko Sin movida. movida SuadRiT,
mzisiT. Tavdaxrili Sevida ezoSi, uxmod gaaRo kari da oTaxSi Caiketa. mezoblebma da mdgmu-
rebma dainaxes, rogor dagmana ojaxis patronma darabebi da mere karic aWeda Signidan. egonaT,
II nawili
im RamiTac waiyvandnen, magram mas Semdeg igi aRaravis Seuwuxebia.

daRamda, gaTenda. biWikos saxlis karze dakakunebac ki veravin gabeda. arc icodnen, hqondaT
Tu ara ufleba dalaparakebodnen im adamians, romelic ase saeWvod ikargeboda; umizezod
gadioda da Semodioda.
510 xanmokle TaTbiris Semdeg mdgmurebma kars miayures. biWiko oTaxSi bolTas scemda, ga-
dabmulad eweoda papiross da xmamaRla laparakobda, vis elaparakeboda, ras laparakobda,
Zneli gasarkvevi iyo. mdgmurebma mxrebi aiCeCes, erTmaneTs gadaxedes usityvod, usityvod
wavid-wamovidnen da mxolod momdevno dRes, SuadRiT, roca mixvdnen, rom saxlis patroni
aSkarad aRar apirebda gareT gamosvlas, isev dagmanul kars miakiTxes.
cxeloda. mdgmurebi Saliko da vasiko mzeSi idgnen, saxes xelisguliT iCrdilavdnen. sam-
xedro-savaldebulo samsaxurgamovlili, drouli studenti vasiko gabedulad avida xis da-
bal kibeze. meore mdgmuri, Saliko, didi yurebi rom hqonda, qvemoT darCa da pirdaRebuli
miaCerda amxanags. vasikom daakakuna.
_ romeli xar? _ moisma saxlidan.
_ me var, vasiko.
_ ra ginda?
_ gaaRe erTi kari, Tu kaci xar!
_ damacade erTi wuTiT…
gakvirvebulma vasikom Salikos gadmoxeda, Semdeg kibis moajirs zurgiT miawva, Tavi gver-
dze gadawia, saxe Takara mzes moarida da karga xani ase amnairad gaCerda. amasobaSi raRac aWri-
alda da gaocebulma mdgmurebma dainaxes, rom karis magivrad fanjara gaRebuliyo. fanjris
rafaze welSi waxrili maspinZeli Canda. igi gadmosaxtomad emzadeboda, Zirs ixedeboda da
cali fexiTa da xelebiT rafas dabjenoda. gamxdari da ferdakarguli Canda. vasikom verafriT
ver gaigo, ratom gadmodioda maspinZeli maincdamainc fanjridan. sulelurad gaicina da bi-
Wikos miesalma. meore mdgmurma ki iqve iazra, saqme mTlad kargad rom ar unda yofiliyo,
Zalian ki ar SeSinebia, magram, yovel SemTxvevisaTvis, kibis qveS SeZvra.
SuadRis kaSkaSa sinaTlem biWikos Tvalebi atkina. saxeze xelafarebuli Caxta Zirs, ori
didi qva aiRo da Tavwaxrili gaiqca. sanam mdgmurebi gaarkvevdnen, vis misdevda, manam Robes
eca, ori sari gaglija da mezobel ezoSi, sadac jvarmomtvreuli eklesia idga, yviriliT ga-
davarda.
_ tukvaZe, mogklav, Seni deda… mogklav, sad waxval, sad garbixar… tukvaZe, gaCerdi, Tu
vaJkaci xar!..
SeSinebuli mdgmurebi biWikos daedevnen. vasiko eklesiis ezoSic ki gadavida, Saliko or
sars Sua gainaba yurebis panturiT. galavanTan da WiSkarTan sxva xalxmac swrafad moiyara Tavi.
biWiko gacofebuli bdRvinavda da eklesias garSemo uvlida. eklesiaSi imJamad sursaTis
sawyobi iyo. sawyobis gamge, romelic damarilebul Tevzs wonida, kasrebs ukan daimala. marTa-
lia, gvarad tukvaZe ki ara, kekua iyo, magram ratomRac moeCvena, rom swored mas eZebdnen.
_ tukvaZe mogklav, sulerTia ver gadamirCebi!.. _ yviroda biWiko. Seusvenebliv darboda,
xandaxan aRsavlis karTan Cerdeboda, moulodnelad ukan brundeboda; TiTqos tukvaZes gzas
uWrida da meore mxridan ganagrZnobda rbolas. bevrs egona, marTlac viRac garbis da imalebao.
_ tukvaZe mogklav, Seni patroni deda… gamodi, Tu vaJkaci xar!.. _ Rrialebda biWiko da
saxeze ise iyo aparpalebuli, Tavis da kisris ZarRvebi ise hqonda daberili, ifiqrebdiT, sadacaa
afeTqdeba da namsxvrevebad daifantebao. Soriaxlo misvlasac ki veravin bedavda.
daaxloebiT erTi saaTi irbina da iyvira biWikom. Semdeg moulodnelad SeCerda, qvebi
gadayara da Tavis ezoSi Sevida. verc verafers uyurebda, verc veravis amCnevda. kibeze Camojda,
miwas daacqerda, mZimed sunTqavda, raRacas TavisTvis CurCulebda.
vasikom ezoSi Semosuli cnobismoyvare moqalaqeni WiSkargadaRma gadareka. nasiamovnebi
xalxic nela daiSala.
meore dRes, zustad imave dros iseTive ambavi ganmeorda.
amis Semdeg biWiko fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi waiyvanes. naeTsavebs da mdgmurebs eSino-
daT, winaaRmdegobas gagviwevso, magram biWikos xma ar gauRia, mSvidad Cajda etlSi, saavad-
myofoSi mSvidad mivida.
II nawili
biWiko saukeTeso eqimebma gasinjes. roca avadmyofma ramdenime uazro winadadeba war-
moTqva, erTma saTvalianma kacma kolegas gadaulaparaka: gonebis gafxviereba da aSkarad gamo-
xatuli autizmis niSnebi aqvso.
autizmi _ fsiqikuri daavadeba; sxva adamianebTan urTierTobis damyarebis unaris darRveva

511
biWiko metwilad dumda, araferi ar undoda, yvelafers erCia, Tavi daenebebinaT. miuxeda-
vad amisa, nawilobriv sxvebis, nawilobriv pacientis daxmarebiT àvadmyofobis istoria~, ro-
melic Cven yvelaze metad gvainteresebs, mainc Seivso.
avadmyofis istoria
avadmyofi . . . . biWiko vaxtangis Ze ereTeli.
wlovaneba . . . . 37
ganaTleba . . . . umaRlesi
erovneba . . . . qarTveli.
klinikaSi Semosvlis weli . . . . 193… w. 12 ivlisi.
anamnezuri cnobebi:
`deda _ diasaxlisi. saSualo ganaTlebis, RvTis moSiSi, mgrZnobiare qali. gardaicvala
ormoci wlis asakSi.
mama _ advokati. axalgazrdobaSi zomierad svamda. fizikurad janmrTeli, mSvidi. daiRupa
tragikulad.
avadmyofi mSoblebis pirveli da erTaderTi Svilia. dedam normalurad moilogina. maSebi
ar uxmariaT. ZuZumwovar bavSvs Rvinos ar asmevdnen. ZilSi ar yviroda. maRlidan ar gadmovar-
dnila. Tavi araferze ar miurtyams. sqesobrivad normalurad momwifda. swavlobda kargad.
gadatanili aqvs ybayura da yivana xvela. iyo jiuti. Tavmoyvare. advilad aRgznebadi. bavSvobaSi
orjer moelanda, rom saxlis saxuravze garboda Savi kata, romelsac kudze cecxlovani burTi
hqonda gamobmuli. bavSvi SeSinda. es suraTi ZilSi Cayva, karga xani daamaxsovrda. dardobda,
krToda, dawolisas sabans Tavze wamoixuravda da gvianobamde ar eZineboda.
...veneriuli sneuleba ar gadautania. ybayurisa da yivana xvelis garda raRac infeqciuri
sneulebac Sehyria Zalian adre, magram kerZod ra, aRar axsovs. yovel SemTxvevisaTvis, ybayuraze
da yivana xvelaze metad arc im sens Seuwuxebia. uyvarda Sroma, qeifi, amxanagebi. eweva Tambaqos.
TviTmkvlelobis cda, bodviTi ideebi, kritikis daqveiTeba, gadaWarbebuli mxiaruleba, an
dardianoba ar SeuniSnavT. samsaxurSi axasiaTeben, rogorc gulisxmier, saqmian, avtoritetul
adamians. iTvleba Tavisi saqmis saukeTeso specialistad. amxanagebs gamorCeviT uyvarT, afa-
seben. rogorc irkveva, mis garSemo myof xalxs advilad imorCilebs da Tavisi gavlenisa da
zemoqmedebis sferoSi aqcevs. miuxedavad amisa, igi zogjer ucnaurad iqceoda, kabinetSi ike-
teboda saaTobiT, laparakobda marto, SeSinebuli da SemkrTali gamodioda gareT. maSin am
ambavs Turme yuradRebas ar aqcevdnen.
aris maRali, swori agebulebis. ZvalkunTovani sistema kargad aqvs ganviTarebuli. myesTa
refleqsebi cocxali da Tanabaria. Tvalis gugebis deformacia ar SeiniSneba. aqvs gaSlil TiTTa
zerele tremori (kankali) da xangrZlivi dermografizmi.
orientirebulia rogorc droSi, ise garemoSi da sivrceSi. icis, rom klinikaSia, magram
ar icis, ra tipis samkurnalo dawesebulebaa, Tumca aqve unda iTqvas, rom igi sruliad izoli-
rebulia da avadmyofebTan araviTari kontaqti ara aqvs. wuxs, RamiT cudad sZinavs. SekiTxvebze
uxalisod pasuxobs. laparakobs nawyvet-nawyvet. ixsenebs warsuls garkveviT, Tumca areul-
dareulad; ambebis da faqtebis Tanamimdevrobas ver icavs. Tavs avadmyofad ar Tvlis. Zalian
ukvirs, roca am saganze saubari Camovardeba. daaxloebiT SuadRisas igi cofdeba da misi gaka-
veba TiTqmis SeuZlebelia. Zalian agresiuli xdeba. axsenebs viRacis gvars…~ vin aris es `viRa-
ca~, ras dasdevs da ras erCis avadmyofi im patiosan kacs, ìstoriaSi~ ar weria. am sakiTxiT ar
dainteresebulan Tu ver dainteresebulan, gaurkvevelia. yovel SemTxvevisaTvis, am faqti-
saTvis ybayuraze da yivana xvelaze meti yuradReba rom ar miuqceviaT, aSkaraa.
II nawili
`…avadmyofi iSviaTad, magram mainc gamoTqvams Tavis mosazrebebsac. igi amtkicebs, rom
yovel adamians Tavisi oreuli hyavs. aqedan (oreulidan Tu adamianidan) xan erTia namdvili,
xan _ meoreo. oreulis karnaxiT, brZanebiT akeTebs adamiani yvelafers, sanam igi Tavadve ar
gadaiqceva oreulad da sakuTar Tavs, sakuTar mes ar dauwyebs karnaxs da mbrZaneblobaso.
512
dermografizmi _ laqebis gaCena kanze nerviuli sistemis moSlis Sedegad
avadmyofsac esmis drodadro oreulis xma. im xmis mixedviT moqmedebs igi, da Tqvenc yvelani
sakuTari landis da oreulis neba-survils emorCilebiT, sanam landebad ar gadaqceulxarTo,
_ amtkicebs…~.
imave dRes biWiko gaaSiSvles. dauwyes tanze nawiburebisa da enaze nakbenebis Zebna; mxed-
velobis, ynosvis, gemos, smenis vargisianobis dadgena; kunTebis mgrZnobiarobis, Tvalis gugis
refleqsebis, rqovani garsis koniuqtivitis niSnebis, muxlis myesis moqmedebis, artikulaciis
Semowmeba. misces enis gasatexic: Seni yoCi Cemsa yoCsa, ras erCoda, ras eltvoda, ras erqagre-
xileboda; sartyeli mivirty-movirtyi, mortymuli daviarebi da sxva.
ramdenime dRis Semdeg, inteleqtualuri sferos gamokvlevis mizniT, Cautares ideaTa
asociaciuri eqsperimenti. aseTi moZvelebuli cdis safuZvelze xSirad marTlac xerxdeba
pirovnebis zogierTi Taviseburebis dadgena da avadmyofobis gamomwvevi mizezebis nawilob-
rivi Seswavla. magaliTad, sityva `saxelmwifoze~ hipnozis qveS myofma pirovnebam SeiZleba
gipasuxoT _ `brazilia~. es sulac ar niSnavs imas, rom avadmyofi fexburTelia an sazRvargareT
unda gaqceva, magram raRac, Tundac umniSvnelo daskvnis gakeTeba mainc SeiZleba. sityva _
gamRizianebelze cdis piri zogjer marTlac saintereso pasuxs iZleva; magram biWiko umetes
wilad dumda, an, eqimebis azriT, ise uSinaarsod pasuxobda, rom mecnierebisaTvis axali ara-
feri miucia.
biWikos eqimma Tvalebi dauxuWa da daarwmuna, rom eZina. avadmyofi iolad gadavida som-
nambulizmSi. daiwyo kiTxva-pasuxi.
kiTxva pasuxi
xma (erTi wuTis Semdeg) diax, mesmis
mizani (11 sekundis Semdeg) gasagebia, mesmis…
kaci (dro ar CauniSnavT) avadmyofi axvelebs
fuli diax, fuli
Savi TeTri
TeTri Savi
dro (ormoci sekundis Semdeg) ra saSineli Ramea…
me ara var damnaSave, me araferi ar vici,
xmebi, xmebi. . . mesmis me es xmebi, Cemo batono…
SiSi pasuxi ar aris
elda (avadmyofi mSvidadaa) pasuxi ar aris
Rame dRe
dRe dRe
didi pasuxi ar aris
mgeli (araviTari reaqcia) pasuxi ar aris
erTi Tvis Semdeg avadmyofi biWiko ereTeli Sin dabrunda. mkurnalobas uSedegod Caevlo.
winandelTan SedarebiT damSvidebuli da motexili Canda, es iyo da es. aRaraferi ainteresebda.
dReniadag dumda. xSirad erT adgilze gaSeSdeboda, fiqrobda, fiqrobda. xelis mtevans amoZ-
ravebda, TiTqos viRacas raRacas edaveboda, viRacas raRacas ekiTxeboda.
SuadRiT zustad erTsa da imave dros afeTqdeboda, RrialiT gadavardeboda eklesiis
ezoSi. dasdevda tukvaZes, ilanZReboda, igineboda. naxevari saaTis Semdeg dawynardeboda,
qvebs gadayrida da dafiqrebuli dajdeboda kibeze. amis mets qveyanaze aRarafers akeTebda
da aSavebda.
biWikos yvirils TandaTan yuri SeaCvies. ukve aRar eSinodaT. yuradRebasac ki ar aqcevdnen.
II nawili
sawyobis gamge kekua, im adgilas, sadac gaxelebuli adamiani darboda, mSvidad idga da fuls
iTvlida, anda qviTrebs awerda xels.
koniuqtiviti _ Tvalis lorwovani garsis anTeba

artikulacia _ sametyvelo organoebis moqmedeba
513
somnambulizmi _ lunatizmi, mTvareuloba
erTxel qalaqSi cnobili fsiqiatri Camovida. saqmiani mivlinebiT iyo Camosuli, magram
pacientebsac iRebda. misi oTaxis karTan daRamebamde xalxi idga. qalaqSi ufro meti avadmyofi
aRmoCnda, vidre mosalodneli iyo. profesorma biWikoc gasinja da dabejiTebiT Tqva: mkur-
naloba SeiZleba, radgan fizikurad Zalian janmrTelia, cnobiereba ar daClungebia, goneba
ar gafxvierebia, autizmis niSnebic mkveTrad ara aqvs Camoyalibebulio, mxolod romelime
didi qalaqis klinikaSi unda daawvinoT, CvenTan moskovSi Tu CamoiyvanT, mTlad ukeTesiao.
biWikos gare naTesavebma moiqaCles Tavi, raRacis gakeTeba daapires, iqneb misi bina Cven
dagvrCeso, magram yvelas Tavis dardi da gaWirveba yofnida da esec ver moaxerxes.
moskovSi biWikos biZaSvili cxovrobda. biZaSvili TiTqmis biWikos gazrdili iyo. biWikom
daamTavrebina umaRlesi, biWikom daayena gzaze. biZaSvili, rasakvirvelia, Zalian Sewuxda, sa-
gonebelSic ki Cavarda, erTi- orjer fulic ki gamogzavna, Camosvlac daapira, verafriT ver
moaxerxa da bolos misi xmac aRar moswvdenia am qalaqs.
isev megobrebma gadawyvites biWikos samkurnalod wayvana. ramdenjerme fulic Seagroves,
magram daexarjaT. xan es daapires, xan _ is, xan es Tqves, xan _ is, magram verafers Tavi ver
daadges; erTmaneTs ugulobas swamebdnen, Cxubobdnen da sayvedurobdnen. samagierod sufraze,
qeifis dros aucileblad biWikos sadRegrZelos Sesvamdnen. es Cveva wesad gadaeqcaT da ukve
yvelam icoda, romeli sadRegrZelos Semdeg modioda biWikos rigi. sadRegrZelos dros Zma-
kacebi eho, amoioxrebdnen, Cven varT xalxio, ambobdnen.
biWikos gagebac rom hqonoda, maTgan mets mainc arafers moiTxovda. Zmakacebi angarebi-
saTvis ki ar uyvarda. mere ra, rom megobrebs Sealia Tavisi cxovrebis didi nawili, mere ra,
rom maTTan gaanawila fuli, niWi, Zala da siyvaruli? amisaTvis ki ar dasjila. ubralod, bedma
ar gaumarTla.
male omi daiwyo. biWikosaTvis aw WeSmaritad aRaravis ecala.
biWikos erTi mdgmuri, vasiko, romelic jarSi iyo namyofi, rogorc gamocdili, saswra-
fod ukanve waiyvanes. axlad SerTul qals, albaT, gulma ugrZno, vasiko rom aRar dabrundeboda
da erTi wlis Semdeg Tavs uSvela, qalaqel mewisqvileze gaTxovda.
biWikos saxli mTlianad meore mdgmurs, Salikos darCa. Salikos, marTalia, didi yurebi
hqonda, magram, ara mgonia, amis gamo wuni daedoT. albaT sxva naklic aRmoaCnda da oms aarides,
vincobisaTvis Rrma zurgSi daitoves. bolos da bolos biWiko, amas raRa mixvedra unda, Salikos
mojamagired gadaiqca. biWiko mTeli dRe TavwaRunuli trialebda. SeSas Cexda, patara baRCas
uvlida, baravda, sxlavda, Toxnida, bazarSi dadioda. SuadRiT yviriliT ijerebda guls da
Semdeg kibeze isvenebda. gulaxdilad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom yofili mdgmuri ase Tu ise uvlida,
aWmevda, acmevda Sesaferisad da samadlod, rasakvirvelia. ase rom ara, SeiZleba sulac upat-
ronod momkvdariyo.
cxra maiss omi damTavrda. biWikosaTvis rogorc araferi dawyebula, ise araferi ar dam-
Tavrebula. garSemo ki yvelaferi icvleboda. Zveli midioda, axali Cndeboda. axlomaxlo axali
saxlebi aSenda. xalxi gamravlda, bavSvebi daizardnen, moxucebi dawydnen. bevri ver dabrunda
omidan, bevri dabrunda.
biWiko kvlavindeburad dasdevda tukvaZes, mxolod Zveleburi sificxiT _ vera. is sibraze
da silamaze aRar hqonda. esec ar iyos, ezo qvis yoriT Semoragves, sawyobis gamge kekua daiWi-
res, eklesia _ sawyobi gawmindes da samkiTxvelod gadaakeTes. biWikos yvirili da sirbili
dauSales. igi axla mxolod sakuTari ezodan emuqreboda tukvaZes. bolos masve Searqves tuk-
vaZe da bevrs misi namdvili gvari gadaaviwyda.
axalgazrdebma, romlebmac ar icodnen, vin iyo adre biWiko, rogor Sromobda, qeifobda,
sZulda, uxaroda da bolos da bolos rogor Cxubobda igi, Tu es aucilebeli iyo, misi gamas-
xaraveba daapires. dacinvaze biWiko pasuxs ar iZleoda, ar brazobda, arc mwuxareba etyoboda,
II nawili
arc sixaruli da axalgazrdebs masTan urTierToba uinteresod moeCvenaT. Tavi mianebes.

biWikos didxans aRar ucocxlia. gardaicvala adrian Semodgomaze. kacisSvili ar Seuwu-
xebia, wynarad, uxmod gaTavda. sikvdilis win naRvlianad ixedeboda da ras fiqrobda, aravin
ar icis. SeiZleba verc xvdeboda, rom misi dRec mosuli iyo da yvelaferi masTan erTad qreboda
514
da mTavrdeboda.
netav Tu axsovda, vin ra gaukeTa, vin ra daakargvina? SeiZleba xvdeboda da ar ambobda.
mokvda dafiqrebuli, albaT, adamianebs yvelaferi apatia.
gasvenebaze uamravma xalxma moiyara Tavi. gadasaxuraviT krZalavdnen, magram bevri dau-
patiJebladac movida. Salikos nacnob-megobrebma Seiyares Tavi, magram umravlesoba biWiko
ereTelis pativsacemad movida. patara ezo Zveli, didi xnis unaxavi nacnobebiTa da amxanagebiT
gaivso. naxevarze mets biWikos gvari tukvaZe egona. sxvaTa Soris, gasvenebaze TviTon namdvili
tukvaZec movida. igi nacnobma moiyvana. nacnobma uTxra, erT Cem moyvares (Salikoze ambobda)
axlobeli moukvda, Tu ar vcdebi, Seni mogvare unda iyos da saqme Tu araferi gaqvs, gasvenebaSi
wavideTo. tukvaZem erTi ki gaifiqra, vin Cemi mogvare unda iyos netavo da radganac saqme
marTlac ar hqonda, nacnobs wayva. roca ezoSi Sevidnen, nawili xalxisa ukve gaSlil sufraze
iyo damsxdari. magidebi xeebqveS gaewyoT. uqaro da uRrublo amindi iyo da ezo brezentis
CardaxiTac ki ar iyo gadaxuruli.
tukvaZem iqauroba SeaTvaliera, raRac gaixsena, raRac ecnaura, xasiaTi gaufuWda, guls
naRveli Semoawva da nacnobs hkiTxa: darwmunebuli xar Tu ara, rom aq namdvilad tukvaZe sax-
lobdao. diaxo, uTxra nacnobma. adre es saxli TviT tukvaZesi yofila, Semdeg misi mdgmuris
gamxdara, tukvaZe mdgmuris mdgmurad qceulao. namdvilma tukvaZem veraferi gaigo.
_ ratom mkiTxe? _ dainteresda nacnobi.
_ aq, am ezoSi oci-ocdaxuTi wlis win erT kacs vicnobdi… Tu ar meSleba, es ezoa… sad aris
netavi is kaci axla?
amxanags pasuxi ar gaucia, radgan oci-ocdaxuTi wlis win vin vis icnobda, warmodgena ar
hqonda da Tanac WiSkarTan imdeni xalxi ireoda, nacnobebis misalmebasac Zlivs audioda.
oTaxis kari Ria iyo, musikis naRvliani xma ismoda. kubosTan biWikos TmagaTeTrebuli
Zmakacebi isxdnen.
tukvaZe samZimarze ar Sesula. Tanamgzavrs uTxra: ra minda rom Semovide, mainc aravis
vicnob, amden xalxSi nu Semiyvan, isedac suli mexuTebao. nacnobs Zala aRar dautanebia. wavida.
tukvaZe marto datova. tukvaZe gverdze midga, RobesTan landiviT gaCerda. carieli Zvali da
tyavi iyo darCenili. Zalze gauWirdaT misi cnoba. ise sacodavad idga, ise sawylad ixedeboda,
rom Zalauneburad yuradRebas aqcevdnen. tukvaZe yvelas gzas uTmobda. Tu vinme daejaxeboda,
bodiSsac TviTonve ixdida. Zveli, Jamisferi, samxreebamZvrali sawvimari ecva, xakis Zveli
qudi exura. kokordis qimebis nakvalevi darCenoda kozirs zemoT. saocrad Secvliliyo, saxe
TiTqos dapataraveboda, gaSaveboda, majaze ZvelTaZveli, didi saaTi ekeTa. zogierTebma mainc
icnes, kantikuntad miesalmnen. tukvaZe xelSi xakis quds WmuWnida da salamze Tavazianad uk-
ravda yvelas Tavs. igi karga xnis gadakarguli iyo da aqaurebma misi asaval-dasavalic ar icod-
nen. ambobdnen, daWerilia, cimbirSi mokvdao. xalxi erTmaneTs eCurCuleboda: naxe, tukvaZe
Camosula, ras damgvanebiao. bolos viRac axlosac mivida, tukvaZes xeli CamoarTva. sul male
iq wre Sekres. zogierTebs ukvirdaT, ra aris cxovreba, rogor Tavisuflad velaparakebiTo.
mainc ecodebodaT. zogi mis Zvel Zalas da vaJkacobas natrulobda. afsus, erT dros magis
saxelis xsenebaze zanzarebda yvelaferio.
samZimridan gamosulma nacnobma, roca tukvaZesTan amodena xalxi dainaxa, ifiqra, nacnobi
isedac bevri uSovniao da pirdapir sufrasTan dajda.
qelexze tukvaZec miipatiJes. uari Tqva.
_ Wama me ar SemiZlia da sma, ra minda rom davjde, didi madlobeli var, Cemo batono…
susti, miknavebuli xmiT laparakobda, jibidan wamlebs iRebda da xalxs aCvenebda:
_ kuWis wyluli maqvs, gamaTava kaci, nametani Semawuxa, aperacia qe gavikeTe, mara ver iqna
da ver movjobindi... pensia unda daeniSnaT da ver daviniSne, sabuTebsac ver movuyare Tavi, xan
II nawili
iqiT gamiSves, xan aqeT gamomagzavnes… daval axla ase gaxlaforTebuli, ra ginda rom qna...
amSvidebdnen: mag araferi, yvelaferi mogvardeba, Sen iyavi kargado, Sen damsaxurebas vin
dagikargavs, marTla mase ki ar aris saqmeo. RmerTma qnas, mase iyoso, imeorebda tukvaZe.
nacnobma sami Wiqa Rvino dalia da Tqva:
515
gadasaxuraviT _ garkveul wreSi Sekrebili fuliT
_ tukvaZeze mogaxsenebT, batono, kibo aqvs mgonia da ar umxelen, mag ubedurs… vin etyvis…
TviTon ver xvdeba.
kubo ezoSi gamoitanes. xalxi wamoiSala, SeCoCqolda. win patara biWi modioda, romelsac
biWikos axalgazrdobis suraTi mohqonda. suraTi im dros iyo gadaRebuli, roca es ambavi
daviwyeT. gadidebul suraTs miCerebodnen, oxravdnen, sinanuls da aRtacebas ver malavdnen.
tukvaZes rom suraTisaTvis Seexeda, iqneb ecno kidec vis dakrZalvaze iyo mosuli, magram
igi xalxma sul boloSi, ezos kuTxeSi miCexa, viRacam Ceqmazec daadga fexi. tukvaZe simwriT
daiRrija da yuradReba aRarafrisaTvis miuqcevia.
biWma suraTi quCaSi gaitana. cisferi Tvalebi da Ria wablisferi, gverdze wmindad gada-
varcxnili Tma hqonda.
tukvaZe gayva procesias, magram male ukanve gamobrunda.
xalxi xmadabali laparakiT, Cumi siciliT da mozomili seriozulobiT miacilebda micva-
lebuls. grili, sasiamovno saRamo iyo.
nela, auCqareblad midioda procesia sasaflaosaken.
ukan dabrunebul, martodmarto momaval tukvaZes siaruli uWirda, yoveli fexis gadad-
gmaze emanWeboda saxe; autaneli tkivilebi awuxebda, etyoboda.
1962
imsjeleT, rogor vlindeba biWiko ereTelis xasiaTi dapatimrebamde.

daaxasiaTeT biWikos da tukvaZis urTierToba, urTierTganwyoba.
ganixileT biWikos dapatimrebis konkretuli da zogadi xasiaTis mizezebi.
rogor STabeWdilebas, emociebs badebs biWikos dapatimrebis scena; rogor war-
moCndebian aq biWiko da tukvaZe.
ras gveubneba pirdapir Tu arapirdapir, miniSnebiT biWikos Sesaxeb misi anamnezi.
ganixileT iumoristuli Strixebi, romlebic biWikos xvedris warmosaxvas axlavs;
imsjeleT biWikos saxis tragikomizmze.
rogor warmoCndeba tukvaZis saxe; ra cvlilebebs ganicdis igi; rogor fiqrobT,
avtoris ra Tvalsazrisis, saTqmelis gamomxatvelia am personaJis bedi; rogoria av-
toris damokidebuleba misdami.
imsjeleT moTxrobaSi warmosaxuli sazogadoebis bunebaze.
rogor Cans moTxrobaSi epoqa, misi xasiaTi.
daaxasiaTeT Txrobis toni, emociuri Seferiloba.
citata
geronti qiqoZe
wignidan `Tanamedrovis Canawerebi~
II nawili
`TbilisSi Seiqmna sameuli, romelic uapelaciod wyvetda adamianis beds. mTavari inkvi-
zitoris roli TviT beriam SeinarCuna, rogorc cekas pirvelma mdivanma.
sagangebo komisiis gamomZieblebis, saidumlo agentebis, komendantebis da jalaTebis ri-
gebs avsebdnen uTvistomo adamianebi, romelTac, umetes SemTxvevaSi, araviTari xelobis codna,
araviTari ganaTleba ar hqondaT da mxolod jaSuSoba da kacis kvla emarjvebodaT. zogierTi
516
adamiani sadisti iyo bunebiT, zogierTi samsaxurSi Sevida Tavis dazRvevis mizniT. Tbilisis
sagangebo komisiaSi didxans gamomZieblad muSaobda vinme xazani, romelic RamiT braldebulTa
dakiTxvas da wamebas xelmZRvanelobda, xolo dRisiT wigns werda `sabWoTa adamianis moralur
fizionomiaze~.
gamoZiebisa da sikvdiliT dasjis procesi metismetad gamartivda da iaffasiani gaxda.
maT Camoecala yovelive romantikis Saravandi. datyvevebulTa erT nawils konveieris siste-
miT xocavdnen, rogorc xarebs xocaven Cikagos sasaklaoze, xolo meore nawils Sromis bana-
kebSi gzavnidnen, sadac maT nel-nela Caferfvla eloda, autaneli Sromisa da sakvebis nakle-
bobis gamo. amisda miuxedavad bevrma braldebulma namdvili antikuri siqvele gamoiCina, mo-
aswro Tavi moekla dapatimrebamde, Tavi moewamla sakanSi, jalaTebs SebrZoleboda xelcari-
eli, aravin daesaxelebina autaneli wamebis dros.
dasjil partiul muSakebs, rogorc veteranebs, ise axalgazrdebs Soris bevri iyo skep-
tikosi, romelnic eWvma Seipyro mSieri masebis cqeraze. zogierTi partiuli muSaki daiRala,
zogierTma warmoidgina, rom nakleb ekliani da nakleb sisxliani gziT SeiZleboda komunizmis
samefoSi Sesvla...
dasjil upartioTa ricxvi ufro didi iyo. zogierT maTgans Zalian bundovani warmodgena
hqonda Sinapartiul uTanxmoebaze da sruliad loialurad asrulebda Tavis valdebulebas.
bevri upartio moqalaqe daiRupa mxolod imitom, rom is raime mizezis gamo saeWvo gaxda
Tbilisis triumviratisa da misi provinciuli filialebisaTvis, an romelime dambezRebels
SeSurda misi bina an Tanamdeboba. 1937 wels datusaRebam da daxvretam imdenad masobrivi xasi-
aTi miiRo, rom Tbilisis sameuli da misi agentebi xSirad Tavs aRar iwuxebdnen siebis Sedge-
niTa da Cxrekis CatarebiT...
sazogadoebis erTi didi nawili daemsgavsa cecxlismfrqveveli mTis Ziras aSenebuli qala-
qis mcxovreblebs, romlebic Cqaroben siamovnebis fiala amoswuron, vinaidan xvalindeli dRe
uzrunvelyofili ara aqvT. magram radgan namdvili siamovnebis miReba kulturosan adamians
mxolod sando an Tavisuflad moazrovne Tanamoqalaqeebis wreSi SeuZlia, TviT am epikurulad
ganwyobili elementebis siamovneba mowamluli iyo. sazogadod arc erT socialur wreSi, TviT
privilegiurSi, aravin iyo uzrunvelyofili, rom misi Tanamdeboba an bina Suris grZnobas ar
aRZravda romelime gavlenian adamianSi. aravin uzrunvelyofili ar iyo, rom mas pasuxs ar mos-
Txovdnen raime uwyinari xumrobisa an anegdotisaTvis. axlad gaRviZebuli moxeleebi da moqa-
laqeebi SiSiT elodnen, rom maTi gvarebi gazeTis furclebze an radiogadacemaSi moxvdeboda
proskrifciebis siaSi. aseT SemTxvevaSi isini sazogadoebidan ikveTebodnen, martovdebodnen
da zneobrivad isjebodnen, sanam fizikurad ganadgurdebodnen. bolos, aravin uzrunvelyofi-
li ar iyo, rom naSuaRamevs misi binis SesavalTan saSineli avtomanqana ar gaCerdeboda da mas
bnel sakanSi ar Seagdebdnen, raTa iq sakuTar loginSi dawyebuli RamisTeva ganegrZo~.
citataSi mocemuli informaciis da msjelobis gamoyenebiT ganixileT rezo WeiSvilis

moTxroba.
paralelebi
varlam Salamovi
eqim kuzmenkos Wadraki

fragmenti
eqimma kuzmenkom Wadraki magidaze dayara.

II nawili
_ ra mSvenierebaa, _ vTqvi me, roca figurebs faneris dafaze vawyobdi. es iyo ufaqizesi
iuveliruli namuSevari.
_ marTla mSvenieria, yureba ar mogbezrdeba... gaxsovT kulagini?
_ moqandake?
varlam Salamovi (1907-1982) _ rusi mwerali; didxans iyo sabWoTa sakoncentracio banakebis tusaRi
517
_ diax! is ukvalod gaqra, roca bevri gaqra, maSin. es Wadraki misi naxelavia. ocdaCvidmet
wels purisgan gaakeTa butirkis cixeSi, asanTis Rerebs iyenebda, frCxilebiT muSaobda.
_ ori figura aklia, _ vTqvi me. _ Savi lazieri da TeTri etli.
_ vici, _ Tqva kuzmenkom. _ etli saerTod dakargulia, Savi lazieri ki _ Tavi ara aqvs _ Cems
sawer magidaSi maqvs Caketili.
alimentaruli distrofia saSineli ramea. mxolod leningradis blokadis Semdeg ixseni-
eben am avadmyofobas Tavisi namdvili saxeliT. manamde aseT diagnozebs svamdnen: poliavita-
minozi, pelagra, dizenteriiT gamowveuli sigamxdre da ase Semdeg. eqimebs akrZaluli hqon-
daT SimSilis xseneba oficialur dokumentebSi, avadmyofobis istoriaSi, konferenciebze,
kvalifikaciis amaRlebis kursebze.
_ vici.
_ roca saavadmyofoSi moiyvanes, kulagini, es maRali, tansruli kaci, ormoc kilograms
iwonida _ es Zvlebis da tyavis wona iyo. aseTia alimentaruli distrofiis Seuqcevadi faza.
yvela damSeuls romeliRac kritikul momentSi cnobierebis dabneleba, demencia ewyeba.
iciT, ra aris demencia?
_ SeSliloba?
_ diax, diax, SeSliloba, SeZenili SeSliloba, SeZenili Wkuasustoba. roca kulagini mo-
iyvanes, maSinve mivxvdi, rom axal avadmyofs demencia didi xnis win damarTnoda... kulagins
goneba sikvdilamde ar dabrunebia. Tan hqonda Wadrakis figurebiani patara tomara.
kulaginma SeWama, gadaylapa TeTri etli, Tavi moaglija Sav laziers da isic gadaylapa.
Rmuoda, roca sanitrebma scades tomara xelidan gamoeglijaT. me mgonia, mTeli Tavisi namu-
Sevris gadaylapva undoda, rom ase waeSala amqveynad Tavisi yofnis kvali.
ramdenime TviT adre rom daewyo kulagins Wadrakis figurebis Wama, es figurebi gadaar-
Cendnen.
_ magram undoda ki kulagins gadarCeniliyo?
_ gvamis gakveTis dros SemeZlo kuWidan etlis amoReba, lazieris Tavisac, magram es ar
gavakeTe... amitom aklia Wadraks ori figura. Tqveni svlaa, maestro.
_ ara, _ vTqvi me. _ raRac aRar minda...
imsjeleT nawarmoebis personaJis bunebaze, misi bedis tragikulobaze.

imsjeleT, raSi mdgomareobs epoqis aranormaluroba rezo WeiSvilis da varlam Salamovis
nawarmoebebis mixedviT.
davaleba
moamzadeT prezentacia Temaze _ Cemi warmodgena represiebis epoqis Sesaxeb.

isargebleT saxelmZRvanelos Sesabamisi danarTiT.
Temis damuSavebisas gamoiyeneT qeTevan javaxiSvilis wigni `mixeil javaxiSvili~;
sasurvelia gamoiyenoT agreTve geronti qiqoZis `Tanamedrovis Canawerebis~ mTliani
teqsti;
pedagogis daxmarebiT scadeT moiZioT tician tabiZis da paolo iaSvilis tragikuli
bedis amsaxveli masalebi;
SeZlebisdagvarad moiSvelieT TemasTan dakavSirebuli literaturuli, publicis-
turi nawarmoebebi;
naxeT da ganixileT filmebi `monanieba~ da àxalgazrda kompozitoris mogzauro-
II nawili
ba~ (oTar CxeiZis `boriayis~ mixedviT);

Tu SesaZlebloba gaqvT, gaecaniT okupaciis muzeumSi warmodgenil masalas, gaiaz-
reT da SeafaseT igi.
518
jemal qarCxaZe
biZaCemi iona
zRapar iyo, zRapar iyo

Walas Citi momkvdariyo,
did qvabSi ar eteoda,
pataraSi cota iyo.
xalxuri paradoqsi
epilogi
amitom 28 ivniss kidev erTxel vewvie mSobliur
sanaklios...
matarebelma rom ukanaskneli aRmarTi aiara da
sarkmlidan sanaklios feradi saxuravebi gamoCnda, ma-
jiscema mkveTrad gamixSirda; is TvadaRmarTic rom
CavaTaveT da kiviliT SevediT Zvel sadgurSi, rome-
lic drois dinebas ise gajiuteboda, iotis odenadac
ki ar Secvliliyo, guli ukve kedlebs awydeboda da
gareT gamovardnas lamobda; baqanze gamosulma rom
Rrmad da sentimentalurad CavisunTqe mZime, daxuTu-
li haeri (vinc xangrZlivi da usaxelo wanwalis Semdeg mcire xniT mainc swvevia mSobliur
fuZes, icis, rom, SegrZnebaTa subieqturobis gamoisobiT aseT dros yvelafers saamo suni
asdis), cremli malulad moviwminde da Zaldautanebeli paTetikiT gavifiqre: `RmerTo, ram-
deni dro gamparvia Tvalsa da xels Sua!~; xolo mosacdeli darbazic rom gaviare, romelSiac,
rogorc momeCvena, sigaretis namwvi imave adgilas eyara, sadac wlebis win davtove, da moedanze
gavedi, Cemi bavSvobis oreulebi, fexSiSvelebi da muxlebze SarvalgamobdRvnilebi, qalaqis
yvela kuTxidan wamoiSalnen, Sesaxvedrad gamoeSurnen da muStris TvaliT damiwyes cqera,
TiTqos amowmebdnen, aba erTi, ra gamovida Cvengano (sulelebi! ra unda gamosuliyo!).
guli raRac Zalian didiT da Zalian msubuqiT mqonda savse da gadavwyvite, cota xans qala-
qis quCebSi mexetiala.
axali nawvimari iyo. oRro-CoRro trotuarebze mofenili mravalricxovani guburebi
amomavali mzis oqrosfer sxivebs xalisiani brWyvialiT ireklavda.
male qalaqis centrs mivuaxlovdi da mivxvdi, rom maradiulobis STabeWdileba, romelic
sadguris danaxvaze dameufla, mcdari yofila. mSobliuri sanaklio Secvliliyo da gvariana-
dac Secvliliyo: mTavari moedani gadaekeTebinaT da gaefarToebinaT, miliciis Senoba ekla-
ris qviT moepirkeTebinaT, kviparosebi gazrdiliyo, sastumro damwvariyo, mTavrobis saxlis
win axali restorani gaexsnaT, baRi daegavaT, fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofosTvis kidev erTi
korpusi miematebinaT, Sors, qvemoT, sadac adre triali mindori iyo da Cemi Soreuli bavSvoba
siqis gaclamde feTianiviT dasdevda burTs, axla maRal-maRali Senobebi aekokolavebinaT da
Sig sanaklieli moqalaqeebi dabudebuliyvnen. am cvlilebebis danaxvaze Cemi bavSvobis cno-
bismoyvare oreulebi, TiTqos dafrTxneno, ukan-ukan wavidnen da Tvals miefarnen, magram me
mainc vgrZnobdi maTs siaxloves, mainc momdioda maTi oflis suni. an ki sad unda dakarguliy-
vnen! am qalaqSi miwis erTi goji ar iyo, zed rom Cemi fexis anabeWdi ar dametovebina. sanaklio,
sayvareli sanaklio! aq darCa Cemi cxovrebis yvelaze naTeli xana, yvelaze Tbili, yvelaze
II nawili
sevdiani, yvelaze saTuTi mogonebebi... ra damaviwyebs, skolidan rom koleqtiurad gavipare-

bodiT da meore dRes samaswavlebloSi direqtori qamriT gvcemda!.. direqtors farTo, ja-
riskacuri qamari ertya, romelic moqnevisas raRac ucxo, kosmiur xmaze wuoda. im qamris Sex-
snas rom daiwyebda, mdedrobiTi sqesis maswavleblebi pirs miibrunebdnen xolme. hoi, ra pa-
519
tarebi viyaviT maSin, ra gulubryviloebi! ra miamiturad gvegona, rom mdedrobiTi maswav-
leblebi amas Cveni sibraluliT sCadiodnen. an nakliswyalze, qvemoT, mofarebulSi, zaris
moTamaSe biWebs rom SemovexveodiT, sulganabuli vadevnebdiT Tvals da guli gamalebiT gviZ-
gerda, radgan vicodiT, rom adre Tu gvian Cxubi mouvidodaT da danebs daaZrobdnen... eeh, ra
tkbilia mogoneba da ra sevdiani!.. gaxsovT, Cemo patara oreulebo, amurma rom pirvelad
gvtyorcna isari da Sig aTianSi gagvarWo? is isari axlac aq gdia sadRac. is bangic aq aris, is
xanmokle, magram sikvdiliviT tkbili da saSiSi Tavdaviwyeba... saxeli aRar maxsovs (droo,
droo, uxamso da muxanaTo!), magram naxSiriviT Savi gogo iyo, imdenad Savi, rom gulis mesai-
dumleebi, romlebsac, uTqmelobas rom ar gavegude, Cems xvaSiads vuziarebdi xolme, alali
interesiT mekiTxebodnen, sibneleSi rogor xedavo. Tqven ra icodiT, Cemo gadaviwyebulo
megobrebo, rom me gulze mesxa Tvalebi, gulis Tvali ki Rame WotiviT iyureba... pirvelad rom
vigrZeni iRliebqveS frTebi da sanaklios Tavze Rrublebis gverdiT davekide, maTematikis
ujrebiani rveulidan eqvsi furceli amovxie da CaxruxauliT gawyobili ugrZesi leqsi miv-
were. iseT xotbas vaxsamdi, zRaprul mzeTunaxavebs sizmrad ar moelandebodaT. boloSi, yve-
laze ukeT gariTmuli oTxi taepiT, gauazreblad viSveliebdi ra mesame gamoricxulis logi-
kur kanons, aseT alternativas vuyenebdi: an momkali da an Cemi cxovrebis maradiuli Tanam-
gzavri gaxdi-meTqi. me Cems poetur niWze did imedebs vamyarebdi da, rac ufro did imedebs
vamyarebdi, miT ufro meSinoda Sedegis, miT ufro vTrTodi da vcaxcaxebdi mRelvarebisagan.
amasobaSi saukuneebi gavida da meore dRes, roca imisgan, visac Cemi namuSakevi gavatane, Sevitye,
rom adresats leqsi bolomde waekiTxa da TvalebanTebuls aRtacebiT eTqva, deda, es ra mSve-
nieri poCerki hqoniao, frTebma qavili damiwyo da Tokebs, romlebiTac caSi vekide, WraWaWruWi
autyda, xolo mesame dRes, roca werilobiTi pasuxic miviRe _ didi siamovnebiT, magram sxvis-
Tvisa maqvs ukve piroba micemulio _ bumbulebi Semodgomis foTlebiviT damcvivda, gamxmari
frTebi momZvra, tomarasaviT movadine Zirs zRarTani da movkvdi. ise unugeSod movkvdi, Tu
gavcocxldebodi, aRar megona...
ehehe! ras emgvaneboda Cveni cxovreba, fesvebi rom romantikul mogonebaTa kamkama wyaroSi
ar gvqondes Caciebuli!
me sevdianad gavuRime Cems warsuls, romelic gulis kovzTan saamurad miRitinebda, da
gavifiqre: ò, ra tkbili xar, bavSvobis netaro xanav!~ amis gafiqrebaze biZaCemi iona gamaxsenda,
imav wams marcxena fexi koWamde Cavtope mozrdil guburaSi, myisve damaviwyda, raze gamaxsenda
biZaCemi iona, radgan karga xmamaRla SevikurTxe da amiT SemkrTalma swrafad mimovixede, rom
davrwmunebuliyavi, Cems unebur bilwsityvaobas mowme aravin waswrebia, mere sveli fexsacmeli
ramdenjerme magrad davkari trotuars, magram wyali bolomde ar gamoiwura da, gza rom gan-
vagrZe, saamo mogonebebs erTxans amRvreul fonad gasdevda usiamovno WyapaWyupi. sabednie-
rod, yuri male SeeCvia im WyapaWyups da, roca me da Cemi qalaqi kvlav haromniulad SeverwyeT
erTmaneTs, isev gamaxsenda, raze gamaxsenda biZaCemi iona...
ara, daviwyebiT arc arasodes damviwyebia da, saerTod, biZaCemi iona iseTi kaci araa, vinmes
Tavi iolad daaviwyos. gamaxsenda-meTqi, imitom vTqvi, rom im wams misi saxe uCveulod mkafiod
damidga Tvalwin. amis mizezi ki is fraza iyo, romelic gunebaSi ò~ SorisdebuliT daviwye.
ò~ Sorisdebulze biZaCemma ionam winadadebebi icoda.
mTels sanaklioSi orad ori adamiani iyo, visac biZaCemi iona uyvarda: me da dedaCemi. Tumca,
dedaCemi iqneb angariSSi Casagdebi arcaa, radgan Zma, miT umetes umcrosi Zma, ra RvTis piridan
gavardnilic ar unda iyos, das mainc qveyanas urCevnia. aseTia Zmisa da, gansakuTrebiT, dis
bedi. me ratom miyvarda, didxans ar vicodi. mxolod gvian, rodesac didi gavizarde da, rogorc
natifi ironiiT vityviT xolme, WkuaSi Cavvardi, rodesac SuadRemde Zili wmidaTawmida moT-
II nawili
xovnilebad meqca, rodesac mivxvdi, rom ise movkvdebi, vera saqmes guls ver davudeb, rodesac
colis SerTvis SiSi mkvidrad gamijda Zval-rbilSi, rodesac qcevis normebze da sxva amdagvar
sisuleleebze sabolood Caviqnie xeli (ris gamoc Cems gamoCenaze sazogadoeba usiamovnod
da mgoni cota uxerxuladac iSmuSneba), rodesac gadaWriT davadgine, rom gacilebiT ufro
ioli da sasiamovnoa, cxovrebis mdinares miendo da mihyve, vidre gulSi ugunuri mizani amoiWra
520
da talRebTan uazro WidilSi Jamidan Jamze WuWyiani wyali ylapo, rodesac yovelive es naTeli
Seiqna, ai, maSin mivxvdi, rom me da biZaCemi iona suliT ufro mkvidri da axlo naTesavebi
viyaviT, vidre sisxliT, da rom dedaCemma TviTon ar icoda, rom, roca Cems wyevlas Sinaarsians,
naTels, kompoziciurad sanimuSod Sekrulsa da mkafio, gamWvirvale Sinagan ritmze
damyarebuls, tradiciuli formuliT daasrulebda _ moukvdi, Svilo, dedaSens, ager naxavs
Seni dasavsebi Tvalebi, Tu yvela siglaxeSi mag Sens usaqmur da usaqcielo biZas ar
gamoemgvanebio _ misi bageebiT Tavad WeSmariteba RaRadebda. oRond aq isic unda SevniSno,
rom zogjer, roca mamaCemsac wasZlevda suli da xsenebul formulas mimarTavda (Tundac
gaubedavad da Serbilebuli saxiT), deda myisve kldesaviT dadgeboda Tavisi marTlac rom
usaqmuri da usaqcielo Zmis dasacavad. mamaCemi, Tavad mudam saqmiani, usaqmurobas ver itanda,
xolo raki biZaCemi iona CvenTan cxovrobda, erTTavad imis cdaSi iyo, rogorme coli
SeerTvevinebina. egona, am gziT problemas erTxel da samudamod gadaWrida, radgan misi
wesierebis patrons ver warmoedgina, rom biZaCem ionas SeeZlo colic CvenTan moeyvana.
erTiT ki mainc ganvsxvavdebodiT me da biZaCemi: is ganaTlebuli iyo. sad da rodis ganaTlda,
ar vici. me, piradad, iseT pozaSi arasodes minaxavs, romelic ganaTlebis misaRebad moxerxe-
buli iyos. marTalia, rva Tu cxra weli universitetSi iswavla da mgoni damTavrebulic ki
hqonda (dabejiTebiT Znelia aseTi ramis mtkiceba), magram jer erTi, Svidi weli mec gamitarebia
mag universitetSi da araferi damtyobia, da meorec, Tqven Tu sadme ginaxavT kaci, universi-
tetSi ganaTleba SeeZinos, miCveneT da madlobeli dagrCebiT. arada, aSkarad ganaTlebuli
iyo. etyoba, raRac gaugebroba moxda. Cemi varaudiT, adre, sanam me davibadebodi, wignebis
RrRniT iyo gatacebuli da, roca yvela wigni daRrRna da abreSumis WiasaviT irgvliv parkad
Semoikra, mereRa gaxda pepela. ra Tqma unda, es seriozuli nakli iyo da am nakls TviTonac
ganicdida. an ki rogor ar ganecada, roca amis gamo iZulebuli iyo drodadro iseT samsaxurSi
Seergo Tavi, sadac halstuxi pioneriviT mudam jibeSi unda sdeboda, radgan kacma ar icoda,
ra wuTs mosTxovdnen mis Sebmas. marTalia, amgvari tanjva didxans ar grZeldeboda xolme,
ramdenime TveSi an TavisiT wamovidoda, an sxva gamoagdebda, magram im dakargul ramdenime
Tves xom aRaraferi eSveleboda da kacs ra imodena sicocxle aqvs moniWebuli RvTisgan, rom
ase uTavbolod fantos Tveebi da wlebi! garda amisa, am uazro ganaTlebis gamoisobiT, Sinac
ar hqonda mosveneba: dedaCemi aiZulebda, gakveTilebis momzadebaSi damxmareboda. daxmareba
ki, RvTis winaSe, marTla mWirdeboda. mogexsenebaT, arian mowafeebi, romlebic erT-or sagans
amoiCemeben, danarCenze ki xeli aqvT Caqneuli. me, Cemda sabednierod, arasodes araferi amo-
miCemebia, amitom yvela saganze Caqneuli mqonda xeli da skolaSi ise vgrZnobdi Tavs, rogorc
gemidan gadavardnili mezRvauri, romelmac curva ar icis. biZaCems mSvenivrad esmoda, rom
vinmesTvis raimes swavleba, meti rom ara vTqvaT, uzrdelobaa, magram dis SiSiT verafers am-
bobda. es ybadaRebuli `daxmareba~ dedaCems, rogorc saerTod dedebis wesia, gaucnobiereblad
hqonda akviatebuli, Torem ar yofila arc erTi SemTxveva, biZaCemis daxmarebas raime sasikeTo
nayofi gamoeRos. ò~ Sorisdebulis ambavic, eWvi araa, katastrofiT damTavrdeboda, im dros
rom dedaCemi ar Semogvswreboda... maxsovs, TiTo Sorisdebulze or-ori winadadeba mqonda
dasaweri. im gardauvalma Jamma rom dahkra, roca gadadeba ukve SeuZlebeli iyo, magidas mivu-
jeqi da ritmuli xvneSa daviwye. biZaCemi iona taxtze iwva da gonebaSi samyaros idealur models
qmnida. dedaCemi samzareuloSi trialebda da, Cveulebisamebr, raRac fantastikur sadils
gvimzadebda. Cemi bejiTi da-Zmebi didi xania morCnen gakveTilebis swavlas da, rogorc deda-
Cemi ityoda xolme (Cemi misamarTiT), `sadRac daCerCetobdnen~. bevri vixvneSe Tu cota, ò~-s
rom mivadeqi da vigrZeni, fantazia ukanasknel Zaxilis niSnamde iyo amowuruli, biZaCems Se-
vexmiane:
_ biZia io!
_ mmm...
II nawili
_ ò~-ze miTxari ra winadadeba!

_ orjer ori oTxia.
_ ara, ara.
_ aba, Seni varaudiT, ramdenia?
_ ubralo ò~-ze ar minda, ò~ Sorisdebulze minda. 521
_ oo! _ mowonebiT Tqva biZaCemma _ ramdeni winadadeba ginda?
_ ori.
biZaCemma ionam mZlavrad gaizmora, xangrZlivad da gadamdebad daamTqnara da Tqva:
_ o, ra tkbili xar, samSoblos miwav!
me samSoblos miwa fxaWafxuWiT Cavwere da vuTxari:
_ meore?
biZaCemma kidev ufro xangrZlivad da kidev ufro gadamdebad daamTqnara da Tqva:
_ o, Se gaTaxsirebulo!
_ o, Se marTla gaTaxsirebulo da znedacemulo! _ moisma pasuxad dedaCemis xma da imav wams
gamoCnda kidec karis zRurblze.
biZaCemi iona elvis siswrafiT wamoxta, fexebi fostlebSi wahyo da partyapurtyiT gaiqca.
dedaCemi ar dadevnebia, mxolod wyevla daadevna:
_ gagiwyres, Zamiko, mamazecieri, miewie babuaCem indikos da Cagawvine adre da male sanak-
lios Sav miwaSi! ras aswavli mag udReurs, rom aswavli! magis Wkuis patrons meti ki ar unda,
marTla mase dawers da xom gadaaxia rveuli Tavze im cofianma polievqtma, is ki moukvdes mis
glaxa col-Svils!
erTi sityviT, im dRes gadavrCiT mec da Cemi cofiani poliveqtic. me meore winadadebis
daweras gadavrCi, is ki rveulis daxevas, rac misi asakis kacisTvis didi fizikuri datvirTva
iyo, miT ufro, rom sijiutisa Tu miuxvedrelobis gamo, rveuls yovelTvis daxuravda xolme
da ase erTianad xevda, da Tumca, pirs rom gadauxsnida, mere SedarebiT iolad miudioda saqme,
sanam pirs gadauxsnida, didxans codvilobda martvilis saxiT.
magr am Tavze gadaxevis ceremoniali bolos mainc Sedga. Sedga sxva garemoebaTa gamo da
Sedga ori wlis Semdeg, roca moxuci polievqti kidev ufro motexili iyo da kidev metad
uWirda rveulTan Widili...
polievqtma Txzuleba mogvca dasawerad: `Cemi sanaklio~. raki mSvenivrad vicodi, rom
aseTi Txzulebis damweri ar viyavi, Tavis daZvrenis mizniT saxlSi aRSfoTebuli Tavmoyvare-
obis mtkice kiloTi gamovacxade, sanaklio ar miyvars da am Txzulebas ar davwer-meTqi. megona,
princips damifasebdnen da momeSvebodnen. magram dedaCemi marto Tavis principebs cnobda da
biZaCems ubrZana, Seni dRe da moswreba rom uqmad dayialob, Senze ki Caicvas Senma dam Savebi,
miexmare patara am dasamiwebels da daawerine is oxeri Txzulebao. ar vici, ubralod garemo-
ebani daemTxvnen ase Tu biZaCemma ionam, ò~ Sorisdebulze SiSnaWamma, gangeb SearCia iseTi
dro, roca dedaCemi Sin ar iyo, erT saRamos damsva magidasTan, TviTon xelebi zurgsukan da-
iwyo, dinjad mohyva bolTis cemas da mTeli Txzuleba, Tavidan bolomde, Tavisi wertil-mZi-
meebiT, Seuferxeblad mikarnaxa:
`Cemi sanaklio~
(Txzuleba)
Cemi turfa da walkotovani qalaqi uxsovari droidan yofila dasaxlebuli. Tanamedrove
sanaklios midamoebSi mikvleuli uZvelesi ConCxi, romelsac mkveTrad etyoba rogorc ada-
mianis, aseve maimunis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebi, eWvmiutanlad amtkicebs, rom sanaklio gane-
kuTvneba msoflios im mniSvnelovani raionebis ricxvs, sadac erT dros adamianad Camoyali-
bebis procesi mimdinareobda. arqeologiuri da anTropologiuri Zieba dResac warmatebiT
grZeldeba da mecnierebs imedi aqvT, rom sanaklioSi gacilebiT met adamianismagvar maimuns
waawydebian, vidre msoflios romelime sxva regionSi.
im Soreuli epoqidan moyolebuli sanaklios teritoriaze sisxlsavse da mCqefare cxov-
reba arasodes Sewyvetila. berZeni istorikosebis cnobiT, antikur xanaSi aq mdgara kargad
II nawili
gamagrebuli da praqtikulad miudgomeli cixe, sadac imdroindeli sanaklielebi gaWirvebis

Jams Tavs afarebdnen. samwuxarod, im cixis araviTari kvali ar SemorCenila. marTalia, sanak-
lioSi dResac dgas cixe da dResac ara erTi da ori sanaklieli afarebs iq Tavs, magram es cixe
materialuri kulturis SedarebiT gviandeli Zeglia.
amJamad ukve dasabuTebulad iTvleba, rom saxeli `sanaklio~ warmodgeba sityvisagan `na-
522
keli~ (am mosazrebis sasargeblod, kerZod, metyvelebs is faqti, rom sanaklio dResac gan-
Tqmulia sasuqeuliT), Tumca mecnierTa erTi nawili kvlavac fiqrobs, TiTqos sanaklios saxeli
momdinareobdes sityva `naklidan~. am hipoTezas umTavresad emxroba burJuaziuli mecniereba,
romelic, rogorc sayovelTaod cnobilia, mudam imas cdilobs, nakli gamogviCxrikos, Cvens
saxelovan warmatebebs ki ganzrax aridebs Tvals.
rogorc iTqva, sanaklio ganTqmulia sasuqeuliT, rac Semosavlis ZiriTad wyarosa da me-
zobel qalaqebsa da raionebSi eqsportis mTavar sagans Seadgens. statistikuri monacemebiT
amJamad sanaklioSi erT sul mosaxleze weliwadSi as oci tona sasuqi modis, rac gasuli wlis
Sesabamis periodTan SedarebiT xuTi procentiT metia.
sanaklio didi da baraqiani raionis centria. aq umTavresad soflis meurneobas misdeven.
gabatonebuli mdgomareoba uWiravs kartofilis kulturas. kartofili, romlis warmoebam
warmatebiT Secvala winaT am mxareSi meurneobis farTod gavrcelebuli iseTi mZime da Sroma-
tevadi saxeobebi, rogoricaa mevenaxeoba, mexileoba, mesaqonleoba, meTambaqooba da sxva., ga-
cilebiT ufro rentabeluria da Seicavs TiTqmis yovelgvar vitamins. ukanasknel xanebSi kar-
tofilma sulieri kulturis sferoSic SeaRwia da iqac didi popularoba moipova. mag., Tu
adre saestrado koncertebze laye kvercxebiTa da dampali pamidvriT dacxriluli momRerali
mayureblis jinaze mainc Seupovrad ganagrZobda simReras, kartofilis didi kuTri wonis
meoxebiT amgvari suraTi amJamad ukve istoriis kuTvnileba gaxda, radgan efeqturad natyor-
cni kartofili srul garantias iZleva, rom momRerali im saRamos (calkeul SemTxvevebSi
samudamodac) scenaze veRar gamova. garda amisa, koncertis dasasruls madlier mayurebels
SeuZlia daxarjuli kartofili isev akrifos, radgan es iSviaTi kultura didxans inarCunebs
Tavis Tvisebebs da SesaZlebelia misi mravaljeradi gamoyeneba.
Tanamedrove sanaklio ekonomikurad mZlavrad ganviTarebuli, maRali kulturisa da sa-
nimuSo disciplinis qalaqia. dRes aq cxovreba duRs da gadmodis. rac gadmodis, specialuri
milebiT nakliswyalSi Caedineba da iqidan Savi zRvisa da xmelTaSua zRvis auzis gavliT msof-
lio okeanes uerTdeba. rac rCeba, is Cvenia, sanaklielebis.
Cinebuli geografiuli mdebareobis, bunebrivi simdidris, gacxovelebuli aReb-micemo-
bisa da kidev mravali sxva sikeTis wyalobiT (rogoricaa mag., xelmZRvaneli muSakebi) sanakli-
elebi tkbilad da bednierad cxovroben, dardi arafrisa aqvT, dRe mSvidad da uSfoTvelad
Tvlemen da Ramec aseve mSvidad da uSfoTvelad sZinavT.
sanklielebi TavianT qalaqs siyvaruliT xSirad samoTxes adareben da arcTu usafuZvlod.
marTlacda, aq isini TavianT gansvenebul TanamoZmeebze naklebad rodi grZnoben Tavs!
sanaklielebi wynari, mSvidobiani, Tvinieri xalxia, ician mtrisa da moyvris pativiscema
da gansakuTrebuli midrekileba aqvT zeimisaken. an ki ra sjobs sanakliur zeims nayofieri
Sromis Semdeg! sanaklielebi yvelafers zeimoben, yvela dResaswauls xalisiani cekva-TamaSiT
xvdebian (dResaswaulebs ki Zebna ar sWirdeba, radgan aq yoveli cismare dRe saswaulia). am
dros rom vertmfrenidan gadmoixedo, sulSi naTeli CagidgebaT imis danaxvaze, rom mTeli
qalaqi fexis wverebze dgas.
dRes sanaklioSi oTxmocdaTvramet aTasamde sanaklieli binadrobs. sul male qalaqis
cxovrebaSi dadgeba yvelaze amaRelvebeli wuTi: sanaklio Cveuli zar-zeimiT Seegebeba Tavisi
measiaTase moqalaqis dabadebas.
aseTia Cemi mSobliuri sanaklio da me diaRac vamayob, rom sanaklieli var~.
Txzuleba SabaT diliT mivitane skolaSi, xolo orSabaT diliT polievqtma igi Tavze ga-
damaxia.
gadaxevis win patara Sesavali sityva warmoTqva.
saklaso oTaxSi Semosulma erTi ki mwyralad gadmogvigdo, dasxediTo (rac wminda wylis
II nawili
formaloba iyo, radgan zeze aravin idga), mere rveulebi magidaze daawyo, daeWvebiT mogvavlo
Tvali, mzera Cemze SeaCera, cota xans micqira da miTxra:
_ adeqi zeviT!
me, yoveli SemTxvevisaTvis, iseT saxe miviRe, viTom brZaneba sxvas exeboda, da savaraudo
adresatis mosaZebnad cnobismoyvared mimovixede, magram polievqtma rom mkvaxed miTxra,
523
aca-baca nu gagirbis Tvalebi, viTam ar ici, Sen rom geubnebiano, zantad wamovdeqi.
maSin polievqtma Cemi rveuli aiRo, ise daiWira orive xeliT, rogorc micvalebulis su-
raTi uWiravT xolme procesiaze, da mkiTxa:
_ Sen dawere, biWo, es Txuzuleba?
_ ki, masw. _ mivuge me da Seqebis molodinSi moridebulad gaviRime.
polievqtma ar damijera.
_ Seni mosacvleli kbili, biZiko, _ SecdomiT Tqva man, _ polievqt woworias kai xania mot-
yuebuli aq. mara, vincxam es dagaweria, masxrad asagdebi saxlSi eyoleba. sad ginaxavs, biWo, Sen
kartofili sulier sferoSi, aa? an arqeologi sad ginaxavs sanaklioSi, aa? _ aq erTi mware
sinanuliT gadaiqnia Tavi da meocnebe gamometyvelebiT daumata, _ rato i dro araa, qe ro iyo!
icocxle-Tqva, miTxari, amis damwers ki ukravden Tavs viris abanoSi, ravarc bare oriza uqniaT,
mamaCem polievqtsa aq cxoneba!..
amis Semdeg gadaxevis rituals Seudga. rveuls orive xeli mouWira da, rac Zali da Rone
hqonda, gaswia da gamoswia. saxe daeZaba da Tvalebi odnav gadmoekarkla. klasSi samariseburi
dumili idga. yvelani sulganabuli mivCerebodiT. polievqts didi xani iyo araferi daexia da
guliT gvainteresebda, SenarCunebuli hqonda Tu ara sportuli forma. cota xnis Semdeg po-
lievqtma Seisvena, xelebi moaduna, Tan, yoveli SemTxvevisaTvis, mrisxaned da gamafrTxileb-
lad mogvaCerda. mere, ra daisvena, isev saqmes Seudga. meoTxe cdaze, rogorc iqna, piri gada-
uxsna (aqamde or cdaze meti arasodes dasWirvebia) da yvelam, imanac da Cvenc, SvebiT amovisun-
TqeT. raki erTi piri gadauxsna, gaxia, kidev gaxia, kidev gaxia, momiaxlovda, orive xeliT
Semomayara saxeSi, rogorc aRtacebuli mayurebeil Seayris yvavilebs valmoxdil msaxiobs,
da miTxra:
_ xval Tu mSobeli ar mogiyvania, skolaSi mosuli ar gnaxo!
me dedaCemis miyvana vamjobine. Tan biZaCem ionas windaxedulad vacnobe Txzulebis bedi.
biZaCemma viTareba sworad Seafasa, uTanasworo brZolas Tavi aarida da skolidan mobrunebul
dedaCems, polievqtgamovlilsa da gaalmasebuls, Sin ar daxvda. SabaT saRamomde ugzo-ukvlod
iyo dakarguli. biZaCemis aryofnaSi wyevlis aqcentma mTlianad Cemze gadmoinacvla, vinaidan
mamaCemi da Cemi da-Zmebi saamiso sababs ar iZleodnen. garda amisa, biZaCemis gaqrobiT SeSfo-
Tebulma dedaCemma mamaCemi aamoZrava, qalaqis xelisuflebs energiulad Seutia, sanaklios
mTeli milicia Tavis saxalxo razmebianad fexze daayena, wvril-wvril gundebad dahyo da xev-
xuvebi da sxva saeWvo adgilebi pirwmindad moaCxrekina.
biZaCemi SabaT saRamos dabrunda. dabrunda cocxali da saRsalamaTi. iseTi iyo, vardiviT
Ruoda da enas pirSi ver abrunebda. bolos, roca metyvelebis unari nawilobriv daubrunda,
morcxvad gamogvityda, rac aqedan wavedi, ar gamovfxizlebulvaro. mamaCemi kuSti saxiT Sevida
Tavis oTaxSi da kari jaxuniT miiketa, dedaCemma ki im Rames erTi Tavisi saukeTeso wyevlaTagani
warmoTqva, amaRlebuli da STagonebuli. me da biZaCemi pirdaRebuli vusmendiT da vcdilobdiT
arc erTi sityva ar gamogvparoda.
me Cems usaqmursa da usaqcielo biZas brmad Sevxarodi da didxans ver vatyobdi, ra xibli
hqonda aseTi, rom, roca ki Seyvarebuli ar viyavi, sxvasTan yofnas yovelTvis masTan yofna
merCia. mere da mere, roca wamovizarde, mivxvdi. mivxvdi, rom igi raRac Zalian iolad da arxe-
inad cxovrobda, araferi awuxebda da Tavs araferze itkiebda. irgvliv didi da patara yvela
sagonebels miscemoda, yvela raRacas Cioda, yvela raRacaze wuwunebda, yvela raRacas wyvetda
da arkvevda. biZaCem ionas yvelaferi garkveuli da gadawyvetili hqonda. erTxel, grZnobaT-
mozRvavebis Jams, rodesac sulSi boCola dakuntruSobda da laparakis saRerReli uSnod mqon-
da aSlili, es Cemi brZnuli, magram dauwmendavi STabeWdileba mamaCems gavuziare. mamaCemma
damidastura. oRond am dasturs mcire komentaric moayola: sxvis xarjze yvela iolad da
arxeinad cxovrobso, miTxra. mamaCemma iseTi laparaki icoda, rom, sanam giyurebda, mis naTqvamSi
II nawili
eWvs ver Seitandi. mec davijere da Cemi sanimuSo dakvirveba, cota ar iyos, gamiufasurda.
mxolod karga gvian, marTla rom gavizarde, mivxvdi, rom xarjSi ar iyo saqme. biZaCem ionasTvis
araviTari mniSvneloba ar hqonda, sxvis xarjze icxovrebda Tu sxvas acxovrebda Tavis xarjze,
radgan `xarji~ iseTive liton sityvad miaCnda, rogorc `movaleoba~, òjaxi~, `zneoba~ da
524
mravali sxva, romelTa gamo ubedurma homo sapiensma ase aiwewa da gaimwara cxovreba. raki
bedma mamaCemis saxlSi moiyvana, mamaCemis saxlSi movida, xval Tu sxvagan waiyvanda, sxvagan
wavidoda da mizezebis Cxrekas ar mohyveboda. problemebi ar awuxebda da amiT iyo bednieri.
problemebs Tavs aridebda-meTqi, ver vityvi. piriqiT, ufro marTebuli albaT imis Tqma iqneba,
rom problemebi TviTon aridebdnen Tavs. problemebs, sakuTari wonisa da mniSvnelobis Rrma
SegnebiT gatiknilebs, SiSi hqondaT, rom, rogorc ki biCaZem ioanas xelSi moxvdebodnen, myisve
samarcxvinod daiCutebodnen da wyalwyala da sasacilo Seiqnebodnen. imitom, rom biZaCemi
iona zRapris biWs hgavda, romelsac mTeli Tavisi avladideba patara boRCaSi gamoukravs, mxar-
ze gadaudvia da arxeinad da alalbedze, RiRin-RiRiniT dasdgomia gzas.
magram vin ar icis, rom zRapris biWs, raki erTi gzas daadgeba, adre Tu gvian, suravandiviT
Seeyreba Tavisi saeWvo bedniereba. bevric rom isxmartalos, bolos mainc mzeTunaxavi unda
SeirTos da taxtze dajdes. imitom, rom bediswera ganagebs yovelives, bedisweras sabeliT
vyavarT gamobmuli da yvelas yvelaferi Sublze gvaweria. madli ufals, kiTxva ar viciT da
ucxo molodinis grZnoba, es erTaderTi pewi da sayrdeni, mainca aqvs SemorCenili Cvens cxov-
rebas, Torem, dResve rom gavigoT, xval ras CavidenT, mgoni me da biZaCemmac ki veRar Sevinar-
CunoT sicocxlis xalisi.
diax, bediswera ulmoblad migverekeba mzeTunaxavebisaken.
rodesac sanaklios Tavze datrialebuli qarborbala Cadga, romlis damangreveli ze-
moqmedebis Sedegad dedaCemi mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi iseTi iyo, dana pirs ar uxsnida, xolo
mamaCemi mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi dedaCemis dasanaxavad iseT saxes iRebda, viTom dana pirs
ar uxsnida, me da biZaCemma ionam dinjad gavaanalizeT yvelaferi da davadgineT, rom bedisweris
mzakvari xeli jer kidev didi xnis win gamoCenila, kerZod, im avadsaxsenebeli Txzulebis
boloswina abzacSi, sadac laparaki iyo sanaklios measiaTase moqalaqis sazeimo dabadebaze. me
vamtkicebdi, rom biZaCemma ionam Tavisi bediswera TviTonve gaaRviZa. biZaCemi iona Cems mo-
sazrebas ar iziarebda. Sen jer axalgazrda xar da ar ici, rom, rasac ar sZinavs, imas gaRviZeba
ar esaWiroebao, meubneboda, me Cemi bediswera ki ar gavaRviZe, ubralod, provokaciulad ga-
moviwvie da vaiZule gamoCeniliyo, magram, samwuxarod, uqmad gavisarje, vinaidan, gamoCeniT
ki Tumca gamovaCine, danaxviT ver davinaxeo. SeiZleba marTla ase iyo, yovel SemTxvevaSi, am-
gvari rameebi Cemze ukeT biZaCemma icoda.
me im weliwads skolas vamTavrebdi, xolo Cemi Txzulebis mesame mowmes, sawyal polievqts,
mis wilad dasaxevi yvela rveuli ukve daxeuli hqonda da, amqveyniuri samoTxidan imqveyniur
samoTxeSi gadabargebuli, uSfoTvelad ganisvenebda sanaklios turfa sasaflaoze.
yvelaferi daiwyo imiT, rom Semodgomis erT wynar, cota naRvlian saRamos telefonma
dareka. mamaCemma, romelsac sanaklios orive gazeTi edo win da meTaur statiebs yuradRebiT
adarebda erTmaneTs, yurmili aiRo da Tqva:
_ gismenT!
yurmilSi qalis xma gaisma. neli, saamo da moRuRune:
_ iona kamkamiZe minda, Tu SeiZleba.
mamaCems, etyoba, SeeSinda, rom qali SeiZleboda Tavis xmas mavTulSi Semohyoloda da yur-
milidan gamomZvraliyo. amitom civad miugo:
_ ar aris, batono, saxlSi iona kamkamiZe! _ am sityvebiT yurmili ukmayofilod daagdo da
tuCebis moZraobaze Seetyo, rom erTi im sityvaTagani warmoTqva, romelTa warmoTqmas me,
magaliTad, sastikad mikrZalavdnen.
imav wuTs telefonma xelaxla dareka. mamaCemma kvlav aiRo yurmili. yurmilSi kvlav gaisma
igive moRuRune xma. mamaCemma is iyo kvlav daiwyo, me mgonia garkveviT giTxariTo, rom moRu-
Rune xmaSi uecrad raRac ucxo da mkveTri kilo SeiWra.
II nawili
_ moiTmineT, amxanago! _ ise Tqva xmam im ucxo da mkveTri kiloTi, rom mamaCems cali warbi
maRla gaeqca da yurmili dadebis nacvlad kidev ufro miiWira yurze. maSin xmam isev rbilad,
saamod ganagrZo, _ kacia gogias mdivani gelaparakebaT. gadaeciT baton iona kamkamiZes, rom
xval or saaTze CvenTan unda mobrZandes, baton kacias TaTbiri aqvs da baton ionas sTxovs,
ueWvelad daeswros.
525
batoni kacia sTxovs baton ionas!
mamaCemma yurmili akankalebuli xeliT dado da pirjvari gadaiwera, rasac Tavisi Tanam-
debobrivi da sazogadoebrivi mdgomareobis gamo TiTqmis arasodes sCadioda.
kacia gogia mTlad sanaklios ufrosi iyo da, Tumca me didxans ar vicodi, romeli iyo
saxeli da romeli gvari, es Cemi ucodinaroba srulebiT ar uSlida xels qalaqis marTvaSi.
biZaCemi iona naSuaRamevs movida. megobrebSi pokeri eTamaSa da samocdaTeqvsmeti maneTi
waego. mamaCemma rom axali ambavi acnoba, gakvirvebiT maincdamainc ar gakvirvebia, esa Tqva
mxolod, cota gvian daeniSna ojaxaSenebuls, magas me torola xom ar vgonivaro.
meore dRes, biZaCemi iona rom TaTbiridan dabrunda, ufro dawvrilebiT SevityeT yove-
live. SekiTxvebs aZlevda mamaCemi, magram es SekiTxvebi Zalian Sors wagviyvans, vinaidan mamaCems
iseTi wvrilmanebi ainteresebda, romlebic, Cemi azriT, araviTari yuradRebis Rirsi ar aris,
mokled ki saqme ase yofila: TaTbiri exeboda sazeimo samzadiss, xolo zeimi eZRvneboda sa-
naklios measiaTase moqalaqis momaval dabadebas, rac yvela niSnis mixedviT male unda mom-
xdariyo, da saiubileo komisiis mdivnad _ bolomde daudgeneli darCa, romeli geniosis wi-
nadadebiTa da iniciativiT _ dauniSnavT biZaCemi iona.
mamaCems Tavi ise eWira, viTom araferi.
dasawyisSi yvelas erTsulovnad migvaCnda, rom biZaCemi ionasTvis aseTi saqmis mindoba,
meti rom ara vTqvaT, Secdoma iyo. Tu vinmes raime komisiasTan saqme hqonia, ecodineba, rom
mdivani is kacia, vinc mTeli komisiis magivrad unda imuSaos. biZaCem ionas SeeZlo mTeli komi-
siis magivrad eZina, mTeli komisiis magivrad usaqmod exetiala da mTeli komisiis magivrad
pokeri eTamaSa. muSaobas rac Seexeba, muSaoba sakuTari Tavis magivradac Zalian uWirda. amitom,
bunebrivia, movelodiT, rom komisia dRedReze mixvdeboda Tavis Secdomas da Ze SecTomili
male mSobliur keras daubrundeboda.
yvela Cvenganis didad gasaocrad (swored aq gamoCnda imis genialuri SorsmWvreteloba,
vinc biZaCemi iona komisiis mdivnad daniSna) saqme sul sxvagvarad warimarTa. biZaCem ionas
moulodnelad paTologiuri aqtiurobis umZimesi forma Seeyara da mTeli Tavisi codviani
arsebiT ise Caeflo saiubileo saqmianobaSi, rom amqveynad sxva yvelaferi daaviwyda. ramden-
jerme (roca karg fexze avmdgarvar da gakveTilebis gasacdenad damajerebeli mizezi momi-
gonebia) Cemi TvaliT minaxavs, rom TerTmetis naxevarze ukve zeze iyo da qafqafa CaiT yels
iTuTqavda, aqao da sxdomaze magviandebao. Sinaurebma gamocdilebiT vicodiT, rom es ambavi
kargs arafers moaswavebda. sibejiTis recidivebi biZaCem ionas, marTalia, arc Tu xSirad, mag-
ram adrec hqonia da, roca ki hqonia, yovelTvis raRac moulodneli katastrofiT damTavre-
bula. litoni gancxadeba rom ar gamomivides, erT tipiur magaliTs gavixseneb. erTxel aTasi
maneTi dasWirda. rad undoda, ar vici. Tu mis naTqvams davujerebT (rac mTlad marTebuli
saqcieli ar iqneba), TviTon ki ar sWirdeboda, aramed mis erT uaxloes megobars, romlisTvisac
am aTasi maneTiT yofna-aryofnis sakiTxi wydeboda. `yofna-aryofnis sakiTxi~ Cemi azriT, ufro
mamaCemis gulis gasalRobad iyo naTqvami, magram mamaCemis guli ar galRva. mamaCemis guli ar
galRva, fulis Sovnis sxva wyaro ki biZaCem ionas ar hqonda. maSin fiqri daiwyo. erTxel, naSu-
adRevs, damiZaxa da daxmareba mTxova: Tavis oTaxSi Semiyvana, skamze damsva, TviTon Cems pir-
dapir dajda meore skamze, mZime safiqrali maqvs da azris mosakrebad cota xans rame sicarieles
unda vuyuroo, miTxra da daJinebiT momaCerda SublSi. TiTqmis naxevari saaTi vexmarebodi.
bolos kmayofili wamodga, agaSena RmerTma, Sen rom ar myavde, ra meSvelebodao, da sadRac
wavida. erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi ise darboda da fusfusebda, mTeli ojaxi amovardnili viya-
viT cxovrebis Cveuli ritmidan. kviris Tavze aTasi maneTi moitana da Tavisi uaxloesi megob-
ris yofna-aryofnis sakiTxi dadebiTad gadaWra. swored am periodSi sanaklios ganapiras, erT
patara dasaxlebas, romelsac ZroxaTubani erqva, gza gauyvanes. es iyo sul naxevarkilometriani
monakveTi, magram iseTi gaubedurebuli, rom misi gamoisobiT ZroxaTubani kai xuTi weliwadi
II nawili
TiTqmis mTlianad mowyvetili iyo qalaqs. manqana ra saTqmelia, fexiTac ki ise Wirda siaruli,
erT napirs rom mTeli miadgebodi, meore napirze SeiZleba nawiliRa gasuliyavi. kargi adgili
iyo. bavSvebi xSirad davdiodiT iq da nair-nair Sejibrebebs vmarTavdiT. erTxel biZaCemma
ionam ambavi moitana, viTom ZroxaTubnelebs naxWevanidan viRac saxelganTqmuli jambazi Ca-
526
moeyvanaT da Tokze siarulis swavla daewyoT. me es maincdamainc ar mjeroda. jer erTi, ver
daviCemeb, rom biZaCemi yovelTvis marTals ambobs, da meorec, Tokze siaruls ra iseTi simar-
jve unda, rom aseTi gzis gadalaxvaSi gamodgomodaT. ase iyo Tu ise, bolos da bolos, ZroxaT-
ubnelebs gza gauyvanes. iseTi gza gamovida, maxsovs, klasis xelmZRvanelma sagangebod wagviy-
vana eqskursiaze mis sanaxavad. Tavidan, ra Tqma unda, azrad aravis mosvlia, rom am gzis gayvanas
SeiZleboda raime kavSiri hqonoda biZaCem ionas moulodnel gaaqtiurebasTan. arada, pirda-
piri kavSiri hqonia. rogorc mogvianebiT gamoirkva, ZroxaTubnelebisTvis es gza swored bi-
ZaCem ionas gaeyvana da honorarad aTasi maneTi aeRo. im xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi, rac qalaqis
civilizebul nawils mowydnen, ZroxaTubnelebma bevri irbines, bevri iCivles, bevri weres,
bevri ikiTxes, bevri iyayanes da bevri igines, magram ara gamouvidaT ra. roca yvela gza mosinjes
da sabolood miecnen sasowarkveTas, erT mSvenier dRes, Turme, visac gzebis gayvana evaleboda,
TviTon swvevia ZroxaTubans da iqaurebisTvis sityviT miumarTavs. Tqve ojaxqoreboo, uTqvams,
Wama gindaT, sma gindaT, mze gindaT, mTvare gindaT, gaTboba gindaT, ganaTeba gindaT, gza gin-
daT, xidi gindaT da fulis gadaxda ar gindaT, rogoraa Tqveni saqmeo, da winadadeba miucia,
SekribeT oc-oci maneTi, oc-oci maneTi ar dagaqcevT, da sam kviraSi gzas gamogiyvanTo. Zro-
xaTubanSi xuTasi ojaxi cxovrobda, magram xuTasive xelmoWerili iyo da didxans Turme kbi-
lebiT icavdnen TavianTi SromiTa da ofliT monagar oc-oc maneTs. sabolood aT-aT maneTze
morigebulan. saswrafod SeuqmniaT komisia sami mowinave ZroxaTubnelis SemadgenlobiT da
swored im dros, roca siebiT unda daewyoT kardakar siaruli, asparezze moulodnelad biZa-
Cemi iona gamovida. biZaCem ionas komisiis wevrebi erTad Seuyria da axla mas miumarTavs sit-
yviT. ver xedavT, Tqve doylapiebo, rom gatyuebeno, uTqvams, aT-aTi maneTi ra ambavia, aT mane-
Tad sanaklios bazarze lamis aTi kilo kartofilis yidva SeiZleba, an sami kvira rad undaT,
dalocvilebs stambolamde xom ar gahyavT gza, sul xuTasi metria dasagebio, da, kargad rom
auRelvebia komisiis samive wevri, Tavis mxriv gacilebiT sarfiani winadadeba miucia: or-ori
maneTi SemikribeT da erT kviraSi gzas CagabarebTo. ZroxaTubnelebs aT-aTi maneTi ukve ga-
moglovili hqondaT, amitom am axal ambavs iseTi sixaruliT Sexvdnen, TiTqos or-or maneTs
ki ar kargavdnen, aramed rva-rva maneTs saCuqrad iRebdnen. amgvarad saqmis erTi mxare biZaCemma
ionam warmatebiT moagvara, axla gzis gayvanaRa iyo saWiro. rogorc Semdeg gamoirkva, im dRe-
ebSi biZaCemi iona iseT saeWvo adgilebSi enaxaT, rogoricaa stamba, samxatvro saswavlebeli,
fotolaboratoria, xe-tyis gadamamuSavebeli qarxana da ra vici... viRacam nagvianevad isic
gaixsena, bazris kuTxeSi gasaberi buStebi iyidao, rac sruli WeSmariteba iyo. operacia rom
uecari katastrofiT damTavrda, biZaCemma ionam TviTonve miambo yvelaferi Seufereblad
optimisturi kiloTi. mas Semdeg, rac mosamzadebeli samuSaoebi warmatebiT daumTavrebia,
erT dRes sanimuSod gamowyobila da iq misula, saca jer ars. piradi mdivani rom Sesasvlels
ise gadafarebia, rogorc lods miafareben gamoqvabuls, sadac saunje aqvT gadamaluli, biZaCem
ionas Tavis mravalricxovan mowmobaTagan (gaxsovT, albaT, ramdenime Tveze mets verc erT
samsaxurSi ver Zlebda) erT-erTi, romelsac, misi aziT, yvelaze saimedo Sesaxedaoba hqonda,
odnav amouwevia jibidan, mkacrad mravalmniSvnelovani gamometyvelebiT daunaxvebia mdiv-
nisTvis, civi da cota idumali xmiT uTqvams, aravin SemouSvao, da, roca yovelive amiT Sem-
krTali da dabneuli lodi gamoqvabulis pirs Camosclia, warmatebiT SeuRwevia daniSnulebis
adgilas. damxdurs xmaurze Tavi auRia da, biZaCemi iona rom daunaxavs, mkvaxe gakvirvebiT
ukiTxavs, Tqven vin brZandebiT da aq ra gindaTo. biZaCem ionas TiTi tuCze miudvia, CCSuo,
uTqvams, mere xmadabla daumatebia, es Cemi darbazoba rom gaxmaurdes, mec daviRupebi da Tqven-
co. raSia saqme, amxanagoo, mainc ver mouSorebia mkvaxe kilo damxvdurs. Tqven, ra Tqma unda,
ar gemaxsovrebaT, biZaCems miugia, me ki ra damaviwyebs im mamaSvilur amags, rac Cemze migiZ-
RviTo, ar megona, Tu rodisme gadaxdas SevZlebdi, magram, etyoba, samyaros gamrige zogjer
II nawili
CemisTana patara kacsac aZlevs Sanss da me dRes usazRvrod bednieri var, rom saSualeba maqvs
samagiero samsaxuri gagiwioTo. amaze damxvdurs yoymaniT uTqvams, ki maxsovs bundovnad Tqveni
saxe, magram veRar vigonebo. maSin biZaCem ionas jibidan ramdenime buSti amouRia, magidaze
dauyria, saCvenebeli TiTi miuSveria da aio, uTqvams. es ra ariso gakvirvebia imas. es Tqven
brZandebiTo, upasuxnia biZaCem ionas. ras laparakob, kaco, Sen, es buStebiao, cota gamwyrala
527
is. erTi SexedviT marTla buStebs Camogavso, kveri daukravs biZaCem ionas, da Tqven Tu brZan-
debiT, Zneli SesamCnevia, sanam ar gaiberebao. am sityvebiT erTi buSti auRia, haeri rom iolad
Sesuliyo, xeliT gauwelia da gaberva dauwyia. rom gauberia da imas buStze Tavisi portreti
daunaxavs, jer raRac xma amouSvia, romlis Sinaarsi biZaCems ver gaugia, mere slokini astydomia.
biZaCems rom buSti Seutrialebia da meore portreti uCvenebia, mere kidev rom Seutrialebia
da mesame portreti uCvenebia, imas slokini kidev ufro gasZlierebia. bolos, slokinsa da
slokins Soris uTqvams, es ras niSnavs, amxanago, amixsenio. biZaCem ionas buStis mogrexili
bolosTvis xeli gauSvia. haeri rom SxuiliT gamosula, daCutuli buSti isev magidaze daugdia
da uTqvams, es xalxis risxvaao. imas ar daujerebia: ras qvia xalxis risxva, nikolozis dro xom
ar ariso. es ki uTqvams, magram Tan meore buSti auRia da SeeWvebuls TviTon dauwyia gaberva.
maSin biZaCem ionas mesame buStis gaberva dauwyia. isxdnen Turme oriveni da buStebs beravdnen,
rac, biZaCemi ionas varaudiT, gareSe TvalisTvis albaT cota ucnauri sanaxaoba unda yofiliyo.
axladgaberil buStebzec rom Tavisi sam-sami portreti unaxavs, imas xasiaTi sabolood gah-
fuWebia da gulmosuls ukiTxavs, vin qna eso. maSin biZaCems yvelaferi wvrilad uambnia: Tavga-
sul ZroxaTubnelebs raRac naxevarkilometriani gzis gulisTvis amboxebis mowyoba ganuz-
raxavTo. amboxebis mowyoba, mogexsenebaT, imiTaa Zneli, rom xalxs piris Sekvra uWirs, am fu-
naqeqia ZroxaTubnelebs ki rogorRac mouxerxebiaT, xuTasi ojaxi muStiviT Sekrula da uT-
qvams, raRai xelisuflebas am erTi mtkaveli gzis gakeTeba ar SeuZlia, awi Cven viciTo. dRes
paraskevia. iqiTa kviras, zegisswors, dilaadrian, sanaklios laJvardovan caze ori aTasi aseTi
buStis gaSvebas apireben, raRa Tqma unda, Sesaferisi warwerebiTo. am sityvebiT axla fotosu-
raTebi amoulagebia jibidan. fotosuraTebze gamosaxuli yofila igive samportretovani buS-
tebi, romlebsac qvemoT, rogorc gaficul umuSevrebs, muyaoebi ekidaT da zed nair-nairi
(maT Soris gvarianad uxamsi) lozungebi ewera. fotoebze gamosaxuli buStebis nawili xis sa-
rebze yofila damagrebuli da, raki maspinZels maTi daniSnuleba ver gamoucvnia, biZaCem ionas
auxsnia, xuTasi cali buSti gasakeTebeli gzis gaswvriv iqneba orive mxares Camwkrivebulio.
masalebis daTvalierebas rom morCa, maspinZeli Turme erTxans Cumad ijda da TavisTvis fiq-
robda, bolos uTqvams, yvelas daviWer da cixeSi amovalpobo. Rirsni ariano, Tanxmoba miucia
biZaCems, magram ra sababiT daiWerT, politikuri amboxi es ar aris, socialuri da erovnulio.
ori aTasi buSti rom aseTi lozungebiT aiWreba mziuri sanaklios Tavze, Tqven, cxadia, mog-
xsniano, daumatebia mere. eg ki araferi, Tqveni Tanamdebobis kacs Tavganwirva Cemgan ar ges-
wavlebaT, magram qalaqs ra vuyoT, qalaqis prestiJi rom Seilaxeba, amas ra eSvelebao. aba,
abao, sinanuliT uTqvams imas da sabolood moRrecia saxe. manam imeora Turme, ra vqna da ra
vqnao, sanam isev biZaCemi iona ar daexmara. erTaderTi gamosavali dagrCeniaTo, uTqvams, unda
daaswroT da SabaT saRamos gamzadebuli gza CaabaroTo. imas erTxans kidev uyoymania, magram
ras izamda, TviTonve xedavda, rom sxva saSveli ar hqonda. wamosvlis win biZaCem ionas kidev
erTxel gaufrTxilebia, Tqveni Wirime, ar gamamxiloT, Torem, ZroxaTubnelebma rom gaigon,
me mogitaneT ambavi, Caqolva ar amcdebao. misaRebSi rom gamosula, piradi mdivnisTvis, rome-
lic misi sityviT uaRresad fumfula yofila, gamoTxovebis niSnad (Tu ar tyuoda) loyaze
xeli mouTaTunebia. me maSin iseT asakSi viyavi, rom yvelaze mkafiod swored es epizodi war-
movidgine da yvelaze didxans swored es epizodi damaxsomda. meore dRes sanaklios orive
gazeTSi ori erTnairi Sinaarsis susxiani statia gamoqveynda. statiebi mkacrad akritikebdnen
zogierT (saxeldebiT ar iyvnen moxseniebuli) Tbil Tanamdebobaze mokalaTebul biurokrats,
romlebic mSromelTa gasaWirs yurs ar aTxovebdnen, ris gamoc qalaqis erTi ulamazesi ubani
ugzoobis gamo araadamianur pirobebSi imyofeboda. Semdeg patara oda iyo miZRvnili qalaqis
xelmZRvanelobisadmi, romelmac droulad alagma biurokratebis parpaSi da mSromelTa sa-
marTliani moTxovnis operatiulad dakmayofilebas Seudga. marTlac, imave dRes gzis gayvana
daiwyo. momdevno SabaTs muSaoba damTavrda da ZroxaTubanSi sazeimo sxdoma da didi koncerti
II nawili
gaimarTa. kviras sanaklios orive gazeTma gamoaqveyna statiebi saTauriT: `kidev erTi kargi
saCuqari~. orSabaT saRamos stumrebi gvewvivnen. sami ucxo kaci movida da mamaCemisa da deda-
Cemis TandaswrebiT biZaCem ionas gamoucxades, motyuebiT rom ori aTasi maneTi gamogvZale,
is ori aTasi maneTi dagvibrune, Torem sasamarTloSi giCivlebT da uyare mere kakalio. mou-
528
lodnelobis pirvelma dabneulobam rom gauara, biZaCemi iona aRtacebaSi movida ZroxaTub-
nelebis moxerxebulobiT. rogorc mere gamomityda, gansakuTrebiT moswonebia Tanxis gaor-
keceba. Tumca vaWroba mainc dauwyo da imdeni evaWra, rom, bolos da bolos, aTas xuTas maneTze
Camoiyvana. vinc icis biZaCemisa da mamaCemis damokidebuleba iseTi cnebebis mimarT, rogoricaa
`prestiJi~, `Tavmoyvareoba~, `skandali~ da sxva misTanani, advilad mixvdeba, rom am saqmeSi
sabolood yvelaze dazaralebuli mamaCemi gamovida. mamaCemma ZroxaTubnelebs aTas xuTas
maneTi gadauxada. marTalia, am aTas xuTas maneTs biZaCemi iona, rogorc saxelmwifo bankis
sesxs, wlebis ganmavlobaSi faravda nawil-nawil, magram moralur zarals vin daufaravda sab-
ralo mamaCems! is ambavi, rom im xuTasmetrian monakveTs imTaviTve ìonas gza~ Seerqva (Zro-
xaTubnelebis sazeimo xumroba) mamaCemisTvis, cxadia, didi veraferi nugeSi iqneboda.
roca ojaxSi aseTi dinamiti gidevT, idiliaze laparaki zedmetia, xolo Tu erT mSvenier
dRes es dinamiti, imis nacvlad, rom TavisTvis idos kuTxeSi da iJangebodes, saeWvod aTuxTuxda
da sabediswero aqtiurobiT SromiT ferxulSi Caeba, asi Tvali da asi yuri unda gamoisxaT,
rom afeTqeba ar gamogeparoT da droze moaswroT ojaxis gaxizvna.
im dReebSi mamaCemi saxifaTo davalebaze gagzavnil mzveravs hgavda, dedaCemi Sefiqria-
nebuli saxiT iwyevleboda, xolo biZaCemi ionas popularoba sanaklioSi saaTobiT izrdeboda.
sanaklielebma xelad iynoses, rom xelisufleba maT grandiozuli zeimisTvis amzadebda,
da didadac gaixares, vinaidan, rogorc iTqva, zeimi Zalian uyvardaT. male isic cnobili Seiqna,
rom momavali dResaswaulis mTavari mamoZravebeli Zala, misi guli da misi mesaWe iona kamkamiZe
iyo.
saiubileo samzadisis sadaveebi biZaCemma ionam pirvelsave sxdomaze igdo xelT. es ar iyo
Zneli saqme da biZaCemis mxriv arc raime gansakuTrebul simarjvesa da moxerxebas moiTxovda.
piriqiT: komisiis danarCeni wevrebi im jiSisa da xarisxis adamianebi iyvnen, romelTa Sesaxeb
logikuri legendebi (umTavresad avtolegendebi) dadis xolme _ dReRameSi ocdaxuT saaTs
muSaobeno. am juris xalxs did da seriozul komisiebSi yofna ki esaxelebaT, ki SveniT, da rom
ar Seiyvanon, ki ewyinebaT da ki SeSfoTdebian, magram muSaobisTvis ver iclian. biZaCemi iona
swored amitom daniSnes mdivnad. pirveli sxdomis dRis wesrigic ZiriTadad imas unda miZ-
Rvnoda, rom komisiis danarCen wevrebs yovelgvari Savi samuSao nel-nela, nawil-nawil, Seum-
Cnevlad moexsnaT da biZaCemisTvis aekidebinaT. biZaCemma ionam isini am saqmisganac gaaTavi-
sufla, Tavadve daidga qedze uReli, sxdomaze grZeli, paTetikuri da patriotul-aRtkine-
buli sityva warmoTqva da komisiis wevrTa wamaqezebeli SeZaxilebis qveS yvela saqme TviTon
iTava. erTaderTi, rasac am xangrZlivi samzadisis periodSi komisiisgan moiTxovda, is iyo,
rom Jamidan Jamze sxdomaze mosuliyvnen da mdivnis angariSi moesminaT.
rac dro gadioda, biZaCemi iona ufro da ufro Rrmad efloboda SromiTi saqmianobis
blant WaobSi. am tragikulsa da gaugebar metamorfozas mTeli ojaxi SiSiT adevnebda Tvalyurs
da saxlSi mudam denTis suniviT idga avis momaswavebeli molodini. yvelaze mZime albaT Cemi
mdgomareoba iyo. Cemi gauxareli bavSvoba, romelic im periodSi ZiriTadad saskolo da sa-
mijnuro tragediebisagan Sedgeboda, biZaCemi ionas cxovrebis wesSi Tavisi cxovrebis wesis
gamarTlebas xedavda, biZaCemi iona eguleboda erTaderT sayrdenad, erTaderT imedad, erTa-
derT naTel wertilad sanaklios kunapet RameSi. da me mware tkiviliT vxedavdi, rogor qre-
boda es patara sinaTle, rogor mecleboda fexqveS sayrdeni, rogor Tvalsa da xels Sua vkar-
gavdi imeds. bolos ki, erT mSvener dRes, rodesac biZaCemma ionam dedaCemis or vrcel wyevlas
Soris warmoqmnili mcire pauziT isargebla da gamogvicxada, albaT Ramis gasaTevadac veRar
vivli Sin da nu damelodebiT, sawoli StabSi davadgmevine da, win da ukan siarulSi rom Zvirfasi
dro ar davkargo, iq daviZineb xolmeo, ca sabolood daifara tyviisferi RrublebiT da me
intensiurad daviwye cxovrebis amaoebaze fiqri. sabednierod biZaCems, rogorc sCveoda xol-
II nawili
me, sityva ar Seusrulebia. Tumca ki zogjer marTla gadaikargeboda ramdenime dRiT, ufro
xSirad mainc Sin eZina. es nugeSi ki iyo, magram Zalian mcire nugeSi iyo, radgan CemTvis srule-
biT aRar ecala, misi fiqrebi da, saerTod, mTeli misi arseba sazeimo samzadiss dastrialebda.
es kia, rom, roca Sin movidoda, yovelTvis dawvrilebiT gviambobda xolme Tavisi avbediTi
saqmianobis ambavs da amgvarad, Cvendauneburad, yvelani didi samzadisis monawileebad
529
vgrZnobdiT Tavs. Tumca gana marto Cven! im xanebSi presisa da radios meSveobiT mTels sanak-
lioSi gaismoda biZaCemi ionas mquxare xma. intervius interviuze iZleoda, yvela idea, yvela
problema, yvela gadawyvetileba sazogadoebis samsjavroze gamohqonda, qalaqi mudam saqmis
kursSi hyavda da aJiotaJic izrdeboda da izrdeboda.
komisiis wevrebs kviraSi erTxel regularulad uyrida Tavs. TveSi erTxel sxdomebs Tvi-
Ton kacia gogiac eswreboda, romelic oficialurad komisiis Tavmjdomare da saiubileo mza-
debis mTavari xelmZRvaneli iyo. komisia TiTqmis yovel kviras axal-axal ideebs ismenda, rom-
lebsac biZaCemi ionas frTagaSlili fantazia panta-puntiT isroda, da erTxmad iwonebda. erT-
erT pirvelsave sxdomaze biZaCemma ionam winadadeba Seitana, saiubileo medali daemzadebinaT
da axalSobili measiaTasisaTvis samSobiaro saxlSive mierTmiaT. komisiam winadadebas mxari
dauWira da eskizis Sesaqmnelad gamocxadda konkursi `sanaklio _ 100000~. konkursi daxuruli
iyo. daxuruli iyo xuTi mxridan, meeqvse mxares ki komisiisTvis, romelic amave dros Jiuric
iyo, datanebuli hqonda mcire WuWrutana. am WuWrutanam komisia-Jiuris pasiurobaSi cotao-
deni sicocxle Seitana. kerZod, uaxloes sxdomaze, rodesac winaswari TaTbiri gaimarTa mo-
mavali gamarjvebulis gamosavlenad, TaTbirSi komisia-Jiuris TiTqmis yvela wevrma miiRo
monawileoba. umravlesobas Tavisi sakuTari kandidatura hyavda, magram sabolood, ra yvela-
feri kargad misxal-misxal awones, gamarjvebulad scnes qalaqis mTavari mxatvari leonardo
didimamiSvili. sanam komisia bWobda, biZaCemi iona Cumad iyo, mere ki, komisiis azri rom gamo-
ikveTa, wamodga, gadaWriT gailaSqra didimamiSvilis winaaRmdeg, Tavis mxriv wamoayena vinme
karlo wuwunavas kandidatura da, roca TaTbiris monawileni erTsulovnad aRSfoTdnen, rad-
gan es saxeli da gvari arc erT maTgans ar gaegona, Tavisi mosazreba imiT daasabuTa, rom, jer
erTi, xsenebuli wuwunava sanakliuri geniis amomavali varskvlavia, romelic sul male yvelaze
maRal da miuval mwvervalebs daipyrobs, da meorec, wvrilSvilis patronia, viwrod cxovrobs,
gamofenebze ar iwveven da ojaxis rCena uWirso. raki komisia-Jiurim es motivebi sakmarisad
ar cno da brZola ganagrZo, biZaCemma ionam misi sijiutis gasatexad gadamWreli sabuTi moiS-
velia: raki ase gsurT, me CemdaTavad yvela movaleoba momixsnia da sxva mdivani eZieTo. aseTi
dilemis winaSe rom dadgnen, komisia-Jiuris wevrebma isev didimamiSvilis gawirva amjobines
(mogvianebiT, roca ori mniSvnelovani garemoeba gamoirkva _ wuwunavam marTla saukeTeso es-
kizi moitana, xolo didimamiSvils saerTod ar miuRia konkursSi monawileoba _ kacia gogiasa
da mTeli komisiis TvalSi biZaCemi ionas aqciebi kidev ufro amaRlda).
amis Semdeg momavali iubilaris ekonomiur uzrunvelyofas Seudga da am sakiTxis gamo
erT-erT sxdomaze komisiis winaSe vrceli moxsenebiT wardga. Secdoma rom ara mogvivides ra,
amTaviTve unda yvelaferi gaviTvaliswinoTo, aRniSna man, marTalia, sanakliel mSromelTa
cxovrebis done ukve ise amaRlda, fexis wverebze Tu ar Sedeqi, gadaxedvac ki Wirs, magram,
raki calkeuli gamonaklisebi jer kidev arsebobs, gamoricxuli ar aris, Cveni iubilari swo-
red aseT gamonaklis ojaxSi daibados; saxli ar hqondes, kari ar hqondes, saWmeli ar hqondes,
sasmeli ar hqondes, Casacmeli ar hqondes da dasaxuri ar hqondes. mere rom ar dagvWirdes
saxsrebis Zebna, roca _ yvelam kargad iciT Cveni finansistebis wuwuraqobis ambavi – SeiZleba
gvianRa iyos, sjobs amTaviTve SevqmnaT sagangebo fondi. Tu ar dagvWirda, xom kargi, da Tu
dagvWirda, saZebneli ar gagvixdeba. mogexsenebaT, measiaTase iseTi RirsSesaniSnaoba iqneba,
romlis naxvas qalaqis verc erTi stumari gverds ver auvlis, aseTi mniSvnelobis RirsSesa-
niSnaoba ki sanimuSo da saCvenebeli unda iyos, es Cveni prestiJis saqmeao. komisiam winadadeba
erTsulovnad moiwona da saiubileo fondi Seiqmna.
teqnikuri sakiTxebi rom moagvara, biZaCemma ionam Tavad zeimis mzadebas mihyo xeli. jer
zogadi gegma SeimuSava da komisias daamtkicebina. gegma mraval saintereso RonisZiebas iTva-
liswinebda, rogoricaa, magaliTad, Teoriuli konferencia Temaze `deda, mama da Svili –
problemis biologiuri da fsiqologiuri aspeqti~, gazeT `sanaklios dilas~ orfurcliani
II nawili
literaturul-saiubileo damateba saTauriT àu, ramdeni gavmxdarvarT ukve!~, saxeldaxelo

mitingebi warmoeba-dawesebulebebSi da mravalSvilian ojaxebSi, sazeimo koncertebi sabavSvo
baga-baRebSi, qalTa koncerti oficerTa klubSi, satransporto saSualebaTa sazeimo sayvirebi
qalaqis quCebSi da sxva. yvelaferi es unda momxdariyo measiaTasis dabadebis dRes. mTavari
saiubileo sxdoma da mSromelTa demonstracia gaimarTeboda sami-oTxi kviris Semdeg (raTa
530
iubilar deda-Svilsac SeZleboda masSi monawileobis miReba).
demonstraciisa da sazeimo koncertis dasadgmelad biZaCem ionas Tavidan profesionali
reJisoris mowveva hqonda ganzraxuli, magram mere, rodesac yvelaferi gulmodgined awon-
dawona, pirvandeli gadawyvetileba Secvala, radgan im dros reJisorebis mTavari rezervacia
TbilisSi iyo, periferiebSi ki, maT Soris sanaklioSic, mxolod ramdenime kuda reJisori
daboginobda, romelTa Canasaxovan gemovnebas Tavisi natifi fantazia ver ando da sabolood
am saqmesac Tavad mohkida xeli. scenari dawera da mizanscenebis mofiqrebas Seudga. zeimi
unda gamarTuliyo mTavar moedanze. tribunaze qalaqis xelisufalTa da Camosul stumarTa
garda iqnebodnen mravalSviliani dedebi, ramdenime axladSeuRlebuli wyvili da samSobiaro
saxlis warmomadgenlebi. tribuna morTuli iqneboda cocxali yvavilebiT da mravalferovani
transparantebiT, romelTa ZiriTadi motivi unda yofiliyo mowodeba gamravlebisaken (ro-
goricaa, magaliTad, `win, meorasiaTasisaken!~). scenaris pirvandel variantSi biZaCem ionas
gaTvaliswinebuli hqonda tribunis morTulobaSi iseTi detalebic Seetana, romlebic nayo-
fierebis simbolod gamodgeboda, magram komisiis wevrebi, romelTac es sakiTxi TavTavianT
ojaxebSi ganexilaT, iseTi kategoriuli gawiwmatebiT winaaRudgnen am ganzraxvas, rom biZaCemi
iona iZulebuli Seiqna amjerad daTmobaze wasuliyo. tribunas uwyvet nakadad Cauvlida qa-
laqis TiTqmis mTeli mosaxleoba. yvelaze win, lamazad morTul orcxenian etlSi, ijdeboda
iubilaris ojaxi. etls mihyvebodnen cxenebze amxedrebuli rCeuli sanaklieli Wabukebi, mxed-
rebis ukan _ bebia qalebi TeTr xalaTebSi, Semdeg _ SeTqvirebuli gogoebi lozungebiT: `mec
minda deda gavxde!~ da a. S. da a. S. mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi moednis didi nawili daTmobili
eqneboda koncertis monawileebs _ mocekvaveTa ansamblebs, momReralTa gundebs, msaxiob-
deklamatorebs, akrobatebs, iluzionistebs, xumarebs, xalxur mTqmelebs da sxv. skverebSi
da mozrdil gzajvaredinebze sufrebi iqneboda gaSlili. dResaswauli unda damTavrebuliyo
saerTo-saxalxo purisWamiT.
aseT masStabur speqtakls sanaklieli reJisorebi, cxadia, ver gaumklavdebodnen, amitom
biZaCemma ionam yvelaferi TviTon itvirTa da mxolod asistentebi moiTxova, romelTac mis
gankargulebaTa usityvo Sesruleba evalebodaT.
imisaTvis, rom mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi qalaqs measiaTase moqalaqis molodiniT ec-
xovra, sanaklios orive gazeTSi Jamidan Jamze ibeWdeboda Sesaferisi werilebi, bolo Tves ki
sagangebo rubrika SemoiRes, sadac yoveldRiurad qveyndeboda cnobebi imis Sesaxeb, Tu ram-
deni daibada da kidev ramdeni darCa dasabadebeli. garda amisa, biZaCemma ionam saiubileo
komisiis saxeliT Tavidanve gamoacxada saerTo-saxalxo gamokiTxva, romlis Sedegadac unda
gadawyvetiliyo, ra saxeli darqmeoda iubilars. raki biZaCemma ionam winaswar ar icoda, biWi
daibadeboda Tu gogo, Tanaqalaqelebs sTxova orive SemTxvevisTvis gamoeTqvaT TavianTi sur-
vilebi. sanaklielebi xalisiT gamoexmaurnen mowodebas da male Stabs werilebis niaRvari
moaskda. sabolood vaJebis saxelebSi gamarjvebuli gamovida `kacia~, xolo qalebis saxelebSi
_ `vanda~.
erTi sityviT, biZaCemma ionam Cveni sayvareli sanaklio ise damuxta iubilis molodiniT
da ise gadaaviwya yvela sxva problema da yvela sxva sazrunavi, TiTqos es saintereso qalaqi
imTaviTve mxolod im mizniT Seqmniliyo, rom Tavis measiaTase moqalaqis dabadeba exila.
amasobaSi dro midioda da nanatri wami axlovdeboda.
rodesac saiubileo konkursis vada gavida, avtoritetulma Jiurim guldasmiT ganixila
warmodgenili eskizebi da pirveli adgili erTxmad mianiWa karlo wuwunavas. yvelasTvis mo-
ulodnelad, karlo wuwunavam, konkursis Sedegi rom Seityo, gancxadeba Seitana saiubileo
komisiis saxelze da (mas Semdeg, rac gulwrfeli madloba moaxsena Jiuris misi mokrZalebuli
Rvawlis esoden maRali SefasebisaTvis) iTxova, premiaca da kuTvnili honoraric saiubileo
fondSi gadaericxaT. karlo wuwunavam gancxadeba, wesisamebr, komisiis mdivans miarTva. biZaCem
II nawili
ionas, romelmac kargad icoda wuwunavebis ojaxis gaWirvebis ambavi, es uadgilo guluxvoba
da enTuziazmi Turme arafrad eWaSnika, gancxadeba ukanve daubruna avtors da mzrunveli ki-
loTi auxsna, rom saiubileo fondi sakmarisad Ronieri iyo da Sewirulobebs ar saWiroebda,
razedac karlo wuwunavas upasuxnia, kaco, Sen win iyure da Sens saqmes mixede, Cems fuls me
rogorc minda ise movixmaro, da, gaugebroba rom ara momxdariyo ra, gancxadeba oficialurad
531
gautarebia kancelariaSi. biZaCemi iona saxtad darCenila (da, saerTod, miuxedavad imisa, rom
yvela, vinc masze suleli egona, bolos, rogorc wesi, masze Wkviani aRmoCndeboda xolme,
verasodes saTanado daskvna ver gamohqonda). karlo wuwunavas keTilSobiluri saqcieli sa-
naklios gazeTebma meore dResve aitaces. gamoqveynda gamarjvebuli eskizis foto, avtoris
portreti, mozrdili interviu da erTi xelovnebaTmcodnis statia, romelic mkiTxvelebs
ukiduresi mxatvrulobiT mouTxrobda axalgazrda Semoqmedis niWierebis ambavs. xani rom
gamoxda, gamarjvebuli mxatvari kacia gogiasTan Caewera miRebaze da, roca rigma mouwia da
Sevida, aRelvebiTa da cota daulageblad uambo, Tu ra gaWirveba daatyda Tavs konkursSi ga-
marjvebis Sedegad. aseTi ra moxdao, uTqvams, raRac ori groSi Sevwire saiubileo fonds, Tan
xom ar unda gadamayolono. erTi rigiTi patrioti var da ise miyvars Cemi qalaqi, rogorc
danarCen sanaklielebs, arc meti, arc naklebi, Cems adgilas albaT yvela ase moiqceodao. ra
gmiroba, ris gmiroba, es gaxlavT Cveulebrivi moqalaqis bunebrivi moTxovnileba da, rom
mcodnoda, aseTi ambavi atydeboda, amas rogor vizamdio. mosveneba aRara maqvs mnaxvelebisagan.
Tu gareSe, Tu Sinauri, yvela Tavis movaleobad Tvlis stumrad mewvios da damaTvalieros,
viTom raRac unaxavi sanaxaoba viyoo. movidnen, vin oxeri, magram erTi patara oTaxi maqvs,
col-Svili davtio iq, Tu stumrebio. TviTon sul ar enaRvlebaT da me lamisaa saxlidan gada-
vikargoo. Tanac zogi iseTi stumaria, Tu ar gaumaspinZldi, ar ivargebs, arada, Cemi xelfasis
patroni romel erTs gavwvde, ojaxs SimSiliT xom ar amovwyveto...
mokled, sanaklios measiaTase moqalaqe jer kidev ar iyo dabadebuli, rodesac damwyebma
mxatvarma karlo wuwunavam axali bina da axali xelfasi miiRo, xolo sami Tu oTxi wlis Semdeg
(maSin me ukve karga xnis wasuli viyavi sanakliodan) qalaqis mTavar mxatvrad dainiSna, qalaqis
yofili mTavari mxatvari ki, l. didimamiSvili, sakuTari gancxadebiT gadadga pensiaze gas-
vlasTan dakavSirebiT.
Tumca Cvens saTqmels mivubrundeT.
rac ufro axlovdeboda didebuli wuTi, sanaklioSi miT ufro izrdeboda aJiotaJi. gaze-
Tebma umates werilebis raodenobasac da sigrZesac, radiokvanZi ukanasknel cnobebSi regu-
larulad gadmoscemda informaciebs samSobiaro saxlidan, gaizarda saiubileo komisiis sxdo-
maTa sixSire, amaRlda am sxdomebze kacia gogias daswrebis koeficienti. erTi sityviT, moax-
loebuli iubile sruliad sanaklios erTaderTi sulieri sazrdo gaxda. yvelgan _ quCebSi,
skverebSi, bazarSi, ezoebSi, sareclebSi, vaWrobis klubSi, skolebSi da prof. saswavleblebSi,
taqsebsa da troleibusebSi, kartofilis rigebSi da qalTa saparikmaxero salonebSi – yvelgan
measiaTasis xseneba iyo. TviT Seyvarebuli gogo-biWebic ki, romlebic qalaqis bnel-bnel kuT-
xeebSi gamalebuli varjiSobdnen kocnaSi, ise ver moisvenebdnen, Sua varjiSSi erTxel mainc
momavali iubile ar exsenebinaT.
xolo qalaqis pultTan idga biZaCemi iona da, ras fiqrobda, kacma ar icis.
idga, rogorc mTavarsardali, mxne, amayi, gamarjvebaSi Rrmad darwmunebuli, da dinjad
iTvlida.
cxra, rTva, Svidi, eqvsi, xuTi, oTxi, sami, ori, erTi...
da aha, dahkra didebulma Jamma: momavali measiaTasis dedas saiubileo tkivilebi daewyo.
biZaCemma ionam presisa da radios muSakebTan, komisiis sam wevrTan da sazogadoebriobis
ramdenime warmomadgenelTan erTad bolo ori dRe samSobiaro saxlSi gaatara.
measiaTase daibada aprilis camets, orSabaT dRes, gamTeniis xans, dilis oTx saaTsa da
ocdasam wuTze.
mogvianebiT, Cems kiTxvaze, maxaroblebi rom vestibiulSi gamocvivdnen da iq meloginis
ojaxis arc erTi warmomadgeneli ar aRmoCnda, gulma rame Tu gigrZno-meTqi, biZaCemma ionam
dafiqrebiT mipasuxa, rogor ara, maSinve reCxi miyo, magram Cemi tvinis yvela ToTxmeti mili-
ardi ujredi (sic) im dros mkacrad iyo dasaqmebuli, me xom mTeli sanaklios magivrad vaz-
II nawili
rovnebdi, da gonebam iolad CaaxSo gulis xma, danarCenebs ki, vinc iq maxlda, TiTo-TiTo
ujredis meti ar gaaCndaT, kacze erTi ujredi ki Cvens boboqarsa da rTul saukuneSi Zalian
cotaao.
vis ramdeni ujredi hqonda aprilis im ganTiads samSobiaro saxlis oTaxebsa da derefneb-
Si, amis angariSs ar movyvebi, vinaidan aman SeiZleba gvarianad pesimistur Sedegamde migviyva-
532
nos, mxolod imas vityvi, rom maTematika biZaCemi ionas saqme ar iyo.
sam maxarobels erTdroulad auRia starti da keTilSobiluri ganzraxviT – rac SeiZleba
male mielocaT ojaxisTvis biWis dabadeba _ didi siCqariT wamosulan vestibiulSi momlodine
sazogadoebisaken. erTi maTgani Sua distanciaze taburets wamosdebia da Sejibrs, sadac, ro-
gorc cnobilia, damarcxebuli ar arsebobs, vinaidan yovelTvis megobroba imarjvebs, imTa-
viTve gamoTiSvia. danarCeni ori ZaxiliT `biWia, biWi!~ bolomde ise mxardamxar morboda Turme,
rom gamarjvebulis gamovlena, biZaCemi ionas varaudiT, fotofiniSis gareSe SeuZlebeli iyo.
maxarobelTa SeZaxilebis pasuxad vestibiulSi mquxare taSi gaisma. cxadia, es saWiro da kargi
iyo, saiubileo biWi mTel sanaklios ekuTvnoda, magram maxaroblebi samarTlianad moelodnen,
rom milocvas konkretuli adresatic unda hyoloda. konkretuli adresati ki ar Canda da
daRlili da aqoSinebuli sprinterebi Sefiqrianebuli da cota gamwyrali saxiT acecebdnen
Turme Tvalebs. pirveli biZaCemi iona mosula gons da, sanam saerTo gakvirveba ufro mZafr
saxes miiRebda, ocdaxuTmaneTianebi dauZvria jibidan da gamarjvebuli morbenlebisTvis pri-
zebad daurigebia. amasobaSi travmirebuli maxarobelic gamomjobinebula da, biZaCemi ionas
xelSi ocdaxuTmaneTianebi rom daunaxavs, tkivili sul gadaviwyebia, wvivis areSi gadatexili
marcxena fexi saswrafod aukecavs, oden marjvenaze Semdgara, elviseburi askinkiliT wamosula
da uimedo da sawyalobeli xmiT uTqvams biZaCemi ionasTvis, biWia, biWi, RmerTma gagizardos
da gagimravloso, da es araswori misamarTiT warmoTqmuli sityvebi biZaCems kidev erTi oc-
daxuTmaneTiani dajdomia.
etyoba, biZaCem ionas Tu ToTxmeti miliardi ara, yovel SemTxvevaSi, rac hqonda, yvela
ujredi marTla dasaqmebuli iyo, rom am pirveli saeWvo garemoebisaTvis saTanado yuradReba
ar miuqcevia. amis nacvlad axalSobilis zoma-woniTa da janmrTelobiT dainteresebula. es
monacemebi male Seutyvia. bebia qali gamosula da ocdaxuT maneTad uTqvams, wona – oTxi da
samasi, sigrZe _ ormocdaTerTmeti santimetri, xma – boxi da janmrTelio. maSin biZaCem ionas
korespondentebi dauTxovia, jerjerobiT es zoga-di cnobebi mivawodoT mkiTxvels, danar-
Ceni nel-nela gamovuzogoT, rom mudmiv sasiamovno daZabulobaSi viyolioTo. isinic daya-
bulebulan, magram am dros fotokorespondentebi, romelTac, bunebrivia, RamisTevis safa-
suri undodaT, gaWinWylebulan, suraTis gareSe cnobas fasi ar eqnebao. maSin Turme, raki
axalmologinebulTan aparatis CxakaCxuki mizanSewonili ar iyo, erT sanitar gogonas, rome-
lic aq staJs agrovebda, raTa mere es staJi nakluli codnis kompensaciad gamoeyenebina da am
gziT umaRles saswavlebelSi moxvedriliyo, saswrafod gaxades tanT, qaTqaTa loginSi Caaw-
vines, gverdiT xuTiode dRis win dabadebuli erTi buTxuza biWi miugores da presis saidum-
loebaTa Rrmad mcodne fotokorespondentebma suraTi ise gadaiRes, rom mnaxvels bednieri
dedis ganwyoba egrZno, xolo saxe da sxva detalebi verc qalisa da verc bavSvis ver gaerCia.
raki presa moiSora da am gziT ujredebis nawili gamouTavisuflda, biZaCemi ionas yurad-
Rebis areSi myisve moeqca is ucnauri garemoeba, rom maxarobeli qalebis daZaxils zusti ad-
resati ar gamoxmaurebia, cota xnis Semdeg ki, roca imave maxaroblebisa da bebia qalis gamo-
kiTxviT dadginda, rom, rac iubilaris deda aq iwva, misTvis aravis moukiTxavs, biZaCem ionas
Turme gulma kidev ufro Zlieri reCxi uyo da mkafiod, cxadad (rogorc axla Sen giyurebo,
miTxra) dainaxa bedis ironiuli Rimili. Cemi azriT, tyuoda, radgan Cems kiTxvaze, marto
Rimili dainaxe Tu TviTon bedic-meTqi, veraferi Tqva, mxolod regveni miwoda, rac, SesaZle-
belia, simarTle ki iyo, magram kiTxvas srulebiT ver pasuxobda. asea Tu ise, biZaCemi iona
gvarianad SeSfoTebula, komisiis sam wevrs, romlebic Tan axlda, win gasZRolia da Semdgomi
kvleva-Zieba samSobiaro saxlis direqtoris kabinetSi gaugrZelebia. am kvleva-Ziebas Sedegi
ar mohyolia. samSobiaro saxlSi araviTari cnoba ar moipoveboda meloginis ojaxis Sesaxeb.
maSin sagonebelSi Cavardnil biZaCem ionas Tavad meloginesTan saubari mouTxovia da mas Sem-
II nawili
deg, rac eqims qalis janmrTeloba guldasmiT Seumowmebia da damakmayofileblad ucvnia, ne-
barTvac miuRia. TeTri xalaTi CaucmeviaT, TeTri qudi dauxuravT da, amgvarad, eqimisa da misi
asistentebis Semdeg biZaCemi iona aRmoCnda pirveli kaci, vinc iubilaris mSobeli deda ixila.
iseTi saxe hqondao, miambobda mere biZaCemi, iseTi mSvidi, iseTi saTno, iseTi RvTaebrivi
naTeli efina da iseTi Tbili, iseTi nazi da iseTi umwikvlo RimiliT Semomcqeroda, metismetad
533
SeSfoTebuli rom ar vyofiliyavi, metismetad Sefiqrianebuli da metismetad briyvi (es uka-
naskneli sityva gulze malamod momecxo, vinaidan am yaidis sityvebiT, rogorc wesi, yovelTvis
me majildoebda xolme, TavisTvis ki Zalze iSviaTad imetebda), am saxisa da am Rimilis Semxed-
vares windawinve unda gamomecno movlenaTa Semdgomi ganviTarebao.
biZaCem ionas guliTadad miulocavs vaJianoba da uTqvams, albaT gecodinebaT, rom Tqveni
biWi sanaklios measiaTase mcxovrebia da, amgvarad, iubilaris mSobeli brZandebiTo. qals de-
dobrivi siyvarulis gulSi Camwvdomi RimiliTa da cota misustebuli, magram saamo xmiT miugia,
me Tu ar vici, maS, vin icis, ori dRea jojoxeTur tkivilebs viTmeno, vis SeuZlia warmoidgi-
nos, ra Zala sWirdeba qals, rom bunebas ajobos da dawyebuli mSobiaroba mTeli ori dRiT
gadaswioso. am sityvebis Semdeg qalis saxeze gadafenili naTeli biZaCem ionas iseTi RvTaebrivi
ukve aRar eCveneboda, magram mis gulSi momxdari RirebulebaTa es gadafaseba, cxadia, bednieri
dedisTvis ar ugrZnobinebia, RimiliTa da didi taqtiT Camougdia sityva ojaxze da, ra Seut-
yvia, qals ojaxSi aravin hyolia, cota ar iyos, Secbunebula da gaubedavad da arc ise mkafiod,
rogorc ewada, uTqvams, es yvelaferi kargi, magram... mm... meuRle... ese igi, bavSvis mm... mama...
eeho, qals uTqvams, moukvdes deda Cems patara kacias, mama vin miscao. maSin biZaCem ionas saxis
nakvTebi imdagvarad gadaulagebia, rom zed samZimris gamometyveleba aRbeWdiliyo, da Ta-
nagrZnobiT ukiTxavs, nuTu gardaicvalao, wamsve qalis Rimilze mimxvdara, rom mizans aacdina,
nakvTebi ukanve gadmoulagebia, da aa, migatovaTo, ukiTxavs. arc momkvdara da arc mivutove-
bivaro, uTxra Turme qalma, Cemi patara kacia, Semoevlos deda, umamoao. apokalifsurma xilvam
rom gauara, biZaCems ufro prozauli, ufro realuri da praqtikuli eWvi auRia, magram am
Temaze saubari uxerxulad miuCnevia da, viziti rom rogorme sxva TemiT daemTavrebina, saxeli
da gvari ukiTxavs, rac anketidan ukiTxavadac kargad icoda. iamze burZglao, qals uTqvams,
Tqven Tu gindaT, iaia damiZaxeT, axloblebi iaias meZaxiano.
biZaCemma ionam Turme igrZno, rom mSobliuri sanaklios laJvard caze lega Rrublebi
gamoCnda, palatidan gamosulma saswrafod Camoureka komisiis danarCen wevrebs, sagangebo
mdgomareoba Seiqna da dauyovnebliv StabSi gamocxaddiTo, da im sam wevrTan erTad, romlebic
bolo ori dRea mudam Tan axlda, TviTonac Stabs miaSura.
biZaCemi ionas informacia imis Taobaze, rom sanaklios saiubileo, measiaTase mcxovrebi
nabiWvari gamodga, sxdomaze Turme glovis zariviT gaisma. didxans idga samariseburi dumili.
mere, roca pirvelma eldam gaiara, gamoirkva, rom iaia burZgla bevrisTvis nacnobi saxeli da
gvari iyo, xolo komiiis erTi-ori, SedarebiT axalgazrda wevri, saeWvodac ki SeiSmuSna da
skamze mousvenrad awrialda.
mcire xnis Semdeg biZaCemma ionam mZime, magram gverdauqceveli kiTxva dasva – ra vqnaT,
rogor moviqceTo _ da komisiis wevrTa gauvali, SeuRwevadi saxeebis danaxvaze mixvda, rom am
wuTidan moyolebuli mis ujredebs raRac damatebiTi da gauTvaliswinebeli tvirTi daawve-
boda. magram es momavlis bundovani da yru Zaxili iyo, romelic ucnobi brZolisTvis mowodebis
Soreul zars hgavda, Torem, rogorc biZaCemma ionam amixsna, roca komisiisTvis ukiTxavs, ra
vqnaTo, mxolod taqtisa da sifrTxilis im dozas gulisxmobda, romliTac qalaqisTvis es
moulodneli da savalalo viTareba unda SeeparebinaT, da im dros azrad ar mosvlia, rom
saqme SeiZleboda ise datrialebuliyo, rogorc datrialda.
raki komisiam mis kiTxvas pasuxi ver gasca, biZaCemma ionam gonivruli winadadeba Seitana:
aseTi pikanturi sakiTxebi ra Cveni saqmea, baton kacia gogias veaxloT, is aris komisiis patroni
da mTeli qalaqis alamdari da dae misma uzenaesma gonebam imtvrios Tavio. kacia gogias xsene-
baze komisiam SvebiT amoisunTqa. marTlacda (vis ar gamoucdia!), ramodena lodi gSordeba
kacs imis gaxsenebaze, rom arsebobs viRac, visac SeuZlia Sens magivrad ifiqros da Sens magivrad
wyvitos rTuli da saWoWmano sakiTxebi! komisia maSinve wamoiSala, magram male isev dajda,
vinaidan moagonda, rom jer kidev adriani dila iyo. kacia gogia rvis naxevarze dgeboda. lo-
II nawili
ginidan xom ar wamoagdebdnen amxela kacs! saaTnaxevari kidev isxdnen da bolos, roca kacia
gogias adgomis drom moawia, yvelani misi sasaxlisaken gaemarTnen.
kacia gogia sauzmes ujda. komisia rom Sevida da saiubileo wiaRSi warmoqmnili sagangaSo
viTareba acnoba, xizilaliani puri (kartofili ar uyvardao, amixsna biZaCemma ionam) Turme
534
haerSi gaSeSebia da wamiT damunjebula (biZaCemi iona rom am detals miambobda, me cnobierebis
nakadis rTuli asociaciis meSveobiT egnate ninoSvili momagonda), mere yava ramdenjerme ner-
viulad mouwrupavs da dafiqrebula. bolos fiqrebis Sedegi komisiisTvis gaucvnia, kerZod,
uTqvams, umamod bavSvis dabadeba bneleTis mociqulTa mogonili zRaparia, romelic sabo-
loo miznad masebis morCilebaSi yonfas isaxavso, gamocdileba da praqtika naTlad gviCve-
nebs, rom bavSvi ibadeba mxolod mamis dauRalavi Sromis Sedegado, es, SeiZleba iTqvas, bunebis
gardauvali kanoniao, am SemTxvevaSi etyoba saqme gvaqvs ara umamod dabadebasTan, aramed pi-
riqiT, mamobis mravalricxovani kandidaturebis erTobliv moRvaweobasTan, rac saSualebas
ar gvaZlevs namdvili mamis vinaoba davadginoTo. am mcire Teoriuli eqskursis Semdeg uTqvams,
samSobiaro saxlSi wavideT da yvelaferi adgilze gavarkvioTo. biZaCem ionas eWvi epareboda,
rom samSobiaro saxlSi imis garda, rac ukve gaarkvia, kidev SeiZleboda raimes garkveva, magram,
raki sanaklioSi ufrosebi arasodes cdebian, ar Sepasuxebia. samagierod telefons miwvda,
yurmili aiRo da samSobiaro saxlis direqcias komisiis Tavmjdomaris gadawyvetileba winda-
xedulad acnoba. gasvliTi sxdomis gamarTvas vapirebT TqvenTano, uTxra, sxdomas TviT batoni
kacia daeswrebao, amJamad batoni kacia sauzmes Seeqceva da, rom moaTavebs, wamovalT, ase rom
naxevar saaTSi albaT ukve mand viqnebiTo. biZaCemma ionam icoda, rasac akeTebda. samSobiaro
saxlSi wamsve dafacurdnen, iqauroba operatiulad daakriales, personals axladgauToebuli
xalaTebi Caacves, Tu vinme mTvrali iyo, Sin gauSves, melogine qalebi, romlebic TavianTi
rigis molodinSi derefnis sxvadasxva kuTxeebSi Sekrebiliyvnen da erTmaneTs intimur ga-
mocdilebas uziarebdnen, TavTavianT palatebSi Selales, SemosasvlelSi sazeimo wuTebisaTvis
sagangebod SeZenili didi noxi daages, wina fasadze yoveli SemTxvevisTivs droSac gadmofines
da amgvarad sapatio stumris Sesaxvedrad sanimuSod moemzadnen.
kacia gogia maRali kaci iyo da erTi SexedviT kaklis saberty Woks Camogavda, magram ad-
gilze garkvevam ukve arsebul cnobebs axali veraferi Semata. komisiis sapatio Tavmjdomare
meloginis anketas didxans gulisyuriT Cahkirkitebda da iseTi saxe hqonda, etyoba, fiqrobda.
xani rom gamoxda, Tqva: `mdaaa...~ da isev gaCumda. kidev rom gamoxda xani, Tavi aswia, komisiis
wevrebsa da gareSe damswreebs (samSobiaro saxlis direqtori da mTavari eqimi) qoruli mzera,
moavlo, xelisguli mkacrad dahkra magidis kides da xmaSi foladi gamouria: ukanono bavSvis
measiaTase mcxovrebad daniSvnas aravin gvapatiebso, Tqva, vin mogvcems imis uflebas, qalaqis
prestiJi SevlaxoTo, aq xmas dauwia da ukve savsebiT wynarad daabolova, komisiis wevrebs
vTxov TavianTi azri gamoTqvano. es, cxadia, ritualuri fraza iyo da komisiis wevrebs sinam-
dvileSi arafers avaldebulebda, radgan, imave ritualis Tanaxmad, roca kacia gogia saiubileo
komisiis (an sxva nebismier) sxdomas eswreboda, mTavar azrs yovelTvis TviTon gamoTqvamda,
danarCenebs mxolod kveris dakvra marTebdaT. marTlac, mcire pauzis Semdeg, roca ritua-
lurad darwmunda, rom xmis amoRebas aravin apirebda, Semdeg formulaze gadavida, keTili,
maSin me daviwyebo, da daiwyo. uprecedento SemTxvevis winaSe aRmovCndiT da, Tu droze rame
ar viRoneT, SeiZleba gamouval CixSi movemwyvdeTo. aq cota xans dayovnda, mere komisiis yve-
laze didTava wevrs miubrunda da rbilad hkiTxa, egeba kargad ver daviTvaleT, xviCa Cemo, da
daangariSebaSi Secoma mogvividao, da, roca xviCam saswrafod Seageba, gamoricxuli araferia,
gadavaTvlevineb Tavidano, kmayofilma dauqnia Tavi, gadaaTvlevine, gadaaTvlevineo. xviCam
bloknoti amoiRo da davaleba CainiSna, kacia gogia ki axla gareSe damswreebs (samSobiaro
saxlis direqtori da mTavari eqimi) miubrunda: `Semdegi ukve daibada?~ samSobiaro saxlis
direqtorma da mTavarma eqimma miuges: àxla itkiebs mucels erTi melogine~. `Zalian kargi~
Tqva kacia gogiam da isev xviCas mimarTa, àn egeba am xnis ganmavlobaSi vinme amoewera qalaqidan
da angariSSi ar Cagvigdia?~ `ki batono, egec SesaZlebelia. kacma rom Tqvas, ra daudgeboda
win!~, miugo xviCam. maSin saubarSi komisiis Tavmjdomaris moadgile Caeria, qalaq sanaklioSi
II nawili
kacia gogias Semdeg yvelaze pativsacemi pirovneba. man Tqva: ìqneb piriqiT, ki ar amoewera,
aramed Caewera~, da Tavisi azri rom ganemarta, dasZina, `xom ar ajobebs, kacia adamoviC, winaze
aviRoT aqcenti, rac ar unda iyos, ukve dabadebulia da faqtis saxiT arsebobs?~ kacia gogiam
erTxans Cumad uyura Tavis moadgiles, mere wynarad dauqnia Tavi da ikiTxa: `mama hyavs?~ samSo-
biaro saxlis direqtorma anketa moZebna, Caxeda da daadastura: `hyavs~. amiT nasiamovnebma
535
moadgilem mSvidobiani ironiiT Caicina da SeniSna: `mTeli sanaklio buSebad xom ar gadaviq-
ceodiT!~ gamsvleli sxdoma wesiT aq unda damTavrebuliyo, magram am dros Turme biZaCemma
ionam ikiTxa: ès yvelaferi kargi, magram am qals ra vuyoT?~ `romel qals?~, ver gaigo Tav-
mjdomarem. `namdvili measiaTasis dedas~. komisiis wevrTa ukmayofilo xmaurSi Tavmjdomares
ase uTqvams: `namdvili, iona Cemo, qveyanaze araferi ar aris. yvelaferi met-naklebad namdvilia
da, roca koreqtivis Setana aucilebelia, aucileblad unda SevitanoT koreqtivi~. ìm qalma
icis, rom measiaTasis mSobelia. Cven xom qalaqs yoveldRiurad vawvdidiT informacias!~ `vcde-
bodiT, ar unda gveqna. magram araferia: Secdoma, romelsac SeuZlia Semdgom zrdas Seuwyos
xeli, saSiSi araa. rac Seexeba mag qals, Tu rame daxmareba sWirdeba, davexmaroT. xom gvaqvs
saiubileo fondi! Tu saWiroa, sul magas movaxmaroT. nurafers daviSurebT. bina sWirdeba,
bina mivceT, erTdrouli daxmareba sWirdeba, erTdrouli daxmareba mivceT, samsaxuri sWir-
deba, samsaxuri mivceT. Tu WeSmariti patriotia, arc TviTon esiamovneba, rom qalaqs moraluri
laqa moecxos. sxvaTa Soris, es kargi gamaxsene, iona Cemo!~, aq komisias miubrunda, ìm qalTan
faqizi da taqtiani molaparakebaa saWiro. winadadeba Semomaqvs, es molaparakeba daevalos
amxanag iona kamkamiZes. vin aris momxre?~
raRa Tqma unda, Tavic ki aravis Seukavebia da biZaCem ionas kidev erTxel Caacves TeTri
xalaTi da kidev erTxel daaxures TeTri qudi.
biZaCem ionas kacia gogias winadadeba Tavdapirvelad savsebiT misaRebad da damakmayofi-
leblad ucvnia da Suamavlobac siamovnebiT ukisria, radgan, misi azriT mTavari ekonomiuri
sargebloba iyo, Torem measiaTasis saxeli da wuwunavas gamoCorknili medali vis ra Wirad
undoda.
magram am gonivrul varauds iubilaris dedam male ukompromisobis mRvrie wyali Seuyena.
biZaCemi iona palataSi Sesuli rom dainaxa, Tavidan alersianad gauRima Turme, rogorc
Zvelsa da karg nacnobs. biZaCemi skamze Camomjdara da zerele, qarafSutuli musaifi gaubams,
qalebs rom uyvarT da SeeferebaT, iseTi. cxadia, am garegnulad arxein saubars Tavisi mizan-
dasaxuloba hqonda, kerZod, Tavidan bolomde iseTi faruli laitmotivi gasdevda, romelic
qalis qonebrivi cenzis dadgenas isaxavda miznad. marTlac, Cems mzakvar biZas male dauskvnia,
rom iubilar dedas, Tu mcireoden sulier kapitals ar CavTvliT, sxva ara ebada ra, da Zalianac
gaxarebia, radgan kargad esmoda, rom, rac ufro Raribi aRmoCndeboda patara kacias deda, miT
ufro ioli iqneboda masTan molaparakeba. bolos, saubarSi rom aiyolia, nel-nela Seapara
Turme, saiubileo angariSSi, etyoba, Secdomaa daSvebulio. es mosazreba rom ufro damajere-
beli da saSiSi gaexada, daumata, visac daangariSeba evaleboda, kvadratuli fesvi sworad ver
amouRia, radgan niutonis binomSi ricxobrivi monacemebi mTlad simetriulad ar yofila
ganlagebulio, axla Tavidan angariSoben da veWv, saiubileo cifri kvlav Tqvenze movideso.
amis gagonebaze iaia burZglas msubuqi da rbili gamometyveleba erTbaSad waSlia da uecrad
Turme, rogorc gaWrili vaSli, ise damsgavsebia miqelanjelos qals, romelsac bavSvi auta-
tebia da, Tumc ki imedi aRara aqvs, mainc cdilobs warRvnas rogorme Tavi daaRwios. mere Tvali
TvalSi gauyria biZaCemi ionasTvis da uTqvams, binomebi da debilebi Tqvensken moikiTxeT,
icodeT, me cocxali TaviT arafers davTmobo. maSin biZaCemi iona mTavar kozirs Casula: binao,
Sepirebia, erTdrouli daxmarebao, samsaxurio. Tavisi iniciativiT isic daumatebia, sxva raime
ekonomikuri pretenzia Tu gaqvT, ar mogeridoT, miTxariT da yvelafers mogigvarebTo. iaia
burZglam uyura Turme am biZaCem ionas, uyura da bolos hkiTxa, Tqven iona kamkamiZe ara xarTo?
biZaCem ionas erTi ki gakvirvebia, mere gulSi kmayofilebiT gauvlia, mRvdeli WilofSi ic-
nobao, da uRiarebia, diax, qalbatono, iona kamkamiZe gaxlavarTo. mere ara grcxveniaTo, qals
uTqvams, vis ayolixarT amxela kaci, rom ayolixarTo, magaTi angariSi me kargad vici, magram
me Tqvens angariSs vendobodio, Tqven ar iyaviT, gazeTebSi rom cnobebs beWdavdiTo?! me Tqveni
angariSis kvalobaze vangariSobdi da Tqveni imediT vimSobiare dRes, Torem magaTi Semyure
II nawili
ase rogor gaviwamebdi Tavs da am jojoxeTur tkivilebs ori dRe rogor moviTmendi, guSin-
winve vimSobiarebdio. iciT Tqven, ras niSnavs dawyebuli mSobiarobis Sekavebao? ar iciTo. ar
iciT da RmerTma nurc gamogacdevinoTo! ras vifiqrebdi, Tqvenc Tu magaTi jiSis gamodgebo-
diTo!.. ra xania bavSvis gaCena minda da ver gamibedavs, sul imas vfiqrob, rom gavaCino, riTi
536
gavzardo-meTqi! am iubilis imediT, rogorc iqna, gavbede da axla meubnebiT, ver daiangari-
Seso?!. aki yovelgvar ekonomiur Semweobas gpirdebiano, biZaCems uTqvams, da ra aucilebelia
saiubileoc iyoso. amaze iaia kidev ufro gawiwmatebula: rac Cems kacias ergeba, enacvalos
deda, frCxilis odenas arafers davTmobo, cxared miugia, Tqveni ekonomia TqvenTvis SeinaxeT,
Tqve qurdebo da mamaZaRleboo, ra Sav qvad minda an saxli, an samsaxuri, Svils Tu sircxviliT
Tvali veRar gavusworeo! ra vuTxra, rom gaizrdeba da mkiTxavs, dedi, dedi, ratom me ara var
measiaTaseo? vuTxra, Seni measiaTaseoba, Svilo, binaSi da samsaxurSi gavcvale-meTqi? ha, vuT-
xra? amas mirCevT xom? Svilis bediT vivaWro xom?...
aq ori ucnauri da arabunebrivi ram momxdara: erTi _ iaia burZglas uecrad tirili avar-
dnia, da meore _ biZaCem ionas guli asCuyebia. aqviTinebuli qali rom sityviT ver dauSoSmine-
bia, ukiduresi zomisTvis miumarTavs: loginis kideze uRonod da usasood Camodebul mis
xels Turme zemodan Tavisi xeli daado da, rac SeeZlo, nazad da alersianad moefera. iaia
burZglas amaze jer Seuwyvetia tirili, mere isev ganuaxlebia da mere isev Seuwyvetia. bolos
cremli moiwminda Turme da ukve mSralad mohyva zluquns, es ra dro dagvidga, erTi kaci aRar
darCa amodena sanaklioSi, rom sawyal umamo bavSvs damcvelad daudges da samarTali gauCinoso.
swored am dros samkvdro-sasicocxlo brZola biZaCemi ionas or bunebas Soris erT-erTis
gamarjvebiT dasrulebula da biZaCemi iona Ralatis molipul gzas daadga. uRalata Tanamde-
bobas, uRalata komisias, uRalata movaleobas, uRalata sindiss, uRalata mTels sanaklios,
uRalata oTxmocdacxrameti aTas cxraas oTxmocdacxramet adamians da suli eSmaks mihyida.
rodesac Tavisi am usindiso Ralatis ambavs miyveboda, saxeze netareba ewera da kiloc netari
hqonda. o, es sakvirveli ram gancdaao, marwmunebda, axlac ki tanSi Jruanteli mivlis imis
gaxsenebaze, Tu rogor mevseboda suli da rogor memuxteboda sxeuli basri da diadi Ralati-
To, TvalnaTliv vxedavdi, rogor inacvlebdnen adgils principebi, Sexedulebebi, damoki-
debulebebi, simpaTiebi da antipaTiebi, rogor lagdeboda yvelaferi da rogor naTdeboda
samyaroo. visac Ralati ar gamoucdia, iman ar daitrabaxos, sisxlsavse cxovrebiT vicxovreo...
erTi sityviT, biZaCemi iona maRalfardovnad da paTetikurad (cota meti momividao, gamomit-
yda) dahpirebia iaia burZglas, Tu vyofilvar iona kamkamiZe, Tqven da Tqvens vaJiSvils aravis
davaCagvrinebo, sruli ZaliT aumoqmedebia Tavisi ToTxmeti miliardi (an ufro realuri ra-
odenobis) ujredi da im wamidan faruli da, rogorc qvemoT naxavT, gvarianad mzakvruli omi
gauCaRebia sakuTari komisiis winaaRmdeg.
upirveles yovlisa, kacia gogia da mTeli komisia daurwmunebia, yvelaferi rigzea, qali
Cvens pirobebze daviTanxmeo, mere ki, komisia rom kmayofili da damSvidebuli gaustumrebia,
is eqimi mounaxulebia, romelmac iaia burZgla moarCina. rogorc miTxra, am eqimis Sesaxeb
ukve Segrovili hqonda saWiro cnobebi, kerZod, icoda, rom igi, garda imisa, rom, sazogadod,
ToTxmetmarcvliani TeTri leqsiT metyvelebda, amave dros adgilobrivi kedlis gazeTis
`meloginis xmis~ redaqtori iyo, TviTon werda, TviTon xatavda da, rom moaTavebda, TviTon
hkidebda derefanSi TvalsaCino adgilas, da amas yvelafers xalisiTa da enTuziazmiT akeTebda,
radgan ager ukve mexuTe weli iyo am gazeTSi gagrZelebebiT aqveynebda Tavis oriaTasstriqo-
nian poemas, romelic mxatvruli kuTxiT aSuqebda abortis problemebs. biZaCem ionas kedlis
gazeTis redaqtorisTvis komisiis saxeliT Seuxsenebia, rom saWiro iyo sagangebo nomris ga-
moSveba measiaTasis dabadebasTan dakavSirebiT, eskizi TviTonve Seudgenia, gamosaqveynebeli
masalis Sinaarsi Camouyalibebia da Seupirebia, rom saRamosTvis gazeTi mzad iqneboda (saRamos
cxra saaTze gazeTi marTlac ukve derefanSi ekida. gazeTSi gamoqveynebuli iyo erTi meTauri
statia ideologiuri muSaobis Semdgomi gaZlierebis aucileblobis Sesaxeb, erTi ritmuli
proziT dawerili werili saTauriT `mSobliur sanaklios iamze burZglasagan!~, erTi liri-
kuli leqsi amave Temaze, kidev erTi werili, sadac avtori odas uZRvnida eqims, romelmac
iubilaris deda moalogina, marjvenas ulocavda da usurvebda meorasiaTasec misi meoxebiT
II nawili
gaCeniliyo, garda amisa, qveyndeboda poemis ocdameTxuTmete Tavis dasawyisi da patara iumo-
reska xalxuri zRapris stilSi imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra mZime da ekliani gza gamoiara patara kaciam,
ra dabrkolebebi gadalaxa, rogor ajoba WkuiT, xerxiTa da vaJkacobiT nair-nair devebs, gve-
leSapebsa da kudian dedabers, romlebic cdilobdnen misTvis measiaTaseoba moetacnaT da
537
Tavad mieTvisebinaT. boloSi daxatuli iyo safosto yuTi warweriT `mogvawodeT werilebi!~.
presa sanaklioSic ki didi Zalaa da Tumca kedlis gazeTi veraferi presaa, biZaCemma ionam
icoda, rom, roca codva-madli sasworis pinebze dalagdeboda da yovel misxals gadamwyveti
mniSvneloba miecemoda, ideologiuri brZolis iseT Jangmodebul iaraRsac ki, rogoricaa
kedlis gazeTi, SeiZleboda Zalian didi roli eTamaSa.
kedlis gazeTis saqme rom mouTavebia, wasula da `saRamos sanaklios~ korespondents swve-
via Sin, raTa brZolaSi namdvili presac Caeba. sufras rom misxdomian (sufra im dRes sanaklios
uklebliv yvela ojaxSi iyo gaSlili), uTqvams, sakvirvelia pirdapir, am xnis kaci sanam unda
tkepnide erT adgils, litmuSakad xom ar ginda mokvde, aRar aris dro, ganyofilebis gamge
gaxde, redaqtoris moadgile gaxde da es daxavsebuli `saRamos sanaklio~ Waobidan amoaTrioo,
Tu sxvaze naklebi xaro? eeh, Cemo ionao, korespondents upasuxnia, naklebi ki ara, me rom
Cvens ganyofilebis gamgeebs da redaqtors vuyureb, Cemi fexis frCxilad ar Rirs arc erTi,
magram ra ginda qna, patroni unda gyavdes kacso. kargi, kargi, moveSvaT amaso, banze augdia
sityva Cems cbier biZas da saubari sxva saganze gadautania, radgan eWvi ar epareboda, rom
saRerRelaSlili korespondenti axla TviTon aRar gaCerdeboda. marTlac ar gaCerebula.
maSin biZaCem ionas xmadabla, saidumlo kiloTi uTqvams, Seni piradi pativiscema, Cemo imano,
Torem ra mrjiso, rac aris, aris, iubilaris dedis saxelsa da gvars getyvi da Sens informaciaSi
Seitane, oRond ar gamTqva, Torem `sanaklios dilaSi~ sul Cemi axlobeli xalxi muSaobs da
samudamod damkargaveno. `saRamos sanaklios~ korespondenti ficiT Sehpirebia, ar gagTvqamo.
da im saRamos sanaklios sagazeTo cxovrebaSi mniSvnelovani gardatexa moxda: dilisa da
saRamos gazeTebi erTmaneTisagan gansxvavdeboda. kerZod, informaciaSi, romelic measiaTase
moqalaqis dabadebas iuwyeboda, dilis gazeTis bolo fraza iyo: `patara kacia da misi bednieri
dediko Tavs Cinebulad grZnoben~, xolo saRamos gazeTisa: `patara kacia da misi bednieri
dediko – iamze (anu rogorc axloblebi eZaxian, iaia) burZgla – Tavs Cinebulad grZnoben~.
`saRamos sanaklios~ moxuc korespondents sityva ar gautexia, biZaCemi ionas saeWvo namusi
vaJkacurad Seunaxavs da dakiTxvaze, romelic kacia gogias kabinetSi mimdinareobda biZaCemisa
da komisiis ramdenime sxva wevris TandaswrebiT, informaciis wyaro ar dausaxelebia. Tumca,
unda iTqvas, maincdamainc arc vinmes Zala dautanebia, radgan am mZime viTarebaSi kacia gogias
damnaSavis dasja imdenad ar ainteresebda, ramdenadac daSvebuli Secdomis gamosworeba. es
saqme ki, rogorc sando da nacad kacs, kvlav biZaCem ionas miando. biZaCemi iona Rrmad da yasidad
dafiqrebula da aseTi gegma SeuTavazebia: rodesac axal measiaTases SevarCevT, cnoba ise ga-
movaqveynoT, rom dedis saxelsa da gvars bunebrivad da taqtianad avuaroT gverdi. metic:
pirvel xanebSi jobs mamac ki ar movixsenioT saxeliT da rogorme marto gvariT gavideT fons,
magaliTad, `didi xnis nanatrma bednierebam erTxans zRapruli frinveliviT itriala sanak-
lios mowmendil caze da bolos gogiebis – sityvaze vambob – tkbil ojaxSi daido bina...~
amiT mkiTxvelis mexsierebidan nel-nela amovZirkvavT iamze burZglaso, mere da mere, roca
amis SesaZleblobas davinaxavT, axal saxelsa da gvarsac SevaparebTo. kacia gogias gegma mou-
wonebia, madlobis niSnad biZaCemi ionasTvis mxurvaled CamourTmevia xeli da (me ara mjera da
Tqven rogorc geneboT) Tvalze cremli mosdgomia.
sanam kabinetidan gamovidoda, biZaCemma kidev erTi uaRresad mniSvnelovani sakiTxi Seu-
Tanxma kacia gogias: problema friad da friad delikaturia da yvela mosalodneli garTule-
bis winaswar gaTvaliswineba SeuZlebelia, amitom saWirod mimaCnia, yoveli SemTxvevisaTvis,
cnoba erTi moqalaqis amoweris an erTi moqalaqis Caweris Sesaxeb (jer ar viciT, romeli vari-
anti gamogvadgeba) oficialurad gaiceso. kacia gogias iqve daurekavs didTava xviCasTvis da
winanadeba miucia, komisiis mdivnis yvela moTxovna uyoymanod Seasruleo.
amasobaSi qalaqSi zeimi daiwyo. marTalia, taxti jer kidev carieli iyo, magram qalaqi
gazeTis cnobas daeyrdno da, rogorc davalebuli hqonda, zeims Seudga. warmatebiT Catarda
II nawili
(me TviTon daveswari) konferencia `deda, mama da Svili – problemis biologiuri da fsiqo-
logiuri aspeqti~, gaimarTa saxeldaxelo mitingi samSobiaro saxlis win, sabavSvo baga-baRebSi
gaisma taS-fanduris xalisiani xmebi. marTalia, Sesabamisma organoebma Sesabamis organizaciebs
frTxilad da taqtianad urCies jerjerobiT Tavi SeekavebinaT, magram Teoriuli konferen-
538
ciisa da mitingis monawileTa drouli gafrTxileba ver moxerxda, xolo baga-baRebSi es gaf-
rTxileba, ubralod, yurad ar iRes, radgan aRmzrdel pedagogebs, romlebmac Rameebi aTenes
da tvini anTxies literaturul-musikalur montaJebze, bunebrivia, eSinodaT amdeni Sroma
wyalSi ar gadahyrodaT.
momdevno sami dRis ganmavlobaSi biZaCemi iona saxlSi ar gamoCenila, amitom mTeli ojaxi,
SeiZleba iTqvas, bnelSi visxediT da wamodgena ar gvqonda, ra oinebs atrialebda. am ambebze
arc SemdgomSi laparakobda Cveuli enTuziazmiT da, rodesac Tavisi Tavgadasavlis kulmina-
ciur da uaRresad dramatul etaps exeboda (CemTan, Torem sxvebTan am Temaze saerTod ar la-
parakobda), yovelTvis uemocio iyo, indiferentuli, da yovelTvis mokled da SedarebiT
mSralad, umTavresad faqtebis eniT yveboda.
faqtebi ki (is, rac presis saSualebiT gavige, da is, rac biZaCemisgan vici) aseTi iyo: im
dRes, kacia gogias rom gamoeTxova, jer samSobiaro saxlSi wasula, kedlis gazeTi yuradRebiT
waukiTxavs da kmayofili darCenila, mere iaia burZgla mounaxulebia, `saRamos sanaklio~ uC-
venebia da gauxarebia, oRond iqve auxsnia, es mxolod dasawyisia, mTavari brZola wina gvaqvso.
iqidan didTava xviCas dawesebulebas swvevia da aRmouCenia, rom zogjer (cxadia, mxolod
wvrilmanebSi) bedi swyalobda: saocaria, magram im dReebSi erTi kaci marTla amowerila qalaq
sanakliodan da erTi kaci marTla Cawerila, ris gamoc xviCas dawesebulebas orive cnoba um-
tkivneulod, uxinjod da damSvidebuli sindisiT gaucia. xviCasgan wamosuli isev samSobiaro
saxlSi dabrunebula da savaraudo kandidaturebi Seumowmebia. iaia burZglas win umSobiaria
(es biZaCemma adreve icoda), qals, romelsac uSvia kandidati gvarad Samoevi, iaia burZglas
Semdeg (cameti, saRamos) umSobiaria qals, romelsac uSvia kandidati gvarad mefisaSvili. orive
kandidats TiTo mama hyavda da orive mSvenieri ojaxiSvili iyo. biZaCem ionas kandidatebis
misamarTi amouweria da orives ojaxi mounaxulebia (ra gaakeTa iq, ar uTqvams). Semdgom amisa
redaqciebi Camouvlia da korespondentebi moumzadebia (movamzadeo, ase miTxra da, roca da-
vinteresdi, Tu ra xasiaTisa iyo es momzadeba, sityva banze amigdo). iqidan kacia gogias xlebia
da mouxsenebia, yvelaferi gegmis mixedviT viTardebao. mere komisiis sxdoma mouwvevia, mTa-
vari iubilis dRe dauniSnavs (16 maisi), mosawvevi baraTis teqsti sakuTari xeliT Seudgenia
(xom ici, wera-kiTxva CvenSi ra problemaao, miTxra) da erT-erTi asistentis xeliT stambaSi
gaugzavnia, mere etlis, cxenebis, yvavilebis, Coxebis da sxva aqsesuarebis Sovnis Tadarigs
Sedgomia da mTeli dRe amaze urbenia.
meore diliT, rodesac kacia gogias `sanaklios dilaSi~ waukiTxavs:
`sanaklio egebeba Tavis measiaTase Svils
didi xnis nanatrma bednierebam erTxans zRapruli frinveliviT itriala sanaklios

mowmendil caze da bolos Samoevebis tkbil ojaxSi daido bina. diax, diax, Zvirfaso
mkiTxvelo, sworad mimixvdi: qalaq sanaklios stumarTmoyvare karibWe omaxiani Zaxi-
liT SemoaRo measiaTase mcxovrebma. viswrafi gacnobo, rom mSobiarobam warmatebiT
Caiara, melogineca da axalSobilic Tavs Cinebulad grZnoben. axla, roca es striqonebi
iwereba, patara kacia albaT funCula tuCebiT Cafrenia dedis ZuZus~,
madianad usauzmia, magram saRamos, roca `saRamos sanaklioSi~ waukiTxavs:
`sanaklio egebeba Tavis measiaTase Svils
didi xnis nanatrma bednierebam erTxans zRapruli frinveliviT itriala sanaklios

mowmendil caze da bolos mefisaSvilebis tkbil ojaxSi daido bina. diax, Zvirfaso
mkiTxvelo, sworad mimixvdi: qalaq sanaklios stumarTmoyvare karibWe omaxiani Zaxi-
liT SemoaRo measiaTase mcxovrebma. viCqari gacnobo, rom mSobiarobam warmatebiT
Caiara. melogineca da axalSobilic Tavs Cinebulad grZnoben. axla, roca es striqonebi
II nawili
iwereba, patara vanda albaT funCula tuCebiT Cafrenia dedis ZuZus~,

mada dakargvia da pirSi lukma ar Casvlia.
xolo erTi saaTis Semdeg Tavis mSvenier kabinetSi daundoblad uraxunebda muStebs muxis
myar, gamZle, mravlismnaxvel magidas da mtyuansa da marTals ganurCevlad aZrobda tyavs.
aseT daZabul viTarebaSi biZaCem ionas Turme damswreTa gansacvifreblad sityva Sua lanZRvaze
539
Seuwyvetinebia da mTeli danaSauli marto TviTon utvirTia. sxvas ras emarTlebiT yvelaferi
Cemi bralia da, Tu dasjaa, me erTi unda davisajoo, uTqvams, mere ra, rom Tavis mosafxani dro
ar mqonda, mainc bolomde unda mivyolodi da bolomde unda Sememowmebina, xom vicodi, ra
virebTan da yeyeCebTan mqonda saqmeo, magram sasjeli sad gaiqceva, sasjels merec moveswrebi,
axla magisTvis ara mcalia, axla mTavaria wamxdar saqmes rogorme droze vuSveloo.
da uSvela.
ra qna aseTi, ar vici (rac saWiro iyo, is vqenio, mSralad mipasuxa, roca detalebiT davin-
teresdi, da meti am epizodze krinti veRar davaZvrevine), magram faqtia, rom meore dRes
gazeTebma gasworeba dabeWdes.
diliT kacia gogias, rodesac `sanaklios dilaSi~ waukiTxavs:
`gasworeba
Cveni gazeTis guSindel nomerSi gamoqveynebul werilSi `sanaklio egebeba Tavis
measiaTase Svils~ koreqtoris mizeziT gaipara Secdoma. kerZod, nacvlad sityvebisa
`...bolos Samoevebis tkbil ojaxSi~ da `patara kacia albaT funCula tuCebiT...~ unda
iyos `...bolos mefisaSvilebis tkbil ojaxSi~ da `patara vanda albaT funCula tuCe-
biT...~ danarCeni rogorc teqstSia~,
kvlav madianad usauzmia. samagierod, rodesac `saRamos sanaklioSi~ waukiTxavs:
`gasworeba
Cveni gazeTis guSindel nomerSi gamoqveynebul werilSi `sanaklio egebeba Tavis
measiaTase Svils~ koreqtoris mizeziT gaipara Secdoma. kerZod, nacvlad sityvebisa
`...bolos mefisaSvilebis tkbil ojaxSi~ da `patara vanda albaT funCula tuCebiT...~
unda iyos `...bolos Samoevebis tkbil ojaxSi~ da `patara kacia albaT funCula tuCe-
biT...~ danarCeni rogorc teqstSia~,
isev dakargvia mada.
im dRes qalaq sanaklios iseTi saxe hqonda, TiTqos atyobda, rom raRacas upirebdnen,
magram, kerZod, ras ver gaego da amitom SiSiTa da molodiniT gatrunuliyo, xolo kacia gogias
mravlismomswre magida SuaRamemde iobis moTminebiT itanda patronis muStebs. amjerad Turme
kacia gogias komisiac bans aZlevda, Jamidan Jamze biZaCemisken iSverda TiTs da `hka magas! hka
magaso!~ gaiZaxoda. aRtacebiTa da siamayis kanonieri grZnobiT unda aRvniSnoT, rom biZaCem
ionas aqac hyofnia utifroba da, rogorc ki Sesaferisi SemTxveva mouxelTebia, sityva warmo-
uTqvams. TavisTavad cxadiao, TavCaRunuls ganucxadebia monanie kiloTi, Tqvens TvalSi sabo-
lood da samarTliand diskvalificirebuli var da yovelgvari ndoba dakarguli maqvso, mag-
ram, sanam damsjideT, oriode sityva maTqmevineTo. jer kidev arsebobs gamosavali da, Tu erT
cdasac momcemT, garwmunebT, Cems did danaSauls gamovisyidio. amas geubnebaT kaci, romelsac
savsebiT Segnebuli aqvs Tavisi Secdoma da mzad aris nebismieri sasjeli ise miiRos, rogorc
yvelaze maRali jildo. ndobiT nu mendobiT, raki Cemi ndoba aRar SeiZleba, mxolod gamosavals
giCvenebT da Tqven TviTon imoqmedeTo. da uCvena. Tavi rom davaneboT am friad da friad sam-
wuxaro gaugebrobas, rac Cveni gazeTebis furclebze datrialda, qalaqma ukve isedac icis,
rom namdvili measiaTase iamze burZglas vaJia, amas adasturebs `saRamos sanaklios~ 13 aprilis
nomeri, kedlis gazeTi `meloginis xma~ da is ori moqalaqe, romelTagan ukanaskneli aTi dRis
ganmavlobaSi erTi amoewera da erTic Caewerao. am faqts veRarsad gaveqceviT, amitom gvinda-
ar gvinda measiaTased isev measiaTase unda vaRiaroTo. moiTmineT, batonebo, bolomde maT-
qmevineT, jer xom ar iciT, ra winadadebas gTavazobTo. Seqmnil viTarebaSi saqmis waRma Semob-
runeba amgvarad SeiZlebao: burZglas qali bavSvis mamas daasaxelebso. daasaxelebs Tavis erT-
II nawili
erT kacs, an sxva nebismier gvarsa da saxels, rac ki enaze moadgeba, am saqmes me movuvlio. Cvenc
axali gasworeba davbeWdoT da es gvari, ukve saboloo da Seucvleli, gamovaqveynoT. aravin
gamogvekideba da sagangebo rkvevas aravin daiwyebs. amiT axla gadavrCebiT, iubilesac gada-
vixdiT, etlis scenas, Tumca Zalian ki meTanaRreba guli, bolos da bolos, sul SevcvliT, an
540 arada, vinmes daviqiravebT da, viTom bavSvis mamaa, burZglas gverdiT movusvamT. mTavaria,
stumrebis winaSe ar SevrcxveT da mere an sul daaviwydeba qalaqs es ambavi, an rames movifiq-
rebT. yovel SemTxvevaSi amJamad sxva gamosavali ara gvaqvso.
barem aRar undodaT biZaCemi ionasTvis daejerebinaT, magram ukeTesi veravin veraferi
moifiqra. amitom, mcire yoymanis Semdeg winadadeba miiRes. biZaCemi iaia burZglas mosamza-
deblad gagzavnes da, kidev rom gaugebroba ara momxdariyo ra, orive gazeTis korespondenti
erTdroulad miayoles ukan.
biZaCemma ionam iaia burZgla iolad daiTanxma. rogorc damarigeT, ise vizamo, uTqvams da,
korespondentebis Semosayvanad mimavali, madlierebis Tbili da, rogorc biZaCemi marwmu-
nebda, uspetakesi RimiliT gamoucilebia. mere, biZaCems rom korespondentebi Semouyvania, im
korespondentebs rbili, Semrigebluri sayveduriT Sexvedria, es ra ambavi agitexiaT, ram
gafiqrebinaT, rom Cemi patara kacia, enacvalos deda, sul mTlad umamoao! korespondentebs
raRac mobodiSebis magvari wauluRluRebiaT, mere kalmistrebi moumarjvebiaT da, barem, Tu
SeiZleba saxeli da gvari gviTxariTo, uTxoviaT. iaia burZglas kidev erTxel Semouxedavs
biZaCemi ionasTvis madlierebis Tbili da uspetakesi RimiliT da uTqvams, iona noes Ze kamka-
miZeo...
iubile marTlac rom sanaqebod Catarda.

sul win, rogorc scenariT iyo gaTvaliswinebuli, midioda nairferi yvavilebiT morTul-
mokazmuli Ria etli. etlSi TeTri cxenebi eba. kofoze sanaklios saxalxo Teatris msaxiobi
ijda meetlis tansacmelSi gamowyobili. ukan bednieri ojaxi mokalaTebuliyo. patara kacia
gakvirvebuli da cota daeWvebuli Canda. biZaCem ionas halstuxi ekeTa. bicolaCemi iaia min-
dvris ulamazes yvavils hgavda. yiJinsa da ovaciebs bolo ar hqonda...
prologi
12 ivniss, rodesac, Cveulebisamebr, dilis or saaTze gaviRviZe, Zilma moulodnelad ram-
denime wamiT isev wamarTva Tavi da mesizmra, viTom mSobliur sanaklioSi viyavi da me da biZaCemi
iona mocisfro SuqiT mkrTalad ganaTebul duqanSi gaSlil sufras vusxediT.
biZaCemTan qeifs ra sjobs, magram raRac (SesaZlebelia, ganaTebis xarisxi) ar momewona da
albaT amis gamo iyo, rom, roca Tvali gavaxile, jer kidev gamoufxizlebelma uecrad sigaretis
namwvis, carieli boTlebis, ydaSemoxeuli wignebis, konservis qilebisa da, saerTod, yvela-
feri imis miRma, rac iatakze, magida-ze, skamebze Tu Taroebze eyara, sadRac Sors, Zalian
Sors, mTel samyaroSi usasrulod gadaWimuli oTaxis boloSi, kidev erTxel davinaxe biZaCemi
iona.
aseT sizmars rom aseTi xilva mohyveba, ar SeiZleba adamiani SiSma ar Segipyros da avi
winaTgrZnoba ar dageuflos. da me mTeli dRe velodi mamaCemisgan zomieri mwuxarebiT gam-
sWvalul depeSas biZaCemi ionas gardacvalebis Sesaxeb. sabednierod, biZaCemi iona Cems sizmrebs
naklebad endoba da depeSa ar mosula. marTalia, saRamos werili ki movida, magram werili
ityobineboda ara biZaCemis gardacvalebas, aramed sul sxva rames:
`Zvirfaso Tanamemamule –––––––––––––––––––––––––
a. w. 28 ivniss q. sanaklio zeimobs Tavisi meorasiaTase mcxovrebis dabadebas. imedi gvaqvs
CamobrZandebiT da Cvens did sixaruls gaiziarebT.
aqve gTxovT, rom, Tu survili gaqvT monawileoba miiRoT sazeimo programaSi raime saxiT
(sityva, adresi, simRera, cekva, deklamacia, akrobatika, sacirko nomeri, originaluri Janri
da sxv.), Tqveni survili SegvatyobineT 20 ivnisamde, raTa droulad gaviTvaliswinoT da saerTo
II nawili
programaSi Sesaferisi adgili mivuCinoT.

pativiscemiT
saorganizacio komitetis mdivani
i. kamkamiZe~.
541
1984
citata
iosif brodski
`Cvens droSi yvela socialur-politikuri wyoba, rogorc demokratiuli, aseve avtori-

taruli, sul ufro gvaSorebs individualizmis suls da masebis jogur moZalebas uxsnis gzas.
adamianis pirovnuli gansakuTrebulobis idea anonimurobis ideiT icvleba. amgvari viTareba
advilad badebs ama Tu im saxis avtokratias da am konteqstSi adrindeli tiranebi moZvelebuli
tipis kompiuterebs gvagoneben.
Cven saqme gvaqvs ara calkeul pirovnebaTa, aramed partiis tiraniasTan, romelmac tira-
nebis warmoeba industriul safuZvelze daayena. isini ise gamoiyurebian, rogorc yvelani,
isini balaxiviT erTnairebi arian. vizualuri erTferovneba aRrmavebs, avsebs `saxalxo mTav-
robis~ princips: aq marTavs aravin. magram roca marTavs aravin, es tiraniis gamorCeulad yov-
lismomcveli formaa, radgan aravin iseTia, rogoricaa yvela, mravali TvalsazrisiT igivea,
rac masa _ ai, ratom xdeba zedmeti arCevnebis Catareba.
tirania Tqveni cxovrebis organizebas axdens _ uaRresad gulmodgined, demokratiaze
bevrad ukeTesad _ da amas akeTebs Tqvensave sasikeTod, radgan brboSi individualizmis yo-
velgvari gamovlena saSiSia; pirvel rigSi imisTvis, vinc mas avlens~.
komentari
Tavisi arsebobis gviandel fazaSic, romelsac Semdgom `zastois~ _ ùZraobis~ epoqa uwo-
des, sabWoTa reJimi uwyinari da uxifaTo ar yofila, magram garegnulad komikuri ufro iyo,
vidre saSiSi. politikuri sistema komikuri xdeba, rodesac mis mier deklarirebuli ideali
da principebi (vTqvaT, socialuri samarTlianoba, Tanasworoba) Sinaarsisgan mTlianad icleba,
ifiteba da haerSi gamoekideba; rodesac cxovrebis is saxe, romelsac oficialuri ideologia
da propaganda qmnian, imis sruliad sapirispiroa, rac namdvil cxovrebas Seadgens. magram
aseTma Sinaganad gamofitulma reJimma, uazro ritualebis komikur gaTamaSebad rom warmod-
geba, SeiZleba sakmaod didxans iarsebos _ es TiTqosda ucnauri viTareba imiT aixsneba, rom
socialur-politikur sistemas sicocxlis unars sZens misi da sazogadoebis bunebis erTgva-
rovneba, is, rom sazogadoeba morgebulia am sistemas, zneobrivad arafriT sjobs mas.
davaleba
citatis da komentaris moSveliebiT dawereT jemal qarCxaZis moTxrobis analizi

(personaJTa saxeebi da maTi urTierTmimarTeba; nawarmoebis ZiriTadi konfliqti; mTa-
vari saTqmeli _ koncefcia; Sesabamisi epoqis da socialur-politikuri sistemis gar-
datexa nawarmoebSi; Txrobis stili, toni; enis Tavisebureba; komizmi da misi Seqmnis
saSualebebi).
naSromis Sesrulebisas orientirad gamoiyeneT wignSi warmodgenili kritikuli
azrovnebis nimuSebi, romlebic Tqven daamuSaveT.
II nawili
542 iosif brodski (1940-1996) _ sabWoTa kavSiridan amerikaSi emigrirebuli poeti, eseisti
danarTebi
eses struqtura
danarTi #1
dRes esem, rogorc literaturul-publicisturma teqstma Tavisi Zireuli mniSvneloba

Seicvala. ese aris arc Tu ise didi moculobis (1500-2000 sityva) Txzuleba, romelsac aqvs
mkacrad Camoyalibebuli forma da struqtura. nebismieri tipis ese Sedgeba sami ZiriTadi
nawilisagan:
I. Sesavali
imisaTvis, rom eses Sesavals qondes efeqturi xasiaTi, sasurvelia ramdenime martivi
wesis dacva:
1. mkafiod gamokveTeT mizani, anu Tavidanve gaacaniT mkiTxvels, Tu ra sakiTxis Sesaxeb
gsurT saubari. teqsti daiwyeT Sesavali nawiliT.
2. dasviT iseTi SekiTxva, romlis Sesaxebac SeiZleba isaubroT eseSi;
3. daiwyeT Sesavali mkiTxvelisaTvis nacnobi, advilad aRsaqmeli situaciis aRweriT, raTa
daainteresoT mkiTxveli;
II. ZiriTadi nawili

ZiriTad nawilSi gadmocemulia avtoris mTavari saTqmeli, ganmartebuli da dasabuTebu-
lia mTavari debulebebi, logikuradaa ganviTarebuli msjeloba, aqvea gadmocemuli avtoris
damokidebuleba gansaxilveli sakiTxisadmi.
III. daskvniTi nawili

daskvniTi nawili erTgvari Sejamebaa eseSi gadmocemuli mosazrebebisa, romlebic mkiTx-
vels kidev erTxel xazgasmiT ukonkretebs avtoris mizans, warmoaCens Temis aqtualobas da
saxavs perspeqtivas.
Cveulebriv, gamoiyofa eses ori gansxvavebuli saxeoba:
1. axsniTi (ganmartebiTi) ese
2. argumentirebuli ese
Sinaarsobrivi TvalsazrisiT SeiZleba gamoiyos eses ramdenime tipi:
literaturul-publicisturi;
kritikuli;
filosofiuri;
istoriuli;
samecniero;
biografiuli;
fsiqologiuri;
danarTebi
sociologiuri;
da a.S.
543
axsniTi ese
axsniTi eses funqciaa ama Tu im movlenis an faqtis aRwera, zogadi analizi an axsna. Sesaba-
misad, am tipis ese gulisxmobs ara sakiTxis siRrmiseul analizs an problemis gadaWras, aramed
mas aqvs erTgvari sainformacio funqcia da miznad isaxavs sakiTxis arsSi garkvevas, rac exma-
reba mkiTxvels ama Tu im sakiTxze zogadi codnis miRebaSi.
argumentirebuli ese
msjelobis erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani nawilia argumentacia, anu poziciis dasabu-
Teba da adekvaturi argumentebiT gamyareba. argumentirebul eseSi avtori warmoaCens Tavis
subieqtur mosazrebebs, gvTavazobs sakuTar pozicias da gviCvenebs, eTanxmeba Tu ara ama Tu
im Sexedulebas da mis mier moxmobili argumentebiT logikurad asabuTebs Tavis saTqmels.
detaluri gegmis Sedgena

teqstis Sesaqmnelad detaluri gegmis Sedgena gagiadvilebT eses weras, radgan sworad
Sedgenil gegmas eyrdnoba mTeli teqsti da es avtors saSualebas aZlevs, organizebulad Ca-
moayalibos saTqmeli, ar gadauxvios logikuri msjelobis xazs, ar gadatvirTos igi arasaWiro
informaciiT. gegmis pirveli varianti SeiZleba Caswordes muSaobis procesSi, mas SeiZleba
daematos punqtebi an piriqiT _ amovardes an gadaadgildes misi Semadgeneli nawilebi.
prezentacia
danarTi #2
prezentacia laTinuri sityvaa da wardgenas niSnavs. es gaxlavT Tqven mier ganxiluli da

gaanalizebuli konkretuli Temis, sakiTxis, problemis sxvadasxva auditoriis winaSe sajaro
wardgenis procesi.
prezentaciis mizania sxvadasxva tipisa da kategoriis auditorias gaacnos Tqven mier
ganxorcielebuli kvlevis Sedegebi. sasurvelia, Tqven mier warmodgenili saprezentacio
moxseneba iyos mokle (araumetes 10-15 wuTisa), azrobrivad, Sinaarsobrivad da logikurad
gamarTuli, aseve, Zalian mniSvnelovani da aucilebelia, rom saprezentaciod arCeuli Tema
gamoirCeodes siaxliTa da aqtualobiT.
rogor unda moemzadoT prezentaciisTvis: Tavdapirvelad saWiroa auditoriis Seswavla;
moxsenebis Sesavlis, ZiriTadi da daskvniTi nawilis dagegmva; sademonstracio TvalsaCinoe-
bebis SerCeva. Tqven mzad unda iyoT auditoriis mxridan SesaZlo SekiTxvebze pasuxis gasace-
madac. gasaTvaliswinebelia is faqtoric, rom Tuki auditoriisTvis gasagebad ar iqneba pre-
zentacia warmarTuli, Tqveni prezentacia warmatebulad ver CaiTvleba. aseve kargad unda
iyos dagegmili gamosvlis droc. rac ufro mcirea dro, miT ufro rTulia yvela ZiriTadi
ideis warmoCena. moxsenebis momzadebisas unda gvaxsovdes, rom, saSualod, momxsenebeli 100
sityvas ambobs wuTSi. gaiTvaliswineT isic rom, Tqveni gamosvlis pirvelive wuTebma unda
SeZlos auditoriis daintereseba. gansaxilvel sakiTxze msjelobisas konkretuli magali-
danarTebi
Tebis moxmoba imis saSualebas mogcemT, rom auditoriam ukeT gaicnobieros moxsenebis prob-
lematika da ZiriTadi idea. ZiriTadi ideebi ar unda iyos bevri (saSualod 3), radgan erTi
Temidan meoreze gadasvla msmenelis yuradRebis gafantvas iwvevs. prezentaciisas mniSvne-
lovania daskvniTi nawilis formisa da SinaarsisTvis yuradRebis miqceva. Tqveni moxsenebis
daskvniTi nawili unda iyos pozitiuri, an mTavrdebodes SekiTxviT. amiT Tqven ubiZgebT audi-
torias miubrundes ganxilul sakiTxs da kidev erTxel dafiqrdes masze.
544
SesaZlebelia, auditoriam kiTxvebi prezentaciis msvlelobis drosac dasvas. aseT Sem-
TxvevaSi, bunebrivia, gamosvlis reglamenti moimatebs.
rac Seexeba TvalsaCinoebebs, igi Tqveni poziciis erTgvari dadasturebaa da xels uwyobs
msmenelTa yuradRebis gamaxvilebas ZiriTad ideebze.
prezentaciisas yuradReba unda miaqcioT araverbaluri komunikaciis iseT elemntebs ro-
goricaa xmis tembri, dgomis manera da Jestikulacia. aseve yuradReba miaqcieT iseT mniSvne-
lovan faqtors, rogoricaa metyvelebis kultura.
kriteriumebi, romliTac fasdeba Tqveni prezentacia:
ramdenad saintereso iyo Sesavali nawili;

ramdenad saintereso da originaluri iyo saprezentacio Tema;
ramdenad gamokveTilad iyo Camoyalibebuli Tezisi;
ramdenad damajerebeli iyo argumentacia. magaliTad, iyo Tu ara msjeloba gamyarebuli
konkretuli magaliTebiTa da faqtebiT;
ramdenad ajamebda prezentaciis daskvniTi nawili moxsenebaSi gamokveTil sakiTxebs;
ramdenad iyo daculi msjelobis nawilebs Soris wonasworoba;
ramdenad SeZlo prezentatorma auditoriis yuradRebis mipyroba;
ramdenad SeZlo prezentatorma prezentaciis bolomde auditoriis yuradRebis
SenarCuneba;
ramdenad miznobrivad da marTebulad iqna gamoyenebuli prezentatoris mier araver-
baluri sakomunikacio ena;
ramdenad damajereblad da argumentirebulad gasca man msmenelebis SekiTxvebs pasuxi;
ramdenad daicva prezentatorma saprezentacio reglamenti;
ramdenad gamarTuli iyo prezentatoris metyveleba;
ramdenad iyenebda prezentatori TvalsaCinoebebs.
proeqtis struqtura
danarTi #3
proeqtis aRwera
proeqtis aRwera aris misi ZiriTadi Semadgeneli nawili. aRniSnuli punqti sasurvelia
daiyos qvepunqtebad, romelSic gaerTiandeba Semdegi saxis informacia:
a) problemis gansazRvra (identifikacia) _ gulisxmobs im konkretuli problemis xaz-
gasmas, romlis sapasuxodac aris mimarTuli Tqveni proeqti.
b) mizani _ gulisxmobs farTo, zogad debulebas imis Sesaxeb, Tu risi miRweva gsurT.
g) amocanebi: _ aq unda miuTiToT, ra amocanebs gadaWriT Tqvens proeqtSi miTiTebuli
danarTebi
miznis misaRwevad. miznis gansaxorcieleblad (proeqtis specifikidan gamomdinare) SeiZleba

daisaxoT erTi, ori an ramdenime amocana.
545
d) ganxorcielebis gzebi: gulisxmobs kidev ufro konkretul nabijebs Tqven mier dasmu-
li amocanebis Sesasruleblad. ganxorcielebis gzebi aris procesi, romelmac unda upasuxos
kiTxvebs:
1) `rogor?” - rogor ganaxorcielebT Tqveni proeqtis amocanebs?
2) `vin?” - vin monawileobs Tqveni proeqtis ganxorcielebaSi? da ra funqcia akisriaT maT
proeqtis Sesrulebisas.
proeqtis Sesrulebis vadebi:

aq detalurad, etapobrivad unda aisaxos da aRiweros proeqtis Sesasruleblad gansa-
xorcielebeli saqmianoba, ganawilebuli dReebis, kvirebis, Tveebis mixedviT (proeqtis spe-
cifikis gaTvaliswinebiT).
biujeti
biujeti ganacxadis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani nawilia. igi logikur kavSirSi unda iyos
proeqtis aRweraSi miTiTebul amocanebTan.
mosalodneli Sedegebi
am nawilSi unda aRiweros savaraudo efeqti an mosalodneli Sedegi, rac Tqveni azriT
moyveba proeqtis warmatebiT ganxorcielebas.
monitoringi
am nawilSi unda miuTiToT Tu rogori iqneba Tqveni proeqtis ganxorcielebaze meTval-
yureobis (monitoringis) meqanizmi da perioduloba.
Sefaseba
miuTiTeT is savaraudo kriteriumebi (maCveneblebi), romlebic gansazRvraven Tqveni
proeqtis warmatebas.
kriteriumebi, romliTac Sefasdeba Tqven mier ganxorcielebuli proeqti:
problemis identificireba;
Teoriuli codnis praqtikul saqmianobaSi gamoyeneba;
informaciis moZiebis unari;
kvlevebis dagegmvisa da Catarebis unari;
sazogadoebasTan da Sesabamis samTavrobo da arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan urTier-
Tobis unari;
jgufis SemoqmedebiTi unari;
moZiebuli informaciis klasifikaciis da interpretaciis unari;
kvlevis Sedegebis analizis unari;
problemis gadaWris gzebis SeTavazeba;
danarTebi
gadawyvetilebebis miReba;
Tqven mier Seqmnili TvalsaCinoebebis gamoyeneba.
546
intervius struqtura
danarTi #4
intervius aRebamde saWiroa garkveuli tipis winaswari gegmis SemuSaveba:

1. mosamzadebeli samuSao;
2. intervius kiTxvebis Camoyalibeba;
3. intervius Catarebis procedurebis dagegmva;
4. mopovebuli masalis damuSaveba, analizi da interpretacia;
mosamzadebeli samuSao
1. intervius aRebamde winaswar moiZieT Tqven mier gansaxorcielebeli kvlevis Tematikis,
an gasaxilveli sakiTxis Sesaxeb arsebuli informacia da gaaanalizeT igi.
2. winaswar moiZieT informacia im jgufebze, romlebsac miekuTvnebian Tqven mier arCeuli
respondentebi.
3. sasurvelia, moisminoT an waikiTxoT msgavsi tipis ramdenime interviu.
intervius kiTxvebis Camoyalibeba

mosamzadebel samuSaos dasrulebis Semdeg moifiqreT ori an sami intervius kiTxva. Sea-
dareT da SeajereT erTmaneTTan Tqven mier winaswar mofiqrebuli sakvlevi kiTxvebi. gaaana-
lizeT ramdenad Seesabameba es kiTxvebi Tqveni kvlevis mizans. gaiTvaliswineT, rom Tqven
mier arCeuli sakvlevi kiTxvebi safuZvlad unda daedos intervius kiTxvars.
intervius kiTxvebis Camoyalibebis dros, Tqven unda gaiTvaliswinoT:

1. ra tipis informaciis codnaa saWiro TiToeuli respodentis Sesaxeb. mag. respodentis
dabadebis adgili da TariRi, profesia, ganaTleba, sacxovrebeli adgili konkretul periodSi
da a.S.
2. intervius kiTxvaTa Tanamimdevroba.
3. kiTxvebis formulirebis specifika:
a) kiTxva respondents ar unda ubiZgebdes garkveuli pasuxisaken;
b) kiTxvebi unda iyos mkafiod Camoyalibebuli.
intervius dasawyisisa da dasasrulis forma da specifika

intervius msvlelobis dros mniSvnelovania:
1. diqtofonis da audio kasetis winaswar Semowmeba. Tu intervius Caweras eleqtronuli
gziT ver axerxebT, maSin, aucilebelia wyvilebSi imuSaoT: erTi Tqvengani dasvams kiTx-
vebs, xolo meore gaakeTebs CaniSvnebs (intervius dasrulebis Semdeg rac SeiZleba swra-
fad unda moxdes respondentis pasuxebis werilobiT Camoyalibeba _ CaniSvnebis safuZ-
velze).
2. intervius adgilze droulad gamocxadeba.
danarTebi
3. respondentTan urTierTobisas etiketis dacva.

4. respondentis saubris yuradRebiT mosmena.
5. intervius msvlelobisas unda iyoT koreqtulebi, respondents ar unda SeekamaToT;
6. Tu intervius msvleloba moiTxovs iseTi kiTxvis dasmas, romelic ar gqondaT dageg-
mili, umjobesia dasvaT es SekiTxva.
7. intervius dasrulebis Semdeg, aucileblad gadauxadeT respondents madloba.
547
4. aRebuli masalis damuSaveba, analizi da interpretacia
intervius analizisa da interpretaciis dros Tqven unda gaiTvaliswinoT:
Tqven SekiTxvebs respondentis mier gaeca Tu ara srulyofili pasuxi;
saWiroa Tu ara, gadamowmdes respodentis mier mowodebuli informacia.;
iyo Tu ara respodenti aSkarad tendenciuri romelime kiTxvaze pasuxis gacemisas;
ramdenad Rirebulia konkretuli interviu Tqven mier dasaxuli miznis misaRwevad?
referatis struqtura
danarTi #5
a) Sesavali _ unda ganimartos Tu ratom avirCieT konkretuli Tema da ganisazRvros misi

aqtualoba. mokled unda Camoyalibdes gansaxilveli Temis miznebi da amocanebi.
b) ZiriTadi nawili _ Tanamimdevrulad, nabij-nabij vaanalizebT gansaxilvel sakiTxs. va-
dasturebT Cvens mosazrebebs cifrebiT, faqtebiT, an citatebiT. yoveli struqturuli
erTeuli (Tavi, paragrafi) mTavrdeba mokle daskvniT.
g) daskvna _ TemasTan dakavSirebiT vayalibebT zogad daskvnebs, uarvyofT an veTanxmebiT
Cven mier moZiebul wyaroTa avtorebis poziciebs da gamovTqvamT sakuTar mosazrebas
problemis gadaWrasTan dakavSirebiT.
rodesac referati dasrulebulia, saboloo Strixia _ misi gaformeba.
referatis gaformeba:
satitulo furceli, moicavs informacias saswavlo dawesebulebis Sesaxeb, ewereba sagani/
saganTa jgufi, referatis saTauri, Semsruleblis da maswavleblis vinaoba. satitulo
furceli ar inomreba.
Sinaarsi _ struqturuli erTeulebis Sinaarsi gverdebis miTiTebiT

samuSaos teqsti _ a) Sesavali, b) ZiriTadi nawili da g) daskvna, aqedan iwyeba gverdebis
gadanomrva da masze daismis Sesabamisi cifri.
gamoyenebuli literaturis sia _ wyaroebi sruli bibliografiuli monacemebis
miTiTebiT.
kriteriumebi, romliTac Sefasdeba referati:

1. mizani/Tezisi _ kvlevis Sedegad gamoTqmuli ZiriTadi idea
2. referatis organizeba
3. Sinaarsis koreqtuloba, faqtobrivi saimedooba
4. enobrivi gamarTuloba
danarTebi
5. kvleva
6. ilustraciebi/ TvalsaCinoebebi
7. SeTavazebuli mosazrebis argumentebiTa da magaliTebiT gamyareba
8. daskvnebi
548
qarTuli ena
da literatura
IX klasi
l. TuSuri
m. inasariZe
n. SaraSeniZe
grifirebuli
pilotirebuli
am avtorTa mier Seqmnilma VIII klasis saxelmZRvanelom ukve moipova saqarTvelos

skolebis moswavleTa da maswavlebelTa didi nawilis aRiareba. maTive avtorobiT Seiqmna
IX klasis saxelmZRvanelo, romlis Tematurad dalagebul TavebSi gansakuTrebuli yura-
dReba eqceva Zvel qarTul mwerlobasa da mis gamoZaxils Tanamedrove literaturaSi. es
moswavleebs saSaulebas aZlevs, imsjelon im problemebsa da Rirebulebebze, romlebic
yvela epoqaSi aqtualuria da Tan Tvali gaadevnon literaturul process.
avtorebi kvlav eyrdnobian enisa da literaturis integrirebuli swavlebis princips.
wignSi warmodgenilia mravalwaxnagovani, problemuri Temebi, romlebic moswavleebs sa-
Sualebas aZlevs, gamoxaton sakuTari pozicia, Camoayalibon originaluri mosazrebebi,
SeZlon gansxvavebuli Tvalsazrisebis analizi da sakuTaris Camoyalibeba.
aqac iseve, rogorc VIII klasis saxelmZRvaneloSi, aris mravalferovani weriTi davale-
bebi, romlebic moswavleebs uviTarebs analitikur da SemoqmedebiT unar-Cvevebs.
saxelmZRvanelos yoveli Tavis bolos mocemulia Semajamebeli samuSaos sxvadasxva
tipi, romelic maswavlebels miscems saSualebas, Seafasos moswavleebi sxvadasxva unaris
mixedviT.
saxelmZvanelo aaqtiurebs moswavles, xels uwyobs ara marto SemecnebiTi, aramed so-
cialuri unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebas, erovnuli da zogadsakacobrio faseulobebis mi-
marT pozitiuri damokidebulebis Camoyalibebas.
`rogor vweroT ukeTesad~ praqtikuli savarjiSoeb is
krebulia. misi mizania, XI klasis standartiT gaTvaliswi
nebuli enobrivi sakiTxebis aqcentirebiT daexmaros mos
wavles weriTi metyvelebis srulyofaSi.
krebulSi gaTvaliswinebulia ufrosklaselTa da abi
turientTa saWiroebebi da mocemulia iseTi savarjiSoebi,
romlebic gauRrmavebs maT azris wignierad gamoxatvis
unars.
mravalferovani savarjiSoebi punqtuaciis, frazeolo
gizmebis, sinonimiis da sxvadasxvanairi enobrivi konstruq
ciebis ukeT dauflebas Seuwyobs xels. krebuli Seicavs
weriT metyvelebaSi oficialuri da saqmiani stilis gamo
yenebis nimuSebs da TviTSemowmebis testebsac.
krebuli ramdenime Tavisagan Sedgeba, rac maswavlebels
saSualebas aZlevs, survilisamebr da saWiroebisamebr amu
Saos klasi sxvadasxva tipisa da Tematikis savarjiSoebze.
TiToeul TavSi savarjiSoebi imgvari principiTaa dala
gebuli, rom moswavle jer formis mniSvnelobas da fun
qcias eufleba, Semdeg Tavad qmnis winadadebebs, bolos ki
Seswavlili masalis gamoyenebiT asrulebs Semajamebel savarjiSos. am savarjiSoebSi mocemuli
davalebebi konkretuli teqstebis Seqmnas isaxavs miznad.
`rogor vweroT ukeTesad~ daexmareba abiturientebs saerTo erovnuli gamocdebisaTvis
mzadebis procesSi.
qarTuli ena da literatura

VIII klasi
l. TuSuri. m. inasariZe. n. SaraSeniZe
grifirebuli
moswavlis wigni +
maswavleblis wigni
am saxelmZRvanelos avtorebs kargad icnobs qarTuli

pedagogiuri sazogadoeba. mdidari profesiuli gamocdi
lebis mqone maRalkvalificiurma special istebma Seqmnes
qarTuli enisa da literaturis Tanamedrove integrire
buli saxelmZRvanelo, romelSic mravalferovani masala
mowodebulia Sesabamisi asakis mozardTa inteleqtualuri
da fsiqologiuri Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebiT. wignSi
yuradReba gamaxvilebulia literaturul masalaSi prob
lemebis danaxvis, gansxvavebuli Tvalsazrisebis gamoTqmisa
da Sejerebis unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebaze. Tvisebrivi
siaxlea mravalferovani da diferencirebuli weriTi aq
tivobebi, rac erT Temaze muSaobisas problemebis nairg
vari interpretaciiT ganxilvis saSualebas iZleva. weriTi
aqtivobebi isea SerCeul i, rom maTi Sesruleba am asakis mozardebisaTvis gansakuTrebiT
saintereso da saxaliso iyos.
saxelmZRvaneloSi didi adgili eTmoba warmosaxviT swavlebas: ama Tu im personaJis po
ziciidan faqtisa da movlenis Sefaseba aaqtiurebs mozardebis warmosaxvas. saxelmZRvanelo
efuZneba TanamSromlobiTi pedagogikis principebs, romelTa Sesabamisadac moswavle pasiuri
damkvirveblis nacvlad aqtiuri Tanamonawilis mdgomareobaSia Cayenebuli. saxelmZRvanelos
erT-erTi ZiriTadi Rirsebaa gamarTuli meTodikuri aparati, rac maqsimalurad uzrunvel
yofs standartis yvela mimarTulebis Sedegebis miRwevas.
pirvelad saqarTveloSi!
qarTuli enis saskolo ganmartebiTi leqsikoni -

samagido wigni moswavleebisa da maswavleblebisaTvis!
profesionalTa mier momzadebul am akademiur ga

mocemaSi asaxulia skolaSi Sesaswavli, saprogramo
literaturuli teqstebis leqsika da frazeolo
gia.
`qarTuli enis saskolo ganmartebiTi leqsikoni~
daexmareba moswavleebs sxvadasxvagvari literatu
ruli teqstebis aRqmasa da gagebaSi, gaumdidrebs
maT leqsikur marags da ganuviTarebs mSobliuri enis
grZnobasa da siyvaruls.
leqsikoni Seadgina arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnie
rebis institutis ufrosma mecnierma TanamSromelma, filologiis mecnierebaTa
doqtorma Tamar berozaSvilma.
redaqtori _ arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis institutis leqsikologiis
ganyofilebis gamge, filologiis mecnierebaTa doqtori avTandil arabuli.
gTavazobT sityvaTa da gamoTqmaTa ganmartebis nimuSebs leqsikonidan:
sawde (Zv.) Rvinis WurWeli, _ saRvine. [mefem] ara wamoiRo ra ganZTagan: erTi... Tari
da erTi... sawde (saba).
aakokolaveb-s erTmaneTze dadgams, simaRleze daawyobs (bevr rames), _ aaxuxu
lavebs. [gamyidvelebma] SeSa... kedlis Ziras aakokoles (r. inan.).
abru gautydeba saxeli gautydeba, avtoriteti Seelaxeba. roca... xrikian advo
kats... abru gautydeboda da aravin miekareboda, igi adgils moinacvlebda (d. kld.).
daaboteb-s didi nabijebiT dadis, _ daalajebs. mamamisi... did tyeSi daabotebs (r.
inan.).
mwyazar-i Zalze lamazi, mSvenieri, turfa, momxibvleli. Subli – brtyeli, warbi
_ wvrili, safeTqeli mwyazaria (zRap.). vnaxe Wabuki erTi momavali, axovani, mSvenieri, mxne,
mwyazari (saba). axlac Cems Tvalwin dgas almasuri saxe, mwyazari (g. leon.).
rodinobis kvireSi dacinviT: arasodes. erTma glexma mkiTxa: ‘Sen rodisRa waikiT
xavo?~ Cem magivrad meorem miugo: ‘rodinobis kvireSio!~ (akaki).
3
I Tavi kiTxva

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ქართული ენა და ლიტერატურა -Xii

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Tamaz vasaZe

rekomendebulia erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris mier.

garekanze gamoyenebulia mixeil javaxiSvilis avtobiografiis xelnaweri, romelic

saxelmZRvanelos gasaformeblad gamoyenebulia breigelis, goias, rodenis, vereS-

© gamomcemloba `diogene~, 2008

• ra principebi daedo safuZvlad XII klasis qarTulis saxelmZRvanelos?

Tu literaturis daniSnuleba adamianebisTvis inteleqtualuri sixarulis da siam-

nugzar muzaSvili, nikoloz CubiniZe

II Tavi _ `banaluri kiTxvebi~ ......................................................................................................... 77

III Tavi _ qali da mamakaci .............................................................................................................. 127

goderZi Coxeli _ cxra SekiTxva siyvarulis Sesaxeb ................................................................. 160

V Tavi _ arCevani ................................................................................................................................. 239

VI Tavi _ WeSmaritebis Sesaxeb .................................................................................................... 323

rezo WeiSvili _ biWikos avadmyofobis istoria ........................................................................... 508

danarTebi .............................................................................................................................................. 543

adamianuri moRvaweobis sxva sferoebisgan gansxvavebiT, mxatvrul Semoqmedebas erTi

arsebobs moaruli azri, romlis Tanaxmadac amqveynad mxatvruli nawarmoebis kiTxvaze

`pirveli, rac am moTxrobis wakiTxvisas dameufla, iyo aRtacebasTan

3 saaTsa da 5 wuTze Camodga matarebeli, romelic, rasakvirvelia, aravis dasjaxebia da

gamxdari, gaburZgnuli Savi TmebiT, gauparsavi, jinsebian-tyavisqurTukiani, 20-22 wlis), am-

`nobaTi~, romelSiac, ZiriTadad, axalgazrda mwerlebis teqstebi ibeWdeboda. `SemTxvevac~

yuradRebiT waikiTxeT Semdegi epizodi:

 Tqveni azriT, ra mizans SeiZleba emaxurebodes dokumentur-qronikaluri stili?

 daakvirdiT, rogor arian daxasiaTebuli pavle mitrofanes Ze petrovi, merab zurabis

1. daakvirdiT: moTxroba 1981 wliTaa daTariRebuli, xolo teqstis dasawyisSive naTqva-

SeamCnies es niuansi maT, vinc moTxroba arasworad waikiTxes?

vfiqrobT, Cveni sazogadoebis garkveul nawilSi adrec SeimCneoda da dResac SeimCneva

gaixseneT ilia WavWavaZis `kacia-adamiani?!~ rogor xsnian luarsabi da darejani rusTxel-

Tqveni azriT, ratom ganapiroba dokumentur-qronikalurma stilma moTxrobis araswori

nawarmoebis analizisas miRebuli daskvnebi CaiwereT samuSao rveulSi. gaacaniT Tqveni

naazrevi erTmaneTs da azrTa sxvadasxvaobis SemTxvevaSi gamarTeT saklaso diskusia; Seeca-

XX saukunis dasawyisis ruseTSi Zalze popularuli mwerali leonid

hqonda xalxs piri dabCenili,

romlis gauTvaliswinebladac saerTod SeuZlebelia am teqstis adekvaturad aRqma.

Tavidan waikiTxeT teqsti da daakvirdiT, ramdenjer da ra konteqstSi axsenebs mwerali ieso

mwerali ramdenjerme xazgasmiT ambobs, rom ben-toviti keTili da usamarTlobis moZule

1. gaaanalizeT moTxrobis wakiTxviT miRebuli STabeWdileba da mcire komentaris saxiT

SearCieT romelime mniSvnelovani movlena Cveni istoriidan. Sesabamisad, gamoigoneT per-

Sedegad miRebuli gamocdilebis gamoyenebiT SeqmeniT mcire prozauli teqsti.

`rogor SeiZleba isev da isev ar gancvifrde, mowiwebam ar dagamunjos,

mkiTxveli gaxlavTmeTqi; da ro garTulda, vTqvaT, Tanamedrove qarTuli romani, ar CaiTvleba

albaT amitom xdebodnen sakuTari stilis maZiebelni mudam damaSvralni, an sazogadoebisgan

misi weris maneris Taviseburebani. yuradReba gaamaxvileT sintaqsze, leqsikaze, sxva

vazebul stils mis mier gamoyenebuli enobriv-gramatikuli konstruqciebi.

 `saubarSi~ moyvanili T. bibiluris Tvalsazrisis gamoyenebiT SeecadeT oTar CxeiZis

igi wignTan axalgazrdobis didi nawilis damokidebulebis Sesaxeb ambobs, gamocdile-

mxolod Cemsave Tavs~.

siyvaruli yoveli Cvenganis macocxlebeli Zalaa. Tumca is yovelTvis ar aris bednierebis

amitomac qeTos siyvaruli brma ar aris...

danarTi #1-is wakiTxvis Semdeg yuradRebiT daakvirdiT warmodgenil eseebs.

 gansazRvreT, eses romel tipologiur da Sinaarsobriv saxeobas miekuTvneba TiToeuli

 SeafaseT, rogor aris SerCeuli saTaurebi.

literatori, germanisti, Tbilisis universitetis profesori, rezo

mxatvruli nawarmoebis aRqma

realiebi TiTqos CarCos msgavsi zRudiTaa gamoyofili realuri sinamdvilisagan.

aRuqmelobaa. magaliTad, mkiTxveli, romelic ar icnobs germanul klasikur literaturas da

elementaruli moqmedebac ki rogorRac abstragirdeba, ucxovdeba da mis gasagebad garkveuli

6. didi germaneli mwerlis goeTes TqmiT, arsebobs sami saxis mkiTxveli:

_ is, vinc tkbobisas msjelobs da msjelobisas tkbeba.

warmogidgenT niko lorTqifaniZis, niko samadaSvilis, revaz inaniSvilisa da oTar WilaZis

wamebai wmidisa SuSanikisi

dasxmad adgilsa mas, vinaica-igi pirvelad gamoiTries, da etyoda:

teqstis avtori; gamosaxvis Janruli kultu- fsiqo- Tqven

teqstis avtori; gamosaxvis Janruli kultu- fsiqo- Tqven

Tqveni azriT, ra mizans SeiZleba emaxurebodes dokumentur-qronikaluri stili?

daakvirdiT, rogor arian daxasiaTebuli pavle mitrofanes Ze petrovi, merab zurabis

`saubarSi~ moyvanili T. bibiluris Tvalsazrisis gamoyenebiT SeecadeT oTar CxeiZis

gansazRvreT, eses romel tipologiur da Sinaarsobriv saxeobas miekuTvneba TiToeuli

SeafaseT, rogor aris SerCeuli saTaurebi.

daasaTaureT qvemoT warmodgenili teqsti da axseniT, ra kriteriumebiT ixelmZRvane-

romel literaturul Janrs miakuTvnebT Tqven mier dasaTaurebul teqsts.

Tqveni azriT, SesaZlebelia Tu ara am teqstis gagrZeleba. dadebiTi pasuxis SemTxvevaSi

waikiTxeT qvemoT warmodgenili moTxroba da gaarkvieT, ratom SearCia mweralma es

risTvis da ratom unda kiTxulobdes adamiani mxatvrul literaturas?

Tqveni azriT, ra miznebs unda emsaxurebodes literaturis swavleba? Sexedulebebi

mocemul teqstebSi gansakuTrebiT romeli mosazrebaa TqvenTvis uCveulo an romelma

nebismieri proeqti SegiZliaT ganaxorcieloT, rogorc individualurad, ise jguf-

unda daasabuToT Tqven mier arCeuli saproeqto Temis aqtualoba.

upirveles yovlisa, unda SeadginoT konkretuli, etapobrivi gegma da gansazRvroT

amjerad, zemoT warmodgenili TiToeuli proeqtis miznis specifikidan gamomdinare

Catarebulma kvlevebma unda asaxos realuri suraTi.

intervius aRebamde zustad gansazRvreT da CamoayalibeT ZiriTadi SekiTxvebis nusxa.

proeqtis prezentaciisas naTlad unda warmoaCinoT Tqven mier Catarebuli kvlevis