IDEAL REHEAT-REGENERATIVE CYCLE

4. Assume an ideal reheat-regenerative cycle with, first, an extraction for feedwater

heating, then later a single reheating to its original temperature, and finally, two
extraction points for feedwater heating in open feedwater heaters. Sketch the
schematic diagram and the corresponding T-s diagram with respect to the
saturation condition and write equations for (a) the amount of steam extracted at
each point, (b) the heat supplied, QA, (c) the heat rejected, QR, (d) the turbine work,
Wt, and (e) the accumulated pump work, ∑WP.
SOLUTION:

t1 = t4
(a) Write equations for the amount of steam extracted at each point:
Mass Balance: Open Feedwater Heater #3 (OH3)

Mass in = Mass out

m1 + mB10 = 1
mB10 = 1 – m1 ---- Equation no. 1

Energy Balance: Open Feedwater Heater #3 (OH3)

Energy in = Energy out
m1 h2 + mB10 hB10 = (1) h11 ---Equation no.2

Substituting Equation no. 1 into Equation no. 2,

m1 h2 + (1- m1) hB10 = (1) h11
m1 h2 + hB10- m1 hB10 = h11
m1 h2 - m1 hB10 = h11 – hB10
ℎ −ℎ 𝑘𝑔𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚
m1 = 11 𝐵10,
ℎ2 − ℎ𝐵10 𝑘𝑔𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚
Mass Balance: Open Feedwater Heater #2 (OH2)

Mass in = Mass out

m2 + mB9 = 1- m1
mB9 = 1 – m1 – m2 ---- Equation no. 1

Energy Balance: Open Feedwater Heater #2 (OH2)

Energy in = Energy out
m2 h5 + mB9 hB9 = (1-m1) h10 ---Equation no.2

Substituting Equation no. 1 into Equation no. 2,

m2 h5 + (1- m1 – m2) hB9 = (1-m1) h10
m2 h5 + (1-m1) hB9- m2 hB9 = (1-m1) h10
m2 h5 - m2 hB9 = (1-m1) h10 - (1-m1) hB9
m2 (h5 - hB9) = (1 – m1) (h10 – hB9)
ℎ −ℎ 𝑘𝑔𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚
m2 = (1 – m1) ( 10 𝐵9),
ℎ5 − ℎ𝐵9 𝑘𝑔𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚

Mass Balance: Open Feedwater Heater #1 (OH1)

Mass in = Mass out

m3 + mB8 = 1- m1- m2
mB8 = 1 – m1 – m2 – m3 ---- Equation no. 1

Energy Balance: Open Feedwater Heater #1 (OH1)

Energy in = Energy out
m3 h6 + mB8 hB8 = (1-m1 – m2) h9 ---Equation no.2

Substituting Equation no. 1 into Equation no. 2,

m3 h6 + (1- m1 – m2 – m3) hB8 = (1-m1 – m2) h9
m3 h6 + (1-m1 – m2) hB8- m3 hB8 = (1-m1 – m2) h9
m3 h6 - m3 hB8 = (1-m1 – m2) h9- (1-m1 – m2) hB8
m3 (h6 - hB8) = (1-m1 – m2) (h9 – hB8)
ℎ −ℎ 𝑘𝑔𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚
m3 = (1 – m1 – m2) ( 9 𝐵8),
ℎ6 − ℎ𝐵8 𝑘𝑔𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚
 (b) Write equation for the heat supplied, QA
QA = QBoiler + ∑QReheater
= QBoiler + QReheater
𝑘𝐽
QA = (h1 – hB11) + (1 – m1) (h4 – h3),
𝑘𝑔𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚

(c) Write equation for the heat rejected, QR

Energy Balance: Condenser
Energy in = Energy out
(1- m1 – m2 – m3) h7 = QR + (1- m1 – m2 – m3) h8
QR = (1- m1 – m2 – m3) h7 - (1- m1 – m2 – m3) h8
𝑘𝐽
QR = (1- m1 – m2 – m3) (h7 – h8),
𝑘𝑔𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚

(d) Write equation for the turbine work, Wt,

Wt = W1-2 + W2-3 + W4-5 + W5-6 + W6-7
= (h1 – h2) + (1 – m1) (h2 – h3) + (1 – m1) (h4 – h5) +
𝑘𝐽
(1 – m1 – m2) (h5 – h6) + (1 – m1 – m2 – m3) (h6 – h7),
𝑘𝑔𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚

Alternative Solution:
Energy Balance: Turbine
Energy in = Energy out
h1 + (1-m1) h4 = m1h2 + (1 – m1) h3 + m2 h5 + m3 h6 + (1 – m1 – m2 – m3) h7 + Wt
Wt = [h1 + (1-m1) h4] – [m1h2 + (1 – m1) h3 + m2 h5 + m3 h6 + (1 – m1 – m2 – m3) h7

(e) Write equation for the total pump work, ∑Wp,

𝑘𝐽
BOILER FEEDWATER PUMP WORK, Wpump4,
𝑘𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚

𝑘𝐽
Wpump4≈vf11 (PB11 – P11),
𝑘𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚
 Pump in between OH3 and OH2 work, WP3
𝑘𝐽
Wpump3≈ (1 – m1) vf10 (PB10 – P10),,
𝑘𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚

Pump in between OH2 and OH1 work, WP2

𝑘𝐽
Wpump2≈ (1 – m1 – m2) vf9 (PB9 – P9),,
𝑘𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚

Condensate work, WP1

𝑘𝐽
Wpump1≈ (1 – m1 – m2 – m3) vf8 (PB8 – P8),,
𝑘𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚

∑Wpump = Wpump4 + Wpump3 + Wpump2 + Wpump1